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Kumar P, Nalli Y, Dhimmar A, Singh S, Ghadge VA, Sahastrabudhe H, Gajjar A, Shinde PB. Bacillinaphthin A: A New Naphthohydroquinone from the Endophyte Bacillus subtilis NPROOT3. Chem Biodivers 2023:e202300106. [PMID: 37170660 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202300106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The present study explores the endophyte associated with the halophyte Salicornia brachiata for uncovering new biologically important compounds. Thus, HPLC-PDA guided chemical investigation of the ethyl acetate extract of the Bacillus subtilis NPROOT3 led to the isolation of a new compound named bacillinaphthin A (1) along with previously known rubinaphthin A (2). The structure of 2 was determined by a comparison of HR-ESI-MS, 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonances (NMR) with those of reported data, whereas the structure of new compound 1 was elucidated by interpretation of 1D- and 2D-NMR and MS data. Bacillinaphthin (1) and rubinaphthin (2) feature 1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoic acid derivatives which have been isolated herein for the first time from the genus Bacillus. Bacillinaphthin (1) is a new congener of 2 with an additional succinic acid side chain attached to the sugar moiety. Production of succinoglycan compounds was reported to regulate symbiosis, hence the isolation of 1 exhibits an example of chemical ecology between the halophyte and its endophyte. In silico tools were used to assess the bioactive potential of both isolated molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Kumar
- CSIR-CSMCRI: Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute CSIR, Natural Products & Green Chemistry, GB Marg, Bhavnagar, INDIA
| | - Yedukondalu Nalli
- CSIR-CSMCRI: Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute CSIR, Natural Products & Green Chemistry, GB Marg, Bhavnagar, INDIA
| | - Asmita Dhimmar
- CSIR-CSMCRI: Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute CSIR, Natural Products & Green Chemistry, GB Marg, Bhavnagar, INDIA
| | - Sanju Singh
- CSIR-CSMCRI: Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute CSIR, Natural Products & Green Chemistry, GB Marg, Bhavnagar, INDIA
| | - Vishal A Ghadge
- CSIR-CSMCRI: Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute CSIR, Natural Products & Green Chemistry, GB Marg, Bhavnagar, INDIA
| | - Harshal Sahastrabudhe
- CSIR-CSMCRI: Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute CSIR, Natural Products & Green Chemistry, GB Marg, Bhavnagar, INDIA
| | - Apexa Gajjar
- CSIR-CSMCRI: Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute CSIR, Natural Products & Green Chemistry, GB Marg, Bhavnagar, INDIA
| | - Pramod B Shinde
- CSIR-CSMCRI: Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute CSIR, Natural Products and Green Chemistry, GB Marg, 364002, Bhavnagar, INDIA
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Singh S, Nimse SB, Mathew DE, Dhimmar A, Sahastrabudhe H, Gajjar A, Ghadge VA, Kumar P, Shinde PB. Microbial melanin: Recent advances in biosynthesis, extraction, characterization, and applications. Biotechnol Adv 2021; 53:107773. [PMID: 34022328 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2021.107773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Melanin is a common name for a group of biopolymers with the dominance of potential applications in medical sciences, cosmeceutical, bioremediation, and bioelectronic applications. The broad distribution of these pigments suggests their role to combat abiotic and biotic stresses in diverse life forms. Biosynthesis of melanin in fungi and bacteria occurs by oxidative polymerization of phenolic compounds predominantly by two pathways, 1,8-dihydroxynaphthalene [DHN] or 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine [DOPA], resulting in different kinds of melanin, i.e., eumelanin, pheomelanin, allomelanin, pyomelanin, and neuromelanin. The enzymes responsible for melanin synthesis belong mainly to tyrosinase, laccase, and polyketide synthase families. Studies have shown that manipulating culture parameters, combined with recombinant technology, can increase melanin yield for large-scale production. Despite significant efforts, its low solubility has limited the development of extraction procedures, and heterogeneous structural complexity has impaired structural elucidation, restricting effective exploitation of their biotechnological potential. Innumerable studies have been performed on melanin pigments from different taxa of life in order to advance the knowledge about melanin pigments for their efficient utilization in diverse applications. These studies prompted an urgent need for a comprehensive review on melanin pigments isolated from microorganisms, so that such review encompassing biosynthesis, bioproduction, characterization, and potential applications would help researchers from diverse background to understand the importance of microbial melanins and to utilize the information from the review for planning studies on melanin. With this aim in mind, the present report compares conventional and modern ideas for environment-friendly extraction procedures for melanin. Furthermore, the characteristic parameters to differentiate between eumelanin and pheomelanin are also mentioned, followed by their biotechnological applications forming the basis of industrial utilization. There lies a massive scope of work to circumvent the bottlenecks in their isolation and structural elucidation methodologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanju Singh
- Natural Products & Green Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Satish B Nimse
- Institute of Applied Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Hallym University, Chuncheon 200702, Republic of Korea
| | - Doniya Elze Mathew
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India; Applied Phycology and Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat, India
| | - Asmita Dhimmar
- Natural Products & Green Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Harshal Sahastrabudhe
- Natural Products & Green Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Apexa Gajjar
- Natural Products & Green Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Vishal A Ghadge
- Natural Products & Green Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar
- Natural Products & Green Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Pramod B Shinde
- Natural Products & Green Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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Singh S, Ghadge VA, Kumar P, Mathew DE, Dhimmar A, Sahastrabudhe H, Nalli Y, Rathod MR, Shinde PB. Biodiversity and antimicrobial potential of bacterial endophytes from halophyte Salicornia brachiata. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2021; 114:591-608. [PMID: 33674993 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-021-01544-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Extreme natural habitats like halophytes, marsh land, and marine environment are suitable arena for chemical ecology between plants and microbes having environmental impact. Endophytes are an ecofriendly option for the promotion of plant growth and to serve as sustainable resource of novel bioactive natural products. The present study, focusing on biodiversity of bacterial endophytes from Salicornia brachiata, led to isolation of around 336 bacterial endophytes. Phylogenetic analysis of 63 endophytes revealed 13 genera with 27 different species, belonging to 3 major groups: Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria. 30% endophytic isolates belonging to various genera demonstrated broad-spectrum antibacterial and antifungal activities against a panel of human, plant, and aquatic infectious agents. An endophytic isolate Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 5NPA-1, exhibited strong in-vitro antibacterial activity against human pathogen Staphylococcus aureus and phytopathogen Xanthomonas campestris. Investigation through LC-MS/MS-based molecular networking and bioactivity-guided purification led to the identification of three bioactive compounds belonging to lipopeptide class based on 1H-, 13C-NMR and MS analysis. To our knowledge, this is the first report studying bacterial endophytic biodiversity of Salicornia brachiata and the isolation of bioactive compounds from its endophyte. Overall, the present study provides insights into the diversity of endophytes associated with the plants from the extreme environment as a rich source of metabolites with remarkable agricultural applications and therapeutic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanju Singh
- Natural Products and Green Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Bhavnagar, Gujarat, 364002, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Vishal A Ghadge
- Natural Products and Green Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Bhavnagar, Gujarat, 364002, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar
- Natural Products and Green Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Bhavnagar, Gujarat, 364002, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Doniya Elze Mathew
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.,Applied Phycology and Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Bhavnagar, Gujarat, 364002, India
| | - Asmita Dhimmar
- Natural Products and Green Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Bhavnagar, Gujarat, 364002, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Harshal Sahastrabudhe
- Natural Products and Green Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Bhavnagar, Gujarat, 364002, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Yedukondalu Nalli
- Natural Products and Green Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Bhavnagar, Gujarat, 364002, India
| | - Mina R Rathod
- Natural Products and Green Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Bhavnagar, Gujarat, 364002, India
| | - Pramod B Shinde
- Natural Products and Green Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Bhavnagar, Gujarat, 364002, India. .,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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