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Kaliannan K, Hamarneh SR, Economopoulos KP, Nasrin Alam S, Moaven O, Patel P, Malo NS, Ray M, Abtahi SM, Muhammad N, Raychowdhury A, Teshager A, Mohamed MMR, Moss AK, Ahmed R, Hakimian S, Narisawa S, Millán JL, Hohmann E, Warren HS, Bhan AK, Malo MS, Hodin RA. Intestinal alkaline phosphatase prevents metabolic syndrome in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:7003-8. [PMID: 23569246 PMCID: PMC3637741 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1220180110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome comprises a cluster of related disorders that includes obesity, glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and fatty liver. Recently, gut-derived chronic endotoxemia has been identified as a primary mediator for triggering the low-grade inflammation responsible for the development of metabolic syndrome. In the present study we examined the role of the small intestinal brush-border enzyme, intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP), in preventing a high-fat-diet-induced metabolic syndrome in mice. We found that both endogenous and orally supplemented IAP inhibits absorption of endotoxin (lipopolysaccharides) that occurs with dietary fat, and oral IAP supplementation prevents as well as reverses metabolic syndrome. Furthermore, IAP supplementation improves the lipid profile in mice fed a standard, low-fat chow diet. These results point to a potentially unique therapy against metabolic syndrome in at-risk humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanakaraju Kaliannan
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Sulaiman R. Hamarneh
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | | | - Sayeda Nasrin Alam
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Omeed Moaven
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Palak Patel
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Nondita S. Malo
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Madhury Ray
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Seyed M. Abtahi
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Nur Muhammad
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Atri Raychowdhury
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Abeba Teshager
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Mussa M. Rafat Mohamed
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Angela K. Moss
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Rizwan Ahmed
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Shahrad Hakimian
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Sonoko Narisawa
- Sanford Children's Health Research Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037; and
| | - José Luis Millán
- Sanford Children's Health Research Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037; and
| | | | - H. Shaw Warren
- Infectious Disease Unit, Department of Medicine and Pediatrics, and
| | - Atul K. Bhan
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Madhu S. Malo
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Richard A. Hodin
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
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Sircar D, Sircar G, Waikhom R, Raychowdhury A, Pandey R. Clinical features, epidemiology, and short-term outcomes of proliferative lupus nephritis in Eastern India. Indian J Nephrol 2013; 23:5-11. [PMID: 23580798 PMCID: PMC3621239 DOI: 10.4103/0971-4065.107187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Race and ethnicity are important predictors of prognosis in lupus nephritis. This study was conducted to determine the clinical features, epidemiological profile, and short-term outcomes in patients of lupus nephritis from a single center in Eastern India. A total of 86 patients of class III/IV lupus nephritis were studied. Seventy-eight of them received cyclophosphamide for induction and eight of them received mycophenolate. The patients were evaluated for response, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and proteinuria at 6 months. About 44% patients had a partial or complete response at 6 months and 64% at 1 year. The factors correlating with response at 6 months were older age at diagnosis, hypertension, activity, and chronicity indices and duration of symptoms prior to therapy. Chronicity index and hypertension were the predictors of response by logistic regression at 6 months. Compared to the Caucasian and African American patients, patients with proliferative lupus in Eastern India presented with a lower eGFR, lower proteinuria, and higher chronicity scores. Older age at diagnosis, hypertension, activity, chronicity indices, and duration of symptoms correlated with response. Short-term outcomes were similar to those described in Caucasian patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Sircar
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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Mohamed M, Hamarneh S, Patel P, Malo N, Kalliannan K, Teshager A, Raychowdhury A, Moss A, Muhammad N, Abtahi S, Moaven O, Alam S, Economopoulos K, Malo M, Hodin R. Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase is an Endogenous Anti-Inflammatory Factor. J Surg Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2012.10.593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Hamarneh S, Kalliannan K, Mohamed M, Teshager A, Patel P, Malo N, Abtahi S, Muhammad N, Moaven O, Raychowdhury A, Alam S, Economopoulos K, Bhan A, Malo M, Hodin R. Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase Prevents Acute Alcohol-Induced Liver Injury. J Surg Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2012.10.427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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