1
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Senthinathan A, Tu K, Stephenson E, O'Neill B, Lipscombe L, Ji C, Butt DA, Apajee J, Train A, Crampton N. A comparison between different patient groups for diabetes management during phases of the COVID-19 pandemic: a retrospective cohort study in Ontario, Canada. BMC Prim Care 2024; 25:43. [PMID: 38280984 PMCID: PMC10821561 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-024-02272-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic and the large uptake in virtual care in primary care in Canada, the care of patients with type 2 diabetes has been greatly affected. This includes decreased in-person visits, laboratory testing and in-person assessments such as blood pressure (BP). No studies have investigated if these changes persisted with pandemic progression, and it is unclear if shifts impacted patient groups uniformly. The purpose of this paper was to examine changes in diabetes care pre, early, and later pandemic across different patient groups. METHODS A repeated cross-sectional design with an open cohort was used to investigate diabetes care in adults with type 2 diabetes for a 6-month interval from March 14 to September 13 over three consecutive years: 2019 (pre-pandemic period), 2020 (early pandemic period), and 2021 (later pandemic period). Data for this study were abstracted from the University of Toronto Practice-Based Research Network (UTOPIAN) Data Safe Haven, a primary care electronic medical records database in Ontario, Canada. Changes in diabetes care, which included primary care total visits, in-person visits, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) testing, and BP measurements were evaluated across the phases of the pandemic. Difference in diabetes care across patient groups, including age, sex, income quintile, prior HbA1c levels, and prior BP levels, were assessed. RESULTS A total of 39,401 adults with type 2 diabetes were included in the study. Compared to the 6-month pre-pandemic period, having any in-person visits decreased significantly early pandemic (OR = 0.079 (0.076-0.082)), with a partial recovery later pandemic (OR = 0.162 (95% CI: 0.157-0.169). Compared to the pre-pandemic period, there was a significant decrease early pandemic for total visits (OR = 0.486 (95% CI: 0.470-0.503)), HbA1c testing (OR = 0.401 (95% CI: 0.389-0.413)), and BP measurement (OR = 0.121 (95% CI: 0.116-0.125)), with partial recovery later pandemic. CONCLUSIONS All measures of diabetes care were substantially decreased early pandemic, with a partial recovery later pandemic across all patient groups. With the increase in virtual care due to the COVID-19 pandemic, diabetes care has been negatively impacted over 1-year after pandemic onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Senthinathan
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - K Tu
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- North York General Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Toronto Western Family Health Team, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - E Stephenson
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - B O'Neill
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, LiKa Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - L Lipscombe
- Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - C Ji
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - D A Butt
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Scarborough Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - J Apajee
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - A Train
- Department of Family Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - N Crampton
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Toronto Western Family Health Team, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
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2
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Briody H, Sheehan M, Hanley M, O'Neill B, Dunne R, Lee MJ, Morrin MM. Biochemically recurrent prostate cancer: rationalisation of the approach to imaging. Clin Radiol 2023; 78:518-524. [PMID: 37085338 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2023.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
AIM To assess the utility of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in addition to the additive benefit of the conventional imaging techniques, computed tomography (CT) and nuclear medicine (NM) bone scintigraphy, for investigation of biochemical recurrence (BCR) post-prostatectomy where access to prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron-emission tomography (PET)-CT is challenging. MATERIALS AND METHODS Relevant imaging over a 5-year period was reviewed. Ethical approval was granted by the internal review board. All patients with suspected BCR, defined as a PSA ≥0.2 ng/ml on two separate occasions, underwent a retrospective imaging review. This was performed on PACS archive search database in a single centre using search terms "PSA" and "prostatectomy" in the three imaging methods; MRI, CT, and NM bone scintigraphy. All PSMA PET CT performed were recorded. RESULTS One hundred and eighty-five patients were identified. Patients with an MRI pelvis that demonstrated distant metastases (i.e., pelvic bone metastases or lymph node involvement more cranial to the bifurcation of the common iliac arteries) were more likely to have a positive CT and/or NM bone scintigraphy. The Pearson correlation coefficient between the findings of M1 disease at MRI pelvis and the presence of distant metastases at CT thorax, abdomen, pelvis and NM bone scintigraphy was calculated at 0.81 (p<0.01) and 0.91 (p<0.01) respectively. CONCLUSION An imaging strategy based on risk stratification and technique-specific selection criteria leads to more appropriate use of resources, and in turn, increases the yield of conventional imaging methods. MRI prostate findings can be used to predict the additive value of CT/NM bone scintigraphy allowing a more streamlined approach to their use.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Briody
- Department of Medicine, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - M Sheehan
- Department of Radiology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - M Hanley
- Department of Radiology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - B O'Neill
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - R Dunne
- Department of Radiology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - M J Lee
- Department of Radiology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - M M Morrin
- Department of Radiology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
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3
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Dulai R, Hunt J, Veasey RA, Biyanwila C, O'Neill B, Patel N. Immediate implantable loop recorder implantation for detecting atrial fibrillation in cryptogenic stroke. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2023; 32:106988. [PMID: 36645969 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2023.106988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Atrial fibrillation (AF) is suspected as the main cause of stroke in the majority of patients presenting with cryptogenic stroke (CS). Implantable loop recorders (ILR's) are indicated for detecting AF in these patients. The short term (<1 month) and long-term AF detection rates in patients inserted with an ILR immediately after CS is reported. Secondly, we compare the safety of nurse led vs physician led ILR implantation in these patients. METHODS This is a retrospective review of all patients who underwent inpatient ILR implantation (Medtronic Linq) between May 2020 and May 2022 at East Sussex Healthcare NHS trust. All patients were remotely monitored via the FOCUSONTM monitoring and triage service. RESULTS A total of 186 subjects were included in the study and were followed up for a mean period of 363.0 +/- 222.6 days. The mean time between stroke and ILR was 7.0 +/- 5.5 days. The mean time between referral and ILR was 1.0 +/- 2.0 days. AF was detected in 25 (13.4%) patients. During the first 30 days of monitoring, AF was detected in 9 (4.8%) patients. The number of ILR implants performed by the specialist nurse was 107 (57.5%). There was no significant difference in the major complication rate (requiring device removal) between nurse and physician led implant (1 (0.95%) vs 0 (0%), p value = 0.389). CONCLUSION Inpatient ILR for cryptogenic stroke is feasible. The rate of AF detection in the first month post CS is 4.8% however, more AF was detected up to one year post implant, suggesting rationale for proceeding directly to ILR implant in these patients before discharge to not delay treatment. A nurse led service is also viable with no significant difference in the major complication rate compared to physician led implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajdip Dulai
- Cardiology Research Department, East Sussex Hospitals NHS Trust, Eastbourne District General Hospital, Kings Drive, Eastbourne BN21 2UD, UK.
| | - Jacqui Hunt
- Cardiology Research Department, East Sussex Hospitals NHS Trust, Eastbourne District General Hospital, Kings Drive, Eastbourne BN21 2UD, UK
| | - Rick A Veasey
- Cardiology Research Department, East Sussex Hospitals NHS Trust, Eastbourne District General Hospital, Kings Drive, Eastbourne BN21 2UD, UK
| | - Chemindra Biyanwila
- Department of Stroke Medicine, East Sussex Hospitals NHS Trust, Eastbourne District General Hospital, Kings Drive, Eastbourne BN21 2UD, UK
| | - Barbora O'Neill
- Department of Stroke Medicine, East Sussex Hospitals NHS Trust, Eastbourne District General Hospital, Kings Drive, Eastbourne BN21 2UD, UK
| | - Nikhil Patel
- Cardiology Research Department, East Sussex Hospitals NHS Trust, Eastbourne District General Hospital, Kings Drive, Eastbourne BN21 2UD, UK
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4
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Nugent K, O'Neill B, Brennan V, Lynch J, Higgins M, Dunne M, Skourou C. Quantification of organ motion in male and female patients undergoing long course radiotherapy for rectal cancer in the supine position. Adv Radiat Oncol 2022; 8:101109. [DOI: 10.1016/j.adro.2022.101109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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5
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Mahmood S, Gelovani D, Nona P, Lemor A, Basir M, Frisoli T, Lee J, Wang D, O'Neill B, Eng M, O'Neill W, Villablanca P. Use of left ventricular support devices during transcatheter aortic valve replacement and balloon aortic valvuloplasty: a single center experience. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.1622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) and balloon aortic valvuloplasty (BAV) are definitive and bridging therapies in patients with aortic stenosis. Data on utilization of mechanical circulatory support (MCS) in this population is scarce. This study sought to evaluate the clinical outcomes of the use of Impella (Abiomed, Danvers, MA) in patients undergoing TAVR or BAV at a tertiary-care center.
Methods
We reviewed all TAVRs and BAVs that required Impella from 2012 and 2020. Patient demographics, procedural outcomes, complications, and 30-day mortality were analyzed.
Results
A total of 1,965 TAVR and 715 BAV cases were performed in the study period. 30 TAVR and 94 BAV cases required an Impella. 65% of these cases were due to cardiogenic shock (CS) (100% of TAVR and 55% of BAV). 31% were performed in female patients. Transfemoral access was utilized in 98% of cases. Impella CP was used in 98% of cases, other types of MCS were used in 8.7% of cases. 32.2% of cases required MCS for more than 24 hours. In the TAVR population the indication for MCS was 46.6% profound hypotension post valve deployment requiring vasopressors, 16.6% cardiac arrest, 10% sustained ventricular arrhythmia, 10% cardiac tamponade [Office1] and 10% coronary occlusion. In the BAV group the indication was 44% high-risk PCI and 56% CS. The 30-day mortality in TAVR was 40% and 28% in BAV; from the BAV group in CS the mortality was 45%. VARC-2 vascular complications and bleeding complications were observed in 4.8% and 1.5%, respectively. 0.7% of the total cohort required conversion to open-heart surgery.
Conclusions
Impella support is required in a minority of TAVR or BAV cases. In those who require MCS with Impella for either BAV or TAVR, the total mortality remains high especially in those experiencing CS.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mahmood
- Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, United States of America
| | - D Gelovani
- Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, United States of America
| | - P Nona
- Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, United States of America
| | - A Lemor
- Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, United States of America
| | - M Basir
- Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, United States of America
| | - T Frisoli
- Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, United States of America
| | - J Lee
- Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, United States of America
| | - D Wang
- Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, United States of America
| | - B O'Neill
- Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, United States of America
| | - M Eng
- Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, United States of America
| | - W O'Neill
- Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, United States of America
| | - P Villablanca
- Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, United States of America
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6
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Pettit N, Doehring M, O'Neill B, Zaidi A. 81 Use of Adhesive Tape to Facilitate Optimal Mask Positioning and Use in the Emergency Department: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Ann Emerg Med 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2021.07.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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7
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Foley M, O'Neill I, O'Neill B, Humphreys H, Burns K, de Barra E, Fitzpatrick F. From bench to bedside - development of an integrated COVID-19 patient flow management system. J Hosp Infect 2020; 106:211-213. [PMID: 32590014 PMCID: PMC7834625 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2020.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Foley
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - I O'Neill
- Information and Communications Technologies Department, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - B O'Neill
- Information and Communications Technologies Department, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - H Humphreys
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Clinical Microbiology, The Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - K Burns
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Clinical Microbiology, The Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland; Health Protection Surveillance Centre, Dublin, Ireland
| | - E de Barra
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Department of International Health and Tropical Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - F Fitzpatrick
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Clinical Microbiology, The Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
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8
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Ahmed O, Bolger JC, O'Neill B, Robb WB. Use of esophageal stents to relieve dysphagia during neoadjuvant therapy prior to esophageal resection: a systematic review. Dis Esophagus 2020; 33:5673617. [PMID: 31828290 DOI: 10.1093/dote/doz090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Esophageal cancer stenting offers symptomatic relief for patients suffering from dysphagia. There are limited data to support their use to relieve dysphagia and improve nutrition during neoadjuvant therapy with some concern that they may negatively impact oncological outcomes. The aim of this systematic review was to quantify the impact of esophageal stents on outcomes prior to resection with curative intent. A literature search was performed using Embase, Medline, PubMed, PubMed Central, the Cochrane library for articles pertaining to esophageal stent use prior to or during neoadjuvant chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy in patients planned for curative esophagectomy. Data extracted included basic demographics, clinical, nutritional and oncologic outcomes. A total of 9 studies involving 465 patients were included. Esophageal stent use resulted in a significant improvement in mean dysphagia scores in the immediate post stent period but failed to demonstrate any positive changes in weight, body mass index (BMI) or albumin. Only 33% of stented patients ultimately progressed to potential curative surgical resection and stents were associated with reduced R0 resection rates and lower overall survival. This systematic review shows that, although esophageal stenting is associated with improvements in dysphagia during neoadjuvant therapy, their effect on improving patient nutritional status is less clear and they may be associated with poorer long-term oncological outcomes. Stents should be used with caution in patients who are being considered for potentially curative resection of esophageal malignancies and other strategies of nutritional supplementation should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Ahmed
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - J C Bolger
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland.,Department of Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - B O'Neill
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - W B Robb
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland.,Department of Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
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9
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McKeown C, O'Neill B, Addy C, Caskey S, Downey D. P206 Does adherence to DNase change following initiation of Orkambi for the treatment of cystic fibrosis? J Cyst Fibros 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(19)30500-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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10
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Firth DC, Salie K, O'Neill B, Hoffman LC. Monitoring of trace metal accumulation in two South African farmed mussel species, Mytilus galloprovincialis and Choromytilus meridionalis. Mar Pollut Bull 2019; 141:529-534. [PMID: 30955765 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Mussels pose health risks to consumers through accumulation of trace metals from the ocean. Saldanha Bay, South Africa, has heavy industry and international shipping, creating concerns over pollution levels for aquaculture facilities. Samples of C. meridionalis and M. galloprovincialis were collected from mussel rafts over two-years and analysed for trace metal content using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. Aluminium, Cr, Fe, Zn, Cd and Pb were higher in M. galloprovincialis, while C. meridionalis accumulated more Cu and Mn. Temporal fluctuations occurred for Fe and As concentrations in C. meridionalis, and Fe, As, Hg and Pb in M. galloprovincialis. Arsenic exceeded South African regulatory limits (3 mg/kg) once in each species (max = 3.4 mg/kg w.w.). Lead concentrations in M. galloprovincialis were within EU regulatory limits for bivalves (1.5 mg/kg) but exceeded SA regulatory limits for fish (0.5 mg/kg) four times. Overall, farmed mussels from Saldanha Bay were determined to be safe for human consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- D C Firth
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of AgriSciences, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7600, South Africa
| | - K Salie
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of AgriSciences, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7600, South Africa.
| | - B O'Neill
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of AgriSciences, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7600, South Africa
| | - L C Hoffman
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of AgriSciences, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7600, South Africa; Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, University of Queensland, Coopers Plains, QLD 4108, Australia.
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11
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Shin J, Suryapalam M, Shenoy K, O'Neill B, Bashir R, Lakhter V, O'Murchu B, Aggarwal V. Fractional Flow Reserve Guided Coronary Revascularization in Lung Transplant Recipients. J Heart Lung Transplant 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2019.01.814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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12
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Abstract
The study of transmitter interactions in reward and motor pathways in the brain, including the striatum, requires methodology to detect stimulus-driven neurotransmitter release events. Such methods exist for dopamine, and have contributed to the understanding of local and behavioral factors that regulate dopamine release. However, factors that regulate release of another key transmitter in these pathways, acetylcholine (ACh), are unresolved, in part because of limited temporal and spatial resolution of current detection methods. We have optimized a voltammetric method for detection of local stimulus-evoked ACh release using enzyme-coated carbon-fiber microelectrodes and fast-scan cyclic voltammetry. These electrodes are based on the detection of H2O2 generated by the actions of acetylcholine esterase and choline oxidase, and reliably respond to ACh in a concentration-dependent manner. Methods for enzyme coating were optimized for mechanical stability that allowed for their use in ex vivo brain slices. We report here the first quantitative assessment of extracellular ACh concentration after local electrical stimulation in dorsal striatum in slices from control mice. The selective detection of ACh under these conditions was confirmed by showing that the response detected in the control slices was absent in slices from mice bred to lack ACh synthesis in the forebrain. These electrodes represent a new tool to study ACh and ACh-dopamine interactions with micrometer spatial resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Asri
- New York University School of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA.
| | - B O'Neill
- New York University School of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA.
| | - J C Patel
- New York University School of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA.
| | - K A Siletti
- New York University School of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA.
| | - M E Rice
- New York University School of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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13
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Nugent K, O'Neill B, Lynch J, Higgins M, Brennan V, Dunne M, Skourou C. EP-1503: Rectal motion in patients receiving neoadjuvant radiotherapy for rectal cancer in supine position. Radiother Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(18)31812-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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14
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Nugent K, McDermott R, Higgins M, O'Neill B. EP-1257: A look at pre-operative MRI accuracy at predicting rectal cancer staging post chemoradiotherapy. Radiother Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(17)31692-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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15
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O'Neill B, McDonough SM, Wilson JJ, Bradbury I, Hayes K, Kirk A, Kent L, Cosgrove D, Bradley JM, Tully MA. Comparing accelerometer, pedometer and a questionnaire for measuring physical activity in bronchiectasis: a validity and feasibility study? Respir Res 2017; 18:16. [PMID: 28088206 PMCID: PMC5237513 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-016-0497-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There are challenges for researchers and clinicians to select the most appropriate physical activity tool, and a balance between precision and feasibility is needed. Currently it is unclear which physical activity tool should be used to assess physical activity in Bronchiectasis. The aim of this research is to compare assessment methods (pedometer and IPAQ) to our criterion method (ActiGraph) for the measurement of physical activity dimensions in Bronchiectasis (BE), and to assess their feasibility and acceptability. Methods Patients in this analysis were enrolled in a cross-sectional study. The ActiGraph and pedometer were worn for seven consecutive days and the IPAQ was completed for the same period. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 20 (IBM). Descriptive statistics were used; the percentage agreement between ActiGraph and the other measures were calculated using limits of agreement. Feedback about the feasibility of the activity monitors and the IPAQ was obtained. Results There were 55 (22 male) data sets available. For step count there was no significant difference between the ActiGraph and Pedometer, however, total physical activity time (mins) as recorded by the ActiGraph was significantly higher than the pedometer (mean ± SD, 232 (75) vs. 63 (32)). Levels of agreement between the two devices was very good for step count (97% agreement); and variation in the levels of agreement were within accepted limits of ±2 standard deviations from the mean value. IPAQ reported more bouted- moderate - vigorous physical activity (MVPA) [mean, SD; 167(170) vs 6(9) mins/day], and significantly less sedentary time than ActiGraph [mean, SD; 362(115) vs 634(76) vmins/day]. There were low levels of agreement between the two tools (57% sedentary behaviour; 0% MVPA10+), with IPAQ under-reporting sedentary behaviour and over-reporting MVPA10+ compared to ActiGraph. The monitors were found to be feasible and acceptable by participants and researchers; while the IPAQ was accepta ble to use, most patients required assistance to complete it. Conclusions Accurate measurement of physical activity is feasible in BE and will be valuable for future trials of therapeutic interventions. ActiGraph or pedometer could be used to measure simple daily step counts, but ActiGraph was superior as it measured intensity of physical activity and was a more precise measure of time spent walking. The IPAQ does not appear to represent an accurate measure of physical activity in this population. Trial registration Clinical Trials Registration Number NCT01569009: Physical Activity in Bronchiectasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- B O'Neill
- Centre for Health and Rehabilitation Technologies, Institute for Nursing and Health Research, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, UK
| | - S M McDonough
- Centre for Health and Rehabilitation Technologies, Institute for Nursing and Health Research, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, UK.,UKCRC Centre of Excellence for Public Health (Northern Ireland), Belfast, UK
| | - J J Wilson
- UKCRC Centre of Excellence for Public Health (Northern Ireland), Belfast, UK.,Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - I Bradbury
- Centre for Health and Rehabilitation Technologies, Institute for Nursing and Health Research, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, UK
| | - K Hayes
- Centre for Health and Rehabilitation Technologies, Institute for Nursing and Health Research, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, UK
| | - A Kirk
- School of Psychological Sciences and Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - L Kent
- Northern Ireland Clinical Research Network, Respiratory Health, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, UK
| | - D Cosgrove
- Northern Ireland Clinical Research Network, Respiratory Health, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, UK
| | - J M Bradley
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry & Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.
| | - M A Tully
- UKCRC Centre of Excellence for Public Health (Northern Ireland), Belfast, UK.,Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
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O'Neill B, Bradley JM, McKevitt AM, Heaney L, Riley M, McGovern V, MacMahon J. Prescribing practice for intermittent oxygen therapy: a GP survey. Chron Respir Dis 2016; 1:139-42. [PMID: 16281655 DOI: 10.1191/1479972304cd036oa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction:UK figures show that the prescription of home oxygen cylinders for intermittent use is substantial. Aim: To examine GP assessment criteria and prescribing practice for intermittent oxygen therapy in patients with a diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in Northern Ireland. Methods:A postal questionnaire was sent to all GPs (n = 534) in two health boards who had prescribed cylinder oxygen in a six month period prior to the study. The questionnaire was piloted to establish reliability and validity. Results:Completed questionnaires were returned by 52% (280/534) of GPs. GPs ‘most frequently’ used advice from hospital specialists [82% (230/280)] to determine the need for intermittent oxygen. Criteria such as breathlessness score on exercise (e.g., BORG), oximetry on exercise, local guidelines or national guidelines were used less frequently or never. Conclusions:Most patients are likely to have been prescribed intermittent oxygen without any objective assessment. Implementation of evidence-based guidelines and a formal oxygen assessment service, would rationalize the use of intermittent oxygen therapy and enable better targeting of this expensive resource.
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Affiliation(s)
- B O'Neill
- School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Ulster and Regional Respiratory Centre, Belfast City Hospital, Belfast, UK
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Smith C, O'Neill B, O'Sullivan L, Keaveney M, Mullaney L. OC-0559: The impact of rectal interventions on target motion and rectal variability in prostate radiotherapy. Radiother Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(16)31809-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Houlihan O, O'Sullivan S, Dunne M, Salib O, Gillham C, McVey G, Faul C, Cunningham M, Armstrong J, McNamara D, O'Neill B. EP-1289: Anal squamous cell carcinoma; a retrospective case series. Radiother Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(16)32539-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Kumar R, Laack N, Pollock B, Link M, O'Neill B, Parney I. LL-03 * STEREOTACTIC RADIOSURGERY FOR SALVAGE TREATMENT OF RECURRENT CNS LYMPHOMA. Neuro Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nou259.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Ma D, Sarkaria J, Peng S, Byron S, Craig D, Carpten J, Berens M, O'Neill B, Schroeder M, Tran N. GE-19 * GENOMICS GUIDED THERAPEUTIC APPROACH FOR THE TREATMENT OF GLIOBLASTOMA MULTIFORME (GBM) USING NEXT GENERATION SEQUENCING (NGS) TECHNOLOGIES. Neuro Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nou256.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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22
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Key J, Kim YS, Tatulli F, Palange AL, O'Neill B, Aryal S, Ramirez M, Liu X, Ferrari M, Munden R, Decuzzi P. Opportunities for NanoTheranosis in Lung Cancer and Pulmonary Metastasis. Clin Transl Imaging 2014; 2:427-437. [PMID: 25379506 DOI: 10.1007/s40336-014-0078-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Malignancies of the lungs, both primary and metastatic, are the leading cause of death worldwide. Over 1.5 million new cases of primary lung cancer are diagnosed annually worldwide with a dismal five-year survival rate of approximately 15%, which remains unchanged despite major efforts and medical advances. As expected, survival for patients with lung metastases is even worse at about 5%. Early detection and staging are fundamental in improving survival rates and selecting the most effective treatment strategies. Recently, nanoparticles have been developed for imaging and treating various cancers, including pulmonary malignancies. In this work, three different examples of nanoparticle configurations for cancer theranosis are presented, namely conventional spherical polymeric nanoparticles with a diameter of ~ 150 nm; and discoidal mesoporous silicon nanoconstructs and discoidal polymeric nanoconstructs with a diameter of ~ 1,000 nm and a height of 400 and 500 nm, respectively. The spherical nanoparticles accumulate in tumors by means of the well-known enhanced permeation and retention effect, whereas sub-micrometer discoidal nanoconstructs are rationally designed to adhere firmly to the tortuous tumor vasculature. All three nanoparticles are characterized for their in vivo performance in terms of magnetic resonance, positron-emission tomography (PET), and optical imaging. Preliminary data on the in vivo and ex vivo PET/CT imaging of breast cancer metastasis in the lungs using discoidal nanoconstructs is presented. In conclusion, opportunities for nanoparticle-based theranosis in primary lung cancer and pulmonary metastasis are presented and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Key
- Department of Translational Imaging, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Y-S Kim
- Department of Translational Imaging, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - F Tatulli
- PET Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - A L Palange
- Department of Translational Imaging, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - B O'Neill
- Department of Translational Imaging, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - S Aryal
- Department of Translational Imaging, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - M Ramirez
- Department of Translational Imaging, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - X Liu
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - M Ferrari
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - R Munden
- Department of Radiology, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - P Decuzzi
- Department of Translational Imaging, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA ; Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa, 16163, ITALY
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Jenkins RB, Decker P, Kosel M, Eckel-Passow J, Walsh KM, Smirnov IV, Caron A, Kollmeyer T, Rice T, Hansen HM, Molinaro AM, McCoy LS, Bracci PM, Cabriga BS, Marshall R, Pekmezci M, Zheng S, O'Neill B, Buckner J, Giannini C, Perry A, Tihan T, Berger MS, Chang SM, Prados M, Wiemels J, Wiencke J, Wrensch M, Lachance D. MUTATION-BASED MOLECULAR GLIOMA CLASSIFICATION: PREVALENCE AND ASSOCIATION WITH GERMLINE RISK SNPS. Neuro Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nou206.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Wrensch M, Walsh KM, Smirnov IV, Rice T, Hansen HM, Molinaro AM, McCoy LS, Bracci PM, Cabriga BS, Perry A, Marshall R, Pekmezci M, Zheng S, Wiemels JL, Tihan T, Berger MS, Chang SM, Prados MD, Wiencke JK, Decker P, Kosel M, Eckel-Passow J, Caron A, Kollmeyer T, O'Neill B, Giannini C, Buckner J, Lachance D, Jenkins R. SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS (SNPS) ASSOCIATED WITH GLIOMA SURVIVAL. Neuro Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nou206.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Charalampaki C, Eyth C, Morgan M, Charalampaki C, Eyth C, Morgan M, Charalampaki C, Eyth C, Morgan M, Ogiwara H, Kiyotani C, Terashima K, Morota N, Charalampaki C, Igressa A, Igressa A, Charalampaki C, Pettorini B, Pizer B, Kanwar A, Avula S, Mallucci C, Leroy HA, Baroncini M, Delestret I, Vinchon M, Kato T, Hankinson T, Dudley R, Poonia S, Torok M, Handler M, Liu A, Harter D, Karajanis M, Wisoff J, Weiner H, Toidze I, Tsikarishvili V, Lobjanidze N, Elizbarashvili I, Akiashvili N, Maisuradze T, Jaiswal A, Jaiswal S, Mehrotra A, Srivastava A, Sahu R, Behari S, Jaiswal S, Jaiswal A, Mehrotra A, Behari; S, Hankinson T, Curry D, Honeycutt J, O'Neill B, Handler M, George T, Gerber NU, Muller A, Bozinov O, Berger C, Grotzer MA, Kamaly-Asl I, Alston R, McCabe M, Birch J, Gattamaneni R, Estlin E, Coelho G, Kunsler F, Lessa L, Epelman S, Zanon N. NEUROSURGERY. Neuro Oncol 2014; 16:i105-i108. [PMCID: PMC4046293 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nou077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2024] Open
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of conducting two positive psychology interventions to improve mood and self-concept with survivors of traumatic brain injury (TBI), within a neuro-rehabilitation hospital. METHOD AND PROCEDURES Ten patients with brain injury were randomly allocated to an intervention and control group. The efficacy of the first intervention, 'three positive things in life' was measured via Seligman's Authentic Happiness Index (AHI), at base-line, directly following the intervention and at the end of the 12-week group programme. The second intervention, the 'Value in Action (VIA) signature strengths intervention' was measured by the Head Injury Semantic Differential Scale (HISDS) at baseline and at the end of the group. RESULTS Compared to baseline and control group scores, the AHI index showed an increase in the intervention group's happiness following the intervention and at the end of the 12-week programme, albeit the latter increase was non-significant. The HISDS showed non-significant improvement in self-concept and reduction in polarization of the self in the present, future and past in the second intervention. Anecdotal evidence revealed a clear improved mood following the interventions. CONCLUSION This study shows promising results for the effectiveness of Positive Psychology interventions and methods to improve feasibility when applying this treatment within a hospital setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- H E Andrewes
- Graham Anderson House, Brain Injury Rehabilitation Trust , Glasgow, Scotland , UK and
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O'Neill B, Gardani M, Findlay G, Whyte T, Cullen T. Challenging behaviour and sleep cycle disorder following brain injury: a preliminary response to agomelatine treatment. Brain Inj 2013; 28:378-81. [PMID: 24378071 DOI: 10.3109/02699052.2013.865264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep disturbances are common after acquired brain injury. Sedatives can exacerbate behavioural disorders. OBJECTIVES This study reports the case of a severely brain damaged man (TM) who developed a non-24 hour sleep cycle disorder that was effectively managed by the administration of a melatonin receptor agonist, agomelatine. METHOD TM suffered significant brain damage as a result of a large subarachnoid haemorrhage of his right anterior cerebral artery complicated by midline shift and subsequent infarction of his left middle cerebral artery. In addition to challenging behaviour and cognitive impairment, TM presented with a recurrent disturbed sleep-wake pattern that significantly worsened his quality-of-life. He was diagnosed as suffering of non-24 hour sleep-wake disorder. Challenge was recorded using the Overt Aggression Scale Modified for Neuro-Rehabilitation (OASMNR). RESULTS Typical hypnotics had no or ill effects. Agomelatine prescription (25 mg) led to significant OASMNR and sleep efficiency change with effects apparent at 1.5 years later. CONCLUSIONS Administration of the melatonin receptor (MT₁ and MT₂) agonist agomelatine each night resulted in an immediate and sustained improvement on sleep and on indices of challenging behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- B O'Neill
- Brain Injury Rehabilitation Trust , Glasgow , UK
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O'Neill B, Tilley MR, Gu HH. Cocaine produces conditioned place aversion in mice with a cocaine-insensitive dopamine transporter. Genes Brain Behav 2012; 12:34-8. [PMID: 23083326 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-183x.2012.00872.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2012] [Revised: 09/13/2012] [Accepted: 10/17/2012] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Cocaine is an inhibitor of the dopamine, norepinephrine and serotonin reuptake transporters. Because its administration would elevate signaling of all these three neurotransmitters, many studies have been aimed at attributing individual effects of cocaine to specific transmitter systems. Using mice with a cocaine-insensitive dopamine transporter (DAT-CI mice), we previously showed that cocaine-induced dopamine elevations were necessary for its rewarding and stimulating effects. In this study, we observe that DAT-CI mice exhibit cocaine-conditioned place aversion (CPA), and that its expression depends on their genetic background. Specifically, DAT-CI mice backcrossed to the C57Bl/6J strain background did not display a preference or an aversion to cocaine, whereas DAT-CI mice that were on a mixed 129S1/SvImJ × C57Bl/6J (129B6) background had a robust CPA to cocaine. These results indicate that while inhibition of the DAT is necessary for cocaine reward, other cocaine targets and neurotransmitter systems may mediate the aversive properties of cocaine. Furthermore, the aversive effect of cocaine can be observed in the absence of a DAT-mediated rewarding effect, and it is affected by genomic differences between these two mouse strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- B O'Neill
- Department of Pharmacology; Neuroscience Graduate Studies Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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McParland S, Banos G, McCarthy B, Lewis E, Coffey MP, O'Neill B, O'Donovan M, Wall E, Berry DP. Validation of mid-infrared spectrometry in milk for predicting body energy status in Holstein-Friesian cows. J Dairy Sci 2012; 95:7225-35. [PMID: 23040020 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2012-5406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2012] [Accepted: 08/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Cow energy balance is known to be associated with cow health and fertility; therefore, routine access to data on energy balance can be useful in both management and breeding decisions to improve cow performance. The objective of this study was to determine if individual cow milk mid-infrared spectra (MIR) could be useful to predict cow energy balance across contrasting production systems. Direct energy balance was calculated as the differential between energy intake and energy output in milk and maintenance (maintenance was predicted using body weight). Body energy content was calculated from (change in) body weight and body condition score. Following editing, 2,992 morning, 2,742 midday, and 2,989 evening milk MIR records from 564 lactations on 337 Scottish cows, managed in a confinement system on 1 of 2 diets, were available. An additional 844 morning and 820 evening milk spectral records from 338 lactations on 244 Irish cows offered a predominantly grazed grass diet were also available. Equations were developed to predict body energy status using the milk spectral data and milk yield as predictor variables. Several different approaches were used to test the robustness of the equations calibrated in one data set and validated in another. The analyses clearly showed that the variation in the validation data set must be represented in the calibration data set. The accuracy (i.e., square root of the coefficient of multiple determinations) of predicting, from MIR, direct energy balance, body energy content, and energy intake was 0.47 to 0.69, 0.51 to 0.56, and 0.76 to 0.80, respectively. This highlights the ability of milk MIR to predict body energy balance, energy content, and energy intake with reasonable accuracy. Very high accuracy, however, was not expected, given the likely random errors in the calculation of these energy status traits using field data.
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Affiliation(s)
- S McParland
- Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Teagasc, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland.
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Park CK, Kim YH, Kim JW, Kim TM, Choi SH, Kim YJ, Choi BS, Lee SH, Kim CY, Kim IH, Lee DZ, Kheder A, Forbes M, Craven I, Hadjivassiliou M, Shonka NA, Kessinger A, Aizenberg MR, Weller M, Meisner C, Platten M, Simon M, Nikkhah G, Papsdorf K, Sabel M, Braun C, Reifenberger G, Wick W, Alexandru D, Haghighi B, Muhonen MG, Chamberlain MC, Sumrall AL, Burri S, Brick W, Asher A, Murillo-Medina K, Guerrero-Maldonado A, Ramiro AJ, Cervantes-Sanchez G, Erazo-Valle-Solis AA, Garcia-Navarro V, Sperduto PW, Shanley R, Luo X, Kased N, Sneed PK, Roberge D, Chao S, Weil R, Suh J, Bhatt A, Jensen A, Brown PD, Shih H, Kirkpatrick J, Gaspar LE, Fiveash J, Chiang V, Knisely J, Sperduto CM, Lin N, Mehta MP, Anderson MD, Raghunathan A, Aldape KD, Fuller GN, Gilbert MR, Robins HI, Wang M, Gilbert MR, Chakravarti A, Grimm S, Penas-Prado M, Chaudhary R, Anderson PJ, Elinzano H, Gilbert RA, Mehta M, Aoki T, Ueba T, Arakawa Y, Miyatake SI, Tsukahara T, Miyamoto S, Nozaki K, Taki W, Matsutani M, Shakur SF, Bit-Ivan E, Watkin WG, Farhat HI, Merrell RT, Zwinkels H, Dorr J, Kloet A, Taphoorn MJ, Vecht CJ, Bogdahn U, Stockhammer G, Mahapatra A, Hau P, Schuknecht B, van den Bent M, Heinrichs H, Yust-Katz S, Liu V, Sanghee K, Groves M, Puduvalli V, Levin V, Conrad C, Colman H, Hsu S, Yung AW, Gilbert MR, Kunz M, Armbruster L, Thon N, Jansen N, Lutz J, Herms J, Egensperger R, Eigenbrod S, Kretzschmar H, La CF, Tonn JC, Kreth FW, Brandes AA, Franceschi E, Agati R, Poggi R, Dall'Occa P, Bartolotti M, Di Battista M, Marucci G, Girardi F, Ermani M, Sherman W, Raizer J, Grimm S, Ruckser R, Tatzreiter G, Pfisterer W, Oberhauser G, Honigschnabel S, Aboul-Enein F, Ausch C, Kitzweger E, Hruby W, Sebesta C, Green RM, Woyshner EA, Suchorska B, Jansen NL, Janssen H, Kretzschmar H, Simon M, Hentschel B, Poepperl G, Kreth FW, Linn J, LaFougere C, Weller M, Tonn JC, Suchorska B, Jansen NL, Graute V, Eigenbrod S, Bartenstein P, Kreth FW, LaFougere C, Tonn JC, Hassanzadeh B, Tohidi V, Levacic D, Landolfi JC, Singer S, DeBraganca K, Omuro A, Grommes C, Omar AI, Jalan P, Pandav V, Bekker S, Fuente MIDL, Kaley T, Zhao S, Chen X, Soffietti R, Magistrello M, Bertero L, Bosa C, Crasto SG, Garbossa D, Lolli I, Trevisan E, Ruda R, Ruda R, Bertero L, Bosa C, Trevisan E, Pace A, Carapella C, Dealis C, Caroli M, Faedi M, Bomprezzi C, Thomas AA, Dalmau J, Gresa-Arribas N, Fadul CE, Kumthekar PU, Raizer J, Grimm S, Herrada J, Antony N, Richards M, Gupta A, Landeros M, Arango C, Campos-Gines AF, Friedman P, Wilson H, Streeter JC, Cohen A, Gilreath J, Sageser D, Ye X, Bell SD, McGregor J, Bourekas E, Cavaliere R, Newton H, Sul J, Odia Y, Zhang W, Shih J, Butman JA, Hammoud D, Kreisl TN, Iwamoto F, Fine HA, Berriel LG, Santos FN, Levy AC, Fanelli MF, Chinen LT, da Costa AA, Bourekas E, Wayne Slone H, Bell SD, McGregor J, Bokstein F, Blumenthal DT, Shpigel S, Phishniak L, Yust-Katz S, Garciarena P, Liue D, Yuan Y, Groves MD, Wong ET, Villano JL, Engelhard HH, Ram Z, Sahebjam S, Millar BA, Sahgal A, Laperriere N, Mason W, Levin VA, Hess KR, Choucair AK, Flynn PJ, Jaeckle KA, Kyritsis AP, Yung WKA, Prados MD, Bruner JM, Ictech S, Nghiemphu PL, Lai A, Green RM, Cloughesy TF, Zaky W, Gilles F, Grimm J, Bluml S, Dhall G, Rosser T, Randolph L, Wong K, Olch A, Krieger M, Finlay J, Capellades J, Verger E, Medrano S, Gonzalez S, Gil M, Reynes G, Ribalta T, Gallego O, Segura PP, Balana C, Gwak HS, Joo J, Kim S, Yoo H, Shin SH, Han JY, Kim HT, Yun T, Lee JS, Lee SH, Kim W, Vogelbaum MA, Wang M, Peereboom DM, Macdonald DR, Giannini C, Suh JH, Jenkins RB, Laack NN, Brackman DG, Shrieve DC, Souhami L, Mehta MP, Leibetseder A, Wohrer A, Ackerl M, Flechl B, Sax C, Spiegl-Kreinecker S, Pichler J, Widhalm G, Dieckmann K, Preusser M, Marosi C, Sebastian C, Alejandro M, Bernadette C, Naomi A, Kavan P, Sahebjam S, Garoufalis E, Guiot MC, Muanza T, Del Maestro R, Petrecca K, Sharma R, Curry R, Joyce J, Rosenblum M, Jaffe E, Matasar M, Lin O, Fisher R, Omuro A, Yin C, Iwamoto FM, Fraum TJ, Nayak L, Diamond EL, DeAngelis LM, Pentsova E, Vera-Bolanos E, Gilbert MR, Aldape K, Necesito-Reyes MJ, Fouladi M, Gajjar A, Goldman S, Metellus P, Mikkelsen T, Omuro A, Packer R, Partap S, Pollack IF, Prados M, Ian Robins H, Soffietti R, Wu J, Armstrong TS, Nakada M, Hayashi Y, Miyashita K, Kinoshita M, Furuta T, Sabit H, Kita D, Hayashi Y, Uchiyam N, Kawakami K, Minamoto T, Hamada JI, Diamond EL, Rosenblum M, Heaney M, Carrasquillo J, Krauthammer A, Nolan C, Kaley TJ, Gil MJ, Fuster J, Balana C, Benavides M, Mesia C, Etxaniz O, Canellas J, Perez-Martin X, Hunter K, Johnston SK, Bridge CA, Rockne RC, Guyman L, Baldock AL, Rockhill JK, Mrugala MM, Beard BC, Adair JE, Kiem HP, Swanson KR, Ranjan T, Desjardins A, Peters KB, Alderson L, Kirkpatrick J, Herndon J, Bailey L, Sampson J, Friedman AH, Friedman H, Vredenburgh JJ, Theeler BJ, Ellezam B, Melguizo-Gavilanes I, Shonka NA, Bruner JM, Puduvalli VK, Taylor JW, Flanagan E, O'Neill B, Seigal T, Omuro A, DeAngelis L, Baerhing J, Hoang-Xuan K, Chamberlain M, Batchelor T, Nishikawa R, Pinto F, Blay JY, Korfel A, Schiff D, Fu BD, Kong XT, Bota D, Omuro A, Beal K, Ivy P, Gutin P, Wu N, Kaley T, Karimi S, DeAngelis L, Pentsova H, Nolan C, Grommes C, Chan T, Mathew R, Droms L, Shimizu F, Tabar V, Grossman S, Yovino S, Campian J, Wild A, Herman J, Brock M, Balmanoukian A, Ye X, Portnow J, Badie B, Synold T, Lacey S, D'Apuzzo M, Frankel P, Chen M, Aboody K, Letarte N, Gabay MP, Bressler LR, Stachnik JM, Villano JL, Jaeckle KA, Anderson SK, Willson A, Moreno-Aspitia A, Colon-Otero G, Patel T, Perez E, Peters KB, Reardon DA, Vredenburgh JJ, Desjardins A, Herndon JE, Coan A, McSherry F, Lipp E, Brickhouse A, Massey W, Friedman HS, Alderson LM, Desjardins A, Ranjan T, Peters KB, Friedman HS, Vredenburgh JJ, Ranjan T, Desjardins A, Peters KB, Alderson L, Kirkpatrick J, Herndon J, Bailey L, Sampson J, Friedman AH, Friedman H, Vredenburgh J, Welch MR, Omuro A, Grommes C, Westphal M, Bach F, Reuter D, Ronellenfitsch M, Steinbach J, Pietsch T, Connelly J, Hamza MA, Puduvalli V, Neal ML, Trister AD, Ahn S, Bridge C, Lange J, Baldock A, Rockne R, Mrugala M, Rockhill JK, Lai A, Cloughesy T, Swanson KR, Neuwelt AJ, Nguyen TM, Tyson RM, Nasseri M, Neuwelt EA, Bubalo JS, Barnes PD, Phuphanich S, Hu J, Rudnick J, Chu R, Yu J, Naruse R, Ljubimova J, Sanchez C, Guevarra A, Naor R, Black K, Mahta A, Bhavsar TM, Herath K, Huang C, McClain J, Rizzo K, Sheehan J, Chamberlain M, Glantz M, McClain J, Glantz MJ, Zoccoli C, Nicholas MK, Xie T, White D, Liker S, Gajewski T, Selfridge J, Piccioni DE, Zurayk M, Mody R, Quan J, Li S, Chen W, Chou A, Liau L, Green R, Cloughesy T, Lai A, Gomez-Molinar V, Ruiz-Gonzalez S, Valdez-Vazquez R, Arrieta O, Stenner JI. CLIN-NEURO/MEDICAL ONCOLOGY. Neuro Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nos229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Heneghan C, Thompson M, Perera-Salazar R, Gill P, O'Neill B, Nunan D, Howick J, Lasserson D, Mahtani K. Authors' reply to Betts, Stokes, and Kleiner. Assoc Med J 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.e5431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Wilson MT, Robinson PA, O'Neill B, Steyn-Ross DA. Complementarity of spike- and rate-based dynamics of neural systems. PLoS Comput Biol 2012; 8:e1002560. [PMID: 22737064 PMCID: PMC3380910 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2012] [Accepted: 05/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Relationships between spiking-neuron and rate-based approaches to the dynamics of neural assemblies are explored by analyzing a model system that can be treated by both methods, with the rate-based method further averaged over multiple neurons to give a neural-field approach. The system consists of a chain of neurons, each with simple spiking dynamics that has a known rate-based equivalent. The neurons are linked by propagating activity that is described in terms of a spatial interaction strength with temporal delays that reflect distances between neurons; feedback via a separate delay loop is also included because such loops also exist in real brains. These interactions are described using a spatiotemporal coupling function that can carry either spikes or rates to provide coupling between neurons. Numerical simulation of corresponding spike- and rate-based methods with these compatible couplings then allows direct comparison between the dynamics arising from these approaches. The rate-based dynamics can reproduce two different forms of oscillation that are present in the spike-based model: spiking rates of individual neurons and network-induced modulations of spiking rate that occur if network interactions are sufficiently strong. Depending on conditions either mode of oscillation can dominate the spike-based dynamics and in some situations, particularly when the ratio of the frequencies of these two modes is integer or half-integer, the two can both be present and interact with each other.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Wilson
- School of Engineering, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand.
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Rock K, McArdle O, Forde P, Dunne M, Fitzpatrick D, O'Neill B, Faul C. A clinical review of treatment outcomes in glioblastoma multiforme--the validation in a non-trial population of the results of a randomised Phase III clinical trial: has a more radical approach improved survival? Br J Radiol 2012; 85:e729-33. [PMID: 22215883 DOI: 10.1259/bjr/83796755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) accounts for up to 60% of all malignant primary brain tumours in adults, occurring in 2-3 cases per 100,000 in Europe and North America. In 2005, a Phase III clinical trial demonstrated a significant improvement in survival over 2, and subsequently 5, years with the addition of concurrent and adjuvant temozolomide (TMZ) to radical radiotherapy (RT). The aim of this study was to investigate if the demonstrated improved survival in the literature translated to clinical practice. METHODS This was a retrospective study including all patients with histologically proven GBM diagnosed from 1999 to 2008 and treated with adjuvant RT at our institution. A total of 273 patients were identified. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS® v.18 (SPSS, Chicago, IL). RESULTS The median survival for the whole group (n=273) over the 10-year period was 7.6 months (95% confidence interval 6.7-8.4 months). Overall, the cumulative probability of survival at 1 and 2 years was 31.5% and 9.4%, respectively. In total, 146 patients received radical RT. 103 patients were treated with radical RT and TMZ and 43 patients received radical RT alone. The median survival for patients receiving radical RT with TMZ was 13.4 months (95% CI 10.9-15.8 months) vs 8.8 months for radical RT alone (95% CI 6.9-10.7 months, p=0.006). 2-year survival figures were 21.2% vs 4.7%, respectively. On multivariate analysis, independent predictors of survival included Karnofsky Performance Status, RT dose, TMZ and extent of surgery. The strongest predictors of poorer outcome based on the hazard ratio were palliative RT, followed by not receiving TMZ chemotherapy, then KPS <90 and a biopsy only surgical approach. CONCLUSION This paper demonstrates improved survival outcomes consistent with those published in the literature for the addition of concurrent and adjuvant TMZ to radical RT for the treatment of GBM. Although 63% of patients seen in the clinic were suitable for a combined modality approach, the prognosis for the lower Radiation Therapy Oncology Group classes still remains poor.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Rock
- St. Luke's Radiation Oncology Network, Dublin, Ireland.
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Bradley JM, Treacy K, O'Neill B, McCourt F, Green L, Gardner E, Elborn JS. S106 A randomised double blind 13 week crossover trial of hypertonic saline (HTS) (6%) vs isotonic saline (ITS) (0.9%) in patients with bronchiectasis. Thorax 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2011-201054b.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Earley D, MacMahon J, Bourbeau J, Bradley JM, O'Neill B. P148 The adaptation and evaluation of the living well with COPD programme for pulmonary rehabilitation. Thorax 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2011-201054c.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Kent L, O'Neill B, Treacy K, Carson L, Elborn J, Bradley J. 266 Effect of IV antibiotics on ventilation and heart rate during sleep measured by respiratory inductive plethysmography. J Cyst Fibros 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(11)60280-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Moser H, Moser A, Frayer K, Chen W, Schulman J, O'Neill B, Kishimoto Y. Adrenoleukodystrophy: Increased plasma content of saturated very long-chain fatty-acids. Neurology 2011. [DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000398012.88123.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Riebe B, Karas CS, Bagan B, Baig MN, Hallock A, Hamilton B, Ang CL, Tay K, Megyesi J, Fisher B, Watling C, MacDonald D, Bauman G, Momin E, Adams H, Quinones-Hinojosa A, Ruda R, Bertero L, Picco E, Trevian E, Tarenzi L, Donadio M, Airoldi M, Bertetto O, Mocellini C, Soffietti R, McCarthy BJ, Dolecek TA, Johnson DR, Olson JE, Vierkant RA, Hammack JE, Wang AH, Folsom AR, Virnig BA, Cerhan JR, Scheurer ME, Etzel CJ, Wefel JS, Liu Y, Liang FW, El-Zein R, Meyers CA, Bondy ML, Davis F, Dolecek TA, McCarthy BJ, Hottinger AF, Perez L, Usel M, Neyroud-Caspar I, Bouchardy C, Dietrich PY, Jho DJ, Eltantawy MH, Sekula R, Aziz K, Lee SY, Slagle-Webb B, Sheehan JM, Connor JR, Elena P, Andrew L, Anne R, Katherine P, Lisa D, Lai RK, Ferris J, Florendo E, McCoy L, Rice T, Ottman R, Neugut AI, Wiencke J, Wiemels J, Wrensch M, Yovino S, Hadley C, Kwok Y, Eisenberg H, Regine WF, Feigenberg S, Megyesi JF, Haji F, Patel Y, Ang LC, Lachance DH, Wrensch M, Il'yasova D, Decker P, Johnson D, Xiao Y, Rynearson A, Fink S, Kosel M, Yang P, Fridley B, Wiemels J, Wiencke J, Ali-Osman F, Davis F, Kollmeyer T, Buckner J, O'Neill B, Jenkins R. Epidemiology. Neuro Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noq116.s3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Kent L, O'Neill B, Murray J, Reid A, Davison G, Nevill A, Elborn J, Bradley J. Reliability of cycle ergometer tests and the LifeShirt in children with CF. J Cyst Fibros 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(10)60260-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Donaghey CL, McMillan TM, O'Neill B. Errorless learning is superior to trial and error when learning a practical skill in rehabilitation: a randomized controlled trial. Clin Rehabil 2010; 24:195-201. [PMID: 20156980 DOI: 10.1177/0269215509353270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Errorless learning is an effective strategy for the cognitive rehabilitation of memory impairment, but there is little evidence to support its use for skill learning. This preliminary study investigates whether errorless learning is superior to treatment as usual (trial and error), when teaching people with amputations and comorbid risk of vascular cognitive impairment to fit a prosthetic limb. DESIGN A randomized control design. SETTING A regional limb-fitting clinic at the West of Scotland Mobility and Rehabilitation Centre in Glasgow. PARTICIPANTS Thirty adults with transtibial amputations, recruited from a regional limb-fitting clinic. Of these 42% were cognitively impaired. INTERVENTION Random assignment to an errorless learning intervention (n = 15) or a treatment as usual control (n = 15). There were five training trials within a single session. Participants were then asked to fit their limb without assistance. MAIN MEASURES Performance was scored from videotape recording of the first occasion when the participant attempted to fit their limb without assistance. Addenbrookes Cognitive Examination-Revised (ACE-R) was used to assess general cognitive functioning. RESULTS The errorless learning group remembered more correct steps (mean 90.9, SD 12.1) than the control group (77.9; 8.4; P<0.001) and made fewer errors (mean 0.93, SD 1.3) than controls (2.1; 0.95); P =0.002). CONCLUSIONS Errorless learning can benefit people with amputations in learning the practical skill of fitting a prosthetic limb. Further study that includes follow-up is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L Donaghey
- Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Gartnavel Royal Hospital, 1055 Great Western Road, Glasgow, UK
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Abstract
Three groups of six porcine deep flexor tendons were repaired with a locking loop modified Kessler core suture using 4-0 braided polyester. Silfverskiöld repairs were performed using 6-0 monofilament nylon taking bites 2, 4 and 6 mm from the cut end of the tendon. The repairs were tested to failure and record made of bulking, mode of failure, force to produce a 3 mm gap and the ultimate strength. Data were analysed using one-way ANOVA, with analysis of mode of failure using the Chi-squared test. The 4 mm repairs were significantly stronger than the 2 mm for all parameters but there was no difference between the 4 mm and 6 mm repairs. We feel that optimal repair strength is provided using bites 4 mm from the cut tendon ends. Taking bites further from the cut end has no significant benefits and carries the theoretical risk of increasing the work of flexion.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Hirpara
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, Galway Regional Hospitals, Galway, Ireland.
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Chong I, Hawkins M, O'Neill B, Thomas K, McNair H, Hansen V, Aitken A, Tait D. QUANTIFICATION OF ORGAN MOTION DURING CHEMO-RADIATION OF RECTAL CANCER USING CONE BEAM CT (MEASURE STUDY). Radiother Oncol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(12)73068-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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O'Neill B, Grossman J, Tsai MT, Gomes JE, Lehmann J, Peterson J, Neves E, Thies JE. Bacterial community composition in Brazilian Anthrosols and adjacent soils characterized using culturing and molecular identification. Microb Ecol 2009; 58:23-35. [PMID: 19381712 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-009-9515-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2008] [Accepted: 03/18/2009] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Microbial community composition was examined in two soil types, Anthrosols and adjacent soils, sampled from three locations in the Brazilian Amazon. The Anthrosols, also known as Amazonian dark earths, are highly fertile soils that are a legacy of pre-Columbian settlement. Both Anthrosols and adjacent soils are derived from the same parent material and subject to the same environmental conditions, including rainfall and temperature; however, the Anthrosols contain high levels of charcoal-like black carbon from which they derive their dark color. The Anthrosols typically have higher cation exchange capacity, higher pH, and higher phosphorus and calcium contents. We used culture media prepared from soil extracts to isolate bacteria unique to the two soil types and then sequenced their 16S rRNA genes to determine their phylogenetic placement. Higher numbers of culturable bacteria, by over two orders of magnitude at the deepest sampling depths, were counted in the Anthrosols. Sequences of bacteria isolated on soil extract media yielded five possible new bacterial families. Also, a higher number of families in the bacteria were represented by isolates from the deeper soil depths in the Anthrosols. Higher bacterial populations and a greater diversity of isolates were found in all of the Anthrosols, to a depth of up to 1 m, compared to adjacent soils located within 50-500 m of their associated Anthrosols. Compared to standard culture media, soil extract media revealed diverse soil microbial populations adapted to the unique biochemistry and physiological ecology of these Anthrosols.
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Affiliation(s)
- B O'Neill
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Cornell University, 235 Emerson Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
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Koh DM, Dzik-Jurasz A, O'Neill B, Tait D, Husband JE, Brown G. Pelvic phased-array MR imaging of anal carcinoma before and after chemoradiation. Br J Radiol 2008; 81:91-8. [PMID: 18238920 DOI: 10.1259/bjr/96187638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the MR findings of anal carcinoma using an external pelvic phased-array coil before and after chemoradiation treatment. 15 patients with carcinoma of the anal canal underwent T(2) weighted and short-tau inversion recovery (STIR) imaging before and after chemoradiation. Images were reviewed in consensus by two radiologists. At pre-treatment imaging, the tumour size and stage, signal intensity and infiltration of adjacent structures were recorded. MR imaging was repeated immediately after chemoradiation, every 6 months for the first year and then yearly. Tumour response was assessed by recording change in tumour size and signal intensity. Prior to treatment, the mean tumour size was 3.9 cm (range, 1.8-6.4 cm). Tumours appeared mildly hyperintense at T(2) weighted and STIR imaging. There was good agreement in T staging between clinical examination and MR imaging (kappa = 0.68). In 12 responders with long disease remission, a greater percentage reduction in the size of MR signal abnormality in the tumour area was observed at 6 months (mean 54.7%; 46-62%) than immediately after treatment (mean 38.6%; 30-46%) (p = 0.002, t-test). 7/12 showed stabilization of T(2) signal reduction in the tumour area after 1 year, and 5/12 showed complete resolution of signal alterations at 2 years. Pelvic phased-array MR imaging is useful for local staging of anal carcinoma and assessing treatment response. After treatment, a decrease in tumour size accompanied by reduction and stability of the MR T(2) signal characteristics at 1 year after chemoradiation treatment was associated with favourable outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Koh
- Academic Department of Radiology, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, UK.
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O'Neill B, Chaldecott R, Brown G, Sharma R, Norman A, Scurr E, South C, Riches S, Hansen V, Tait D. 3073 POSTER Optimisation of radiotherapy planning for rectal cancer: a comparison of supine CT and MRI defined target and normal tissue dose volume data. EJC Suppl 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(07)71001-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Abstract
Self-management programmes for chronic disease are a high priority for healthcare providers. The content and method of delivery of self-management should give consideration to the specific requirements of the disease population. The aims of the present study were to assess the physical and psychosocial impact of bronchiectasis, to determine whether patients with bronchiectasis are receptive to self-management and to identify any obstacles or sources of support for a disease-specific self-management programme. A total of 32 patients with a diagnosis of bronchiectasis attended four focus groups. Each focus group was videotaped and subjected to qualitative analysis using the grounded theory approach. Bronchiectasis had an impact on patients' physical and psychosocial well-being. Patients demonstrated the potential to self-manage with strategies including self-regulation of medication and airway clearance. Perceived obstacles to self-management included lack of information and confidence. Patients suggested that self-management could be promoted through disease-specific information and appropriate healthcare procedures. In summary, patients with bronchiectasis have their lives disrupted by this chronic condition, but are receptive to self-management. The present study has provided information from the patients' perspective of elements which need to be included in a successful disease-specific self-management programme.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Lavery
- Dept of Respiratory Medicine, Belfast City Hospital, UK
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Babovic-Vuksanovic D, Ballman K, Michels V, McGrann P, Lindor N, King B, Camp J, Micic V, Babovic N, Carrero X, Spinner R, O'Neill B. Phase II trial of pirfenidone in adults with neurofibromatosis type 1. Neurology 2006; 67:1860-2. [PMID: 17035676 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000243231.12248.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We performed an open-label phase II trial of oral pirfenidone in 24 patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). Tumors were monitored by three-dimensional MRI. At the end of treatment, four patients had a decrease in tumor volume by 15% or more, three had tumor progression, and 17 remained stable. Pirfenidone warrants further investigation in NF1, which has until now lacked an effective control therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Babovic-Vuksanovic
- Department of Medical Genetics, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
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Abstract
Scabies outbreaks in England have been reported in hospitals, long-stay wards, acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) units and residential homes for the elderly. This paper describes the control of an outbreak in a further education college for persons with learning disabilities. In March 2004, four confirmed cases of scabies were reported among a subset of 108 students and 41 staff members. Staff had considerable physical contact with the students who were housed in five groups of homes, individual homes and support centres. Mass prophylaxis was offered to all staff and students, through 39 general practice surgeries. Challenges overcome were: ensuring complete case ascertainment, accessing of up-to-date information about students and staff, achieving a coordinated approach to treatment, securing informed consent and media management. No further outbreaks have been reported. The college has revised its information request form for new students.
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Affiliation(s)
- O O Ejidokun
- Gloucestershire Health Protection Team, Cheltenham and Tewkesbury Primary Care Trust, Cheltenham, Gloucestershire, UK.
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O'Neill JP, O'Neill B, Condron C, Walsh M, Bouchier-Hayes D. Anaplastic (undifferentiated) thyroid cancer: improved insight and therapeutic strategy into a highly aggressive disease. J Laryngol Otol 2006; 119:585-91. [PMID: 16102210 DOI: 10.1258/0022215054516197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background: This review article discusses the clinical and diagnostic implications of anaplastic thyroid cancer, recognizing the aggressive nature of the disease and extensive disease progression upon diagnosis. Standard treatment strategies (surgical, chemotherapy, radiation) are discussed, comparing adjuvant and neo-adjuvant regimens and the emergence of tumour resistance with expression of multidrug resistance pumps. We question the pathological evolution of anaplasia as a ‘de novo’ disease or a post malignant transformation or dedifferentiation and the therapeutic implications of p53 mutation. Future treatment options are reviewed with an emphasis on specific molecular targets responsible for the neoplastic phenotype.Method: An electronic search on Medline and Pubmed was performed under ‘anaplastic thyroid carcinoma’, ‘anaplastic thyroid carcinogenesis’, ‘anaplastic thyroid carcinoma treatment reviews’. Relevant papers were systematically reviewed from 1965 to present.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P O'Neill
- Department of Surgery and Otolaryngology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
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