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Suominen A, Saldo Rubio G, Ruohonen S, Szabó Z, Pohjolainen L, Ghimire B, Ruohonen ST, Saukkonen K, Ijas J, Skarp S, Kaikkonen L, Cai M, Wardlaw SL, Ruskoaho H, Talman V, Savontaus E, Kerkelä R, Rinne P. α-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone alleviates pathological cardiac remodeling via melanocortin 5 receptor. EMBO Rep 2024; 25:1987-2014. [PMID: 38454158 PMCID: PMC11014855 DOI: 10.1038/s44319-024-00109-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
α-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) regulates diverse physiological functions by activating melanocortin receptors (MC-R). However, the role of α-MSH and its possible target receptors in the heart remain completely unknown. Here we investigate whether α-MSH could be involved in pathological cardiac remodeling. We found that α-MSH was highly expressed in the mouse heart with reduced ventricular levels after transverse aortic constriction (TAC). Administration of a stable α-MSH analog protected mice against TAC-induced cardiac hypertrophy and systolic dysfunction. In vitro experiments revealed that MC5-R in cardiomyocytes mediates the anti-hypertrophic signaling of α-MSH. Silencing of MC5-R in cardiomyocytes induced hypertrophy and fibrosis markers in vitro and aggravated TAC-induced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis in vivo. Conversely, pharmacological activation of MC5-R improved systolic function and reduced cardiac fibrosis in TAC-operated mice. In conclusion, α-MSH is expressed in the heart and protects against pathological cardiac remodeling by activating MC5-R in cardiomyocytes. These results suggest that analogs of naturally occurring α-MSH, that have been recently approved for clinical use and have agonistic activity at MC5-R, may be of benefit in treating heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anni Suominen
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology & Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Drug Research Doctoral Programme (DRDP), University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Guillem Saldo Rubio
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology & Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Saku Ruohonen
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology & Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Zoltán Szabó
- Research Unit of Biomedicine and Internal Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Lotta Pohjolainen
- Drug Research Program and Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Bishwa Ghimire
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Suvi T Ruohonen
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology & Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Karla Saukkonen
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology & Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Jani Ijas
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology & Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Sini Skarp
- Research Unit of Biomedicine and Internal Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Leena Kaikkonen
- Research Unit of Biomedicine and Internal Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Minying Cai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Sharon L Wardlaw
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Heikki Ruskoaho
- Drug Research Program and Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Virpi Talman
- Drug Research Program and Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eriika Savontaus
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology & Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Turku Center for Disease Modeling, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Risto Kerkelä
- Research Unit of Biomedicine and Internal Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Petteri Rinne
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology & Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
- Turku Center for Disease Modeling, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
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Khanal P, Ståhlberg T, Luntamo T, Gyllenberg D, Kronström K, Suominen A, Sourander A. Time trends in treated incidence, sociodemographic risk factors and comorbidities: a Finnish nationwide study on anxiety disorders. Eur Psychiatry 2022. [PMCID: PMC9565546 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Anxiety disorders (ADs) are common in childhood and adolescence and global estimates suggest they affect 6.5% of individuals under 19 years of age.Yet, there has been a lack of research on time trends and socio-demographic risks for children and adolescents who receive treatment for ADs. Objectives We aim to fill gaps in our knowledge by examining a nationwide sample of Finnish children and adolescents diagnosed in specialized healthcare settings. Methods We used register data of all singleton children born in Finland from 1992-2006 and diagnosed with ADs from 1998-2012. Changes in time trends in incidence were studied by dividing the study sample into three cohorts by birth years: 1992-1996, 1997-2001 and 2002-2006. The 22,388 individuals with ADs were matched with 76,139 controls. Nested case-control design was used to study the socio-demographic risk factors. Results Comparing the 1992-1996 and 2002-2006 cohorts showed the cumulative incidence of treated ADs at the age of 10 increased from 0.3% to 1.2% (females) and 0.46% to 1.9% (males). Subjects had higher odds of being diagnosed with an AD if mothers had low SES (OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.42-1.58) and were single parents (OR 1.99, 95% CI 1.84-2.15) at birth. Unipolar depression was the most common psychiatric comorbidity (31.2%). Conclusions
ADs diagnosed by specialized services increased from 1998-2012 in both genders. This could indicate real increase in overall ADs, an increase in seeking treatment or both phenomena. The findings on maternal socioeconomic status and single parenting help improve understanding of environmental risk for anxiety disorders among children and adolescents. Disclosure No significant relationships.
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Kokko L, Puolakkainen T, Suominen A, Snäll J, Thorén H. Are The Elderly With Maxillofacial Injuries at Increased Risk of Associated Injuries? J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2022; 80:1354-1360. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2022.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Kadiri JJ, Tadayon S, Thapa K, Suominen A, Hollmén M, Rinne P. Melanocortin 1 Receptor Deficiency in Hematopoietic Cells Promotes the Expansion of Inflammatory Leukocytes in Atherosclerotic Mice. Front Immunol 2021; 12:774013. [PMID: 34868038 PMCID: PMC8640177 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.774013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanocortin receptor 1 (MC1-R) is expressed in leukocytes, where it mediates anti-inflammatory actions. We have previously observed that global deficiency of MC1-R signaling perturbs cholesterol homeostasis, increases arterial leukocyte accumulation and accelerates atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E knockout (Apoe-/-) mice. Since various cell types besides leukocytes express MC1-R, we aimed at investigating the specific contribution of leukocyte MC1-R to the development of atherosclerosis. For this purpose, male Apoe-/- mice were irradiated, received bone marrow from either female Apoe-/- mice or MC1-R deficient Apoe-/- mice (Apoe-/- Mc1re/e) and were analyzed for tissue leukocyte profiles and atherosclerotic plaque phenotype. Hematopoietic MC1-R deficiency significantly elevated total leukocyte counts in the blood, bone marrow and spleen, an effect that was amplified by feeding mice a cholesterol-rich diet. The increased leukocyte counts were largely attributable to expanded lymphocyte populations, particularly CD4+ T cells. Furthermore, the number of monocytes was elevated in Apoe-/- Mc1re/e chimeric mice and it paralleled an increase in hematopoietic stem cell count in the bone marrow. Despite robust leukocytosis, atherosclerotic plaque size and composition as well as arterial leukocyte counts were unaffected by MC1-R deficiency. To address this discrepancy, we performed an in vivo homing assay and found that MC1-R deficient CD4+ T cells and monocytes were preferentially entering the spleen rather than homing in peri-aortic lymph nodes. This was mechanistically associated with compromised chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5)-dependent migration of CD4+ T cells and a defect in the recycling capacity of CCR5. Finally, our data demonstrate for the first time that CD4+ T cells also express MC1-R. In conclusion, MC1-R regulates hematopoietic stem cell proliferation and tissue leukocyte counts but its deficiency in leukocytes impairs cell migration via a CCR5-dependent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- James J Kadiri
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology & Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Drug Research Doctoral Programme (DRDP), University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Sina Tadayon
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Keshav Thapa
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology & Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Drug Research Doctoral Programme (DRDP), University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Anni Suominen
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology & Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Drug Research Doctoral Programme (DRDP), University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Maija Hollmén
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Petteri Rinne
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology & Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Turku Center for Disease Modeling, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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Abstract
Introduction: Dental anxiety is common and causes symptomatic use of oral health services. Objectives: The aim was to study if a short-term virtual reality intervention reduced preoperative dental anxiety. Methods: A randomized controlled single-center trial was conducted with 2 parallel arms in a public oral health care unit: virtual reality relaxation (VRR) and treatment as usual (TAU). The VRR group received a 1- to 3.5-min 360° immersion video of a peaceful virtual landscape with audio features and sound supporting the experience. TAU groups remained seated for 3 min. Of the powered sample of 280 participants, 255 consented and had complete data. Total and secondary sex-specific mixed effects linear regression models were completed for posttest dental anxiety (Modified Dental Anxiety Scale [MDAS] total score) and its 2 factors (anticipatory and treatment-related dental anxiety) adjusted for baseline (pretest) MDAS total and factor scores and age, taking into account the effect of blocking. Results: Total and anticipatory dental anxiety decreased more in the VRR group than the TAU group (β = −0.75, P < .001, for MDAS total score; β = −0.43, P < .001, for anticipatory anxiety score) in patients of a primary dental care clinic. In women, dental anxiety decreased more in VRR than TAU for total MDAS score (β = −1.08, P < .001) and treatment-related dental anxiety (β = −0.597, P = .011). Anticipatory dental anxiety decreased more in VRR than TAU in both men (β = −0.217, P < .026) and women (β = −0.498, P < .001). Conclusion: Short application of VRR is both feasible and effective to reduce preoperative dental anxiety in public dental care settings (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03993080). Knowledge Transfer Statement: Dental anxiety, which is a common problem, can be reduced with short application of virtual reality relaxation applied preoperatively in the waiting room. Findings of this study indicate that it is a feasible and effective procedure to help patients with dental anxiety in normal public dental care settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Lahti
- Department of Community Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Turku Clinical Research Centre, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- S. Lahti, Department of Community Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, FI-20014, Finland.
| | - A. Suominen
- Department of Community Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - R. Freeman
- Dental Health Services Research Unit, School of Dentistry, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - T. Lähteenoja
- Department of Community Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - G. Humphris
- Division of Populations and Behavioural Science, School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK
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Filatova S, Gyllenberg D, Sillanmäki L, Suominen A, Hinkka-Yli-Salomäki S, Kaljonen A, Kerkelä M, Keski-Säntti M, Ristikari T, Lagström H, Hurtig T, Miettunen J, Surcel HM, Veijola J, Gissler M, Sourander A. The Finnish psychiatric birth cohort consortium (PSYCOHORTS) - content, plans and perspectives. Nord J Psychiatry 2019; 73:357-364. [PMID: 31271336 DOI: 10.1080/08039488.2019.1636135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Background: Psychiatric disorders tend to be developmental, and longitudinal settings are required to examine predictors of psychiatric phenomena. Replicating and combining data and results from different birth cohorts, which are a source of reliable data, can make research even more valuable. The Finnish Psychiatric Birth Cohort Consortium (PSYCOHORTS) project combines birth cohorts in Finland. Aim: The aim of this paper is to introduce content, plans and perspectives of the PSYCOHORTS project that brings together researchers from Finland. In addition, we illustrate an example of data harmonization using available data on causes of death. Content: PSYCOHORTS includes eight Finnish birth cohorts. The project has several plans: to harmonize different data from birth cohorts, to incorporate biobanks into psychiatric birth cohort research, to apply multigenerational perspectives, to integrate longitudinal patterns of marginalization and inequality in mental health, and to utilize data in health economics research. Data on causes of death, originally obtained from Finnish Cause of Death register, were harmonized across the six birth cohorts using SAS macro facility. Results: Harmonization of the cause of death data resulted in a total of 21,993 observations from 1965 to 2015. For example, the percentage of deaths due to suicide and the sequelae of intentional self-harm was 14% and alcohol-related diseases, including accidental poisoning by alcohol, was 13%. Conclusions: PSYCOHORTS lays the foundation for complex examinations of psychiatric disorders that is based on compatible datasets, use of biobanks and multigenerational approach to risk factors, and extensive data on marginalization and inequality.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Filatova
- a Centre for Child Psychiatry, University of Turku , Turku , Finland
| | - D Gyllenberg
- a Centre for Child Psychiatry, University of Turku , Turku , Finland.,b National Institute of Health and Welfare , Helsinki , Finland.,c Department of Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital , Helsinki , Finland
| | - L Sillanmäki
- a Centre for Child Psychiatry, University of Turku , Turku , Finland
| | - A Suominen
- a Centre for Child Psychiatry, University of Turku , Turku , Finland.,d Turku University Central Hospital , Turku , Finland
| | | | - A Kaljonen
- e Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku , Finland
| | - M Kerkelä
- b National Institute of Health and Welfare , Helsinki , Finland.,f Medical Research Center, University of Oulu and University Hospital of Oulu , Finland
| | - M Keski-Säntti
- b National Institute of Health and Welfare , Helsinki , Finland
| | - T Ristikari
- b National Institute of Health and Welfare , Helsinki , Finland
| | - H Lagström
- g Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital , Turku , Finland
| | - T Hurtig
- h Research Unit of Clinical Neuroscience, Psychiatry University of Oulu , Finland.,i PEDEGO Research Unit, Child Psychiatry, University of Oulu , Finland.,j Clinic of Child Psychiatry, University Hospital of Oulu , Finland
| | - J Miettunen
- k Centre for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu , Finland
| | - H-M Surcel
- l Biobank Borealis, University of Oulu , Finland.,m Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu , Finland
| | - J Veijola
- f Medical Research Center, University of Oulu and University Hospital of Oulu , Finland.,n University Hospital of Oulu , Finland
| | - M Gissler
- a Centre for Child Psychiatry, University of Turku , Turku , Finland.,b National Institute of Health and Welfare , Helsinki , Finland.,o Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - A Sourander
- a Centre for Child Psychiatry, University of Turku , Turku , Finland.,p INVEST Research Flagship, University of Turku , Finland.,q Turku University Hospital , Turku , Finland
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7
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Ängeby Möller K, Svärd H, Suominen A, Immonen J, Holappa J, Stenfors C. Gait analysis and weight bearing in pre-clinical joint pain research. J Neurosci Methods 2017; 300:92-102. [PMID: 28445709 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2017.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2016] [Revised: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a need for better joint pain treatment, but development of new medication has not been successful. Pre-clinical models with readouts that better reflect the clinical situation are needed. In patients with joint pain, pain at rest and pain at walking are two major complaints. NEW METHOD We describe a new way of calculating results from gait analysis using the CatWalk™ setup. Rats with monoarthritis induced by injection of Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA) intra-articularly into the ankle joint of one hind limb were used to assess gait and dynamic weight bearing. RESULTS The results show that dynamic weight bearing was markedly reduced for the injected paw. Gait parameters such as amount of normal step sequences, walking speed and duration of step placement were also affected. Treatment with naproxen (an NSAID commonly used for inflammatory pain) attenuated the CFA-induced effects. Pregabalin, which is used for neuropathic pain, had no effect. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS Reduced dynamic weight bearing during locomotion, assessed and calculated in the way we present here, showed a dose-dependent and lasting normalization after naproxen treatment. In contrast, static weight bearing while standing (Incapacitance tester) showed a significant effect for a limited time only. Mechanical sensitivity (von Frey Optihairs) was completely normalized by naproxen, and the window for testing pharmacological effect disappeared. CONCLUSIONS Objective and reproducible effects, with an endpoint showing face validity compared to pain while walking in patients with joint pain, are achieved by a new way of calculating dynamic weight bearing in monoarthritic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Ängeby Möller
- CNS Research, Orion Corporation Orion Pharma, Turku, Finland; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Heta Svärd
- CNS Research, Orion Corporation Orion Pharma, Turku, Finland
| | - Anni Suominen
- CNS Research, Orion Corporation Orion Pharma, Turku, Finland
| | - Jarmo Immonen
- CNS Research, Orion Corporation Orion Pharma, Turku, Finland
| | - Johanna Holappa
- CNS Research, Orion Corporation Orion Pharma, Turku, Finland
| | - Carina Stenfors
- CNS Research, Orion Corporation Orion Pharma, Turku, Finland
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Carter KW, Francis RW, Carter KW, Francis RW, Bresnahan M, Gissler M, Grønborg TK, Gross R, Gunnes N, Hammond G, Hornig M, Hultman CM, Huttunen J, Langridge A, Leonard H, Newman S, Parner ET, Petersson G, Reichenberg A, Sandin S, Schendel DE, Schalkwyk L, Sourander A, Steadman C, Stoltenberg C, Suominen A, Surén P, Susser E, Sylvester Vethanayagam A, Yusof Z. ViPAR: a software platform for the Virtual Pooling and Analysis of Research Data. Int J Epidemiol 2015; 45:408-416. [PMID: 26452388 PMCID: PMC4864874 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyv193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:
Research studies exploring the determinants of disease require sufficient statistical power to detect meaningful effects. Sample size is often increased through centralized pooling of disparately located datasets, though ethical, privacy and data ownership issues can often hamper this process. Methods that facilitate the sharing of research data that are sympathetic with these issues and which allow flexible and detailed statistical analyses are therefore in critical need. We have created a software platform for the Virtual Pooling and Analysis of Research data (ViPAR), which employs free and open source methods to provide researchers with a web-based platform to analyse datasets housed in disparate locations.
Methods:
Database federation permits controlled access to remotely located datasets from a central location. The Secure Shell protocol allows data to be securely exchanged between devices over an insecure network. ViPAR combines these free technologies into a solution that facilitates ‘virtual pooling’ where data can be temporarily pooled into computer memory and made available for analysis without the need for permanent central storage.
Results:
Within the ViPAR infrastructure, remote sites manage their own harmonized research dataset in a database hosted at their site, while a central server hosts the data federation component and a secure analysis portal. When an analysis is initiated, requested data are retrieved from each remote site and virtually pooled at the central site. The data are then analysed by statistical software and, on completion, results of the analysis are returned to the user and the virtually pooled data are removed from memory.
Conclusions:
ViPAR is a secure, flexible and powerful analysis platform built on open source technology that is currently in use by large international consortia, and is made publicly available at [
http://bioinformatics.childhealthresearch.org.au/software/vipar/
].
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - K W Carter
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - R W Francis
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - M Bresnahan
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - M Gissler
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland, NHV Nordic School of Public Health, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - T K Grønborg
- Department of Public Health, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - R Gross
- Division of Psychiatry, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel
| | - N Gunnes
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - G Hammond
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - M Hornig
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA, Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | - A Langridge
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - H Leonard
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - S Newman
- Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - E T Parner
- Department of Public Health, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - A Reichenberg
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK, Departments of Preventative Medicine and Psychiatry, Ischan School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - S Sandin
- Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - D E Schendel
- Department of Public Health, Section for Epidemiology, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark, Department of Economics and Business, National Centre for Register-based Research, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark, Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - L Schalkwyk
- Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - A Sourander
- Child Psychiatry Research Center, Department of Child Psychiatry, Turku University, Turku, Finland, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - C Steadman
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - C Stoltenberg
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - A Suominen
- Department of Child Psychiatry, Turku University, Turku, Finland and
| | - P Surén
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - E Susser
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Z Yusof
- Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Lehti V, Brown AS, Gissler M, Rihko M, Suominen A, Sourander A. Autism spectrum disorders in IVF children: a national case-control study in Finland. Hum Reprod 2013; 28:812-8. [PMID: 23293220 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/des430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Does IVF increase the risk of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs)? SUMMARY ANSWER No association between IVF and ASDs or any of its subtypes was found in this sample. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Certain prenatal factors may increase the risk of ASDs. Studies on the association between IVF and ASDs have shown inconsistent results. IVF is known to increase the risk of perinatal problems but many of them are related to multiple pregnancies. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION This case-control study included 4164 autistic cases and 16 582 matched controls born in Finland in 1991-2005. The cases were diagnosed with ASDs by the year 2007. The maximum age at diagnosis was 16 years. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Four controls were matched to each case. For singletons the matching criteria were date of birth, place of birth, sex and residency in Finland. For twins the birth order within a twin pair was included as well. In the whole sample, there were 63 cases (1.51%) and 229 controls (1.38%) born after IVF. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE No significant association was found between IVF and ASDs (adjusted odds ratio (OR): 0.9, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.7-1.3) or its subtypes childhood autism (OR: 0.8, 95% CI: 0.4-1.5), Asperger's syndrome (OR: 0.9, 95% CI: 0.5-1.6) or other pervasive developmental disorder (OR: 1.0, 95% CI: 0.6-1.6). When only singletons were included, there was an association between IVF and Asperger's syndrome in an unadjusted analysis (OR: 2.0, 95% CI: 1.1-3.5) but this was not significant when adjusted for mother's socioeconomic status or parity. When the analyses were conducted separately for boys and girls, there was a significant association between IVF and Asperger's syndrome for boys in an unadjusted analysis (OR: 2.1, 95% CI: 1.2-3.7) but this was not significant in the final adjusted model. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Information both on IVF and on ASDs was based on registers and it is possible that there is some misclassification. No information on different subtypes of IVF or other assisted reproduction techniques was available. Statistical power may have been insufficient. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS This study showed no increased risk of ASDs in children born after IVF but studies with larger sample sizes and information on different subtypes of IVF are needed to confirm the finding. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) The study was supported by Autism Speaks, NIMH 1K02-MH65422 and NIEHS 1R01ES019004. There are no competing interests.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Lehti
- Department of Child Psychiatry, University of Turku, Finland
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Moon J, Kemell M, Kukkola J, Punkkinen R, Hedman HP, Suominen A, Mäkilä E, Tenho M, Tuominen A, Kim H. Gas Sensor using Anodic TiO2 Thin Film for Monitoring Hydrogen. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.proeng.2012.09.266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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