1
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Meekel EG, Nicholas TC, Slater B, Goodwin AL. Torsional flexibility in zinc-benzenedicarboxylate metal-organic frameworks. CrystEngComm 2024; 26:673-680. [PMID: 38293003 PMCID: PMC10823780 DOI: 10.1039/d3ce01078c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
We explore the role and nature of torsional flexibility of carboxylate-benzene links in the structural chemistry of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) based on Zn and benzenedicarboxlyate (bdc) linkers. A particular motivation is to understand the extent to which such flexibility is important in stabilising the unusual topologically aperiodic phase known as TRUMOF-1. We compare the torsion angle distributions of TRUMOF-1 models with those for crystalline Zn/1,3-bdc MOFs, including a number of new materials whose structures we report here. We find that both periodic and aperiodic Zn/1,3-bdc MOFs sample a similar range of torsion angles, and hence the formation of TRUMOF-1 does not require any additional flexibility beyond that already evident in chemically-related crystalline phases. Comparison with Zn/1,4-bdc MOFs does show, however, that the lower symmetry of the 1,3-bdc linker allows access to a broader range of torsion angles, reflecting a greater flexibility of this linker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily G Meekel
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory South Parks Road Oxford OX1 3QR UK
| | | | - Ben Slater
- Department of Chemistry, University College London 20 Gordon Street London WC1H 0AJ UK
| | - Andrew L Goodwin
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory South Parks Road Oxford OX1 3QR UK
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2
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Meekel EG, Schmidt EM, Cameron LJ, Dharma AD, Windsor HJ, Duyker SG, Minelli A, Pope T, Lepore GO, Slater B, Kepert CJ, Goodwin AL. Truchet-tile structure of a topologically aperiodic metal-organic framework. Science 2023; 379:357-361. [PMID: 36701437 DOI: 10.1126/science.ade5239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
When tiles decorated to lower their symmetry are joined together, they can form aperiodic and labyrinthine patterns. Such Truchet tilings offer an efficient mechanism of visual data storage related to that used in barcodes and QR codes. We show that the crystalline metal-organic framework [OZn4][1,3-benzenedicarboxylate]3 (TRUMOF-1) is an atomic-scale realization of a complex three-dimensional Truchet tiling. Its crystal structure consists of a periodically arranged assembly of identical zinc-containing clusters connected uniformly in a well-defined but disordered fashion to give a topologically aperiodic microporous network. We suggest that this unusual structure emerges as a consequence of geometric frustration in the chemical building units from which it is assembled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily G Meekel
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QR, UK
| | - Ella M Schmidt
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QR, UK.,Fachbereich Geowissenschaften, Universität Bremen, D-28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Lisa J Cameron
- School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - A David Dharma
- School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Hunter J Windsor
- School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Samuel G Duyker
- School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia.,Sydney Analytical, Core Research Facilities, University of Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Arianna Minelli
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QR, UK
| | - Tom Pope
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, London WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | | | - Ben Slater
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, London WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Cameron J Kepert
- School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Andrew L Goodwin
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QR, UK
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3
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Bohn PW, Cao XE, Chang S, Chen D, Confederat S, Duleba D, E P, Edwards MA, Ewing A, Gundry L, He J, Kamali AR, Kanoufi F, Kwon SR, Limani N, Linfield S, Liu X, Long YT, Lu SM, Mao BW, Minteer S, Pandey P, Ren H, Ross A, Slater B, Unwin P, Vakamulla Raghu SN, Venton J, Walcarius A, Wei H, Wu Y, Xiao L, Xu W, Ying YL, Yu P, Zhang Z. Advanced nanoelectrochemistry implementation: from concept to application: general discussion. Faraday Discuss 2022; 233:354-373. [PMID: 35302573 DOI: 10.1039/d2fd90004a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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4
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Buckingham MA, Cao XE, Chang S, Chen HY, Chen Q, Chinnathambi S, Edwards MA, Fornasaro S, Gooding J, Hill C, Hirano-Iwata A, Kamali AR, Kanoufi F, Krause S, Kurihara K, Lemay SG, Linfield S, Liu X, Long YT, Lu SM, Ma H, Mao BW, Meloni GN, Menkin S, Minteer S, O'Neill S, Pandey P, Ren H, Slater B, Tian Z, Unwin P, Valavanis D, Walcarius A, Willets KK, Wu Y, Xiao L, Xu W, Yang W, Ying YL, Zhang Z. Emerging electrochemical methods at the nanointerface: general discussion. Faraday Discuss 2022; 233:257-282. [PMID: 35302154 DOI: 10.1039/d2fd90003c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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5
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Hewitt D, Pope T, Sarwar M, Turrina A, Slater B. Machine learning accelerated high-throughput screening of zeolites for the selective adsorption of xylene isomers. Chem Sci 2022; 13:13178-13186. [DOI: 10.1039/d2sc03351h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A combination of machine learning and high throughput simulation has identified several potential zeolite structures that appear to outperform the leading commercially used material and explained the key factors for high selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Hewitt
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Tom Pope
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Misbah Sarwar
- Johnson Matthey Technology Centre, Sonning Common, Reading, RG4 9NH, UK
| | - Alessandro Turrina
- Johnson Matthey Technology Centre, Chilton, P.O. Box 1, Belasis Avenue, Billingham, TS23 1LB, UK
| | - Ben Slater
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
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6
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Jiang S, Wang F, Cao X, Slater B, Wang R, Sun H, Wang H, Shen X, Yao Z. Novel application of ion exchange membranes for preparing effective silver and copper based antibacterial membranes. Chemosphere 2022; 287:132131. [PMID: 34492413 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Ion exchange membranes (IEMs) are widely used in water treatment applications such as electrodialysis. However, the exploration of IEMs as effective antibacterial food contact materials (e.g., food packaging membranes) against pathogenic bacteria to ensure food safety has not been reported. Here, we report a simple but effective method to prepare high performance antibacterial membranes via ion exchange coupled with in-situ reduction. The general membrane properties are characterized using SEM, EDS, FTIR, XPS, XRD, DSC, TGA, water uptake, etc. The distribution of silver and copper in the membranes are generally in line with the distribution of sulfur, indicating that the antibacterial ions are introduced into the membranes via ion exchange and are bonded with the sulfonate groups in the membranes. The antibacterial performance is investigated using zone of inhibition tests and continuous bacteria growth inhibition tests. All of the prepared membranes show obvious antibacterial activities compared to the bare cation exchange membranes. The diameters of inhibition zone against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) are all larger than those of Escherichia coli (E. coli), indicating that the prepared membranes are more efficient in inhibiting S. aureus compared to E. coli. Furthermore, the silver-based membrane shows more sustainable antibacterial activities compared to the copper-based membrane. Especially, the results clearly reveal that the silver-based membrane is capable of killing bacteria instead of just inhibiting the growth of bacteria. We have shown for the first time that membranes derived from IEMs have the potential as food contact materials to inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria so as to eliminate the risk of bacterial infections and meanwhile delay food spoilage due to bacteria growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanxue Jiang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Fang Wang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Xinyue Cao
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Ben Slater
- Institute of Porous Materials, Ecole Normale Supérieure, 24 Rue Lhomond, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Rongrong Wang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Haishu Sun
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Huijiao Wang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xianbao Shen
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Zhiliang Yao
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China.
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7
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Gibson QD, Zhao T, Daniels LM, Walker HC, Daou R, Hébert S, Zanella M, Dyer MS, Claridge JB, Slater B, Gaultois MW, Corà F, Alaria J, Rosseinsky MJ. Low thermal conductivity in a modular inorganic material with bonding anisotropy and mismatch. Science 2021; 373:1017-1022. [PMID: 34446603 DOI: 10.1126/science.abh1619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The thermal conductivity of crystalline materials cannot be arbitrarily low, as the intrinsic limit depends on the phonon dispersion. We used complementary strategies to suppress the contribution of the longitudinal and transverse phonons to heat transport in layered materials that contain different types of intrinsic chemical interfaces. BiOCl and Bi2O2Se encapsulate these design principles for longitudinal and transverse modes, respectively, and the bulk superlattice material Bi4O4SeCl2 combines these effects by ordering both interface types within its unit cell to reach an extremely low thermal conductivity of 0.1 watts per kelvin per meter at room temperature along its stacking direction. This value comes within a factor of four of the thermal conductivity of air. We demonstrated that chemical control of the spatial arrangement of distinct interfaces can synergically modify vibrational modes to minimize thermal conductivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quinn D Gibson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, UK
| | - Tianqi Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, Kings Cross, London WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Luke M Daniels
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, UK
| | - Helen C Walker
- ISIS Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot OX11 0QX, UK
| | - Ramzy Daou
- Laboratoire CRISMAT, UMR 6508 CNRS, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, Normandie Université, 6 bd du Maréchal Juin, 14050 Caen, France
| | - Sylvie Hébert
- Laboratoire CRISMAT, UMR 6508 CNRS, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, Normandie Université, 6 bd du Maréchal Juin, 14050 Caen, France
| | - Marco Zanella
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, UK
| | - Matthew S Dyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, UK
| | - John B Claridge
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, UK
| | - Ben Slater
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, Kings Cross, London WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Michael W Gaultois
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, UK.,Leverhulme Research Centre for Functional Materials Design, The Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool 51 Oxford Street, Liverpool L7 3NY, UK
| | - Furio Corà
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, Kings Cross, London WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Jonathan Alaria
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Oliver Lodge Laboratory, Liverpool L69 ZE, UK.
| | - Matthew J Rosseinsky
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, UK.
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8
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Liu Y, Zhu W, Jiang J, Zhu C, Liu C, Slater B, Ojamäe L, Francisco JS, Zeng XC. Formation of porous ice frameworks at room temperature. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2104442118. [PMID: 34326263 PMCID: PMC8346885 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2104442118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bulk crystalline ices with ultralow densities have been demonstrated to be thermodynamically metastable at negative pressures. However, the direct formation of these bulk porous ices from liquid water at negative pressures is extremely challenging. Inspired by approaches toward porous media based on host-guest chemistry, such as metal-organic frameworks and covalent organic frameworks, we herein demonstrate via molecular dynamics simulations that a class of ultralow-density porous ices with upright channels can be formed spontaneously from liquid water at 300 K with the assistance of carbon nanotube arrays. We refer to these porous ice polymorphs as water oxygen-vertex frameworks (WOFs). Notably, our simulations revealed that the liquid-WOF phase transition is first-order and occurs at room temperature. All the WOFs exhibited the unique structural feature that they can be regarded as assemblies of nanoribbons of hexagonal bilayer ice (2D ice I) at their armchair or zigzag edges. Based on density functional theory calculations, a comprehensive phase diagram of the WOFs was constructed considering both the thermodynamic and thermal stabilities of the porous ices at negative pressures. Like other types of porous media, these WOFs may be applicable to gas storage, purification, and separation. Moreover, these biocompatible porous ice networks may be exploited as medical-related carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China;
| | - Weiduo Zhu
- Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588
| | - Jian Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588
| | - Chongqin Zhu
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Chang Liu
- College of Physics, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Ben Slater
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Lars Ojamäe
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Joseph S Francisco
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104;
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Xiao Cheng Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588;
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9
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Johannsen S, Brohi K, Johansson PI, Moore EE, Reinhold AK, Schöchl H, Shepherd JM, Slater B, Stensballe J, Zacharowski K, Meybohm P. Getting hit by the bus around the world - a global perspective on goal directed treatment of massive hemorrhage in trauma. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol 2021; 34:537-543. [PMID: 34074885 DOI: 10.1097/aco.0000000000001025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Major trauma remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide with traumatic brain injury and uncontrolled traumatic bleeding as the main determinants of fatal outcome. Interestingly, the therapeutic approach to trauma-associated bleeding and coagulopathy shows differences between geographic regions, that are reflected in different guidelines and protocols. RECENT FINDINGS This article summarizes main principles in coagulation diagnostics and compares different strategies for treatment of massive hemorrhage after trauma in different regions of the world. How would a bleeding trauma patient be managed if they got hit by the bus in the United States, United Kingdom, Germany, Switzerland, Austria, Denmark, Australia, or in Japan? SUMMARY There are multiple coexistent treatment standards for trauma-induced coagulopathy in different countries and different trauma centers. Most of them initially follow a protocol-based approach and subsequently focus on predefined clinical and laboratory targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Johannsen
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Karim Brohi
- Centre for Trauma Sciences, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Pär I Johansson
- Section for Transfusion Medicine, Capital Region Blood Bank, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ernest E Moore
- Department of Surgery, Ernest E Moore Shock Trauma Center at Denver Health, University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Ann-Kristin Reinhold
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Herbert Schöchl
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, AUVA Trauma Centre Salzburg, Academic Teaching Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, AUVA Trauma Research Centre, Vienna, Austria
| | - Joanna M Shepherd
- Centre for Trauma Sciences, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Ben Slater
- Department of Anaesthesia and Acute Pain Medicine, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jakob Stensballe
- Section for Transfusion Medicine, Capital Region Blood Bank, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Anesthesia and Trauma Center, Centre of Head and Orthopaedics, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kai Zacharowski
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Therapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Patrick Meybohm
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
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10
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Abstract
![]()
Modern functional
glasses have been prepared from a wide range
of precursors, combining the benefits of their isotropic disordered
structures with the innate functional behavior of their atomic or
molecular building blocks. The enhanced ionic conductivity of glasses
compared to their crystalline counterparts has attracted considerable
interest for their use in solid-state batteries. In this study, we
have prepared the mixed molecular glass Ga2I3.17 and investigated the correlations between the local structure, thermal
properties, and ionic conductivity. The novel glass displays a glass
transition at 60 °C, and its molecular make-up consists of GaI4– tetrahedra, Ga2I62– heteroethane ions, and Ga+ cations.
Neutron diffraction was employed to characterize the local structure
and coordination geometries within the glass. Raman spectroscopy revealed
a strongly localized nonmolecular mode in glassy Ga2I3.17, coinciding with the observation of two relaxation mechanisms
below Tg in the AC admittance spectra. The structure of the new ion-conducting
glass with composition
Ga2I3.17 features gallium in three oxidation
states, as Ga+ ions are coordinated by Ga2I62− heteroethane and GaI4+ molecular ions. A localized non-molecular mode was observed
in Raman spectroscopy, which loses intensity above the glass transition
at 60 °C. AC admittance spectra show a concomitant change in
the relaxation mechanism. The ionic conductivity of Ga2I3.17 is strongly enhanced in the glassy versus crystalline
state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfred Amon
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, WC1H 0AJ London, U.K
| | - M Emre Sener
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, WC1H 0AJ London, U.K
| | - Alexander Rosu-Finsen
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, WC1H 0AJ London, U.K
| | - Alex C Hannon
- ISIS Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, OX11 0QX Didcot, U.K
| | - Ben Slater
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, WC1H 0AJ London, U.K
| | - Christoph G Salzmann
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, WC1H 0AJ London, U.K
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11
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Coates CS, Baise M, Schmutzler A, Simonov A, Makepeace JW, Seel AG, Smith RI, Playford HY, Keen DA, Siegel R, Senker J, Slater B, Goodwin AL. Spin-ice physics in cadmium cyanide. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2272. [PMID: 33859176 PMCID: PMC8050284 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22515-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Spin-ices are frustrated magnets that support a particularly rich variety of emergent physics. Typically, it is the interplay of magnetic dipole interactions, spin anisotropy, and geometric frustration on the pyrochlore lattice that drives spin-ice formation. The relevant physics occurs at temperatures commensurate with the magnetic interaction strength, which for most systems is 1-5 K. Here, we show that non-magnetic cadmium cyanide, Cd(CN)2, exhibits analogous behaviour to magnetic spin-ices, but does so on a temperature scale that is nearly two orders of magnitude greater. The electric dipole moments of cyanide ions in Cd(CN)2 assume the role of magnetic pseudospins, with the difference in energy scale reflecting the increased strength of electric vs magnetic dipolar interactions. As a result, spin-ice physics influences the structural behaviour of Cd(CN)2 even at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe S Coates
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Oxford, UK
| | - Mia Baise
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Arkadiy Simonov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Oxford, UK
- Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Joshua W Makepeace
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Oxford, UK
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Andrew G Seel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Oxford, UK
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London, UK
| | - Ronald I Smith
- ISIS Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - Helen Y Playford
- ISIS Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - David A Keen
- ISIS Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - Renée Siegel
- Anorganische Chemie III, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Jürgen Senker
- Anorganische Chemie III, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Ben Slater
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Andrew L Goodwin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Oxford, UK.
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12
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Sharif Z, Shephard JJ, Slater B, Bull CL, Hart M, Salzmann CG. Effect of ammonium fluoride doping on the ice III to ice IX phase transition. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:114502. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0032485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zainab Sharif
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Jacob J. Shephard
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Ben Slater
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Craig L. Bull
- ISIS Pulsed Neutron and Muon Source, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, Didcot OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Hart
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Christoph G. Salzmann
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
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13
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Clayson IG, Hewitt D, Hutereau M, Pope T, Slater B. High Throughput Methods in the Synthesis, Characterization, and Optimization of Porous Materials. Adv Mater 2020; 32:e2002780. [PMID: 32954550 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202002780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Porous materials are widely employed in a large range of applications, in particular, for storage, separation, and catalysis of fine chemicals. Synthesis, characterization, and pre- and post-synthetic computer simulations are mostly carried out in a piecemeal and ad hoc manner. Whilst high throughput approaches have been used for more than 30 years in the porous material fields, routine integration of experimental and computational processes is only now becoming more established. Herein, important developments are highlighted and emerging challenges for the community identified, including the need to work toward more integrated workflows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan G Clayson
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Daniel Hewitt
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Martin Hutereau
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Tom Pope
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Ben Slater
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
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14
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Hutereau M, Banks PA, Slater B, Zeitler JA, Bond AD, Ruggiero MT. Resolving Anharmonic Lattice Dynamics in Molecular Crystals with X-Ray Diffraction and Terahertz Spectroscopy. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 125:103001. [PMID: 32955315 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.103001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Molecular crystals are increasingly being used for advanced applications, ranging from pharmaceutics to organic electronics, with their utility dictated by a combination of their three-dimensional structures and molecular dynamics-with anharmonicity in the low-frequency vibrations crucial to numerous bulk phenomena. Through the use of temperature-dependent x-ray diffraction and terahertz time-domain spectroscopy, the structures and dynamics of a pair of isomeric molecular crystals exhibiting nearly free rotation of a CF_{3} functional group at ambient conditions are fully characterized. Using a recently developed solid-state anharmonic vibrational correction, and applying it to a molecular crystal for the first time, the temperature-dependent spatial displacements of atoms along particular terahertz modes are obtained, and are found to be in excellent agreement with the experimental observations, including the assignment of a previously unexplained absorption feature in the low-frequency spectrum of one of the solids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Hutereau
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, United Kingdom
| | - Peter A Banks
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, 82 University Place, Burlington, Vermont 05405, USA
| | - Ben Slater
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - J Axel Zeitler
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew D Bond
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Michael T Ruggiero
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, United Kingdom
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, 82 University Place, Burlington, Vermont 05405, USA
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15
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Dasgupta A, Babaahmadi R, Slater B, Yates BF, Ariafard A, Melen RL. Borane-Catalyzed Stereoselective C–H Insertion, Cyclopropanation, and Ring-Opening Reactions. Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2020.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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16
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Gibson QD, Manning TD, Zanella M, Zhao T, Murgatroyd PAE, Robertson CM, Jones LAH, McBride F, Raval R, Cora F, Slater B, Claridge JB, Dhanak VR, Dyer MS, Alaria J, Rosseinsky MJ. Modular Design via Multiple Anion Chemistry of the High Mobility van der Waals Semiconductor Bi 4O 4SeCl 2. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:847-856. [PMID: 31825213 PMCID: PMC7007234 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b09411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Making new van der
Waals materials with electronic or magnetic
functionality is a chemical design challenge for the development of
two-dimensional nanoelectronic and energy conversion devices. We present
the synthesis and properties of the van der Waals material Bi4O4SeCl2, which is a 1:1 superlattice
of the structural units present in the van der Waals insulator BiOCl
and the three-dimensionally connected semiconductor Bi2O2Se. The presence of three anions gives the new structure
both the bridging selenide anion sites that connect pairs of Bi2O2 layers in Bi2O2Se and
the terminal chloride sites that produce the van der Waals gap in
BiOCl. This retains the electronic properties of Bi2O2Se while reducing the dimensionality of the bonding network
connecting the Bi2O2Se units to allow exfoliation
of Bi4O4SeCl2 to 1.4 nm height. The
superlattice structure is stabilized by the configurational entropy
of anion disorder across the terminal and bridging sites. The reduction
in connective dimensionality with retention of electronic functionality
stems from the expanded anion compositional diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quinn D Gibson
- Department of Chemistry , University of Liverpool , Crown St , Liverpool L69 7ZD , United Kingdom
| | - Troy D Manning
- Department of Chemistry , University of Liverpool , Crown St , Liverpool L69 7ZD , United Kingdom
| | - Marco Zanella
- Department of Chemistry , University of Liverpool , Crown St , Liverpool L69 7ZD , United Kingdom
| | - Tianqi Zhao
- Department of Chemistry , University College London , 20 Gordon St, Kings Cross , London WC1H 0AJ , United Kingdom
| | - Philip A E Murgatroyd
- Department of Physics , University of Liverpool , Oxford St , Liverpool L69 7ZE , United Kingdom
| | - Craig M Robertson
- Department of Chemistry , University of Liverpool , Crown St , Liverpool L69 7ZD , United Kingdom
| | - Leanne A H Jones
- Department of Physics , University of Liverpool , Oxford St , Liverpool L69 7ZE , United Kingdom
| | - Fiona McBride
- Department of Chemistry , University of Liverpool , Crown St , Liverpool L69 7ZD , United Kingdom
| | - Rasmita Raval
- Department of Chemistry , University of Liverpool , Crown St , Liverpool L69 7ZD , United Kingdom
| | - Furio Cora
- Department of Chemistry , University College London , 20 Gordon St, Kings Cross , London WC1H 0AJ , United Kingdom
| | - Ben Slater
- Department of Chemistry , University College London , 20 Gordon St, Kings Cross , London WC1H 0AJ , United Kingdom
| | - John B Claridge
- Department of Chemistry , University of Liverpool , Crown St , Liverpool L69 7ZD , United Kingdom
| | - Vin R Dhanak
- Department of Physics , University of Liverpool , Oxford St , Liverpool L69 7ZE , United Kingdom
| | - Matthew S Dyer
- Department of Chemistry , University of Liverpool , Crown St , Liverpool L69 7ZD , United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Alaria
- Department of Physics , University of Liverpool , Oxford St , Liverpool L69 7ZE , United Kingdom
| | - Matthew J Rosseinsky
- Department of Chemistry , University of Liverpool , Crown St , Liverpool L69 7ZD , United Kingdom
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17
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Agote‐Arán M, Fletcher RE, Briceno M, Kroner AB, Sazanovich IV, Slater B, Rivas ME, Smith AWJ, Collier P, Lezcano‐González I, Beale AM. Implications of the Molybdenum Coordination Environment in MFI Zeolites on Methane Dehydroaromatisation Performance. ChemCatChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201901166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miren Agote‐Arán
- Chemistry DepartmentUniversity College of London Gordon Street London WC1H 0AJ UK
- Diamond Light Source LtdHarwell Science and Innovation Campus Didcot OX11 0DE UK
| | - Rachel E. Fletcher
- Chemistry DepartmentUniversity College of London Gordon Street London WC1H 0AJ UK
| | - Martha Briceno
- Johnson Matthey Technology Centre, Blount's Court, Sonning Common Reading RG4 9NH UK
| | - Anna B. Kroner
- Diamond Light Source LtdHarwell Science and Innovation Campus Didcot OX11 0DE UK
| | - Igor V. Sazanovich
- Central Laser Facility, Research Complex at HarwellScience and Technology Facilities Council Harwell Campus Didcot OX11 0QX UK
| | - Ben Slater
- Chemistry DepartmentUniversity College of London Gordon Street London WC1H 0AJ UK
| | - María E. Rivas
- Johnson Matthey Technology Centre, Blount's Court, Sonning Common Reading RG4 9NH UK
| | - Andrew W. J. Smith
- Johnson Matthey Technology Centre, Blount's Court, Sonning Common Reading RG4 9NH UK
| | - Paul Collier
- Johnson Matthey Technology Centre, Blount's Court, Sonning Common Reading RG4 9NH UK
| | - Inés Lezcano‐González
- Chemistry DepartmentUniversity College of London Gordon Street London WC1H 0AJ UK
- Research Complex at HarwellRutherford Appleton Laboratory Harwell Campus Didcot OX11 0FA UK
| | - Andrew M. Beale
- Chemistry DepartmentUniversity College of London Gordon Street London WC1H 0AJ UK
- Research Complex at HarwellRutherford Appleton Laboratory Harwell Campus Didcot OX11 0FA UK
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18
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Muhamad Sarih N, Myers P, Slater A, Slater B, Abdullah Z, Tajuddin HA, Maher S. White Light Emission from a Simple Mixture of Fluorescent Organic Compounds. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11834. [PMID: 31413269 PMCID: PMC6694174 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47847-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Three fluorescent organic compounds—furocoumarin (FC), dansyl aniline (DA), and 7-hydroxycoumarin-3-carboxylic acid (CC)—are mixed to produce almost pure white light emission (WLE). This novel mixture is immobilised in silica aerogel and applied as a coating to a UV LED to demonstrate its applicability as a low-cost, organic coating for WLE via simultaneous emission. In ethanol solution and when immobilised in silica aerogel, the mixture exhibits a Commission Internationale d’Eclairage (CIE) chromaticity index of (0.27, 0.33). It was observed that a broadband and simultaneous emission involving coumarin carboxylic acid, furocoumarin and dansyl aniline played a vital role in obtaining a CIE index close to that of pure white light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norfatirah Muhamad Sarih
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, University of Liverpool, Brownlow Hill, Liverpool, L69 3GJ, UK.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Peter Myers
- Materials Innovation Factory, Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 3NY, UK
| | - Anna Slater
- Materials Innovation Factory, Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 3NY, UK
| | - Ben Slater
- Materials Innovation Factory, Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 3NY, UK
| | - Zanariah Abdullah
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hairul Anuar Tajuddin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Simon Maher
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, University of Liverpool, Brownlow Hill, Liverpool, L69 3GJ, UK.
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19
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Bara D, Wilson C, Mörtel M, Khusniyarov MM, Ling S, Slater B, Sproules S, Forgan RS. Kinetic Control of Interpenetration in Fe–Biphenyl-4,4′-dicarboxylate Metal–Organic Frameworks by Coordination and Oxidation Modulation. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:8346-8357. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b03269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dominic Bara
- WestCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Joseph Black Building, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K
| | - Claire Wilson
- WestCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Joseph Black Building, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K
| | - Max Mörtel
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstrasse 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Marat M. Khusniyarov
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstrasse 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sanliang Ling
- Advanced Materials Research Group, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Ben Slater
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K
| | - Stephen Sproules
- WestCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Joseph Black Building, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K
| | - Ross S. Forgan
- WestCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Joseph Black Building, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K
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20
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Li L, Slater B, Yan Y, Wang C, Li Y, Yu J. Necessity of Heteroatoms for Realizing Hypothetical Aluminophosphate Zeolites: A High-Throughput Computational Approach. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:1411-1415. [PMID: 30852904 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b00136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Aluminophosphate zeolites (AlPOs) have important applications in adsorption, separation, and catalysis. Millions of hypothetical zeolite structures have been predicted, but experimentally realizing them as AlPOs requires a priori knowledge on whether heteroatom incorporations are necessary to stabilize their frameworks. Previous computations focus on the energy difference before and after heteroatom incorporation, which are not applicable for high-throughput computations because of the combinatorial explosion of possible incorporation sites. Here, we establish a new model to estimate the probability of a hypothetical structure being a pure or a heteroatom-stabilized AlPO, which is based on the Mahalanobis distances between a hypothetical structure and its neighboring reference structures in distortion-energy plots. Our approach avoids numerous attempts at heteroatom incorporation and is therefore applicable for high-throughput structure evaluation. Using this model, we have predicted 17 050 hypothetical structures being realizable as pure AlPOs and 12 039 structures realizable only via heteroatom incorporation. This will provide important guidance toward the synthesis of new AlPOs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry , Jilin University , 2699 Qianjin Street , Changchun 130012 , China
| | - Ben Slater
- Department of Chemistry , University College London , 20 Gordon Street , London WC1H 0AJ , United Kingdom
| | - Yan Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry , Jilin University , 2699 Qianjin Street , Changchun 130012 , China
| | - Chuanming Wang
- SINOPEC Shanghai Research Institute of Petrochemical Technology , Shanghai 201208 , China
| | - Yi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry , Jilin University , 2699 Qianjin Street , Changchun 130012 , China
- International Center of Future Science , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , China
| | - Jihong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry , Jilin University , 2699 Qianjin Street , Changchun 130012 , China
- International Center of Future Science , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , China
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21
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22
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Coates C, Baise M, Simonov A, Makepeace J, Seel A, Slater B, Goodwin A. Ice-like disorder and phase transitions in cadmium cyanide. Acta Crystallogr A Found Adv 2018. [DOI: 10.1107/s205327331809441x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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23
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Reynolds E, Baise M, Overy A, Simonov A, Gould J, Slater B, Goodwin A. Correlated disorder in a metal–organic framework. Acta Crystallogr A Found Adv 2018. [DOI: 10.1107/s205327331809040x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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24
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Goel H, Ling S, Ellis BN, Taconi A, Slater B, Rai N. Predicting vapor liquid equilibria using density functional theory: A case study of argon. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:224501. [PMID: 29907054 DOI: 10.1063/1.5025726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Predicting vapor liquid equilibria (VLE) of molecules governed by weak van der Waals (vdW) interactions using the first principles approach is a significant challenge. Due to the poor scaling of the post Hartree-Fock wave function theory with system size/basis functions, the Kohn-Sham density functional theory (DFT) is preferred for systems with a large number of molecules. However, traditional DFT cannot adequately account for medium to long range correlations which are necessary for modeling vdW interactions. Recent developments in DFT such as dispersion corrected models and nonlocal van der Waals functionals have attempted to address this weakness with a varying degree of success. In this work, we predict the VLE of argon and assess the performance of several density functionals and the second order Møller-Plesset perturbation theory (MP2) by determining critical and structural properties via first principles Monte Carlo simulations. PBE-D3, BLYP-D3, and rVV10 functionals were used to compute vapor liquid coexistence curves, while PBE0-D3, M06-2X-D3, and MP2 were used for computing liquid density at a single state point. The performance of the PBE-D3 functional for VLE is superior to other functionals (BLYP-D3 and rVV10). At T = 85 K and P = 1 bar, MP2 performs well for the density and structural features of the first solvation shell in the liquid phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himanshu Goel
- Dave C. Swalm School of Chemical Engineering, and Center for Advanced Vehicular Systems, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - Sanliang Ling
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Breanna Nicole Ellis
- Dave C. Swalm School of Chemical Engineering, and Center for Advanced Vehicular Systems, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - Anna Taconi
- Dave C. Swalm School of Chemical Engineering, and Center for Advanced Vehicular Systems, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - Ben Slater
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Neeraj Rai
- Dave C. Swalm School of Chemical Engineering, and Center for Advanced Vehicular Systems, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
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25
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Coates CS, Makepeace JW, Seel AG, Baise M, Slater B, Goodwin AL. Synthesis, PtS-type structure, and anomalous mechanics of the Cd(CN) 2 precursor Cd(NH 3) 2[Cd(CN) 4]. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:7263-7271. [PMID: 29762616 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt01128a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report the nonaqueous synthesis of Cd(CN)2 by oxidation of cadmium metal with Hg(CN)2 in liquid ammonia. The reaction proceeds via an intermediate of composition Cd(NH3)2[Cd(CN)4], which converts to Cd(CN)2 on prolonged heating. Powder X-ray diffraction measurements allow us to determine the crystal structure of the previously-unreported Cd(NH3)2[Cd(CN)4], which we find to adopt a twofold interpenetrating PtS topology. We discuss the effect of partial oxidation on the Cd/Hg composition of this intermediate, as well as its implications for the reconstructive nature of the deammination process. Variable-temperature X-ray diffraction measurements allow us to characterise the anisotropic negative thermal expansion (NTE) behaviour of Cd(NH3)2[Cd(CN)4] together with the effect of Cd/Hg substitution; ab initio density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal a similarly anomalous mechanical response in the form of both negative linear compressibility (NLC) and negative Poisson's ratios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe S Coates
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, UK.
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26
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Wilkins LC, Soltani Y, Lawson JR, Slater B, Melen RL. Divergent Elementoboration: 1,3-Haloboration versus 1,1-Carboboration of Propargyl Esters. Chemistry 2018; 24:7364-7368. [PMID: 29700863 PMCID: PMC6055811 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201801493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
This work showcases the 1,3-haloboration reaction of alkynes in which boron and chlorine add to propargyl systems in a proposed sequential oxazoliumborate formation with subsequent ring-opening and chloride migration. In addition, the functionalization of these propargyl esters with dimethyl groups in the propargylic position leads to stark differences in reactivity whereby a formal 1,1-carboboration prevails to give the 2,2-dichloro-3,4-dihydrodioxaborinine products as an intramolecular chelate. Density functional theory calculations are used to rationalize the distinct carboboration and haloboration pathways. Significantly, this method represents a metal-free route to highly functionalized compounds in a single step to give structurally complex products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lewis C Wilkins
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, Cymru/Wales, UK
| | - Yashar Soltani
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, Cymru/Wales, UK
| | - James R Lawson
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, Cymru/Wales, UK
| | - Ben Slater
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Rebecca L Melen
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, Cymru/Wales, UK
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27
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Witman M, Ling S, Boyd P, Barthel S, Haranczyk M, Slater B, Smit B. Cutting Materials in Half: A Graph Theory Approach for Generating Crystal Surfaces and Its Prediction of 2D Zeolites. ACS Cent Sci 2018. [PMID: 29532024 PMCID: PMC5832999 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.7b00555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Scientific interest in two-dimensional (2D) materials, ranging from graphene and other single layer materials to atomically thin crystals, is quickly increasing for a large variety of technological applications. While in silico design approaches have made a large impact in the study of 3D crystals, algorithms designed to discover atomically thin 2D materials from their parent 3D materials are by comparison more sparse. We hypothesize that determining how to cut a 3D material in half (i.e., which Miller surface is formed) by severing a minimal number of bonds or a minimal amount of total bond energy per unit area can yield insight into preferred crystal faces. We answer this question by implementing a graph theory technique to mathematically formalize the enumeration of minimum cut surfaces of crystals. While the algorithm is generally applicable to different classes of materials, we focus on zeolitic materials due to their diverse structural topology and because 2D zeolites have promising catalytic and separation performance compared to their 3D counterparts. We report here a simple descriptor based only on structural information that predicts whether a zeolite is likely to be synthesizable in the 2D form and correctly identifies the expressed surface in known layered 2D zeolites. The discovery of this descriptor allows us to highlight other zeolites that may also be synthesized in the 2D form that have not been experimentally realized yet. Finally, our method is general since the mathematical formalism can be applied to find the minimum cut surfaces of other crystallographic materials such as metal-organic frameworks, covalent-organic frameworks, zeolitic-imidazolate frameworks, metal oxides, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Witman
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley 94720, United States
| | - Sanliang Ling
- Department
of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K.
| | - Peter Boyd
- Laboratory
of Molecular Simulation, Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie
Chimiques, Valais, École Polytechnique
Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Rue de l’Industrie 17, CH-1951 Sion, Switzerland
| | - Senja Barthel
- Laboratory
of Molecular Simulation, Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie
Chimiques, Valais, École Polytechnique
Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Rue de l’Industrie 17, CH-1951 Sion, Switzerland
| | - Maciej Haranczyk
- Computational
Research Division, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- IMDEA
Materials Institute, Calle Eric Kandel 2, 28906 Getafe, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ben Slater
- Department
of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K.
| | - Berend Smit
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley 94720, United States
- Laboratory
of Molecular Simulation, Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie
Chimiques, Valais, École Polytechnique
Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Rue de l’Industrie 17, CH-1951 Sion, Switzerland
- E-mail:
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28
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Coates CS, Baise M, Simonov A, Slater B, Goodwin A. Anomalous thermal behaviour and diffuse scattering in cadmium cyanide. Acta Crystallogr A Found Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1107/s2053273317087678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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29
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Reynolds EM, Overy A, Baise M, Slater B, Gould J, Goodwin A. Correlated disorder in metal–organic frameworks containing asymmetric linkers. Acta Crystallogr A Found Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1107/s205327331708620x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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30
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Hayes TOP, Slater B, Horan RAJ, Radigois M, Wilden JD. A novel sulfonamide non-classical carbenoid: a mechanistic study for the synthesis of enediynes. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:9895-9902. [PMID: 29155912 DOI: 10.1039/c7ob02437a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Alkynyl sulfonamides undergo sequential 1,4- then 1,2-addition/rearrangement with lithium acetylides to yield enediynes in the absence of any promoters or catalysts. Mechanistic investigations suggest that the reaction proceeds via 1,4-conjugate addition of the nucleophile to the unsaturated system to give a key alkenyl lithium species which is stabilised by an intramolecular coordination effect by a sulfonamide oxygen atom. This species can be considered a vinylidene carbenoid given the carbon atom bears both an anion (as a vinyllithium) and a leaving group (the sulfonamide). The intramolecular coordination effect serves to stabilise the vinyllithium but activates the sulfonamide motif towards nucleophilic attack by a second mole of acetylide. The resulting species can then undergo rearrangement to yield the enediyne framework in a single operation with concomitant loss of aminosulfinate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodore O P Hayes
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK.
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31
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Abstract
Zeolites, microporous aluminosilicates, are amongst the most widely used catalysts in the petrochemical industry. Zeolite catalytic functionality is influenced by the location of tetrahedral alumina and associated counter-cations in the aluminosilicate framework, yet little is definitively known about the factors that govern the framework aluminium arrangement. It is generally accepted that all zeolites obey Löwenstein's rule of "aluminium avoidance", and that -Al-O-Al- bond formation is forbidden. Here, we describe an unprecedented screening of aluminium distribution in catalytically active zeolite SSZ-13 (CHA) in both its protonated and sodium-containing forms, H-SSZ-13 and Na-SSZ-13, using density functional theory (DFT). We predict violations of Löwenstein's rule in high and low silica H-SSZ-13 and other protonated frameworks considered in this investigation: H-LTA, H-RHO, H-ABW and H-MOR. The synthetic realisation of these zeolites could spur the development of new catalytic routes and materials, and the optimisation of existing zeolite catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel E Fletcher
- Department of Chemistry , University College London , 20 Gordon Street , London , WC1H 0AJ , UK .
| | - Sanliang Ling
- Department of Chemistry , University College London , 20 Gordon Street , London , WC1H 0AJ , UK .
| | - Ben Slater
- Department of Chemistry , University College London , 20 Gordon Street , London , WC1H 0AJ , UK .
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32
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Slater
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Sanliang Ling
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK
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33
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Cliffe M, Castillo-Martínez E, Wu Y, Lee J, Forse AC, Firth FCN, Moghadam PZ, Fairen-Jimenez D, Gaultois MW, Hill JA, Magdysyuk OV, Slater B, Goodwin AL, Grey CP. Metal-Organic Nanosheets Formed via Defect-Mediated Transformation of a Hafnium Metal-Organic Framework. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:5397-5404. [PMID: 28343394 PMCID: PMC5469521 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b00106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
We report a hafnium-containing MOF, hcp UiO-67(Hf), which is a ligand-deficient layered analogue of the face-centered cubic fcu UiO-67(Hf). hcp UiO-67 accommodates its lower ligand:metal ratio compared to fcu UiO-67 through a new structural mechanism: the formation of a condensed "double cluster" (Hf12O8(OH)14), analogous to the condensation of coordination polyhedra in oxide frameworks. In oxide frameworks, variable stoichiometry can lead to more complex defect structures, e.g., crystallographic shear planes or modules with differing compositions, which can be the source of further chemical reactivity; likewise, the layered hcp UiO-67 can react further to reversibly form a two-dimensional metal-organic framework, hxl UiO-67. Both three-dimensional hcp UiO-67 and two-dimensional hxl UiO-67 can be delaminated to form metal-organic nanosheets. Delamination of hcp UiO-67 occurs through the cleavage of strong hafnium-carboxylate bonds and is effected under mild conditions, suggesting that defect-ordered MOFs could be a productive route to porous two-dimensional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew
J. Cliffe
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| | | | - Yue Wu
- Department
of Materials Science & Metallurgy, University
of Cambridge, 27 Charles
Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, U.K.
| | - Jeongjae Lee
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| | - Alexander C. Forse
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| | - Francesca C. N. Firth
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| | - Peyman Z. Moghadam
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Pembroke Street, Cambridge CB2 3RA, U.K.
| | - David Fairen-Jimenez
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Pembroke Street, Cambridge CB2 3RA, U.K.
| | - Michael W. Gaultois
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| | - Joshua A. Hill
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, U.K.
| | - Oxana V. Magdysyuk
- Diamond
Light Source Ltd., Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, U.K.
| | - Ben Slater
- Department
of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K.
| | - Andrew L. Goodwin
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, U.K.
| | - Clare P. Grey
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
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34
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Witman M, Ling S, Jawahery S, Boyd PG, Haranczyk M, Slater B, Smit B. The Influence of Intrinsic Framework Flexibility on Adsorption in Nanoporous Materials. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:5547-5557. [PMID: 28357850 PMCID: PMC5399474 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b01688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
For applications of metal–organic
frameworks (MOFs) such
as gas storage and separation, flexibility is often seen as a parameter
that can tune material performance. In this work we aim to determine
the optimal flexibility for the shape selective separation of similarly
sized molecules (e.g., Xe/Kr mixtures). To obtain systematic insight
into how the flexibility impacts this type of separation, we develop
a simple analytical model that predicts a material’s Henry
regime adsorption and selectivity as a function of flexibility. We
elucidate the complex dependence of selectivity on a framework’s
intrinsic flexibility whereby performance is either improved or reduced
with increasing flexibility, depending on the material’s pore
size characteristics. However, the selectivity of a material with
the pore size and chemistry that already maximizes selectivity in
the rigid approximation is continuously diminished with increasing
flexibility, demonstrating that the globally optimal separation exists
within an entirely rigid pore. Molecular simulations show that our
simple model predicts performance trends that are observed when screening
the adsorption behavior of flexible MOFs. These flexible simulations
provide better agreement with experimental adsorption data in a high-performance
material that is not captured when modeling this framework as rigid,
an approximation typically made in high-throughput screening studies.
We conclude that, for shape selective adsorption applications, the globally optimal material will have the optimal pore size/chemistry and minimal intrinsic flexibility even though other nonoptimal
materials’ selectivity can actually be improved by flexibility.
Equally important, we find that flexible simulations can be critical
for correctly modeling adsorption in these types of systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Witman
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Sanliang Ling
- Department of Chemistry, University College London , 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Sudi Jawahery
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Peter G Boyd
- Laboratory of Molecular Simulation, Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Valais, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Rue de l'Industrie 17, CH-1951 Sion, Switzerland
| | - Maciej Haranczyk
- Computational Research Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,IMDEA Materials Institute , C/Eric Kandel 2, 28906 Getafe, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ben Slater
- Department of Chemistry, University College London , 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Berend Smit
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California , Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Laboratory of Molecular Simulation, Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Valais, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Rue de l'Industrie 17, CH-1951 Sion, Switzerland
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35
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Shephard JJ, Ling S, Sosso GC, Michaelides A, Slater B, Salzmann CG. Is High-Density Amorphous Ice Simply a "Derailed" State along the Ice I to Ice IV Pathway? J Phys Chem Lett 2017; 8:1645-1650. [PMID: 28323429 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b00492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The structural nature of high-density amorphous ice (HDA), which forms through low-temperature pressure-induced amorphization of the "ordinary" ice I, is heavily debated. Clarifying this question is important for understanding not only the complex condensed states of H2O but also in the wider context of pressure-induced amorphization processes, which are encountered across the entire materials spectrum. We first show that ammonium fluoride (NH4F), which has a similar hydrogen-bonded network to ice I, also undergoes a pressure collapse upon compression at 77 K. However, the product material is not amorphous but NH4F II, a high-pressure phase isostructural with ice IV. This collapse can be rationalized in terms of a highly effective mechanism. In the case of ice I, the orientational disorder of the water molecules leads to a deviation from this mechanism, and we therefore classify HDA as a "derailed" state along the ice I to ice IV pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob J Shephard
- Department of Chemistry, University College London , 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Sanliang Ling
- Department of Chemistry, University College London , 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Gabriele C Sosso
- Thomas Young Centre, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London , Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Angelos Michaelides
- Thomas Young Centre, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London , Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Ben Slater
- Department of Chemistry, University College London , 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Christoph G Salzmann
- Department of Chemistry, University College London , 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
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36
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Abstract
Introduction Endoscopic tattooing of colonic lesions has been used safely for their localization. CASE HISTORY We report a 61-year-old female who had left hemicolectomy in 2006 for adenocarcinoma of the left colon (pT3, pN0, M0). Cancer in the transverse colon was discovered during annual colonoscopy surveillance. The lesion was tattooed 5cm proximal to the lesion. Twenty-four days after tattooing, she was admitted to the emergency department with increased levels of inflammatory markers. CT showed an abscess in the left lobe of the liver adjacent to the tattoo site. The abscess was drained under ultrasound guidance. She had antibiotic treatment for 3 weeks and made a full recovery. CONCLUSION Endoscopic tattooing of colonic lesions is safe but this case report highlights the possibility of a rare (but serious) complication that must be taken into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y M Aawsaj
- Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust , UK
| | - S Kelly
- Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust , UK
| | - B Slater
- Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust , UK
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37
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Niu H, Pitcher MJ, Corkett AJ, Ling S, Mandal P, Zanella M, Dawson K, Stamenov P, Batuk D, Abakumov AM, Bull CL, Smith RI, Murray CA, Day SJ, Slater B, Cora F, Claridge JB, Rosseinsky MJ. Room Temperature Magnetically Ordered Polar Corundum GaFeO3 Displaying Magnetoelectric Coupling. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:1520-1531. [PMID: 28013545 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b11128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongjun Niu
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Michael J. Pitcher
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Alex J. Corkett
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Sanliang Ling
- Department
of Chemistry, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Pranab Mandal
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Marco Zanella
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Karl Dawson
- Centre
for Materials and Structures, School of Engineering, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GH, United Kingdom
| | - Plamen Stamenov
- CRANN, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Republic of Ireland
| | - Dmitry Batuk
- EMAT, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Artem M. Abakumov
- EMAT, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
- Skoltech
Center for Electrochemical Energy Storage, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 143026 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Craig L. Bull
- ISIS
Neutron and Muon Source, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11
0QX, United Kingdom
| | - Ronald I. Smith
- ISIS
Neutron and Muon Source, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11
0QX, United Kingdom
| | - Claire A. Murray
- Diamond
Light Source, Diamond House, Harwell Oxford, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah J. Day
- Diamond
Light Source, Diamond House, Harwell Oxford, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - Ben Slater
- Department
of Chemistry, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Furio Cora
- Department
of Chemistry, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - John B. Claridge
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew J. Rosseinsky
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
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38
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Witman M, Ling S, Gladysiak A, Stylianou KC, Smit B, Slater B, Haranczyk M. Rational Design of a Low-Cost, High-Performance Metal-Organic Framework for Hydrogen Storage and Carbon Capture. J Phys Chem C Nanomater Interfaces 2017; 121:1171-1181. [PMID: 28127415 PMCID: PMC5253711 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b10363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We present the in silico design of a MOF-74 analogue, hereon known as M2(DHFUMA) [M = Mg, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn], with enhanced small-molecule adsorption properties over the original M2(DOBDC) series. Constructed from 2,3-dihydroxyfumarate (DHFUMA), an aliphatic ligand which is smaller than the aromatic 2,5-dioxidobenzene-1,4-dicarboxylate (DOBDC), the M2(DHFUMA) framework has a reduced channel diameter, resulting in higher volumetric density of open metal sites and significantly improved volumetric hydrogen (H2) storage potential. Furthermore, the reduced distance between two adjacent open metal sites in the pore channel leads to a CO2 binding mode of one molecule per two adjacent metals with markedly stronger binding energetics. Through dispersion-corrected density functional theory (DFT) calculations of guest-framework interactions and classical simulation of the adsorption behavior of binary CO2:H2O mixtures, we theoretically predict the M2(DHFUMA) series as an improved alternative for carbon capture over the M2(DOBDC) series when adsorbing from wet flue gas streams. The improved CO2 uptake and humidity tolerance in our simulations is tunable based upon metal selection and adsorption temperature which, combined with the significantly reduced ligand expense, elevates this material's potential for CO2 capture and H2 storage. The dynamical and elastic stabilities of Mg2(DHFUMA) were verified by hybrid DFT calculations, demonstrating its significant potential for experimental synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Witman
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley 94720, California, United States
| | - Sanliang Ling
- Department
of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K.
| | - Andrzej Gladysiak
- Laboratory
of Molecular Simulation, Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie
Chimiques, Valais, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne (EPFL), Rue de l’ Industrie 17, CH-1951 Sion, Switzerland
| | - Kyriakos C. Stylianou
- Laboratory
of Molecular Simulation, Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie
Chimiques, Valais, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne (EPFL), Rue de l’ Industrie 17, CH-1951 Sion, Switzerland
| | - Berend Smit
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley 94720, California, United States
- Laboratory
of Molecular Simulation, Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie
Chimiques, Valais, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne (EPFL), Rue de l’ Industrie 17, CH-1951 Sion, Switzerland
| | - Ben Slater
- Department
of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K.
| | - Maciej Haranczyk
- Computational
Research Division, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- IMDEA
Materials Institute, C/Eric Kandel 2, 28906 Getafe, Madrid, Spain
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39
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Salzmann CG, Slater B, Radaelli PG, Finney JL, Shephard JJ, Rosillo-Lopez M, Hindley J. Detailed crystallographic analysis of the ice VI to ice XV hydrogen ordering phase transition. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:204501. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4967167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph G. Salzmann
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Ben Slater
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Paolo G. Radaelli
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - John L. Finney
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Jacob J. Shephard
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Rosillo-Lopez
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - James Hindley
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
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40
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Abstract
The metal-organic framework (MOF) material UiO-66 has emerged as one of the most promising MOF materials due to its thermal and chemical stability and its potential for catalytic applications. Typically, as-synthesised UiO-66 has a relatively high concentration of missing linker defects. The presence of these defects has been correlated with catalytic activity but characterisation of defect structure has proved elusive. We refine a recent experimental determination of defect structure using static and dynamic first principles approaches, which reveals a dynamic and labile acid centre that could be tailored for functional applications in catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanliang Ling
- Department of Chemistry , University College London , 20 Gordon Street , London , WC1H 0AJ , UK . ;
| | - Ben Slater
- Department of Chemistry , University College London , 20 Gordon Street , London , WC1H 0AJ , UK . ;
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41
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Witman M, Ling S, Anderson S, Tong L, Stylianou KC, Slater B, Smit B, Haranczyk M. In silico design and screening of hypothetical MOF-74 analogs and their experimental synthesis. Chem Sci 2016; 7:6263-6272. [PMID: 30034767 PMCID: PMC6024208 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc01477a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
We present the in silico design of MOFs exhibiting 1-dimensional rod topologies by enumerating MOF-74-type analogs based on the PubChem Compounds database. We simulate the adsorption behavior of CO2 in the generated analogs and experimentally validate a novel MOF-74 analog, Mg2(olsalazine).
In this work we present the in silico design of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) exhibiting 1-dimensional rod topologies. We introduce an algorithm for construction of this family of MOF topologies, and illustrate its application for enumerating MOF-74-type analogs. Furthermore, we perform a broad search for new linkers that satisfy the topological requirements of MOF-74 and consider the largest database of known chemical space for organic compounds, the PubChem database. Our in silico crystal assembly, when combined with dispersion-corrected density functional theory (DFT) calculations, is demonstrated to generate a hypothetical library of open-metal site containing MOF-74 analogs in the 1-D rod topology from which we can simulate the adsorption behavior of CO2. We finally conclude that these hypothetical structures have synthesizable potential through computational identification and experimental validation of a novel MOF-74 analog, Mg2(olsalazine).
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Witman
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , University of California , Berkeley 94720 , USA
| | - Sanliang Ling
- Department of Chemistry , University College London , 20 Gordon Street , London WC1H 0AJ , UK
| | - Samantha Anderson
- Laboratory of Molecular Simulation , Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques , Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Rue de l'Industrie 17 , CH-1951 Sion , Valais , Switzerland
| | - Lianheng Tong
- Department of Physics , King's College London , The Strand , London , WC2R 2LS , UK
| | - Kyriakos C Stylianou
- Laboratory of Molecular Simulation , Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques , Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Rue de l'Industrie 17 , CH-1951 Sion , Valais , Switzerland
| | - Ben Slater
- Department of Chemistry , University College London , 20 Gordon Street , London WC1H 0AJ , UK
| | - Berend Smit
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , University of California , Berkeley 94720 , USA.,Laboratory of Molecular Simulation , Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques , Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Rue de l'Industrie 17 , CH-1951 Sion , Valais , Switzerland
| | - Maciej Haranczyk
- Computational Research Division , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley , California 94720 , USA . .,IMDEA Materials Institute , C/Eric Kandel 2 , 28906 - Getafe , Madrid , Spain
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42
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Pedevilla P, Cox SJ, Slater B, Michaelides A. Can Ice-Like Structures Form on Non-Ice-Like Substrates? The Example of the K-feldspar Microcline. J Phys Chem C Nanomater Interfaces 2016; 120:6704-6713. [PMID: 27917255 PMCID: PMC5127609 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b01155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Revised: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Feldspar minerals are the most common rock formers in Earth's crust. As such they play an important role in subjects ranging from geology to climate science. An atomistic understanding of the feldspar structure and its interaction with water is therefore desirable, not least because feldspar has been shown to dominate ice nucleation by mineral dusts in Earth's atmosphere. The complexity of the ice/feldspar interface arising from the numerous chemical motifs expressed on the surface makes it a challenging system. Here we report a comprehensive study of this challenging system with ab initio density functional theory calculations. We show that the distribution of Al atoms, which is crucial for the dissolution kinetics of tectosilicate minerals, differs significantly between the bulk environment and on the surface. Furthermore, we demonstrate that water does not form ice-like overlayers in the contact layer on the most easily cleaved (001) surface of K-feldspar. We do, however, identify contact layer structures of water that induce ice-like ordering in the second overlayer. This suggests that even substrates without an apparent match with the ice structure may still act as excellent ice nucleating agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Pedevilla
- Thomas
Young Centre and Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
- London
Centre for Nanotechnology, 17-19 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AH, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen J. Cox
- Thomas
Young Centre and Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
- London
Centre for Nanotechnology, 17-19 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AH, United Kingdom
| | - Ben Slater
- Thomas
Young Centre and Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Angelos Michaelides
- London
Centre for Nanotechnology, 17-19 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AH, United Kingdom
- Thomas
Young Centre and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E
6BT, United Kingdom
- E-mail: . Phone: +44 207 679
0647
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43
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Burke DJ, Puletti F, Woods PM, Viti S, Slater B, Brown WA. Trapping and desorption of complex organic molecules in water at 20 K. J Chem Phys 2015; 143:164704. [PMID: 26520540 DOI: 10.1063/1.4934264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The formation, chemical, and thermal processing of complex organic molecules (COMs) is currently a topic of much interest in interstellar chemistry. The isomers glycolaldehyde, methyl formate, and acetic acid are particularly important because of their role as pre-biotic species. It is becoming increasingly clear that many COMs are formed within interstellar ices which are dominated by water. Hence, the interaction of these species with water ice is crucially important in dictating their behaviour. Here, we present the first detailed comparative study of the adsorption and thermal processing of glycolaldehyde, methyl formate, and acetic acid adsorbed on and in water ices at astrophysically relevant temperatures (20 K). We show that the functional group of the isomer dictates the strength of interaction with water ice, and hence the resulting desorption and trapping behaviour. Furthermore, the strength of this interaction directly affects the crystallization of water, which in turn affects the desorption behaviour. Our detailed coverage and composition dependent data allow us to categorize the desorption behaviour of the three isomers on the basis of the strength of intermolecular and intramolecular interactions, as well as the natural sublimation temperature of the molecule. This categorization is extended to other C, H, and O containing molecules in order to predict and describe the desorption behaviour of COMs from interstellar ices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daren J Burke
- Division of Chemistry, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QJ, United Kingdom
| | - Fabrizio Puletti
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Paul M Woods
- Astrophysics Research Centre, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, University Road, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - Serena Viti
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Ben Slater
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Wendy A Brown
- Division of Chemistry, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QJ, United Kingdom
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Cox SJ, Kathmann SM, Slater B, Michaelides A. Molecular simulations of heterogeneous ice nucleation. II. Peeling back the layers. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:184705. [PMID: 25978903 DOI: 10.1063/1.4919715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Coarse grained molecular dynamics simulations are presented in which the sensitivity of the ice nucleation rate to the hydrophilicity of a graphene nanoflake is investigated. We find that an optimal interaction strength for promoting ice nucleation exists, which coincides with that found previously for a face centered cubic (111) surface. We further investigate the role that the layering of interfacial water plays in heterogeneous ice nucleation and demonstrate that the extent of layering is not a good indicator of ice nucleating ability for all surfaces. Our results suggest that to be an efficient ice nucleating agent, a surface should not bind water too strongly if it is able to accommodate high coverages of water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J Cox
- Thomas Young Centre and Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Shawn M Kathmann
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
| | - Ben Slater
- Thomas Young Centre and Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Angelos Michaelides
- Thomas Young Centre and Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
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Cox SJ, Kathmann SM, Slater B, Michaelides A. Molecular simulations of heterogeneous ice nucleation. I. Controlling ice nucleation through surface hydrophilicity. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:184704. [PMID: 25978902 DOI: 10.1063/1.4919714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Ice formation is one of the most common and important processes on earth and almost always occurs at the surface of a material. A basic understanding of how the physicochemical properties of a material's surface affect its ability to form ice has remained elusive. Here, we use molecular dynamics simulations to directly probe heterogeneous ice nucleation at a hexagonal surface of a nanoparticle of varying hydrophilicity. Surprisingly, we find that structurally identical surfaces can both inhibit and promote ice formation and analogous to a chemical catalyst, it is found that an optimal interaction between the surface and the water exists for promoting ice nucleation. We use our microscopic understanding of the mechanism to design a modified surface in silico with enhanced ice nucleating ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J Cox
- Thomas Young Centre and Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Shawn M Kathmann
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
| | - Ben Slater
- Thomas Young Centre and Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Angelos Michaelides
- Thomas Young Centre and Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
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Burke DJ, Puletti F, Woods PM, Viti S, Slater B, Brown WA. Adsorption and Thermal Processing of Glycolaldehyde, Methyl Formate, and Acetic Acid on Graphite at 20 K. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:6837-49. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b04010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daren J. Burke
- Division of Chemistry, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QJ, U.K
| | - Fabrizio Puletti
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K
| | - Paul M. Woods
- Astrophysics Research
Centre, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen’s University Belfast, University Road, Belfast BT7 1NN, U.K
| | - Serena Viti
- Department of Physics
and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, U.K
| | - Ben Slater
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K
| | - Wendy A. Brown
- Division of Chemistry, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QJ, U.K
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Abstract
Using ab initio methods, we examine the stability of ice 0, a recently proposed tetragonal form of ice implicated in the homogeneous freezing of water [J. Russo, F. Romano, and H. Tanaka, Nat. Mater. 13, 670 (2014)]. Vibrational frequencies are computed across the complete Brillouin Zone using Density Functional Theory (DFT), to confirm mechanical stability and quantify the free energy of ice 0 relative to ice I(h). The robustness of this result is tested via dispersion corrected semi-local and hybrid DFT, and Quantum Monte-Carlo calculation of lattice energies. Results indicate that popular molecular models only slightly overestimate the stability of ice zero. In addition, we study all possible realisations of proton disorder within the ice zero unit cell, and identify the ground state as ferroelectric. Comparisons are made to other low density metastable forms of ice, suggesting that the ice i structure [C. J. Fennel and J. D. Gezelter, J. Chem. Theory Comput. 1, 662 (2005)] may be equally relevant to ice formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Quigley
- Department of Physics and Centre for Scientific Computing, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - D Alfè
- Department of Earth Sciences and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - B Slater
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
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Ling S, Walton RI, Slater B. Theoretical study of conformational disorder and selective adsorption of small organic molecules in the flexible metal-organic framework material MIL-53-Fe. Molecular Simulation 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2015.1036266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Cox SJ, Raza Z, Kathmann SM, Slater B, Michaelides A. The microscopic features of heterogeneous ice nucleation may affect the macroscopic morphology of atmospheric ice crystals. Faraday Discuss 2015; 167:389-403. [PMID: 24640502 DOI: 10.1039/c3fd00059a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
It is surprisingly difficult to freeze water. Almost all ice that forms under "mild" conditions (temperatures > -40 degrees C) requires the presence of a nucleating agent--a solid particle that facilitates the freezing process--such as clay mineral dust, soot or bacteria. In a computer simulation, the presence of such ice nucleating agents does not necessarily alleviate the difficulties associated with forming ice on accessible timescales. Nevertheless, in this work we present results from molecular dynamics simulations in which we systematically compare homogeneous and heterogeneous ice nucleation, using the atmospherically important clay mineral kaolinite as our model ice nucleating agent. From our simulations, we do indeed find that kaolinite is an excellent ice nucleating agent but that contrary to conventional thought, non-basal faces of ice can nucleate at the basal face of kaolinite. We see that in the liquid phase, the kaolinite surface has a drastic effect on the density profile of water, with water forming a dense, tightly bound first contact layer. Monitoring the time evolution of the water density reveals that changes away from the interface may play an important role in the nucleation mechanism. The findings from this work suggest that heterogeneous ice nucleating agents may not only enhance the ice nucleation rate, but also alter the macroscopic structure of the ice crystals that form.
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Kalidindi SB, Nayak S, Briggs ME, Jansat S, Katsoulidis AP, Miller GJ, Warren JE, Antypov D, Corà F, Slater B, Prestly MR, Martí-Gastaldo C, Rosseinsky MJ. Chemical and structural stability of zirconium-based metal-organic frameworks with large three-dimensional pores by linker engineering. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:221-6. [PMID: 25521699 PMCID: PMC4309464 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201406501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2014] [Revised: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of metal-organic frameworks with large three-dimensional channels that are permanently porous and chemically stable offers new opportunities in areas such as catalysis and separation. Two linkers (L1=4,4',4'',4'''-([1,1'-biphenyl]-3,3',5,5'-tetrayltetrakis(ethyne-2,1-diyl)) tetrabenzoic acid, L2=4,4',4'',4'''-(pyrene-1,3,6,8-tetrayltetrakis(ethyne-2,1-diyl))tetrabenzoic acid) were used that have equivalent connectivity and dimensions but quite distinct torsional flexibility. With these, a solid solution material, [Zr6 O4 (OH)4 (L1)2.6 (L2)0.4 ]⋅(solvent)x , was formed that has three-dimensional crystalline permanent porosity with a surface area of over 4000 m(2) g(-1) that persists after immersion in water. These properties are not accessible for the isostructural phases made from the separate single linkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh B Kalidindi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L697ZD (UK)
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