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Eilat-Tsanani S, Ernst P, Suissa S. Real-World Effectiveness of Single-Inhaler Triple Therapy for COPD: Impact of Diabetes Comorbidity. COPD 2024; 21:2327345. [PMID: 38509685 DOI: 10.1080/15412555.2024.2327345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes is a frequent comorbidity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients, with the GOLD treatment recommendations asserting that the presence of diabetes be disregarded in the choice of treatment. In a cohort of COPD patients with frequent exacerbations, initiators of single-inhaler triple therapy or dual bronchodilators were compared on the incidence of COPD exacerbation and pneumonia over one year, adjusted by propensity score weighting and stratified by type 2 diabetes. The COPD cohort included 1,114 initiators of triple inhalers and 4,233 of dual bronchodilators (28% with type 2 diabetes). The adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of exacerbation with triple therapy was 1.04 (95% CI: 0.86-1.25) among COPD patients with type 2 diabetes and 0.74 (0.65-0.85) in those without. The incidence of severe pneumonia was elevated with triple therapy among patients with type 2 diabetes (HR 1.77; 1.14-2.75). Triple therapy in COPD is effective among those without, but not those with, type 2 diabetes. Future therapeutic trials in COPD should consider diabetes comorbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Eilat-Tsanani
- Department of Family Medicine, Clalit Health Services, North District, Israel
- Department of Family Medicine, Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute-Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
| | - Pierre Ernst
- Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute-Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Samy Suissa
- Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute-Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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2
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Mosnaim G, Rathkopf M. Digital inhalers for asthma management. Curr Opin Pulm Med 2024; 30:330-335. [PMID: 38411213 DOI: 10.1097/mcp.0000000000001056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Although digital inhaler systems for asthma management have been commercially available for over a decade, their current use in clinical practice is limited. This review outlines barriers and offers potential solutions to their implementation. RECENT FINDINGS Digital inhaler systems demonstrate increased controller medication adherence, decreased quick-relief medication use, and improved asthma control. SUMMARY Use of digital inhaler systems is supported by data from large clinical trials demonstrating improved asthma outcomes. Navigating telemedicine during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has led to advances clearing the path for increased adoption of digital inhaler systems. Progress in areas including patient education and onboarding, clinical management, coding and billing, privacy and security have facilitated implementation in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giselle Mosnaim
- Division of Allergy & Immunology, Department of Medicine, Endeavor Health, Glenview
- Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Melinda Rathkopf
- Allergy and Immunology, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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3
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Roach SN, Fletcher ML, Sarangarm P. A Retrospective Analysis of Intravenous Insulin versus Insulin and Nebulized Albuterol for the Treatment of Hyperkalemia in the Emergency Department. J Clin Pharmacol 2024; 64:619-625. [PMID: 38100157 DOI: 10.1002/jcph.2396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
There is limited literature evaluating the use of nebulized albuterol in the management of hyperkalemia. The objective was to evaluate the efficacy of insulin alone compared with the addition of nebulized albuterol for the treatment of hyperkalemia. This is a retrospective, single-center evaluation of adult patients with hyperkalemia attending the Emergency Department of a large urban academic medical center. Consecutive patients with a potassium level of >5 mmol/L were included. Patients without a repeat potassium level within 4 hours of medication administration, those receiving hemodialysis before a repeat serum potassium, or those that had a hemolyzed blood sample were excluded. The primary outcome was the change in potassium level within 4 hours in patients who received insulin monotherapy versus patients who received insulin and albuterol. The secondary outcomes included hospital length of stay, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and mortality. Out of the 204 patients, 141 received insulin, whereas 63 received insulin and nebulized albuterol. There was no difference in the change in potassium level between the insulin and the insulin and nebulized albuterol groups (0.85 ± 0.6 vs 0.96 ± 0.78 mmol/L; P = .36). There was no difference in median hospital length of stay (8.6 days, IQR 13.2 days, vs 5.6 days, IQR 8.2 days; P = .09), ICU admission (31.9% vs 38.1%; P = .39), and all-cause mortality (14.9% vs 17.5%; P = .64). In this retrospective analysis, the addition of albuterol to insulin for the treatment of hyperkalemia did not result in a greater change in potassium level within 4 hours of therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara N Roach
- University of New Mexico College of Pharmacy, Albuquerque, NM, USA
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4
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Sadeghi T, Fatehi P, Pakzad L. Effect of Nasal Inhalation on Drug Particle Deposition and Size Distribution in the Upper Airway: With Soft Mist Inhalers. Ann Biomed Eng 2024; 52:1195-1212. [PMID: 38509413 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-023-03423-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Delivery of drugs to the lungs is commonly achieved using nasal and/or oral breathing-assisted techniques. The route of inhalation can substantially change the fate of inhaled droplets. The Respimat® Soft Mist™ Inhaler (SMI) is a commercially available efficient inhaler with 40-60% effectiveness. In the present study, we used computational fluid dynamics (CFD) with a custom setup to investigate the effect of a combined oral/nasal inhalation route on the SMI's regional droplet deposition, size distribution, and flow field. Our setup used a modified induction port (MIP) to mimic nasal inhalation inside the human respiratory tract. Six different oral/nasal flow rate ratios inside the MIP were applied (total flow rate of 30 l/min). An overall good agreement was achieved between simulation outcomes and in vitro results. Our results confirmed that the combined inhalation route affects the flow field, altering the MIP's droplet deposition and size distribution. The lowest depositional loss, mainly in the mouth area, was observed at oral/nasal flow rate ratios of O/N = 1 and O/N = 2 with 3% and 7.7% values, respectively. Droplets with a 2-5 µm diameter range showed the highest droplet mass inside the MIP at all combined flow rates. We observed less intense vortexes followed by a lower level of turbulent kinetic energy at the oral/nasal ratio of 1. Increasing the relative humidity (RH) at oral/nasal flow rate ratios of 0.07, 1, and 14 led to an increase in droplet deposition at the outlet of the MIP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taha Sadeghi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON, P7B 5E1, Canada
| | - Pedram Fatehi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON, P7B 5E1, Canada
| | - Leila Pakzad
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON, P7B 5E1, Canada.
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Bender L, Ayoub AM, Schulze J, Amin MU, Librizzi D, Engelhardt KH, Roschenko V, Yousefi BH, Schäfer J, Preis E, Bakowsky U. Evaluating the photodynamic efficacy of nebulized curcumin-loaded liposomes prepared by thin-film hydration and dual centrifugation: In vitro and in ovo studies. Biomater Adv 2024; 159:213823. [PMID: 38460353 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2024.213823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Lung cancer, one of the most common causes of high mortality worldwide, still lacks appropriate and convenient treatment options. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has shown promising results against cancer, especially in recent years. However, pulmonary drug delivery of the predominantly hydrophobic photosensitizers still represents a significant obstacle. Nebulizing DPPC/Cholesterol liposomes loaded with the photosensitizer curcumin via a vibrating mesh nebulizer might overcome current restrictions. In this study, the liposomes were prepared by conventional thin-film hydration and two other methods based on dual centrifugation. The liposomes' physicochemical properties were determined before and after nebulization, showing that liposomes do not undergo any changes. However, morphological characterization of the differently prepared liposomes revealed structural differences between the methods in terms of lamellarity. Internalization of curcumin in lung adenocarcinoma (A549) cells was visualized and quantified. The generation of reactive oxygen species because of the photoreaction was also proven. The photodynamic efficacy of the liposomal formulations was tested against A549 cells. They revealed different phototoxic responses at different radiant exposures. Furthermore, the photodynamic efficacy was investigated after nebulizing curcumin-loaded liposomes onto xenografted tumors on the CAM, followed by irradiation, and evaluated using positron emission tomography/computed tomography and histological analysis. A decrease in tumor metabolism could be observed. Based on the efficacy of curcumin-loaded liposomes in 2D and 3D models, liposomes, especially with prior film formation, can be considered a promising approach for PDT against lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Bender
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, University of Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 4, 35037 Marburg, Germany.
| | - Abdallah M Ayoub
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, University of Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 4, 35037 Marburg, Germany.
| | - Jan Schulze
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, University of Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 4, 35037 Marburg, Germany.
| | - Muhammad Umair Amin
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, University of Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 4, 35037 Marburg, Germany.
| | - Damiano Librizzi
- Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology (ZTI), Core Facility Molecular Imaging, Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Str. 3, 35043 Marburg, Germany.
| | - Konrad H Engelhardt
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, University of Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 4, 35037 Marburg, Germany.
| | - Valeri Roschenko
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, University of Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 4, 35037 Marburg, Germany.
| | - Behrooz H Yousefi
- Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology (ZTI), Core Facility Molecular Imaging, Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Str. 3, 35043 Marburg, Germany.
| | - Jens Schäfer
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, University of Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 4, 35037 Marburg, Germany.
| | - Eduard Preis
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, University of Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 4, 35037 Marburg, Germany.
| | - Udo Bakowsky
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, University of Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 4, 35037 Marburg, Germany.
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Alqarni AA, Aldhahir AM, Siraj RA, Alqahtani JS, Alghamdi DA, Alghamdi SK, Alamoudi AA, Mohtaseb MA, Majrshi M, AlGarni AA, Badr OI, Alwafi H. Asthma medication adherence, control, and psychological symptoms: a cross-sectional study. BMC Pulm Med 2024; 24:189. [PMID: 38641584 PMCID: PMC11031990 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-024-02995-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonadherence to therapies and psychological disorders are associated with poor asthma control. This study aims to assess the prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms, asthma control, and adherence to inhalers and to investigate whether there is an association of anxiety and depressive symptoms with adherence to inhalers and asthma control. METHODS We measured anxiety and depressive symptoms using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale in patients with asthma. Asthma Control Test and the 10-Item Test of Adherence to Inhalers Scale were used to assess levels of asthma control adherence to inhalers, respectively. Univariate and multivariate regression models assessed the associations of anxiety and depressive symptoms with adherence to inhalers and asthma control. RESULTS A total of 287 patients completed the study, of whom 72% were female. The mean ± SD age and body mass index of our study population were 44 ± 13 years and 29 ± 7.2 kg/m2, respectively. Poor adherence to inhaler use was highly prevalent (49.8%; 95% CI: 43.8 to 55.7). The prevalence of anxiety, depression and poor asthma control was 27.2% (95% CI: 22.1 to 32.7), 20.9% (95% CI: 16.3 to 26.1), and 22.7% (95% CI: 17.9 to 27.9), respectively. We found a negative relationship between asthma control and anxiety, and depressive symptoms (adjusted β: -0.25; 95% CI: -0.36 to -0.14; p < 0.001 and adjusted β: -0.29; 95% CI: -0.40 to -0.18; p < 0.001, respectively). A negative relationship was also observed between adherence to inhalers and anxiety and depressive symptoms (adjusted β: -0.34; 95% CI: -0.46 to -0.22; p < 0.001 and adjusted β: -0.36; 95% CI: - 0.48 to - 0.24; p < 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The high prevalence of uncontrolled asthma symptoms and poor adherence to inhalers and their impact on anxiety and depression levels among patients with asthma point to the need for early screening for psychological symptoms and recognition of nonadherence as part of asthma assessment and management plan in primary care in Saudi Arabia to avoid further worsening of asthma symptoms. Further studies are needed to explore the effectiveness of specific psychoeducational interventions and investigate the long-term impact of early psychological symptom detection on asthma outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah A Alqarni
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Faculty of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
- Respiratory Therapy Unit, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abdulelah M Aldhahir
- Respiratory Therapy Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rayan A Siraj
- Department of Respiratory Care, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jaber S Alqahtani
- Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dana A Alghamdi
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Faculty of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah K Alghamdi
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Faculty of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abeer A Alamoudi
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Faculty of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majduleen A Mohtaseb
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Faculty of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mansour Majrshi
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Respiratory Medicine, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK
| | - Abdulkareem A AlGarni
- King Abdulaziz Hospital, The Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omaima I Badr
- Department of Chest Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Al Noor Specialist Hospital, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan Alwafi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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Beckett RS, Jagadish A, Carroll W, Gilchrist FJ. Quality improvement project assessing the feasibility of using canister weight to estimate remaining doses in a salbutamol pressurised metered-dose inhaler. Arch Dis Child 2024; 109:444-446. [PMID: 38316530 DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2023-326678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert S Beckett
- University Hospitals of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke-on-Trent, ST4 6QG, UK
| | - Annapurna Jagadish
- University Hospitals of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke-on-Trent, ST4 6QG, UK
| | - Will Carroll
- Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, University Hospitals of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke-on-Trent, UK
| | - Francis J Gilchrist
- Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, University Hospitals of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke-on-Trent, UK
- Institute of Applied Clinical Science, Keele University, Keele, UK
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Hattori M, Kinoshita K, Saito A, Yamamoto S. Exogenous oxytocin increases gaze to humans in male cats. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8953. [PMID: 38637547 PMCID: PMC11026458 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59161-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Although oxytocin (OT) plays a role in bonding between heterospecifics and conspecifics, the effects of OT on the formation of such interspecific social behavior have only been investigated between humans and dogs (Canis familiaris). In this study, for comparative evaluation of the effects of OT between dog-human and cat-human social interaction, we investigated the effects of exogenous OT on the behavior of domestic cats (Felis silvestris catus) toward humans. We intranasally administered OT or saline to 30 cats using a nebulizer and recorded their behavior (gaze, touch, vocalization, and proximity). The results showed an interaction between the administration condition and sex for gaze duration. Post hoc analyses revealed a significant increase in gaze in the OT condition in male cats but not in females. There were no significant differences in gaze toward owners and strangers in any condition or sex. The male-specific OT-mediated increase in gaze toward humans observed in this study differs from previous research on dogs wherein such effects were observed only in females. These findings suggest an overall effect of exogenous OT on cats' social relationship with humans as well as the possibility of different mechanisms between cat-human and dog-human relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madoka Hattori
- Wildlife Research Center, Kyoto University, 2-24 Tanaka-Sekiden-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8203, Japan.
| | - Kodzue Kinoshita
- Graduate School of Asian and African Area Studies, Kyoto University, Research Bldg. No 2 Yoshida-Honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Atsuko Saito
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Human Sciences, Sophia University, 7-1 Kioicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8554, Japan
| | - Shinya Yamamoto
- Wildlife Research Center, Kyoto University, 2-24 Tanaka-Sekiden-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8203, Japan.
- Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Yoshida Ushinomiya-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
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Nagakumar P, Evans T, Frost S. Identifying empty salbutamol inhalers by weighing the canister. Arch Dis Child 2024; 109:446-447. [PMID: 38429066 DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2024-326839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Prasad Nagakumar
- Department of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Birmingham Women's and Children's Hospital NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Teresa Evans
- Department of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Birmingham Women's and Children's Hospital NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Susan Frost
- Department of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Birmingham Women's and Children's Hospital NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK
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10
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Beeh KM, Rothnie KJ, Claussen J, Hardtstock F, Knapp RK, Wilke T, Czira A, Compton C, Ismaila AS. Characteristics of Users and New Initiators of Single- and Multiple-Inhaler Triple Therapy for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Germany. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2024; 19:945-956. [PMID: 38646606 PMCID: PMC11032663 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s431291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose To assess patient characteristics of users and new initiators of triple therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in Germany. Patients and Methods Retrospective cohort study of patients with COPD and ≥1 prescription for single-inhaler triple therapy (SITT; fluticasone furoate/umeclidinium/vilanterol [FF/UMEC/VI] or beclomethasone dipropionate/glycopyrronium bromide/formoterol [BDP/GLY/FOR]) or multiple-inhaler triple therapy (MITT), using data from the AOK PLUS German sickness fund (1 January 2015-31 December 2019). The index date was the first date of prescription for FF/UMEC/VI or BDP/GLY/FOR (SITT users), or the first date of overlap of inhaled corticosteroid, long-acting β2-agonist, and long-acting muscarinic antagonist (MITT users). Two cohorts were defined: the prevalent cohort included all identified triple therapy users; the incident cohort included patients newly initiating triple therapy for the first time (no prior use of MITT or SITT in the last 2 years). Patient characteristics and treatment patterns were assessed on the index date and during the 24-month pre-index period. Results In total, 18,630 patients were identified as prevalent triple therapy users (MITT: 17,945; FF/UMEC/VI: 700; BDP/GLY/FOR: 908; non-mutually exclusive) and 2932 patients were identified as incident triple therapy initiators (MITT: 2246; FF/UMEC/VI: 311; BDP/GLY/FOR: 395; non-mutually exclusive). For both the prevalent and incident cohorts, more than two-thirds of patients experienced ≥1 moderate/severe exacerbation in the preceding 24 months; in both cohorts more BDP/GLY/FOR users experienced ≥1 moderate/severe exacerbation, compared with FF/UMEC/VI and MITT users. Overall, 97.9% of prevalent triple therapy users and 86.4% of incident triple therapy initiators received maintenance treatment in the 24-month pre-index period. Conclusion In a real-world setting in Germany, triple therapy was most frequently used after maintenance therapy in patients with recent exacerbations, in line with current treatment recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kieran J Rothnie
- Value Evidence and Outcomes, R&D Global Medical, GSK, Brentford, UK
| | | | | | - Rachel K Knapp
- Real World & Advanced Analytics (RWAA), Cytel, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Wilke
- IPAM e.V., Institute affiliated with University of Wismar, Wismar, Germany
| | | | | | - Afisi S Ismaila
- Value Evidence and Outcomes, R&D Global Medical, GSK, Collegeville, PA, USA
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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11
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Halpin DMG, Mahler DA. Systematic review of the effects of patient errors using inhaled delivery systems on clinical outcomes in COPD. BMJ Open Respir Res 2024; 11:e002211. [PMID: 38626929 PMCID: PMC11029336 DOI: 10.1136/bmjresp-2023-002211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Errors using inhaled delivery systems for COPD are common and it is assumed that these lead to worse clinical outcomes. Previous systematic reviews have included patients with both asthma and COPD and much of the evidence related to asthma. More studies in COPD have now been published. Through systematic review, the relationship between errors using inhalers and clinical outcomes in COPD, including the importance of specific errors, was assessed.MethodsElectronic databases were searched on 27 October 2023 to identify cohort, case-control or randomised controlled studies, which included patients with COPD, an objective assessment of inhaler errors and data on at least one outcome of interest (forced expiratory volume in 1 s, (FEV1), dyspnoea, health status and exacerbations). Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle and Ottawa scales. A narrative synthesis of the results was performed as there was insufficient detail in the publications to allow quantitative synthesis. There was no funding for the review. RESULTS 19 publications were included (7 cohort and 12 case-control) reporting outcomes on 6487 patients. 15 were considered low quality, and most were confounded by the absence of adherence data. There was weak evidence that lower error rates are associated with better FEV1, symptoms and health status and fewer exacerbations. Only one considered the effects of individual errors and found that only some were related to worse outcomes. CONCLUSION Evidence about the importance of specific errors using inhalers and outcomes would optimise the education and training of patients with COPD. Prospective studies, including objective monitoring of inhalation technique and adherence, are needed. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42023393120.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M G Halpin
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Donald A Mahler
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
- Valley Regional Hospital, Claremont, New Hampshire, USA
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12
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Grandmaison G, Grobéty T, Dumont P, Vaucher J, Hayoz D, Suter P. An in-hospital intervention to reduce the proportion of misused inhalers at hospital discharge among patients with COPD: a non-randomised intervention study. Swiss Med Wkly 2024; 154:3394. [PMID: 38579300 DOI: 10.57187/s.3394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS OF THE STUDY Misuse of inhalers during chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) treatment is common and may result from errors in inhalation technique or insufficient peak inspiratory flow (PIF). We aimed to evaluate the impact of an in-hospital intervention to reduce inhaler misuse at hospital discharge among patients with COPD. METHODS We conducted a monocentric, non-randomised intervention study to compare the proportion of misused inhalers at hospital discharge by patients with COPD between a group with standard care and a group receiving an in-hospital intervention. The control group successively included all patients hospitalised between March and June 2022, and the intervention group included patients hospitalised between August and December 2022. The intervention consisted of (a) an evaluation of inhalation technique and PIF at admission, (b) the provision of a written guide to assist in the selection of an inhaler, and (c) therapeutic education. The primary outcome was the proportion of misused inhalers, defined as an inhaler used with a critical error and/or insufficient PIF, at hospital discharge. The primary outcome was assessed by observing inhalation technique and measuring PIF using the In-Check DIAL G16® . RESULTS The study included 93 patients: 46 in the control group and 47 in the intervention group. Mean age was 70.5 years (SD 10.9 years), 56 patients (60.2%) were men, and 57 patients (62%) were hospitalised for a COPD exacerbation. Patients used an average of 1.9 inhalers at hospital discharge; 98 inhalers were assessed in the control group and 81 in the intervention group. The proportion of misused inhalers at discharge was 61.2% in the control group and 21.0% in the intervention group (absolute risk reduction 40.2% [95% CI 25.5-55.0]; p <0.01). In the intervention group, the proportion of inhalers used with at least one critical error was reduced by 38.6% (95% CI 24.3-52.3%) and that of inhalers used with insufficient PIF by 13.9% (95% CI 4.2-23.6%). CONCLUSIONS An in-hospital intervention was associated with a reduction in the proportion of misused inhalers at hospital discharge. This intervention should be considered for hospitalised patients with COPD. The trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05207631).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gael Grandmaison
- Department of Internal Medicine, University and Hospital of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Grobéty
- Department of Physiotherapy, Hospital of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Dumont
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine and Specialties, Hospital of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Julien Vaucher
- Department of Internal Medicine, University and Hospital of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Hayoz
- Department of Internal Medicine, University and Hospital of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Suter
- Department of Internal Medicine, University and Hospital of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Allergology, Inselspital University Hospital Bern, Switzerland
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13
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Furlow B. US Senate committee investigates asthma inhaler prices. Lancet Respir Med 2024; 12:270. [PMID: 38278163 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-2600(24)00012-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
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14
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Conway AE, Verdi M, Oppenheimer J, Mustafa SS, Shaker M. Balancing benefits and potential harms of stock inhaler policies in schools. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2024; 132:417-418. [PMID: 38569754 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2023.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marylee Verdi
- Dartmouth College Student Health, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - John Oppenheimer
- Division of Allergy, Department of Medicine, UMDNJ-Rutgers, Newark, New Jersey
| | - S Shahzad Mustafa
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Rochester Regional Health, Rochester, New York; Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York
| | - Marcus Shaker
- Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire; Section of Allergy and Immunology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire.
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15
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Caron C, Sajwani S, Bateman K, Degenhardt O, Gaudreau-Simard M, Pakhale S, Kanji S. Environmentally sustainable opportunities for health systems: metered-dose inhaler prescribing, dispensing, usage, and waste at The Ottawa Hospital. Lancet Planet Health 2024; 8 Suppl 1:S5. [PMID: 38632920 DOI: 10.1016/s2542-5196(24)00070-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The carbon footprint of Canada's health sector is among the worst in the world, responsible for 4·6% of Canada's total greenhouse gas emissions. A quarter of emissions from Canada's health sector are linked to pharmaceuticals, including metered dose inhalers (MDIs). MDIs use propellants, such as hydrofluorocarbons, which act as greenhouse gas emissions and contribute to the health-care sector's overall carbon footprint. The objective of this study was to describe MDI prescribing, dispensing, usage, and waste patterns at The Ottawa Hospital (Ottawa, ON, Canada). Secondary objectives included estimating the monetary and carbon cost of current practice and the potential benefits and costs of switching to the more environmentally friendly dry powder inhalers. METHODS In this retrospective point-prevalence cohort study, we identified 100 consecutive patients from medical and surgical services at both campuses of The Ottawa Hospital from health records discharged from medical and surgical services and who were prescribed at least one MDI during their admission. Medical records were reviewed and data related to demographics, MDI prescribing, dispensing, usage, and wastage were collected using a pre-piloted electronic case report form. Financial cost was calculated using local costing estimates and carbon cost was calculated using published estimates. FINDINGS Between Jan 1, 2023, and June 1, 2023, we collected data for 100 eligible patients, of whom 60 (60%) were female and 90 (90%) were admitted to hospital medicine wards (10% from surgical wards). The median length of stay was 7 (range 1-47) days. The most common inpatient diagnoses were respiratory tract infections in 43 (43%) of 100 patients and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations in 28 (28%) of 100 patients. The median number of MDIs prescribed during a patients stay was two (range one to 15) and the median number dispensed was one (range one to seven). For formulary options of MDIs, of the 200 (range 30-1400) actuations dispensed per patient, 8% were used, representing 92% wastage. During the audit, 315 MDIs were dispensed in total, of which 97 were not used at all. INTERPRETATION MDIs are significant contributors to the carbon footprint attributed to pharmaceutical use in hospitals. This study suggests that 90% of MDI doses are wasted, showing that there is substantial room for improvement. FUNDING None.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolanne Caron
- Department of Pharmacy, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Départment de Pharmacie, Hôpital Monfort, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
| | | | | | - Owen Degenhardt
- Department of Pharmacy, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Mathilde Gaudreau-Simard
- Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada; The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Smita Pakhale
- Department of Respirology, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Salmaan Kanji
- Department of Pharmacy, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada; The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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16
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Mišík O, Kejíková J, Cejpek O, Malý M, Jugl A, Bělka M, Mravec F, Lízal F. Nebulization and In Vitro Upper Airway Deposition of Liposomal Carrier Systems. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:1848-1860. [PMID: 38466817 PMCID: PMC10988550 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c01146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Liposomal carrier systems have emerged as a promising technology for pulmonary drug delivery. This study focuses on two selected liposomal systems, namely, dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine stabilized by phosphatidic acid and cholesterol (DPPC-PA-Chol) and dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine stabilized by polyethylene glycol and cholesterol (DPPC-PEG-Chol). First, the research investigates the stability of these liposomal systems during the atomization process using different kinds of nebulizers (air-jet, vibrating mesh, and ultrasonic). The study further explores the aerodynamic particle size distribution of the aerosol generated by the nebulizers. The nebulizer that demonstrated optimal stability and particle size was selected for more detailed investigation, including Andersen cascade impactor measurements, an assessment of the influence of flow rate and breathing profiles on aerosol particle size, and an in vitro deposition study on a realistic replica of the upper airways. The most suitable combination of a nebulizer and liposomal system was DPPC-PA-Chol nebulized by a Pari LC Sprint Star in terms of stability and particle size. The influence of the inspiration flow rate on the particle size was not very strong but was not negligible either (decrease of Dv50 by 1.34 μm with the flow rate increase from 8 to 60 L/min). A similar effect was observed for realistic transient inhalation. According to the in vitro deposition measurement, approximately 90% and 70% of the aerosol penetrated downstream of the trachea using the stationary flow rate and the realistic breathing profile, respectively. These data provide an image of the potential applicability of liposomal carrier systems for nebulizer therapy. Regional lung drug deposition is patient-specific; therefore, deposition results might vary for different airway geometries. However, deposition measurement with realistic boundary conditions (airway geometry, breathing profile) brings a more realistic image of the drug delivery by the selected technology. Our results show how much data from cascade impactor testing or estimates from the fine fraction concept differ from those of a more realistic case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondrej Mišík
- Department
of Thermodynamics and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical
Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 2896/2, 616 69 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Kejíková
- Institute
of Physical and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 464/118, Královo Pole, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Cejpek
- Department
of Thermodynamics and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical
Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 2896/2, 616 69 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Malý
- Department
of Thermodynamics and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical
Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 2896/2, 616 69 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Adam Jugl
- Institute
of Physical and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 464/118, Královo Pole, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Miloslav Bělka
- Department
of Thermodynamics and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical
Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 2896/2, 616 69 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Filip Mravec
- Institute
of Physical and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 464/118, Královo Pole, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - František Lízal
- Department
of Thermodynamics and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical
Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 2896/2, 616 69 Brno, Czech Republic
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17
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Hardy P, Gonzalez M, Lane R, Yonkaitis CF, Pappalardo AA. Stock inhalers for schools: What do schools want and need? Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2024; 132:532-534. [PMID: 38081411 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2023.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Paige Hardy
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Michael Gonzalez
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Rachel Lane
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Catherine F Yonkaitis
- Illinois Association of School Nurses, Manteno, Illinois; Department of Population Health Nursing Science, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Andrea A Pappalardo
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.
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18
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Naeem B, Saleem J, Haider Naqvi ASA, Kausar S, Arshad A, Kumar K, Khalid A, Kumar P. Systematic review of clinical manifestations, management and outcome following accidental ingestion of liquid mosquito repellent vaporiser in children. BMJ Paediatr Open 2024; 8:e002476. [PMID: 38555100 PMCID: PMC10982783 DOI: 10.1136/bmjpo-2023-002476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pyrethroid-based mosquito repellents are widely used to control mosquito-borne diseases. Liquid mosquito-repellent vaporisers are effective modes of pyrethroid delivery but can also pose significant health risks if ingested or used improperly. OBJECTIVE This systematic review was performed to assess the demographic distribution, clinical presentation, management strategies and outcomes in children resulting from accidental ingestion of liquid mosquito repellent vaporiser. METHODS The study adheres to the reporting standards outlined in the PRISMA Statement for Systematic Reviews and was prospectively registered with PROSPERO (record # CRD42023413937) to enhance transparency and minimise reporting bias. A comprehensive search was conducted on PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar using specific MeSH terms related to insecticides, mosquito repellents, pyrethroids, ingestion, poisoning, toxicity and prevention. The reference lists of the included studies were also reviewed for additional relevant articles. The inclusion criteria involved studies published in peer-reviewed journals between 2000 and 2023 that focused on children under 18 years old with a history of mosquito-repellent ingestion based on primary data. RESULTS Twelve studies met the inclusion criteria; these were primarily case reports from India, China and the UAE. Male children were predominantly affected, and symptoms included vomiting, convulsions, cough and respiratory distress. Management primarily involved supportive and symptomatic measures, including atropine for salivation and antiepileptic drugs for seizures. Respiratory support was provided for respiratory complications. CONCLUSION Despite the known risks and diverse presentations of pyrethroid poisoning caused by liquid mosquito repellent vaporiser in children, the limited substantial evidence in the literature underscores the urgent need for comprehensive research to refine management approaches and enhance preventive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babar Naeem
- Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Junaid Saleem
- Federal Medical and Dental College, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Sidra Kausar
- Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Aqdas Arshad
- Mohi-ud-Din Islamic Medical College, Mirpur, Azad Kashmir, Pakistan
| | | | - Aashar Khalid
- Federal Medical and Dental College, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Parkash Kumar
- Liaquat National Hospital and Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan
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19
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Feng Z, Han Z, Wang Y, Guo H, Liu J. Comparison of the Application of Vibrating Mesh Nebulizer and Jet Nebulizer in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2024; 19:829-839. [PMID: 38562440 PMCID: PMC10984201 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s452191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To comparison of the application of Vibrating Mesh Nebulizer and Jet Nebulizer in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Research Methods This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) statements. The primary outcome measures analyzed included: The amount of inhaler in the urine sample at 30 minutes after inhalation therapy (USAL0.5), The total amount of inhaler in urine sample within 24 hours (USAL24), Aerosol emitted, Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), Forced vital capacity (FVC). Results Ten studies were included with a total of 314 study participants, including 157 subjects in the VMN group and 157 subjects in the JN group. The data analysis results of USAL0.5, MD (1.88 [95% CI, 0.95 to 2.81], P = 0.000), showed a statistically significant difference. USAL24, MD (1.61 [95% CI, 1.14 to 2.09], P = 0.000), showed a statistically significant difference. The results of aerosol emitted showed a statistically significant difference in MD (3.44 [95% CI, 2.84 to 4.04], P = 0.000). The results of FEV1 showed MD (0.05 [95% CI, -0.24 to 0.35], P=0.716), the results were not statistically significant. The results of FVC showed MD (0.11 [95% CI, -0.18 to 0.41], P=0.459), the results were not statistically significant. It suggests that VMN is better than JN and provides higher aerosols, but there is no difference in improving lung function between them. Conclusion VMN is significantly better than JN in terms of drug delivery and utilization in the treatment of patients with COPD. However, in the future use of nebulizers, it is important to select a matching nebulizer based on a combination of factors such as mechanism of action of the nebulizer, disease type and comorbidities, ventilation strategies and modes, drug formulations, as well as cost-effectiveness, in order to achieve the ideal treatment of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhouzhou Feng
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou City, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhengcai Han
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou City, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yaqin Wang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou City, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong Guo
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou City, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Liu
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou City, People’s Republic of China
- Gansu Maternal and Child Health Hospital/Gansu Central Hospital, Lanzhou City, People’s Republic of China
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20
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Numbere B, Liu Y, Zhang S, Czira A, Lu Y. Characteristics, treatment patterns and burden of illness in US patients with asthma newly initiating multiple-inhaler triple therapy. BMJ Open Respir Res 2024; 11:e001702. [PMID: 38448044 PMCID: PMC10916089 DOI: 10.1136/bmjresp-2023-001702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION For patients with asthma who remain symptomatic on medium-dose inhaled corticosteroid/long-acting β2-agonist, add-on long-acting muscarinic antagonist is a treatment option, which can be administered as multiple-inhaler triple therapy (MITT). A high proportion of patients (61.5%-88.2%) discontinue MITT use within 1 year postinitiation; however, which patients discontinue and their treatment patterns at initiation are unknown. This study aimed to understand the demographic, clinical and treatment-related characteristics of patients with asthma who newly initiated MITT, by discontinuation status. METHODS This retrospective cohort study used administrative data from IBM Truven MarketScan Commercial Claims and Encounters Database with Medicare supplement between 1 January 2016 and 31 December 2019. Adult patients with asthma who initiated MITT between 1 January 2017 and 31 March 2019 were included and were classified based on their discontinuation status. 'Continuous users' had continuous use of MITT and 'discontinuers' discontinued treatment within the 6-month period postinitiation. Demographics and clinical characteristics, asthma treatment use prior to MITT initiation (12-month baseline period), mode of MITT initiation and complexity of regimen were described. RESULTS Of 4132 patients (mean age: 49.0 years, 67.9% female), 78.0% (n=3224) were discontinuers; 22.0% (n=908) were continuous users. Demographic and other clinical and treatment-related characteristics during baseline were broadly similar between cohorts. A significantly higher proportion of continuous users versus discontinuers had ≥6 dispensed claims for short-acting β2-agonist canisters (16.0% vs 12.5%; p=0.006) during baseline and initiated a once-daily MITT regimen (35.2% vs 26.2%; p<0.001). Fewer continuous MITT users used a mix of once-daily and twice-daily regimens than those who discontinued MITT (64.3% vs 72.3%; p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Most patients with asthma discontinued MITT within 6 months. Results indicate that patients with a history of uncontrolled, symptomatic asthma and those using less complex triple therapy regimens at initiation are less likely to discontinue MITT than patients with controlled asthma and those using a complex MITT regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shiyuan Zhang
- R&D Global Medical, GSK, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Yifei Lu
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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21
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Xia W, Kolli AR, Kuczaj AK, Szostak J, Lam S, Toh WW, Purwanti A, Tan WT, Ng R, Phillips B, Peitsch MC, Hoeng J. Aerosol delivery and spatiotemporal tissue distribution of hydroxychloroquine in rat lung. Eur J Pharm Sci 2024; 194:106693. [PMID: 38184016 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2024.106693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Inhalation enables the delivery of drugs directly to the lung, increasing the retention for prolonged exposure and maximizing the therapeutic index. However, the differential regional lung exposure kinetics and systemic pharmacokinetics are not fully known, and their estimation is critical for pulmonary drug delivery. The study evaluates the pharmacokinetics of hydroxychloroquine in different regions of the respiratory tract for multiple routes of administration. We also evaluated the influence of different inhaled formulations on systemic and lung pharmacokinetics by identifying suitable nebulizers followed by early characterization of emitted aerosol physicochemical properties. The salt- and freebase-based formulations required different nebulizers and generated aerosol with different physicochemical properties. An administration of hydroxychloroquine by different routes resulted in varied systemic and lung pharmacokinetics, with oral administration resulting in low tissue concentrations in all regions of the respiratory tract. A nose-only inhalation exposure resulted in higher and sustained lung concentrations of hydroxychloroquine with a lung parenchyma-to-blood ratio of 386 after 1440 min post-exposure. The concentrations of hydroxychloroquine in different regions of the respiratory tract (i.e., nasal epithelium, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lung parenchyma) varied over time, indicating different retention kinetics. The spatiotemporal distribution of hydroxychloroquine in the lung is different due to the heterogeneity of cell types, varying blood perfusion rate, clearance mechanisms, and deposition of inhaled aerosol along the respiratory tract. In addition to highlighting the varied lung physiology, these results demonstrate the ability of the lung to retain increased levels of inhaled lysosomotropic drugs. Such findings are critical for the development of future inhalation-based therapeutics, aiming to optimize target site exposure, enable precision medicine, and ultimately enhance clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Xia
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris International Research Laboratories Pte. Ltd., Science Park II, Singapore
| | - Aditya R Kolli
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, Neuchâtel CH-2000, Switzerland.
| | - Arkadiusz K Kuczaj
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, Neuchâtel CH-2000, Switzerland
| | - Justyna Szostak
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, Neuchâtel CH-2000, Switzerland
| | - Sharon Lam
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris International Research Laboratories Pte. Ltd., Science Park II, Singapore
| | - Wei Wen Toh
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris International Research Laboratories Pte. Ltd., Science Park II, Singapore
| | - Asef Purwanti
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris International Research Laboratories Pte. Ltd., Science Park II, Singapore
| | - Wei Teck Tan
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris International Research Laboratories Pte. Ltd., Science Park II, Singapore
| | - Raymond Ng
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris International Research Laboratories Pte. Ltd., Science Park II, Singapore
| | - Blaine Phillips
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris International Research Laboratories Pte. Ltd., Science Park II, Singapore
| | - Manuel C Peitsch
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, Neuchâtel CH-2000, Switzerland
| | - Julia Hoeng
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A., Quai Jeanrenaud 5, Neuchâtel CH-2000, Switzerland
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Pattock AM, Locke ER, Hebert PL, Simpson T, Battaglia C, Trivedi RB, Swenson ER, Edelman J, Fan VS. Predictors of Patient-reported and Pharmacy Refill Measures of Maintenance Inhaler Adherence in Veterans with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2024; 21:384-392. [PMID: 37774091 DOI: 10.1513/annalsats.202211-975oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Suboptimal adherence to inhaled medications in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains a challenge. Objectives: To examine the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics and medication beliefs associated with adherence measured by self-report and pharmacy data. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis of data from a prospective observational cohort study of patients with COPD was completed. Participants underwent spirometry and completed questionnaires regarding sociodemographic data, inhaler use, dyspnea, social support, psychological and medical comorbidities, and medication beliefs (Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire [BMQ]). Self-reported adherence to inhaled medications was measured with the Adherence to Refills and Medications Scale (ARMS), and pharmacy-based adherence was calculated from administrative data using the ReComp score. Multivariable linear regression was used to examine the sociodemographic, clinical, and medication-belief factors associated with both adherence measures. Results: Among 269 participants with ARMS and ReComp data, adherence was the same for each measure (38.3%), but only 18% of participants were adherent by both measures. In multivariable adjusted analysis, a 10-year increase in age (β = 0.54; 95% confidence interval, 0.14-0.94) and the number of maintenance inhalers used (β = 0.53; 0.04-1.02) were associated with increased adherence by self-report. Improved ReComp adherence was associated with chronic prednisone use (β = 0.18; 0.04-0.31) and the number of maintenance inhalers used (β = 0.11; 0.05-0.17). In adjusted analyses examining patient beliefs about medications, increases in the COPD-specific BMQ concerns score (β = -0.10; -0.17 to -0.02) were associated with reduced self-reported adherence. No significant associations between ReComp adherence and BMQ score were found in adjusted analyses. Conclusions: Adherence to inhaled COPD medications was poor as measured by self-report or pharmacy refill data. There were notable differences in factors associated with adherence based on the method of adherence measurement. Older age, chronic prednisone use, the number of prescribed maintenance inhalers used, and patient beliefs about medication safety were associated with adherence. Overall, fewer variables were associated with adherence as measured based on pharmacy refills. Pharmacy refill-based and self-reported adherence may measure distinct aspects of adherence and may be affected by different factors. These results also underscore the importance of addressing patient beliefs when developing interventions to improve medication adherence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emily R Locke
- Center of Innovation for Veteran-Centered and Value-Driven Care and
| | - Paul L Hebert
- Department of Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- Center of Innovation for Veteran-Centered and Value-Driven Care and
| | - Tracy Simpson
- Center of Excellence in Substance Addiction Treatment and Education (CESATE), VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Washington
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington
| | - Catherine Battaglia
- Center of Innovation for Veteran-Centered and Value-Driven Care, Eastern Colorado VA Health Care System, Aurora, Colorado
- Department of Health System Management and Policy, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Ranak B Trivedi
- Center for Innovation to Implementation, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California; and
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Erik R Swenson
- Department of Medicine and
- Center of Innovation for Veteran-Centered and Value-Driven Care and
| | - Jeff Edelman
- Department of Medicine and
- Center of Innovation for Veteran-Centered and Value-Driven Care and
| | - Vincent S Fan
- Department of Medicine and
- Center of Innovation for Veteran-Centered and Value-Driven Care and
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Glover LH, Skelley JW, Cimino LH, Berry RB. Impact of a pharmacist-driven COPD clinic on outcomes related to COPD in a federally qualified health center. J Am Pharm Assoc (2003) 2024; 64:512-516. [PMID: 38030076 DOI: 10.1016/j.japh.2023.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) affects many patients across the United States. Morbidity related to COPD can lead to increased financial strain to health care system. The United States is also shifting toward value-based payments, which rely on satisfying quality measures. Pharmacists are equipped with knowledge in adjusting medications based on symptom burden and guideline recommendations in COPD and are equipped with the proper knowledge to address quality measures. OBJECTIVE This project aimed to determine the impact of a clinical pharmacy service centered around inhaler education and optimization on COPD morbidity and Uniform Data System (UDS) quality measure satisfaction in a federally qualified health center. METHODS This quality improvement project consisted of patient referrals by and reports from a population health software for the pharmacy service from November 2022 to March 2023. The outcomes in this study included symptom change measured by follow-up modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) Dyspnea Scale in addition to changes in compliance with UDS quality measures. At follow-up, patients were administered another mMRC to evaluate treatment effect and determine quality measure satisfaction. RESULTS Thirteen patient visits were conducted. Most patients were female (84.6%) with an exacerbation in the previous year (46.1%). All patients received an adjustment in their pharmacotherapy along with inhaler education. The average baseline mMRC score decreased from 2.1 to 0.6, indicating a decrease in overall COPD symptoms. Five quality measures of 13 were satisfied during the follow-up period. CONCLUSION The COPD clinical pharmacy service led to an increase in guideline-driven pharmacotherapy regimens for patients with COPD while having an overall decrease in morbidity. Quality measures were also addressed and satisfied after the appointment. Continuation of this quality improvement service will ensure proper assessment of COPD along with addressing UDS quality measures.
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Ari A, Raghavan N, Diaz M, Rubin BK, Fink JB. Individualized aerosol medicine: Integrating device into the patient. Paediatr Respir Rev 2024; 49:14-23. [PMID: 37739833 DOI: 10.1016/j.prrv.2023.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary drug delivery is complex due to several challenges including disease-, patient-, and clinicians-related factors. Although many inhaled medications are available in aerosol medicine, delivering aerosolized medications to patients requires effective disease management. There is a large gap in the knowledge of clinicians who select and provide instructions for the correct use of aerosol devices. Since improper device selection, incorrect inhaler technique, and poor patient adherence to prescribed medications may result in inadequate disease control, individualized aerosol medicine is essential for effective disease management and control. The components of individualized aerosol medicine include: (1) Selecting the right device, (2) Selecting the right interface, (3) Educating the patient effectively, and (4) Increasing patient adherence to therapy. This paper reviews each of these components and provides recommendations to integrate the device and interface into the patient for better clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arzu Ari
- Texas State University, Department of Respiratory Care, USA.
| | | | - Martha Diaz
- Latin American Board of Certification in Respiratory Therapy, Colombia
| | - Bruce K Rubin
- Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, USA.
| | - James B Fink
- Texas State University, Department of Respiratory Care, USA; Aerogen Pharma, USA.
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Tillard C, Cisterne C, Moyart M, Thumerelle C, Drumez E, Behal H, Lejeune S, Deschildre A. VIDEOASTHMA: Remote, real-life evaluation of inhalation technique in asthmatic children. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2024; 35:e14103. [PMID: 38445727 DOI: 10.1111/pai.14103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Célia Tillard
- CHU Lille, Pedaitric Pulmonology and Allergy Department, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, Lille, France
| | - Camille Cisterne
- CHU Lille, Pedaitric Pulmonology and Allergy Department, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, Lille, France
| | - Marie Moyart
- CHU Lille, Pedaitric Pulmonology and Allergy Department, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, Lille, France
| | - Caroline Thumerelle
- CHU Lille, Pedaitric Pulmonology and Allergy Department, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, Lille, France
| | | | - Hélène Behal
- CHU Lille, Biostatistics Department, Lille, France
| | - Stéphanie Lejeune
- CHU Lille, Pedaitric Pulmonology and Allergy Department, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, Lille, France
- INSERM Unit 1019, CNRS UMR 9017, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Univ Lille, Lille, France
| | - Antoine Deschildre
- CHU Lille, Pedaitric Pulmonology and Allergy Department, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, Lille, France
- INSERM Unit 1019, CNRS UMR 9017, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Univ Lille, Lille, France
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McCormack M, Paczkowski R, Gronroos NN, Noorduyn SG, Lee L, Veeranki P, Johnson MG, Igboekwe E, Kahle-Wrobleski K, Panettieri R. Outcomes of Patients with COPD Treated with ICS/LABA Before and After Initiation of Single-Inhaler Triple Therapy with Fluticasone Furoate/Umeclidinium/Vilanterol (FF/UMEC/VI). Adv Ther 2024; 41:1245-1261. [PMID: 38310193 PMCID: PMC10879256 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-023-02776-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Triple therapy (fluticasone furoate/umeclidinium/vilanterol; FF/UMEC/VI) has been shown to improve symptoms and reduce exacerbations in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and a history of exacerbations. This real-world study compared exacerbation rates and healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) before and after initiation of FF/UMEC/VI in patients with COPD previously treated with inhaled corticosteroid (ICS)/long-acting β2-agonist (LABA). METHODS This retrospective cohort study included commercial and Medicare Advantage with Part D administrative claims data from September 01, 2016, to March 31, 2020, of patients diagnosed with COPD. The index date was the date of the first FF/UMEC/VI claim (September 2017-March 2019). The 12 months prior to index (baseline) were used to assess patient characteristics and outcomes; the 12 months following index (follow-up) were used to assess study outcomes. All patients had ≥ 30 consecutive days' supply of any ICS/LABA dual therapy during the 12 months prior to FF/UMEC/VI initiation. Subgroup analyses included patients with ≥ 30 consecutive days' supply of budesonide/formoterol (BUD/FORM) during baseline. Analyses of patients with ≥ 1 COPD exacerbation during baseline were reported as well. RESULTS The overall population included 1449 patients (mean age 70.75 years; 54.18% female), of whom 540 were patients in the BUD/FORM subgroup. Significantly fewer patients experienced any exacerbation during follow-up versus baseline (overall population 53.49% vs 62.59%; p < 0.001; BUD/FORM subgroup 55.00% vs 62.41%; p = 0.004). Effects on exacerbation reduction were more pronounced among patients with ≥ 1 exacerbation during baseline. Lower COPD-related HCRU was observed during the follow-up compared with baseline for both the overall population and the BUD/FORM subgroup. CONCLUSION Patients with COPD treated with ICS/LABA during baseline, including patients specifically treated with BUD/FORM and those with a history of ≥ 1 exacerbation, had fewer COPD exacerbations and lower COPD-related HCRU after initiating FF/UMEC/VI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meredith McCormack
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rosirene Paczkowski
- Value Evidence and Outcomes, R&D Global Medical, GSK, Collegeville, PA, 19426-0989, USA.
| | - Noelle N Gronroos
- Health Economics and Outcomes Research, Optum, Eden Prairie, MN, USA
| | - Stephen G Noorduyn
- Global Value Evidence and Outcomes, GSK, Mississauga, ON, Canada
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Lydia Lee
- Value Evidence and Outcomes, R&D Global Medical, GSK, Collegeville, PA, 19426-0989, USA
- Center for Health Outcomes, Policy and Economics, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Phani Veeranki
- Health Economics and Outcomes Research, Optum, Eden Prairie, MN, USA
| | - Mary G Johnson
- Health Economics and Outcomes Research, Optum, Eden Prairie, MN, USA
| | | | | | - Reynold Panettieri
- Rutgers Institute for Translational Medicine and Science, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
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Seckin S, Saglik Aslan S. Simultaneous UPLC Assay for Oxitropium Bromide and Formoterol Fumarate Dihydrate in Pressurized Metered Dose Inhaler Products for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. J AOAC Int 2024; 107:242-247. [PMID: 38109505 PMCID: PMC10907136 DOI: 10.1093/jaoacint/qsad134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKROUND Oxitropium bromide (OB) and formoterol fumarate dihydrate (FFD) are inhaler molecules that are widely used in the treatment of chronic lung diseases. OBJECTIVE The goal of this work was to create a reversed phase-ultra performance liquid chromatography (RP-UPLC) technique for assay and identification of OB and FFD, as well as identification and estimate of its associated compounds in pressurized metered dose inhaler product (pMDI). METHOD Separation of oxitropium and formoterol peaks were enhanced on a C18 (50 × 2.1 mm × 1.7 μm) UPLC column with ethylene-bridged-hybrid technology, The mobile phase consists of buffer (0.07 M KH2PO4) and acetonitrile (80:20, v/v). The detector wavelength of 210 nm, flow rate of pump 0.6 mL/min, and oven temperature for column were set at 25°C. The injection volume was 10 μL. The method run time was 2 min. The mobile phase was used as the solvent. RESULTS Retention times (RTs) were 0.5 min for OB and 1.0 min for FFD. The assay analysis was linear range for all analytes within the range for concentrations 0.03-14.8 µg/mL of OB, 0.01-0.88 µg/mL of FFD. LOD values and LOQ values 0.009 and 0.026 µg/mL for OB and 0.003 and 0.009 µg/mL for FFD, respectively. Recoveries were obtained at 96.3% for OB and 97.2% for FFD. Precisions values were (as RSD, %) ≤1.5%. CONCLUSIONS With the UPLC method developed and validated according to the current ICH guidelines, it is possible to simultaneously detect OB and FFD of assay analysis in pMDI products accurately, precisely and selectively, independent of the matrix effect. HIGHLIGHTS The present method is the first method in the literature based on the UPLC method for this purpose. The UPLC method is a time-saving method, it provides a faster and cheaper technique than the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serdar Seckin
- Istanbul University Institute of Health Sciences, Analytical Chemistry, 34126 Beyazıt, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Serap Saglik Aslan
- Istanbul University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, 34116 Beyazıt Istanbul, Türkiye
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Singh DP, Raghunathan V, Dhaliwal MS, Singh R, Kumar A. Acute Levalbuterol Toxicity With Use of Metered Dose Inhaler. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2024; 63:297-299. [PMID: 37246788 DOI: 10.1177/00099228231177143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Veena Raghunathan
- Department of Pediatric Critical Care, Medanta-The Medicity, Gurgaon, India
| | | | - Ruby Singh
- Department of Pediatric Critical Care, Medanta-The Medicity, Gurgaon, India
| | - Arvind Kumar
- Department of Pediatric Critical Care, Medanta-The Medicity, Gurgaon, India
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29
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Gupta S, Couillard S, Digby G, Tse SM, Green S, Penz E. Climate Change and Inhaler Selection in Patients With Respiratory Disease. Chest 2024; 165:503-506. [PMID: 38461016 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2023.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Samir Gupta
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Simon Couillard
- Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Geneviève Digby
- Department of Medicine, Division of Respirology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Sze Man Tse
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Respiratory Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Samantha Green
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Family & Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Erika Penz
- Division of Respirology, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
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30
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Biney IN, Ari A, Barjaktarevic IZ, Carlin B, Christiani DC, Cochran L, Drummond MB, Johnson K, Kealing D, Kuehl PJ, Li J, Mahler DA, Martinez S, Ohar J, Radonovich LJ, Sood A, Suggett J, Tal-Singer R, Tashkin D, Yates J, Cambridge L, Dailey PA, Mannino DM, Dhand R. Guidance on Mitigating the Risk of Transmitting Respiratory Infections During Nebulization by the COPD Foundation Nebulizer Consortium. Chest 2024; 165:653-668. [PMID: 37977263 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2023.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nebulizers are used commonly for inhaled drug delivery. Because they deliver medication through aerosol generation, clarification is needed on what constitutes safe aerosol delivery in infectious respiratory disease settings. The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the importance of understanding the safety and potential risks of aerosol-generating procedures. However, evidence supporting the increased risk of disease transmission with nebulized treatments is inconclusive, and inconsistent guidelines and differing opinions have left uncertainty regarding their use. Many clinicians opt for alternative devices, but this practice could impact outcomes negatively, especially for patients who may not derive full treatment benefit from handheld inhalers. Therefore, it is prudent to develop strategies that can be used during nebulized treatment to minimize the emission of fugitive aerosols, these comprising bioaerosols exhaled by infected individuals and medical aerosols generated by the device that also may be contaminated. This is particularly relevant for patient care in the context of a highly transmissible virus. RESEARCH QUESTION How can potential risks of infections during nebulization be mitigated? STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS The COPD Foundation Nebulizer Consortium (CNC) was formed in 2020 to address uncertainties surrounding administration of nebulized medication. The CNC is an international, multidisciplinary collaboration of patient advocates, pulmonary physicians, critical care physicians, respiratory therapists, clinical scientists, and pharmacists from research centers, medical centers, professional societies, industry, and government agencies. The CNC developed this expert guidance to inform the safe use of nebulized therapies for patients and providers and to answer key questions surrounding medication delivery with nebulizers during pandemics or when exposure to common respiratory pathogens is anticipated. RESULTS CNC members reviewed literature and guidelines regarding nebulization and developed two sets of guidance statements: one for the health care setting and one for the home environment. INTERPRETATION Future studies need to explore the risk of disease transmission with fugitive aerosols associated with different nebulizer types in real patient care situations and to evaluate the effectiveness of mitigation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac N Biney
- University Pulmonary and Critical Care, The University of Tennessee Graduate School of Medicine, Knoxville, TN.
| | - Arzu Ari
- Department of Respiratory Care and Texas State Sleep Center, Texas State University, Round Rock, TX
| | - Igor Z Barjaktarevic
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles Health Sciences, Los Angeles, CA; Division of Liver and Pancreas Transplantation, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles Health Sciences, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Brian Carlin
- Sleep Medicine and Lung Health Consultants LLC, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - David C Christiani
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA; Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | | | - M Bradley Drummond
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases and Critical Care Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | | | | | | | - Jie Li
- Rush University, Chicago, IL
| | - Donald A Mahler
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH; Valley Regional Hospital, Claremont, NH
| | | | - Jill Ohar
- Bowman Gray Center for Medical Education, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Lewis J Radonovich
- Respiratory Health Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV
| | - Akshay Sood
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM
| | | | | | - Donald Tashkin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles Health Sciences, Los Angeles, CA
| | | | - Lisa Cambridge
- Medical Science & Pharmaceutical Alliances, PARI, Inc., Midlothian, VA
| | | | | | - Rajiv Dhand
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Graduate School of Medicine, Knoxville, TN
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Radu S, Zarinafsar S, Ryan GW, Chainani S, Becker S, Arenas J, Spano MA, Shillan HN, Hoque S, Sadasivam R, Pbert L, Luther J, Trivedi MK. Participant Perspectives on the Implementation of a School-Linked Text-Message Intervention to Improve Pediatric Asthma Medication Adherence. Pediatr Allergy Immunol Pulmonol 2024; 37:13-21. [PMID: 38324020 PMCID: PMC10951618 DOI: 10.1089/ped.2023.0093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Background: Poor adherence to inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) is a significant challenge in pediatric asthma, contributing to health inequities. Text-message reminders for ICS therapy are an evidence-based approach that improves pediatric asthma medication adherence, yet has not been widely adopted into practice, partly due to lack of (1) participant input on design and implementation and (2) use of sustainable community linkages. Remote Asthma Link™ (RAL) seeks to fill this gap as a school-linked text-message intervention wherein parents of children with poorly controlled asthma received daily, 2-way text-message reminders for preventive inhaler use. Responses were shared with school nurses who conducted remote check-ins with families. Enrolled children, largely from underserved backgrounds, experienced improvements in medication adherence and asthma health outcomes. While initial results were promising, we have yet to elicit participant input to refine the protocol for more widespread implementation. Objective: Examine participant perspectives on barriers and facilitators of RAL implementation. Methods: Semistructured interviews were conducted May-June 2022 with intervention participants: 10 parents, 7 school nurses, and 4 pediatric providers (n = 21) until thematic saturation was reached. Interview transcripts were coded using thematic analysis. Results: Several facilitators for RAL implementation were identified, including ease of use and accessibility, personal connection to the school nurse, and receipt of a visual notification for habit formation. Barriers included challenges with school nurses reaching parents, poor understanding of program expectations, and lack of reimbursement structure. Participant-proposed solutions to barriers included utilizing alternate communication methods (eg, social media), educational sessions, and meeting with payors to consider reimbursement models. Conclusion: RAL is a school-linked text-message intervention demonstrating promise in improving outcomes and equity in asthma care. Key implementation facilitators, barriers, and proposed solutions will inform protocol adaptations to promote successful implementation of this and other text-message interventions into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Radu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sheerin Zarinafsar
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Grace W. Ryan
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences; Department of Pediatrics; University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sanjay Chainani
- Department of Internal Medicine; Department of Pediatrics; University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sarah Becker
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Juliana Arenas
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Michelle A. Spano
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics; University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Holly N. Shillan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Shushmita Hoque
- Department of Internal Medicine; Department of Pediatrics; University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rajani Sadasivam
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences; Department of Pediatrics; University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lori Pbert
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences; Department of Pediatrics; University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Janki Luther
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Michelle K. Trivedi
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences; Department of Pediatrics; University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics; University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
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32
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Chweich H, Idrees N, Rideout J, Barnewolt B, Rice L, Hill NS. Randomized Controlled Trial Assessing a Vibrating Mesh Nebulizer Compared to a Jet Nebulizer in Severe Asthma Exacerbations. Respir Care 2024; 69:345-348. [PMID: 37816543 PMCID: PMC10984592 DOI: 10.4187/respcare.10980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Haval Chweich
- Drs Chweich and Hill are affiliated with Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Internal Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts. Dr Idrees is affiliated with Division of Nephrology, Internal Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts. Drs Rideout, Barnewolt, and Rice are affiliated with Department of Emergency Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Najia Idrees
- Drs Chweich and Hill are affiliated with Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Internal Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts. Dr Idrees is affiliated with Division of Nephrology, Internal Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts. Drs Rideout, Barnewolt, and Rice are affiliated with Department of Emergency Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jesse Rideout
- Drs Chweich and Hill are affiliated with Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Internal Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts. Dr Idrees is affiliated with Division of Nephrology, Internal Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts. Drs Rideout, Barnewolt, and Rice are affiliated with Department of Emergency Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Brien Barnewolt
- Drs Chweich and Hill are affiliated with Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Internal Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts. Dr Idrees is affiliated with Division of Nephrology, Internal Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts. Drs Rideout, Barnewolt, and Rice are affiliated with Department of Emergency Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lauren Rice
- Drs Chweich and Hill are affiliated with Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Internal Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts. Dr Idrees is affiliated with Division of Nephrology, Internal Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts. Drs Rideout, Barnewolt, and Rice are affiliated with Department of Emergency Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nicholas S Hill
- Drs Chweich and Hill are affiliated with Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Internal Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts. Dr Idrees is affiliated with Division of Nephrology, Internal Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts. Drs Rideout, Barnewolt, and Rice are affiliated with Department of Emergency Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts.
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Guzenda W, Żabiński J, Plewka B, Byliniak M, Przymuszała P, Dąbrowiecki P, Michalak M, Waszyk-Nowaczyk M. Inhaler use technique course: an effective postgraduate training solution for pharmacists to enhance therapeutic outcomes as part of patient education. BMC Med Educ 2024; 24:153. [PMID: 38374024 PMCID: PMC10875814 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-024-05129-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease could benefit from education on using inhalers provided by pharmacists. However, pharmacists may have limited competencies, indicating the necessity to implement appropriate postgraduate courses. The study aimed to evaluate an inhaler use course for pharmacists, including its impact on participants' knowledge and satisfaction. METHODS The study involved 261 pharmacists from community pharmacies and was conducted between September 2019 and March 2021. A pre-post analysis of their knowledge of the topic was applied. Additionally, at the beginning of the course, participants were asked about their educational needs, and at the end, they completed a satisfaction survey. The preferred learning formats indicated by participants were interactive workshops and lectures. RESULTS As a result of the course, both their actual and self-assessed level of knowledge significantly increased. The percentage of correct answers in the test before the training was 24.4%, while after, it was 84.3% (p < 0.0001). Before the course, their average self-assessed level of knowledge was 52.0%, and after the training, it increased to 90.0% (p < 0.0001). Almost all respondents stated that the course met their expectations. They estimated their satisfaction at 94.0% and the usefulness of the provided information at 98.0%. CONCLUSIONS Improved preparation of pharmacists resulting from their participation in the course can contribute to providing more professional advice to patients, thereby positively influencing the pharmaceutical care process in community pharmacies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weronika Guzenda
- Pharmacy Practice and Pharmaceutical Care Division, Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Technology , Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 3 Rokietnicka Street, 60-806, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Jerzy Żabiński
- Department of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha Street, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
- Mazovian Pharmaceutical Chamber, 01-882, Żeromskiego 77/6 Street, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Beata Plewka
- Pharmacy Practice and Pharmaceutical Care Division, Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Technology , Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 3 Rokietnicka Street, 60-806, Poznan, Poland
| | | | - Piotr Przymuszała
- Department of Medical Education, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 7 Rokietnicka Street, 60- 806, Poznan, Poland
| | - Piotr Dąbrowiecki
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Allergology, Military Institute of Medicine, 128 Szaserów Street, 04-141, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Michalak
- Chair and Department of Computer Science and Statistics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 7 Rokietnicka Street, 60-806, Poznan, Poland
| | - Magdalena Waszyk-Nowaczyk
- Pharmacy Practice and Pharmaceutical Care Division, Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Technology , Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 3 Rokietnicka Street, 60-806, Poznan, Poland
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Thalberg K, Matilainen L, Heinonen E, Eriksson P, Husman-Piirainen J, Autio M, Lyberg AM, Göransson S, Kirjavainen M, Lähelmä S. Mixing energy as an adjustment tool for aerodynamic behaviour of an inhaled product: In-vitro and in-vivo effects. Int J Pharm 2024; 651:123755. [PMID: 38163524 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
This paper describes the development of a fixed dose dry powder combination of indacaterol maleate (Inda) and glycopyrronium bromide (Glyco) in Easyhaler® inhaler for a comparative pharmacokinetic (PK) study, as well as the outcome of such a study. The development aim was to produce formulations with three different in vitro dispersibility profiles for both Inda and Glyco. This so-called 'rake' approach allows for quantitation of the candidate formulations relative to the reference product Ultibro® Breezhaler® in terms of the key PK parameters. Three formulations (A, B and C) were produced based on the mixing energy concept. For both APIs, formulation A (lowest mixing energy) displayed the highest fine particle fractions and formulation C (highest mixing energy) the lowest. GMP manufacturing confirmed the performance of the three formulations. The candidate formulations were tested against the reference product in a single dose PK study in healthy volunteers. Clear differences in Inda plasma concentration profiles were observed between the treatments when administered concomitantly with charcoal, with Easyhaler A showing the highest Cmax value and Easyhaler C the lowest. Easyhaler B was bioequivalent to Ultibro Breezhaler with regard to the primary PK parameters of Inda, Cmax and AUC72h. For Glyco, Easyhaler formulations A, B and C provided lower peak concentrations than Ultibro Breezhaler. For AUC72h of Glyco, Easyhaler B was bioequivalent to the reference product. Additional measures for adjustment of formulation performance can be foreseen, whose effects can be predicted based on mixing energy theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyrre Thalberg
- Dept of Food Technology, Engineering and Nutrition, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Emmace Consulting AB, Lund, Sweden.
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35
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Yousry C, Goyal M, Gupta V. Excipients for Novel Inhaled Dosage Forms: An Overview. AAPS PharmSciTech 2024; 25:36. [PMID: 38356031 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-024-02741-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary drug delivery is a form of local targeting to the lungs in patients with respiratory disorders like cystic fibrosis, pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), asthma, chronic pulmonary infections, and lung cancer. In addition, noninvasive pulmonary delivery also presents an attractive alternative to systemically administered therapeutics, not only for localized respiratory disorders but also for systemic absorption. Pulmonary delivery offers the advantages of a relatively low dose, low incidence of systemic side effects, and rapid onset of action for some drugs compared to other systemic administration routes. While promising, inhaled delivery of therapeutics is often complex owing to factors encompassing mechanical barriers, chemical barriers, selection of inhalation device, and limited choice of dosage form excipients. There are very few excipients that are approved by the FDA for use in developing inhaled drug products. Depending upon the dosage form, and inhalation devices such as pMDIs, DPIs, and nebulizers, different excipients can be used to provide physical and chemical stability and to deliver the dose efficiently to the lungs. This review article focuses on discussing a variety of excipients that have been used in novel inhaled dosage forms as well as inhalation devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol Yousry
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, New York, 11439, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Newgiza University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mimansa Goyal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, New York, 11439, USA
| | - Vivek Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, New York, 11439, USA.
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36
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Melani AS, Croce S, Fabbri G, Messina M, Bargagli E. Inhaled Corticosteroids in Subjects with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: An Old, Unfinished History. Biomolecules 2024; 14:195. [PMID: 38397432 PMCID: PMC10887366 DOI: 10.3390/biom14020195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the major causes of disability and death. Maintenance use of inhaled bronchodilator(s) is the cornerstone of COPD pharmacological therapy, but inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) are also commonly used. This narrative paper reviews the role of ICSs as maintenance treatment in combination with bronchodilators, usually in a single inhaler, in stable COPD subjects. The guidelines strongly recommend the addition of an ICS in COPD subjects with a history of concomitant asthma or as a step-up on the top of dual bronchodilators in the presence of hospitalization for exacerbation or at least two moderate exacerbations per year plus high blood eosinophil counts (≥300/mcl). This indication would only involve some COPD subjects. In contrast, in real life, triple inhaled therapy is largely used in COPD, independently of symptoms and in the presence of exacerbations. We will discuss the results of recent randomized controlled trials that found reduced all-cause mortality with triple inhaled therapy compared with dual inhaled long-acting bronchodilator therapy. ICS use is frequently associated with common local adverse events, such as dysphonia, oral candidiasis, and increased risk of pneumonia. Other side effects, such as systemic toxicity and unfavorable changes in the lung microbiome, are suspected mainly at higher doses of ICS in elderly COPD subjects with comorbidities, even if not fully demonstrated. We conclude that, contrary to real life, the use of ICS should be carefully evaluated in stable COPD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea S. Melani
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (S.C.); (G.F.); (M.M.); (E.B.)
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37
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Ojanperä L, Lehtimäki L, Kelemen B, Csonka P. Salbutamol delivery in small children: Effect of valved holding chamber and breathing patterns. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2024; 12:509-511.e3. [PMID: 37979688 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2023.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Ojanperä
- Centre for Child Health Research, Tampere University and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.
| | - Lauri Lehtimäki
- Allergy Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland; Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Balázs Kelemen
- Centre for Child Health Research, Tampere University and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Péter Csonka
- Centre for Child Health Research, Tampere University and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland; Department of Pediatrics, Terveystalo Healthcare, Tampere, Finland.
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38
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Dashti F, Gregory I. Comparative effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies for adolescents and adults with asthma. Clin Exp Allergy 2024; 54:90-92. [PMID: 38353126 DOI: 10.1111/cea.14458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Fares Dashti
- North Middlesex University Hospital NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Ian Gregory
- North Middlesex University Hospital NHS Trust, London, UK
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39
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van Boven JFM, Kocks JWH, Dierick BJH. Digital Inhaler Implementation in Daily Asthma Management: Who, When, and How? J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2024; 12:396-398. [PMID: 38336396 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2023.12.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Job F M van Boven
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Groningen, The Netherlands; Medication Adherence Expertise Center of the northern Netherlands (MAECON), Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Janwillem W H Kocks
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Groningen, The Netherlands; Medication Adherence Expertise Center of the northern Netherlands (MAECON), Groningen, The Netherlands; General Practitioners Research Institute, Groningen, The Netherlands; Observational and Pragmatic Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Pulmonary Diseases and Tuberculosis, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Boudewijn J H Dierick
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Groningen, The Netherlands
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40
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Capstick TGD, Gudimetla S, Harris DS, Malone R, Usmani OS. Demystifying Dry Powder Inhaler Resistance with Relevance to Optimal Patient Care. Clin Drug Investig 2024; 44:109-114. [PMID: 38198116 PMCID: PMC10834657 DOI: 10.1007/s40261-023-01330-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
The selection of an inhaler device is a key component of respiratory disease management. However, there is a lack of clarity surrounding inhaler resistance and how it impacts inhaler selection. The most common inhaler types are dry powder inhalers (DPIs) that have internal resistance and pressurised metered dose inhalers (pMDIs) that use propellants to deliver the drug dose to the airways. Inhaler resistance varies across the DPIs available on the market, depending largely on the design geometry of the device but also partially on formulation parameters. Factors influencing inhaler choice include measures such as flow rate or pressure drop as well as inhaler technique and patient preference, both of which can lead to improved adherence and outcomes. For optimal disease outcomes, device selection should be individualised, inhaler technique optimised and patient preference considered. By addressing the common clinically relevant questions, this paper aims to demystify how DPI resistance should guide the selection of the right device for the right patient.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Omar S Usmani
- National Heart and Lung Institute (NHLI), Imperial College London, London, Guy Scadding Building, Dovehouse Street, London, SW3 6LY, UK.
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41
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Phan ADT, Ngo TKC, Le CV, Nguyen PBN, Nguyen-Thi-Y N, Vo THP. Effect of Pharmacist-Led Training on Adherence and Practice of Inhaler Use: A Pre-Post Interventional Study in Outpatients With Asthma at Hue University Hospital. Sr Care Pharm 2024; 39:78-86. [PMID: 38263565 DOI: 10.4140/tcp.n.2024.78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to evaluate the impact of a pharmacist-led intervention on improving adherence and practice of inhaler use in outpatients with asthma at a hospital in Vietnam. Methods A pre-post interventional study was conducted at Hue University Hospital. An adapted checklist for both metered-dose inhalers and/or dry powder inhalers was used to evaluate the inhaler technique. Adherence was assessed by using the Test of Adherence to Inhalers questionnaire. The means of interventions comprised "Face-to-face training," "Creating the leaflet for patients," and "Watching guidance video." Results The number of participants with complete data was 79. Before the intervention, 54.4% of patients had misused inhalers, especially inappropriate posture when using devices (70.2%) and not exhaling before inhalation (46.8%). Non-adherence accounted for 55.7% of patients, and the erratic pattern was the highest, with 83.5%. The intervention had remarkably raised the number of good practice and good adherence patients after three months (P < 0.001). Conclusion Pharmacist-led intervention has a positive impact on improving the adherence to inhalers and inhalation techniques of patients with asthma. Practice Implications The pharmacist-led education model could be considered as an effective and feasible solution for asthma management in outpatients and better medication use. Key Points (1) The most frequently observed mistakes in this study were inappropriate posture and inhalation skill when using devices. (2) Pharmacist-led training remarkably improved patients' practice of inhaler use as well as medication adherence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thi Kim Cuc Ngo
- 1 Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue, Vietnam
| | - Chi Van Le
- 1 Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue, Vietnam
| | | | - Nhi Nguyen-Thi-Y
- 1 Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue, Vietnam
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Juliá Benito JC, Moreno-Galarraga L, Bragado Alcaraz E, Asensi Monzó MT, Ortega Casanueva C, Moral L, Rodríguez Fernández-Oliva CR, Sanz Ortega J, Valdesoiro Navarrete L. Inhaled medications and inhalation chambers for childhood asthma. Spanish network of working groups on asthma in pediatrics (REGAP). An Pediatr (Barc) 2024; 100:123-131. [PMID: 38326156 DOI: 10.1016/j.anpede.2024.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Asthma, the most prevalent chronic disease in pediatric age, continues to pose challenges in its management and treatment. National and international guidelines emphasize the importance of therapeutic education (TE) to achieve disease control. TE involves imparting knowledge and skills to the patient and their family, enhancing medication adherence, rectifying errors in inhalation technique, and tailoring treatment based on individual patient characteristics. It is essential for TE to be progressive, gradual, and personalized, spanning all levels of care. Training healthcare professionals in TE is crucial, particularly for pediatricians, who must also be aware of the extensive variability of available meds and inhalers and their respective age-specific indications. Addressing this need, the REGAP Group extensively reviewed inhalers currently available in Spain for pediatric asthma treatment. The review encompassed different inhalation systems and inhaled drugs used for pediatric asthma treatment. This review will be updated annually, providing information on medications, devices, inhalation chambers, indications, and financiation. The REGAP Group hopes that these tables will be a valuable help for pediatricians in their daily clinical practice and serve as an effective TE tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Juliá Benito
- Centro de Salud República Argentina, Valencia, Spain; Unidad de Alergia y Neumología Pediátrica, Hospital IMED, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Laura Moreno-Galarraga
- Neumología Infantil, Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Universitario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Esther Bragado Alcaraz
- Unidad de Neumología y Alergia Pediátrica, Hospital Universitario Santa Lucia, Cartagena, Spain
| | | | | | - Luis Moral
- Unidad de Alergología y Neumología Pediátrica, Hospital General Universitario, Alicante, Spain
| | | | | | - Laura Valdesoiro Navarrete
- Unidad de Alergia, Neumología Pediátrica y Fibrosis Quística, Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Universitario Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain
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Canto Mangana J, Schilder KA, Bretones‐Pedrinaci JI, Blesa ARM, de Medina FS, Martínez‐Augustin O, Daddaoua A. A perspective current and past modes of inhalation therapy. Microb Biotechnol 2024; 17:e14419. [PMID: 38387963 PMCID: PMC10883785 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Inhalation is the preferred route of delivery for anti-asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) drugs. The use of this route has demonstrated efficacy in these and other conditions, it offers rapid onset of action, and is associated with minimal systemic exposure, thereby reducing the risk of adverse effects. Therefore, the current brief covers an interesting collection of inhaler action modes, shedding light on their molecular mechanisms and clinical applications for anti-asthma, COPD and antibacterial inhalation therapy. Hence, not only enriches our understanding of inhalation therapy molecular intricacies but also provides a comprehensive overview of the evolving landscape in clinical and antibacterial inhalation therapy. In doing so, it underscores the pivotal role of microbiology and biotechnology in advancing therapeutic approaches that harness the power of inhalation.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Canto Mangana
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Pharmacy SchoolUniversity of GranadaGranadaSpain
- Pharmacy ServicesA.S. Hospital de Poniente de AlmeríaAlmeríaSpain
| | - Kelsey Aguirre Schilder
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Pharmacy SchoolUniversity of GranadaGranadaSpain
| | | | - Ana Rosa Márquez Blesa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Pharmacy SchoolUniversity of GranadaGranadaSpain
| | - Fermín Sánchez de Medina
- Department of Pharmacology, School of PharmacyUniversity of GranadaGranadaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd)MadridSpain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (IBS)GranadaSpain
| | - Olga Martínez‐Augustin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Pharmacy SchoolUniversity of GranadaGranadaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd)MadridSpain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (IBS)GranadaSpain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology ‘José Mataix’, Center of Biomedical ResearchUniversity of GranadaGranadaSpain
| | - Abdelali Daddaoua
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Pharmacy SchoolUniversity of GranadaGranadaSpain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (IBS)GranadaSpain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology ‘José Mataix’, Center of Biomedical ResearchUniversity of GranadaGranadaSpain
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Wang JW, Yu CH, Hou WC, Hsiao TC, Lin YP. Characterization of Fe-Containing and Pb-Containing Nanoparticles Resulting from Corrosion of Plumbing Materials in Tap Water Using a Hyphenated ATM-DMA-spICP-MS System. Environ Sci Technol 2024; 58:2038-2047. [PMID: 38241248 PMCID: PMC10832032 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c07592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Single-particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (spICP-MS) has been used to characterize metallic nanoparticles (NPs) assuming that all NPs are spherical and composed of pure element. However, environmental NPs generally do not meet these criteria, suggesting that spICP-MS may underestimate their true sizes. This study employed a system hyphenating the atomizer (ATM), differential mobility analyzer (DMA), and spICP-MS to characterize metallic NPs in tap water. Its performance was validated by using reference Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) and Ag-shelled AuNPs. The hyphenated system can determine the actual size and metal composition of both NPs with additional heating after ATM, while stand-alone spICP-MS misidentified the Ag-shelled AuNPs as smaller individual AgNPs and AuNPs. Dissolved metal ions could introduce artifact NPs after heating but could be eliminated by centrifugation. The hyphenated system was applied to characterize Fe-containing and Pb-containing NPs resulting from the corrosion of plumbing materials in tap water. The mode sizes of Fe-containing and Pb-containing NPs were determined to be 110 and 100 nm and the particle number concentrations were determined to be 4.99 × 107 and 1.40 × 106 #/mL, respectively. Cautions should be paid to potential changes in particle size induced by heating for metallic NPs with a low melting point or a high organic content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Wen Wang
- Graduate
Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hung Yu
- Graduate
Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Che Hou
- Department
of Environmental Engineering, National Cheng
Kung University, No. 1 University Road, Tainan City 70101, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Chih Hsiao
- Graduate
Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Pin Lin
- Graduate
Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- NTU
Research Center for Future Earth, National
Taiwan University, No.
1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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Arunsurat I, Rittayamai N, Chuaychoo B, Tangchityongsiva S, Promsarn S, Yuenyong S, Chow CW, Brochard L. Bronchodilator Efficacy of High-Flow Nasal Cannula in COPD: Vibrating Mesh Nebulizer Versus Jet Nebulizer. Respir Care 2024; 69:157-165. [PMID: 37607815 PMCID: PMC10898469 DOI: 10.4187/respcare.11139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Jet nebulizers are commonly used for bronchodilator therapy in COPD. High-flow nasal cannula with vibrating mesh nebulizer (HFNC-VMN) is a recently developed system; however, few studies have compared the efficacy of bronchodilator administration via HFNC-VMN to jet nebulizer in stable COPD. This study aimed to compare the effect of salbutamol administered via HFNC-VMN versus jet nebulizer on airway and lung function in subjects with stable COPD. METHODS This randomized non-inferiority crossover physiologic study enrolled subjects with stable COPD. Salbutamol was nebulized via HFNC-VMN or jet nebulizer in random order with a 4-h washout period between crossover sequences. Spirometry, lung volume, and impulse oscillometry were performed at baseline and after each intervention. The primary outcome was change in FEV1 from baseline. Secondary outcomes included changes in other respiratory-related parameters and nebulization time compared between the 2 devices. RESULTS Seventeen subjects were enrolled. HFNC-VMN and jet nebulizer both significantly improved FEV1 from baseline (P = .005 and P = .002, respectively). The difference between respiratory resistance at 5 Hz and 20 Hz significantly decreased after HFNC-VMN compared to baseline (P = .02), while no significant change was observed after jet nebulizer (P = .056). Area of reactance and resonant frequency of reactance were both significantly decreased (P = .035 and P = .03, respectively), and respiratory reactance at 5 Hz significantly increased (P = .02) in the HFNC-VMN group compared to baseline indicating improved lung mechanics, with no significant changes with the jet nebulizer. HFNC-VMN had a shorter nebulization time (6 [5-9] min vs 20 [16-22] min, respectively, P < .001). CONCLUSIONS Bronchodilator therapy via HFNC-VMN was not inferior to jet nebulizer for subjects with stable COPD and can significantly improve airway oscillometry mechanics and decrease nebulization time compared to jet nebulizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itthiphat Arunsurat
- Division of Respiratory Diseases and Tuberculosis, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nuttapol Rittayamai
- Division of Respiratory Diseases and Tuberculosis, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Benjamas Chuaychoo
- Division of Respiratory Diseases and Tuberculosis, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Suwat Tangchityongsiva
- Division of Respiratory Diseases and Tuberculosis, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Simaporn Promsarn
- Division of Respiratory Diseases and Tuberculosis, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Somruthai Yuenyong
- Division of Respiratory Diseases and Tuberculosis, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chung-Wai Chow
- Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and Toronto Lung Transplant Programme, Multi-Organ Transplant Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Laurent Brochard
- Keenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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46
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Kim EK, Lee E, Park JE, Lee JS, Choi HS, Park B, Sheen SS, Park KJ, Rhee CK, Lee SY, Yoo KH, Park JH. Cardiovascular Events According to Inhaler Therapy and Comorbidities in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2024; 19:243-254. [PMID: 38269030 PMCID: PMC10806337 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s433583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background COPD coexists with many concurrent comorbidities. Cardiovascular complications are deemed to be major causes of death in COPD. Although inhaler therapy is the main therapeutic intervention in COPD, cardiovascular events accompanying inhaler therapy require further investigation. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate new development of cardiovascular events according to each inhaler therapy and comorbidities. Methods This study analyzed COPD patients (age ≥ 40 years, N = 199,772) from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA) database in Korea. The development of cardiovascular events, from the index date to December 31, 2020, was investigated. The cohort was eventually divided into three arms: the LAMA/LABA group (N = 28,322), the ICS/LABA group (N = 11,812), and the triple group (LAMA/ICS/LABA therapy, N = 6174). Results Multivariable Cox analyses demonstrated that, compared to ICS/LABA therapy, triple therapy was independently associated with the development of ischemic heart disease (HR: 1.22, 95% CI: 1.04-1.43), heart failure (HR: 1.45, 95% CI: 1.14-1.84), arrhythmia (HR: 1.72, 95% CI: 1.41-2.09), and atrial fibrillation/flutter (HR: 2.31, 95% CI: 1.64-3.25), whereas the LAMA/LABA therapy did not show a significant association. Furthermore, emergency room visit during covariate assessment window was independently associated with the development of ischemic heart disease, heart failure, arrhythmia, and atrial fibrillation/flutter (p < 0.05). Conclusion Our data suggest that cardiovascular risk should be considered in COPD patients receiving triple therapy, despite the confounding bias resulting from disparities in each group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Kyung Kim
- Department of Pulmonology, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunyoung Lee
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School at UTHealth, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ji Eun Park
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Seung Lee
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Sook Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bumhee Park
- Office of Biostatistics, Medical Research Collaborating Center, Ajou Research Institute for Innovative Medicine, Ajou University Medical Center, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Soo Sheen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Joo Park
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chin Kook Rhee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Yeub Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Ha Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Hun Park
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
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47
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Beeh KM, Scheithe K, Schmutzler H, Krüger S. Real-World Effectiveness of Fluticasone Furoate/Umeclidinium/Vilanterol Once-Daily Single-Inhaler Triple Therapy for Symptomatic COPD: The ELLITHE Non-Interventional Trial. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2024; 19:205-216. [PMID: 38249826 PMCID: PMC10800114 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s427770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Real-life effectiveness data on once-daily single-inhaler triple therapy (odSITT) with the inhaled corticosteroid fluticasone furoate (FF), the long-acting muscarinic antagonist umeclidinium (UMEC), and the long-acting β2-agonist vilanterol (VI) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are important to complement evidence from well-controlled randomized clinical trials. Effectiveness of odSITT was quantified by assessing health status and symptoms in usual care. Patients and Methods ELLITHE was a single-country (Germany), multicenter, open-label, non-interventional effectiveness study between 2020 and 2022, evaluating the effect of treatment initiation with FF/UMEC/VI 100/62.5/25 µg once-daily via the ELLIPTA inhaler on improvements in clinical outcomes versus baseline in COPD patients. The primary endpoint was the change in the total COPD Assessment Test (CAT) score between baseline and month 12. Key secondary endpoints included change in CAT score over time, occurrence of exacerbations until month 12, changes in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), inhaler adherence, and safety. Results Nine hundred and six patients were included (age 66.6 years, 55.6% male, mean FEV1 52.6% of predicted, mean CAT 21.5 units, 1.4 exacerbations/year pre-study). About 63.9% of patients were escalated from dual therapies, and 18% were switched from multiple-inhaler triple therapies. Reductions in CAT score at month 12 were statistically significant and above the threshold of clinical importance (-2.6 units; p < 0.0001). CAT score also improved at interim visits. CAT improvements were more pronounced in patients with high baseline scores and better inhaler adherence. Exacerbations during follow-up were rare (0.2 events/year) compared to pre-study (1.4 events/year). FEV1 was improved by 93 mL (p < 0.0001). No new safety effects were observed. Conclusion In usual care, treatment with odSITT resulted in significant and clinically relevant improvements of CAT score and FEV1 in COPD patients, regardless of the occurrence of exacerbations. These findings challenge the current guideline recommendations for SITT only in patients experiencing exacerbations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karl Scheithe
- Department of Biostatistics, GKM Gesellschaft Für Therapieforschung mbH, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Saskia Krüger
- Medical Department, BERLIN-CHEMIE AG, Berlin, Germany
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48
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Cabrerizo-Carreño H, Muñoz-Esquerre M, Santos Pérez S, Romero-Ortiz AM, Fabrellas N, Guix-Comellas EM. Impact of the implementation of a telemedicine program on patients diagnosed with asthma. BMC Pulm Med 2024; 24:32. [PMID: 38216971 PMCID: PMC10787462 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-024-02843-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma is one of the most common respiratory ailments worldwide. Despite broad understanding of the illness and of the available therapeutic options for it, patients with serious asthma suffer poor monitoring of their illness in 50% of cases. AIM To assess the impact of the implementation of a mobile application (ESTOI) to control asthma in patients diagnosed with the illness, their adherence to treatment, and their perceived quality of life. METHODOLOGY Randomized clinical trial with 52 weeks' follow-up of patients with asthma seen in a specialized hospital for their treatment in Spain. Some 108 included patients will be divided into two groups. The intervention group will undergo more exhaustive follow-up than normal, including access to the ESTOI application, which will have various categories of attention: control of symptoms, health recommendations, current treatment and personalized action plan, PEF record, nutritional plan, and chat access with a medical team. The asthma control questionnaire ACT is the main assessment variable. Other variables to be studied include an adherence test for the use of inhalers (TAI), the number of exacerbations, maximum exhalation flow, exhaled nitric oxide test, hospital anxiety and depression scale, asthma quality-of-life questionnaire, forced spirometry parameters (FVC, FEV1, and PBD), and analytic parameters (eosinophilia and IGE). The data will be collected during outpatient visits. TRIAL REGISTRATION This trial has registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier: NCT06116292).
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Affiliation(s)
- Héctor Cabrerizo-Carreño
- Bellvitge University Hospital, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalunya, ES, Spain
- Department of Fundamental and Medico-Surgical Nursing, Nursing School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalunya, ES, Spain
- Pneumology Research Group, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalunya, ES, Spain
| | - Mariana Muñoz-Esquerre
- Bellvitge University Hospital, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalunya, ES, Spain.
- Pneumology Research Group, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalunya, ES, Spain.
- Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalunya, ES, Spain.
| | - Salud Santos Pérez
- Bellvitge University Hospital, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalunya, ES, Spain
- Pneumology Research Group, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalunya, ES, Spain
- Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalunya, ES, Spain
| | - Ana Maria Romero-Ortiz
- Bellvitge University Hospital, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalunya, ES, Spain
| | - Núria Fabrellas
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalunya, ES, Spain
- Nursing Research Group, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalunya, ES, Spain
| | - Eva Maria Guix-Comellas
- Department of Fundamental and Medico-Surgical Nursing, Nursing School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalunya, ES, Spain
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Bogart M, Bengtson LGS, Johnson MG, Bunner SH, Gronroos NN, DiRocco KK. Outcomes Following Initiation of Triple Therapy with Fluticasone Furoate/Umeclidinium/Vilanterol versus Multiple-Inhaler Triple Therapy Among Medicare Advantage with Part D Beneficiaries and Those Commercially Enrolled for Health Care Insurance in the United States. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2024; 19:97-110. [PMID: 38226396 PMCID: PMC10789573 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s424497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have been shown to benefit from triple therapy commonly delivered by multiple-inhaler triple therapy (MITT); however, the complexity of MITT regimens may decrease patient adherence. Fluticasone furoate/umeclidinium/vilanterol (FF/UMEC/VI), a once-daily single-inhaler triple therapy (SITT), became available in the United States (US) in 2017, but real-world data comparing outcomes for SITT versus MITT are currently limited. This study compared outcomes among patients with COPD initiating MITT versus SITT with FF/UMEC/VI who were either Medicare Advantage with Part D (MAPD) beneficiaries or commercial enrollees in the US. Methods Retrospective study using administrative claims data from the Optum Research Database for patients with COPD who initiated FF/UMEC/VI or MITT between September 1, 2017, and March 31, 2019 (index date: first pharmacy claim for FF/UMEC/VI cohort; earliest day of ≥30 consecutive days-long period of overlap in the day's supply of all triple therapy components for MITT cohort). COPD exacerbations, adherence to triple therapy, and all-cause and COPD-related health care resource utilization (HCRU) and costs were compared between FF/UMEC/VI and MITT initiators. Results In total, 4659 FF/UMEC/VI initiators and 9845 MITT initiators for the MAPD population, and 821 FF/UMEC/VI initiators and 1893 MITT initiators for the commercial population were included in the study. MAPD beneficiaries initiating FF/UMEC/VI had a significantly lower annual rate of severe exacerbations compared to MITT initiators (0.26 vs 0.29; p=0.014). They also had a significantly higher mean adherence (proportion of days covered) (0.51 vs 0.37; p<0.001) and significantly lower all-cause and COPD-related inpatient stays compared to MITT initiators ([32.02% vs 34.27%; p=0.017], [16.09% vs 17.72%; p=0.037]). Trends were similar among the commercial population, but the results were not statistically significant. Conclusion FF/UMEC/VI initiators had significantly fewer severe exacerbations, higher triple therapy adherence, and lower HCRU costs compared to MITT initiators for MAPD beneficiaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Bogart
- US Value Evidence & Outcomes, R&D US, GSK, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | | | - Mary G Johnson
- Health Economics and Outcomes Research, Optum, Eden Prairie, MN, USA
| | - Scott H Bunner
- Health Economics and Outcomes Research, Optum, Eden Prairie, MN, USA
| | - Noelle N Gronroos
- Health Economics and Outcomes Research, Optum, Eden Prairie, MN, USA
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50
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Riesco Miranda JA, Calle Rubio M, Díaz Pérez D, López-Campos JL, Trigueros Carrero JA, Celli B. Efficacy and Safety of Single-inhaler Triple Therapy Containing Dual Bronchodilator With Corticosteroids Compared to Monotherapy, Dual Therapy, or Open Triple Therapy in Moderate/Severe COPD: A Systematic Literature Review. Arch Bronconeumol 2024; 60:55-58. [PMID: 37985278 DOI: 10.1016/j.arbres.2023.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Myriam Calle Rubio
- Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Díaz Pérez
- Servicio de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Jose Luis López-Campos
- Unidad Médico-Quirúrgica de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | | | - Bartolomé Celli
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard University Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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