1
|
Kora AJ. A domestic pressure cooker mediated, facile autoclaving method for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. MethodsX 2023; 11:102438. [PMID: 37928108 PMCID: PMC10622712 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2023.102438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
As an alternative to an expensive hydrothermal reactor, in the current method a domestic pressure was used for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag NP) using tree gum, kondagogu as dual functional reductant and stabilizer by autoclaving. The formation of Ag NP was evaluated with colour transformation, UV-Visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis) and transmission electron microscopy. The formation of Ag NP by gum confirmed from the developed yellow coloration of the solution and the appearance of surface plasmon resonance peak at 408 nm in the UV-Vis. The produced NP were spherical, polydisperse, particle size ranged from 2.9-17.6 nm and the average particle size was 4.5 ± 3.1 nm. The developed method is useful for demonstration, gaining hands on experience and production of metal and metal oxide NP in resource limited small laboratories, rural colleges, startups etc.•Pressure cooker serves as an easily accessible, durable, inexpensive, electricity independent hydrothermal nanoparticle production vessel.•Autoclaving serves as a facile, ecofriendly, less energy consuming, one pot, green method with dual functional role of in situ nanoparticle synthesis and sterilization.•Production of intrinsically safe and sterile nanoparticles amenable for in vivo and in vitro biomedical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aruna Jyothi Kora
- National Centre for Compositional Characterisation of Materials (NCCCM), Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), ECIL PO, Hyderabad 500 062, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400 094, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Shanmugam T, Mullapudi VBK, Yerroju S, Kora AJ, Kumar S. Covellite (CuS) as a novel adsorbent for the direct removal of As(III) and As(V) simultaneously from groundwater. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2021.1944210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thangavel Shanmugam
- National Centre for Compositional Characterisation of Materials, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Sunitha Yerroju
- National Centre for Compositional Characterisation of Materials, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Hyderabad, India
| | - Aruna Jyothi Kora
- National Centre for Compositional Characterisation of Materials, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Hyderabad, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Sanjiv Kumar
- National Centre for Compositional Characterisation of Materials, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Hyderabad, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kora AJ. Exudate Tree Gums: Properties and Applications. POLYSACCHARIDES 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/9781119711414.ch10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
|
4
|
Kora AJ, Mounika J, Jagadeeshwar R. Rice leaf extract synthesized silver nanoparticles: An in vitro fungicidal evaluation against Rhizoctonia solani, the causative agent of sheath blight disease in rice. Fungal Biol 2020; 124:671-681. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2020.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
|
5
|
Kora AJ. Multifaceted activities of plant gum synthesised platinum nanoparticles: catalytic, peroxidase, PCR enhancing and antioxidant activities. IET Nanobiotechnol 2019; 13:602-608. [PMID: 31432793 PMCID: PMC8676073 DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2018.5407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A single pot, green method for platinum nanoparticles (Pt NP) production was devised with gum ghatti (Anogeissus latifolia). Analytical tools: ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis), dynamic light scattering, zeta potential, transmission electron microscope, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were employed. Wide continuous UV-vis absorption and black solution colouration proved Pt NP formation. Face-centred cubic crystalline structure of NP was evidenced from XRD. NPs formed were nearly spherical with a mean particle size of 3 nm. NP demonstrated a myriad of properties including catalytic, peroxidase, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) enhancing and antioxidant activities. Catalytic action of NP was probed via NaBH4 reduction of arsenazo-III dye. NP displayed considerable peroxidase activity via catalysis of 3, 3', 5, 5'-tetramethylbenzidine oxidation by H2O2. NP showed exceptional stability towards varying pH (3-11), temperature (25-100°C), salt concentration (0-100 mM) and storage time duration (0-12 months). In comparison with horse radish peroxidase, its applicability as an artificial peroxidase is advantageous. NP caused a two-fold enhancement in PCR yield at 0.4 nM. Also showed significant 1', 1' diphenyl picryl-hydrazyle scavenging (80.1%) at 15 µg/mL. Author envisages that the biogenic Pt NP can be used in a range of biological and environmental applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aruna Jyothi Kora
- National Centre for Compositional Characterisation of Materials (NCCCM), Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, ECIL PO, Hyderabad - 500 062, Telangana, India.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Abstract
Selenium nanoparticles (Se NPs) were synthesised using sodium borohydride as a reductant and gum kondagogu as a stabiliser. Plant gum serves as a renewable, non-toxic, non-immunogenic, biopolymer based feedstock. Role of gum on synthesis and mean particle size was studied using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering. NP generation was visualised with orange red colouration and NPs exhibited a surface plasmon resonance peak at 250 nm. Formed NPs were amorphous, polydisperse and spherical. NPs showed a bimodal distribution, size varied from 44.4 to 200 nm and mean particle size was 105.6 nm. NP solution exhibited a zeta potential of -39.9 mV, confirming the superior stability. In comparison to ionic Se, the gum capped Se NPs exhibited superior 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyle and 2, 2-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthinzoline-6-sulphonic acid) radial scavenging activities of 73.2 and 92.2%, respectively, at 25 µg/ml. Antibacterial potential of NPs was checked with well diffusion assay. NPs exhibited growth inhibition activity against Gram-positive bacteria only. Bacillus subtilis and Micrococcus luteus showed respective inhibition zones of 6.3 and 8.6 mm at 12 µg. Thus, the present study demonstrates the applicability of tree gum stabilised Se NPs as a potent antioxidant nutrition supplement at a much lower dose, in comparison with ionic Se.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aruna Jyothi Kora
- National Centre for Compositional Characterisation of Materials (NCCCM), Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), ECIL PO, Hyderabad 500062, India.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kora AJ. Bacillus cereus, selenite-reducing bacterium from contaminated lake of an industrial area: a renewable nanofactory for the synthesis of selenium nanoparticles. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2018. [DOI: 10.1186/s40643-018-0217-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
|
8
|
Kora AJ, Sashidhar R. Biogenic silver nanoparticles synthesized with rhamnogalacturonan gum: Antibacterial activity, cytotoxicity and its mode of action. ARAB J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2014.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
|
9
|
Kora AJ, Rastogi L. Bacteriogenic synthesis of selenium nanoparticles by Escherichia coli ATCC 35218 and its structural characterisation. IET Nanobiotechnol 2017; 11:179-184. [PMID: 28477001 PMCID: PMC8676288 DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2016.0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A biosynthetic method for the production of selenium nanoparticles under ambient temperature and pressure from sodium selenite was developed using Gram-negative bacterial strain Escherichia coli ATCC 35218. Bacteriogenic nanoparticles were methodologically characterized employing UV-vis, XRD, Raman spectroscopy, SEM, TEM, DLS and FTIR techniques. Generation of nanoparticles was visualized from the appearance of red colour in the selenite supplemented culture medium and broad absorption bands in the UV-vis. Biofabricated nanoparticles were spherical, polydisperse, ranged from 100-183 nm and the average particle size was about 155 nm. Based on selected-area electron diffraction, XRD patterns; and Raman spectroscopy the nanospheres were found to be amorphous. IR spectrum revealed the involvement of bacterial proteins in the reduction of selenite and stabilization of nanoparticles. Used bacterial strain demonstrated efficient selenite reduction capability which was evident from 89.2% of selenium removal within 72 h at a concentration of 1 mM. Observation noted in the current study highlight the importance of bacterial reduction in selenium nanoparticle generation which can be scaled up for commercial production. Also, the bacteriogenic, amorphous nanoparticles can also be used as nutritional supplements for humans since selenium nanoparticles of 5-200 nm are bioavailable and known to induce seleno enzymes involved in antioxidant defence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aruna Jyothi Kora
- National Centre for Compositional Characterisation of Materials (NCCCM), Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), ECIL PO, Hyderabad 500 062, India.
| | - Lori Rastogi
- National Centre for Compositional Characterisation of Materials (NCCCM), Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), ECIL PO, Hyderabad 500 062, India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kora AJ, Rastogi L. Biomimetic synthesis of selenium nanoparticles by Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853: An approach for conversion of selenite. J Environ Manage 2016; 181:231-236. [PMID: 27353373 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Revised: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A facile and green method for the reduction of selenite was developed using a Gram-negative bacterial strain Pseudomonas aeruginosa, under aerobic conditions. During the process of bacterial conversion, the elemental selenium nanoparticles were produced. These nanoparticles were systematically characterized using various analytical techniques including UV-visible spectroscopy, XRD, Raman spectroscopy, SEM, DLS, TEM and FTIR spectroscopy techniques. The generation of selenium nanoparticles was confirmed from the appearance of red colour in the culture broth and broad absorption peaks in the UV-vis. The synthesized nanoparticles were spherical, polydisperse, ranged from 47 to 165 nm and the average particle size was about 95.9 nm. The selected-area electron diffraction, XRD patterns; and Raman spectroscopy established the amorphous nature of the fabricated nanoparticles. The IR data demonstrated the bacterial protein mediated selenite reduction and capping of the produced nanoparticles. The selenium removal was assessed at different selenite concentrations using ICP-OES and the results showed that the tested bacterial strain exhibited significant selenite reduction activity. The results demonstrate the possible application of P. aeruginosa for bioremediation of waters polluted with toxic and soluble selenite. Moreover, the potential metal reduction capability of the bacterial strain can function as green method for aerobic generation of selenium nanospheres.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aruna Jyothi Kora
- National Centre for Compositional Characterisation of Materials (NCCCM), Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), ECIL PO, Hyderabad, 500 062, India.
| | - Lori Rastogi
- National Centre for Compositional Characterisation of Materials (NCCCM), Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), ECIL PO, Hyderabad, 500 062, India.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kora AJ, Bhaskarapillai A, Toleti SR. Exopolymer produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa: A super sorbent for ruthenium. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2016.1166133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
12
|
Rastogi L, Beedu SR, Kora AJ. Facile synthesis of palladium nanocatalyst using gum kondagogu (
Cochlospermum gossypium
): a natural biopolymer. IET Nanobiotechnol 2015; 9:362-7. [DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2014.0055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lori Rastogi
- Environmental and Analytical Chemistry SectionNational Centre for Compositional Characterisation of Materials (NCCCM), Bhabha Atomic Research CentreECIL POHyderabad 500 062India
| | - Sashidhar Rao Beedu
- Department of BiochemistryUniversity College of ScienceOsmania UniversityHyderabad 500 007TelanganaIndia
| | - Aruna Jyothi Kora
- Environmental and Analytical Chemistry SectionNational Centre for Compositional Characterisation of Materials (NCCCM), Bhabha Atomic Research CentreECIL POHyderabad 500 062India
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kora AJ, Sashidhar RB. Antibacterial activity of biogenic silver nanoparticles synthesized with gum ghatti and gum olibanum: a comparative study. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2014; 68:88-97. [PMID: 25138141 DOI: 10.1038/ja.2014.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Revised: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Presently, silver nanoparticles produced by biological methods have received considerable significance owing to the natural abundance of renewable, cost-effective and biodegradable materials, thus implementing the green chemistry principles. Compared with the nanoparticles synthesized using chemical methods, most biogenic silver nanoparticles are protein capped, which imparts stability and biocompatibility, and enhanced antibacterial activity. In this study, we compared the antibacterial effect of two biogenic silver nanoparticles produced with natural plant gums: gum ghatti and gum olibanum against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Bacterial interaction with nanoparticles was probed both in planktonic and biofilm modes of growth; employing solid agar and liquid broth assays for inhibition zone, antibiofilm activity, inhibition of growth kinetics, leakage of intracellular contents, membrane permeabilization and reactive oxygen species production. In addition, cytotoxicity of the biogenic nanoparticles was evaluated in HeLa cells, a human carcinoma cell line. Antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity of the silver nanoparticles synthesized with gum ghatti (Ag NP-GT) was greater than that produced with gum olibanum (Ag NP-OB). This could be attributed to the smaller size (5.7 nm), monodispersity and zeta potential of the Ag NP-GT. The study suggests that Ag NP-GT can be employed as a cytotoxic bactericidal agent, whereas Ag NP-OB (7.5 nm) as a biocompatible bactericidal agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aruna Jyothi Kora
- National Centre for Compositional Characterisation of Materials (NCCCM), Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Hyderabad, India
| | - Rao Beedu Sashidhar
- Department of Biochemistry, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kora AJ, Arunachalam J. Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles by the seed extract of
Strychnos potatorum
: a natural phytocoagulant. IET Nanobiotechnol 2013; 7:83-9. [DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2013.0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Aruna Jyothi Kora
- National Centre for Compositional Characterisation of Materials (NCCCM)Bhabha Atomic Research CentreECIL POHyderabad500 062India
| | - Jayaraman Arunachalam
- National Centre for Compositional Characterisation of Materials (NCCCM)Bhabha Atomic Research CentreECIL POHyderabad500 062India
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Kora AJ, Sashidhar R, Arunachalam J. Aqueous extract of gum olibanum (Boswellia serrata): A reductant and stabilizer for the biosynthesis of antibacterial silver nanoparticles. Process Biochem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2012.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
16
|
Kora AJ, Beedu SR, Jayaraman A. Size-controlled green synthesis of silver nanoparticles mediated by gum ghatti (Anogeissus latifolia) and its biological activity. Org Med Chem Lett 2012; 2:17. [PMID: 22571686 PMCID: PMC3407523 DOI: 10.1186/2191-2858-2-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2011] [Accepted: 05/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gum ghatti is a proteinaceous edible, exudate tree gum of India and is also used in traditional medicine. A facile and ecofriendly green method has been developed for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles from silver nitrate using gum ghatti (Anogeissus latifolia) as a reducing and stabilizing agent. The influence of concentration of gum and reaction time on the synthesis of nanoparticles was studied. UV-visible spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analytical techniques were used to characterize the synthesized nanoparticles. RESULTS By optimizing the reaction conditions, we could achieve nearly monodispersed and size controlled spherical nanoparticles of around 5.7 ± 0.2 nm. A possible mechanism involved in the reduction and stabilization of nanoparticles has been investigated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. CONCLUSIONS The synthesized silver nanoparticles had significant antibacterial action on both the Gram classes of bacteria. As the silver nanoparticles are encapsulated with functional group rich gum, they can be easily integrated for various biological applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aruna Jyothi Kora
- Department of Biochemistry, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, 500 007,, AP, India.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kora AJ, Sashidhar R, Arunachalam J. Gum kondagogu (Cochlospermum gossypium): A template for the green synthesis and stabilization of silver nanoparticles with antibacterial application. Carbohydr Polym 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2010.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 248] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
18
|
Kora AJ, Arunachalam J. Assessment of antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles on Pseudomonas aeruginosa and its mechanism of action. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-010-0569-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
19
|
Rao TS, Kora AJ, Chandramohan P, Panigrahi BS, Narasimhan SV. Biofouling and microbial corrosion problem in the thermo-fluid heat exchanger and cooling water system of a nuclear test reactor. Biofouling 2009; 25:581-91. [PMID: 20183117 DOI: 10.1080/08927010903016543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
This article discusses aspects of biofouling and corrosion in the thermo-fluid heat exchanger (TFHX) and in the cooling water system of a nuclear test reactor. During inspection, it was observed that >90% of the TFHX tube bundle was clogged with thick fouling deposits. Both X-ray diffraction and Mossbauer analyses of the fouling deposit demonstrated iron corrosion products. The exterior of the tubercle showed the presence of a calcium and magnesium carbonate mixture along with iron oxides. Raman spectroscopy analysis confirmed the presence of calcium carbonate scale in the calcite phase. The interior of the tubercle contained significant iron sulphide, magnetite and iron-oxy-hydroxide. A microbiological assay showed a considerable population of iron oxidizing bacteria and sulphate reducing bacteria (10(5) to 10(6) cfu g(-1) of deposit). As the temperature of the TFHX is in the range of 45-50 degrees C, the microbiota isolated/assayed from the fouling deposit are designated as thermo-tolerant bacteria. The mean corrosion rate of the CS coupons exposed online was approximately 2.0 mpy and the microbial counts of various corrosion causing bacteria were in the range 10(3) to 10(5) cfu ml(-1) in the cooling water and 10(6) to 10(8) cfu ml(-1) in the biofilm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T S Rao
- Water and Steam Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Facilities, Kalpakkam, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Kora AJ, Manjusha R, Arunachalam J. Superior bactericidal activity of SDS capped silver nanoparticles: Synthesis and characterization. Materials Science and Engineering: C 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2009.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|