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Magalhães AB, Senesi GS, Ranulfi A, Massaiti T, Marangoni BS, Nery da Silva M, Villas Boas PR, Ferreira E, Novelli VM, Cristofani-Yaly M, Milori DMBP. Discrimination of Genetically Very Close Accessions of Sweet Orange ( Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck) by Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS). Molecules 2021; 26:3092. [PMID: 34064288 PMCID: PMC8196892 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The correct recognition of sweet orange (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck) variety accessions at the nursery stage of growth is a challenge for the productive sector as they do not show any difference in phenotype traits. Furthermore, there is no DNA marker able to distinguish orange accessions within a variety due to their narrow genetic trace. As different combinations of canopy and rootstock affect the uptake of elements from soil, each accession features a typical elemental concentration in the leaves. Thus, the main aim of this work was to analyze two sets of ten different accessions of very close genetic characters of three varieties of fresh citrus leaves at the nursery stage of growth by measuring the differences in elemental concentration by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). The accessions were discriminated by both principal component analysis (PCA) and a classifier based on the combination of classification via regression (CVR) and partial least square regression (PLSR) models, which used the elemental concentrations measured by LIBS as input data. A correct classification of 95.1% and 80.96% was achieved, respectively, for set 1 and set 2. These results showed that LIBS is a valuable technique to discriminate among citrus accessions, which can be applied in the productive sector as an excellent cost-benefit tool in citrus breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida B. Magalhães
- Embrapa Instrumentation, São Carlos 13560-970, SP, Brazil; (A.B.M.); (A.R.); (T.M.); (M.N.d.S.); (P.R.V.B.); (E.F.); (D.M.B.P.M.)
- Agrorobótica, São Carlos 13571-512, SP, Brazil
| | - Giorgio S. Senesi
- CNR, Istituto per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Plasmi (ISTP), Sede di Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Anielle Ranulfi
- Embrapa Instrumentation, São Carlos 13560-970, SP, Brazil; (A.B.M.); (A.R.); (T.M.); (M.N.d.S.); (P.R.V.B.); (E.F.); (D.M.B.P.M.)
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Carlos 13566-590, SP, Brazil
| | - Thiago Massaiti
- Embrapa Instrumentation, São Carlos 13560-970, SP, Brazil; (A.B.M.); (A.R.); (T.M.); (M.N.d.S.); (P.R.V.B.); (E.F.); (D.M.B.P.M.)
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Carlos 13566-590, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruno S. Marangoni
- Physics Institute, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil;
| | - Marina Nery da Silva
- Embrapa Instrumentation, São Carlos 13560-970, SP, Brazil; (A.B.M.); (A.R.); (T.M.); (M.N.d.S.); (P.R.V.B.); (E.F.); (D.M.B.P.M.)
| | - Paulino R. Villas Boas
- Embrapa Instrumentation, São Carlos 13560-970, SP, Brazil; (A.B.M.); (A.R.); (T.M.); (M.N.d.S.); (P.R.V.B.); (E.F.); (D.M.B.P.M.)
| | - Ednaldo Ferreira
- Embrapa Instrumentation, São Carlos 13560-970, SP, Brazil; (A.B.M.); (A.R.); (T.M.); (M.N.d.S.); (P.R.V.B.); (E.F.); (D.M.B.P.M.)
| | - Valdenice M. Novelli
- Instituto Agronômico, Centro de Citricultura Sylvio Moreira (IAC-CCSM), Cordeirópolis 13490-000, SP, Brazil; (V.M.N.); (M.C.-Y.)
| | - Mariângela Cristofani-Yaly
- Instituto Agronômico, Centro de Citricultura Sylvio Moreira (IAC-CCSM), Cordeirópolis 13490-000, SP, Brazil; (V.M.N.); (M.C.-Y.)
| | - Débora M. B. P. Milori
- Embrapa Instrumentation, São Carlos 13560-970, SP, Brazil; (A.B.M.); (A.R.); (T.M.); (M.N.d.S.); (P.R.V.B.); (E.F.); (D.M.B.P.M.)
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