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Lipowczan A, Trochimczuk AW. Phosphates-Containing Interpenetrating Polymer Networks (IPNs) Acting as Slow Release Fertilizer Hydrogels (SRFHs) Suitable for Agricultural Applications. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:ma14112893. [PMID: 34071203 PMCID: PMC8199159 DOI: 10.3390/ma14112893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Novel, phosphorus-containing slow release fertilizer hydrogels (SRFHs) composed of interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) with very good swelling and mechanical properties have been obtained and characterized. It was found that introducing organophosphorus polymer based on a commercially available monomer, 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphate (MEP), as the IPN’s first component network results in much better swelling properties than for a terpolymer with acrylic acid (AAc), 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphate (MEP) and bis[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl] phosphate (BMEP) when the same weight ratios of monomers are employed. The procedure described in this paper enables the introduction of much larger amounts of phosphorus into polymer structures without significant loss of water regain ability, which is crucial in the application of such materials in the agricultural field.
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Szustakiewicz K, Włodarczyk M, Gazińska M, Rudnicka K, Płociński P, Szymczyk-Ziółkowska P, Ziółkowski G, Biernat M, Sieja K, Grzymajło M, Jóźwiak P, Michlewska S, Trochimczuk AW. The Effect of Pore Size Distribution and l-Lysine Modified Apatite Whiskers (HAP) on Osteoblasts Response in PLLA/HAP Foam Scaffolds Obtained in the Thermally Induced Phase Separation Process. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3607. [PMID: 33808501 PMCID: PMC8036975 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In this research, we prepared foam scaffolds based on poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) and apatite whiskers (HAP) using thermally induced phase separation technique supported by the salt leaching process (TIPS-SL). Using sodium chloride having a size of (a) 150-315 μm, (b) 315-400 μm, and (c) 500-600 μm, three types of foams with different pore sizes have been obtained. Internal structure of the obtained materials has been investigated using SEM as well as μCT. The materials have been studied by means of porosity, density, and compression tests. As the most promising, the composite prepared with salt size of 500-600 μm was prepared also with the l-lysine modified apatite. The osteoblast hFOB 1.19 cell response for the scaffolds was also investigated by means of cell viability, proliferation, adhesion/penetration, and biomineralization. Direct contact cytotoxicity assay showed the cytocompatibility of the scaffolds. All types of foam scaffolds containing HAP whiskers, regardless the pore size or l-lysine modification induced significant stimulatory effect on the cal-cium deposits formation in osteoblasts. The PLLA/HAP scaffolds modified with l-lysine stimulated hFOB 1.19 osteoblasts proliferation. Compared to the scaffolds with smaller pores (150-315 µm and 315-400 µm), the PLLA/HAP foams with large pores (500-600 µm) promoted more effective ad-hesion of osteoblasts to the surface of the biomaterial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konrad Szustakiewicz
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology (WUST), Wyb. Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland; (M.G.); (K.S.); (M.G.); (A.W.T.)
| | - Marcin Włodarczyk
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź, Poland; (M.W.); (K.R.); (P.P.)
| | - Małgorzata Gazińska
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology (WUST), Wyb. Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland; (M.G.); (K.S.); (M.G.); (A.W.T.)
| | - Karolina Rudnicka
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź, Poland; (M.W.); (K.R.); (P.P.)
| | - Przemysław Płociński
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź, Poland; (M.W.); (K.R.); (P.P.)
| | - Patrycja Szymczyk-Ziółkowska
- Centre for Advanced Manufacturing Technologies, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Wrocław University of Science and Technology (WUST), Łukasiewicza 5, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland; (P.S.-Z.); (G.Z.)
| | - Grzegorz Ziółkowski
- Centre for Advanced Manufacturing Technologies, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Wrocław University of Science and Technology (WUST), Łukasiewicza 5, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland; (P.S.-Z.); (G.Z.)
| | - Monika Biernat
- Department of Biomaterials, Ceramic and Concrete Division, Łukasiewicz Research Network Institute of Ceramics and Building Materials, 02-676 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna Sieja
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology (WUST), Wyb. Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland; (M.G.); (K.S.); (M.G.); (A.W.T.)
| | - Michał Grzymajło
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology (WUST), Wyb. Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland; (M.G.); (K.S.); (M.G.); (A.W.T.)
| | - Piotr Jóźwiak
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Hydrobiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź, Poland;
| | - Sylwia Michlewska
- Laboratory of Microscopic Imaging and Specialized Biological Techniques, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź, Poland;
| | - Andrzej W. Trochimczuk
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology (WUST), Wyb. Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland; (M.G.); (K.S.); (M.G.); (A.W.T.)
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Głowińska A, Trochimczuk AW. Polymer-Supported Phosphoric, Phosphonic and Phosphinic Acids-From Synthesis to Properties and Applications in Separation Processes. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25184236. [PMID: 32942756 PMCID: PMC7571143 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25184236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Efficient separation technologies are crucial to the environment and world economy. The challenge posed to scientists is how to engineer selectivity towards a targeted substrate, especially from multicomponent solutions. Polymer-supported reagents have gained a lot of attention in this context, as they eliminate a lot of inconveniences concerning widely used solvent extraction techniques. Nevertheless, the choice of an appropriate ligand for immobilization may be derived from the behavior of soluble compounds under solvent extraction conditions. Organophosphorus compounds play a significant role in separation science and technology. The features they possess, such as variable oxidation states, multivalence, asymmetry and metal-binding properties, highlight their status as a unique and versatile class of compounds, capable of selective separations proceeding through different mechanisms. This review provides a detailed survey of polymers containing phosphoric, phosphonic and phosphinic acid functionalities in the side chain and covers main advances in the preparation and application of these materials in separation science, including the most relevant synthesis routes (Arbuzov, Perkow, Mannich, Kabachnik-Fields reactions, etc.), as well as the main stages in the development of organophosphorus resins and the most important achievements in the field.
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Głowińska A, Trochimczuk AW, Jakubiak-Marcinkowska A. Novel acrylate/organophosphorus-based hydrogels for agricultural applications. New outlook and innovative concept for the use of 2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl phosphate as a multi-purpose monomer. Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Legan
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej W. Trochimczuk
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, Poland
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Kujawska M, Zhou T, Trochimczuk AW, Ye L. Synthesis of naproxen-imprinted polymer using Pickering emulsion polymerization. J Mol Recognit 2017; 31. [PMID: 28322471 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
For the last decades, molecular imprinting is developing intensively, especially in the case of the application of new imprinting techniques. In this work, for the first time, a Pickering emulsion polymerization was used to synthesize the S-naproxen-imprinted polymer spheres following a noncovalent protocol. To enhance the knowledge about imprinting process using mentioned technique, thorough analysis of the synthesis process was performed. Optimization of polymerization conditions included the selection of functional monomer, cross-linking agent, type of porogen, surfactant, and the choice of appropriate amount of the template and porogen. Prepared materials were characterized using scanning electron microscopy and nitrogen adsorption. To study the binding properties, the sorption studies, including adsorption isotherms and competitive binding, were performed. Investigation of the effect of the functional monomer on the selective recognition of S-naproxen showed that the interactions between the template molecule and 4-vinylpyridine resulted in the best recognizing ability. Moreover, the synthesis with application of ethylene glycol dimethacrylae as a cross-linker, toluene as a porogen, and Tween 20 as an additional emulsion stabilizer gave the most desired result. The optimal ratio of the porogen to monomers mixture was 0.1, due to the fact that the increase of the porogen volume resulted in the significant increase of nonspecific uptake. In addition, the tenfold molar excess of functional monomer relative to the template turned out to be optimal. Subsequent binding studies demonstrated that the material synthesized using optimized polymerization conditions consists of imprinted sites that are sensitive for the S-naproxen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Kujawska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wrocław, Poland.,Division of Pure and Applied Biochemistry, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Tongchang Zhou
- Division of Pure and Applied Biochemistry, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Lei Ye
- Division of Pure and Applied Biochemistry, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Kujawska M, Trochimczuk AW. Molecularly imprinted polymeric adsorbent for β-blockers removal synthesized using functionalized MSU-F silica as a sacrificial template. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2016.1200090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Czulak J, Guerreiro A, Metran K, Canfarotta F, Goddard A, Cowan RH, Trochimczuk AW, Piletsky S. Formation of target-specific binding sites in enzymes: solid-phase molecular imprinting of HRP. Nanoscale 2016; 8:11060-11066. [PMID: 27174700 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr02009g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Here we introduce a new concept for synthesising molecularly imprinted nanoparticles by using proteins as macro-functional monomers. For a proof-of-concept, a model enzyme (HRP) was cross-linked using glutaraldehyde in the presence of glass beads (solid-phase) bearing immobilized templates such as vancomycin and ampicillin. The cross-linking process links together proteins and protein chains, which in the presence of templates leads to the formation of permanent target-specific recognition sites without adverse effects on the enzymatic activity. Unlike complex protein engineering approaches commonly employed to generate affinity proteins, the method proposed can be used to produce protein-based ligands in a short time period using native protein molecules. These affinity materials are potentially useful tools especially for assays since they combine the catalytic properties of enzymes (for signaling) and molecular recognition properties of antibodies. We demonstrate this concept in an ELISA-format assay where HRP imprinted with vancomycin and ampicillin replaced traditional enzyme-antibody conjugates for selective detection of templates at micromolar concentrations. This approach can potentially provide a fast alternative to raising antibodies for targets that do not require high assay sensitivities; it can also find uses as a biochemical research tool, as a possible replacement for immunoperoxidase-conjugates.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Czulak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Polymer and Carbonaceous Materials, Wroclaw University of Technology, 27 Wyspianskiego Str., 50-373 Wroclaw, Poland.
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Malik DJ, Trochimczuk AW, Ronka S. Nanostructured synthetic carbons obtained by pyrolysis of spherical acrylonitrile/divinylbenzene copolymers. PLoS One 2012; 7:e43354. [PMID: 22916245 PMCID: PMC3420881 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0043354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2011] [Accepted: 07/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel carbon materials have been prepared by the carbonization of acrylonitrile (AN)/divinylbenzene (DVB) suspension porous copolymers having nominal crosslinking degrees in the range of 30–70% and obtained in the presence of various amounts of porogens. The carbons were obtained by pre-oxidation of AN/DVB copolymers at 250−350°C in air followed by pyrolysis at 850°C in an N2 atmosphere. Both processes were carried out in one furnace and the resulting material needed no further activation. Resulting materials were characterized by XPS and low temperature nitrogen adsorption/desorption. It was found that maximum pyrolysis yield was ca. 50% depending on the oxidation conditions but almost independent of the crosslinking degree of the polymers. Porous structure of the carbons was characterized for the presence of micropores and macropores, when obtained from highly crosslinked polymers or polymers oxidized at 350°C and meso- and macropores in all other cases. The latter pores are prevailing in the structure of carbons obtained from less porous AN/DVB resins. Specific surface area (BET) of polymer derived carbons can vary between 440 m2/g and 250 m2/g depending on the amount of porogen used in the synthesis of the AN/DVB polymeric precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danish J Malik
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Loughborough, Loughborough, United Kingdom.
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Bratkowska D, Fontanals N, Ronka S, Trochimczuk AW, Borrull F, Marcé RM. Comparison of different imidazolium supported ionic liquid polymeric phases with strong anion-exchange character for the extraction of acidic pharmaceuticals from complex environmental samples. J Sep Sci 2012; 35:1953-8. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201100923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Bratkowska
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica; Universitat Rovira i Virgili; Tarragona Spain
| | - Núria Fontanals
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica; Universitat Rovira i Virgili; Tarragona Spain
| | - Sylwia Ronka
- Laboratory of Polymer and Carbon Materials; Faculty of Chemistry; Wrocław University of Technology; Wrocław Poland
| | - Andrzej W. Trochimczuk
- Laboratory of Polymer and Carbon Materials; Faculty of Chemistry; Wrocław University of Technology; Wrocław Poland
| | - Francesc Borrull
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica; Universitat Rovira i Virgili; Tarragona Spain
| | - Rosa M. Marcé
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica; Universitat Rovira i Virgili; Tarragona Spain
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Apopei DF, Dinu MV, Trochimczuk AW, Dragan ES. Sorption Isotherms of Heavy Metal Ions onto Semi-Interpenetrating Polymer Network Cryogels Based on Polyacrylamide and Anionically Modified Potato Starch. Ind Eng Chem Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ie301254z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Diana Felicia Apopei
- Department
of Functional Polymers, “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Aleea Grigore Ghica Voda
41A, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Maria Valentina Dinu
- Department
of Functional Polymers, “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Aleea Grigore Ghica Voda
41A, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Andrzej W. Trochimczuk
- Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Technology, Wyspianskiego 27,
50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Ecaterina Stela Dragan
- Department
of Functional Polymers, “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Aleea Grigore Ghica Voda
41A, 700487 Iasi, Romania
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Fontanals N, Ronka S, Borrull F, Trochimczuk AW, Marcé RM. Supported imidazolium ionic liquid phases: A new material for solid-phase extraction. Talanta 2009; 80:250-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2009.06.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2008] [Revised: 06/12/2009] [Accepted: 06/29/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Danko B, Trochimczuk AW, Samczyński Z, Hamerska-Dudra A, Dybczyński RS. An attempt to differentiate the affinity of individual lanthanides to the resin using temperature driven swelling of the thermosensitive copolymer of N-isopropylacrylamide and 2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl phosphate – Thermodynamic studies. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2007.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Trochimczuk AW, Horwitz EP, Alexandratos SD. Complexing Properties of Diphonix, a New Chelating Resin with Diphosphonate Ligands, Toward Ga(III) and In(III). SEP SCI TECHNOL 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/01496399408002161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Kolarz BN, Trochimczuk AW, Jermakowicz-Bartkowiak D, Jezierska J, Apostoluk W. Synthesis and some sorption properties of the anion-exchangers with biguanidyl groups. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s1381-5148(02)00076-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Kolarz BN, Trochimczuk AW, Jermakowicz-Bartkowiak D, Jezierska J. Synthesis and some sorption properties of anion exchangers bearing ligands of different length with guanidyl and biguanidyl end groups. POLYMER 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0032-3861(01)00712-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Trochimczuk AW. SELECTIVE RECOVERY OF GOLD FROM ACIDIC SOLUTIONS USING RESINS WITH METHYLENEDIPHOSPHONATE AND CARBOXYMETHYLPHOSPHONATE LIGANDS. Solvent Extraction and Ion Exchange 2001. [DOI: 10.1081/sei-100102697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Jezierska J, Trochimczuk AW, Kędzierska J. Coordinating properties of polymers with N-substituted diamides of malonic acid towards Cu(II); EPR studies. POLYMER 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0032-3861(98)00540-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Jermakowicz-Bartkowiak D, Apostoluk W, Trochimczuk AW, Kolarz BN. SELECTIVITY OF RESINS WITH GUANIDYL GROUPS TOWARDS DICYANOAURATE ANIONS. Solvent Extraction and Ion Exchange 1999. [DOI: 10.1080/07366299908934630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Trochimczuk AW, Jezierska J. Selective hydrolysis of polymer-bound ethoxycarbonylethyl phosphonate and e.p.r. studies of copper(II) complexes with the parent resin and its derivatives. POLYMER 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0032-3861(96)00795-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Alexandratos SD, Trochimczuk AW, Horwitz EP, Gatrone RC. Synthesis and characterization of a bifunctional ion exchange resin with polystyrene-immobilized diphosphonic acid ligands. J Appl Polym Sci 1996. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-4628(19960711)61:2<273::aid-app9>3.0.co;2-m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Alexandratos SD, Trochimczuk AW, Crick DW, Horwitz EP, Gatrone RC, Chiarizia R. Synthesis and Ion-Complexing Properties of a Novel Polymer-Supported Reagent with Diphosphonate Ligands. Macromolecules 1996. [DOI: 10.1021/ma950943u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Spiro D. Alexandratos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-1600, and Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439-4831
| | - Andrzej W. Trochimczuk
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-1600, and Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439-4831
| | - Darrell W. Crick
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-1600, and Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439-4831
| | - E. Philip Horwitz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-1600, and Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439-4831
| | - Ralph C. Gatrone
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-1600, and Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439-4831
| | - Renato Chiarizia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-1600, and Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439-4831
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Trochimczuk AW, Alexandratos SD. Synthesis of bifunctional ion-exchange resins through the Arbusov reaction: Effect on selectivity and kinetics. J Appl Polym Sci 1994. [DOI: 10.1002/app.1994.070520912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Trochimczuk AW, Kolarz BN. The influence of phase-transfer catalysts on alkaline hydrolysis of acrylonitrile-divinylbenzene copolymers. Eur Polym J 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/0014-3057(92)90157-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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