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Videla LA, Valenzuela R, Zúñiga-Hernández J, Del Campo A. Relevant Aspects of Combined Protocols for Prevention of N(M)AFLD and Other Non-Communicable Diseases. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2400062. [PMID: 38506156 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202400062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Obesity is a global health issue characterized by the excessive fat accumulation, leading to an increased risk of chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), including metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), which can progress from simple steatosis to steatohepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Currently, there are no approved pharmacological protocols for prevention/treatment of MAFLD, and due the complexity lying beneath these mechanisms, monotherapies are unlikely to be efficacious. This review article analyzes the possibility that NCDs can be prevented or attenuated by the combination of bioactive substances, as they could promote higher response rates, maximum reaction results, additive or synergistic effects due to compounds having similar or different mechanisms of action and/or refraining possible side effects, related to the use of lower doses and exposures times than monotherapies. Accordingly, prevention of mouse MAFLD is observed with the combination of the omega-3 docosahexaenoic acid with the antioxidant hydroxytyrosol, whereas attenuation of mild cognitive impairment is attained by folic acid plus cobalamin in elderly patients. The existence of several drawbacks underlying published monotherapies or combined trials, opens space for adequate and stricter experimental and clinical tryouts to achieve meaningful outcomes with human applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis A Videla
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, 8380453, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Valenzuela
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, 8380453, Chile
| | - Jessica Zúñiga-Hernández
- Biomedical Sciences Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Talca, Talca, 3465548, Chile
| | - Andrea Del Campo
- Cellular Physiology and Bioenergetic Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago, 7820436, Chile
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2
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Videla LA, Valenzuela R, Del Campo A, Zúñiga-Hernández J. Omega-3 Lipid Mediators: Modulation of the M1/M2 Macrophage Phenotype and Its Protective Role in Chronic Liver Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15528. [PMID: 37958514 PMCID: PMC10647594 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The complex interplay between dietary factors, inflammation, and macrophage polarization is pivotal in the pathogenesis and progression of chronic liver diseases (CLDs). Omega-3 fatty acids (FAs) have brought in attention due to their potential to modulate inflammation and exert protective effects in various pathological conditions. Omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) have shown promise in mitigating inflammation and enhancing the resolution of inflammatory responses. They influence the M1/M2 macrophage phenotype balance, promoting a shift towards the M2 anti-inflammatory phenotype. Specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs), such as resolvins (Rvs), protectins (PDs), and maresins (MaRs), have emerged as potent regulators of inflammation and macrophage polarization. They show anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving properties, by modulating the expression of cytokines, facilitate the phagocytosis of apoptotic cells, and promote tissue repair. MaR1, in particular, has demonstrated significant hepatoprotective effects by promoting M2 macrophage polarization, reducing oxidative stress, and inhibiting key inflammatory pathways such as NF-κB. In the context of CLDs, such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and cirrhosis, omega-3s and their SPMs have shown promise in attenuating liver injury, promoting tissue regeneration, and modulating macrophage phenotypes. The aim of this article was to analyze the emerging role of omega-3 FAs and their SPMs in the context of macrophage polarization, with special interest in the mechanisms underlying their effects and their interactions with other cell types within the liver microenvironment, focused on CLDs and the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Alberto Videla
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile;
| | - Rodrigo Valenzuela
- Nutrition Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile;
| | - Andrea Del Campo
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Bioenergética Celular, Escuela de Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile;
| | - Jessica Zúñiga-Hernández
- Biomedical Sciences Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
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3
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Videla LA, Marimán A, Ramos B, José Silva M, Del Campo A. Standpoints in mitochondrial dysfunction: Underlying mechanisms in search of therapeutic strategies. Mitochondrion 2022; 63:9-22. [PMID: 34990812 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2021.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction has been defined as a reduced efficiency of mitochondria to produce ATP given by a loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, alterations in the electron transport chain (ETC) function, with increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and decrease in oxygen consumption. During the last decades, mitochondrial dysfunction has been the focus of many researchers as a convergent point for the pathophysiology of several diseases. Numerous investigations have demonstrated that mitochondrial dysfunction is detrimental to cells, tissues and organisms, nevertheless, dysfunctional mitochondria can signal in a particular way in response to stress, a characteristic that may be useful to search for new therapeutic strategies with a common feature. The aim of this review addresses mitochondrial dysfunction and stress signaling as a promising target for future drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis A Videla
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile.
| | - Andrea Marimán
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Bioenergética Celular, Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7810000, Chile
| | - Bastián Ramos
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Bioenergética Celular, Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7810000, Chile
| | - María José Silva
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Bioenergética Celular, Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7810000, Chile
| | - Andrea Del Campo
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Bioenergética Celular, Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7810000, Chile.
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4
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Del Campo A, Perez G, Castro PF, Parra V, Verdejo HE. Mitochondrial function, dynamics and quality control in the pathophysiology of HFpEF. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2021; 1867:166208. [PMID: 34214606 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2021.166208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is one of the leading causes of hospitalization for the adult population and a major cause of mortality worldwide. The HF syndrome is characterized by the heart's inability to supply the cardiac output required to meet the body's metabolic requirements or only at the expense of elevated filling pressures. HF without overt impairment of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was initially labeled as "diastolic HF" until recognizing the coexistence of both systolic and diastolic abnormalities in most cases. Acknowledging these findings, the preferred nomenclature is HF with preserved EF (HFpEF). This syndrome primarily affects the elderly population and is associated with a heterogeneous overlapping of comorbidities that makes its diagnosis challenging. Despite extensive research, there is still no evidence-based therapy for HFpEF, reinforcing the need for a thorough understanding of the pathophysiology underlying its onset and progression. The role of mitochondrial dysfunction in developing the pathophysiological changes that accompany HFpEF onset and progression (low-grade systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, and myocardial remodeling) has just begun to be acknowledged. This review summarizes our current understanding of the participation of the mitochondrial network in the pathogenesis of HFpEF, with particular emphasis on the signaling pathways involved, which may provide future therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Del Campo
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Bioenergética Celular, Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gonzalo Perez
- División de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo F Castro
- División de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Chile
| | - Valentina Parra
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Autophagy Research Center, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Network for the Study of High-lethality Cardiopulmonary Diseases (REECPAL), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Chile.
| | - Hugo E Verdejo
- División de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Chile.
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5
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Urbina-Varela R, Soto-Espinoza MI, Vargas R, Quiñones L, Del Campo A. Influence of BDNF Genetic Polymorphisms in the Pathophysiology of Aging-related Diseases. Aging Dis 2020; 11:1513-1526. [PMID: 33269104 PMCID: PMC7673859 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2020.0310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
For the first time in history, most of the population has a life expectancy equal or greater than 60 years. By the year 2050, it is expected that the world population in that age range will reach 2000 million, an increase of 900 million with respect to 2015, which poses new challenges for health systems. In this way, it is relevant to analyze the most common diseases associated with the aging process, namely Alzheimer´s disease, Parkinson Disease and Type II Diabetes, some of which may have a common genetic component that can be detected before manifesting, in order to delay their progress. Genetic inheritance and epigenetics are factors that could be linked in the development of these pathologies. Some researchers indicate that the BDNF gene is a common factor of these diseases, and apparently some of its polymorphisms favor the progression of them. In this regard, alterations in the level of BDNF expression and secretion, due to polymorphisms, could be linked to the development and/or progression of neurodegenerative and metabolic disorders. In this review we will deepen on the different polymorphisms in the BDNF gene and their possible association with age-related pathologies, to open the possibilities of potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Urbina-Varela
- 1Laboratorio de Fisiología y Bioenergética Celular, Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Romina Vargas
- 1Laboratorio de Fisiología y Bioenergética Celular, Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luis Quiñones
- 3Laboratorio de Carcinogenesis Química y Farmacogenética (CQF), Departamento de Oncología Básico-Clínica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile
| | - Andrea Del Campo
- 1Laboratorio de Fisiología y Bioenergética Celular, Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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6
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Díaz-Castro F, Monsalves-Álvarez M, Rojo LE, Del Campo A, Troncoso R. Mifepristone for Treatment of Metabolic Syndrome: Beyond Cushing's Syndrome. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:429. [PMID: 32390830 PMCID: PMC7193078 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A growing body of research indicates that cortisol, the glucocorticoid product of the activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, plays a role in the pathophysiology of metabolic syndrome. In this regard, chronic exposure to cortisol is associated with risk factors related to metabolic syndrome like weight gain, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, among others. Mifepristone is the only FDA-approved drug with antiglucocorticoids properties for improved the glycemic control in patients with type 2 patients secondary to endogenous Cushing’s syndrome. Mifepristone also have been shown positive effects in rodents models of diabetes and patients with obesity due to antipsychotic treatment. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. In this perspective, we summarized the literature regarding the beneficial effects of mifepristone in metabolic syndrome from animal studies to clinical research. Also, we propose a potential mechanism for the beneficial effects in insulin sensitivity which involved the regulation of mitochondrial function in muscle cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Díaz-Castro
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Nutrición y Actividad Física (LABINAF), Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología en Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Matías Monsalves-Álvarez
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Nutrición y Actividad Física (LABINAF), Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología en Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDIS), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Leonel E Rojo
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Centro de Biotecnología Acuícola, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrea Del Campo
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Troncoso
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Nutrición y Actividad Física (LABINAF), Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología en Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDIS), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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7
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Del Campo A, Contreras-Hernández I, Castro-Sepúlveda M, Campos CA, Figueroa R, Tevy MF, Eisner V, Casas M, Jaimovich E. Muscle function decline and mitochondria changes in middle age precede sarcopenia in mice. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 10:34-55. [PMID: 29302020 PMCID: PMC5811241 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Sarcopenia is the degenerative loss of muscle mass and strength with aging. Although a role of mitochondrial metabolism in muscle function and in the development of many diseases has been described, the role of mitochondrial topology and dynamics in the process of muscle aging is not fully understood. This work shows a time line of changes in both mitochondrial distribution and skeletal muscle function during mice lifespan. We isolated muscle fibers from flexor digitorum brevis of mice of different ages. A fusion-like phenotype of mitochondria, together with a change in orientation perpendicular to the fiber axis was evident in the Adult group compared to Juvenile and Older groups. Moreover, an increase in the contact area between sarcoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria was evident in the same group. Together with the morphological changes, mitochondrial Ca2+ resting levels were reduced at age 10-14 months and significantly increased in the Older group. This was consistent with a reduced number of mitochondria-to-jSR pairs in the Older group compared to the Juvenile. Our results support the idea of several age-dependent changes in mitochondria that are accentuated in midlife prior to a complete sarcopenic phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Del Campo
- Center for Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer, ICBM, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ignacio Contreras-Hernández
- Center for Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer, ICBM, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mauricio Castro-Sepúlveda
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristian A Campos
- Center for Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer, ICBM, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Reinaldo Figueroa
- Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Universidad Mayor de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - María Florencia Tevy
- Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Universidad Mayor de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Verónica Eisner
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mariana Casas
- Center for Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer, ICBM, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Physiology Program, ICBM, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Enrique Jaimovich
- Center for Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer, ICBM, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Sagarduy M, Courtois S, Del Campo A, Garmendia JM, Petrau A. Differential decay and prediction of persistence of Enterococcus spp. and Escherichia coli culturable cells and molecular markers in freshwater and seawater environments. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2019; 222:695-704. [PMID: 31097324 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2019.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
To quantify the impact of fecal pollution on the microbiological bathing water quality, predictive modeling is being increasingly used in which the decay rate of the fecal indicators plays an important role. The decay of sewage-sourced enterococci and Escherichia coli culturable cells and their associated molecular markers (16SrRNA) quantified by Quantitative Reverse transcription PCR were measured in controlled microcosms as well in in situ conditions using different water types, from marine waters to fresh waters with intermediate salinity. All bacterial decays were fitted to a first order decay model. In the laboratory study, the light radiation was the most influent factor affecting E. coli and enterococci survival by culture methods although environmental conditions weakly impacted the decay of molecular markers. The results also indicated differential persistence of genetic markers and culturable organisms of fecal indicator bacteria in different water systems. For each bacteria indicator and analytical method, four equations were obtained to predict the time required to have a 90% reduction (T90) according irradiance, salinity and temperature parameters. The weighted model RMSE (Root Mean Square Error) calculated for all field experiments showed that quantification obtained with the equations defined by laboratory-based study compared reasonably well with in-situ observed quantification (0.4 and 0.2 log by standard culture methods for E. coli and Enterococcus spp. and 0.6 and 0.3 log by RT-qPCR for E. coli and Enterococcus spp. respectively). The modeling tool can be used to predict the presence of fecal pollution in marine and fresh waters in combination with either culture based- or rapid molecular methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maialen Sagarduy
- Rivages Pro Tech, 2, Allée Théodore Monod, 64210, Bidart, France.
| | - Sophie Courtois
- Suez, CIRSEE, 38 rue du président Wilson, 78230, Le Pecq, France
| | - Andrea Del Campo
- AZTI Tecnalia, Herrera Kaia - Portualdea z/g, E-20110, Pasaia, Spain
| | | | - Agnès Petrau
- Rivages Pro Tech, 2, Allée Théodore Monod, 64210, Bidart, France
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Bernal-Sore I, Navarro-Marquez M, Osorio-Fuentealba C, Díaz-Castro F, Del Campo A, Donoso-Barraza C, Porras O, Lavandero S, Troncoso R. Mifepristone enhances insulin-stimulated Akt phosphorylation and glucose uptake in skeletal muscle cells. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2018; 461:277-283. [PMID: 28943275 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Mifepristone is the only FDA-approved drug for glycaemia control in patients with Cushing's syndrome and type 2 diabetes. Mifepristone also has beneficial effects in animal models of diabetes and patients with antipsychotic treatment-induced obesity. However, the mechanisms through which Mifepristone produces its beneficial effects are not completely elucidated. PURPOSE To determine the effects of mifepristone on insulin-stimulated glucose uptake on a model of L6 rat-derived skeletal muscle cells. RESULTS Mifepristone enhanced insulin-dependent glucose uptake, GLUT4 translocation to the plasma membrane and Akt Ser473 phosphorylation in L6 myotubes. In addition, mifepristone reduced oxygen consumption and ATP levels and increased AMPK Thr172 phosphorylation. The knockdown of AMPK prevented the effects of mifepristone on insulin response. CONCLUSIONS Mifepristone enhanced insulin-stimulated glucose uptake through a mechanism that involves a decrease in mitochondrial function and AMPK activation in skeletal muscle cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izela Bernal-Sore
- Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mario Navarro-Marquez
- Advanced Center for Chronic Disease (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - César Osorio-Fuentealba
- Departamento de Kinesiología, Universidad Metropolitana de Ciencias de la Educación, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile; Centro de Investigación y Estudio del Consumo de Alcohol en Adolescentes (CIAA), Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisco Díaz-Castro
- Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrea Del Campo
- Escuela de Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Ingeniería, Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Bernando O'Higgins, Santiago, Chile
| | - Camila Donoso-Barraza
- Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Omar Porras
- Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Centro de Investigación en Alimentos para el Bienestar en el Ciclo Vital (ABCvital), Universidad de Chile, Chile
| | - Sergio Lavandero
- Advanced Center for Chronic Disease (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology Division), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Rodrigo Troncoso
- Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Advanced Center for Chronic Disease (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Centro de Investigación en Alimentos para el Bienestar en el Ciclo Vital (ABCvital), Universidad de Chile, Chile.
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10
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Verdejo HE, Becerra E, Zalaquet R, Del Campo A, Garcia L, Troncoso R, Chiong M, Marin A, Castro PF, Lavandero S, Gabrielli L, Corbalán R. Atrial Function Assessed by Speckle Tracking Echocardiography Is a Good Predictor of Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation in Elderly Patients. Echocardiography 2015; 33:242-8. [PMID: 26394799 DOI: 10.1111/echo.13059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Advanced age is an independent predictor of postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery. We evaluated whether left atrial (LA) dysfunction assessed by strain contributes to identifying elderly patients prone to POAF. METHODS Case-control study of 70 subjects undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery. Clinical and laboratory characteristics were recorded at baseline and 72 hours after surgery. Echocardiography was performed during the preoperative period; LA dimensions and deformation by strain (systolic wave [LASs]) as well as strain rate (systolic wave [LASRs] and atrial contraction wave [LASRa]) were assessed. RESULTS Postoperative atrial fibrillation occurred in 38.5% of patients within the first 72 hours after surgery (28.5% of the younger vs. 48.6% of the older group). Baseline and postoperative inflammatory markers as well as total surgical and aortic clamp time were similar between groups. LA function was markedly impaired in subjects with POAF. Age correlated with LASs, LASRs, and LASRa. These associations remained consistent when subjects 75 years or older were considered separately. Both LASs and LASRa for patients with or without POAF, respectively, were significantly impaired in elderly subjects with POAF. Multivariate analysis provided further evidence that both LASs and age are independent predictors for POAF. CONCLUSION Age-related changes in atrial function preceding atrial dilation are evident only upon LA strain analysis. LA strain impairment is an independent predictor of POAF irrespective of age and may serve as a surrogate marker for biological processes involved in establishing the substrate for POAF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo E Verdejo
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Universidad de Chile & Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Elia Becerra
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Universidad de Chile & Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Center for Molecular Studies of the Cell, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ricardo Zalaquet
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrea Del Campo
- Center for Molecular Studies of the Cell, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Lorena Garcia
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Universidad de Chile & Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Center for Molecular Studies of the Cell, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Troncoso
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Universidad de Chile & Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Center for Molecular Studies of the Cell, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Nutrition Institute, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mario Chiong
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Universidad de Chile & Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Center for Molecular Studies of the Cell, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Arnaldo Marin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo F Castro
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Universidad de Chile & Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sergio Lavandero
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Universidad de Chile & Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Center for Molecular Studies of the Cell, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Luigi Gabrielli
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Universidad de Chile & Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ramón Corbalán
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Universidad de Chile & Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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11
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Pennanen C, Parra V, López-Crisosto C, Morales PE, Del Campo A, Gutierrez T, Rivera-Mejías P, Kuzmicic J, Chiong M, Zorzano A, Rothermel BA, Lavandero S. Mitochondrial fission is required for cardiomyocyte hypertrophy mediated by a Ca2+-calcineurin signaling pathway. J Cell Sci 2014; 127:2659-71. [PMID: 24777478 PMCID: PMC4058110 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.139394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Accepted: 03/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiomyocyte hypertrophy has been associated with diminished mitochondrial metabolism. Mitochondria are crucial organelles for the production of ATP, and their morphology and function are regulated by the dynamic processes of fusion and fission. The relationship between mitochondrial dynamics and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy is still poorly understood. Here, we show that treatment of cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes with the hypertrophic agonist norepinephrine promotes mitochondrial fission (characterized by a decrease in mitochondrial mean volume and an increase in the relative number of mitochondria per cell) and a decrease in mitochondrial function. We demonstrate that norepinephrine acts through α1-adrenergic receptors to increase cytoplasmic Ca(2+), activating calcineurin and promoting migration of the fission protein Drp1 (encoded by Dnml1) to mitochondria. Dominant-negative Drp1 (K38A) not only prevented mitochondrial fission, it also blocked hypertrophic growth of cardiomyocytes in response to norepinephrine. Remarkably, an antisense adenovirus against the fusion protein Mfn2 (AsMfn2) was sufficient to increase mitochondrial fission and stimulate a hypertrophic response without agonist treatment. Collectively, these results demonstrate the importance of mitochondrial dynamics in the development of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and metabolic remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Pennanen
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile Centro Estudios Moleculares de la Celula, Facultad Ciencias Quimicas y Farmaceuticas & Facultad Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile
| | - Valentina Parra
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile Centro Estudios Moleculares de la Celula, Facultad Ciencias Quimicas y Farmaceuticas & Facultad Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology Division), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235, USA
| | - Camila López-Crisosto
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile Centro Estudios Moleculares de la Celula, Facultad Ciencias Quimicas y Farmaceuticas & Facultad Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile
| | - Pablo E Morales
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile Centro Estudios Moleculares de la Celula, Facultad Ciencias Quimicas y Farmaceuticas & Facultad Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile
| | - Andrea Del Campo
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile Centro Estudios Moleculares de la Celula, Facultad Ciencias Quimicas y Farmaceuticas & Facultad Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile
| | - Tomás Gutierrez
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile Centro Estudios Moleculares de la Celula, Facultad Ciencias Quimicas y Farmaceuticas & Facultad Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile
| | - Pablo Rivera-Mejías
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile Centro Estudios Moleculares de la Celula, Facultad Ciencias Quimicas y Farmaceuticas & Facultad Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile
| | - Jovan Kuzmicic
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile Centro Estudios Moleculares de la Celula, Facultad Ciencias Quimicas y Farmaceuticas & Facultad Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile
| | - Mario Chiong
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile Centro Estudios Moleculares de la Celula, Facultad Ciencias Quimicas y Farmaceuticas & Facultad Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile
| | - Antonio Zorzano
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain Departamento de Bioquímica í Biología molecular, Facultat de Biología, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Beverly A Rothermel
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology Division), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235, USA
| | - Sergio Lavandero
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile Centro Estudios Moleculares de la Celula, Facultad Ciencias Quimicas y Farmaceuticas & Facultad Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology Division), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235, USA
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12
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Troncoso R, Vicencio JM, Parra V, Nemchenko A, Kawashima Y, Del Campo A, Toro B, Battiprolu PK, Aranguiz P, Chiong M, Yakar S, Gillette TG, Hill JA, Abel ED, Leroith D, Lavandero S. Energy-preserving effects of IGF-1 antagonize starvation-induced cardiac autophagy. Cardiovasc Res 2011; 93:320-9. [PMID: 22135164 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvr321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) is known to exert cardioprotective actions. However, it remains unknown if autophagy, a major adaptive response to nutritional stress, contributes to IGF-1-mediated cardioprotection. METHODS AND RESULTS We subjected cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes, as well as live mice, to nutritional stress and assessed cell death and autophagic rates. Nutritional stress induced by serum/glucose deprivation strongly induced autophagy and cell death, and both responses were inhibited by IGF-1. The Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway mediated the effects of IGF-1 upon autophagy. Importantly, starvation also decreased intracellular ATP levels and oxygen consumption leading to AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation; IGF-1 increased mitochondrial Ca(2+) uptake and mitochondrial respiration in nutrient-starved cells. IGF-1 also rescued ATP levels, reduced AMPK phosphorylation and increased p70(S6K) phosphorylation, which indicates that in addition to Akt/mTOR, IGF-1 inhibits autophagy by the AMPK/mTOR axis. In mice harbouring a liver-specific igf1 deletion, which dramatically reduces IGF-1 plasma levels, AMPK activity and autophagy were increased, and significant heart weight loss was observed in comparison with wild-type starved animals, revealing the importance of IGF-1 in maintaining cardiac adaptability to nutritional insults in vivo. CONCLUSION Our data support the cardioprotective actions of IGF-1, which, by rescuing the mitochondrial metabolism and the energetic state of cells, reduces cell death and controls the potentially harmful autophagic response to nutritional challenges. IGF-1, therefore, may prove beneficial to mitigate damage induced by excessive nutrient-related stress, including ischaemic disease in multiple tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Troncoso
- Centro de Estudios Moleculares de Célula, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 838-0492, Chile
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13
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Kuzmicic J, Del Campo A, López-Crisosto C, Morales PE, Pennanen C, Bravo-Sagua R, Hechenleitner J, Zepeda R, Castro PF, Verdejo HE, Parra V, Chiong M, Lavandero S. [Mitochondrial dynamics: a potential new therapeutic target for heart failure]. Rev Esp Cardiol 2011; 64:916-23. [PMID: 21820793 DOI: 10.1016/j.recesp.2011.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2011] [Accepted: 05/31/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are dynamic organelles able to vary their morphology between elongated interconnected mitochondrial networks and fragmented disconnected arrays, through events of mitochondrial fusion and fission, respectively. These events allow the transmission of signaling messengers and exchange of metabolites within the cell. They have also been implicated in a variety of biological processes including embryonic development, metabolism, apoptosis, and autophagy. Although the majority of these studies have been confined to noncardiac cells, emerging evidence suggests that changes in mitochondrial morphology could participate in cardiac development, the response to ischemia-reperfusion injury, heart failure, and diabetes mellitus. In this article, we review how the mitochondrial dynamics are altered in different cardiac pathologies, with special emphasis on heart failure, and how this knowledge may provide new therapeutic targets for treating cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jovan Kuzmicic
- Centro Estudios Moleculares de la Célula, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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14
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Verdejo H, Roldan J, Garcia L, Del Campo A, Becerra E, Chiong M, Mellado R, Garcia A, Zalaquett R, Braun S, Garayar B, Gonzalez S, Lavandero S, Corbalan R. Systemic vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 predicts the occurrence of post-operative atrial fibrillation. Int J Cardiol 2010; 150:270-6. [PMID: 20447702 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2010.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2009] [Revised: 01/28/2010] [Accepted: 04/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Post-operative atrial fibrillation occurs in 30% of patients after on-pump heart surgery and is associated to elevated inflammatory markers. We have evaluated if the systemic biomarkers of inflammation and endothelial damage, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and soluble thrombomodulin may help in identifying patients prone to development of post-operative atrial fibrillation. METHODS One hundred and forty-four patients in sinus rhythm submitted to elective coronary artery bypass surgery. Systemic inflammatory, oxidative stress and endothelial damage markers were measured at baseline and 72 h after surgery. During the procedure, a sample of the right atrial appendage was obtained for histochemistry. Electrocardiogram was monitored for 72 h after surgery for event adjudication. RESULTS 22% of the patients developed post-operative atrial fibrillation. Baseline systemic inflammatory markers did not differ between patients with or without post-operative atrial fibrillation. However, baseline plasma VCAM-1 and thrombomodulin levels were significantly higher in patients who developed post-operative atrial fibrillation. After adjustment for age, gender, comorbidities and concurrent medication, circulating VCAM-1 remained as an independent predictor for post-operative atrial fibrillation development. No association was observed between systemic plasma VCAM-1 and VCAM-1 tissue expression in the right atrial appendage. CONCLUSIONS In patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery, elevated VCAM-1 levels predict a higher risk for post-operative atrial fibrillation. Plasma VCAM-1 elevation is not related to its expression in the right atria, suggesting that systemic endothelial damage rather than local changes pre-exist in patients who develop the arrhythmia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Verdejo
- Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Chile
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