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James BD, Greening NJ, Toms N, Woltmann G, Free RC, Haldar P, Steiner MC, Evans RA. P54 Can multi-morbid phenotypes be described in patients with advanced COPD using cluster analysis? Thorax 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2016-209333.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Abstract
In diagnostic surveys, Curvularia stem blight affected 9, 13, and 38% of cassava fields, respectively, in Benin, Ghana, and Nigeria. Disease incidence (number of plants with visible symptoms per total sampled) ranged between 0 and 80%, and severity (number of lesions) between 2 and 25 lesions per stem. In greenhouse studies, the fungus inhibited shoot growth depending on the degree of bud colonization, such that when buds were completely colonized, they failed to sprout. Partially colonized buds sprouted, but depending on genotype, overall growth was reduced 20 to 50% compared with healthy stems. Shoot growth for all artificially inoculated cultivars was consistently lower than for the respective noninoculated plants, and they suffered up to 50% leaf abscission. In two field localities, shoot sprouting for cultivars TMS 30572 and Odongbo was reduced 4 to 18% and 26 to 58% compared with noninoculated stems.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Msikita
- Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture, 2301 N. Cameron Street, Harrisburg PA 17110
| | - H Baimey
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Biocontrol Center for Africa, 08 BP 0932, Tri Postal, Cotonou, Benin, West Africa
| | - B D James
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Biocontrol Center for Africa, 08 BP 0932, Tri Postal, Cotonou, Benin, West Africa
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James BD, Smith BE. Convenient, High-Yield Syntheses of Bis(tetrahydroborato)bis(cyclopentadienyl)zirconium(IV) and Tetrakis(tetrahydroborato)zirconium(IV). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00945717408069676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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James BD, Glass TA, Augustin T, Schwartz BS. Neighborhood Context and Social Engagement: The Baltimore Memory Study. Am J Epidemiol 2006. [DOI: 10.1093/aje/163.suppl_11.s61-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the severity of impairments in the decision-making abilities (understanding, appreciation, reasoning, and choice) and competency to make a decision to use an Alzheimer disease (AD)-slowing medication in patients with AD and the relationships between these impairments, insight, and overall cognition. METHODS Semistructured in-home interviews were conducted with 48 patients with very mild to moderate AD and 102 family caregivers of patients with mild to severe AD recruited from the Memory Disorders Clinic of an AD center. The interview measured performance on the decision-making abilities and three expert psychiatrists' judgment of competency based on their independent review of the patient interviews. RESULTS There was considerable variation in patients' performance on the measures of decision-making abilities. Three expert raters found 19 of 48 (40%) of the subjects competent. Competent patients were more likely to show awareness of their symptoms, prognosis, and diagnosis. A sensitivity analysis suggests that a MMSE score is helpful in discriminating capacity from incapacity only when below 19 or above 23. CONCLUSIONS Persons with mild to moderate Alzheimer disease (AD) have notable impairments in their ability to make an AD treatment decision, especially persons with moderate AD and persons who lack awareness of symptoms, prognosis, or diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H T Karlawish
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Msikita W, Bissang B, James BD, Baimey H, Wilkinson HT, Ahounou M, Fagbemissi R. Prevalence and Severity of Nattrassia mangiferae Root and Stem Rot Pathogen of Cassava in Bénin. Plant Dis 2005; 89:12-16. [PMID: 30795277 DOI: 10.1094/pd-89-0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Root rot pathogens were found through diagnostic surveys in all departments (regions) of Bénin, West Africa, to affect 86 to 100% and 96 to 100% of cassava fields during the dry and rainy seasons, respectively. Disease incidence in individual fields ranged between 0 and 53%, and averaged 16 to 27% per department. Nattrassia mangiferae was consistently the most frequently isolated root rot pathogen (56% in the dry season and 22 to 52% in the rainy season). Pathogenicity of N. mangiferae was confirmed on four cultivars of cassava using stem cuttings and storage roots. For all four cultivars, N. mangiferae significantly reduced the number of roots. Lesions (3 to 15 cm long) formed on the lower stem portion of all inoculated plants, whereas control plants remained symptom free. On storage roots, the disease profile was similar to that formed on stem cuttings. Other root rot pathogens detected during the dry season were Macrophomina phaseolina (14.2%), Fusarium spp. (11.8%), Botryodiplodia theobromae (7.7%), and Pythium spp. (2.9%). During the rainy season, Fusarium spp. were the second most commonly isolated root rot pathogens in three departments (Atlantique, Borgou, and Mono). In Oueme and Zou, B. theobromae was the second most isolated root rot pathogen (ranging between 24 and 28%) during the rainy season. During the same season, Pythium spp. were pronounced in Borgou (18%), followed by Mono (11%), Atlantique (9%), Atacora (8%), Oueme (5%), and Zou (6%). Results of the study are discussed with a view to creating awareness of the destructive power of N. mangiferae, a hitherto poorly recognized root rot pathogen of cassava in Bénin and West Africa in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Msikita
- Ohio State University, Department of Plant Cellular and Molecular Biology, 318 W. 12th Avenue, Columbus 43210
| | - B Bissang
- Université du Bénin, Ecole Supérieure d'Agronomie, B.P. 1515, Lomé, Togo
| | - B D James
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, B.P. 08-0932, Cotonou, Bénin
| | - H Baimey
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, B.P. 08-0932, Cotonou, Bénin
| | - H T Wilkinson
- University of Illinois, Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, 1102 S. Goodwin Avenue, Urbana 61801
| | - M Ahounou
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, B.P. 08-0932, Cotonou, Bénin
| | - R Fagbemissi
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, B.P. 08-0932, Cotonou, Bénin
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Ashby EC, Schwartz RD, James BD. Preparation of magnesium aluminum hydride. Reactions of lithium and sodium aluminum hydrides with magnesium halides in ether solvents. Inorg Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ic50084a030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Abstract
To examine whether patients with dementia voted in the 2000 US Presidential Election, the authors surveyed 75 caregivers of patients with dementia. A substantial portion of patients with mild to moderate dementia voted on their own at a voting booth. Patients cared for by spouses were more likely to vote than patients cared for by adult children. Further research is needed to understand how persons with dementia and their caregivers decide what activities the person can and cannot continue and how well these decisions correspond to measures of competency.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H T Karlawish
- Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, USA.
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James BD, Bakalova M, Liesegang J, Reiff WM, Skelton BW, White AH. Isolation and detailed characterization of the trans-[(H2O)2FeCl4](-) anion: stabilization of novel iron(III) species by large organic cations. Inorg Chem 2001; 40:4617-22. [PMID: 11511206 DOI: 10.1021/ic001264p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
1,2-Diaminoethane (en) and FeCl3 give (enH2) [FeCl5(H2O)] (1) in concentrated HCl, extending the aquapentachloroferrate(III) series. For 1: C2H12N2Cl5OFe, orthorhombic, P2(1)2(1)2(1), a = 14.531(6) A, b = 10.772(4) A, c = 6.888(2) A, Z = 4. Diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane dihydrochloride (DABCO-2HCl) and FeCl3 in concentrated HCl form a tetrachloroferrate(III) derivative whose subsequent ethanol treatment (restricted water access) results in the formation of a compound of composition (DABCOH2)2 [FeCl4(H2O)2]Cl3 (2). This contains the trans-[FeCl4(H2O)2](-) anion, in which the trans-Fe-O distances are 2.049(4) A. For 2: C12H32N4Cl7O2Fe, orthorhombic, Pnma, a = 16.378(3) A, b = 7.3323(6) A, c = 19.431(3) A, Z = 4. A combination of 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy and ac susceptibility data confirm uncanted 3D antiferromagnetic ground states with T(Néel) approximately 3.4 K for (enH2)[FeCl5(H2O)] and approximately 2.0 K for [DABCOH2]2[FeCl4(H2O)2]Cl3.
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Affiliation(s)
- B D James
- Faculty of Science, Technology and Engineering, La Trobe University, Victoria 3086, Australia.
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Mujumba JK, James BD, Tariq SA. Decomposition of Some Skarn-Rock Samples in Neutral and Basic Molten Potassium Nitrate for the Extraction and Determination of Iron. Aust J Chem 1996. [DOI: 10.1071/ch9960261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Five skarn -rock samples were heated with KNO3 and with a solution of 5% KOH in KNO3 for 2 h at 450°C. The decomposed samples were cooled, dissolved in water and filtered. Iron was extracted from each residue as well as from the original samples by hot conc. HCl , and determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy. These results were compared with the known (X-ray fluorescence) total iron content of the original samples. The amount of iron extracted with HCl from the skarn samples was 3-11% lower, while that extracted after heating with KNO3 alone was 2-4% lower, than the amount present according to the X-ray fluorescence results. However, the amount of iron extracted from the samples treated with a solution of KOH in KNO3 was comparable to that determined by X-ray fluorescence.
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Jiang ZT, James BD, Liesegang J, Day CS. X-ray photoelectron and diffuse reflectance infrared spectroscopic studies of hydrogen bonding in substituted anilinium chloride and trichlorostannate (II) derivatives. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1994. [DOI: 10.1002/pssa.2211440202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Abstract
The secondary structures of the eubacterial RNase P RNAs are being elucidated by a phylogenetic comparative approach. Sequences of genes encoding RNase P RNA from each of the recognized subgroups (alpha, beta, gamma, and delta) of the proteobacteria have now been determined. These sequences allow the refinement, to nearly the base pair level, of the phylogenetic model for RNase P RNA secondary structure. Evolutionary change among the RNase P RNAs was found to occur primarily in four discrete structural domains that are peripheral to a highly conserved core structure. The new sequences were used to examine critically the proposed similarity (C. Guerrier-Takada, N. Lumelsky, and S. Altman, Science 246:1578-1584, 1989) between a portion of RNase P RNA and the "exit site" of the 23S rRNA of Escherichia coli. Phylogenetic comparisons indicate that these sequences are not homologous and that any similarity in the structures is, at best, tenuous.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Brown
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington 47405
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Stojkovski S, Whitfield DM, Magee RJ, James BD, Sarkar B. Interactions of a molybdenum(VI) oxo-cation with some uronic acids: a 1H- and 13C-nuclear magnetic resonance study. J Inorg Biochem 1990; 39:125-36. [PMID: 2166133 DOI: 10.1016/0162-0134(90)80021-o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The interactions of molybdate, [MoO4]2- with some uronic acids in aqueous D2O solution were studied by 1H- and 13C-NMR. Evidence is presented for a specific binding site of an Mo(VI) oxo-cation (Mo2O5(2+] with alpha-,beta-D-glucuronic acid. It is proposed that complexation involves the carboxylate oxygen (O-6b) and O-4 of the hydroxyl oxygen in a pyranose form (4C1), in the pH region 3.5-5.8.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Stojkovski
- Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Abstract
The most incisive a priori approach to inferring the higher order structure of large RNAs has proven to be the use of phylogenetic comparisons. This article provides guidelines to the method, using as an illustration the elucidation of the secondary structure of the catalytic RNA subunit of ribonuclease P (RNase P). The resultant structure is compared to the possibilities that are predicted thermodynamically for the RNase P RNA sequences of nine eubacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- N R Pace
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington 47405
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Abstract
A series of triphenyl-, tricyclohexyl- and tribenzyltin compounds have been synthesized and examined as inhibitors of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. All compounds tested inhibit oxidative phosphorylation linked to succinate oxidation by potato tuber mitochondria. All of the organotin compounds inhibit ADP-stimulated O2 uptake linked to succinate oxidation with concentrations for 50% inhibition in the range 2-50 microM. This inhibition is not due to inhibition of electron transport from succinate to O2 per se: none of the organotin compounds at 50 microM substantially inhibit the rate of succinate oxidation in the presence of 2,4-dinitrophenol. Representative organotin compounds at 0.5-50 microM do not act as uncouplers of succinate oxidation. It is concluded that the organotin compounds act as energy transfer inhibitors to inhibit oxidative phosphorylation in potato tuber mitochondria. A similar mode of action of representative organotin compounds was found with rat liver mitochondria. These organotin compounds inhibit a hydrophobic Ca2+-dependent plant protein kinase in the absence but not in the presence of thiols.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Chandra
- Department of Chemistry, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
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Abstract
Secondary structure models for the ribonuclease (RNAase) P RNAs of Bacillus subtilis and E. coli were derived by a phylogenetic comparative analysis of published sequences as well as four novel ones. The RNAase P RNA genes from Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus brevis, Bacillus stearothermophilus, and Pseudomonas fluorescens were cloned, sequenced, and compared with the other available sequences. Regions of pairing were identified by the occurrence of homologous complementary sequences that vary among the compared molecules. A common core of primary and secondary structure can be identified in all these RNAase P RNAs. The previously noted striking differences between the Bacillus and the enteric RNAase P RNAs arise not only from point mutations, but from the addition or deletion of structural domains. The primary and secondary structural features that are common to all of the RNAase P RNAs are likely to be the elements involved in the binding and cleavage of tRNA precursors, and in the interaction with the RNAase P protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- B D James
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington 47405
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James MA, James BD, Cameron TS. Crystal structure and hydrogen bonding in a pentachlorothallium(III) compound. Acta Crystallogr A 1987. [DOI: 10.1107/s010876738708111x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Affiliation(s)
- N R Pace
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington 47405
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Green BE, Kennard CHL, Smith G, James BD, White AH. (2,2'-Bipyridine)chloro(triphenylphosphine)copper(I) monohydrate, C28H23ClCuN2P.H2O. Acta Crystallogr C 1984. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108270184004388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Green BE, Kennard CHL, Hawkins CJ, Smith G, James BD, White AH. (2,9-Dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline)tetrahydroboratocopper(I). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1980. [DOI: 10.1107/s0567740880008862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Davies N, James BD, Wallbridge MGH. Preparation of bis-(π-cyclopentadienyl)hafnium bis-tetrahydroborate, and deuteriation studies on group IVAtetrahydroborate systems. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1969. [DOI: 10.1039/j19690002601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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