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Bors LA, Orsolits B, Ahmed NM, Cho H, Merkely B, Földes G. SARS-CoV-2 infection in cardiovascular disease: Unmet need of stem cell models. Physiol Int 2022. [PMID: 36057101 DOI: 10.1556/2060.2022.00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
This review aims to summarise new approaches in SARS-CoV-2-related research in cardiology. We provide a head-to-head comparison of models, such as animal research and human pluripotent stem cells, to investigate the pathomechanisms of COVID-19 and find an efficient therapy. In vivo methods were useful for studying systemic processes of the disease; however, due to differences in animal and human biology, the clinical translation of the results remains a complex task. In vitro stem cell research makes cellular events more observable and effective for finding new drugs and therapies for COVID-19, including the use of stem cells. Furthermore, multicellular 3D organoids even make it possible to observe the effects of drugs to treat SARS-CoV-2 infection in human organ models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Anna Bors
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Barbara Orsolits
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Hyunsoo Cho
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Béla Merkely
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Földes
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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2
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Berecz T, Yiu A, Vittay O, Orsolits B, Mioulane M, dos Remedios CG, Ketteler R, Merkely B, Apáti Á, Harding SE, Hellen N, Foldes G. Transcriptional co-activators YAP1-TAZ of Hippo signalling in doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy. ESC Heart Fail 2022; 9:224-235. [PMID: 34931757 PMCID: PMC8787991 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.13756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Hippo signalling is an evolutionarily conserved pathway that controls organ size by regulating apoptosis, cell proliferation, and stem cell self-renewal. Recently, the pathway has been shown to exert powerful growth regulatory activity in cardiomyocytes. However, the functional role of this stress-related and cell death-related pathway in the human heart and cardiomyocytes is not known. In this study, we investigated the role of the transcriptional co-activators of Hippo signalling, YAP and TAZ, in human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) in response to cardiotoxic agents and investigated the effects of modulating the pathway on cardiomyocyte function and survival. METHODS AND RESULTS RNA-sequencing analysis of human heart samples with doxorubicin-induced end-stage heart failure and healthy controls showed that YAP and ERBB2 (HER2) as upstream regulators of differentially expressed genes correlated with doxorubicin treatment. Thus, we tested the effects of doxorubicin on hiPSC-CMs in vitro. Using an automated high-content screen of 96 clinically relevant antineoplastic and cardiotherapeutic drugs, we showed that doxorubicin induced the highest activation of YAP/TAZ nuclear translocation in both hiPSC-CMs and control MCF7 breast cancer cells. The overexpression of YAP rescued doxorubicin-induced cell loss in hiPSC-CMs by inhibiting apoptosis and inducing proliferation. In contrast, silencing of YAP and TAZ by siRNAs resulted in elevated mitochondrial membrane potential loss in response to doxorubicin. hiPSC-CM calcium transients did not change in response to YAP/TAZ silencing. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that Hippo signalling is involved in clinical anthracycline-induced cardiomyopathy. Modelling with hiPSC-CMs in vitro showed similar responses to doxorubicin as adult cardiomyocytes and revealed a potential cardioprotective effect of YAP in doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tünde Berecz
- Heart and Vascular CenterSemmelweis University68 Városmajor StreetBudapestH1122Hungary
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural SciencesEötvös Loránd Research NetworkBudapestHungary
| | - Angela Yiu
- Department of Surgery and CancerImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Orsolya Vittay
- National Heart and Lung InstituteImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Barbara Orsolits
- Heart and Vascular CenterSemmelweis University68 Városmajor StreetBudapestH1122Hungary
| | - Maxime Mioulane
- National Heart and Lung InstituteImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Cristobal G. dos Remedios
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research InstituteDarlinghurstNSWAustralia
- Bosch InstituteThe University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Robin Ketteler
- Laboratory for Molecular Cell BiologyUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Bela Merkely
- Heart and Vascular CenterSemmelweis University68 Városmajor StreetBudapestH1122Hungary
| | - Ágota Apáti
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural SciencesEötvös Loránd Research NetworkBudapestHungary
| | - Sian E. Harding
- National Heart and Lung InstituteImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Nicola Hellen
- National Heart and Lung InstituteImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Gabor Foldes
- Heart and Vascular CenterSemmelweis University68 Városmajor StreetBudapestH1122Hungary
- National Heart and Lung InstituteImperial College LondonLondonUK
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3
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Majid QA, Orsolits B, Pohjolainen L, Kovács Z, Földes G, Talman V. Application of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Technology for Cardiovascular Regenerative Pharmacology. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2454:163-196. [PMID: 33755910 DOI: 10.1007/7651_2021_369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are one of the leading causes of mortality in the western world. Myocardial infarction is among the most prevalent and results in significant cell loss within the myocardium. Similarly, numerous drugs have been identified as having cardiotoxic side effects. The adult human heart is however unable to instigate an effective repair mechanism and regenerate the myocardium in response to such damage. This is in large part due to the withdrawal of cardiomyocytes (CMs) from the cell cycle. Thus, identifying, screening, and developing agents that could enhance the proliferative capacity of CMs holds great potential in cardiac regeneration. Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) and their cardiovascular derivatives are excellent tools in the search for such agents. This chapter outlines state-of-the art techniques for the two-dimensional differentiation and attainment of hiPSC-derived CMs and endothelial cells (ECs). Bioreactor systems and three-dimensional spheroids derived from hiPSC-cardiovascular derivatives are explored as platforms for drug discovery before focusing on relevant assays that can be employed to assess cell proliferation and viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qasim A Majid
- Drug Research Program and Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Barbara Orsolits
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Lotta Pohjolainen
- Drug Research Program and Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Zsófia Kovács
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Földes
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Virpi Talman
- Drug Research Program and Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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4
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Godó S, Barabás K, Lengyel F, Ernszt D, Kovács T, Kecskés M, Varga C, Jánosi TZ, Makkai G, Kovács G, Orsolits B, Fujiwara T, Kusumi A, Ábrahám IM. Single-Molecule Imaging Reveals Rapid Estradiol Action on the Surface Movement of AMPA Receptors in Live Neurons. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:708715. [PMID: 34631701 PMCID: PMC8495425 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.708715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Gonadal steroid 17β-estradiol (E2) exerts rapid, non-genomic effects on neurons and strictly regulates learning and memory through altering glutamatergic neurotransmission and synaptic plasticity. However, its non-genomic effects on AMPARs are not well understood. Here, we analyzed the rapid effect of E2 on AMPARs using single-molecule tracking and super-resolution imaging techniques. We found that E2 rapidly decreased the surface movement of AMPAR via membrane G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER1) in neurites in a dose-dependent manner. The cortical actin network played a pivotal role in the GPER1 mediated effects of E2 on the surface mobility of AMPAR. E2 also decreased the surface movement of AMPAR both in synaptic and extrasynaptic regions on neurites and increased the synaptic dwell time of AMPARs. Our results provide evidence for understanding E2 action on neuronal plasticity and glutamatergic neurotransmission at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soma Godó
- PTE-NAP Molecular Neuroendocrinology Research Group, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Center, Medical School, Institute of Physiology, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Klaudia Barabás
- PTE-NAP Molecular Neuroendocrinology Research Group, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Center, Medical School, Institute of Physiology, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Lengyel
- PTE-NAP Molecular Neuroendocrinology Research Group, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Center, Medical School, Institute of Physiology, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Dávid Ernszt
- PTE-NAP Molecular Neuroendocrinology Research Group, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Center, Medical School, Institute of Physiology, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Tamás Kovács
- PTE-NAP Molecular Neuroendocrinology Research Group, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Center, Medical School, Institute of Physiology, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Miklós Kecskés
- PTE-NAP Cortical Microcircuits Research Group, Institute of Physiology, Medical School, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Institute, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Csaba Varga
- PTE-NAP Cortical Microcircuits Research Group, Institute of Physiology, Medical School, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Institute, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Tibor Z Jánosi
- PTE-NAP Molecular Neuroendocrinology Research Group, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Center, Medical School, Institute of Physiology, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Géza Makkai
- PTE-NAP Molecular Neuroendocrinology Research Group, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Center, Medical School, Institute of Physiology, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Gergely Kovács
- PTE-NAP Molecular Neuroendocrinology Research Group, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Center, Medical School, Institute of Physiology, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Barbara Orsolits
- Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Takahiro Fujiwara
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akihiro Kusumi
- Membrane Cooperativity Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University (OIST), Onna, Japan
| | - István M Ábrahám
- PTE-NAP Molecular Neuroendocrinology Research Group, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Center, Medical School, Institute of Physiology, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
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5
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Orsolits B, Kovács Z, Kriston-Vizi J, Merkely B, Földes G. New Modalities of 3D Pluripotent Stem Cell-Based Assays in Cardiovascular Toxicity. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:603016. [PMID: 33854431 PMCID: PMC8039822 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.603016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The substantial progress of the human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) technologies over the last decade has provided us with new opportunities for cardiovascular drug discovery, regenerative medicine, and disease modeling. The combination of hiPSC with 3D culture techniques offers numerous advantages for generating and studying physiological and pathophysiological cardiac models. Cells grown in 3D can overcome many limitations of 2D cell cultures and animal models. Furthermore, it enables the investigation in an architecturally appropriate, complex cellular environment in vitro. Yet, generation and study of cardiac organoids-which may contain versatile cardiovascular cell types differentiated from hiPSC-remain a challenge. The large-scale and high-throughput applications require accurate and standardised models with highly automated processes in culturing, imaging and data collection. Besides the compound spatial structure of organoids, their biological processes also possess different temporal dynamics which require other methods and technologies to detect them. In this review, we summarise the possibilities and challenges of acquiring relevant information from 3D cardiovascular models. We focus on the opportunities during different time-scale processes in dynamic pharmacological experiments and discuss the putative steps toward one-size-fits-all assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Orsolits
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University Budapest, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsófia Kovács
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University Budapest, Budapest, Hungary
| | - János Kriston-Vizi
- Bioinformatics Image Core (BIONIC), MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Béla Merkely
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University Budapest, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Földes
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University Budapest, Budapest, Hungary
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial Centre for Experimental and Translational Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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6
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Varga DP, Menyhárt Á, Pósfai B, Császár E, Lénárt N, Cserép C, Orsolits B, Martinecz B, Szlepák T, Bari F, Farkas E, Dénes Á. Microglia alter the threshold of spreading depolarization and related potassium uptake in the mouse brain. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2020; 40:S67-S80. [PMID: 31987008 PMCID: PMC7687034 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x19900097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Selective elimination of microglia from the brain was shown to dysregulate neuronal Ca2+ signaling and to reduce the incidence of spreading depolarization (SD) during cerebral ischemia. However, the mechanisms through which microglia interfere with SD remained unexplored. Here, we identify microglia as essential modulators of the induction and evolution of SD in the physiologically intact brain in vivo. Confocal- and super-resolution microscopy revealed that a series of SDs induced rapid morphological changes in microglia, facilitated microglial process recruitment to neurons and increased the density of P2Y12 receptors (P2Y12R) on recruited microglial processes. In line with this, depolarization and hyperpolarization during SD were microglia- and P2Y12R-dependent. An absence of microglia was associated with altered potassium uptake after SD and increased the number of c-fos-positive neurons, independently of P2Y12R. Thus, the presence of microglia is likely to be essential to maintain the electrical elicitation threshold and to support the full evolution of SD, conceivably by interfering with the extracellular potassium homeostasis of the brain through sustaining [K+]e re-uptake mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dániel P Varga
- Department of Medical Physics and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ákos Menyhárt
- Department of Medical Physics and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Balázs Pósfai
- Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary.,Szentágothai János Doctoral School of Neuroscience, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Eszter Császár
- Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary.,Szentágothai János Doctoral School of Neuroscience, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Nikolett Lénárt
- Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Csaba Cserép
- Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Barbara Orsolits
- Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bernadett Martinecz
- Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Szlepák
- Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary.,Szentágothai János Doctoral School of Neuroscience, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Bari
- Department of Medical Physics and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Eszter Farkas
- Department of Medical Physics and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ádám Dénes
- Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
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7
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Cserép C, Pósfai B, Lénárt N, Fekete R, László ZI, Lele Z, Orsolits B, Molnár G, Heindl S, Schwarcz AD, Ujvári K, Környei Z, Tóth K, Szabadits E, Sperlágh B, Baranyi M, Csiba L, Hortobágyi T, Maglóczky Z, Martinecz B, Szabó G, Erdélyi F, Szipőcs R, Tamkun MM, Gesierich B, Duering M, Katona I, Liesz A, Tamás G, Dénes Á. Microglia monitor and protect neuronal function through specialized somatic purinergic junctions. Science 2019; 367:528-537. [PMID: 31831638 DOI: 10.1126/science.aax6752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 318] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Microglia are the main immune cells in the brain and have roles in brain homeostasis and neurological diseases. Mechanisms underlying microglia-neuron communication remain elusive. Here, we identified an interaction site between neuronal cell bodies and microglial processes in mouse and human brain. Somatic microglia-neuron junctions have a specialized nanoarchitecture optimized for purinergic signaling. Activity of neuronal mitochondria was linked with microglial junction formation, which was induced rapidly in response to neuronal activation and blocked by inhibition of P2Y12 receptors. Brain injury-induced changes at somatic junctions triggered P2Y12 receptor-dependent microglial neuroprotection, regulating neuronal calcium load and functional connectivity. Thus, microglial processes at these junctions could potentially monitor and protect neuronal functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Csaba Cserép
- Momentum Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Balázs Pósfai
- Momentum Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary.,Szentágothai János Doctoral School of Neuroscience, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Nikolett Lénárt
- Momentum Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Rebeka Fekete
- Momentum Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary.,Szentágothai János Doctoral School of Neuroscience, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsófia I László
- Szentágothai János Doctoral School of Neuroscience, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Momentum Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Lele
- Momentum Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Barbara Orsolits
- Momentum Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Molnár
- MTA-SZTE Research Group for Cortical Microcircuits of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Steffanie Heindl
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Anett D Schwarcz
- Momentum Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Katinka Ujvári
- Momentum Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Környei
- Momentum Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Krisztina Tóth
- Momentum Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary.,Szentágothai János Doctoral School of Neuroscience, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Eszter Szabadits
- Momentum Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Beáta Sperlágh
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mária Baranyi
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Csiba
- MTA-DE Cerebrovascular and Neurodegenerative Research Group, Department of Neurology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tibor Hortobágyi
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.,Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.,Centre for Age-Related Medicine, SESAM, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Zsófia Maglóczky
- Human Brain Research Laboratory, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bernadett Martinecz
- Momentum Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Szabó
- Medical Gene Technology Unit, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Erdélyi
- Medical Gene Technology Unit, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Róbert Szipőcs
- Institute for Solid State Physics and Optics of Wigner RCP, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Michael M Tamkun
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Benno Gesierich
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Marco Duering
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - István Katona
- Momentum Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Arthur Liesz
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Gábor Tamás
- MTA-SZTE Research Group for Cortical Microcircuits of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ádám Dénes
- Momentum Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary.
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8
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Szalay G, Martinecz B, Lénárt N, Környei Z, Orsolits B, Judák L, Császár E, Fekete R, West BL, Katona G, Rózsa B, Dénes Á. Microglia protect against brain injury and their selective elimination dysregulates neuronal network activity after stroke. Nat Commun 2016; 7:11499. [PMID: 27139776 PMCID: PMC4857403 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms11499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 402] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Microglia are the main immune cells of the brain and contribute to common brain diseases. However, it is unclear how microglia influence neuronal activity and survival in the injured brain in vivo. Here we develop a precisely controlled model of brain injury induced by cerebral ischaemia combined with fast in vivo two-photon calcium imaging and selective microglial manipulation. We show that selective elimination of microglia leads to a striking, 60% increase in infarct size, which is reversed by microglial repopulation. Microglia-mediated protection includes reduction of excitotoxic injury, since an absence of microglia leads to dysregulated neuronal calcium responses, calcium overload and increased neuronal death. Furthermore, the incidence of spreading depolarization (SD) is markedly reduced in the absence of microglia. Thus, microglia are involved in changes in neuronal network activity and SD after brain injury in vivo that could have important implications for common brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gergely Szalay
- Two-Photon Imaging Center, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szigony U. 43, Budapest 1083, Hungary
| | - Bernadett Martinecz
- Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szigony U. 43, Budapest 1083, Hungary
| | - Nikolett Lénárt
- Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szigony U. 43, Budapest 1083, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Környei
- Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szigony U. 43, Budapest 1083, Hungary
| | - Barbara Orsolits
- Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szigony U. 43, Budapest 1083, Hungary
| | - Linda Judák
- Two-Photon Imaging Center, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szigony U. 43, Budapest 1083, Hungary.,MTA-PPKE ITK-NAP B - Two-photon measurement Technology Research Group, Pázmány Péter University, Budapest 1083, Hungary
| | - Eszter Császár
- Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szigony U. 43, Budapest 1083, Hungary
| | - Rebeka Fekete
- Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szigony U. 43, Budapest 1083, Hungary
| | - Brian L West
- Plexxikon, Inc., Berkeley, California 94710, USA
| | - Gergely Katona
- MTA-PPKE ITK-NAP B - Two-photon measurement Technology Research Group, Pázmány Péter University, Budapest 1083, Hungary
| | - Balázs Rózsa
- Two-Photon Imaging Center, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szigony U. 43, Budapest 1083, Hungary.,MTA-PPKE ITK-NAP B - Two-photon measurement Technology Research Group, Pázmány Péter University, Budapest 1083, Hungary
| | - Ádám Dénes
- Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szigony U. 43, Budapest 1083, Hungary
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9
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Orsolits B, Borsy A, Madarász E, Mészáros Z, Kőhidi T, Markó K, Jelitai M, Welker E, Környei Z. Retinoid machinery in distinct neural stem cell populations with different retinoid responsiveness. Stem Cells Dev 2013; 22:2777-93. [PMID: 23734950 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2012.0422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinoic acid (RA) is present at sites of neurogenesis in both the embryonic and adult brain. While it is widely accepted that RA signaling is involved in the regulation of neural stem cell differentiation, little is known about vitamin A utilization and biosynthesis of active retinoids in the neurogenic niches, or about the details of retinoid metabolism in neural stem cells and differentiating progenies. Here we provide data on retinoid responsiveness and RA production of distinct neural stem cell/neural progenitor populations. In addition, we demonstrate differentiation-related changes in the expression of genes encoding proteins of the retinoid machinery, including components responsible for uptake (Stra6) and storage (Lrat) of vitamin A, transport of retinoids (Rbp4, CrbpI, CrabpI-II), synthesis (Rdh10, Raldh1-4), degradation of RA (Cyp26a1-c1) and RA signaling (Rarα,β,γ, Rxrα,β,γ). We show that both early embryonic neuroectodermal (NE-4C) stem cells and late embryonic or adult derived radial glia like progenitors (RGl cells) are capable to produce bioactive retinoids but respond differently to retinoid signals. However, while neuronal differentiation of RGl cells can not be induced by RA, neuron formation by NE-4C cells is initiated by both RA and RA-precursors (retinol or retinyl acetate). The data indicate that endogenous RA production, at least in some neural stem cell populations, may result in autocrine regulation of neuronal differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Orsolits
- 1 Institute of Experimental Medicine , Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
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10
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Veszelka S, Tóth AE, Walter FR, Datki Z, Mózes E, Fülöp L, Bozsó Z, Hellinger É, Vastag M, Orsolits B, Környei Z, Penke B, Deli MA. Docosahexaenoic Acid Reduces Amyloid-β Induced Toxicity in Cells of the Neurovascular Unit. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 36:487-501. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-120163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Szilvia Veszelka
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Andrea E. Tóth
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Fruzsina R. Walter
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Datki
- Department of Medical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Emese Mózes
- Department of Medical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Lívia Fülöp
- Department of Medical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Bozsó
- Department of Medical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Éva Hellinger
- Division of Pharmacology and Drug Safety Research, Gedeon Richter Plc., Budapest, Hungary
| | - Monika Vastag
- Division of Pharmacology and Drug Safety Research, Gedeon Richter Plc., Budapest, Hungary
| | - Barbara Orsolits
- Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Környei
- Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Botond Penke
- Department of Medical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Mária A. Deli
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
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11
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Környei Z, Gócza E, Rühl R, Orsolits B, Vörös E, Szabó B, Vágovits B, Madarász E. Astroglia‐derived retinoic acid is a key factor in glia‐induced neurogenesis. FASEB J 2007; 21:2496-509. [PMID: 17438145 DOI: 10.1096/fj.06-7756com] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Astroglial cells are essential components of the neurogenic niches within the central nervous system. Emerging evidence suggests that they are among the key regulators of postnatal neurogenesis. Although astrocytes have been demonstrated to possess the potential to instruct stem cells to adopt a neuronal fate, little is known about the nature of the glia-derived instructive signals. Here we propose that all-trans retinoic acid, one of the most powerful morphogenic molecules regulating neuronal cell fate commitment, may be one of the glia-derived factors directing astroglia-induced neurogenesis. According to data obtained from several complementary approaches, we show that cultured astrocytes express the key enzyme mRNAs of retinoic acid biosynthesis and actively produce all-trans retinoic acid. We show that blockage of retinoic acid signaling by the pan-RAR antagonist AGN193109 prevents glia-induced neuron formation by noncommitted stem cells. Therefore, we provide strong in vitro evidence for retinoic acid action in astroglia-induced neuronal differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Környei
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Neurobiology, H-1083 43 Szigony U., Budapest, Hungary.
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