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Deptuła P, Łysik D, Pogoda K, Cieśluk M, Namiot A, Mystkowska J, Król G, Głuszek S, Janmey PA, Bucki R. Tissue Rheology as a Possible Complementary Procedure to Advance Histological Diagnosis of Colon Cancer. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:5620-5631. [PMID: 33062848 PMCID: PMC7549092 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c00975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
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In recent years,
rheological measurements of cells and tissues
at physiological and pathological stages have become an essential
method to determine how forces and changes in mechanical properties
contribute to disease development and progression, but there is no
standardization of this procedure so far. In this study, we evaluate
the potential of nanoscale atomic force microscopy (AFM) and macroscopic
shear rheometry to assess the mechanical properties of healthy and
cancerous human colon tissues. The direct comparison of tissue mechanical
behavior under uniaxial and shear deformation shows that cancerous
tissues not only are stiffer compared to healthy tissue but also respond
differently when shear and compressive stresses are applied. These
results suggest that rheological parameters can be useful measures
of colon cancer mechanopathology. Additionally, we extend the list
of biological materials exhibiting compressional stiffening and shear
weakening effects to human colon tumors. These mechanical responses
might be promising mechanomarkers and become part of the new procedures
in colon cancer diagnosis. Enrichment of histopathological grading
with rheological assessment of tissue mechanical properties will potentially
allow more accurate colon cancer diagnosis and improve prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Deptuła
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Dawid Łysik
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Bialystok University of Technology, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Pogoda
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland
| | - Mateusz Cieśluk
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Andrzej Namiot
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-230 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Joanna Mystkowska
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Bialystok University of Technology, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Król
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-516 Kielce, Poland
| | - Stanisław Głuszek
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-369 Kielce, Poland.,Clinic for General, Oncologic and Endocrine Surgery, Regional Hospital, 25-736 Kielce, Poland
| | - Paul A Janmey
- Institute for Medicine and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States.,Departments of Physiology and Physics & Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Robert Bucki
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland
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Piktel E, Wnorowska U, Cieśluk M, Deptuła P, Prasad SV, Król G, Durnaś B, Namiot A, Markiewicz KH, Niemirowicz-Laskowska K, Wilczewska AZ, Janmey PA, Reszeć J, Bucki R. Recombinant Human Plasma Gelsolin Stimulates Phagocytosis while Diminishing Excessive Inflammatory Responses in Mice with Pseudomonas aeruginosa Sepsis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072551. [PMID: 32272559 PMCID: PMC7177774 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasma gelsolin (pGSN) is a highly conserved abundant circulating protein, characterized by diverse immunomodulatory activities including macrophage activation and the ability to neutralize pro-inflammatory molecules produced by the host and pathogen. Using a murine model of Gram-negative sepsis initiated by the peritoneal instillation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Xen 5, we observed a decrease in the tissue uptake of IRDye®800CW 2-deoxyglucose, an indicator of inflammation, and a decrease in bacterial growth from ascitic fluid in mice treated with intravenous recombinant human plasma gelsolin (pGSN) compared to the control vehicle. Pretreatment of the murine macrophage line RAW264.7 with pGSN, followed by addition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Xen 5, resulted in a dose-dependent increase in the proportion of macrophages with internalized bacteria. This increased uptake was less pronounced when cells were pretreated with pGSN and then centrifuged to remove unbound pGSN before addition of bacteria to macrophages. These observations suggest that recombinant plasma gelsolin can modulate the inflammatory response while at the same time augmenting host antibacterial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Piktel
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2c, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (E.P.); (U.W.); (M.C.); (P.D.); (S.V.P.); (K.N.-L.)
| | - Urszula Wnorowska
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2c, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (E.P.); (U.W.); (M.C.); (P.D.); (S.V.P.); (K.N.-L.)
| | - Mateusz Cieśluk
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2c, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (E.P.); (U.W.); (M.C.); (P.D.); (S.V.P.); (K.N.-L.)
| | - Piotr Deptuła
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2c, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (E.P.); (U.W.); (M.C.); (P.D.); (S.V.P.); (K.N.-L.)
| | - Suhanya V. Prasad
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2c, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (E.P.); (U.W.); (M.C.); (P.D.); (S.V.P.); (K.N.-L.)
| | - Grzegorz Król
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences of the Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, Stefana Żeromskiego 5, 25-001 Kielce, Poland; (G.K.); (B.D.)
| | - Bonita Durnaś
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences of the Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, Stefana Żeromskiego 5, 25-001 Kielce, Poland; (G.K.); (B.D.)
| | - Andrzej Namiot
- Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2b, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Karolina H. Markiewicz
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Białystok, Ciołkowskiego 1K, 15-245 Bialystok, Poland; (K.H.M.); (A.Z.W.)
| | - Katarzyna Niemirowicz-Laskowska
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2c, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (E.P.); (U.W.); (M.C.); (P.D.); (S.V.P.); (K.N.-L.)
| | - Agnieszka Z. Wilczewska
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Białystok, Ciołkowskiego 1K, 15-245 Bialystok, Poland; (K.H.M.); (A.Z.W.)
| | - Paul A. Janmey
- Institute for Medicine and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, 3340 Smith Walk, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
| | - Joanna Reszeć
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona 13, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Robert Bucki
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2c, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (E.P.); (U.W.); (M.C.); (P.D.); (S.V.P.); (K.N.-L.)
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences of the Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, Stefana Żeromskiego 5, 25-001 Kielce, Poland; (G.K.); (B.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-748-54-93
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Litwiejko-Pietryńczak E, Szkudlarek M, Niemcunowicz-Janica A, Namiot A, Klim B, Łaskowski P, Dzięcioł J. Histological assessment of myocardium in lethal ethanol intoxication. Kardiol Pol 2015. [DOI: 10.5603/kp.a2015.0065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Litwiejko-Pietryńczak E, Szkudlarek M, Niemcunowicz-Janica A, Namiot A, Klim B, Łaskowski P, Dzięcioł J. Histological assessment of myocardium in lethal ethanol intoxication. Kardiol Pol 2015; 73:644-649. [PMID: 26528526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathological mechanism of sudden death in healthy persons following incidental ethanol intoxication has not yet been fully elucidated and might be underlain by cardiogenic causes. AIM Histological assessment of the myocardium in lethal ethanol intoxication. The analysis was based on a histological assessment of specimens of the myocardium obtained from the hearts of 30 deceased males within the age range 29-45 years. METHODS The material for the study was taken from the myocardium of the anterior wall of the left ventricle and interventricular septum of the heart. The fixation material was first examined according to the standard histological procedure and subsequently subjected to a morphometric examination, which assessed the number of cardiomyocytes, their area, circumference, and circular deviation. RESULTS The examination showed an increase in the area and circumference of cardiomyocytes, as well as fragmentation and segmentation of cardiomyocytes with a significant enlargement of cell nuclei. Additionally, it revealed the presence of lymphocytic cells in several cases.Conclusions: The obtained findings indicate a harmful influence of alcohol on the myocardium.
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Byfield FJ, Kowalski M, Cruz K, Leszczyńska K, Namiot A, Savage PB, Bucki R, Janmey PA. Cathelicidin LL-37 Increases Lung Epithelial Cell Stiffness, Decreases Transepithelial Permeability, and Prevents Epithelial Invasion byPseudomonas aeruginosa. J I 2011; 187:6402-9. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1102185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Leszczyńska K, Namiot A, Cruz K, Byfield FJ, Won E, Mendez G, Sokołowski W, Savage PB, Bucki R, Janmey PA. Potential of ceragenin CSA-13 and its mixture with pluronic F-127 as treatment of topical bacterial infections. J Appl Microbiol 2010; 110:229-38. [PMID: 20961363 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2010.04874.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Ceragenin CSA-13 is a synthetic mimic of cationic antibacterial peptides, with facial amphiphilic morphology reproduced using a cholic acid scaffold. Previous data have shown that this molecule displays broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, which decreases in the presence of blood plasma. However, at higher concentrations, CSA-13 can cause lysis of erythrocytes. This study was designed to assess in vitro antibacterial and haemolytic activity of CSA-13 in the presence of pluronic F-127. METHODS AND RESULTS CSA-13 bactericidal activity against clinical strains of bacteria associated with topical infections and in an experimental setting relevant to their pathophysiological environment, such as various epithelial tissue fluids and the airway sputum of patients suffering from cystic fibrosis (CF), was evaluated using minimum inhibitory and minimum bactericidal concentration (MIC/MBC) measurements and bacterial killing assays. We found that in the presence of pluronic F-127, CSA-13 antibacterial activity was only slightly decreased, but CSA-13 haemolytic activity was significantly inhibited. CSA-13 exhibits bacterial killing activity against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, including methicillin-resistant strains, Pseudomonas aeruginosa present in CF sputa, and biofilms formed by different Gram (+) and Gram (-) bacteria. CSA-13 bactericidal action is partially compromised in the presence of plasma, but is maintained in ascites, cerebrospinal fluid, saliva, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. The synergistic action of CSA-13, determined by the use of a standard checkerboard assay, reveals an increase in CSA-13 antibacterial activity in the presence of host defence molecules such as the cathelicidin LL-37 peptide, lysozyme, lactoferrin and secretory phospholipase A (sPLA). CONCLUSION These results suggest that CSA-13 may be useful to prevent and treat topical infection. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Combined application of CSA-13 with pluronic F-127 may be beneficial by reducing CSA-13 toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Leszczyńska
- Department of Diagnostic Microbiology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
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Abstract
The increasing number of infections caused by drug-resistant bacteria has spurred efforts to develop new therapeutic strategies. When applied locally, exogenous antibiotics work in an environment rich in endogenous antibacterial molecules such as the cathelicidin peptide LL-37, which has increased expression at infection sites because of the stimulatory effects of bacterial wall products on neutrophils and other cell types. To test for possible additive effects of exogenous and endogenous antibacterial agents, we evaluated the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) to assess the antibacterial activity of amoxicillin with clavulanic acid (AMC), tetracycline (T), erythromycin (E) and amikacin (AN) against different clinical isolates of Staphyloccocus aureus in combination with synthetic LL-37. These studies revealed that the antibacterial activity of AMC was strongly potentiated when added in combination with LL-37. However, in the presence of LL-37, we did not observe any decrease in the MIC values of T and E, particularly against methicillin-resistant S. aureus and macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B (MLS(B))(+)/β-lactamase (+) strains, indicating a lack of synergistic action between these molecules. Interaction between exogenous antibiotics and host antibacterial molecules should be considered to provide optimal treatment, especially in cases of topical infections accompanied by increasing expression of host antibacterial molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Leszczyńska
- Department of Diagnostic Microbiology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
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Masson C, Plat J, Mensink R, Namiot A, Kisielewski W, Namiot Z, Füllekrug J, Ehehalt R, Glatz J, Pelsers M. Fatty Acid- and Cholesterol Transporter Protein Expression along the Human Intestinal Tract. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosissup.2010.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Masson CJ, Plat J, Mensink RP, Namiot A, Kisielewski W, Namiot Z, Füllekrug J, Ehehalt R, Glatz JFC, Pelsers MMAL. Fatty acid- and cholesterol transporter protein expression along the human intestinal tract. PLoS One 2010; 5:e10380. [PMID: 20454462 PMCID: PMC2861623 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0010380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2009] [Accepted: 04/07/2010] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Protein distribution profiles along the human intestinal tract of transporters involved in the absorption of cholesterol and long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) have been scarcely evaluated. Methodology/Principal Findings In post-mortem samples from 11 subjects, intestinal transporter distribution profiles were determined via Western Blot. Differences in transporter protein levels were statistically tested using ANOVA and Tukey's Post Hoc comparisons. Levels in all segments were expressed relative to those in duodenum. Except for ABCG5 and FATP4, levels (mean±SEM) were the highest in the ileum. For ABCA1, ileal levels (1.80±0.26) differed significantly from those in duodenum (P = 0.049) and proximal colon (0.92±0.14; P = 0.029). ABCG8 levels in ileum (1.91±0.30) differed from those in duodenum (P = 0.041) and distal colon (0.84±0.22; P = 0.010) and jejunum (1.64±0.26) tended to be higher than distal colon (0.84±0.22; P = 0.087). Ileal NPC1L1 levels (2.56±0.51) differed from duodenum levels (P = 0.019) and from distal colon (1.09±0.22; P = 0.030). There was also a trend (P = 0.098) for higher jejunal (2.23±0.37) than duodenal NPC1L1 levels. The levels of ABCG5 did not correlate with those of ABCG8. FAT/CD36 levels in ileum (2.03±0.42) differed from those in duodenum (P = 0.017), and proximal and distal colon (0.89±0.13 and 0.97±0.15 respectively; P = 0.011 and P = 0.014). FABPpm levels in ileum (1.04±0.13) differed from proximal (0.64±0.07; P = 0.026) and distal colon (0.66±0.09; P = 0.037). Conclusions/Significance The distribution profiles showed a bell-shape pattern along the GI-tract with the highest levels in ileum for ABCA1, ABCG8, NPC1L1, FATCD36 and FABPm, suggesting a prominent role for ileum in transporter-mediated uptake of cholesterol and LCFAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiaan J. Masson
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jogchum Plat
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ronald P. Mensink
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Andrzej Namiot
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Wojciech Kisielewski
- Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Namiot
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Joachim Füllekrug
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Robert Ehehalt
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jan F. C. Glatz
- Department of Molecular Genetics, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Maurice M. A. L. Pelsers
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
The antimicrobial peptide LL-37 is the only known member of the cathelicidin family of peptides expressed in humans. LL-37 is a multifunctional host defense molecule essential for normal immune responses to infection and tissue injury. LL-37 peptide is a potent killer of different microorganisms with the ability to prevent immunostimulatory effects of bacterial wall molecules such as lipopolysaccharide and can therefore protect against lethal endotoxemia. Additional reported activities of LL-37 include chemoattractant function, inhibition of neutrophil apoptosis, and stimulation of angiogenesis, tissue regeneration, and cytokine release (e.g. IL-8). Cellular production of LL-37 is affected by multiple factors, including bacterial products, host cytokines, availability of oxygen, and sun exposure through the activation of CAP-18 gene expression by vitamin D(3). At infection sites, the function of LL-37 can be inhibited by charge-driven interactions with DNA and F-actin released from dead neutrophils and other cells lysed as the result of inflammation. A better understanding of LL-37's biological properties is necessary for its possible therapeutic application for immunomodulatory purposes as well as in treating bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Bucki
- Institute for Medicine and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, 1010 Vagelos Research Laboratories, 3340 Smith Walk, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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Leszczyńska K, Namiot A, Fein DE, Wen Q, Namiot Z, Savage PB, Diamond S, Janmey PA, Bucki R. Bactericidal activities of the cationic steroid CSA-13 and the cathelicidin peptide LL-37 against Helicobacter pylori in simulated gastric juice. BMC Microbiol 2009; 9:187. [PMID: 19728885 PMCID: PMC2748089 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2180-9-187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2009] [Accepted: 09/03/2009] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The worldwide appearance of drug-resistant strains of H. pylori motivates a search for new agents with therapeutic potential against this family of bacteria that colonizes the stomach, and is associated with adenocarcinoma development. This study was designed to assess in vitro the anti-H. pylori potential of cathelicidin LL-37 peptide, which is naturally present in gastric juice, its optimized synthetic analog WLBU2, and the non-peptide antibacterial agent ceragenin CSA-13. RESULTS In agreement with previous studies, increased expression of hCAP-18/LL-37 was observed in gastric mucosa obtained from H. pylori infected subjects. MBC (minimum bactericidal concentration) values determined in nutrient-containing media range from 100-800 microg/ml for LL-37, 17.8-142 microg/ml for WLBU2 and 0.275-8.9 microg/ml for ceragenin CSA-13. These data indicate substantial, but widely differing antibacterial activities against clinical isolates of H. pylori. After incubation in simulated gastric juice (low pH with presence of pepsin) CSA-13, but not LL-37 or WLBU2, retained antibacterial activity. Compared to LL-37 and WLBU2 peptides, CSA-13 activity was also more resistant to inhibition by isolated host gastric mucins. CONCLUSION These data indicate that cholic acid-based antimicrobial agents such as CSA-13 resist proteolytic degradation and inhibition by mucin and have potential for treatment of H. pylori infections, including those caused by the clarithromycin and/or metronidazole-resistant strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Leszczyńska
- Department of Diagnostic Microbiology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-230 Bialystok, Poland.
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Namiot A, Kemona A, Namiot Z. Smoking habit and gastritis histology. Adv Med Sci 2007; 52:191-195. [PMID: 18217417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Long-term cigarette smoking may increase the risk of digestive tract pathologies, however, what is the influence smoking habit on gastric mucosa histology is still poorly elicited. The aim of the study was to compare histological evaluation of gastritis in smoker and non-smoker groups. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 236 patients of various H. pylori status (109 infected, 127 non-infected), clinical diagnosis (107 duodenal ulcer disease, 129 dyspepsia), and smoking habit (92 smokers, 144 non-smokers) were included. Subjects were classified as smokers if they smoked 5 or more cigarettes per day for at least 3 years. A histological examination of endoscopically obtained samples was performed by two experienced pathomorphologists blinded to the diagnoses and smoking habit. Microscopic slices of the gastric mucosa were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and Giemsa. Apart from histological diagnosis, H. pylori status was additionally confirmed by an urease test (CLO-test) at least in one of two gastric locations (antrum or corpus). RESULTS In the H. pylori infected population, H. pylori density, neutrophils, and mononuclear cells infiltration in the gastric corpus mucosa were lower in smokers than non-smokers, while in the antrum the differences were not significant. In the non-infected population, no significant differences in neutrophils and mononuclear cells infiltration between smokers and non-smokers were found. CONCLUSIONS Since the significant differences in studied parameters of chronic gastritis between smokers and non-smokers were found in the corpus mucosa of H. pylori infected subjects, smoking should be taken into account when a histological evaluation of the gastric mucosa in the H. pylori infected population is performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Namiot
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland.
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Pelsers MMAL, Namiot Z, Kisielewski W, Namiot A, Januszkiewicz M, Hermens WT, Glatz JFC. Intestinal-type and liver-type fatty acid-binding protein in the intestine. Tissue distribution and clinical utility. Clin Biochem 2004; 36:529-35. [PMID: 14563446 DOI: 10.1016/s0009-9120(03)00096-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 244] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Intestinal-type fatty acid-binding protein (I-FABP) has been proposed as plasma marker for the detection of acute intestinal injury. However, intestinal mucosa also expresses liver-type FABP (L-FABP). We have investigated the tissue distribution of I-FABP and L-FABP in segments of the human intestine along the duodenal to colonal axis and the potential of both proteins to serve as plasma marker for the diagnosis of intestinal injury. DESIGN AND METHODS I-FABP and L-FABP were measured with specific immunoassays in autopsy samples of the intestine (duodenum, jejunum, ileum and colon) of 23 subjects and in plasma samples from patients (n = 51) with intestinal and/or hepatic disease. Plasma reference values were established in normal healthy individuals (n = 92). RESULTS The I-FABP tissue contents in duodenum, jejunum, ileum, proximal colon and distal colon amounted to 2.22, 4.79, 1.04, 0.27 and 0.25 mug/g ww, respectively. L-FABP tissue contents were markedly higher, amounting to 124 and 198 mug/g ww in duodenum and jejunum, and to 58, 26 and 44 mug/g ww in ileum, proximal colon and distal colon, respectively. Elevated plasma levels of both I-FABP and L-FABP were found in patients suffering from intestinal diseases, while only L-FABP was increased in cases of purely hepatocellular injury. CONCLUSIONS I-FABP and L-FABP show a similar pattern of tissue distribution along the duodenal to colonal axis with highest tissue contents found in the jejunum but in each intestinal segment a >40-fold higher content of L-FABP than of I-FABP. Accordingly, besides I-FABP, also L-FABP is a useful plasma marker for the detection of intestinal injury, especially in patients undergoing intestinal surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurice M A L Pelsers
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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Pelsers MM, Namiot Z, Kisielewski W, Namiot A, Januszkiewicz M, Hermens WT, Glatz JF. Intestinal-type and liver-type fatty acid-binding protein in the intestine. Tissue distribution and clinical utility. Clin Biochem 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-9120%2803%2900096-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Namiot A, Namiot Z, Stasiewicz J, Kemona A, Górski J. Mucosal adenosine deaminase activity and gastritis histology: a comparative study of partially resected and intact stomachs. Med Sci Monit 2003; 9:CR24-8. [PMID: 12552246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adenosine deaminase is an enzyme which is postulated to have a role in the generation of gastric mucosal inflammation. The aim of our study was to determine and compare adenosine deaminase activity in the gastric mucosa of patients with chronic gastritis developed in partially resected and intact stomachs. MATERIAL/METHODS 182 patients were studied, 102 non-operated and 80 after distal gastric resection. Biopsy specimens were taken endoscopically from the gastric mucosa 2 cm proximal to the stoma or corresponding upper third of the intact stomach. Gastritis was classified according to the Sydney system. The activity of adenosine deaminase in the mucosal homogenates was measured by determination of ammonia liberated from the substrate and expressed in nmol NH3/mg protein/min. RESULTS Adenosine deaminase activity was lower in partially resected than in intact stomachs, regardless of Helicobacter pylori infection. While no difference was found in adenosine deaminase activity between Billroth I and Billroth II procedures in subjects without H. pylori infection, the activity was lower in those with Billroth II procedure in the presence of H. pylori infection. As the severity of gastritis increased, enzyme activity decreased in the mucosa of the intact stomach, but was not significantly altered in the mucosa of the gastric remnant. CONCLUSIONS Adenosine deaminase activity differs in intact and partially resected stomachs, but it does not appear to be a factor promoting chronic gastritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Namiot
- Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Medical University, Białystok, Poland
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Namiot Z, Namiot A, Kemona A, Stasiewicz J, Górski J. Adenosine deaminase activity in the gastric mucosa of duodenal ulcer patients in relation to the severity of chronic gastritis and gastric acid secretion. Rocz Akad Med Bialymst 2002; 46:309-16. [PMID: 11780574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Earlier reports suggested that adenosine deaminase activity in the gastric corpus mucosa depends upon either gastric acid secretion or severity of chronic gastritis. Knowing that gastric acid secretion corresponds well with histological status of the gastric mucosa, the aim of this study was to determine the enzyme activity in relation to these two factors evaluated simultaneously. The study was conducted on Helicobacter pylori positive duodenal ulcer patients treated for two weeks with either omeprazole alone or omeprazole in combination with amoxycillin and tinidazole. It was found that these two therapeutic regimens decreased adenosine deaminase activity only in the gastric corpus mucosa and a decline was more deeper in patients on omeprazole monotherapy. Moreover, omeprazole monotherapy inhibited completely basal gastric acid secretion and did not change the severity of chronic gastritis, while omeprazole-based eradication therapy decreased both the gastric acid secretion and severity of chronic gastritis. One month after completion of eradication therapy adenosine deaminase activity returned to the pretreatment values but severity of chronic gastritis decreased further. The results of the present study indicate that adenosine deaminase activity in the gastric corpus mucosa depends primarily upon gastric acid secretion but not upon the severity of Helicobacter pylori associated chronic gastritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Namiot
- Department of Medicine & Gastroenterology, J. Sniadecki District Hospital, Department of Physiology, Medical Academy of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
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Namiot Z, Stasiewicz J, Namiot A, Kemona A, Kralisz M, Górski J. Adenosine deaminase activity in patients with the intestinal type of gastric carcinoma. Cancer Lett 1996; 109:199-202. [PMID: 9020921 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3835(96)04445-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Adenosine deaminase activity was studied in tissue slices taken endoscopically from gastric mucosa of patients with the intestinal type of gastric carcinoma. The enzyme activity was measured in mucosal homogenates by determination of ammonia liberated from substrate during 10-min incubation. It was found that: (1) the enzyme activity of de novo gastric cancer was significantly lower than that of recurrent cancer of the gastric remnant; and (2) the enzyme activity of uninvaded gastric mucosa surrounding the neoplastic lesion of non-operated stomach was significantly lower than of the gastric mucosa of partially resected stomach due to malignancy. Since the enzyme activity in gastric cancer and surrounding uninvaded gastric mucosa correlated well with the advance of neoplastic disease estimated by ultrasonography examination, we speculate that some systemic factors associated with tumor progression might be implicated in the regulation of adenosine deaminase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Namiot
- Department of Gastroenterology, J. Sniadecki's Regional Hospital, Bialystok, Poland
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Namiot Z, Namiot A, Stasiewicz J, Marcinkiewicz M, Jaroszewicz W, Górski J. Mucosal adenosine deaminase activity and stump ulcer healing. J Physiol Pharmacol 1995; 46:233-8. [PMID: 7670131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Adenosine deaminase activity was studied in endoscopically taken slices from gastric mucosa in patient after partial gastric resection performed due to complicated duodenal ulcer, and currently with peptic ulcer in the stump. The samples of gastric mucosa were taken before and after 6 weeks of treatment with ranitidine, 150 mg twice daily, at a distance within 2 cm and greater than 2 cm from the ulcer crater. Adenosine deaminase activity was measured in mucosa homogenates by determination of ammonia liberated from substrate. It was found that therapy with ranitidine was accompanied by an increase in enzyme activity in the mucosa surrounding unhealed stump ulcers, while no changes were noted in mucosa around healed stump ulcers. A possible role of mucosal adenosine deaminase activity in stump ulcer healing is postulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Namiot
- Department of Physiology, Medical Academy, J. Sniadecki's Regional Hospital, Białystok, Poland
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Namiot Z, Namiot A, Stasiewicz J, Marcinkiewicz M, Gorski J. Duodenal ulcer and mucosal adenosine deaminase activity. Effects of ranitidine and sucralfate. Pharmazie 1995; 50:157-8. [PMID: 7700975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Z Namiot
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, Bialystok, Poland
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Abstract
Adenosine deaminase activity, the key enzyme of adenosine inactivation, was studied in slices taken endoscopically from gastric cancer and macroscopically unchanged gastric mucosa surrounding the cancer. The activity of the enzyme was measured in mucosa homogenates by determination of ammonia liberated from substrate. It was found that adenosine deaminase activity in neoplastic lesions did not differ significantly from normal mucosa and that the gastric region studied (antrum, corpus) did not have an impact. A significant difference in enzyme activity was noticed between intestinal and diffuse-type gastric carcinoma (according to Lauren's classification); the intestinal type was characterized by lower adenosine deaminase activity than was the diffuse type. Since the activity of adenosine deaminase in gastric cancer did not exhibit significant differences from normal mucosa the diagnostic value of its determination is of less importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Namiot
- Department of Physiology and Pathomorphology, Medical School, Bialystok, Poland
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Namiot Z, Marcinkiewicz M, Namiot A, Stasiewicz J. Adenosine deaminase activity in gastric mucosa of pernicious anemia patients. Effect of treatment with cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12). Pharmazie 1994; 49:297. [PMID: 8197235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Z Namiot
- Department of Gastroenterology, J. Sniadecki's Regional Hospital, Bialystok, Poland
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