1
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Zuffa S, Schmid R, Bauermeister A, P Gomes PW, Caraballo-Rodriguez AM, El Abiead Y, Aron AT, Gentry EC, Zemlin J, Meehan MJ, Avalon NE, Cichewicz RH, Buzun E, Terrazas MC, Hsu CY, Oles R, Ayala AV, Zhao J, Chu H, Kuijpers MCM, Jackrel SL, Tugizimana F, Nephali LP, Dubery IA, Madala NE, Moreira EA, Costa-Lotufo LV, Lopes NP, Rezende-Teixeira P, Jimenez PC, Rimal B, Patterson AD, Traxler MF, Pessotti RDC, Alvarado-Villalobos D, Tamayo-Castillo G, Chaverri P, Escudero-Leyva E, Quiros-Guerrero LM, Bory AJ, Joubert J, Rutz A, Wolfender JL, Allard PM, Sichert A, Pontrelli S, Pullman BS, Bandeira N, Gerwick WH, Gindro K, Massana-Codina J, Wagner BC, Forchhammer K, Petras D, Aiosa N, Garg N, Liebeke M, Bourceau P, Kang KB, Gadhavi H, de Carvalho LPS, Silva Dos Santos M, Pérez-Lorente AI, Molina-Santiago C, Romero D, Franke R, Brönstrup M, Vera Ponce de León A, Pope PB, La Rosa SL, La Barbera G, Roager HM, Laursen MF, Hammerle F, Siewert B, Peintner U, Licona-Cassani C, Rodriguez-Orduña L, Rampler E, Hildebrand F, Koellensperger G, Schoeny H, Hohenwallner K, Panzenboeck L, Gregor R, O'Neill EC, Roxborough ET, Odoi J, Bale NJ, Ding S, Sinninghe Damsté JS, Guan XL, Cui JJ, Ju KS, Silva DB, Silva FMR, da Silva GF, Koolen HHF, Grundmann C, Clement JA, Mohimani H, Broders K, McPhail KL, Ober-Singleton SE, Rath CM, McDonald D, Knight R, Wang M, Dorrestein PC. microbeMASST: a taxonomically informed mass spectrometry search tool for microbial metabolomics data. Nat Microbiol 2024; 9:336-345. [PMID: 38316926 PMCID: PMC10847041 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-023-01575-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
microbeMASST, a taxonomically informed mass spectrometry (MS) search tool, tackles limited microbial metabolite annotation in untargeted metabolomics experiments. Leveraging a curated database of >60,000 microbial monocultures, users can search known and unknown MS/MS spectra and link them to their respective microbial producers via MS/MS fragmentation patterns. Identification of microbe-derived metabolites and relative producers without a priori knowledge will vastly enhance the understanding of microorganisms' role in ecology and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Zuffa
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Robin Schmid
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Anelize Bauermeister
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo Wender P Gomes
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Andres M Caraballo-Rodriguez
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Yasin El Abiead
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Allegra T Aron
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Emily C Gentry
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Jasmine Zemlin
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Michael J Meehan
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Nicole E Avalon
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Robert H Cichewicz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
| | - Ekaterina Buzun
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Marvic Carrillo Terrazas
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Chia-Yun Hsu
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Renee Oles
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Adriana Vasquez Ayala
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Jiaqi Zhao
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Hiutung Chu
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
- Center for Mucosal Immunology, Allergy, and Vaccines (cMAV), Chiba University-University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Mirte C M Kuijpers
- Department of Ecology, Behavior and Evolution, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Sara L Jackrel
- Department of Ecology, Behavior and Evolution, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Fidele Tugizimana
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
- International Research and Development, Omnia Nutriology, Omnia Group (Pty) Ltd, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Lerato Pertunia Nephali
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Ian A Dubery
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Ntakadzeni Edwin Madala
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Agriculture and Engineering, University of Venda, Thohoyandou, South Africa
| | - Eduarda Antunes Moreira
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leticia Veras Costa-Lotufo
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Norberto Peporine Lopes
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paula Rezende-Teixeira
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paula C Jimenez
- Department of Marine Science, Institute of Marine Science, Federal University of São Paulo, Santos, Brazil
| | - Bipin Rimal
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Andrew D Patterson
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Matthew F Traxler
- Plant and Microbial Biology, College of Natural Resources, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Rita de Cassia Pessotti
- Plant and Microbial Biology, College of Natural Resources, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Daniel Alvarado-Villalobos
- Metabolomics and Chemical Profiling, Centro de Investigaciones en Productos Naturales (CIPRONA), Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Giselle Tamayo-Castillo
- Metabolomics and Chemical Profiling, Centro de Investigaciones en Productos Naturales (CIPRONA), Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
- Escuela de Química, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Priscila Chaverri
- Microbial Biotechnology, Centro de Investigaciones en Productos Naturales (CIPRONA) and Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
- Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
- Department of Natural Sciences, Bowie State University, Bowie, MD, USA
| | - Efrain Escudero-Leyva
- Microbial Biotechnology, Centro de Investigaciones en Productos Naturales (CIPRONA), Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Luis-Manuel Quiros-Guerrero
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Alexandre Jean Bory
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Juliette Joubert
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Adriano Rutz
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Luc Wolfender
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Pierre-Marie Allard
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Sichert
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sammy Pontrelli
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin S Pullman
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Nuno Bandeira
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - William H Gerwick
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Katia Gindro
- Plant Protection, Mycology group, Agroscope, Nyon, Switzerland
| | | | - Berenike C Wagner
- Department of Microbiology and Organismic Interactions, Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Karl Forchhammer
- Department of Microbiology and Organismic Interactions, Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Daniel Petras
- Cluster of Excellence 'Controlling Microbes to Fight Infections' (CMFI), University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Nicole Aiosa
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Neha Garg
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Center for Microbial Dynamics and Infection, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Manuel Liebeke
- Department of Symbiosis, Metabolic Interactions, Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany
- Department for Metabolomics, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Patric Bourceau
- Department of Symbiosis, Metabolic Interactions, Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany
| | - Kyo Bin Kang
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Henna Gadhavi
- Mycobacterial Metabolism and Antibiotic Research Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- King's College London, London, UK
| | - Luiz Pedro Sorio de Carvalho
- Mycobacterial Metabolism and Antibiotic Research Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- Chemistry Department, The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation and Technology, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | | | - Alicia Isabel Pérez-Lorente
- Department of Microbiology, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea 'La Mayora', Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Bulevar Louis Pasteur (Campus Universitario de Teatinos), Malaga, Spain
| | - Carlos Molina-Santiago
- Department of Microbiology, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea 'La Mayora', Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Bulevar Louis Pasteur (Campus Universitario de Teatinos), Malaga, Spain
| | - Diego Romero
- Department of Microbiology, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea 'La Mayora', Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Bulevar Louis Pasteur (Campus Universitario de Teatinos), Malaga, Spain
| | - Raimo Franke
- Department of Chemical Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Mark Brönstrup
- Department of Chemical Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Site Hannover-Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Arturo Vera Ponce de León
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Phillip Byron Pope
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
- Faculty of Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Sabina Leanti La Rosa
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
- Faculty of Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Giorgia La Barbera
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Henrik M Roager
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | | | - Fabian Hammerle
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Bianka Siewert
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ursula Peintner
- Department of Microbiology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Cuauhtemoc Licona-Cassani
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Centro de Biotecnología FEMSA, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Lorena Rodriguez-Orduña
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Centro de Biotecnología FEMSA, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Evelyn Rampler
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Felina Hildebrand
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Doctoral School in Chemistry (DoSChem), Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gunda Koellensperger
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Metabolomics Center (VIME), University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Harald Schoeny
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Katharina Hohenwallner
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Doctoral School in Chemistry (DoSChem), Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lisa Panzenboeck
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Doctoral School in Chemistry (DoSChem), Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rachel Gregor
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Jane Odoi
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Nicole J Bale
- Department of Marine Microbiology and Biogeochemistry, Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ), t Horntje (Texel), the Netherlands
| | - Su Ding
- Department of Marine Microbiology and Biogeochemistry, Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ), t Horntje (Texel), the Netherlands
| | - Jaap S Sinninghe Damsté
- Department of Marine Microbiology and Biogeochemistry, Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ), t Horntje (Texel), the Netherlands
| | - Xue Li Guan
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jerry J Cui
- Department of Microbiology, College of Arts and Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kou-San Ju
- Department of Microbiology, College of Arts and Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Center for Applied Plant Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Infectious Diseases Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Denise Brentan Silva
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food and Nutrition, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Motta Ribeiro Silva
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food and Nutrition, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Hector H F Koolen
- Escola Superior de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Carlismari Grundmann
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | | | - Hosein Mohimani
- Computational Biology Department, School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kirk Broders
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Mycotoxin Prevention and Applied Microbiology Research Unit, Peoria, IL, USA
| | - Kerry L McPhail
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Sidnee E Ober-Singleton
- Department of Physics, Study of Heavy-Element-Biomaterials, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
| | | | - Daniel McDonald
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Rob Knight
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Mingxun Wang
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Pieter C Dorrestein
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
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Clerc EE, Raina JB, Keegstra JM, Landry Z, Pontrelli S, Alcolombri U, Lambert BS, Anelli V, Vincent F, Masdeu-Navarro M, Sichert A, De Schaetzen F, Sauer U, Simó R, Hehemann JH, Vardi A, Seymour JR, Stocker R. Strong chemotaxis by marine bacteria towards polysaccharides is enhanced by the abundant organosulfur compound DMSP. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8080. [PMID: 38057294 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43143-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability of marine bacteria to direct their movement in response to chemical gradients influences inter-species interactions, nutrient turnover, and ecosystem productivity. While many bacteria are chemotactic towards small metabolites, marine organic matter is predominantly composed of large molecules and polymers. Yet, the signalling role of these large molecules is largely unknown. Using in situ and laboratory-based chemotaxis assays, we show that marine bacteria are strongly attracted to the abundant algal polysaccharides laminarin and alginate. Unexpectedly, these polysaccharides elicited stronger chemoattraction than their oligo- and monosaccharide constituents. Furthermore, chemotaxis towards laminarin was strongly enhanced by dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP), another ubiquitous algal-derived metabolite. Our results indicate that DMSP acts as a methyl donor for marine bacteria, increasing their gradient detection capacity and facilitating their access to polysaccharide patches. We demonstrate that marine bacteria are capable of strong chemotaxis towards large soluble polysaccharides and uncover a new ecological role for DMSP in enhancing this attraction. These navigation behaviours may contribute to the rapid turnover of polymers in the ocean, with important consequences for marine carbon cycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estelle E Clerc
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Johannes M Keegstra
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Zachary Landry
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sammy Pontrelli
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Uria Alcolombri
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute for Life Sciences, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Bennett S Lambert
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Valerio Anelli
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Flora Vincent
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Developmental Biology Unit, European Molecular Biological Laboratory, Heidelberg, 69117, Germany
| | | | - Andreas Sichert
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany
| | - Frédéric De Schaetzen
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Uwe Sauer
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Rafel Simó
- Institut de Ciències del Mar, CSIC, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | | | - Assaf Vardi
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Justin R Seymour
- Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
| | - Roman Stocker
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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3
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Zuffa S, Schmid R, Bauermeister A, Gomes PWP, Caraballo-Rodriguez AM, Abiead YE, Aron AT, Gentry EC, Zemlin J, Meehan MJ, Avalon NE, Cichewicz RH, Buzun E, Terrazas MC, Hsu CY, Oles R, Ayala AV, Zhao J, Chu H, Kuijpers MCM, Jackrel SL, Tugizimana F, Nephali LP, Dubery IA, Madala NE, Moreira EA, Costa-Lotufo LV, Lopes NP, Rezende-Teixeira P, Jimenez PC, Rimal B, Patterson AD, Traxler MF, de Cassia Pessotti R, Alvarado-Villalobos D, Tamayo-Castillo G, Chaverri P, Escudero-Leyva E, Quiros-Guerrero LM, Bory AJ, Joubert J, Rutz A, Wolfender JL, Allard PM, Sichert A, Pontrelli S, Pullman BS, Bandeira N, Gerwick WH, Gindro K, Massana-Codina J, Wagner BC, Forchhammer K, Petras D, Aiosa N, Garg N, Liebeke M, Bourceau P, Kang KB, Gadhavi H, de Carvalho LPS, dos Santos MS, Pérez-Lorente AI, Molina-Santiago C, Romero D, Franke R, Brönstrup M, de León AVP, Pope PB, Rosa SLL, Barbera GL, Roager HM, Laursen MF, Hammerle F, Siewert B, Peintner U, Licona-Cassani C, Rodriguez-Orduña L, Rampler E, Hildebrand F, Koellensperger G, Schoeny H, Hohenwallner K, Panzenboeck L, Gregor R, O’Neill EC, Roxborough ET, Odoi J, Bale NJ, Ding S, Sinninghe Damsté JS, Guan XL, Cui JJ, Ju KS, Silva DB, Silva FMR, da Silva GF, Koolen HHF, Grundmann C, Clement JA, Mohimani H, Broders K, McPhail KL, Ober-Singleton SE, Rath CM, McDonald D, Knight R, Wang M, Dorrestein PC. A Taxonomically-informed Mass Spectrometry Search Tool for Microbial Metabolomics Data. Res Sq 2023:rs.3.rs-3189768. [PMID: 37577622 PMCID: PMC10418563 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3189768/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
MicrobeMASST, a taxonomically-informed mass spectrometry (MS) search tool, tackles limited microbial metabolite annotation in untargeted metabolomics experiments. Leveraging a curated database of >60,000 microbial monocultures, users can search known and unknown MS/MS spectra and link them to their respective microbial producers via MS/MS fragmentation patterns. Identification of microbial-derived metabolites and relative producers, without a priori knowledge, will vastly enhance the understanding of microorganisms' role in ecology and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Zuffa
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., San Diego, CA, 92093, United States
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., San Diego, CA, 92093, United States
| | - Robin Schmid
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., San Diego, CA, 92093, United States
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., San Diego, CA, 92093, United States
| | - Anelize Bauermeister
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., San Diego, CA, 92093, United States
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., San Diego, CA, 92093, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Lineu Prestes 1524, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Paulo Wender P. Gomes
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., San Diego, CA, 92093, United States
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., San Diego, CA, 92093, United States
| | - Andres M. Caraballo-Rodriguez
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., San Diego, CA, 92093, United States
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., San Diego, CA, 92093, United States
| | - Yasin El Abiead
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., San Diego, CA, 92093, United States
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., San Diego, CA, 92093, United States
| | - Allegra T. Aron
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Denver, Denver, CO, 80210, United States
| | - Emily C. Gentry
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, United States
| | - Jasmine Zemlin
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., San Diego, CA, 92093, United States
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., San Diego, CA, 92093, United States
| | - Michael J. Meehan
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., San Diego, CA, 92093, United States
| | - Nicole E. Avalon
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA, 92093, United States
| | - Robert H. Cichewicz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Oklahoma, 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, OK, 73019, United States
| | - Ekaterina Buzun
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., San Diego, CA, 92093, United States
| | - Marvic Carrillo Terrazas
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., San Diego, CA, 92093, United States
| | - Chia-Yun Hsu
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., San Diego, CA, 92093, United States
| | - Renee Oles
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., San Diego, CA, 92093, United States
| | - Adriana Vasquez Ayala
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., San Diego, CA, 92093, United States
| | - Jiaqi Zhao
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., San Diego, CA, 92093, United States
| | - Hiutung Chu
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., San Diego, CA, 92093, United States
- Center for Mucosal Immunology, Allergy, and Vaccines (cMAV), Chiba University-University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., San Diego, CA, 92093, United States
| | - Mirte C. M. Kuijpers
- Department of Ecology, Behavior and Evolution, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., San Diego, CA, 92093, United States
| | - Sara L. Jackrel
- Department of Ecology, Behavior and Evolution, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., San Diego, CA, 92093, United States
| | - Fidele Tugizimana
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, Johannesburg, Gauteng, 2006, South Africa
- International Research and Development, Omnia Nutriology, Omnia Group (Pty) Ltd, 178 Montecasino Boulevard, Fourways, Johannesburg, Gauteng, 2191, South Africa
| | - Lerato Pertunia Nephali
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, Johannesburg, Gauteng, 2006, South Africa
| | - Ian A. Dubery
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, Johannesburg, Gauteng, 2006, South Africa
| | - Ntakadzeni Edwin Madala
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Agriculture and Engineering, University of Venda, Private Bag X5050, Thohoyandou, Limpopo, 950, South Africa
| | - Eduarda Antunes Moreira
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Leticia Veras Costa-Lotufo
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Lineu Prestes 1524, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Norberto Peporine Lopes
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Paula Rezende-Teixeira
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Lineu Prestes 1524, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Paula C. Jimenez
- Department of Marine Science, Institute of Marine Science, Federal University of São Paulo, Rua Carvalho de Mendonça, 144, Santos, SP, 11070-100, Brazil
| | - Bipin Rimal
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, 319 Life Sciences Building, University Park, PA, 16802, United States
| | - Andrew D. Patterson
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, 320 Life Sciences Building, University Park, PA, 16802, United States
| | - Matthew F. Traxler
- Plant and Microbial Biology, College of Natural Resources, University of California Berkeley, 311 Koshland Hall, Berkeley, CA, 94270, United States
| | - Rita de Cassia Pessotti
- Plant and Microbial Biology, College of Natural Resources, University of California Berkeley, 311 Koshland Hall, Berkeley, CA, 94270, United States
| | - Daniel Alvarado-Villalobos
- Metabolomics & Chemical Profiling, Centro de Investigaciones en Productos Naturales (CIPRONA), Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro de Montes de Oca, San José, 2061, Costa Rica
| | - Giselle Tamayo-Castillo
- Metabolomics & Chemical Profiling, Centro de Investigaciones en Productos Naturales (CIPRONA), Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro de Montes de Oca, San José, 2061, Costa Rica
- Escuela de Química, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro de Montes de Oca, San José, 2061, Costa Rica
| | - Priscila Chaverri
- Microbial Biotechnology, Centro de Investigaciones en Productos Naturales (CIPRONA) & Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro de Montes de Oca, San José, 2061, Costa Rica
- Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro de Montes de Oca, San José, 2061, Costa Rica
- Department of Natural Sciences, Bowie State University, Bowie, Maryland, 20715, United States
| | - Efrain Escudero-Leyva
- Microbial Biotechnology, Centro de Investigaciones en Productos Naturales (CIPRONA), Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro de Montes de Oca, San José, 2061, Costa Rica
| | - Luis-Manuel Quiros-Guerrero
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Rue Michel-Servet 1, Genève, GE, 1206, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Rue Michel-Servet 1, Genève, GE, 1206, Switzerland
| | - Alexandre Jean Bory
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Rue Michel-Servet 1, Genève, GE, 1206, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Rue Michel-Servet 1, Genève, GE, 1206, Switzerland
| | - Juliette Joubert
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Rue Michel-Servet 1, Genève, GE, 1206, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Rue Michel-Servet 1, Genève, GE, 1206, Switzerland
| | - Adriano Rutz
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Rue Michel-Servet 1, Genève, GE, 1206, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Rue Michel-Servet 1, Genève, GE, 1206, Switzerland
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, Otto-Stern-Weg 3, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Luc Wolfender
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Rue Michel-Servet 1, Genève, GE, 1206, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Rue Michel-Servet 1, Genève, GE, 1206, Switzerland
| | - Pierre-Marie Allard
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Rue Michel-Servet 1, Genève, GE, 1206, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Rue Michel-Servet 1, Genève, GE, 1206, Switzerland
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée, 10, Fribourg, FR, 1700, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Sichert
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, Otto-Stern-Weg 3, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland
| | - Sammy Pontrelli
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, Otto-Stern-Weg 3, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin S Pullman
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., San Diego, CA, 92093, United States
| | - Nuno Bandeira
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., San Diego, CA, 92093, United States
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., San Diego, CA, 92093, United States
| | - William H. Gerwick
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., San Diego, CA, 92093, United States
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., San Diego, CA, 92093, United States
| | - Katia Gindro
- Plant Protection, Mycology group, Agroscope, Rte de Duillier, 50, Nyon, VD, 1260, Switzerland
| | - Josep Massana-Codina
- Plant Protection, Mycology group, Agroscope, Rte de Duillier, 50, Nyon, VD, 1260, Switzerland
| | - Berenike C. Wagner
- Department of Microbiology and Organismic Interactions, Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine, University of Tuebingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 28, Tuebingen, 72076, Germany
| | - Karl Forchhammer
- Department of Microbiology and Organismic Interactions, Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine, University of Tuebingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 28, Tuebingen, 72076, Germany
| | - Daniel Petras
- Cluster of Excellence “Controlling Microbes to Fight Infections” (CMFI), University of Tuebingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 24, Tuebingen, 72076, Germany
| | - Nicole Aiosa
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 950 Atlantic Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30332, United States
| | - Neha Garg
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 950 Atlantic Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30332, United States
- Center for Microbial Dynamics and Infection, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30332, United States
| | - Manuel Liebeke
- Department of Symbiosis, Metabolic Interactions, Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstrasse 1, Bremen, 28359, Germany
| | - Patric Bourceau
- Department of Symbiosis, Metabolic Interactions, Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstrasse 1, Bremen, 28359, Germany
| | - Kyo Bin Kang
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women’s University, Cheongpa-ro 47 gil 100, Seoul, 04310, Korea
| | - Henna Gadhavi
- Mycobacterial Metabolism and Antibiotic Research Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
- King’s College London, Strand, London, WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Luiz Pedro Sorio de Carvalho
- Mycobacterial Metabolism and Antibiotic Research Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
- Chemistry Department, The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology, 110 Scripps Way, Jupiter, FL, 33458, United States
| | - Mariana Silva dos Santos
- Metabolomics Science Technology Platform, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Alicia Isabel Pérez-Lorente
- Department of Microbiology, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea ‘‘La Mayora’’, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Bulevar Louis Pasteur (Campus Universitario de Teatinos), Málaga, Málaga, 29071, Spain
| | - Carlos Molina-Santiago
- Department of Microbiology, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea ‘‘La Mayora’’, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Bulevar Louis Pasteur (Campus Universitario de Teatinos), Málaga, Málaga, 29071, Spain
| | - Diego Romero
- Department of Microbiology, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea ‘‘La Mayora’’, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Bulevar Louis Pasteur (Campus Universitario de Teatinos), Málaga, Málaga, 29071, Spain
| | - Raimo Franke
- Department of Chemical Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstraße 7, Braunschweig, 38124, Germany
| | - Mark Brönstrup
- Department of Chemical Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstraße 7, Braunschweig, 38124, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Site Hannover-Braunschweig, Braunschweig, 38124, Germany
| | - Arturo Vera Ponce de León
- Faculty of Chemistry, BIotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Postboks 5003, Ås, 1433, Norway
| | - Phillip Byron Pope
- Faculty of Chemistry, BIotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Postboks 5003, Ås, 1433, Norway
- Faculty of Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Postboks 5003, Ås, 1433, Norway
| | - Sabina Leanti La Rosa
- Faculty of Chemistry, BIotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Postboks 5003, Ås, 1433, Norway
| | - Giorgia La Barbera
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, Frederiksberg, 1958, Denmark
| | - Henrik M. Roager
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, Frederiksberg, 1958, Denmark
| | - Martin Frederik Laursen
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet B202, Lyngby, 2800, Denmark
| | - Fabian Hammerle
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, Innsbruck, 6020, Austria
| | - Bianka Siewert
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, Innsbruck, 6020, Austria
| | - Ursula Peintner
- Department of Microbiology, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstr. 25, Innsbruck, 6020, Austria
| | - Cuauhtemoc Licona-Cassani
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Centro de Biotecnología FEMSA, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, 64849, Mexico
| | - Lorena Rodriguez-Orduña
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Centro de Biotecnología FEMSA, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, 64849, Mexico
| | - Evelyn Rampler
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Str. 38, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Felina Hildebrand
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Str. 38, Vienna, 1090, Austria
- Vienna Doctoral School in Chemistry (DoSChem), Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Str. 42, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Gunda Koellensperger
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Str. 38, Vienna, 1090, Austria
- Vienna Metabolomics Center (VIME), University of Vienna, Althanstr. 14,, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Harald Schoeny
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Str. 38, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Katharina Hohenwallner
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Str. 38, Vienna, 1090, Austria
- Vienna Doctoral School in Chemistry (DoSChem), Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Str. 42, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Lisa Panzenboeck
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Str. 38, Vienna, 1090, Austria
- Vienna Doctoral School in Chemistry (DoSChem), Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Str. 42, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Rachel Gregor
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA, 02142, United States
| | - Ellis Charles O’Neill
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG72RD, UK
| | | | - Jane Odoi
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG72RD, UK
| | - Nicole J. Bale
- Department of Marine Microbiology and Biogeochemistry, Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ), Landsdiep 4, t Horntje (Texel), 1797 SZ, Netherlands
| | - Su Ding
- Department of Marine Microbiology and Biogeochemistry, Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ), Landsdiep 4, t Horntje (Texel), 1797 SZ, Netherlands
| | - Jaap S. Sinninghe Damsté
- Department of Marine Microbiology and Biogeochemistry, Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ), Landsdiep 4, t Horntje (Texel), 1797 SZ, Netherlands
| | - Xueli Li Guan
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 59 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, Singapore, 636921, Singapore
| | - Jerry J. Cui
- Department of Microbiology, College of Arts and Sciences, The Ohio State University, 484 W. 12th Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, United States
| | - Kou-San Ju
- Department of Microbiology, College of Arts and Sciences, The Ohio State University, 484 W. 12th Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, United States
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 484 W. 12th Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, United States
- Center for Applied Plant Sciences, The Ohio State University, 484 W. 12th Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, United States
- Infectious Diseases Institute, The Ohio State University, 484 W. 12th Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, United States
| | - Denise Brentan Silva
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food and Nutrition, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Av. Costa e Silva, s/n, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Motta Ribeiro Silva
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food and Nutrition, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Av. Costa e Silva, s/n, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil
| | | | - Hector H. F. Koolen
- Escola Superior de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, 1777 Carvalho Leal Avenue, Manaus, AM, 69065-001, Brazil
| | - Carlismari Grundmann
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Jason A. Clement
- Baruch S. Blumberg Institute, 3805 Old Easton Rd., Doylestown, PA, 18902, United States
| | - Hosein Mohimani
- Computational Biology Department, School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, United States
| | - Kirk Broders
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Mycotoxin Prevention and Applied Microbiology Research Unit, 1815 N. University, Peoria, IL, 61604, United States
| | - Kerry L. McPhail
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Weniger Hall, room 341, Corvallis, OR, 97331, United States
| | - Sidnee E. Ober-Singleton
- Department of Physics, Study of Heavy-Element-Biomaterials, University of Oregon, 1255 E 13th Ave, Basement, Eugene, OR, 97402, United States
| | | | - Daniel McDonald
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., San Diego, CA, 92093, United States
| | - Rob Knight
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., San Diego, CA, 92093, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., San Diego, CA, 92093, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., San Diego, CA, 92093, United States
| | - Mingxun Wang
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California Riverside, 900 University Ave., Riverside, CA, 92521, United States
| | - Pieter C. Dorrestein
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., San Diego, CA, 92093, United States
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., San Diego, CA, 92093, United States
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4
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Vincent F, Gralka M, Schleyer G, Schatz D, Cabrera-Brufau M, Kuhlisch C, Sichert A, Vidal-Melgosa S, Mayers K, Barak-Gavish N, Flores JM, Masdeu-Navarro M, Egge JK, Larsen A, Hehemann JH, Marrasé C, Simó R, Cordero OX, Vardi A. Viral infection switches the balance between bacterial and eukaryotic recyclers of organic matter during coccolithophore blooms. Nat Commun 2023; 14:510. [PMID: 36720878 PMCID: PMC9889395 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36049-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Algal blooms are hotspots of marine primary production and play central roles in microbial ecology and global elemental cycling. Upon demise of the bloom, organic carbon is partly respired and partly transferred to either higher trophic levels, bacterial biomass production or sinking. Viral infection can lead to bloom termination, but its impact on the fate of carbon remains largely unquantified. Here, we characterize the interplay between viral infection and the composition of a bloom-associated microbiome and consequently the evolving biogeochemical landscape, by conducting a large-scale mesocosm experiment where we monitor seven induced coccolithophore blooms. The blooms show different degrees of viral infection and reveal that only high levels of viral infection are followed by significant shifts in the composition of free-living bacterial and eukaryotic assemblages. Intriguingly, upon viral infection the biomass of eukaryotic heterotrophs (thraustochytrids) rivals that of bacteria as potential recyclers of organic matter. By combining modeling and quantification of active viral infection at a single-cell resolution, we estimate that viral infection causes a 2-4 fold increase in per-cell rates of extracellular carbon release in the form of acidic polysaccharides and particulate inorganic carbon, two major contributors to carbon sinking into the deep ocean. These results reveal the impact of viral infection on the fate of carbon through microbial recyclers of organic matter in large-scale coccolithophore blooms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flora Vincent
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, 7610001, Rehovot, Israel.,Developmental Biology Unit, European Molecular Biological Laboratory, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matti Gralka
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, 02145, MA, USA.,Systems Biology Lab, Amsterdam Institute for Life and Environment (A-Life)/Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Guy Schleyer
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, 7610001, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Daniella Schatz
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, 7610001, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | - Constanze Kuhlisch
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, 7610001, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Andreas Sichert
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, 02145, MA, USA.,Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Silvia Vidal-Melgosa
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, 28359, Bremen, Germany.,Center for Marine Environmental Sciences (MARUM), University of Bremen, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Kyle Mayers
- NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, 5008, Bergen, Norway
| | - Noa Barak-Gavish
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, 7610001, Rehovot, Israel
| | - J Michel Flores
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, 7610001, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | - Jorun Karin Egge
- Department of Biological Sciences (BIO), University of Bergen, 5020, Bergen, Norway
| | - Aud Larsen
- NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, 5008, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Biological Sciences (BIO), University of Bergen, 5020, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jan-Hendrik Hehemann
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, 28359, Bremen, Germany.,Center for Marine Environmental Sciences (MARUM), University of Bremen, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Celia Marrasé
- Institut de Ciències del Mar, CSIC, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafel Simó
- Institut de Ciències del Mar, CSIC, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Otto X Cordero
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, 02145, MA, USA
| | - Assaf Vardi
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, 7610001, Rehovot, Israel.
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5
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Abstract
Microbes have the unique ability to break down the complex polysaccharides that make up the bulk of organic matter, initiating a cascade of events that leads to their recycling. Traditionally, the rate of organic matter degradation is perceived to be limited by the chemical and physical structure of polymers. Recent advances in microbial ecology, however, suggest that polysaccharide persistence can result from non-linear growth dynamics created by the coexistence of alternate degradation strategies, metabolic roles as well as by ecological interactions between microbes. This complex "landscape" of degradation strategies and interspecific interactions present in natural microbial communities appears to be far from evolutionarily stable, as frequent gene gain and loss reshape enzymatic repertoires and metabolic roles. In this perspective, we discuss six challenges at the heart of this problem, ranging from the evolution of genetic repertoires, phenotypic heterogeneity in clonal populations, the development of a trait-based ecology, and the impact of metabolic interactions and microbial cooperation on degradation rates. We aim to reframe some of the key questions in the study of polysaccharide-bacteria interactions in the context of eco-evolutionary dynamics, highlighting possible research directions that, if pursued, would advance our understanding of polysaccharide degraders at the interface between biochemistry, ecology and evolution.
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6
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Sichert A, Le Gall S, Klau LJ, Laillet B, Rogniaux H, Aachmann FL, Hehemann JH. Ion-exchange purification and structural characterization of five sulfated fucoidans from brown algae. Glycobiology 2021; 31:352-357. [PMID: 32651947 PMCID: PMC8091464 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwaa064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Fucoidans are a diverse class of sulfated polysaccharides integral to the cell wall of brown algae, and due to their various bioactivities, they are potential drugs. Standardized work with fucoidans is required for structure-function studies, but remains challenging since available fucoidan preparations are often contaminated with other algal compounds. Additionally, fucoidans are structurally diverse depending on species and season, urging the need for standardized purification protocols. Here, we use ion-exchange chromatography to purify different fucoidans and found a high structural diversity between fucoidans. Ion-exchange chromatography efficiently removes the polysaccharides alginate and laminarin and other contaminants such as proteins and phlorotannins across a broad range of fucoidans from major brown algal orders including Ectocarpales, Laminariales and Fucales. By monomer composition, linkage analysis and NMR characterization, we identified galacturonic acid, glucuronic acid and O-acetylation as new structural features of certain fucoidans and provided a novel structure of fucoidan from Durvillaea potatorum with α-1,3-linked fucose backbone and β-1,6 and β-1,3 galactose branches. This study emphasizes the use of standardized ion-exchange chromatography to obtain defined fucoidans for subsequent molecular studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Sichert
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, 28359 Bremen, Germany
- University of Bremen, Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, MARUM, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Sophie Le Gall
- INRAE, UR BIA (Biopolymers Interactions Assemblies), F-44316 Nantes, France
- INRAE, BIBS Facility, F-44316 Nantes, France
| | - Leesa Jane Klau
- Norwegian Biopolymer Laboratory (NOBIPOL), Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Brigitte Laillet
- INRAE, UR BIA (Biopolymers Interactions Assemblies), F-44316 Nantes, France
| | - Hélène Rogniaux
- INRAE, UR BIA (Biopolymers Interactions Assemblies), F-44316 Nantes, France
- INRAE, BIBS Facility, F-44316 Nantes, France
| | - Finn Lillelund Aachmann
- Norwegian Biopolymer Laboratory (NOBIPOL), Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jan-Hendrik Hehemann
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, 28359 Bremen, Germany
- University of Bremen, Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, MARUM, 28359 Bremen, Germany
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7
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Vidal-Melgosa S, Sichert A, Francis TB, Bartosik D, Niggemann J, Wichels A, Willats WGT, Fuchs BM, Teeling H, Becher D, Schweder T, Amann R, Hehemann JH. Diatom fucan polysaccharide precipitates carbon during algal blooms. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1150. [PMID: 33608542 PMCID: PMC7896085 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21009-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The formation of sinking particles in the ocean, which promote carbon sequestration into deeper water and sediments, involves algal polysaccharides acting as an adhesive, binding together molecules, cells and minerals. These as yet unidentified adhesive polysaccharides must resist degradation by bacterial enzymes or else they dissolve and particles disassemble before exporting carbon. Here, using monoclonal antibodies as analytical tools, we trace the abundance of 27 polysaccharide epitopes in dissolved and particulate organic matter during a series of diatom blooms in the North Sea, and discover a fucose-containing sulphated polysaccharide (FCSP) that resists enzymatic degradation, accumulates and aggregates. Previously only known as a macroalgal polysaccharide, we find FCSP to be secreted by several globally abundant diatom species including the genera Chaetoceros and Thalassiosira. These findings provide evidence for a novel polysaccharide candidate to contribute to carbon sequestration in the ocean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Vidal-Melgosa
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, 28359, Bremen, Germany.,University of Bremen, Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, MARUM, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Andreas Sichert
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, 28359, Bremen, Germany.,University of Bremen, Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, MARUM, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - T Ben Francis
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Daniel Bartosik
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Greifswald, 17489, Greifswald, Germany.,Institute of Marine Biotechnology, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Jutta Niggemann
- University of Oldenburg, Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, 26129, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Antje Wichels
- Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Research, Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, 27498, Helgoland, Germany
| | - William G T Willats
- Newcastle University, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Bernhard M Fuchs
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Hanno Teeling
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Dörte Becher
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Greifswald, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Thomas Schweder
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Greifswald, 17489, Greifswald, Germany.,Institute of Marine Biotechnology, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Rudolf Amann
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Jan-Hendrik Hehemann
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, 28359, Bremen, Germany. .,University of Bremen, Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, MARUM, 28359, Bremen, Germany.
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8
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Sichert A, Corzett CH, Schechter MS, Unfried F, Markert S, Becher D, Fernandez-Guerra A, Liebeke M, Schweder T, Polz MF, Hehemann JH. Verrucomicrobia use hundreds of enzymes to digest the algal polysaccharide fucoidan. Nat Microbiol 2020; 5:1026-1039. [PMID: 32451471 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-020-0720-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Brown algae are important players in the global carbon cycle by fixing carbon dioxide into 1 Gt of biomass annually, yet the fate of fucoidan-their major cell wall polysaccharide-remains poorly understood. Microbial degradation of fucoidans is slower than that of other polysaccharides, suggesting that fucoidans are more recalcitrant and may sequester carbon in the ocean. This may be due to the complex, branched and highly sulfated structure of fucoidans, which also varies among species of brown algae. Here, we show that 'Lentimonas' sp. CC4, belonging to the Verrucomicrobia, acquired a remarkably complex machinery for the degradation of six different fucoidans. The strain accumulated 284 putative fucoidanases, including glycoside hydrolases, sulfatases and carbohydrate esterases, which are primarily located on a 0.89-megabase pair plasmid. Proteomics reveals that these enzymes assemble into substrate-specific pathways requiring about 100 enzymes per fucoidan from different species of brown algae. These enzymes depolymerize fucoidan into fucose, which is metabolized in a proteome-costly bacterial microcompartment that spatially constrains the metabolism of the toxic intermediate lactaldehyde. Marine metagenomes and microbial genomes show that Verrucomicrobia including 'Lentimonas' are abundant and highly specialized degraders of fucoidans and other complex polysaccharides. Overall, the complexity of the pathways underscores why fucoidans are probably recalcitrant and more slowly degraded, since only highly specialized organisms can effectively degrade them in the ocean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Sichert
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany
- Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, MARUM, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Christopher H Corzett
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Molecular and Computational Biology Section, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Frank Unfried
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Stephanie Markert
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Dörte Becher
- Microbial Proteomics, Institute of Microbiology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Antonio Fernandez-Guerra
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany
- Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, MARUM, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
- Lundbeck Foundation GeoGenetics Centre, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Manuel Liebeke
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany
| | - Thomas Schweder
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Martin F Polz
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Division of Microbial Ecology, Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jan-Hendrik Hehemann
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany.
- Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, MARUM, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany.
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9
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Volpi M, Lomstein BA, Sichert A, Røy H, Jørgensen BB, Kjeldsen KU. Identity, Abundance, and Reactivation Kinetics of Thermophilic Fermentative Endospores in Cold Marine Sediment and Seawater. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:131. [PMID: 28220111 PMCID: PMC5292427 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cold marine sediments harbor endospores of fermentative and sulfate-reducing, thermophilic bacteria. These dormant populations of endospores are believed to accumulate in the seabed via passive dispersal by ocean currents followed by sedimentation from the water column. However, the magnitude of this process is poorly understood because the endospores present in seawater were so far not identified, and only the abundance of thermophilic sulfate-reducing endospores in the seabed has been quantified. We investigated the distribution of thermophilic fermentative endospores (TFEs) in water column and sediment of Aarhus Bay, Denmark, to test the role of suspended dispersal and determine the rate of endospore deposition and the endospore abundance in the sediment. We furthermore aimed to determine the time course of reactivation of the germinating TFEs. TFEs were induced to germinate and grow by incubating pasteurized sediment and water samples anaerobically at 50°C. We observed a sudden release of the endospore component dipicolinic acid immediately upon incubation suggesting fast endospore reactivation in response to heating. Volatile fatty acids (VFAs) and H2 began to accumulate exponentially after 3.5 h of incubation showing that reactivation was followed by a short phase of outgrowth before germinated cells began to divide. Thermophilic fermenters were mainly present in the sediment as endospores because the rate of VFA accumulation was identical in pasteurized and non-pasteurized samples. Germinating TFEs were identified taxonomically by reverse transcription, PCR amplification and sequencing of 16S rRNA. The water column and sediment shared the same phylotypes, thereby confirming the potential for seawater dispersal. The abundance of TFEs was estimated by most probable number enumeration, rates of VFA production, and released amounts of dipicolinic acid during germination. The surface sediment contained ∼105-106 inducible TFEs cm-3. TFEs thus outnumber thermophilic sulfate-reducing endospores by an order of magnitude. The abundance of cultivable TFEs decreased exponentially with sediment depth with a half-life of 350 years. We estimate that 6 × 109 anaerobic thermophilic endospores are deposited on the seafloor per m2 per year in Aarhus Bay, and that these thermophiles represent >10% of the total endospore community in the surface sediment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Volpi
- Center for Geomicrobiology, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus UniversityAarhus, Denmark
| | | | | | | | | | - Kasper U. Kjeldsen
- Center for Geomicrobiology, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus UniversityAarhus, Denmark
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