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Cheng BX, Shao GY, Li Y, Tian QQ, Wang SY, Liu F. Molecular cloning and characterisation of the PmEglin cDNA in the leech Hirudinaria sp. Biologia (Bratisl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-022-01277-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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Liu F, Geng C, Qu YK, Cheng BX, Zhang Y, Wang AM, Zhang JH, Liu B, Tian HY, Yang WP, Yu YB, Chen ZB. The feeding of dietary Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharide enhances the immune responses, the expression of immune-related genes and the growth performance of red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii). Fish Shellfish Immunol 2020; 103:321-331. [PMID: 32446966 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Polysaccharides have many functions in aquatic animals and are widely used as immunopotentiators. However, despite the emergence of serious diseases, few studies have explored the effects of Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharide (CPP) on crustaceans. We studied the effects of CPP on the growth performance, nonspecific immunity, antioxidant activity and disease resistance of red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii). Healthy crayfish (5.80 ± 0.1 g) were fed diets supplemented with 0% (control), 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.15%, 0.20%, and 0.30% CPP for 8 weeks. At the end of the 8-week feeding trial, the optimal final body weight (FBW), weight gain (WG), specific growth rate (SGR), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were observed in the crayfish fed the diets with 0.15% and 0.20% CPP, followed by those fed the diet with 0.30% CPP and then those fed the diet with 0.10% CPP, whereas the values of these parameters were obtained with the control crayfish (P < 0.05). The crayfish fed the diets with 0.15% and 0.20% CPP exhibited a significantly higher total hemocyte count (THC) and significantly increased phenoloxidase (PO), lysozyme (LZM), hemocyte (Hc), acid phosphatase (ACP) and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) compared with those belonging to the other groups (P < 0.05). The crayfish fed the diets with 0.15% and 0.2% CPP exhibited significantly higher total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities, a significantly increased total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and a significantly lower malondialdehyde (MDA) content compared with the other groups (P < 0.05), which indicated that antioxidant capacity was significantly induced by the CPP-supplemented diets. Significantly upregulated expression of immune-related genes (anti-lipopolysaccharide factors (alf), peroxiredoxin (prx5), cathepsin B (ctsb), mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase (mtMnsod), cyclophilin A (cypa), glutathione peroxidase (gpx), Toll-like receptor 3 (tlr3), and heat shock protein 70 (hsp70)) was detected in the crayfish fed the diets supplemented with 0.15% and 0.20% CPP diet compared with the levels observed in the control crayfish. These results showed that dietary CPP supplementation greatly improved the growth, immunity and antioxidant capacities of crayfish, and according to the observed results, 0.15%-0.2% is the recommended optimal level of CPP dietary supplementation for crayfish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Liu
- Department of Marine Science and Technology, School of Marine and Bioengineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, 224051, PR China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Quality Control of Aquatic Animals, Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, 410022, PR China.
| | - Chao Geng
- Department of Marine Science and Technology, School of Marine and Bioengineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, 224051, PR China
| | - Yun-Kun Qu
- Department of Marine Science and Technology, School of Marine and Bioengineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, 224051, PR China
| | - Bo-Xing Cheng
- School of Biological Sciences, Guizhou Education University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Department of Marine Science and Technology, School of Marine and Bioengineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, 224051, PR China
| | - Ai-Ming Wang
- Department of Marine Science and Technology, School of Marine and Bioengineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, 224051, PR China.
| | - Jia-Hong Zhang
- Agricultural Science Institute of Lixiahe District, Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou, 225007, PR China
| | - Bo Liu
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, PR China
| | - Hong-Yan Tian
- Department of Marine Science and Technology, School of Marine and Bioengineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, 224051, PR China
| | - Wen-Ping Yang
- Department of Marine Science and Technology, School of Marine and Bioengineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, 224051, PR China
| | - Ye-Bing Yu
- Department of Marine Science and Technology, School of Marine and Bioengineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, 224051, PR China
| | - Zhong-Bing Chen
- Jiangsu Zhengyuan Chuanghui Agricultural Technology Development Co., Ltd, Jianhu, 224763, PR China
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Wang R, Zou QJ, Guo QS, Wang T, Cheng BX. [Cloning and prokaryotic expression of CHI in Chrysanthemum morifolium cv.'Hangju']. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2019; 44:3015-3021. [PMID: 31602848 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20190325.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Three Chrysanthemum-chalcone-isomerase genes( CmCHI) were successfully cloned by PCR from the database of Chrysanthemum transcriptome and named CmCHI1,CmCHI2 and CmCHI3,respectively. Bioinformatics analysis showed that the base numbers of CmCHI1-3 open reading frame were 708,633 and 681 bp,encoding 235,210 and 226 amino acids,respectively. Three fusion proteins of about 30 kDa were successfully induced by prokaryotic expression technology,and the corresponding recombinant fusion proteins were isolated and purified by Ni-NTA resin column. Clustering analysis showed that the 3 CmCHI were homologous with Compositae plants,and CmCHI1 and CmCHI3 belonged to type Ⅰ CHI. CmCHI2 belongs to type Ⅳ CHI. Using β-actin as an internal reference gene,RT-qPCR was used to detect and analyze the expression of CmCHI1-3 genes in Hangju. The results showed that the expression levels of CmCHI1 and CmCHI3 were higher,while the expression levels of CmCHI2 were lower. It was concluded that CmCHI1 and CmCHI3 were the main chalcone isomerase genes involved in the synthesis of flavonoids in Hangju,and CmCHI2 was a helper gene. Flooding treatment significantly promoted the expression of CmCHI1 and CmCHI3 genes,but had no regulatory effect on CmCHI2. The above results provided a basis for further study of the molecular regulation mechanism of CHI gene in the metabolism of flavonoids in Hangju,which laid a foundation for improving the content of flavonoids in Hangju and finally improving the medicinal quality of Hangju.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal Materials,Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095,China
| | - Qing-Jun Zou
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal Materials,Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095,China
| | - Qiao-Sheng Guo
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal Materials,Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095,China
| | - Tao Wang
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal Materials,Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095,China
| | - Bo-Xing Cheng
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal Materials,Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095,China
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Lu YX, Cheng BX, Guo QS, Liu F, Shi HZ, Guo L. [Studies on effects of water temperature, stocking density and feeding cycle on growth and feeding in Hirudo nipponica]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2018; 42:2443-2448. [PMID: 28840681 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20170614.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Effects of different water temperature, stocking density and feeding cycle on growth, feeding and survival of Hirudo nipponica have been studied, six temperature gradients were set: 18, 22, 26, 30, 34 and 38 ℃, five stocking density gradients were set: 30, 60, 120, 180 and 240 leech/L, four feeding cycle gradients were set: 2, 5, 10 and 20 d, respectively. The results showed that there exists a significant regression relationship between water temperature and specific growth rate: y=-0.016 5x²+0.836 9x-6.847 5(R²=0.990 8)(P<0.05), a regression analysis indicated that specific growth rate reached the maximum (3.76) at 25.36 ℃. When water temperature was beyond 30 ℃, the survival rate significantly decreased as water temperature increased (P<0.05). The specific growth rate and survival rate decreased as stocking density increased. A linear relationship exists between the feeding cycle and the SGR: y=-0.094 1x+3.832 9(R²=0.992 7). From this study, it can be concluded that the optimal water temperature and stocking density for the growth of H. nipponica is 22-26 ℃ and 30-120 leech/L, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xi Lu
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Bo-Xing Cheng
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.,Guizhou Normal College, Guiyang 550018, China
| | - Qiao-Sheng Guo
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.,College of Marine & Biological Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China
| | - Hong-Zhuan Shi
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ling Guo
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Wang CL, Guo QS, Cheng BX. [Analysis on character of mineral elements in Changium smyrnioides and rhizosphere soil]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2018; 43:1579-1587. [PMID: 29751703 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20180201.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The contents of 22 kinds of mineral elements in different parts of Changium smyrnioides and in the rhizosphere soil of 10 different populations were determined by microwave digestion-inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). The characteristics of mineral elements in the plants and the soil of main distribution area of Ch. smyrnioides was analyzed and the mechanism of the quality formation of Ch. smyrnioides was explored to provide the basis for the quality evaluation and cultivation regulation of Ch. smyrnioides.The results showed that the quality of soil environment was better in the main distribution area of Ch. smyrnioides, the content of trace elements was higher, the contents of P and K were lower and the contents of mineral elements in the soil of each distribution area was significantly different. The three elements of Se, P and K are significantly accumulated in the root of Ch. smyrnioides. There were significant differences in the total contents of mineral elements in the roots of Ch. smyrnioides in different producing areas. The contents of mineral elements in different parts of Ch. smyrnioides were significantly different. Ch.smyrnioides of the main distribution area of Ch. smyrnioides belonged to the safety level, the distribution of mineral elements in the plants can be used as an indicator of the quality of medicinal herbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Lin Wang
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Qiao-Sheng Guo
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Bo-Xing Cheng
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Wang CL, Guo QS, Zhu ZB, Cheng BX. Physiological characteristics, dry matter, and active component accumulation patterns of Changium smyrnioides in response to a light intensity gradient. Pharm Biol 2017; 55:581-589. [PMID: 27937676 PMCID: PMC6130673 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2016.1263345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Changium smyrnioides Wolff (Apiaceae) is an endangered medicinal plant with numerous pharmacological uses. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of light intensity levels on the growth and accumulation of secondary metabolites of C. smyrnioides, cultivated seedlings were subjected to different relative light intensities via sun-shading. MATERIALS AND METHODS Changium smyrnioides seedlings were subjected to five irradiance treatments (100, 60.54, 44.84, 31.39, and 10.56% sunlight) in glasshouse for 9 months. Enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants with spectrophotometric method, photosynthetic parameters with Li-6400XT, dry matter accumulation and active component contents in the root with spectrophotometric and HPLC method were analyzed. RESULTS With an increase in relative light intensity levels, activities of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents were increased overall, while net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and dry matter accumulation patter first increased and then declined. The highest net photosynthetic rate (30.68 μmol/m2·s) and dry root weight (5.07 g) were achieved under 60.54% sunlight. Lower relative light intensity levels stimulated the accumulation levels of bioactive compounds in the roots so that the highest contents of mannitol (1.35%) and choline (405.58 μg/g) were recorded under 31.39% sunlight, and the highest polysaccharide content (10.80%) were achieved under 44.84% sunlight. With a decrease in the relative light intensity levels, the water-soluble component content increased first and then decreased. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION The results revealed that 31.39-60.54% sunlight serve as appropriate relative light intensity conditions for cultivated C. smyrnioides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Lin Wang
- a Institute of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , China
| | - Qiao-Sheng Guo
- a Institute of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , China
| | - Zai-Biao Zhu
- a Institute of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , China
| | - Bo-Xing Cheng
- a Institute of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , China
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Liu F, Guo QS, Shi HZ, Cheng BX, Lu YX, Gou L, Wang J, Shen WB, Yan SM, Wu MJ. Genetic variation in Whitmania pigra, Hirudo nipponica and Poecilobdella manillensis, three endemic and endangered species in China using SSR and TRAP markers. Gene 2015; 579:172-82. [PMID: 26743128 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.12.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Revised: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Leeches are not only important medicinal animals worldwide but also are endangered. We aimed to (i) explore the level of genetic diversity within/among populations of three leeches, (ii) assess genetic differentiation among these three leeches, and (iii) discuss an appropriate strategy for conserving leech germplasm. A total of 315 individuals of Whitmania pigra, Hirudo nipponica and Poecilobdella manillensis from 21 populations were collected in China and Vietnam. The genetic structure and genetic diversity among and within the 21 populations were evaluated using target region amplified polymorphism (TRAP) and simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Sixteen pairs of TRAP primers generated a total of 398 fragments, of which 396 (99.50%) were polymorphic; fourteen pairs of SSR primers generated a total of 60 fragments, of which 59 (98.33%) were polymorphic. Shannon's index (I) and Nei's gene diversity index (H) for the three leeches were high at the species level (I=0.4980 and H=0.3323 for TRAPs, I=0.4487 and H=0.2969 for SSRs in W. pigra; I=0.4147/0.3769, H=0.2788/0.2566 for H. nipponica; and I=0.4616/0.4717, H=0.3099/0.3203 for P. manillensis). However, low genetic diversity was determined at the population level; the average genetic diversity measures within populations were H=0.1767/0.1376, I=0.2589/0.2043 for W. pigra, H=0.2149/0.2021, I=0.3184/0.3000 for H. nipponica and H=0.2850/0.2724, I=0.4152/0.3967 for P. manillensis. We conclude that there was limited gene exchange within/among populations and species, as the gene flow number (Nm) was 0.5493/0.5807. However, for all three species, the genetic diversity was different at the population level. Gene differentiation (Gst) and Nm were 0.4682 /0.5364 and 0.5678/0.4321 for W. pigra, 0.2294/0.2127 and 1.6797/1.8512 for H. nipponica and 0.1214/0.1496 and 3.6202/2.8412 for P. manillensis. STRUCTURE analysis, Unweighted Pair-Group Method with Arithmetic means (UPGMA) cluster analysis and Principal Coordinates Analysis (PCOA) all yielded similar results. The isolation-by-distance pattern was not significant for any of the three species by the Mantel test. These data emphasize the need for management, conservation, and rehabilitation of this animal species. Finally, an appropriate strategy for conserving leech is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Liu
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; Biology Post-doctoral Mobile Stations, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; Key Laboratory for Aquaculture and Ecology of Coastal Pool of Jiangsu Province, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, PR China
| | - Qiao-Sheng Guo
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Hong-Zhuan Shi
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
| | - Bo-Xing Cheng
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Yu-Xi Lu
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Ling Gou
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Jia Wang
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Wen-Biao Shen
- Biology Post-doctoral Mobile Stations, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Shi-Meng Yan
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Man-Jun Wu
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
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