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Syed G, Sims J, House SH, Bruno B, Boulware A, Tang K, Curenton SM. Innovations and Opportunities in Care for Black Mothers and Birthing People. Fam Community Health 2023; 46:87-94. [PMID: 36799941 DOI: 10.1097/fch.0000000000000361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, there has been increased attention given to how racism fuels health inequities, including the inadequacy of prenatal care (PNC) that Black women and Black birthing people receive. This increase of attention has brought notable advancements in research, practice, and policy that intend to better understand and address these systemic inequities within the health care system. This review aims to provide an overview of promising developments in the study of Black mothers' and birthing people's experiences in PNC and delivery, to detail current research surrounding interventions to improve quality and mitigate bias in obstetric care, and to offer ways in which legislation can support such strategies targeting the root causes of inequities in care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gullnar Syed
- SRI International, Arlington, Virginia (Ms Syed); Wheelock College of Education & Human Development, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts (Mss Syed, Bruno, and Tang and Drs Sims and Curenton); Center for Youth, Family, and Community Partnerships, Durham County Cooperative Extension, North Carolina State University (Dr House); and Comparative Human Development, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (Dr Boulware)
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Schwandt H, Boulware A, Corey J, Herrera A, Hudler E, Imbabazi C, King I, Linus J, Manzi I, Merritt M, Mezier L, Miller A, Morris H, Musemakweli D, Musekura U, Mutuyimana D, Ntakarutimana C, Patel N, Scanteianu A, Shemeza BE, Sterling-Donaldson G, Umutoni C, Uwera L, Zeiler M, Feinberg S. “She is courageous because she does not care what people think about her…”: attitudes toward adolescent contraception use among Rwandan family planning providers and adult female modern contraceptive users. Reprod Health 2022; 19:204. [PMID: 36333785 PMCID: PMC9636625 DOI: 10.1186/s12978-022-01517-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction In Rwanda, only 20% of sexually active unmarried young women use family planning as compared to 64% of married women. Adolescence is an important time of growth and development that often includes the initiation of sexual activity. Sexually active adolescents need support in accessing contraceptive services to prevent negative health outcomes. In sub-Saharan Africa, the adolescent population represents a large share of the total population and that proportion is predicted to expand over time. Adolescent contraceptive needs have largely been unmet, and with growing numbers, there is increased potential for negative health sequelae. Due to the low use of contraception by adolescents in Rwanda, and the growing population of adolescents, this study aims to explore the perspectives of family planning providers and adult modern contraceptive users on adolescent contraceptive use. Inclusion of adult community members in the study is a unique contribution, as research on adolescent contraceptive use in sub-Saharan Africa relies primarily on perspectives from adolescents and family planning providers. Methods This qualitative study in 2018 utilized 32 in-depth interviews with modern contraceptive users and eight focus group discussions with family planning providers. Respondents were from Musanze and Nyamasheke districts in Rwanda, the districts with the highest and lowest modern contraceptive use among married women, respectively. Coding was conducted in Atlas.ti. Results Stigma regarding premarital sex results in barriers to adolescent access to contraceptive services. Family planning providers do provide services to adolescents; however, they often recommend secondary abstinence, offer a limited method selection, and accentuate risks associated with sexual activity and contraceptive use. Providers support adolescent clients by emphasizing the need for privacy, confidentiality, and expedient services, particularly through youth corners, which are spaces within health facilities designed to meet youth needs specifically. Modern contraceptive-using adult female community members advocate for youth access to contraception, however mothers have mixed comfort discussing sexual health with their own youth. Conclusion To destigmatize premarital sexual activity, government efforts to initiate communication about this topic must occur at national and community levels with the goal of continued conversation within the family. The government should also train family planning providers and all health personnel interacting with youth on adolescent-friendly health services. Dialogue between community members and family planning providers about adolescent access to contraceptive services could also reduce barriers for adolescents due to community members’ generally supportive views on adolescent contraceptive use. Efforts to engage adolescent caregivers in how to talk to youth about sex could also contribute to expanded use. In Rwanda, youth who are having sex use family planning less than married women. This study involved asking family planning providers and adults what they think about youth using family planning. Data for this study was collected in 2018, and included 32 interviews with adult family planning users and eight group discussions with family planning providers in two areas of Rwanda. The findings show that Rwandans believe youth should not have sex before they are married. Family planning providers do provide youth with services; however, they often push stopping sexual activity, offer a smaller selection of family planning methods, and exaggerate risks associated with sex and family planning use. Family planning providers support youth by honoring their need for privacy, keeping their secrets, and providing fast services so fewer people see them at the clinic. Providers like to help adolescents in youth corners, which are special spaces within health facilities just for youth. Importantly, adult women who use family planning want youth in their community to be able to use family planning, too. In order to respond to the issues raised, the Rwandan government can start conversations in villages and more broadly about the need for youth to have access to family planning. The government should also teach family planning providers and anyone who comes into contact with youth to offer helpful and friendly services. Setting up spaces for adults to talk with family planning providers about youth access to family planning could also contribute to fewer barriers to services for adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilary Schwandt
- grid.281386.60000 0001 2165 7413Western Washington University, Bellingham, WA USA
| | - Angel Boulware
- grid.263934.90000 0001 2215 2150Spelman College, Atlanta, USA
| | - Julia Corey
- grid.422659.e0000 0000 9111 4134Wheaton College, Norton, USA
| | - Ana Herrera
- Northwest Vista Community College, San Antonio, USA
| | - Ethan Hudler
- grid.422656.10000 0000 9839 7069Whatcom Community College, Bellingham, USA
| | | | - Ilia King
- grid.268355.f0000 0000 9679 3586Xavier University, New Orleans, USA
| | - Jessica Linus
- grid.266673.00000 0001 2177 1144University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, USA
| | | | - Madelyn Merritt
- grid.281386.60000 0001 2165 7413Western Washington University, Bellingham, WA USA
| | - Lyn Mezier
- grid.264273.60000 0000 8999 307XSUNY Oswego, Oswego, USA
| | - Abigail Miller
- grid.281386.60000 0001 2165 7413Western Washington University, Bellingham, WA USA
| | - Haley Morris
- grid.268194.00000 0000 8547 0132Western Oregon University, Monmouth, USA
| | | | - Uwase Musekura
- grid.255407.10000 0001 0579 3386Eastern Oregon University, La Grande, USA
| | | | | | - Nirali Patel
- grid.252353.00000 0001 0583 8943Arcadia University, Glenside, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Lyse Uwera
- grid.442742.30000 0004 0435 552XINES, Ruhengeri, Rwanda
| | - Madeleine Zeiler
- grid.281386.60000 0001 2165 7413Western Washington University, Bellingham, WA USA
| | - Seth Feinberg
- grid.281386.60000 0001 2165 7413Western Washington University, Bellingham, WA USA
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Song B, Boulware A, Wong ZJ, Huang I, Whitaker AK, Hasselbacher L, Stulberg D. "This has definitely opened the doors": Provider perceptions of patient experiences with telemedicine for contraception in Illinois. Perspect Sex Reprod Health 2022; 54:80-89. [PMID: 36071608 PMCID: PMC9826464 DOI: 10.1363/psrh.12207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The COVID-19 pandemic increased the provision of contraception through telemedicine. This qualitative study describes provider perceptions of how telemedicine provision of contraception has impacted patient care. METHODS We interviewed 40 obstetrics-gynecology and family medicine physicians, midwives, nurse practitioners, and support staff providing contraception via telemedicine in practices across Illinois, including Planned Parenthood of Illinois (PPIL) health centers. We analyzed interview content to identify themes around the perceived impact of telemedicine implementation on contraception access, contraceptive counseling, patient privacy, and provision of long-acting reversible contraception (LARC). RESULTS Participants perceived that telemedicine implementation improved care by increasing contraception access, increasing focus on counseling while reducing bias, and allowing easier method switching. Participants thought disparities in telemedicine usage and limitations to the technological interface presented barriers to patient care. Participants' perceptions of how telemedicine implementation impacts patient privacy and LARC provision were mixed. Some participants found telemedicine implementation enhanced privacy, while others felt unable to ensure privacy in a virtual space. Participants found telemedicine modalities useful for counseling patients considering methods of LARC, but they sometimes presented an unnecessary extra step for those sure about receiving one at a practice offering same day insertion. CONCLUSION Providers felt telemedicine provision of contraception positively impacted patient care. Improvements to counseling and easier access to method switching suggest that telemedicine implementation may help reduce contraceptive coercion. Our findings highlight the need to integrate LARC care with telemedicine workflows, improve patient privacy protections, and promote equitable access to all telemedicine modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonnie Song
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyUniversity of Southern California/LAC+USC Medical CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Angel Boulware
- Department of Comparative Human DevelopmentUniversity of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | | | - Iris Huang
- Pritzker School of MedicineUniversity of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | | | - Lee Hasselbacher
- Center for Interdisciplinary Inquiry and Innovation in Sexual and Reproductive Health (Ci3)University of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Debra Stulberg
- Department of Family MedicineUniversity of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
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Corey J, Schwandt H, Boulware A, Herrera A, Hudler E, Imbabazi C, King I, Linus J, Manzi I, Merrit M, Mezier L, Miller A, Morris H, Musemakweli D, Musekura U, Mutuyimana D, Ntakarutimana C, Patel N, Scanteianu A, Shemeza BE, Sterling-Donaldson G, Umutoni C, Uwera L, Zeiler M, Feinberg S. Family planning demand generation in Rwanda: Government efforts at the national and community level impact interpersonal communication and family norms. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0266520. [PMID: 35390080 PMCID: PMC8989356 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Between 2005 and 2020, total contraceptive use among married women in Rwanda increased from 17% to 64%. The aim of this study is to better understand how the Rwandan government’s mobilization and demand generation efforts have impacted community norms and interpersonal discourse surrounding family planning. Eight focus group discussions with family planning providers and 32 in-depth interviews with experienced modern contraceptive users were conducted in 2018 in the two Rwandan districts with the highest and the lowest contraceptive prevalence rates. Results suggest that outspoken government support, mass media, and community meetings were valuable sources of information about family planning. Information received through these channels generated interpersonal dialogue about contraceptives through both conversation and observation; however, rumors and misinformation remained a significant barrier to use. A once taboo subject is now normative among married couples. Continuing to address common fears and misinformation through communication channels such as mass media and community meetings may help to further increase contraceptive uptake in Rwanda.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Corey
- Wheaton College, Norton, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Hilary Schwandt
- Fairhaven College, Western Washington University, Bellingham, Washington, United States of America
| | - Angel Boulware
- Spelman College, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Ana Herrera
- Northwest Vista Community College, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Ethan Hudler
- Whatcom Community College, Bellingham, Washington, United States of America
| | | | - Ilia King
- Xavier University, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | | | | | - Madelyn Merrit
- Department of Sociology, Western Washington University, Bellingham, Washington, United States of America
| | - Lyn Mezier
- SUNY Oswego, Oswego, New York, United States of America
| | - Abigail Miller
- Fairhaven College, Western Washington University, Bellingham, Washington, United States of America
| | - Haley Morris
- Western Oregon University, Monmouth, Oregon, United States of America
| | | | - Uwase Musekura
- Eastern Oregon University, La Grande, Oregon, United States of America
| | | | | | - Nirali Patel
- Arcadia University, Glenside, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Madeleine Zeiler
- Fairhaven College, Western Washington University, Bellingham, Washington, United States of America
| | - Seth Feinberg
- Department of Sociology, Western Washington University, Bellingham, Washington, United States of America
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Scanteianu A, Schwandt HM, Boulware A, Corey J, Herrera A, Hudler E, Imbabazi C, King I, Linus J, Manzi I, Merritt M, Mezier L, Miller A, Morris H, Musemakweli D, Musekura U, Mutuyimana D, Ntakarutimana C, Patel N, Shemeza BE, Sterling-Donaldson G, Umutoni C, Uwera L, Zeiler M, Feinberg S. "…the availability of contraceptives is everywhere.": coordinated and integrated public family planning service delivery in Rwanda. Reprod Health 2022; 19:22. [PMID: 35090506 PMCID: PMC8796398 DOI: 10.1186/s12978-022-01325-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Contraceptive use in Rwanda tripled since 2005. This study aims to understand the role of coordinated and integrated public family planning service delivery in achieving this increase in contraceptive use in Rwanda.
Methods This qualitative study in 2018 included eight focus group discussions with family planning providers and 32 in-depth interviews with experienced family planning users. Results Results indicate a well-coordinated public family planning service delivery system with community health workers and nurses filling different and complementary roles in meeting family planning client needs at the local level. In addition, integration of family planning into other maternal and child health services is the norm.
Conclusions The coordination and integration of family planning across both providers and services may help explain the rapid increase in Rwanda’s contraceptive use and has potential applications for enhancing family planning service delivery in other settings.
Family planning use increased from 17 to 53% in Rwanda in between 2005 and 2015. The purpose of this study is to understand the roles of two types of family planning workers in providing family planning services, how those providers work together to achieve the goal to provide public services, and how the Rwandan health system includes family planning services in a variety of other types of health services. To achieve the study purpose, 32 women with experience using modern methods of contraception were interviewed. In addition, 88 providers participated in eight group discussions to discuss these topics. The results from the interviews and group discussions showed that family planning services are easy to access for Rwandans—due to two types of family planning providers filling different roles to assist Rwandans start and keep using family planning methods. Family planning services are included in services for pregnant, delivering, and postpartum mothers—as well as services for infants and children. These are all times when those adults using the services would also be in need of family planning services. The family planning service delivery team approach—as well as including family planning services in mother’s and children’s health services likely helps explain the increase in family planning use in Rwanda. Other nations might learn from Rwanda’s service delivery approach to family planning to also increase access to family planning for their citizens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hilary M Schwandt
- Western Washington University, 516 High Street MS9118, Bellingham, WA, 98225, USA.
| | | | | | - Ana Herrera
- Northwest Vista Community College, San Antonio, USA
| | | | | | | | - Jessica Linus
- University of Maryland-Baltimore County, Baltimore, USA
| | | | - Madelyn Merritt
- Western Washington University, 516 High Street MS9118, Bellingham, WA, 98225, USA
| | | | - Abigail Miller
- Western Washington University, 516 High Street MS9118, Bellingham, WA, 98225, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Madeleine Zeiler
- Western Washington University, 516 High Street MS9118, Bellingham, WA, 98225, USA
| | - Seth Feinberg
- Western Washington University, 516 High Street MS9118, Bellingham, WA, 98225, USA
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Wong ZJ, Thompson L, Boulware A, Chen J, Freedman L, Stulberg D, Hasselbacher L. What you don't know can hurt you: Patient and provider perspectives on postpartum contraceptive care in Illinois Catholic Hospitals. Contraception 2021; 107:62-67. [PMID: 34748754 DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2021.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Catholic Religious and Ethical Directives restrict access to contraception; yet offering contraception during a delivery hospitalization facilitates birth spacing and is a convenient option for patients during the postpartum period. We assessed patient and provider experiences with hospital transparency around postpartum contraceptive care in Illinois Catholic Hospitals. STUDY DESIGN We interviewed 44 participants with experience in Illinois Catholic Hospitals: 21 patients, and 23 providers, including clinicians, nurses, doulas, and postpartum program staff. We used an open-ended interview approach, with a semistructured guide focused on postpartum contraceptive care. We conducted interviews by phone between November 2019 and June 2020. We audio-recorded interviews, transcribed them verbatim, and coded transcripts in Dedoose. We developed narrative memos for each code, identifying themes and subthemes. We organized these in a matrix for analysis and present here themes regarding hospital transparency that emerged across interviews. RESULTS Many patients knew they were delivering in a Catholic hospital; however, few were aware that Catholic policies limited their health care options. Patients expressed a desire for hospitals to be transparent, even "very vocal," about religious restrictions and described consequences of restrictions on patient care. Patients lacked information to make contraceptive decisions, experienced limits on or delays in care, and some lost continuity with trusted providers. Consequences for providers included moral distress in trying to provide care using workarounds such as documenting false medical diagnoses. CONCLUSIONS Religious restrictions on postpartum contraception restrict access, cause unnecessary delays in care, and lead to misdiagnosis and marginalization of contraceptive care. Restrictions also cause moral distress to providers who balance career repercussions and professional integrity with patient needs. IMPLICATIONS To protect patient autonomy, especially during the vulnerable postpartum period, Catholic hospitals should increase transparency regarding limitations on reproductive health care. Insurers and policy-makers should guarantee that patients have the option to receive care at hospitals without these limitations and facilitate public education about what to expect at Catholic facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zarina J Wong
- University of Chicago, Department of Family Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States; University of Chicago, Ci3, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Lee Thompson
- University of Chicago, Department of Family Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Angel Boulware
- University of Chicago, Department of Family Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jessica Chen
- University of Pennsylvania, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Lori Freedman
- University of California, ANSIRH, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Debra Stulberg
- University of Chicago, Department of Family Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Lee Hasselbacher
- University of Pennsylvania, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
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Schwandt H, Boulware A, Corey J, Herrera A, Hudler E, Imbabazi C, King I, Linus J, Manzi I, Merritt M, Mezier L, Miller A, Morris H, Musemakweli D, Musekura U, Mutuyimana D, Ntakarutimana C, Patel N, Scanteianu A, Shemeza BE, Sterling-Donaldson G, Umutoni C, Uwera L, Zeiler M, Feinberg S. Family planning providers and contraceptive users in Rwanda employ strategies to prevent discontinuation. BMC Womens Health 2021; 21:361. [PMID: 34635111 PMCID: PMC8504084 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-021-01503-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Rwanda, nearly a third of contraceptive users discontinue within the first year of use. Family planning programs often focus more on recruitment of new users as opposed to maintaining use among current users. A focus on sustaining users and minimizing discontinuation is imperative for long-term family planning program success. This study explores the efforts providers and contraceptive users in Rwanda employ to prevent one of the greatest challenges to family planning programs: contraceptive discontinuation. METHODS This was a qualitative study conducted in Rwanda between February and July 2018. It included eight focus group discussions with 88 family planning providers and 32 in-depth interviews with experienced modern contraceptive users. Data were collected in two districts with the highest (Musanze) and lowest (Nyamasheke) rates of contraceptive use. Data were analyzed using thematic content approach. RESULTS Family planning providers in this study used the following strategies to prevent discontinuation: counseling new users on the potential for side effects and switching, reminding clients about appointments for resupply, as well as supporting dissatisfied users by providing counseling, medicine for side effects, and discussing options for switching methods. Users, on the other hand, employed the following strategies to prevent discontinuation: having an understanding that experiences of side effects vary by individuals, supporting peers to sustain use, persisting with use despite experiences of side effects, and switching methods. CONCLUSIONS The strategies used by family planning providers and users in Rwanda to prevent discontinuation suggest the possibility of long-term sustained use of contraception in the country. Harnessing and supporting such strategies could contribute to sustaining or improving further contraceptive use in the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilary Schwandt
- Western Washington University, 516 High Street MS9118, Bellingham, WA, 98225, USA.
| | | | | | - Ana Herrera
- Northwest Vista Community College, San Antonio, USA
| | | | | | | | - Jessica Linus
- University of Maryland-Baltimore County, Baltimore, USA
| | | | - Madelyn Merritt
- Western Washington University, 516 High Street MS9118, Bellingham, WA, 98225, USA
| | | | - Abigail Miller
- Western Washington University, 516 High Street MS9118, Bellingham, WA, 98225, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Madeleine Zeiler
- Western Washington University, 516 High Street MS9118, Bellingham, WA, 98225, USA
| | - Seth Feinberg
- Western Washington University, 516 High Street MS9118, Bellingham, WA, 98225, USA
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Chen JH, Wong Z, Boulware A, Thompson L, McHugh A, Stulberg D, Hasselbacher L. POSTER ABSTRACTS. Contraception 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2021.07.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Schwandt H, Boulware A, Corey J, Herrera A, Hudler E, Imbabazi C, King I, Linus J, Manzi I, Merritt M, Mezier L, Miller A, Morris H, Musemakweli D, Musekura U, Mutuyimana D, Ntakarutimana C, Patel N, Scanteianu A, Shemeza BE, Stapleton M, Sterling-Donaldson G, Umutoni C, Uwera L, Zeiler M, Feinberg S. An examination of the barriers to and benefits from collaborative couple contraceptive use in Rwanda. Reprod Health 2021; 18:82. [PMID: 33874969 PMCID: PMC8054403 DOI: 10.1186/s12978-021-01135-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Supportive male involvement is strongly correlated with contraceptive use. In Rwanda, where the contraceptive prevalence rate among married women increased from 17 to 52% from 2005 to 2010, and stagnated at 53% in 2015, understanding the role of male partners in collaborative couple contraceptive use can help inform programs designed to further increase the use of contraception in Rwanda. Methods This study utilized qualitative methods in 2018, specifically 32 in-depth interviewers with mostly current users of modern contraceptive methods and eight focus group discussions with family planning providers—both family planning nurses and community health workers (CHWs). Respondents were from Musanze and Nyamasheke Districts, the districts with the highest and lowest modern contraceptive use, respectively, to explore the role of couple collaboration in family planning use in Rwanda. Data were analyzed using the thematic content approach in Atlas.ti (8). Results Findings demonstrate that some men are opposed to use of male methods of contraception, and some are opposed to any contraceptive use, which can lead to covert use. Women and providers prefer collaborative couple contraceptive use—as a result, providers advocate for and encourage male partner participation in contraceptive use. Women are most often burdened with seeking out information, initiating discussions, and sharing information discovered about contraceptive use with partners. Decision-making about contraceptive use, once discussed, can be collaborative and motivated by financial considerations. When couple contraceptive use is collaborative, benefits range from marital harmony to husband’s support of sustained use through reminders about appointments, joint counseling, and support in managing side effects. Conclusion Family planning providers at the community and clinic levels encourage collaborative contraceptive use among couples and some Rwandan couples communicate well about family planning use. Despite the positives, women are expected to source family planning information, share that information with their male partners, seek out family planning services, and use family planning. If more Rwandan male partners accepted use, used male methods of contraception, and participated even more in the work it takes to use family planning, the potential for sustained, and even enhanced, contraceptive use in Rwanda could be realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilary Schwandt
- Western Washington University, 516 High Street, MS9118, Bellingham, WA, 98225, USA.
| | - Angel Boulware
- Spelman College, 350 Spelman Ln SW, Atlanta, GA, 30314, USA
| | - Julia Corey
- Wheaton College, 26 E Main St, Norton, MA, 02766, USA
| | - Ana Herrera
- Northwest Vista Community College, 3535 N Ellison Dr., San Antonio, TX, 78251, USA
| | - Ethan Hudler
- Whatcom Community College, 237 W Kellogg Rd, Bellingham, WA, 98226, USA
| | | | - Ilia King
- Xavier University, 1 Drexel Dr., New Orleans, LA, 70125, USA
| | | | | | - Madelyn Merritt
- Western Washington University, 516 High Street, MS9118, Bellingham, WA, 98225, USA
| | - Lyn Mezier
- SUNY Oswego, 7060 NY-104, Oswego, NY, 13126, USA
| | - Abigail Miller
- Western Washington University, 516 High Street, MS9118, Bellingham, WA, 98225, USA
| | - Haley Morris
- Western Oregon University, 345 Monmouth Ave N, Monmouth, OR, 97361, USA
| | | | - Uwase Musekura
- Eastern Oregon University, One University Blvd, La Grande, OR, 97850, USA
| | | | | | - Nirali Patel
- Arcadia University, 450 S Easton Rd, Glenside, PA, 19038, USA
| | | | | | - Madi Stapleton
- Western Washington University, 516 High Street, MS9118, Bellingham, WA, 98225, USA
| | | | | | | | - Madeleine Zeiler
- Western Washington University, 516 High Street, MS9118, Bellingham, WA, 98225, USA
| | - Seth Feinberg
- Western Washington University, 516 High Street, MS9118, Bellingham, WA, 98225, USA
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Schwandt HM, Boulware A, Corey J, Herrera A, Hudler E, Imbabazi C, King I, Linus J, Manzi I, Merritt M, Mezier L, Miller A, Morris H, Musemakweli D, Musekura U, Mutuyimana D, Ntakarutimana C, Patel N, Scanteianu A, Shemeza BE, Sterling-Donaldson G, Umutoni C, Uwera L, Zeiler M, Feinberg S. "… the way we welcome them is how we will lead them to love family planning.": family planning providers in Rwanda foster compassionate relationships with clients despite workplace challenges. BMC Health Serv Res 2021; 21:293. [PMID: 33794871 PMCID: PMC8017655 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-021-06282-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rwanda has markedly increased the nation's contraceptive use in a short period of time, tripling contraceptive prevalence in just 5 years between 2005 and 2010. An integral aspect of family planning programs is the interactions between family planning providers and clients. This study aims to understand the client-provider relationship in the Rwandan family planning program and to also examine barriers to those relationships. METHODS This qualitative study in Rwanda utilized convenience sampling to include eight focus group discussions with family planning providers, both family planning nurses and community health workers, as well as in-depth interviews with 32 experienced modern contraceptive users. Study participants were drawn from the two districts in Rwanda with the highest and lowest modern contraceptive rates, Musanze and Nyamasheke, respectively Data analysis was guided by the thematic content approach, Atlas.ti 8 was utilized for coding the transcripts and collating the coding results, and Microsoft Excel for analyzing the data within code. RESULTS Data analysis revealed that, despite workplace related challenges - including inadequate staffing, training, and resources, relationships between providers and clients are strong. Family planning providers work hard to understand, learn from, and support clients in their initiation and sustained use of contraceptives. CONCLUSION Given the existing context of purposeful efforts on the part of family planning providers to build relationships with their clients, if the current level of government support for family planning service provision is enhanced, Rwanda will likely sustain many current users of contraception and engage even more Rwandans in contraceptive services in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilary M Schwandt
- Western Washington University, 516 High Street MS9118, Bellingham, WA, 98225, USA.
| | - Angel Boulware
- Spelman College, 350 Spelman Ln SW, Atlanta, GA, 30314, USA
| | - Julia Corey
- Wheaton College, 26 E Main St, Norton, MA, 02766, USA
| | - Ana Herrera
- Northwest Vista Community College, 3535 N Ellison Dr., San Antonio, TX, 78251, USA
| | - Ethan Hudler
- Whatcom Community College, 237 W Kellogg Rd, Bellingham, WA, 98226, USA
| | | | - Ilia King
- Xavier University, 1 Drexel Dr, New Orleans, LA, 70125, USA
| | | | | | - Madelyn Merritt
- Western Washington University, 516 High Street MS9118, Bellingham, WA, 98225, USA
| | - Lyn Mezier
- SUNY Oswego, 7060 NY-104, Oswego, NY, 13126, USA
| | - Abigail Miller
- Western Washington University, 516 High Street MS9118, Bellingham, WA, 98225, USA
| | - Haley Morris
- Western Oregon University, 345 Monmouth Ave N, Monmouth, OR, 97361, USA
| | | | - Uwase Musekura
- Eastern Oregon University, One University Blvd, La Grande, OR, 97850, USA
| | | | | | - Nirali Patel
- Arcadia University, 450 S Easton Rd, Glenside, PA, 19038, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Madeleine Zeiler
- Western Washington University, 516 High Street MS9118, Bellingham, WA, 98225, USA
| | - Seth Feinberg
- Western Washington University, 516 High Street MS9118, Bellingham, WA, 98225, USA
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