The Role H-Bonding and Supramolecular Structures in Homogeneous and Enzymatic Catalysis

The article analyzes the role of hydrogen bonds and supramolecular structures in enzyme catalysis and model systems. Hydrogen bonds play a crucial role in many enzymatic reactions. However, scientists have only recently attempted to harness the power of hydrogen bonds in homogeneous catalytic systems. One of the newest directions is associated with attempts to control the properties of catalysts by influencing the "second coordination sphere" of metal complexes. The role H-bonding, and the building of stable supramolecular nanostructures due to intermolecular H-bonds, based on catalytic active heteroligand iron (Fe) or nickel (Ni) complexes formed during hydrocarbon oxidations were assessed via the AFM (Atomic-force microscopy) method, which was proposed and applied by authors of this manuscript. Th is article also discusses the roles of hydrogen bonds and supramolecular structures in oxidation reactions catalyzed by heteroligand Ni and Fe complexes, which are not only effective homogeneous catalysts but also structural and functional models of Oxygenases.

[Effects of smoking and tumor process on the contents of key proteins of apoptosis and activity of antioxidant enzymes in blood]

The effects of smoking on the contents of the apoptosis markers Bcl-2 and p53 proteins in blood plasma; the activity of the antioxidant (AO) enzymes Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GP), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and catalase; and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in erythrocytes from healthy donors and cancer patients were studied. Two groups of donors were revealed among healthy smokers: one with high SOD and GP activities and high Bcl-2 protein levels and the other with lower Bcl-2 levels compared with those found in nonsmokers. In the group of cancer patients (both smokers and nonsmokers), significantly increased p53 protein levels and increased activity of GST were found. A negative correlation between MDA and GST in the group of smoking healthy donors and a positive correlation between MDA and p53 in cancer patients were found. The results suggest a relationship between the components of enzymatic defence and lipid peroxidation and the content of apoptosis regulator proteins in healthy smokers and cancer patients.

[Impact of the antioxidant Phenozan and low dose radiation on the level of p53 and BCL-2 proteins of mice different lines]

The influence of the antioxidant Phenozan and 1.2 cGy gamma-radiation on the level of apoptotic proteins was determined for normal mice of F1 (CBA x C57BL) and leucosis AKR mice that are more sensitive to the irradiation. The constitutional level of p53 proteins in serum leucosis AKR mice was higher, than those in F1 (CBA x C57BL) mice, possible from accumulation of mutant p53 protein and viral infection of AKR mice. It was determined that injection of Phenozan in 10(-14) mol/kg and in 10(-4) mol/kg led to rising a p53 protein and bcl-2 protein level in serum and spleen in these line of mice, and lowering the number of double-strand breaks DNA spleen shown earlier. Common action Phenozan and 1.2 cGy gamma-radiation led to higher rising of p53 protein level than Phenozan only in F1 (CBA x C57BL) mice, stimulate possibly different pathway of p53 regulation. We assume that Phenozan can activate the reparation processes but not the processes of apoptosis in the cell and has a radioprotective properties.