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Rani KC, Parfati N, Aryani NLD, Winantari AN, Fitriani EW, Pradana AT, Nawatila R, Putranti AR, Irine F, Angelica F, Yohanes C, Avanti C. Development, Evaluation, and Molecular Docking of Oral Dissolving Film of Atenolol. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13101727. [PMID: 34684021 PMCID: PMC8537485 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13101727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of oral dissolving film (ODF) of atenolol is an attempt to enhance convenience and compliance for geriatric patients suffering from hypertension. Film former is the most essential component in ODF that determines the physical characteristic and drug release. In this study, three different types of film former including HPMC E5 4% (w/v), 5% (w/v), CMC-Na 3% (w/v), 4% (w/v), and Na-alginate 2.5% (w/v), 3% (w/v) were optimized in Formula 1 (F1) to Formula 6 (F6), respectively. A solvent casting method was employed to develop ODF of atenolol. The films formed by HPMC E5 produced a smooth and flexible surface, whereas CMC-Na and Na-alginate produced gritty textured films. Satisfactory results were obtained from several physical parameters such as film thickness, folding endurance, swelling index, and disintegration time. The homogeneity, drug content, and dissolution properties of ODF with HPMC exhibited better characteristics than the other formulas. Formula 1 exhibited the highest drug release compared to the other ODFs. The molecular docking results showed that there was a hydrogen bonding between atenolol and film formers which was also supported by the FTIR spectrum. The findings of this study suggest that HPMC E5 is the most favorable film former for ODF of atenolol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Citra Rani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Surabaya, Surabaya 60293, Indonesia; (K.C.R.); (N.P.); (N.L.D.A.); (A.N.W.); (E.W.F.); (A.T.P.); (R.N.); (A.R.P.); (F.I.); (F.A.); (C.Y.)
| | - Nani Parfati
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Surabaya, Surabaya 60293, Indonesia; (K.C.R.); (N.P.); (N.L.D.A.); (A.N.W.); (E.W.F.); (A.T.P.); (R.N.); (A.R.P.); (F.I.); (F.A.); (C.Y.)
| | - Ni Luh Dewi Aryani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Surabaya, Surabaya 60293, Indonesia; (K.C.R.); (N.P.); (N.L.D.A.); (A.N.W.); (E.W.F.); (A.T.P.); (R.N.); (A.R.P.); (F.I.); (F.A.); (C.Y.)
| | - Agnes Nuniek Winantari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Surabaya, Surabaya 60293, Indonesia; (K.C.R.); (N.P.); (N.L.D.A.); (A.N.W.); (E.W.F.); (A.T.P.); (R.N.); (A.R.P.); (F.I.); (F.A.); (C.Y.)
| | - Endang Wahyu Fitriani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Surabaya, Surabaya 60293, Indonesia; (K.C.R.); (N.P.); (N.L.D.A.); (A.N.W.); (E.W.F.); (A.T.P.); (R.N.); (A.R.P.); (F.I.); (F.A.); (C.Y.)
| | - Aditya Trias Pradana
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Surabaya, Surabaya 60293, Indonesia; (K.C.R.); (N.P.); (N.L.D.A.); (A.N.W.); (E.W.F.); (A.T.P.); (R.N.); (A.R.P.); (F.I.); (F.A.); (C.Y.)
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Roisah Nawatila
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Surabaya, Surabaya 60293, Indonesia; (K.C.R.); (N.P.); (N.L.D.A.); (A.N.W.); (E.W.F.); (A.T.P.); (R.N.); (A.R.P.); (F.I.); (F.A.); (C.Y.)
| | - Astridani Rizky Putranti
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Surabaya, Surabaya 60293, Indonesia; (K.C.R.); (N.P.); (N.L.D.A.); (A.N.W.); (E.W.F.); (A.T.P.); (R.N.); (A.R.P.); (F.I.); (F.A.); (C.Y.)
| | - Florencia Irine
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Surabaya, Surabaya 60293, Indonesia; (K.C.R.); (N.P.); (N.L.D.A.); (A.N.W.); (E.W.F.); (A.T.P.); (R.N.); (A.R.P.); (F.I.); (F.A.); (C.Y.)
| | - Florentia Angelica
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Surabaya, Surabaya 60293, Indonesia; (K.C.R.); (N.P.); (N.L.D.A.); (A.N.W.); (E.W.F.); (A.T.P.); (R.N.); (A.R.P.); (F.I.); (F.A.); (C.Y.)
| | - Cintya Yohanes
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Surabaya, Surabaya 60293, Indonesia; (K.C.R.); (N.P.); (N.L.D.A.); (A.N.W.); (E.W.F.); (A.T.P.); (R.N.); (A.R.P.); (F.I.); (F.A.); (C.Y.)
| | - Christina Avanti
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Surabaya, Surabaya 60293, Indonesia; (K.C.R.); (N.P.); (N.L.D.A.); (A.N.W.); (E.W.F.); (A.T.P.); (R.N.); (A.R.P.); (F.I.); (F.A.); (C.Y.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +62-31-298-1000
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