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Iliev I, Mavrova A, Yancheva D, Dimov S, Staneva G, Nesheva A, Tsoneva I, Nikolova B. 2-Alkyl-Substituted-4-Amino-Thieno[2,3- d]Pyrimidines: Anti-Proliferative Properties to In Vitro Breast Cancer Models. Molecules 2023; 28:6347. [PMID: 37687177 PMCID: PMC10489817 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Thienopyrimidines are structural analogs of quinazolines, and the creation of new 2-alkyl derivatives of ethyl 4-aminothienopyrimidine-6-carboxylates for the study of their anti-proliferative properties is of great pharmacological interest. Some 2-alkyl-4-amino-thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidines 2-5 were synthesized, and their cyto- and phototoxicity against BALB 3T3 cells were established by an in vitro 3T3 NRU test. The obtained results indicate that the tested compounds are not cytotoxic or phototoxic, and that they are appropriate to be studied for their anti-proliferative and anti-tumor properties. The anti-proliferative potential of the compounds was investigated on MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cancer cells, as well as a MCF-10A cell line (normal human mammary epithelial cells). The most toxic to MCF-7 was thienopyrimidine 3 with IC50 13.42 μg/mL (IC50 0.045 μM), followed by compound 4 (IC50 28.89 μg/mL or IC50 0.11 μM). The thienopyrimidine 4 revealed higher selectivity to MCF-7 and lower activity (IC50 367 μg/mL i.e., 1.4 μM) than compound 3 with MCF-10A cells. With respect to MDA-MB-231 cells, ester 2 manifested the highest effect with IC50 52.56 μg/mL (IC50 0.16 μM), and 2-ethyl derivative 4 revealed IC50 62.86 μg/mL (IC50 0.24 μM). It was estimated that the effect of the substances on the cell cycle progression was due to cell cycle arrest in the G2 stage for MDA-MB-231, while arrest in G1 was detected for the estrogen (ER)-positive MCF-7 cell line. The tested compound's effects on the change of the zeta potential in the tumorigenic cells utilized in this study were determined. The calculation which we performed of the physicochemical properties and pharmacokinetic parameters influencing the biological activity suggested high intestinal absorption, as well as drug-likeness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Iliev
- Institute of Experimental Morphology, Pathology and Anthropology with Museum, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., bl. 25, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Anelia Mavrova
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technologies, University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy, S8 Kliment Ohridski Blvd., 1756 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.M.); (S.D.)
| | - Denitsa Yancheva
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., bl. 9, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Stefan Dimov
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technologies, University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy, S8 Kliment Ohridski Blvd., 1756 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.M.); (S.D.)
| | - Galya Staneva
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.N.); (I.T.)
| | - Alexandrina Nesheva
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.N.); (I.T.)
| | - Iana Tsoneva
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.N.); (I.T.)
| | - Biliana Nikolova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.N.); (I.T.)
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Yordanova V, Hazarosova R, Vitkova V, Momchilova A, Robev B, Nikolova B, Krastev P, Nuss P, Angelova MI, Staneva G. Impact of Truncated Oxidized Phosphatidylcholines on Phospholipase A 2 Activity in Mono- and Polyunsaturated Biomimetic Vesicles. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11166. [PMID: 37446342 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The interplay between inflammatory and redox processes is a ubiquitous and critical phenomenon in cell biology that involves numerous biological factors. Among them, secretory phospholipases A2 (sPLA2) that catalyze the hydrolysis of the sn-2 ester bond of phospholipids are key players. They can interact or be modulated by the presence of truncated oxidized phosphatidylcholines (OxPCs) produced under oxidative stress from phosphatidylcholine (PC) species. The present study examined this important, but rarely considered, sPLA2 modulation induced by the changes in biophysical properties of PC vesicles comprising various OxPC ratios in mono- or poly-unsaturated PCs. Being the most physiologically active OxPCs, 1-palmitoyl-2-(5'-oxo-valeroyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POVPC) and 1-palmitoyl-2-glutaryl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (PGPC) have been selected for our study. Using fluorescence spectroscopy methods, we compared the effect of OxPCs on the lipid order as well as sPLA2 activity in large unilamellar vesicles (LUVs) made of the heteroacid PC, either monounsaturated [1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC)], or polyunsaturated [1-palmitoyl-2-docosahexaenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (PDPC)] at a physiological temperature. The effect of OxPCs on vesicle size was also assessed in both the mono- and polyunsaturated PC matrices. Results: OxPCs decrease the membrane lipid order of POPC and PDPC mixtures with PGPC inducing a much larger decrease in comparison with POVPC, indicative that the difference takes place at the glycerol level. Compared with POPC, PDPC was able to inhibit sPLA2 activity showing a protective effect of PDPC against enzyme hydrolysis. Furthermore, sPLA2 activity on its PC substrates was modulated by the OxPC membrane content. POVPC down-regulated sPLA2 activity, suggesting anti-inflammatory properties of this truncated oxidized lipid. Interestingly, PGPC had a dual and opposite effect, either inhibitory or enhancing on sPLA2 activity, depending on the protocol of lipid mixing. This difference may result from the chemical properties of the shortened sn-2-acyl chain residues (aldehyde group for POVPC, and carboxyl for PGPC), being, respectively, zwitterionic or anionic under hydration at physiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vesela Yordanova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Rusina Hazarosova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Victoria Vitkova
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 72 Tzarigradsko Chaussee Blvd., 1784 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Albena Momchilova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Bozhil Robev
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital "Sv. Ivan Rilski", 15 Acad. Ivan Geshov Blvd., 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Biliana Nikolova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Plamen Krastev
- Cardiology Clinic, University Hospital "St. Ekaterina", 52 Pencho Slaveikov Blvd., 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Philippe Nuss
- Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, INSERM UMRS 938, Sorbonne Université, 75012 Paris, France
- Department of Psychiatry, Saint-Antoine Hospital, DMU Neuroscience, Sorbonne University, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), 75012 Paris, France
| | - Miglena I Angelova
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Engineering, Sorbonne University, 75005 Paris, France
- Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC), CNRS UMR 7057, University Paris Cite-Diderot, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Galya Staneva
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
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Bakalova R, Lazarova D, Sumiyoshi A, Shibata S, Zhelev Z, Nikolova B, Semkova S, Vlaykova T, Aoki I, Higashi T. Redox-Cycling "Mitocans" as Effective New Developments in Anticancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098435. [PMID: 37176145 PMCID: PMC10179378 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Our study proposes a pharmacological strategy to target cancerous mitochondria via redox-cycling "mitocans" such as quinone/ascorbate (Q/A) redox-pairs, which makes cancer cells fragile and sensitive without adverse effects on normal cells and tissues. Eleven Q/A redox-pairs were tested on cultured cells and cancer-bearing mice. The following parameters were analyzed: cell proliferation/viability, mitochondrial superoxide, steady-state ATP, tissue redox-state, tumor-associated NADH oxidase (tNOX) expression, tumor growth, and survival. Q/A redox-pairs containing unprenylated quinones exhibited strong dose-dependent antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects on cancer cells, accompanied by overproduction of mitochondrial superoxide and accelerated ATP depletion. In normal cells, the same redox-pairs did not significantly affect the viability and energy homeostasis, but induced mild mitochondrial oxidative stress, which is well tolerated. Benzoquinone/ascorbate redox-pairs were more effective than naphthoquinone/ascorbate, with coenzyme Q0/ascorbate exhibiting the most pronounced anticancer effects in vitro and in vivo. Targeted anticancer effects of Q/A redox-pairs and their tolerance to normal cells and tissues are attributed to: (i) downregulation of quinone prenylation in cancer, leading to increased mitochondrial production of semiquinone and, consequently, superoxide; (ii) specific and accelerated redox-cycling of unprenylated quinones and ascorbate mainly in the impaired cancerous mitochondria due to their redox imbalance; and (iii) downregulation of tNOX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rumiana Bakalova
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST), Chiba 263-8555, Japan
- Faculty of Medicine, Sofia University, St. Kliment Ohridski, 1407 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Dessislava Lazarova
- Faculty of Medicine, Sofia University, St. Kliment Ohridski, 1407 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Akira Sumiyoshi
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST), Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Sayaka Shibata
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST), Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Zhivko Zhelev
- Faculty of Medicine, Trakia University, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Biliana Nikolova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Severina Semkova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Tatyana Vlaykova
- Faculty of Medicine, Trakia University, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Ichio Aoki
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST), Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Higashi
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST), Chiba 263-8555, Japan
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Ivanova D, Toneva M, Simeonov E, Nikolova B, Semkova S, Antov G, Yaneva Z. Newly Synthesized Lignin Microparticles as Bioinspired Oral Drug-Delivery Vehicles: Flavonoid-Carrier Potential and In Vitro Radical-Scavenging Activity. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15041067. [PMID: 37111553 PMCID: PMC10142347 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to synthesize lignin microparticles, to evaluate their physicochemical, spectral, morphological and structural characteristics, to examine their encapsulation and in vitro release potential and behaviour towards the flavonoid morin in simulated physiological medium and to assess the in vitro radical-scavenging potential of the morin-loaded lignin microcarrier systems. The physicochemical, structural and morphological characteristics of alkali lignin, lignin particles (LP) and morin-encapsulated lignin microparticles (LMP) were determined based on particle size distribution, SEM, UV/Vis spectrophotometric, FTIR and potentiometric titration analyses. The encapsulation efficiency of LMP was 98.1%. The FTIR analyses proved that morin was successfully encapsulated in the LP without unexpected chemical reactions between the flavonoid and the heteropolymer. The in vitro release performance of the microcarrier system was successfully mathematically described by Korsmeyer–Peppas and the sigmoidal models outlining the general role of diffusion during the initial stages of the in vitro release process in simulated gastric fluid (SGF), and the predominant contribution of biopolymer relaxation and erosion was determined in simulated intestinal medium (SIF). The higher radical-scavenging potential of LMP, as compared to that of LP, was proven via DPPH and ABTS assays. The synthesis of lignin microcarriers not only provides a facile approach for the utilization of the heteropolymer but also determines its potential for the design of drug-delivery matrices.
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Robev B, Iliev I, Tsoneva I, Momchilova A, Nesheva A, Kostadinova A, Staneva G, Nikolova B. Antitumor Effect of Iscador on Breast Cancer Cell Lines with Different Metastatic Potential. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065247. [PMID: 36982323 PMCID: PMC10049140 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies were performed for the first time on the effect of Iscador Qu and Iscador M on phototoxicity, cytotoxicity, antiproliferative activity, changes in ξ-potential of cells, membrane lipid order, actin cytoskeleton organization and migration on three breast cancer lines with different metastatic potential: MCF10A (control), MCF-7 (low metastatic) and MDA-MB231 (high metastatic) cells. The tested Iscador Qu and M did not show any phototoxicity. The antiproliferative effect of Iscador species appeared to be dose-dependent and was related to the metastatic potential of the tested cell lines. A higher selectivity index was obtained for Iscador Qu and M towards the low metastatic MCF-7 cell line compared to the high metastatic MDA-MB-231. Iscador Qu demonstrated higher selectivity for both cancer cell lines compared to Iscador M. The malignant cell lines exhibited a decrease in fibril number and thickness regardless of the type of Iscador used. The strongest effect on migration potential was observed for the low metastatic cancer cell line MCF-7 after Iscador treatment. Both Iscador species induced a slight increase in the percentage of cells in early apoptosis for the low and high metastatic cell lines, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231, unlike control cells. Changes in the zeta potential and membrane lipid order were observed for the low metastatic MCF-7 cell line in contrast to the high metastatic MDA-MB-231 cells. The presented results reveal a higher potential of Iscador as an antitumor agent for the low metastatic cancer cell line MCF-7 compared to the high metastatic one. Iscador Qu appears to be more potent compared to Iscador M, but at this point, the exact mechanism of action is still unclear and needs further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bozhil Robev
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital “Sv. Ivan Rilski”, 15 Acad. Ivan Geshov Blvd., 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Ivan Iliev
- Institute of Experimental Morphology, Pathology and Anthropology with Museum, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 25, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Iana Tsoneva
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Albena Momchilova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
- Correspondence:
| | - Alexandrina Nesheva
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Aneliya Kostadinova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Galya Staneva
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Biliana Nikolova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
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Semkova S, Nikolova B, Tsoneva I, Antov G, Ivanova D, Angelov A, Zhelev Z, Bakalova R. Redox-mediated Anticancer Activity of Anti-parasitic Drug Fenbendazole in Triple-negative Breast Cancer Cells. Anticancer Res 2023; 43:1207-1212. [PMID: 36854536 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.16267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM An increasing number of studies are reporting anticancer activity of widely used antiparasitic drugs and particularly benzimidazoles. Fenbendazole is considered safe and tolerable in most animal species at the effective doses as an anthelmintic. Little is known about the redox-modulating properties of fenbendazole and the molecular mechanisms of its antiproliferative effects. Our study aimed to investigate the possibility of selective redox-mediated treatment of triple-negative breast cancer cells by fenbendazole without affecting the viability and redox status of normal breast epithelial cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS The experiments were performed on three cell lines: normal breast epithelial cells (MCF-10A) and cancer breast epithelial cells (MCF7 - luminal adenocarcinoma, low metastatic; MDA-MB-231 - triple-negative adenocarcinoma, highly metastatic). Cells were treated with fenbendazole for 48-h and three parameters were analyzed using conventional assays: cell viability and proliferation, level of intracellular superoxide, and level of hydroperoxides. RESULTS The data demonstrated that MDA-MB-231 cells were more vulnerable to fenbendazole-induced oxidative stress than MCF-7 cells. In normal breast epithelial cells MCF-10A, fenbendazole significantly suppressed oxidative stress compared to untreated controls. These data correlate with the effect of fenbendazole on cell viability and the IC50 values, which is indirect evidence of the potential targeting anticancer effect of the drug, especially in MDA-MB-231 cells. CONCLUSION The difference in the levels of oxidative stress induced by fenbendazole in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 indicates that the two types of breast cancer respond to the drug through different redox-related mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Severina Semkova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Biliana Nikolova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Iana Tsoneva
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Georgi Antov
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria.,Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Donika Ivanova
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Anton Angelov
- Thoracic Surgery, Acıbadem City Clinic Tokuda Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Zhivko Zhelev
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria.,Faculty of Medicine, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Rumiana Bakalova
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST), Chiba, Japan; .,Faculty of Medicine, Sofia University "St. Kliment Ohridski", Sofia, Bulgaria
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Ivanova D, Semkova S, Yaneva Z, Nikolova B, Zhelev Z, Bakalova R, Aoki I. Docosahexaenoic Acid Potentiates the Anticancer Effect of the Menadione/Ascorbate Redox Couple by Increasing Mitochondrial Superoxide and Accelerating ATP Depletion. Anticancer Res 2023; 43:1213-1220. [PMID: 36854499 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.16268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Mitochondria-targeted anticancer drugs ("mitocans") of natural origin are attractive candidates as adjuvants in cancer therapy. The redox couple menadione/ascorbate (M/A), which belongs to the "mitocans" family, induces selective oxidative stress in cancerous mitochondria and cells, respectively. DHA has also been found to regulate the mevalonate pathway, which is closely related to the prenylation of the cytotoxic menadione to the non-cytotoxic menaquinone. The aim of this study was to elucidate the ability of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) to potentiate the anticancer effect of M/A by increasing ROS production, as well as affecting steady-state ATP levels in cancer cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS The experiments were performed on leukemic lymphocyte Jurkat. Cells were treated with DHA, M/A, and their combination (M/A/DHA) and four parameters were examined using the following assays: cell viability and proliferation, steady-state ATP, mitochondrial superoxide, intracellular hydroperoxides. Three independent experiments with two or six parallel measurements were performed for each parameter. RESULTS The triple combination M/A/DHA was characterized by much higher antiproliferative activity and cytotoxicity than M/A and DHA administered alone. DHA significantly accelerated M/A-induced ATP depletion in cells, which was accompanied by an additional increase in mitochondrial superoxide compared to cells treated with M/A or DHA alone. CONCLUSION DHA significantly enhanced M/A-induced cytotoxicity in leukemic lymphocytes by inducing severe mitochondrial oxidative stress and accelerated ATP depletion. Selective DHA-mediated suppression of cholesterol synthesis in cancer cells (involved in the prenylation of cytotoxic menadione to the less cytotoxic phylloquinone), as well as DHA-mediated inhibition of superoxide dismutase are suggested to underlie the potentiation of the anticancer effect of M/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donika Ivanova
- Department of Pharmacology, Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Severina Semkova
- Department of Electroinduced and Adhesive Properties, Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Zvezdelina Yaneva
- Department of Pharmacology, Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Biliana Nikolova
- Department of Electroinduced and Adhesive Properties, Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Zhivko Zhelev
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria.,Department of Electroinduced and Adhesive Properties, Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Rumiana Bakalova
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST), Chiba, Japan; .,Department of Physics, Biophysics and Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Sofia University "St. Kliment Ohridski", Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Ichio Aoki
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST), Chiba, Japan
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Sulikovska IS, Ivanova E, Ivanov I, Tasheva D, Dimitrova M, Nikolova B, Iliev I. Study on the Phototoxicity and Antitumor Activity of Plant Extracts from Tanacetum vulgare L., Epilobium parviflorum Schreb., and Geranium sanguineum L. Int J Bioautomation 2023. [DOI: 10.7546/ijba.2023.27.1.000888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Our country is rich in medicinal plants with a thousand-year tradition of use for therapeutic and cosmetic purposes. World Health Organization estimates that around 70% of population is using traditional (folk) medicine to cure various ailments. In many cases, herbal preparations prove to be useful, but some of them can also exert toxic effects. Therefore, herbal extracts should be tested both as curatives and for safety application. The aim of the present work was to investigate extracts from Tanacetum vulgare (TVA), Epilobium parviflorum (EPE) and Geranium sanguineum (GSA), obtained by different organic solvents, for their phototoxicity and anticancer activity. The standard BALB/c 3T3 Neutral Red Uptake phototoxicity/cytotoxicity assay was used to evaluate the possible phototoxic properties of the extracts. The antitumor activity of the extracts was studied in vitro on a panel of human tumor cell lines in comparison to the non-tumorigenic MCF-10A cells. The selectivity indices and the photo-irritancy factors were determined. The results show that the studied extracts are not phototoxic at concentration range from 4 to 1000 µg/ml. Determined photo-irritancy factors (PIF) for the extracts was < 2 (PIF for EPE = 1.72, GSA = 1.04, TVA = 1.43), which assigns them to the category of non-phototoxic substances. In addition, at concentrations lower than < 60 µg/ml, no statistically significant cytotoxicity was observed. The selectivity index was calculated relative to the IC50 value for non-tumorigenic MCF-10A cells. The highest selective index obtained with respect to the HT-29 cells was shown by all testing extracts (selective index (SI) for EPE = 2.6, GSA = 2.4 and TVA = 2.5), to the HeLa cells by extract GSA (SI = 2.0) and to the PC3 cells by extracts GSA (SI = 2.6) and TVA (SI = 2.0). Presented data shows that the studied extracts have a high level of photosafety with a promising antitumor activity in certain cell lines.
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Nikolova B, Pankov R, Staneva G, Krastev N, Markovska T, Pankov S, Vassileva E, Krastev D, Momchilova A. Quercetin Influences Phospholipase A2 Products in A549 Adenocarcinoma Cells. C R Acad Bulg Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.7546/crabs.2022.11.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The effect of quercetin on phospholipase A2 activity and its products has been investigated in A549 adenocarcinoma cells. Quercetin is a polyphenol of medico-biological significance, which has been reported to show antioxidant and anti-tumour beneficial effects. Phospholipids are functionally active molecules, which participate in various cellular processes, acting as second messengers, enzyme activators, membrane transporters, etc. Although there are many studies dealing with the influence of quercetin on the lipid metabolism of different types of cancer cells, the mechanism of this effect
remains largely unclear. The present study showed that quercetin treatment of A549 cells induced activation of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activity, the latter being known as a source of pro-inflammatory intermediate metabolites. The phospholipid analysis of membranes from A549 cells revealed reduction of
phosphatidylcholine (PC) and an increase of the level of lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC). In addition, acyl chain analysis showed an elevation of some polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as arachidonic acid (AA), the latter being a major product of PLA2. The content of lipid peroxides was also elevated in membranes from quercetin-treated A549 cells, which we presume is related to the higher content of polyunsaturated fatty acids, which are an excellent target of oxidative destruction.
In conclusion, the present results show that treatment of A549 adenocarcinoma cells with the polyphenol quercetin induces activation of membrane-bound PLA2, which is a source polyunsaturated fatty acids, the
latter producing lipid peroxides. We presume that this mechanism underlies the reported by other authors elevation of oxidative stress, which is induced by quercetin treatment of cancerous cells.
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Momchilova A, Pankov R, Staneva G, Pankov S, Krastev P, Vassileva E, Hazarosova R, Krastev N, Robev B, Nikolova B, Pinkas A. Resveratrol Affects Sphingolipid Metabolism in A549 Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810870. [PMID: 36142801 PMCID: PMC9505893 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol is a naturally occurring polyphenol which has various beneficial effects, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-aging, antioxidant, and neuroprotective effects, among others. The anti-cancer activity of resveratrol has been related to alterations in sphingolipid metabolism. We analyzed the effect of resveratrol on the enzymes responsible for accumulation of the two sphingolipids with highest functional activity—apoptosis promoting ceramide (CER) and proliferation-stimulating sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P)—in human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells. Resveratrol treatment induced an increase in CER and sphingosine (SPH) and a decrease in sphingomyelin (SM) and S1P. Our results showed that the most common mode of CER accumulation, through sphingomyelinase-induced hydrolysis of SM, was not responsible for a CER increase despite the reduction in SM in A549 plasma membranes. However, both the activity and the expression of CER synthase 6 were upregulated in resveratrol-treated cells, implying that CER was accumulated as a result of stimulated de novo synthesis. Furthermore, the enzyme responsible for CER hydrolysis, alkaline ceramidase, was not altered, suggesting that it was not related to changes in the CER level. The enzyme maintaining the balance between apoptosis and proliferation, sphingosine kinase 1 (SK1), was downregulated, and its expression was reduced, resulting in a decrease in S1P levels in resveratrol-treated lung adenocarcinoma cells. In addition, incubation of resveratrol-treated A549 cells with the SK1 inhibitors DMS and fingolimod additionally downregulated SK1 without affecting its expression. The present studies provide information concerning the biochemical processes underlying the influence of resveratrol on sphingolipid metabolism in A549 lung cancer cells and reveal possibilities for combined use of polyphenols with specific anti-proliferative agents that could serve as the basis for the development of complex therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albena Momchilova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str. bl.21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
- Correspondence: ; Tel.:+359-2-9792686 or +359-898-238971
| | - Roumen Pankov
- Biological Faculty, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridki”, 8, Dragan Tzankov Str., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Galya Staneva
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str. bl.21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Stefan Pankov
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str. bl.21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Plamen Krastev
- Cardiology Clinic, University Hospital “St. Ekaterina”, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Evgenia Vassileva
- Clinic of Neurology, Tsaritsa Yoanna University Hospital-ISUL, 1527 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Rusina Hazarosova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str. bl.21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Nikolai Krastev
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical University—Sofia, Blvd. Sv. Georgi Sofiisky 1, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria
- Medical Center Relax, 8 Ami Bue Str., 1606 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Bozhil Robev
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Multi-Profile Hospital for Active Treatment (UMHAT) “St. Ivan Rilski”, 1606 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Biliana Nikolova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str. bl.21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Adriana Pinkas
- CSTEP, Office of Continuing Education, Suffolk County Community College 30 Greene Ave., Sayville, NY 11782, USA
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Iliev I, Sulikovska I, Ivanova E, Dimitrova M, Nikolova B, Andreeva C. Validation of a Light Source for Phototoxicity in in vitro Conditions. Int J Bioautomation 2022. [DOI: 10.7546/ijba.2022.26.2.000837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Phototoxicity is a chemically induced skin irritation in the presence of sunlight. Phototoxic substances after irradiation with sunlight absorb and convert light energy into chemical energy, leading to the formation of highly reactive oxygen species with toxic effects. Recently LED technologies made possible their application for novel effective solar simulators, to be used in biology and medicine. We study the possibilities of application of LED sunlight simulator (Helios-iO, model LE-9ND55-H – 5500K) for in vitro testing of synthetic and natural products for phototoxicity. Cytotoxicity/phototoxicity was assessed by validated BALB/3T3 clone A31 Neutral Red Uptake Assay. The morphological alterations in BALB/3T3 cells induced by the Radachlorin® and irradiated with dose 2.4 J, were analyzed by fluorescent microscopy. The physical characteristics of the lamp were determined and the intensity distribution of the LED light over a model of a 96-well plate at a distance of 25 cm from the lamp diode matrix center was estimated. The obtained results show that the light emitted by the solar simulator used is similar to the natural sun light. The biological testing results reveal the high efficiency of the solar simulator in an in vitro experimental system for phototoxicity testing.
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Semkova S, Ivanova D, Nikolova B, Zlateva G, Bakalova R, Zhelev Z, Aoki I. Inhibition of ATP-synthase potentiates cytotoxicity of combination drug menadione/ascorbate in leukaemia lymphocytes. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2021.1996268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Severina Semkova
- Department of Electroinduced and Adhesive Properties, Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Donika Ivanova
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology of Animals and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Biliana Nikolova
- Department of Electroinduced and Adhesive Properties, Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Genoveva Zlateva
- Department of Physics, Biophysics and Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Rumiana Bakalova
- Department of Physics, Biophysics and Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, Sofia, Bulgaria
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST), Chiba, Japan
| | - Zhivko Zhelev
- Department of Electroinduced and Adhesive Properties, Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Ichio Aoki
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST), Chiba, Japan
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Dimov S, Mavrova AT, Yancheva D, Nikolova B, Tsoneva I. Thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-one Derivatives of Benzimidazole as Potential Anti- Breast Cancer (MDA-MB-231, MCF-7) Agents. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 21:1441-1450. [PMID: 32698751 DOI: 10.2174/1871520620666200721131431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The purpose of this study was the synthesis of some new thienopyrimidine derivatives of 1,3-disubstituted benzimidazoles and the evaluation of their cytotoxicity against MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, and 3T3 cells lines. BACKGROUND An overexpression or mutational activation of TK receptors EGFR and HER2/neu is characteristic of tumors. It has been found that some thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidines exhibited better inhibitory activity against Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR/ErbB-2) tyrosine kinase in comparison to aminoquinazolines. Breast cancer activity towards MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cell lines by inhibiting EGFR was revealed by a novel 2-arylbenzimidazole. This motivated the synthesis of new thienopyrimidines possessing benzimidazole fragments in order to evaluate their cytotoxicity to the above-mentioned cell lines. OBJECTIVE The objectives of the study were to design and synthesize a novel series of thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidines bearing biologically active moieties, such as 1,3-disubstituted-benzimidazole heterocycle, structurally similar to diaryl ureas in order to evaluate their cytotoxicity against MDA-MB-231, and MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines. METHODS N,N-disubstituted benzimidazole-2-one carbonitriles were synthesized by Aza-Michael addition and used as precursors to generate some of the new thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidines in acidic medium The interaction of chloroethyl-2-thienopyrimidines, 2-amino-benzimidazole and benzimidazol-2-one nitriles under solid-liquid transfer catalysis conditions led to new thienopyrimidines. MTT assay for cell survival was performed in order to evaluate the cytotoxicity of the tested compounds. A fluorescence study was conducted to elucidate some aspects of the mechanism of action. RESULTS The effects of nine synthesized compounds were investigated towards MDA-MB-231, MCF-7 and 3T3 cell lines. Thieno[2,3-d]pyirimidine-4-one 16 (IC50 - 0.058μM) and 21 (IC50 - 0.029μM) possess high cytotoxicity against MDA-MB-231 cells after 24h. The most cytotoxic compounds against breast cancer MCF-7 cells was compound 21 (IC50 - 0.074μM), revealing lower cytotoxicity against mouse fibroblast 3T3 cells with IC50 - 0.20μM. SAR analysis was performed. Fluorescence study of the treatment of MDA-MB cells with compound 21 was carried out in order to clarify some aspects of the mechanism of action. CONCLUSION The relationship between cytotoxicity of compounds 14 and 20 against MCF-7 and 3T3 cells can suggest a similar mechanism of action. The antitumor potential of the tested compounds proves the necessity for further investigation to estimate the exact inhibition pathway in the cellular processes. The fluorescence study of the treatment of MDA-MB cells with compound 21 showed a rapid process of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Dimov
- Department of Organic Synthesis, University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy, 8 Kliment Ohridski Blvd., 1756 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Anelia Ts Mavrova
- Department of Organic Synthesis, University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy, 8 Kliment Ohridski Blvd., 1756 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Denitsa Yancheva
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Build. 9, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Biliana Nikolova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Street, Build. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Iana Tsoneva
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Street, Build. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
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Dimitrova D, Nikolova B, Bogoeva V, Robev B, Tsoneva I, Dimitrov S, Kadinov B. Do Mistletoe (Viscum album L.) Lectins Influence Isometric Contraction of Non-diseased Human Mesenteric Arteries ex vivo? Int J Bioautomation 2021. [DOI: 10.7546/ijba.2021.25.1.000788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Mistletoe (Viscum album L., VA) lectins (MLs) are plant lectins with potent anticancer activity. Although wide use of VA extracts in curing cancer, the effects of purified MLs on human vasculature in term of possible side effect of the lectin has not yet been reported. The present study was aimed to investigate isometric contractions of isolated human mesenteric arteries during MLs application. The contractile response of arteries was studied using Mulvany-Halpern myograph and the isometric contractions under MLs’ treatment were examined in artery segments with either intact endothelium or after endothelium removal. Furthermore, the effect of the lectin was assessed in arterial preparations in basal tension, in arteries precontracted with 42 mM KCl as a depolarizing stimulus or endothelin-1 (ET-1) as a potent receptor-operated agonist of vascular smooth muscle contraction. The results showed that MLs (1 to 100 nM) failed to affect the high K+-induced contractions of both endothelium-intact and endothelium-denuded arteries. The contractions of tissue preparations without endothelium in basal tone or after ET-1 (1 nM) treatment were also not affected by the application of MLs. The observed mild effect of MLs on the contractility of human vasculature may potentially be beneficial with MLs-based anticancer therapy without vascular side effects.
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Nikolova B, Semkova S, Tsoneva I, Stoyanova E, Lefterov P, Lazarova D, Zhelev Z, Aoki I, Higashi T, Bakalova R. Redox-related Molecular Mechanism of Sensitizing Colon Cancer Cells to Camptothecin Analog SN38. Anticancer Res 2020; 40:5159-5170. [PMID: 32878804 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.14519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM The aim of this study was to elucidate the possibility of sensitizing colon cancer cells to the chemotherapeutic drug SN38 and investigate its mechanism of action after combined treatment with electroporation (EP). MATERIALS AND METHODS Cells were treated with SN38, EP and their combination for 24/48 h. The cell viability, actin cytoskeleton integrity, mitochondrial superoxide, hydroperoxides, total glutathione, phosphatidyl serine expression, DNA damages and expression of membrane ABC transporters were analyzed using conventional analytical tests. RESULTS The combination of EP and SN38 affected cell viability and cytoskeleton integrity. This effect was accompanied by: (i) high production of intracellular superoxide and hydroperoxides and depletion of glutathione; (ii) increased DNA damage and apoptotic/ferroptotic cell death; (iii) changes in the expression of membrane ABC transporters - up-regulation of SLCO1B1 and retention of SN38 in the cells. CONCLUSION The anticancer effect of the combined treatment of SN38 and EP is related to changes in the redox-homeostasis of cancer cells, leading to cell death via apoptosis and/or ferroptosis. Thus, electroporation has a potential to increase the sensitivity of cancer cells to conventional anticancer therapy with SN38.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biliana Nikolova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria.,Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS), and
| | - Severina Semkova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria.,Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS), and.,Group of Quantum-State Controlled MRI, Institute for Quantum Life Science, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST), Chiba, Japan
| | - Iana Tsoneva
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Elena Stoyanova
- Institute of Biology and Immunology of Reproduction "Acad. Kiril Bratanov", Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Pavel Lefterov
- Faculty of Educational Studies and the Arts, Sofia University, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | | | - Zhivko Zhelev
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria.,Medical Faculty, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Ichio Aoki
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS), and.,Group of Quantum-State Controlled MRI, Institute for Quantum Life Science, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST), Chiba, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Higashi
- Group of Quantum-State Controlled MRI, Institute for Quantum Life Science, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST), Chiba, Japan
| | - Rumiana Bakalova
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS), and .,Group of Quantum-State Controlled MRI, Institute for Quantum Life Science, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST), Chiba, Japan.,Medical Faculty, Sofia University, Sofia, Bulgaria
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Kadinov B, Nikolova B, Tsoneva I, Semkova S, Kabaivanova L, Dimitrova D. Trehalose Lipid Biosurfactant Reduced Cancer Cell Viability but Did not Affect the Isometric Contraction of Rat Mesenteric Arteries in vitro. Int J Bioautomation 2020. [DOI: 10.7546/ijba.2020.24.1.000708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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17
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Nikolova B, Antov G, Semkova S, Tsoneva I, Christova N, Nacheva L, Kardaleva P, Angelova S, Stoineva I, Ivanova J, Vasileva I, Kabaivanova L. Bacterial Natural Disaccharide (Trehalose Tetraester): Molecular Modeling and in Vitro Study of Anticancer Activity on Breast Cancer Cells. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E499. [PMID: 32102469 PMCID: PMC7077702 DOI: 10.3390/polym12020499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Isolation and characterization of new biologically active substances affecting cancer cells is an important issue of fundamental research in biomedicine. Trehalose lipid was isolated from Rhodococcus wratislaviensis strain and purified by liquid chromatography. The effect of trehalose lipid on cell viability and migration, together with colony forming assays, were performed on two breast cancer (MCF7-low metastatic; MDA-MB231-high metastatic) and one "normal" (MCF10A) cell lines. Molecular modeling that details the structure of the neutral and anionic form (more stable at physiological pH) of the tetraester was carried out. The tentative sizes of the hydrophilic (7.5 Å) and hydrophobic (12.5 Å) portions of the molecule were also determined. Thus, the used trehalose lipid is supposed to interact as a single molecule. The changes in morphology, adhesion, viability, migration, and the possibility of forming colonies in cancer cell lines induced after treatment with trehalose lipid were found to be dose and time dependent. Based on the theoretical calculations, a possible mechanism of action and membrane asymmetry between outer and inner monolayers of the bilayer resulting in endosome formation were suggested. Initial data suggest a mechanism of antitumor activity of the purified trehalose lipid and its potential for biomedical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biliana Nikolova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, “Acad. G. Bonchev” Str., Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (G.A.); (S.S.); (I.T.)
| | - Georgi Antov
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, “Acad. G. Bonchev” Str., Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (G.A.); (S.S.); (I.T.)
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, “Acad. G. Bonchev” Str., Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (J.I.); (I.V.)
| | - Severina Semkova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, “Acad. G. Bonchev” Str., Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (G.A.); (S.S.); (I.T.)
| | - Iana Tsoneva
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, “Acad. G. Bonchev” Str., Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (G.A.); (S.S.); (I.T.)
| | - Nelly Christova
- The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, “Acad. G. Bonchev” Str., Bl. 26, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (N.C.); (L.N.)
| | - Lilyana Nacheva
- The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, “Acad. G. Bonchev” Str., Bl. 26, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (N.C.); (L.N.)
| | - Proletina Kardaleva
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, “Acad. G. Bonchev” Str., Bl. 9, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (P.K.); (I.S.)
| | - Silvia Angelova
- Institute of Optical Materials and Technologies “Acad. Jordan Malinowski”, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, “Acad. G. Bonchev” Str., Bl. 109, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Ivanka Stoineva
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, “Acad. G. Bonchev” Str., Bl. 9, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (P.K.); (I.S.)
| | - Juliana Ivanova
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, “Acad. G. Bonchev” Str., Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (J.I.); (I.V.)
| | - Ivanina Vasileva
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, “Acad. G. Bonchev” Str., Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (J.I.); (I.V.)
| | - Lyudmila Kabaivanova
- The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, “Acad. G. Bonchev” Str., Bl. 26, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (N.C.); (L.N.)
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Nikolova B, Semkova S, Tsoneva I, Antov G, Ivanova J, Vasileva I, Kardaleva P, Stoineva I, Christova N, Nacheva L, Kabaivanova L. Characterization and potential antitumor effect of a heteropolysaccharide produced by the red alga Porphyridium sordidum. Eng Life Sci 2019; 19:978-985. [PMID: 32624987 PMCID: PMC6999067 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201900019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Taking into account the rising trend of the incidence of cancers of various organs, effective therapies are urgently needed to control human malignancies. However, almost all chemotherapy drugs currently on the market cause serious side effects. Fortunately, several studies have shown that some non-toxic biological macromolecules, including algal polysaccharides, possess anti-cancer activities or can increase the efficacy of conventional chemotherapy drugs. Polysaccharides are characteristic secondary metabolites of many algae. The efficacy of polysaccharides on the normal and cancer cells is not well investigated, but our investigations proved a cell specific effect of a newly isolated extracellular polysaccharide from the red microalga Porphyridium sordidum. The investigated substance was composed of xylose:glucose and galactose:manose:rhamnose in a molar ratio of 1:0.52:0.44:0.31. Reversible electroporation has been exploited to increase the transport through the plasma membrane into the tested breast cancer tumor cells MCF-7 and MDA-MB231. Application of 75 µg/mL polysaccharide in combination with 200 V/cm electroporation induced 40% decrease in viability of MDA-MB231 cells and changes in cell morphology while control cells (MCF10A) remained with normal morphology and kept vitality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biliana Nikolova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical EngineeringBulgarian Academy of SciencesSofiaBulgaria
| | - Severina Semkova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical EngineeringBulgarian Academy of SciencesSofiaBulgaria
| | - Iana Tsoneva
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical EngineeringBulgarian Academy of SciencesSofiaBulgaria
| | - Georgi Antov
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical EngineeringBulgarian Academy of SciencesSofiaBulgaria
| | - Juliana Ivanova
- Institute of Plant Physiology and GeneticsBulgarian Academy of SciencesSofiaBulgaria
| | - Ivanina Vasileva
- Institute of Plant Physiology and GeneticsBulgarian Academy of SciencesSofiaBulgaria
| | - Proletina Kardaleva
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of PhytochemistryBulgarian Academy of SciencesSofiaBulgaria
| | - Ivanka Stoineva
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of PhytochemistryBulgarian Academy of SciencesSofiaBulgaria
| | - Nelly Christova
- The Stephan Angeloff Institute of MicrobiologyBulgarian Academy of SciencesSofiaBulgaria
| | - Lilyana Nacheva
- The Stephan Angeloff Institute of MicrobiologyBulgarian Academy of SciencesSofiaBulgaria
| | - Lyudmila Kabaivanova
- The Stephan Angeloff Institute of MicrobiologyBulgarian Academy of SciencesSofiaBulgaria
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Semkova S, Nikolova B, Zhelev Z, Tsoneva I, Zlateva G, Aoki I, Bakalova R. Loading Efficiency of Polymersomes with Contrast Agents and their Intracellular Delivery: Quantum Dots Versus Organic Dyes. Anticancer Res 2018; 38:825-831. [PMID: 29374708 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.12290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Contrast nanocarriers as drug-delivery systems, capable of selective delivery to cancer cells and solid tumors, are essential for the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic (theranostic) strategies. The present study aimed to investigate the loading efficiency of chitosan-based polymersomes with fluorescent contrast substances [quantum dots (QDs) and conventional organic dyes] and the possibility to control their release from the polymer matrix into cells by chemical modifications and electroporation. MATERIALS AND METHODS All investigated fluorophores were retained within the polymer globule via electrostatic and hydrophilic-hydrophobic interactions, without conjugation with the polymer. The fluorophore-loaded polymersomes were characterized by dynamic light scattering, zeta-potential titration, and fluorescence spectroscopy. The release of fluorophore from the polymersomes, passively or after electroporation, was detected by 5-step spin-ultrafiltration, combined with fluorescence spectroscopy of the upper phase (supernatant) of the filter unit. Passive intracellular delivery of the nanoparticles to HeLa cells was detected by fluorescence confocal microscopy. RESULTS The QDs were retained tightly and continuously in the polymer matrix, while the organic fluorophores [fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), FITC-dextran10,000 and FITC-dextran70,000] were released rapidly from the polymersomes. The detergent Brij significantly increased the retention of FITC-dextran10,000 in the polymer globule. Electroporation up to 1000 V/cm did not induce release of QDs from the polymersomes, but accelerated the release of Brij-treated FITC-dextran10,000 B from the polymer matrix. High-voltage pulses (over 750 V/cm) induced also fragmentation or aggregation of the nanoparticles. QD_labeled polymersomes penetrated passively in cancer cells after 24-hour incubation. CONCLUSION The results suggest that QD-labeled polymersomes are appropriate fluorescent probes and a nano-drug delivery system with high tracing opportunities for in vitro and in vivo applications. Furthermore, loading polymersomes with organic dyes with different molecular weights (such as FITC-dextrans) is a simple model for visualizing and predicting the rate of release of small organic molecules (e.g. conventional drugs, other contrasts, stabilizers, and supplements) from the polymer matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Severina Semkova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Biliana Nikolova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Zhivko Zhelev
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria.,Medical Faculty, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Iana Tsoneva
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | | | - Ichio Aoki
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Sciences (QST/NIRS), Inage, Japan.,Group of Quantum-state Controlled MRI, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Sciences (QST/NIRS), Inage, Japan
| | - Rumiana Bakalova
- Medical Faculty, Sofia University, Sofia, Bulgaria .,Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Sciences (QST/NIRS), Inage, Japan.,Group of Quantum-state Controlled MRI, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Sciences (QST/NIRS), Inage, Japan
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Bakalova R, Zhelev Z, Shibata S, Nikolova B, Aoki I, Higashi T. Impressive Suppression of Colon Cancer Growth by Triple Combination SN38/EF24/Melatonin: "Oncogenic" Versus "Onco-Suppressive" Reactive Oxygen Species. Anticancer Res 2017; 37:5449-5458. [PMID: 28982855 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.11973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM The study aimed to investigate the effect of multi-targeted combinations (SN38/EF24; SN38/EF24/melatonin) on the growth of colon cancer in experimental animals and their impact on the ratio "oncogenic"/"onco-suppressive" reactive oxygen species (ROS) - a crucial factor for triggering carcinogenesis, as well as for development of effective therapeutic strategies. MATERIALS AND METHODS The experiments were conducted on colon cancer-grafted mice - non-treated, SN38/EF24-treated and SN38/EF24/melatonin-treated within 22 days. The balance between different types of ROS was measured in vivo by nitroxide-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), as well as on isolated tissue specimens by conventional analytical tests. RESULTS Both combinations significantly suppressed the tumor growth. Impressive anticancer effect was observed in SN38/EF24/melatonin-treated mice - almost complete destruction of the tumor. Both types of ROS (superoxide and hydroperoxides) were elevated in cancer, but the MRI data suggest that the ratio between them tends towards superoxide. SN38/EF24 decreased the level of superoxide, but did not affect the level of hydroperoxides in the cancerous tissue, while SN38/EF24/melatonin decreased the level of superoxide below the control and increased significantly the level of hydroperoxides. CONCLUSION The most important observations are that: (i) colon cancer was characterized by a vicious cycle, that ensures a permanent domination of "oncogenic" ROS (as superoxide) over "onco-suppressive" ROS (as hydrogen peroxide); (ii) the anticancer effect of the triple combination EF24/SN38/melatonin was accompanied by decreasing "oncogenic" and increasing "onco-suppressive" ROS; (iii) the ratio between both types of ROS could be a new onco-target for combined therapy; and (iv) nitroxide-enhanced MRI is a valuable tool for analyzing of this ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rumiana Bakalova
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS), National Institute for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST), Chiba, Japan .,Medical Faculty, Sofia University "St. Kliment Ohridski", Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Zhivko Zhelev
- Medical Faculty, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria.,Institute of Biophysics & Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Sayaka Shibata
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS), National Institute for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST), Chiba, Japan
| | - Biliana Nikolova
- Institute of Biophysics & Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Ichio Aoki
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS), National Institute for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST), Chiba, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Higashi
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS), National Institute for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST), Chiba, Japan
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Bakalova R, Zhelev Z, Nikolova B, Murayama S, Lazarova D, Tsoneva I, Aoki I. Lymph node mapping using quantum dot-labeled polymersomes. Gen Physiol Biophys 2016. [PMID: 26221745 DOI: 10.4149/gpb_2015007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The present study was designed to investigate whether poly-ion complex hollow vesicles (polymersomes), based on chemically-modified chitosan, are appropriate for lymph node mapping in the context of their application in the development of theranostic nanosized drug delivery systems (nano-DDS). The experiments were performed on Balb/c nude mice (colon cancer-grafted). The mice were subjected to anesthesia and quantum dot (QD(705))-labeled polymersomes (d-120 nm) were injected intravenously via the tail vein. The optical imaging was carried out on Maestro EX Imaging System (excitation filter: 435-480 nm; emission filter: 700 nm). A strong fluorescent signal, corresponding to QD(705) fluorescence, was detected in the lymph nodes, as well as in the tumor. A very weak fluorescent signal was found in the liver area. The half-life of QD(705)-labelled polymersomes was 6 ± 2 hours in the bloodstream and 11 ± 3 hours in the lymph nodes. The data suggest that polymersomes are very promising carriers for lymph node mapping using QD as a contrast agent. They are useful matrix for development of nano-formulations with theranostic capabilities.
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Bakalova R, Lazarova D, Nikolova B, Atanasova S, Zlateva G, Zhelev Z, Aoki I. Delivery of size-controlled long-circulating polymersomes in solid tumours, visualized by quantum dots and optical imaging in vivo. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2014; 29:175-180. [PMID: 26019630 PMCID: PMC4434099 DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2014.984894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was designed to investigate whether poly-ion complex hollow vesicles (polymersomes), based on chemically modified chitosan, are appropriate for passive tumour targeting in the context of their application as drug carriers. The experiments were performed on colon cancer-grafted mice. The mice were subjected to anaesthesia and injected intravenously with water-soluble nanoparticles: (1) QD705-labelled polymersomes (average size ∼120 nm; size distribution ∼10%) or (2) native QD705. The optical imaging was carried out on Maestro EX 2.10 In Vivo Imaging System (excitation filter 435-480 nm; emission filter 700 nm, longpass). In the case of QD705, the fluorescence appeared in the tumour area within 1 min after injection and disappeared completely within 60 min. A strong fluorescent signal was detected in the liver on the 30th minute. The visualization of tumour using QD705 was based only on angiogenesis. In the case of QD705-labelled polymersomes, the fluorescence appeared in the tumour area immediately after injection with excellent visualization of blood vessels in the whole body. A strong fluorescent signal was detected in the tumour area within 16 hours. This indicated that QD705-labelled polymersomes were delivered predominantly into the tumour due to their long circulation in the bloodstream and enhanced permeability and retention effect. A very weak fluorescent signal was found in the liver area. The data suggest that size-controlled long-circulating polymersomes are very promising carriers for drug delivery in solid tumours, including delivery of small nanoparticles and contrast substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rumiana Bakalova
- Diagnostic Imaging Program, Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Anagawa , Chiba , Japan ; Department of Physics, Biophysics and Roentgenology, Faculty of Medicine, Sofia University "St Kliment Ohridski" , Sofia , Bulgaria
| | - Desislava Lazarova
- Department of Physics, Biophysics and Roentgenology, Faculty of Medicine, Sofia University "St Kliment Ohridski" , Sofia , Bulgaria
| | - Biliana Nikolova
- Department of Electroinduced and Adhesive Properties, Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences , Sofia , Bulgaria
| | - Severina Atanasova
- Department of Electroinduced and Adhesive Properties, Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences , Sofia , Bulgaria
| | - Genoveva Zlateva
- Department of Physics, Biophysics and Roentgenology, Faculty of Medicine, Sofia University "St Kliment Ohridski" , Sofia , Bulgaria
| | - Zhivko Zhelev
- Diagnostic Imaging Program, Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Anagawa , Chiba , Japan ; Department of Electroinduced and Adhesive Properties, Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences , Sofia , Bulgaria ; Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Trakia University , Stara Zagora , Bulgaria
| | - Ichio Aoki
- Diagnostic Imaging Program, Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Anagawa , Chiba , Japan
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Christova N, Tuleva B, Kril A, Georgieva M, Konstantinov S, Terziyski I, Nikolova B, Stoineva I. Chemical structure and in vitro antitumor activity of rhamnolipids from Pseudomonas aeruginosa BN10. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2013; 170:676-89. [PMID: 23604971 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-013-0225-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2011] [Accepted: 04/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A newly isolated indigenous strain BN10 identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa was found to produce glycolipid (i.e., rhamnolipid-type) biosurfactants. Two representative rhamnolipidic fractions, RL-1 and RL-2, were separated on silica gel columns and their chemical structure was elucidated by a combination of nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectroscopy. Subsequently, their cytotoxic effect on cancer cell lines HL-60, BV-173, SKW-3, and JMSU-1 was investigated. RL-1 was superior in terms of potency, causing 50 % inhibition of cellular viability at lower concentrations, as compared to RL-2. Furthermore, the results from fluorescent staining analysis demonstrated that RL-1 inhibited proliferation of BV-173 pre-B human leukemia cells by induction of apoptotic cell death. These findings suggest that RL-1 could be of potential for application in biomedicine as a new and promising therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neli Christova
- Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev str., bl 26, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
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Nikolova B, Kostadinova A, Dimitrov B, Zhelev Z, Bakalova R, Aoki I, Saga T, Tsoneva I. Fluorescent imaging for assessment of the effect of combined application of electroporation and rifampicin on HaCaT cells as a new therapeutic approach for psoriasis. Sensors (Basel) 2013; 13:3625-34. [PMID: 23493125 PMCID: PMC3658765 DOI: 10.3390/s130303625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2013] [Revised: 02/13/2013] [Accepted: 03/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The study aimed to clarify the role of electric pulses in combination with chemotherapy on the viability of keratinocyte cell line HaCaT, in the context of its application as a new therapeutic approach for psoriasis. The data show that electroporation of HaCaT cells in combination with rifampicin induces cytoskeleton disruption and increases permeability of cell monolayer due to cell-cell junctions' interruption, visualized by fluorescent imaging of E-cadherin and actin integrity. This was accompanied with synergistic reduction of cell viability. The study proposes a new opportunity for more effective skin treatment than chemotherapy. The future application of this electrochemotherapeutic approach for combined local treatment of psoriasis may have serous benefits because of a high possibility to avoid side-effects of conventional chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biliana Nikolova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad.G. Bonchev Str., bl. 21, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria; E-Mails: (B.N.); (A.K.); (B.D.); (Z.Z.); (I.T.)
| | - Anelia Kostadinova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad.G. Bonchev Str., bl. 21, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria; E-Mails: (B.N.); (A.K.); (B.D.); (Z.Z.); (I.T.)
| | - Borislav Dimitrov
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad.G. Bonchev Str., bl. 21, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria; E-Mails: (B.N.); (A.K.); (B.D.); (Z.Z.); (I.T.)
| | - Zhivko Zhelev
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad.G. Bonchev Str., bl. 21, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria; E-Mails: (B.N.); (A.K.); (B.D.); (Z.Z.); (I.T.)
- Medical Faculty, Trakia University, 11 Armeiska Str., Stara Zagora 6000, Bulgaria
| | - Rumiana Bakalova
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; E-Mails: (I.A.); (T.S.)
- Medical Faculty, Sofia University, 1 Koziak Str., Sofia 1407, Bulgaria
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +81-42-206-3274; Fax: +81-42-206-9470
| | - Ichio Aoki
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; E-Mails: (I.A.); (T.S.)
| | - Tsuneo Saga
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; E-Mails: (I.A.); (T.S.)
| | - Iana Tsoneva
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad.G. Bonchev Str., bl. 21, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria; E-Mails: (B.N.); (A.K.); (B.D.); (Z.Z.); (I.T.)
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Escoffre JM, Nikolova B, Mallet L, Henri J, Favard C, Golzio M, Teissie J, Tsoneva I, Rols MP. New Insights in the Gene Electrotransfer Process: Evidence for the Involvement of the Plasmid DNA Topology. Curr Gene Ther 2012; 12:417-22. [DOI: 10.2174/156652312802762554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2012] [Revised: 06/01/2012] [Accepted: 06/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Tsoneva I, Iordanov I, Berger AJ, Tomov T, Nikolova B, Mudrov N, Berger MR. Electrodelivery of drugs into cancer cells in the presence of poloxamer 188. J Biomed Biotechnol 2010; 2010:314213. [PMID: 20706647 PMCID: PMC2913842 DOI: 10.1155/2010/314213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2009] [Revised: 04/07/2010] [Accepted: 06/10/2010] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study it is shown that poloxamer 188, added before or immediately after an electrical pulse used for electroporation, decreases the number of dead cells and at the same time does not reduce the number of reversible electropores through which small molecules (cisplatin, bleomycin, or propidium iodide) can pass/diffuse. It was suggested that hydrophobic sections of poloxamer 188 molecules are incorporated into the edges of pores and that their hydrophilic parts act as brushy pore structures. The formation of brushy pores may reduce the expansion of pores and delay the irreversible electropermeability. Tumors were implanted subcutaneously in both flanks of nude mice using HeLa cells, transfected with genes for red fluorescent protein and luciferase. The volume of tumors stopped to grow after electrochemotherapy and the use of poloxamer 188 reduced the edema near the electrode and around the subcutaneously growing tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iana Tsoneva
- Institute of Biophysics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria.
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Tsoneva I, Nikolova B, Georgieva M, Guenova M, Tomov T, Rols MP, Berger MR. Induction of apoptosis by electrotransfer of positively charged proteins as Cytochrome C and Histone H1 into cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2005; 1721:55-64. [PMID: 15652179 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2004.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2004] [Revised: 07/21/2004] [Accepted: 10/07/2004] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Cytochrome C (Cyt. C) is a mitochondrial protein inducing apoptosis when it is accumulated in the cytosol by a currently unknown mechanism, but regulated by the bcl-2 family of proteins. The linker Histone H1 is another basic protein with highly conservative structure, composition, and equal molecular weight, not changed during the evolution. An attempt was made to understand better the apoptotic processes by electroloading of leukemic cells, such as K562, HL-60, and SKW3, and human lymphocytes with positively charged proteins, such as Cyt. C, Histone H1, and methylated BSA albumin (mBSA). The triggering apoptotic processes followed by MTT test, FACS analysis, and DNA fragmentation after the electrotransfer of these proteins into the cells were observed. Histone H1 and mBSA induce the release of Cyt. C from rat liver mitochondria. Cytochrome C release was higher when mitochondria were in "high-energy" state. It is supposed that release of Cyt. C from mitochondria is due to the mechanical rupture of the outer mitochondrial membrane, rich in negatively charged groups, predominately due to cardiolipin. The reason for the morphological rupture of the outer mitochondial membrane could be the rigidification and segregation of the membrane and the destroyed membrane asymmetries of both monolayers in the presence of positively charged proteins at higher linear charges such as Histone H1. We suggested that Histone H1, at a given moment of activated signaling for apoptosis, could be not transported to the nucleus and could lead to the release of Cyt. C from the mitochondria in the cytoplasm. It is temping to speculate that Histone H1 has other physiological extranuclear functions involved in apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Tsoneva
- Institute of Biophysics, Bulg. Acad. Sci., Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria.
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Neumann E, Kakorin S, Tsoneva I, Nikolova B, Tomov T. Calcium-mediated DNA adsorption to yeast cells and kinetics of cell transformation by electroporation. Biophys J 1996; 71:868-77. [PMID: 8842225 PMCID: PMC1233543 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-3495(96)79288-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Detailed kinetic data suggest that the direct transfer of plasmid DNA (YEp 351, 5.6 kbp, supercoiled, Mr approximately 3.5 x 10(6)) by membrane electroporation of yeast cells (Saccharomyces cerevisiae, strain AH 215) is mainly due to electrodiffusive processes. The rate-limiting step for the cell transformation, however, is a bimolecular DNA-binding interaction in the cell interior. Both the adsorption of DNA, directly measured with [32P]dCTP DNA, and the number of transformants are collinearly enhanced with increasing total concentrations [Dt] and [Cat] of DNA and of calcium, respectively. At [Cat] = 1 mM, the half-saturation or equilibrium constant is KD = 15 +/- 1 nM at 293 K (20 degrees C). The optimal transformation frequency is TFopt = 4.1 +/- 0.4 X 10(-5) if a single exponential pulse of initial field strength E0 = 4 kV cm-1 and decay time constant tauE = 45 ms is applied at [Dt] = 2.7 nM and 10(8) cells in 0.1 ml. The dependence of TF on [Cat] yields the equilibrium constants KCazero = 1.8 +/- 0.2 mM (in the absence of DNA) and K'Ca (at 2.7 nM DNA), comparable with and derived from electrophoresis data. In yeast cells, too, the appearance of a DNA molecule in its whole length in the cell interior is clearly an after-field event. At Eo = 4.0 kV cm-1 and T = 293 K, the flow coefficient of DNA through the porous membrane patches is Kto = 7.0 +/- 0.7 x 10(3)S-1 and the electrodiffusion of DNA is approximately 10 times more effective than simple diffusion: D/D0 approximately 10.3. The mean radius of these pores is rp = 0.39 +/- 0.05 nm, and the mean number of pores per cell (of size ø approximately 5.5 microns) is Np = 2.2 +/- 0.2 x 10(4). The maximal membrane area that is involved in the electrodiffusive penetration of adsorbed DNA into the outer surface of the electroporated cell membrane patches is only 0.023% of the total cell surface. The surface penetration is followed either by additional electrodiffusive or by passive (after-field) diffusive translocation of the inserted DNA into the cell interior. For practical purposes of optimal transformation efficiency, 1 mM calcium is necessary for sufficient DNA binding and the relatively long pulse duration of 20-40 ms is required to achieve efficient electrodiffusive transport across the cell wall and into the outer surface of electroporated cell membrane patches.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Neumann
- Department of Physical and Biophysical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bielefeld, Germany.
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Abstract
Protoplasts of Streptomyces flavopersicus with the highest regeneration frequency were isolated from late log phase mycelium grown in a two-stage culture system with 2% glycine in the medium. Of the 11 regeneration media tested, R9 was selected as the most efficient with 29 degrees C as the best temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Lyutzkanova
- Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia
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Kolev T, Nikolova B, Jordanov B, Juchnovski I. Vibrational assignment of benzophenone and some of its isotopic species in the solid phase. J Mol Struct 1985. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-2860(85)80186-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Nikolova B, Galabov B, Orville-Thomas W. Transferability of bond polar parameters: interpretation of infrared intensities in acetylene, propyne and 3-butyne. J Mol Struct 1984. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-2860(84)85020-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Trifonov A, Pavlyukevich N, Radev S, Kuzmanova R, Nikolova B, Rakadjiev R. Investigation of diffusional substance leaching from model porous bodies by means of reflection spectroscopy (ATR). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1980. [DOI: 10.1016/0094-4548(80)90005-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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