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Tasnim A, Rahman FN, Rakhshanda S, Karim A. Ageing and Mental Health in the Context of Social Isolation in Covid-19 Pandemic. Mymensingh Med J 2024; 33:626-635. [PMID: 38557549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The Covid-19 pandemic has introduced the world to a new chapter in the last three to four years. The focus of this review is on a significant but often overlooked group and topic that has received limited research attention. Recent studies show that the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic is still intense, even around three years later. This article will summarize and discuss the results of 52 studies on anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), fear of loneliness, suicidal ideation, and resilience in the elderly population before and after the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. In addition to detrimental effects, attention is also given to the improved coping abilities and lack of significant psychological distress among the geriatric population when compared to younger age groups. This review will encompass research conducted on both the population of Bangladesh and the global population as a whole.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Tasnim
- Dr Anika Tasnim, Australian Medical Council, IFOM-CSE (NBME USA), Clinical Observer, Sidra Medicine, Ar-Rayyan, Doha, Qatar and Clinical Vaccinator, HMC, Doha, Qatar; E-mail:
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2
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Karim A, Hafeeza B, Riaz S, Khwaja S, Shahzad MM, Akhter A. Assessment of aquatic macro-invertebrates communities and water quality parameters of River Zhob, Balochistan, Pakistan. BRAZ J BIOL 2024; 84:e265234. [DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.265234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Environmental stress caused by pollution is often assessed by diversity of macro-invertebrate species in specific aquatic habitat. To find out seasonal fluctuations in various macro-invertebrates communities and different water quality parameters of River Zhob, a research trial was conducted on River Zhob, Balochistan. Samples of macro-invertebrates and water were taken from four different stations of River Zhob. A total 18 taxa of various macro-invertebrates were identified from the area. Phylum Arthropoda constitute 94.8% of the total population followed by Mollusca (3.6%) and Annelida (1.4%). A large number of arthropods were belonged to order Diptera (1148), while the order Trichoptera was stood second with respect to macro-invertebrate´s number (441). The maximum numbers of macro-invertebrates were observed in the month of January. All physico-chemical parameters of River Zhob such as air temperature, water temp, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO) and total dissolved solids (TDS) were within the range, suitable for the healthy growth of macro-invertebrates. Diversified populations of various macro-invertebrates confirm good ecological condition of environment and water in the studied site especially ample concentration of DO in River. The documented data on macro-invertebrates in studied site will provide a baseline for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Karim
- Sardar Bahadur Khan Women’s University, Pakistan
| | - B. Hafeeza
- Sardar Bahadur Khan Women’s University, Pakistan
| | - S. Riaz
- University of Karachi, Pakistan
| | - S. Khwaja
- Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science and Technology, Pakistan
| | | | - A. Akhter
- Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science and Technology, Pakistan
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Mushtaq R, Khwaja S, Akram A, Karim A, Abbasi SR, Baqa K. Effect of Raphanus raphanistrum on chronic kidney disease induced by ethanol in animal model rats. BRAZ J BIOL 2024. [DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.2355378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of Raphanus raphanistrum (radish) on chronic kidney disease damage by reactive oxygen species or free radicals in animal model rats. Total of 18 rats were used in this study, divided into 3 groups and each group consist of 6 rats. Group 1 control (C), group 2 model (M) and group 3 test (T). Model and test group were treated with alcohol to produce chronic kidney disease by reactive oxygen spices for 9 weeks a dose of 1 ml. After that test group was treated with Raphanus raphanistrum juice for 4 weeks 80mg/kg body weight to determine it effect. Raphanus raphanistrum juice effect on behavior of rats through increases the locomotor activity and anxiety. The serum creatinine and uric acid level were significantly improved in T group. The reactive oxygen enzyme test shows that Super Oxide Dismutase (SOD) and Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx) was increase in T group. The Glutathione S-Transferases (GST) and Catalase (CAT) enzyme level was nearly same in C and T groups. This study concludes that compound 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl found in Raphanus raphanistrum juice and possess strong antioxidant activity on Chronic kidney disease induce by ethanol through reactive oxygen species. There is need of more researches to determine the use of natural compound to treat different disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Mushtaq
- Federal Urdu University of Arts Science and Technology, Pakistan
| | - S. Khwaja
- Federal Urdu University of Arts Science and Technology, Pakistan
| | - A. Akram
- Federal Urdu University of Arts Science and Technology, Pakistan
| | - A. Karim
- Sardar Bahadur Khan Women’s University, Pakistan
| | - S. R. Abbasi
- Federal Urdu University of Arts Science and Technology, Pakistan
| | - K. Baqa
- Federal Urdu University of Arts Science and Technology, Pakistan
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Faris A, Edder Y, Louchachha I, Lahcen IA, Azzaoui K, Hammouti B, Merzouki M, Challioui A, Boualy B, Karim A, Hanbali G, Jodeh S. From himachalenes to trans-himachalol: unveiling bioactivity through hemisynthesis and molecular docking analysis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17653. [PMID: 37848506 PMCID: PMC10582069 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44652-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we report the first total hemisynthesis of trans-himachalol sesquiterpene, a stereoisomer of the natural cis-himachalol isolated from Cedrus atlantica essential oils, from himachalenes mixture in five steps. Reactions conditions were optimized and structures of the obtained compounds were confirmed by IR, mass spectra, 1H, and 13C NMR. The synthesized compounds were investigated for potential activities on various isolated smooth muscles and against different neurotransmitters using molecular docking. The results show that the synthesized compounds display high affinities towards the active site of the protein 7B2W and the compounds exhibit promising activities on various isolated smooth muscles and against different neurotransmitters.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Faris
- Equipe de Chimie de Coordination et Catalyse, Département de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences Semlalia, Université Cadi Ayyad, B.P. 2390, 40001, Marrakech, Morocco.
| | - Y Edder
- Equipe de Chimie de Coordination et Catalyse, Département de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences Semlalia, Université Cadi Ayyad, B.P. 2390, 40001, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - I Louchachha
- Equipe de Chimie de Coordination et Catalyse, Département de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences Semlalia, Université Cadi Ayyad, B.P. 2390, 40001, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - I Ait Lahcen
- Equipe de Chimie de Coordination et Catalyse, Département de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences Semlalia, Université Cadi Ayyad, B.P. 2390, 40001, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - K Azzaoui
- Laboratory of Engineering, Electrochemistry, Modeling and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, 30000, Fez, Morocco
| | - B Hammouti
- Euro-Mediterranean University of Fes, B.P. 15, 30070, Fez, Morocco
| | - M Merzouki
- Laboratoire de Chimie Appliquée et Environnement - Equipe Chimie Organique Macromoléculaire et Phytochimie, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed Ier, 60000, Oujda, Morocco
| | - A Challioui
- Laboratoire de Chimie Appliquée et Environnement - Equipe Chimie Organique Macromoléculaire et Phytochimie, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed Ier, 60000, Oujda, Morocco
| | - B Boualy
- Environmental Sciences and Applied Materials Research Team, Multidisciplinary Research and Innovation Laboratory, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Khouribga, Sultan Moulay Slimane University of Beni Mellal, B.P. 145, 25000, Khouribga, Morocco
| | - A Karim
- Equipe de Chimie de Coordination et Catalyse, Département de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences Semlalia, Université Cadi Ayyad, B.P. 2390, 40001, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - G Hanbali
- Equipe de Chimie de Coordination et Catalyse, Département de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences Semlalia, Université Cadi Ayyad, B.P. 2390, 40001, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - S Jodeh
- Department of Chemistry, An-Najah National University, P.O. Box 7, Nablus, Palestine.
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Karim A, Shoaib M, Khwaja S, Yawar NA, Raza AA, BiBi S. Variations in growth performance of Catla (Cattla cattla), Rohu (Labeo rohita) and Mrigal (Cirhinus mrigala) fed with varying levels of fishmeal based diets in intensive farming. BRAZ J BIOL 2023; 84:e267950. [PMID: 37075410 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.267950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
A one year feeding trial was conducted on carps i.e. Catla (Cattla cattla), Mrigal (Cirhinus mrigala) and Rohu (Labeo rohita) to find out appropriate level of fishmeal in diet and their effects on growth, survival and biomass in intensive polyculture. Three different inclusions of fishmeal were used in experimental diets (25%, 35% and 45%). Highest average daily growth was observed by 25% fish meal diet (2.18g, 2.19g and 2.34g for catla, rohu and mrigal respectively), whereas 35% fish meal based diet was next by showing 1.63g average daily growth for catla, 1.73g for rohu and 1.67g for mrigal. Mean values of monthly weight again and average daily growth showed significant differences among treatments. Growth was found to be higher in C. mrigala in case of 25% and 45% and L. rohita in case of 35% fish meal. Minimum FCR was obtained by 25% FM based diets as 3.53±0.41 followed by 45% (3.82±0.33) and 35% (4.05±0.45). The findings of this research trial determine the optimum dietary level of fishmeal and its effectiveness as an important ingredient in diets of Indian major carps. It is proved that a feed by the combination of animal and plant protein is much preferable by carps as compare to a feed with higher concentration of fish meal.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Karim
- Sardar Bahadur Khan Women's University, Department of Zoology, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - M Shoaib
- University of Karachi, Department of Zoology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - S Khwaja
- Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science and Technology, Department of Zoology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - N A Yawar
- Sardar Bahadur Khan Women's University, Department of Zoology, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - A A Raza
- Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science and Technology, Department of Biochemistry, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - S BiBi
- Sardar Bahadur Khan Women's University, Department of Zoology, Quetta, Pakistan
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Karim A, Khwaja S, Shoaib M, Yawar NA, Aziz Z, Hafeeza B. Length-weight relationships of farmed major carps (Cattla cattla, Labeo rohita and Cirhinus mrigala) fed with different sources of protein in an intensive polyculture. BRAZ J BIOL 2023; 84:e268040. [PMID: 36722680 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.268040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The present findings provide information regarding the length-weight relationships (LWRs) of Indian major carps viz Cattla cattla, Labeo rohita and Cirhinus mrigala in an intensive polyculture system. Much work has been done in Pakistan with respect to fish LWRs, much of such work has been ignored. Carps were fed with twelve different formulated diets containing four different sources of protein i.e. fish meal (FM), all parts chicken meal (APCM), corn gluten (CGM) and soybean meal (SBM). Each type of protein is used at inclusion level of 25, 35 and 45% into the formulated diets to evaluate the minimum requirement of that ingredient for optimal growth of in-hand species. The values of slope "b" ranged from 2.20 to 4.90 for these species of carps which showed a strong healthy relationship among variables (level of protein and months).
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Affiliation(s)
- A Karim
- Sardar Bahadur Khan Women's University, Department of Zoology, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - S Khwaja
- Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science and Technology, Department of Zoology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - M Shoaib
- University of Karachi, Department of Zoology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - N A Yawar
- Sardar Bahadur Khan Women's University, Department of Zoology, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - Z Aziz
- Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science, and Technology, Department of Statistics, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - B Hafeeza
- Sardar Bahadur Khan Women's University, Department of Zoology, Quetta, Pakistan
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Raza AA, Mushtaq R, Khwaja S, Akram A, Karim A, Akhter A. Antioxidant associated chemoprophylaxis effect of natural spice and green vegetable on hepatotoxicity. BRAZ J BIOL 2023; 84:e266940. [PMID: 36629639 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.266940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
This is a case control and cohort study, conducted at Department of Biochemistry in FUAST, compressing 24 number of albino Wistar rats. Illicium verum (star anise) natural spice and green vegetable broccoli are used for chemo-preventive herbal treatment in relation with vitamin C antioxidant activity. Hepatotoxicity was induced in liver of model rats by giving interperitoneally single injection of 200 mg/kg bod weight (B.W) of N-nitrosodiethylamine and orally giving 1 mg/kg BW phenobarbital for 14 days during disease prorogation period. The vitamin C analysis from Illicium verum (star anise), green broccoli, orange juice, orange peel and orange pulp was done by iodometric quantitative and qualitative titration method. Rats were given compound according to their bodyweight as 1 mg/kg B.W. After 14 days (Disease Promotion and Propagation Period) and 28 days (Disease cure period) of treatment behavioral activity was monitored by locomotors activity in open field experiment, stimulatory activity in home cage and anxiolytic effects observed in light and dark apparatus and also in T maze. Behavioral activity were significantly increased in Illicium verum and green broccoli treated rats. Hematological study including hemoglobin (Hb), white blood cells (WBC), red blood cells (RBC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), red cell distribution width (RDW) and Platelets was done by abbot laboratory analyzer cell. The value of Hb and RBC was also significantly increased in star anise and broccoli treated rats, showed proper function of RBC in microcirculation. WBC was also in normal range revealed that no disease regards to bone marrow and leukemia's. The biochemical activity of rats including urea, creatinine, total protein, albumin, globulin, A/G ratio, amylase and calcium in blood serum were analyzed while, liver health or performance was also determined by LFT (liver function test). Behavioral and laboratorial variables were analyzed by using SPSS v. 20 and p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The study report noticeable significant effect of Illicium verum and broccoli on hepatotoxicity of experimental model. Recent experimental study statistical outcomes show reciprocal relationship between the consumption of vegetable diet and natural spice with the risk of Hepatotoxicity. Thus, the aim of the study is to enhance the function of star anise or illicium verum natural spice and green vegetable broccoli as an anticancer or chemoprophylaxis agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Raza
- Federal Urdu University of Arts Science and Technology, Department of Biochemistry, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - R Mushtaq
- Federal Urdu University of Arts Science and Technology, Department of Zoology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - S Khwaja
- Federal Urdu University of Arts Science and Technology, Department of Zoology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - A Akram
- Federal Urdu University of Arts Science and Technology, Department of Zoology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - A Karim
- Sardar Bahadur Khan Women's University Quetta, Department of Zoology, Balochistan, Pakistan
| | - A Akhter
- Federal Urdu University of Arts Science and Technology, Department of Zoology, Karachi, Pakistan
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Nahar A, Jamal CY, Refat R, Chowdhury T, Akter S, Karim A, Rahman MA, Yeamin MB, Saha BK, Hossain F, Rabbany MA. Procalcitonin versus C-Reactive Protein as a Biomarker for Prediction of Bacterial Infection in Children with Febrile Neutropenia in Acute Leukemia. Mymensingh Med J 2023; 32:76-82. [PMID: 36594305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Febrile neutropenia (FN) is a frequently occurring treatment-related complication with significant morbidity and mortality for childhood acute leukemia. Early diagnosis and assessment of severity are essential steps for early comprehensive treatment to reduce FN-related morbidity and mortality. Biomarkers like C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT) can be used to assess and predict the bacterial infection in children with febrile neutropenia. The objective of the study was to determine the role of procalcitonin and CRP as a biomarker for prediction of bacterial infection in children with FN in acute leukemia. This prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Bangladesh from August 2020 to July 2021. Total 58 Children with acute leukemia aged 1 to <18 years with FN were analyzed in this study. A proper history and thorough physical examination were carried out. The blood sample was sent for biomarkers (Procalcitonin and CRP) within 24 hours of the onset of FN and other investigations, such as Complete blood count, Blood C/S, Urine R/E and C/S. Metabolic workup (SGPT, Serum Creatinine, Serum Electrolytes, Serum Ca+) was also done in every patient. Stool R/E & C/S, Chest X-ray, Wound swab for C/S were done when the patient presented with diarrhoea, cough, respiratory distress and focal sepsis respectively. In this study, the mean age of the patients was 6.62±4.07 years (1.10-16.0 years) and 34 patients (58.6%) were male. In 65.5% of patients, localizing signs of infection were not identified. Of the 58 patients, 12 patients (20.7%) showed positive blood culture and 2 patients (3.4%) showed positive urine culture. Klebsiella spp (41.0%) was the most frequent organism isolated followed by Acinetobacter (17.0%), Pseudomonas (17.0%) and E. coli (17.0%). The median PCT levels were significantly higher in patients with bacterial infection than patients without bacteremia (26.10μg/l versus 0.78μg/l, p=0.002) and PCT level >2μg/l was significantly associated with bacteremia. The median CRP levels in the bacteremia and without-bacteremia patients were 137.4mg/L and 54.17mg/L, respectively (p=0.036). In direct comparisons, PCT showed better overall performance than CRP with the AUC being 0.797 (95% CI 0.651-0.943) for PCT and 0.697 (95% CI 0.54-0.855) for CRP in predicting the bacterial infection. PCT and CRP both are useful biomarkers for the prediction of bacteremia, but PCT may be a superior early biomarker as compared to CRP to predict bacterial infection in children with febrile neutropenia in acute leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Nahar
- Dr Ashrafun Nahar, Registrar, Department of Pediatric Haematology and Oncology, Mymensingh Medical College Hospital (MMCH), Mymensingh, Bangladesh; E-mail:
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Karim A, Zartashia B, Khwaja S, Akhter A, Raza AA, Parveen S. Prevalence and risk factors associated with human Intestinal Parasitic Infections (IPIs) in rural and urban areas of Quetta, Pakistan. BRAZ J BIOL 2023; 84:e266898. [PMID: 37075409 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.266898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) are endemic worldwide and more prevalent in countries with unhygienic conditions. The objective of the research was to identify the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections in rural and urban areas of Quetta, Balochistan and to check their associated risk factors including; age, gender, educational status, sanitary system and any other immunodeficiency. For this instance 204 stool samples were collected from the urban and rural population of Quetta, Balochistan. The participants with positive results for Intestinal Parasitic Infections were interviewed using close-ended questionnaire. From the findings of this study, it has been revealed that prevalence of Intestinal parasitic infections in rural and urban areas was 21%. Males were found more prevalent (66%) as compared to females (34%) due to higher risk of contacting to outer environment. The prevalence was higher in rural areas (23%). The most prevalent intestinal parasite was Entamoeba histolytica (48%). Other prevailing parasites were Hymenolepis nana (26%), Giardia Intestinalis (17%), Trichomonas hominis (5%) and Trichuris trichiura (5%). The majority of patients were having lower socio-economic (52%) and educational status (48%). Educational status of 48% patients was primary or below primary. Most of the participants with positive results did not have hand washing habit (62%) and didn't have the closed sanitary system (71%). The intestinal parasitic infections were more prevalent among children aged from 1-10 (33%). This may be a result of poor hygiene in children. The study will contribute to lower down the prevalence in the studied areas by the application of different preventive measures in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Karim
- Sardar Bahadur Khan Women's University, Department of Zoology, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - B Zartashia
- Sardar Bahadur Khan Women's University, Department of Zoology, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - S Khwaja
- Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science and Technology, Department of Zoology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - A Akhter
- Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science and Technology, Department of Zoology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - A A Raza
- Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science, and Technology, Department of Biochemistry, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - S Parveen
- Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science and Technology, Department of Zoology, Karachi, Pakistan
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Ankner JF, Ashkar R, Browning JF, Charlton TR, Doucet M, Halbert CE, Islam F, Karim A, Kharlampieva E, Kilbey SM, Lin JYY, Phan MD, Smith GS, Sukhishvili SA, Thermer R, Veith GM, Watkins EB, Wilson D. Cinematic reflectometry using QIKR, the quite intense kinetics reflectometer. Rev Sci Instrum 2023; 94:013302. [PMID: 36725568 DOI: 10.1063/5.0122279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The Quite Intense Kinetics Reflectometer (QIKR) will be a general-purpose, horizontal-sample-surface neutron reflectometer. Reflectometers measure the proportion of an incident probe beam reflected from a surface as a function of wavevector (momentum) transfer to infer the distribution and composition of matter near an interface. The unique scattering properties of neutrons make this technique especially useful in the study of soft matter, biomaterials, and materials used in energy storage. Exploiting the increased brilliance of the Spallation Neutron Source Second Target Station, QIKR will collect specular and off-specular reflectivity data faster than the best existing such machines. It will often be possible to collect complete specular reflectivity curves using a single instrument setting, enabling "cinematic" operation, wherein the user turns on the instrument and "films" the sample. Samples in time-dependent environments (e.g., temperature, electrochemical, or undergoing chemical alteration) will be observed in real time, in favorable cases with frame rates as fast as 1 Hz. Cinematic data acquisition promises to make time-dependent measurements routine, with time resolution specified during post-experiment data analysis. This capability will be deployed to observe such processes as in situ polymer diffusion, battery electrode charge-discharge cycles, hysteresis loops, and membrane protein insertion into lipid layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F Ankner
- Second Target Station Project, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - R Ashkar
- Department of Physics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA
| | - J F Browning
- Neutron Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - T R Charlton
- Neutron Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - M Doucet
- Neutron Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - C E Halbert
- Neutron Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - F Islam
- Neutron Technologies Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - A Karim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - E Kharlampieva
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA
| | - S M Kilbey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - J Y Y Lin
- Second Target Station Project, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - M D Phan
- Neutron Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - G S Smith
- Neutron Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - S A Sukhishvili
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - R Thermer
- Second Target Station Project, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - G M Veith
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - E B Watkins
- Neutron Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - D Wilson
- Second Target Station Project, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
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Khwaja S, Zahid M, Karim A, Gurganari L, Aziz Z, Rasheed A. Evaluation of the persistent organic pollutants association with type 2 diabetes: A prospective study from Karachi, Pakistan. BRAZ J BIOL 2022; 84:e256132. [PMID: 35544786 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.256132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to determine the association between environmental organic pollutants with type 2 diabetes. This prospective study was conducted in Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science and Technology (FUUAST) Gulshan-e-Iqbal Campus Karachi in duration from January 2016 to June 2017. This study was ethically approved from the Institutional Review Board of FUUAST. The study included 50 male and female convenient subjects with type 2 diabetes. Subject with other type of diabetes was excluded. Consent was obtained by each individual. Self-structured questionnaire was used for data collection. The comparative results suggest that the maximum level of summation polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) mean value was found in age group 27-33 as 0.695 mg/kg in 73% having total individual eleven. Median (interquartile range) of pesticides levels among subjects with normal weight, over weight and obesity were 0.49 (0.26-2.13), 1.53 (0.60-2.65), and 1.60 (1.23-2.05) respectively. It was observed that Organochlorine pesticides (OCS) levels of subjects with overweight and obesity were almost similar (P-value > 0.05) but significantly higher as compared to subjects with normal weight (P-value < 0.05). No significant differences were observed between PCB levels of subjects in terms of body mass index (BMI). In present study we trace the important elements involve in the deposition of persistent organic pollutants and established an association between pollutants with etiology of diabetes and associated disorders such as obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Khwaja
- Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science, and Technology, Department of Zoology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - M Zahid
- Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science, and Technology, Department of Zoology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - A Karim
- Sardar Bahadur Khan Women's University, Department of Zoology, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - L Gurganari
- University of Balochistan - UOB, Department of Zoology, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - Z Aziz
- Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science and Technology, Department of Statistics, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - A Rasheed
- Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science, and Technology, Department of Zoology, Karachi, Pakistan
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12
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Karim A, Naila B, Khwaja S, Hussain SI, Ghafar M. Evaluation of different Starch Binders on physical quality of fish feed pellets. BRAZ J BIOL 2022; 84:e256242. [PMID: 35195178 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.256242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Binders are the products that are used to bind, glue or hold the various feed ingredients together in order to maintain pellet integrity. For aqua-culturists, feed manufacturing is an expensive exercise due to the high cost of ingredients along with traditional artificial binders. The use of grain starches as aqua feed binders have advantages which include availability of that binder, nutritional contribution, and minimization of feed cost. A research trial was conducted to test physical properties such as palatability, water stability, dustiness, friability, settling velocity and floatation time of locally available starch i.e. wheat gluten, pea starch and guar gum and to assist their incorporation in on-farm aqua feed. Results revealed that among these three starch, the starch from pea source was proved superior over other two (wheat gluten and guar gum) as all physical quality parameters (dustiness, water stability and friability) revealed better performance of pea starch except pelletability in which guar gum performed best. Although not a single diet proved best in case of flotation time (Tf) and settling velocity (Vset) at varying lengths (6mm, 9mm and 12 mm). This finding indicates the significance of suitable binders for optimal water pollution and sustainable aquaculture. The use of these binders i.e. wheat gluten, pea starch and guar gum in fish feed pellets may also reduce dependence on synthetic binders and minimizes cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Karim
- Sardar Bahadur Khan Women's University Quetta, Department of Zoology, Balochistan, Pakistan
| | - B Naila
- Sardar Bahadur Khan Women's University Quetta, Department of Zoology, Balochistan, Pakistan
| | - S Khwaja
- Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science, and Technology, Department of Zoology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - S I Hussain
- Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science, and Technology, Department of Zoology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - M Ghafar
- Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science, and Technology, Department of Zoology, Karachi, Pakistan
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Rehman NU, Ansari MN, Palla AH, Karim A, Imam F, Raish M, Hamad AM, Noman M. Myrica salicifolia Hochst. ex A. Rich. suppress acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis in rats by reducing TNF-alpha and interleukin-6, oxidative stress parameters and improving mucosal protection. Hum Exp Toxicol 2022; 41:9603271221102518. [PMID: 35561078 DOI: 10.1177/09603271221102518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with rising prevalence in developing countries, and limited success of current therapies, natural products have immense potential for therapy due to their "disease modifying and side-effect neutralizing" potential. Myrica salicifolia is traditionally used for gastrointestinal diseases and have reported antiinflammatory activities, but its use in IBD has not yet been studied. Therefore, in the present study, the effects of the root extract of M. salicifolia (Ms.Cr) were investigated using the acetic acid-induced UC model in rats. For 6 days, the rats were given either vehicle (10 mL/kg), lower (200 mg/kg), and higher (400 mg/kg) doses of Ms.Cr, or the positive control drug (prednisolone; 2 mg/kg) orally. A single dosage of 5% acetic acid (1.0 mL) was administered intrarectally to rats on day 6 to induce UC. Disease activity index (DAI), histological observations, the biochemical parameters related to oxidative stress, and specific cytokines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and the tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were determined to assess the effect of Ms.Cr. In comparison to the AA-induced colitis rats, Ms.Cr's pretreatment significantly decreased DAI, colonic ulceration, and inflammatory score. Total glutathione levels and catalase activity were considerably recovered in the colitis group treated with Ms.Cr, whereas enhanced lipid peroxidation in colon tissues was significantly decreased. Moreover, Ms.Cr pretreatment also caused inhibition of the activation of IL-6 and TNF-α in the colonic tissues of respective groups. Based on these findings, Ms.Cr might be developed to treat UC in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- N U Rehman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, 248406Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - M N Ansari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, 248406Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - A H Palla
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences (Pharmacology), Medical College, 9615Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - A Karim
- Department of Biological Sciences, 445232National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.,Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
| | - F Imam
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, 37850King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - M Raish
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, 37850King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - A M Hamad
- Department of Basic Sciences, Preparatory Year Deanship, 204568Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Department of Histopathology and Cytopathology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Gezira, Wad Madani, Sudan
| | - M Noman
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 66783Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Ghafar M, Khwaja S, Zahid M, Hussain SI, Karim A, Akram A. Association of blood groups/Rh and diabetes mellitus in Karachi city, Pakistan. BRAZ J BIOL 2022; 84:e252952. [DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.252952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract The main purpose of this study was to find out a possible association between ABO blood groups or Rh and diabetes mellitus (DM) in the local population of eight (8) different towns of Karachi, Pakistan. For this purpose a survey was carried out in Karachi to have a practical observation of these towns during the period of 9 months from June 2019 to Feb. 2020. Out of eighteen (18) towns of Karachi, samples (N= 584) were collected from only eight (8) Towns of Karachi and gave a code-number to each town. Diabetic group sample was (n1=432) & pre-diabetes sample was (n2 =152). A standard Abbot Company Glucometer for Random Blood Sugar (RBS) and Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS) tests, standard blood anti sera were used for ABO/Rh blood type. Health assessment techniques were performed ethically by taking informed consent from all registered subjects. Finally data was analyzed by SPSS version 20.0. In our current study, the comparison of ABO blood groups frequencies between diabetic and pre-diabetic individuals were carried out. The percentage values of blood Group-B as given as: (32% in DM vs. 31% in pre-diabetics), followed by blood Group-O as: (18% in DM vs. 11% in pre-diabetics). Contrary to Group-“B” & “O”, blood Group-A and Group-AB were distribution percentage higher pre-diabetic as compared to DM patients, as given as: Group-A (32% in pre-diabetics vs. 26% in DM) & Group-AB (26% in pre-diabetics vs. 24% in diabetic’s patients). In addition, percentage distribution of Rh system was also calculated, in which Rh+ve Group was high and more common in DM patients as compared to pre-diabetics; numerically given as: Rh+ve Group (80% in DM vs. 72% in pre-diabetics). Different views and dimensions of the research topic were studied through literature support, some have found no any association and some established a positive association still some were not clear in making a solid conclusion. It is concluded that DM has a positive correlation with ABO blood groups, and people with Group-B have increased susceptibility to DM disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Ghafar
- Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science, and Technology, Pakistan
| | - S. Khwaja
- Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science, and Technology, Pakistan
| | - M. Zahid
- Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science, and Technology, Pakistan
| | - S. I. Hussain
- Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science, and Technology, Pakistan
| | - A. Karim
- Sardar Bahadur Khan Women’s University, Pakistan
| | - A. Akram
- Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science, and Technology, Pakistan
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Hussain SI, Khwaja S, Zahid M, Karim A, Aziz Z, Nisar S, Abbasi HN. Effect of biosal®, deltamethrin and lambda-cyhalothrin on the activity of GOT, GPT and total protein contents in two fodder pests Hermolaus modestus and Hermolaus ocimumi. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 84:e253948. [PMID: 34932640 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.253948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The assessment of the comparative effect of biosal (phytopesticide), deltamethrin, and lambda-cyhalothrin (pyrethroids) were made against two fodder pests, Hermolaus modestus and Hermolaus ocimumi by filter paper impregnation method. The activity of total protein contents, GPT (glutamic-pyruvic transaminase) and GOT (glutamic oxaloacetate transaminase) were affected in Hermolaus modestus and Hermolaus ocimumi against biosal, deltamethrin, and lambda cyhalothrin. The activity of total protein contents in H. modestus was 31.053%, 4.607%, and 24.575%, against biosal, deltamethrin, and lambda-cyhalothrin, respectively. The activity of total protein contents was observed as 24.202%, 15.25%, and 56.036% against deltamethrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, and biosal, respectively in H. ocimumi. The activity of GOT was observed as 98.675% for biosal 33.95% for deltamethrin and 83.619% for lambda-cyhalothrin in H. modestus. The GOT activity was estimated in H. ocimumi as 78.831%, 47.645%, and 71.287% against biosal, deltamethrin, and lambda-cyhalothrin, respectively. The efficacy of GPT enzyme against biosal, deltamethrin, and lambda-cyhalothrin was calculated as 89.26%, 73.07%, and 47.58%, respectively in H. modestus. The H. ocimumi showed GPT activity as 77.58% for biosal, 68.84% for deltamethrin, and 52.67% for lambda-cyhalothrin, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- S I Hussain
- Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science and Technology, Department of Zoology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - S Khwaja
- Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science and Technology, Department of Zoology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - M Zahid
- Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science and Technology, Department of Zoology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - A Karim
- Sardar Bahadur Khan Women's University, Department of Zoology, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - Z Aziz
- Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science and Technology, Department of Statistics, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - S Nisar
- Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science and Technology, Department of Zoology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - H N Abbasi
- Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science and Technology, Department of Environmental Science, Karachi, Pakistan
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Karim A, Shoaib M, Khwaja S, Nisar S, Riaz S, Siddiqui S, Ansari SB, Riaz S. An estimation of optimum dietary concentration of soy bean meal for carps (Catla catla, Labeo rohita and Cirhinus mrigala). BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 84:e253613. [PMID: 34730702 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.253613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Soybean meal is an inexpensive plant origin protein which has been used in practical diets as a replacement of animal protein such as fish meal or chicken meal, due to the uneconomical price of animal protein diets. Consequently, a research study was conducted on some commercial species of Indian major carps i.e. Catla (Cattla cattla), Rohu (Labeo rohita) and Mrigala (Cirhinus mrigala) (Hamilton, 1822) to estimate optimum dietary protein requirement of soy bean meal in diet in an intensive polyculture. Three different diets (SBM I, SBM II and SBM III) were formulated by 80%, 50% and 20% replacement of fish meal with soybean meal from a 45% fish meal diet (control).Highest monthly mean weight gain was obtained by SBM II (with 35% CP and about 50% substitution of fish meal), while SBM III (45% Crude Protein and about 20% substitution of fish meal) was stood second. All tested diets respond enormously by producing high yield as compare to control diet, though SBM II generated highest yield among all. On the bases of the following research, it was revealed that the SBM can surrogate even50% fish meal without any augmentation of other amino acids in the diet of Indian major carps.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Karim
- Sardar Bahadur Khan Women's University, Department of Zoology, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan
| | - M Shoaib
- University of Karachi, Department of Zoology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - S Khwaja
- Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science, and Technology, Department of Zoology, Gulshan-e-Iqbal, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - S Nisar
- Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science, and Technology, Department of Zoology, Gulshan-e-Iqbal, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - S Riaz
- University of Karachi, Department of Zoology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - S Siddiqui
- Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science, and Technology, Department of Zoology, Gulshan-e-Iqbal, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - S B Ansari
- University of Karachi, Department of Zoology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - S Riaz
- University of Karachi, Department of Botany, Karachi, Pakistan
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17
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Haiduc AA, Patel R, Karim A. 486 Are Surgical Resection Margins A Risk Factor for Crohn’s Disease Recurrence? Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab134.288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Despite advances in treatment, Crohn’s disease (CD) recurrence is still high. Various factors correlated with recurrence are studied however, there is no consensus regarding the importance of disease-free resection margins. Our goal was to ascertain whether surgical margins predict recurrence rates of CD and identify other potential factors correlated with recurrence.
This is a retrospective cohort study on patients who have had a colonic resection for CD from December 2016 to November 2019. Demographics, surgical procedure details, disease activity at resection margins and number of readmissions were recorded. Clinical recurrence was defined as readmission to hospital for a Crohn’s related flare-up within 12 months of surgical resection. Positive disease activity at the resection margins was defined histologically. We compared the readmission rate between all categories.
Of the 55 patients identified, 52 (22 female) were included. Of these, seven were readmitted, six are smokers, 19 had mesenteric excision and 33 had Crohn’s positive resection margins. Chi-squared tests showed there are no significant correlations between patient and procedure variables, and readmission rates (p > 0.05).
We have not found sufficient evidence to conclude that a disease-free resection margin post colonic resection or any other patient-related factors are associated with decreased recurrence of CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Haiduc
- St. George's University, London, United Kingdom
| | - R Patel
- St. George's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Karim
- St. George's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
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18
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Mahamud M, Islam MS, Wahed F, Karim A. Trend of Carcinoma of the Stomach in Relation to Site, Age and Aetiology: Study of 112 Cases in a Tertiary Level Hospital. Mymensingh Med J 2021; 30:395-401. [PMID: 33830119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Stomach cancer is the fourth most common cancer worldwide, but due to its poor prognosis, it is the second most common cause of cancer deaths worldwide. The incidence of carcinoma of gastric cardia is found to be increasing, while that of the antrum is seen to be decreasing. Data from Bangladesh is lacking on this aspect. The objective of this study was to understand the trends of frequency and localization of gastric cancers arising from the gastric cardia, body and antrum of the stomach in population of Bangladesh, which may enable us to identify important high risk populations, prevention strategies, and ultimately best treatment strategies. This cross sectional descriptive hospital record based study was conducted in Mymensingh Medical College Hospital during the period of June 2010 to January 2011. Data were collected from hospital records of 112 cases with carcinoma of stomach, confirmed by histopathology, admitted in Mymensingh Medical College Hospital during January 2007 to June 2010. Data collection, compilation, statistical analyses were performed manually. In this study 54.46% cases are in the age group of 50-60 year, mean age was 57.23 year and standard deviation was 57.37 and the second highest (31.25%) was in the age group of 61-70 year. Incidence of gastric carcinoma predominates in male. In this study 81(72.32%) patients were male and 31(27.68%) patients were female. Male to female ratio is 2.61:1. Majority 80(71.43%) of patients were smoker and 32(28.57%) patients were nonsmoker. Majority of the patients 90(80.36%) came from lower socioeconomic group, 19(16.96%) patients were from middle socioeconomic group and 3(2.68%) patients were from high socio-economic group. There is a link between diet and carcinoma stomach, suggested in various study. Here, 112(100%) took carbohydrate as the staple food. Salt preserved dried fish also was present in a significant number of patients 100(89.29%). Vegetables and fresh fruits were taken by 80(71.42%) patients. Antral region was involved in 65(58.03%) cases. In 28(25%) cases the lesion was in the body of the stomach. Cardiac end of the stomach was involved in only 19(16.97%) cases. Following histopathology, poorly differentiated carcinoma was found in 68(60.71%) patients well differentiated carcinoma in 24(21.43%) and moderately differentiated carcinoma in 20(17.86%) patients. This study found that stomach cancer in Bangladesh showed characteristics which are similar to other nations. As carcinoma stomach is one of the important causes of cancer mortality, and as there is no population based study in our country, further study needed and therefore it remains a major public health concern in need of prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mahamud
- Dr Mukti Mahamud, Assistant Professor, Surgery, Sheikh Hasina Medical College, Jamalpur, Bangladesh E-mail:
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19
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Prakoeswa CRS, Bonita L, Karim A, Herwanto N, Umborowati MA, Setyaningrum T, Hidayati AN, Surono IS. Beneficial effect of Lactobacillus plantarum IS-10506 supplementation in adults with atopic dermatitis: a randomized controlled trial. J DERMATOL TREAT 2020; 33:1491-1498. [PMID: 33040631 DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2020.1836310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although the therapeutic effects of probiotics in atopic dermatitis (AD) are known, the limited findings in adults are inconsistent. Lactobacillus plantarum (LP) IS-10506 was found to improve AD symptoms due to its immunomodulatory effects. OBJECTIVE To assess the Scoring Atopic Dermatitis Index (SCORAD), the serum immunoglobulin E (IgE), interleukin (IL)-4, interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), forkhead box P3 (Foxp3+), and IL-17 levels in adults with mild and moderate AD after LP IS-10506 supplementation. METHODS A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial comparing the microencapsulated probiotic (2 × 1010 CFU/day) and placebo (skim milk-Avicel) was conducted at an outpatient clinic on 30 adults with mild and moderate AD. The patients were divided into 2 groups with 15 patients each: intervention and control. RESULT The SCORAD score was significantly lower in the probiotic than the placebo group on the 8th week. The IL-4 and IL-17 levels were significantly lower in the probiotic than the placebo group. The IFN-γ and Foxp3+ levels were significantly higher in the probiotic than the placebo group. However, the IgE levels remained significantly unchanged. CONCLUSION The administration of LP IS-10506 is effective for alleviating AD symptoms in adults owing to its immunomodulatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- C R S Prakoeswa
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Dr. Soetomo Teaching Hospital, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - L Bonita
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Dr. Soetomo Teaching Hospital, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - A Karim
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Dr. Soetomo Teaching Hospital, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - N Herwanto
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Dr. Soetomo Teaching Hospital, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - M A Umborowati
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Dr. Soetomo Teaching Hospital, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - T Setyaningrum
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Dr. Soetomo Teaching Hospital, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - A N Hidayati
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Dr. Soetomo Teaching Hospital, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - I S Surono
- Faculty of Engineering, Food Technology Department, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, Indonesia
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Yang Z, Drew AJ, van Smaalen S, van Well N, Pratt FL, Stenning GBG, Karim A, Rabia K. Multiple magnetic-phase transitions and critical behavior of charge-density wave compound TbTe 3. J Phys Condens Matter 2020; 32:305801. [PMID: 32217832 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ab8425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We report multiple magnetic phase transitions and critical behavior of the 2D charge-density wave compound TbTe3 studied by μSR measurements and dc magnetization measurements. Zero-field μSR has shown three magnetic transitions below 7 K. The longitudinal field measurements under 50 G has confirmed the first transition at T N = 6.3 K. Scaling analysis from above T N gives the critical exponent w = 0.63(5), suggesting the Ising 3D antiferromagnetic nature of the ordering, which is likely mediated by the 2D correlations. However, the obtained w = 0.81(5) below T N indicates the ferromagnetic phase, which arises over the multiphase transitions at lower temperatures. Temperature-dependent transverse frequency shift gives a relatively smaller exponent γ = 1.0(1) than the Ising 3D model. The different transitions were also observed by dc magnetization measurements, suggesting two magnetic transitions at 7.4 K and 3.1 K, which correspond to the antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic phases respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Yang
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, 327 Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
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Salehi Sahlabadi A, Karim A, Khatabakhsh A, Soori H. Ergonomic Evaluation of Office Staff by Rapid Office Strain Assessment Method and Its Relationship with the Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Disorders. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.29252/j.health.11.2.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Patel R, Hainsworth AJ, Devlin K, Patel JH, Karim A. Frequency and severity of general surgical emergencies during the COVID-19 pandemic: single-centre experience from a large metropolitan teaching hospital. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2020; 102:1-6. [PMID: 32594751 PMCID: PMC7388952 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2020.0147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The COVID-19 pandemic has put significant stress on healthcare systems globally. This study focuses on emergency general surgery services at a major trauma centre and teaching hospital. We aimed to identify whether the number of patients and the severity of their presentation has significantly changed since the implementation of a national lockdown. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study is a retrospective review of acute referrals (from general practice and accident and emergency) to the emergency general surgery team over a 14-day period before (group 1) and during (group 2) lockdown. RESULTS A total of 151 patients were reviewed by the general surgical team in group 1 and 75 in group 2 (a 50.3% reduction). The number of days with symptoms prior to presentation was significantly shorter in group 1 compared with group 2 (3 vs 4, p = 0.04). There was no significant difference in the National Early Warning Score, white blood cell count, lymphocytes and C-reactive protein on admission between the two groups of patients. There were significantly fewer patients admitted after lockdown compared with pre-lockdown (66% vs 48%, p = 0.01). Length of hospital stay was significantly shorter during lockdown compared with pre-lockdown (5 days vs 4 days, p = 0.04). CONCLUSION Fewer patients were referred and admitted during lockdown compared with pre-lockdown, and the length of stay was also significantly reduced. There was also a delay in presentation to hospital, although these patients were not more unwell based on the scoring criteria used within this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Patel
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, St. George’s Hospital, London, UK
| | - AJ Hainsworth
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, St. George’s Hospital, London, UK
| | - K Devlin
- Imaging Department, St. George’s Hospital, London, UK
| | - JH Patel
- Imaging Department, St. George’s Hospital, London, UK
| | - A Karim
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, St. George’s Hospital, London, UK
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Edder Y, Lahcen IA, Faris A, Fdil N, Boualy B, Karim A. Synthesis and Characterization of New Chalcone Derivatives of Aryl-Himachalene. ORG PREP PROCED INT 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00304948.2020.1751562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Edder
- Equipe de Chimie de Coordination et Catalyse, Département de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences, Université Cadi Ayyad, Semlalia, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - I. Ait Lahcen
- Equipe de Chimie de Coordination et Catalyse, Département de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences, Université Cadi Ayyad, Semlalia, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - A. Faris
- Equipe de Chimie de Coordination et Catalyse, Département de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences, Université Cadi Ayyad, Semlalia, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - N. Fdil
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, Faculté de Médecine de Marrakech, Université Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - B. Boualy
- Laboratoire de Chimie, Modélisation et science de l’environnement, Faculté Polydisciplinaire de Khouribga, University Sultan Moulay Slimane of Beni-Mellal, Khouribga, Morocco
| | - A. Karim
- Equipe de Chimie de Coordination et Catalyse, Département de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences, Université Cadi Ayyad, Semlalia, Marrakech, Morocco
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AlJumah M, Bunyan R, Al Otaibi H, Al Towaijri G, Karim A, Al Malik Y, Kalakatawi M, Alrajeh S, Al Mejally M, Algahtani H, Almubarak A, Cupler E, Alawi S, Qureshi S, Nahrir S, Almalki A, Alhazzani A, Althubaiti I, Alzahrani N, Mohamednour E, Saeedi J, Ishak S, Almudaiheem H, El-Metwally A, Al-Jedai A. Rising prevalence of multiple sclerosis in Saudi Arabia, a descriptive study. BMC Neurol 2020; 20:49. [PMID: 32035478 PMCID: PMC7007659 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-020-1629-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In 2015, the first nationwide, multicenter Multiple Sclerosis (MS) registry was initiated in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) mainly with an objective to describe current epidemiology, disease patterns, and clinical characteristics of MS in Saudi Arabia. This article aimed to report initial findings of the registry and regional prevalence of MS. METHOD In 2015, a national MS registry was launched in KSA to register all MS patient with confirmed diagnosis according to the 2010 McDonald Criteria. The registry aimed to identify and recruit all healthcare facilities treating MS patients in the Kingdom, and collect data such as demographics, clinical characteristics (disease onset, diagnosis, presentation of symptoms at onset, disease course, relapse rate, and disability measures), family history, and treatments. All the included sites have obtained IRB/EC approvals for participating in the registry. Currently, the registry includes 20 hospitals from different regions across the Kingdom. The Projected prevalence was calculated based on the assumption that the number of diagnosed MS cases in participating hospitals (in each region) is similar to the number of cases in remaining nonparticipant hospitals in the same region. RESULTS As of September 2018, the registry has included 20 hospitals from the different regions across the Kingdom and has collected comprehensive data on 2516 patients from those hospitals, with median age 32 (Range: 11-63) and 66.5% being females. The reported prevalence of MS for those hospitals was estimated to be 7.70/100,000 population and 11.80/100,000 Saudi nationals. Based on the assumption made earlier, we projected the prevalence for each region and for the country as a whole. The overall prevalence of MS at the country level was reported to be 40.40/100,000 total population and 61.95/100,000 Saudi nationals. Around 3 out of every 4 patients (77.5%) were 40 years of age or younger. Female to male ratio was 2:1. The prevalence was higher among females, young and educated individuals across all five regions of Saudi Arabia. CONCLUSION The prevalence of MS has significantly increased in Saudi Arabia but is still much lower than that in the western and other neighboring countries like Kuwait, Qatar, and the UAE. However, compared to the past rates, Saudi Arabia's projected prevalence of MS through this national study is 40.40/100,000 population, putting the Kingdom above the low risk zone as per Kurtzke classification. The projected prevalence was estimated to be much higher among Saudi nationals (61.95/100,000 Saudi-nationals). The prevalence was higher among female, younger and educated individuals. Further studies are needed to assess the risk factors associated with increased prevalence in Saudi Arabia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - R Bunyan
- King Fahd Specialist Hospital (KFSH)-Dammam, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - H Al Otaibi
- King Fahd General Hospital-Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - G Al Towaijri
- King Fahd Medical City (KFMC), MOH, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Karim
- King Fahd General Hospital-Al-Madinah, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Y Al Malik
- King Abdulaziz Medical City (National Guard Health Affairs)-Riyadh, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Saud bin Abdulaziz University For Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - S Alrajeh
- Dr. Sulaiman Al Habib Hospital-Olaya Branch, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - H Algahtani
- King Abdul-Aziz Medical City (National Guard Health Affairs), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - E Cupler
- King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - S Alawi
- Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - S Qureshi
- Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare Company (JHAH), Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - S Nahrir
- King Saud Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Almalki
- King Abdul-Aziz Hospital and Oncology Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - I Althubaiti
- King Fahad Military Medical Complex, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - N Alzahrani
- King Fahd General Hospital, Baha, Saudi Arabia
| | - E Mohamednour
- King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Qassim, Saudi Arabia
| | - J Saeedi
- King Abdullah Bin Abdulaziz University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - S Ishak
- Itkan Health Consulting, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - H Almudaiheem
- Ministry of Health, Deputyship of Therapeutic Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - A El-Metwally
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University For Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Al-Jedai
- Ministry of Health, Deputyship of Therapeutic Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Karim A, Poirot O, Khatoon A, Aurongzeb M. Draft genome sequence of a novel Bacillus glycinifermentans strain having antifungal and antibacterial properties. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2019; 19:308-310. [PMID: 31639546 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2019.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Bacillus spp. have been used as biocontrol agents against soilborne pathogens because they produce secondary metabolites that exhibit a wide range of antibacterial or antifungal properties. In this study, a novel strain of Bacillus glycinifermentans sp. (JRCGR-1) was identified and its genome was sequenced and annotated. The genome was explored for putative genes involved in antimicrobial activity. METHODS Whole-genome sequencing was performed on an Illumina NextSeq 500 platform. Read quality was checked by FastQC, paired-end reads were trimmed using Sickle, and de novo assembly was performed using SPAdes v.3.11.11. QUAST 5.02 was used to assess the quality of contigs and scaffolds. Finally, the assembled scaffolds were annotated by Prokka v.1.13. Genes involved in antimicrobial metabolite biosynthesis were predicted using antiSMASH. Virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes were predicted using BacWGSTdb and the Comprehensive Antibiotic Resistance Database (CARD), respectively. RESULTS The genome of B. glycinifermentans JRCGR-1 was 4 700 692 bp in size with a G + C content of 45.52%. Final assembly of the genome resulted into 84 contigs and 83 scaffolds (>500 bp length). Overall, the genome comprises 5174 genes, 32 tRNAs, 4 rRNAs, 1 tmRNA and 92 misc_RNAs. Eleven putative gene clusters responsible for antimicrobial metabolite biosynthesis were identified, including genes for biosynthesis of non-ribosomal lipopeptides and polyketides. Virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes were also identified in the genome. CONCLUSION The presence of antimicrobial resistance genes in the genome of B. glycinifermentans JRCGR-1 makes it a potential biocontrol agent against soilborne pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Karim
- Jamil-Ur-Rahman Center for Genome Research, Dr Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research (PCMD), International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences (ICCBS), University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
| | - O Poirot
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Structural and Genomic Information Laboratory, UMR 7256 (IMM FR 3479), 163 Avenue de Luminy, Case 934, 13288, Marseille Cedex 9, France
| | - A Khatoon
- Jamil-Ur-Rahman Center for Genome Research, Dr Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research (PCMD), International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences (ICCBS), University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - M Aurongzeb
- Jamil-Ur-Rahman Center for Genome Research, Dr Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research (PCMD), International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences (ICCBS), University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
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Shaheen MA, Xiao W, Aziz M, Karim A, Saleem M, Mustaqeem M, Mehmood T, Tahir MN, Sultan A, Simair A, Lu C. Synthesis and Antibacterial Evaluation of Cu(II), Co(II), and Mn(II) Complexes with Schiff Bases Derived from 5-Aminosalicylic Acid and o-Vanillin. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363219080231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Khatoon A, Malik HMT, Aurongzeb M, Raza SA, Karim A. Draft genome of a macrolide resistant XDR Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi A strain using a shotgun sequencing approach. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2019; 19:129-131. [PMID: 31505298 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2019.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi A, the causative pathogen of enteric fever, is a major public-health concern affecting millions of people around the world. We conducted whole-genome sequencing and analysis of a novel macrolide-resistant Salmonella Paratyphi A strain isolated from Karachi, Pakistan. METHODS Genomic DNA of Salmonella Paratyphi A strain JRCGR-AK14 was sequenced on a MiSeq platform. Read quality was evaluated and paired-end reads were assembled into contigs and scaffolds. The quality of contigs and scaffolds was evaluated and assembled contigs were annotated. Virulence genes, antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs), tRNAs, rRNAs, coding sequences and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPRs) were identified. ARGs and mutations in quinolone-resistance determining regions (QRDRs) were identified by Antimicrobial Resistance Identification By Assembly (ARIBA) and ResFinder. Known and unknow mutations in the QRDRs were predicted. RESULTS The genome of Salmonella Paratyphi A was calculated at 4529866 bp with 4381 genes and 1088 hypothetical proteins. Several putative genes coding for multidrug efflux pumps were identified. In addition, gene mutations conferring resistance to nitrofurantoin (e.g. marA, mdsC, Escherichia coli soxS), pulvomycin (e.g. H-NS, cpxA, E. coli EF-Tu) and fosfomycin (CRP, kdpE, E. coli glpT) were also identified. Several ARGs along with the mobile genetic element transposon Tn10 were also identified. It is evident from the results that diverse redundant mechanisms are involved in regulation of drug resistance in this strain. CONCLUSION The current findings provide valuable data for understanding the multidrug resistance and pathogenic characteristics of clinical Salmonella Paratyphi A isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Khatoon
- Jamil-ur-Rahman Center for Genome Research, Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences (ICCBS), University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - H M T Malik
- Jamil-ur-Rahman Center for Genome Research, Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences (ICCBS), University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - M Aurongzeb
- Jamil-ur-Rahman Center for Genome Research, Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences (ICCBS), University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - S A Raza
- Jamil-ur-Rahman Center for Genome Research, Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences (ICCBS), University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - A Karim
- Jamil-ur-Rahman Center for Genome Research, Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences (ICCBS), University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan; Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IGS, Structural and Genomic Information Laboratory (UMR7256), Mediterranean Institute of Microbiology (FR3479), Marseille, France.
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Panhwar M, Karim A, Ginwalla M. Use of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) in Acute Myocarditis - Insights from a National Inpatient Database. J Heart Lung Transplant 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2019.01.415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Kurihara C, Walter J, Karim A, Wunderink R, Budinger GGRS, Bharat A. Feasibility and Safety of Systemic Anticoagulation-Free Veno-Venous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Adults Respiratory Failure Patients. J Heart Lung Transplant 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2019.01.850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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30
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Kabir M, Karim A. Nutritional Status and Age at Secondary Sterility in Rural Bangladesh. Food Nutr Bull 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/156482658400600309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This paper suggests that there may be an inverse relationship between age at menopause and nutritional status, as determined by anthropometry, in poorly nourished populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Kabir
- Department of Statistics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - A. Karim
- Department of Statistics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Alsulaiman R, Bujassoum S, Bener A, Doodson L, Ghuloum S, Lemaux A, Bugrein H, Alasaam R, Karim A. Exploring the effectiveness of crisis counselling and psycho-education in relation to improving mental wellbeing, quality of life and treatment compliance of breast cancer patients in Qatar. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy296.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Daoudi C, Chahdi KO, Lezrek O, Karim A, Daoudi R. [Whitnall's ligament suspension technique in ptosis surgery]. J Fr Ophtalmol 2017; 40:763-769. [PMID: 29054480 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfo.2017.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2016] [Revised: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We report our experience in ptosis surgery using the technique of Whitnall's ligament suspension in congenital ptosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective study of 20 cases of congenital ptosis treated by the technique of Whitnall's ligament suspension, 8 by the posterior approach and 12 by the anterior approach. Patients were randomized into 3 groups according to upper eyelid levator function. Postoperative follow-up was obtained on day 1, one week, one month, three months and one year. RESULTS All patients had good correction; 3 had an under-correction as a three-month final result, of which only one required reoperation for an unsatisfactory result. There was no abnormal curvature of the lid margin or malposition of the lid crease. All lids required initial over-correction, which yielded a good end result. The success rate was 85%. DISCUSSION The technique of Whitnall's ligament suspension for the treatment of ptosis has rarely been described in the literature, but the few studies reported show its equivalence in terms of results to other surgical techniques for treatment of ptosis and also confirm its superiority in terms of respect for anatomy and physiology of the eyelid. CONCLUSION This technique is particularly suited to the treatment of congenital ptosis with moderate levator function, and the results are promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Daoudi
- Department A of ophtalmology, Teaching hospital of Rabat, Mohamend V Souissi University, 10170 Souissi, Rabat, Maroc.
| | - K O Chahdi
- Department A of ophtalmology, Teaching hospital of Rabat, Mohamend V Souissi University, 10170 Souissi, Rabat, Maroc
| | - O Lezrek
- Department A of ophtalmology, Teaching hospital of Rabat, Mohamend V Souissi University, 10170 Souissi, Rabat, Maroc
| | - A Karim
- Department A of ophtalmology, Teaching hospital of Rabat, Mohamend V Souissi University, 10170 Souissi, Rabat, Maroc
| | - R Daoudi
- Department A of ophtalmology, Teaching hospital of Rabat, Mohamend V Souissi University, 10170 Souissi, Rabat, Maroc
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I. Siddiqui N, A. Versiani M, Jawaid K, Shafique M, Hameed A, Ambreen N, Karim A, M. Khan K. Synthesis, Spectroscopic Characterization and Antimicrobial Activities of Benzoxazolone Derivatives. Med Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.2174/1573406413666161205121652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Khalil R, Godde B, Karim A. P093 Transcranial cortex stimulation, neuroplasticity and learning: An experimental and computational study. Clin Neurophysiol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2016.10.218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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35
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Karim A, Rawstorne E, Cubas V, McArthur D. Colonic and rectal dissection for proctocolectomy - a video vignette. Colorectal Dis 2017; 19:299. [PMID: 28251789 DOI: 10.1111/codi.13554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A Karim
- Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - E Rawstorne
- Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - V Cubas
- Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - D McArthur
- Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
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Karim A, Khalil R, Schneider M, Lotze M, Khedr E, Birbaumer N. P111 Neurobiology of deception and moral cognition. Clin Neurophysiol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2016.10.234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Marasini BP, Rahim F, Perveen S, Karim A, Mohammed Khan K, Atta-ur-Rahman, Choudhary MI. Synthesis, structure-activity relationships studies of benzoxazinone derivatives as α -chymotrypsin inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2017; 70:210-221. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Aftab MF, Afridi SK, Mughal UR, Karim A, Haleem DJ, Kabir N, Khan KM, Hafizur RM, Waraich RS. New isatin derivative inhibits neurodegeneration by restoring insulin signaling in brain. J Chem Neuroanat 2017; 81:1-9. [PMID: 28093241 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes is associated with neurodegeneration. Glycation ensues in diabetes and glycated proteins cause insulin resistance in brain resulting in amyloid plaques and NFTs. Also glycation enhances gliosis by promoting neuroinflammation. Currently there is no therapy available to target neurodegenration in brain therefore, development of new therapy that offers neuroprotection is critical. The objective of this study was to evaluate mechanistic effect of isatin derivative URM-II-81, an anti-glycation agent for improvement of insulin action in brain and inhibition of neurodegenration. Methylglyoxal induced stress was inhibited by treatment with URM-II-81. Also, Ser473 and Ser9 phosphorylation of Akt and GSK-3β respectively were restored by URM-II-81. Effect of URM-II-81 on axonal integrity was studied by differentiating Neuro2A using retinoic acid. URM-II-81 restored axonal length in MGO treated cells. Its effects were also studied in high fat and low dose streptozotocin induced diabetic mice where it reduced RBG levels and inhibited glycative stress by reducing HbA1c. URM-II-81 treatment also showed inhibition of gliosis in hippocampus. Histological analysis showed reduced NFTs in CA3 hippocampal region and restoration of insulin signaling in hippocampii of diabetic mice. Our findings suggest that URM-II-81 can be developed as a new therapeutic agent for treatment of neurodegenration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meha Fatima Aftab
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270 Pakistan
| | - Shabbir Khan Afridi
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270 Pakistan
| | - Uzma Rasool Mughal
- H.E.J Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270 Pakistan
| | - Aneela Karim
- H.E.J Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270 Pakistan
| | - Darakhshan Jabeen Haleem
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270 Pakistan
| | - Nurul Kabir
- University of Malaya, Institute of Biological Sciences, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Khalid M Khan
- H.E.J Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270 Pakistan
| | - Rahman M Hafizur
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270 Pakistan
| | - Rizwana S Waraich
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270 Pakistan.
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Siddiqui NI, Versiani MA, Jawaid K, Shafique M, Hameed A, Ambreen N, Karim A, Khan KM. Synthesis, spectroscopic characterization and antimicrobial activities of benzoxazolone derivatives. Med Chem 2016:MC-EPUB-80142. [PMID: 27917708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Revised: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
: Background: Pathogenic microbial diseases are now the key virulence in our daily life. Significant research has been carried out in order to trigger the bacterial infections. Amongst the organic molecules, oxazolone and derivatives were found to have excellent bioactivities including antimicrobial activities. METHODS By keeping in mind the considerable antimicrobial activities of class benzoxazolones, a series of benzoxazolone derivatives 3-16 have been synthesized. Out of which five compounds 10, 11, 14, 15, and 16 were new synthetic derivatives whereas compounds 9, 12, and 13 were already known compounds. These compounds have been synthesized by refluxing of amino phenol and 1,1-carbonyldiimidazole1 (C3H3N2)2CO) (CDI) in a dry THF and then treated with commercially available acid chloride. The structures of the compounds were elucidated on the basis of 1H-NMR, EIMS and elemental analysis. All the compounds were screened for their antibacterial activities and tested by agar well diffusion method. RESULTS Compounds 14 and 16 showed good activity against S. aureus. Compound 5 showed good while 14 and 16 were found to be most active against E. coli using cefuroxime as a standard. Antifungal activities were carried out by using standard drug nystatin and compounds 4, 5, 9, 11 and compound 12 were found to be active against C. albicans. Compounds 4, 5, 9 and compound 10 showed good while 7, 11, and compound 13 showed excellent activities against Chrysosporium sp. Compounds 6, 7 and compound 12 were found to be most active against A niger and A. flavus, respectively. CONCLUSION A number of derivatives were identified to have potent antimicrobial activities and may serve as lead compounds for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Khalid Mohammed Khan
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi-75270, Pakistan
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Karim A, Rawstorne E, Cubas V, McArthur D. Laparoscopic Protack rectopexy for the management of full thickness rectal prolapse - a video vignette. Colorectal Dis 2016; 18:1187-1188. [PMID: 27753180 DOI: 10.1111/codi.13544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A Karim
- Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - E Rawstorne
- Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - V Cubas
- Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - D McArthur
- Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
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Rawstorne E, Karim A, Cubas V, McArthur D. Lateral to medial dissection for laparoscopic anterior resection - a video vignette. Colorectal Dis 2016; 18:1188. [PMID: 27911059 DOI: 10.1111/codi.13556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- E Rawstorne
- Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - A Karim
- Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - V Cubas
- Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - D McArthur
- Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
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Karim A, Bhattacharjee U, Puro K, Shakuntala I, Sanjukta R, Das S, Ghatak S, Sen A. Detection of Peste des petits ruminants virus and goatpox virus from an outbreak in goats with high mortality in Meghalaya state, India. Vet World 2016; 9:1025-1027. [PMID: 27733807 PMCID: PMC5057024 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2016.1025-1027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: We describe a laboratory investigation carried out to confirm the etiology of the heavy mortality (37 animals died out of total 44, i.e. 84%) in goats in Ri-Bhoi district of Meghalaya, Northeast region of India in December 2015. The clinical signs observed were abortion, diarrhea, high fever (up to 104°F), pox lesion in the skin, and respiratory distress. Materials and Methods: The samples comprising whole blood, sera, and pox lesion were collected from the animals (n=7) from an outbreak for the screening of peste des petits ruminants (PPR) and poxviruses. The whole blood and sera were used for screening of PPR virus (PPRV) by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and antibody by competitive ELISA as well as detection of PPRV partial N gene by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The skin lesions were used for the detection of poxvirus by PCR. Results: The results showed the presence of PPR antigens (58-80%) in the samples by sandwich ELISA and antibody in all the sera samples ranging from 9% to 41% positivity in competitive ELISA. Four samples were positive for PPRV partial N gene. The skin lesion screened for poxvirus was also found to be positive for I3L gene of goatpox virus. Conclusion: We confirm the outbreak of disease in goats with high mortality is a case of mixed infection of PPR and goatpox detected for the first time in Northeast India.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Karim
- Division of Animal Health, Indian Council of Agricultural Research - North Eastern Hill Region, Umiam - 793 013, Meghalaya, India
| | - U Bhattacharjee
- Division of Animal Health, Indian Council of Agricultural Research - North Eastern Hill Region, Umiam - 793 013, Meghalaya, India
| | - K Puro
- Division of Animal Health, Indian Council of Agricultural Research - North Eastern Hill Region, Umiam - 793 013, Meghalaya, India
| | - I Shakuntala
- Division of Animal Health, Indian Council of Agricultural Research - North Eastern Hill Region, Umiam - 793 013, Meghalaya, India
| | - R Sanjukta
- Division of Animal Health, Indian Council of Agricultural Research - North Eastern Hill Region, Umiam - 793 013, Meghalaya, India
| | - S Das
- Division of Animal Health, Indian Council of Agricultural Research - North Eastern Hill Region, Umiam - 793 013, Meghalaya, India
| | - S Ghatak
- Division of Animal Health, Indian Council of Agricultural Research - North Eastern Hill Region, Umiam - 793 013, Meghalaya, India
| | - A Sen
- Division of Animal Health, Indian Council of Agricultural Research - North Eastern Hill Region, Umiam - 793 013, Meghalaya, India
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Tiruneh G, Karim A, Yihun B, Betemariam W, Desta K. Quality of expanded program for immunization (EPI) and its determinants
in seven selected zones of Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study. Ann Glob Health 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aogh.2016.04.515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Afridi SK, Aftab MF, Murtaza M, Ghaffar S, Karim A, Mughal UR, Khan KM, Waraich RS. A new glycotoxins inhibitor attenuates insulin resistance in liver and fat cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 476:188-195. [PMID: 27233608 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.05.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Glycotoxins/Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) have implications in development of diabetes and related diseases. In the present study we deciphered the mechanisms of action of URM-II-81, a new derivative of isatin, in alleviation of insulin resistance in human hepatocytes and murine adipocytes. URM-II-81 reduced AGEs formation and receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) expression in both cell types. We also observed suppression of methylglyoxal (MGO) mediated ROS production and deactivation of PKC-α. URM-II-81 restored proximal insulin signaling by modulating IRS-1 phosphorylation. URM-II-81 also alleviated MGO mediated diminished distal insulin signaling by increasing protein kinase B (PKB) and glycogen synthase kinase 3-beta (GSK-3-beta) phosphorylation. Glycogen synthesis was also increased in hepatocytes after treatment with URM-II-81. In adipocytes URM-II-81 prevented MGO induced reduced glucose uptake. We conclude that URM-II-81 can be a possible treatment target to address glycotoxins induced insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabbir Khan Afridi
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Meha Fatima Aftab
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Munazza Murtaza
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Safina Ghaffar
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Aneela Karim
- HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Uzma Rasool Mughal
- HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Khalid Mohammed Khan
- HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Rizwana Sanaullah Waraich
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
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Singh S, Sankar M, Karim A, Cordeiro Da-Silva A, Project Team K. Immunomodulatory and toxicological safety studies of two novel anti-leishmanial compounds. Int J Infect Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2016.02.818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Abstract
Partial-thickness cartilage injuries do not heal effectively, potentially leading to degeneration as occurs in post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA). The role of chondrocytes could be crucial in determining the nature of the repair; however, their response to this injury is poorly understood. We have utilised an in vitro bovine osteochondral partial-thickness scalpel injury model and determined chondrocyte properties at and distant from the injury in the presence/absence of (a) serum-free DMEM (340 mOsm), (b) synovial fluid DMEM (SF-DMEM), (c) foetal calf serum DMEM (FCS-DMEM), (d) hyperosmolar serum-free DMEM (600 mOsm), or (e) hyperosmolar FCS-DMEM for up to two weeks. Chondrocytes were fluorescently-labelled with 5-chloromethylfluorescein-diacetate (CMFDA)/propidium iodide (PI) for live/dead cells and imaged using confocal microscopy. Quantitative data were obtained on chondrocyte properties (cell volume, clusters, morphology) at and distant from the injury. In serum-free DMEM, chondrocyte morphology at the injury remained unaffected throughout culture. However, with SF-DMEM or FCS-DMEM the chondrocytes displayed an increase in volume (p < 0.0001), cluster formation (FCS; p < 0.01) and abnormal morphology (p < 0.001) compared to serum-free DMEM. Cluster formation and shape changes during FCS-DMEM culture were more pronounced than with SF-DMEM. SF-DMEM or FCS-DMEM stimulated these changes to chondrocytes at the injury with only small effects on distant cells. Hyperosmolarity inhibited the morphological and volume changes to chondrocytes induced by FCS-DMEM (p < 0.001) and the injured cartilage had the appearance of that in serum-free DMEM. Raised osmolarity may therefore have benefit in preserving the morphological phenotype of chondrocytes at the site of injury, and thus promote more effective integrative repair in partial-thickness cartilage injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Karim
- Centre for Integrative Physiology, Deanery of Biomedical Sciences, Hugh Robson Building, George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, Scotland,
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Aftab MF, Afridi SK, Ghaffar S, Murtaza M, Khan M, Karim A, Khan KM, Waraich RS. A bis-Schiff base of isatin improves methylglyoxal mediated insulin resistance in skeletal muscle cells. Arch Pharm Res 2015:10.1007/s12272-015-0670-z. [PMID: 26519157 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-015-0670-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/03/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Methylglyoxal (MGO) is a highly reactive advanced glycation end products (AGEs) precursor and its abnormal accumulation causes damage to various tissues and organs. In our previous study, we synthesized a novel MGO inhibitor, MK-I-81, a bis-Schiff base derivative of isatin. In this study we demonstrate the mechanism of action of MK-I-81, on insulin resistance in skeletal muscle cells. MK-I-81 reduced AGEs formation and restored proximal insulin signaling by modulating IRS-1 phosphorylation. MK-I-81 also alleviated MGO mediated diminished distal insulin signaling by increasing protein kinase B and glycogen synthase kinase 3-beta phosphorylation. We also observed that MK-I-81 prevented reduced glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis induced by MGO in muscle cells. We found that the mechanism of action by which MK-I-81 reduced insulin resistance was suppression of production of MGO mediated ROS production in C2C12 cells. We evaluated deactivation of PKC-α and receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) after treatment of cells with MK-I-81. MK-I-81 also reduced MGO mediated IRS-1, PKC-α and RAGE interaction in muscle cells. MK-I-81 also promoted nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2 phosphorylation, heme oxygenase-1 and glyoxalase expression levels. We conclude that MK-I-81 can be a potential therapeutic target to address AGEs mediated insulin resistance. A novel Advanced Glycation End products (AGEs) inhibitor, MK-I-81 (a bis Schiff base of isatin), restored AGEs mediated down regulation of insulin signaling via modulating key molecules of proximal and distal insulin signaling. MK-I-81 also increased glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis in muscle cells. Novel bis-Schiff base of isatin showed significant antioxidant activity and also reduced receptor for AGEs (RAGE) expression and PKC-alpha activation therefore; MK-I-81 reduces AGEs induced insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meha Fatima Aftab
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Shabbir Khan Afridi
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Safina Ghaffar
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Munazza Murtaza
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Momin Khan
- HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Aneela Karim
- HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Khalid Mohammed Khan
- HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Rizwana Sanaullah Waraich
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan.
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Longoria J, Karim A, Miller D, Maricle D. NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL DOMAINS: ATTENTIONB-80Attentional Processes that Predict Academic Achievement in Children. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acv047.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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