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Ely VL, Vargas AC, Costa MM, Oliveira HP, Pötter L, Reghelin MA, Fernandes AW, Pereira DIB, Sangioni LA, Botton SA. Moraxella bovis, Moraxella ovis and Moraxella bovoculi: biofilm formation and lysozyme activity. J Appl Microbiol 2018; 126:369-376. [PMID: 30142702 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to verify the formation of biofilms by Moraxella bovis, Moraxella ovis and Moraxella bovoculi isolates from ruminants. In addition, the lysozyme activity against the isolates of M. bovis, M. ovis and M. bovoculi in free form and in biofilms was determined. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, 54 isolates of Moraxella sp. obtained from bovine and ovine clinical samples were evaluated in vitro for capacity of biofilm formation and lysozyme susceptibility in planktonic and sessile cells. In addition, biofilms produced by four Moraxella sp. isolates were visualized under scanning electron microscope (SEM). It was possible to demonstrate, for the first time, the ability to form biofilms by M. ovis and M. bovoculi. The isolates of Moraxella sp. have the capacity to form biofilms in different intensities, varying among weak, moderate and strong. It was verified that the lysozyme shows activity on Moraxella sp. in planktonic form. However, on biofilms there was a reduction in the production, but without impairing its formation, and on consolidated biofilms the lysozyme did not have the capacity to eradicate the preformed biofilms. CONCLUSIONS This work shows the capacity of biofilm formation by Moraxella sp. of veterinary importance. The lysozyme susceptibility of Moraxella sp. in planktonic form shows that this enzyme has bacteriostatic activity on this micro-organism and it reduced the production of biofilms. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Based on the results, it is possible to infer that the biofilm formation capacity by Moraxella sp. and the resistance to lysozyme concentrations equal to or greater than the physiological levels of the ruminant tear may be linked not only to the capacity to colonize the conjunctiva, but also to remain in this place even after healing of the lesions, being a reservoir of Moraxella sp. in a herd.
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Affiliation(s)
- V L Ely
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - A C Vargas
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - M M Costa
- Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, Brazil
| | - H P Oliveira
- Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, Brazil
| | - L Pötter
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - M A Reghelin
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - A W Fernandes
- Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, Brazil
| | - D I B Pereira
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - L A Sangioni
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - S A Botton
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
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McCart Reed AE, Kutasovic JR, Nones K, da Silva L, Melville L, Jayanthan J, Vargas AC, Reid LE, Saunus JM, Cummings MM, Porter A, Evans E, Waddell N, Lakhani SR, Simpson PT. Abstract P1-07-08: Mixed ductal-lobular carcinomas of the breast: Abrogated cell adhesion in the clonal evolution from ductal to lobular morphology. Cancer Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs16-p1-07-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Mixed ductal-lobular carcinomas (MDL) display both ductal and lobular morphology, and are a clear example of intratumour morphological heterogeneity. The evolution of MDL carcinomas is not well understood. There is a paucity of data surrounding the genetic origin of the different morphological compartments and it remains to be seen whether the coincident presentation of these distinct morphological entities represents two independent tumours that have collided (so called 'collision tumours'), or whether they arise from a common clone. We propose that clonal progression during the evolution of these tumours is associated with a change in phenotype. To address this, a cohort of 82 MDLs was studied for clinical, morphological and molecular features. Key findings include: i) MDLs more frequently co-exist with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) than lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS); ii) the E-cadherin-catenin complex was recurrently normal in the ductal component but aberrantly localised in the lobular component of the same tumour; iii) E-cadherin deregulation in the lobular component was almost always aberrantly located to the cytoplasm, conversely classic ILCs are typically completely negative for this molecule; iv) epithelial to mesenchymal transition marker expression was not associated with E-cadherin deregulation. Comparative Genomic Hybridsation (CGH) and exome sequencing was performed to investigate clonal relationships between the different intratumour morphologies and identify mechanisms underlying the change in phenotype. Our analysis revealed that i) all morphological components within a case are clonally related; ii) divergence of the morphological components may occur early during tumour evolution (where both DCIS and LCIS are present) or later during tumour progression (cases with only DCIS detectible); and iii) mutations were identified in genes such as CDH1 and ESR1, and other breast cancer driver genes. Together, these data strongly support the concept that the disparate morphological components of these mixed tumours are clonally related, and are not the result of a collision event. Furthermore, we show that lobular morphology can arise via a 'ductal' pathway of tumour progression. The mechanisms driving the change in phenotype are yet to be fully elucidated, but there is significant intertumour heterogeneity and each case may utilise a unique molecular mechanism.
Citation Format: McCart Reed AE, Kutasovic JR, Nones K, da Silva L, Melville L, Jayanthan J, Vargas AC, Reid LE, Saunus JM, Cummings MM, Porter A, Evans E, Waddell N, Lakhani SR, Simpson PT. Mixed ductal-lobular carcinomas of the breast: Abrogated cell adhesion in the clonal evolution from ductal to lobular morphology [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2016 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2016 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-07-08.
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Affiliation(s)
- AE McCart Reed
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; QIMR Clive Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The Wesley Breast Clinic, The Wesley Hospital, Brisbane, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - JR Kutasovic
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; QIMR Clive Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The Wesley Breast Clinic, The Wesley Hospital, Brisbane, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - K Nones
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; QIMR Clive Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The Wesley Breast Clinic, The Wesley Hospital, Brisbane, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - L da Silva
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; QIMR Clive Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The Wesley Breast Clinic, The Wesley Hospital, Brisbane, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - L Melville
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; QIMR Clive Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The Wesley Breast Clinic, The Wesley Hospital, Brisbane, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - J Jayanthan
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; QIMR Clive Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The Wesley Breast Clinic, The Wesley Hospital, Brisbane, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - AC Vargas
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; QIMR Clive Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The Wesley Breast Clinic, The Wesley Hospital, Brisbane, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - LE Reid
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; QIMR Clive Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The Wesley Breast Clinic, The Wesley Hospital, Brisbane, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - JM Saunus
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; QIMR Clive Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The Wesley Breast Clinic, The Wesley Hospital, Brisbane, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - MM Cummings
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; QIMR Clive Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The Wesley Breast Clinic, The Wesley Hospital, Brisbane, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - A Porter
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; QIMR Clive Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The Wesley Breast Clinic, The Wesley Hospital, Brisbane, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - E Evans
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; QIMR Clive Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The Wesley Breast Clinic, The Wesley Hospital, Brisbane, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - N Waddell
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; QIMR Clive Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The Wesley Breast Clinic, The Wesley Hospital, Brisbane, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - SR Lakhani
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; QIMR Clive Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The Wesley Breast Clinic, The Wesley Hospital, Brisbane, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - PT Simpson
- The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; QIMR Clive Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; The Wesley Breast Clinic, The Wesley Hospital, Brisbane, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Morandi S, Cremonesi P, Capra E, Silvetti T, Decimo M, Bianchini V, Alves AC, Vargas AC, Costa GM, Ribeiro MG, Brasca M. Molecular typing and differences in biofilm formation and antibiotic susceptibilities among Prototheca strains isolated in Italy and Brazil. J Dairy Sci 2016; 99:6436-6445. [PMID: 27236754 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2016-10900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Bovine mastitis caused by Prototheca is a serious and complex problem that accounts for high economic losses in the dairy industry. The main objective of this study was to identify and characterize at genetic level different Prototheca strains and provide the most complete data about protothecal antibiotic resistance. The study involves 46 isolates from Italian (13 strains) and Brazilian (33 strains) mastitic milk. These strains were identified by multiplex PCR and single strand conformation polymorphism analysis and characterized by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-PCR. Moreover, biofilm production and antibiotic susceptibility were evaluated. Forty-two strains resulted as Prototheca zopfii genotype 2, whereas 4 isolates could belong to a potential new Prototheca species. The RAPD-PCR, performed with 3 primers (M13, OPA-4, and OPA-18), showed a notable heterogeneity among isolates and grouped the strains according to the species and geographical origin. Biofilm production was species-dependent and P. zopfii genotype 2 strains were classified as strong biofilm producers. In vitro antibiotic susceptibility tests indicated that Prototheca strains were susceptible to antibacterial drugs belonging to aminoglycosides group; the highest activity against Prototheca strains was observed in the case of colistin sulfate, gentamicin, and netilmicin (100% of susceptible strains). It is interesting to note that all the Italian P. zopfii genotype 2 strains showed lower minimum inhibitory concentration values than the Brazilian ones. Nisin showed more efficacy than lysozyme and potassium sorbate, inhibiting 31% of the strains. Results obtained in this study confirmed that RAPD-PCR is a rapid, inexpensive, and highly discriminating tool for Prototheca strains characterization and could give a good scientific contribution for better understanding the protothecal mastitis in dairy herd.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Morandi
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, Italian National Research Council, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - P Cremonesi
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, National Research Council, 26900 Lodi, Italy
| | - E Capra
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, National Research Council, 26900 Lodi, Italy
| | - T Silvetti
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, Italian National Research Council, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - M Decimo
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, Italian National Research Council, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - V Bianchini
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna (IZSLER), 26900 Lodi, Italy
| | - A C Alves
- Department of Veterinary Hygiene and Public Health, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 18618-970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - A C Vargas
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - G M Costa
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal de Lavras, 37200000, Larvas, MG, Brazil
| | - M G Ribeiro
- Department of Veterinary Hygiene and Public Health, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 18618-970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - M Brasca
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, Italian National Research Council, 20133 Milan, Italy
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