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Wiedemann C, Whittaker JJ, Pérez Carrillo VH, Goretzki B, Dajka M, Tebbe F, Harder JM, Krajczy PR, Joseph B, Hausch F, Guskov A, Hellmich UA. Legionella pneumophila macrophage infectivity potentiator protein appendage domains modulate protein dynamics and inhibitor binding. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 252:126366. [PMID: 37633566 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Macrophage infectivity potentiator (MIP) proteins are widespread in human pathogens including Legionella pneumophila, the causative agent of Legionnaires' disease and protozoans such as Trypanosoma cruzi. All MIP proteins contain a FKBP (FK506 binding protein)-like prolyl-cis/trans-isomerase domain that hence presents an attractive drug target. Some MIPs such as the Legionella pneumophila protein (LpMIP) have additional appendage domains of mostly unknown function. In full-length, homodimeric LpMIP, the N-terminal dimerization domain is linked to the FKBP-like domain via a long, free-standing stalk helix. Combining X-ray crystallography, NMR and EPR spectroscopy and SAXS, we elucidated the importance of the stalk helix for protein dynamics and inhibitor binding to the FKBP-like domain and bidirectional crosstalk between the different protein regions. The first comparison of a microbial MIP and a human FKBP in complex with the same synthetic inhibitor was made possible by high-resolution structures of LpMIP with a [4.3.1]-aza-bicyclic sulfonamide and provides a basis for designing pathogen-selective inhibitors. Through stereospecific methylation, the affinity of inhibitors to L. pneumophila and T. cruzi MIP was greatly improved. The resulting X-ray inhibitor-complex structures of LpMIP and TcMIP at 1.49 and 1.34 Å, respectively, provide a starting point for developing potent inhibitors against MIPs from multiple pathogenic microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Wiedemann
- Faculty of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - J J Whittaker
- Groningen Institute for Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Groningen, 9747AG Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - V H Pérez Carrillo
- Faculty of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - B Goretzki
- Faculty of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany; Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Goethe-University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - M Dajka
- Department of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany
| | - F Tebbe
- Faculty of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - J-M Harder
- Faculty of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - P R Krajczy
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Clemens-Schöpf-Institute, Technical University Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - B Joseph
- Department of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany
| | - F Hausch
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Clemens-Schöpf-Institute, Technical University Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany; Centre for Synthetic Biology, Technical University of Darmstadt, 64283 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - A Guskov
- Groningen Institute for Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Groningen, 9747AG Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - U A Hellmich
- Faculty of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany; Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Goethe-University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany; Cluster of Excellence Balance of the Microverse, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany.
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Joels H, Benny A, Sharpe A, Postigo B, Joseph B, Piantino C, Marshall A, Hewertson V, Hill CM. Sleep related rhythmic movement disorder: phenotypic characteristics and treatment response in a paediatric cohort. Sleep Med 2023; 112:21-29. [PMID: 37804714 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2023.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe phenotypic, polysomnographic characteristics, impact, and treatment response in children with sleep related rhythmic movement disorder (SR-RMD). BACKGROUND There is limited research on SR-RMD. We have developed a systematic clinical evaluation of children with SR-RMD to improve understanding and treatment. METHODS A retrospective chart review of 66 children at a UK tertiary hospital. Baseline assessment included validated screening questionnaires to study autism spectrum characteristics, general behaviour and sensory profile. A standardised questionnaire assessed impact on sleep quality and daytime wellbeing of child and family. Polysomnography data were collated. RESULTS Children were aged 0.9-16.3 years (78.8% male). 51.5% had a neurodevelopmental disorder, most commonly autism spectrum disorder. High rates of behavioural disturbance and sensory processing differences were reported, not confined to children with neurodevelopmental disorders. Parents reported concerns about risk of injury, loss of sleep and persistence into adulthood. Daytime wellbeing was affected in 72% of children and 75% of other family members. Only 31/48 children demonstrated rhythmic movements during video-polysomnography, occupying on average 6.1% of time in bed. Most clusters occurred in the settling period but also arose from N1, N2 and REM sleep and wake after sleep onset. Melatonin was prescribed to 52 children, all but one were extended-release preparations. 24/27 children with available data were reported to improve with melatonin. CONCLUSIONS SR-RMD places a significant burden on child and family wellbeing. Our novel findings of sensory processing differences in this population and parent reported therapeutic response to extended-release melatonin offer potential avenues for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Joels
- School of Clinical Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - A Benny
- School of Clinical Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - A Sharpe
- School of Clinical Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - B Postigo
- School of Clinical Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - B Joseph
- Department of Sleep Medicine (Neurological), Southampton Children's Hospital, United Kingdom
| | - C Piantino
- Department of Sleep Medicine (Neurological), Southampton Children's Hospital, United Kingdom
| | - A Marshall
- Department of Sleep Medicine (Neurological), Southampton Children's Hospital, United Kingdom
| | - V Hewertson
- Department of Sleep Medicine (Neurological), Southampton Children's Hospital, United Kingdom
| | - C M Hill
- School of Clinical Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, United Kingdom; Department of Sleep Medicine (Neurological), Southampton Children's Hospital, United Kingdom.
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Kim J, Tam M, Oh C, Feron-Rigodon M, Joseph B, Vaezi A, Li Z, Tran T, Kim G, Zan E, Corby P, Vecchio Fitz CD, Goldberg J, Hochman T, Givi B, Jacobson A, Persky M, Persky M, Hu K. Circulating Tumor HPV-DNA Kinetics in p16+ Oropharyngeal Cancer Patients Undergoing Adaptive Radiation De-Escalation Based on Mid-Treatment Nodal Response. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.1385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Kucuker M, Ozerdem A, Ceylan D, Cabello-Arreola A, Ho M, Joseph B, Webb L, Croarkin P, Frye M, Veldic M. The Role of Base Excision Repair in Major Depressive Disorder and Bipolar Disorder. Eur Psychiatry 2022. [PMCID: PMC9566922 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.1016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction In vivo and in vitro studies suggest that inflammation and oxidative damage may contribute to the pathogenesis of major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD). Imbalance between DNA damage and repair is an emerging research area examining pathophysiological mechanisms of these major mood disorders. Objectives This systematic review sought to examine current evidence on the association between mood disorders and deficits in base excision repair (BER), the primary repair mechanism for repair of oxidation-induced DNA lesions. Methods We conducted a comprehensive literature search of Ovid MEDLINE® Epub Ahead of Print, Ovid MEDLINE® In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations, Ovid MEDLINE® Daily, EMBASE (1947), and PsycINFO for studies investigating the alterations in base excision repair in patients with MDD or BD. Results A total of 1,364 records were identified. 1,352 records remained after duplicates were removed. 24 records were selected for full-text screening and a remaining 12 articles were included in the qualitative synthesis. SNPs (Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms) of several BER genes have been shown to be associated with MDD and BD. However, it was difficult to draw conclusions from BER gene expression studies due to conflicting findings and the small number of studies. Conclusions Future studies comparing DNA repair during the manic or depressive episode to remission will give us a better insight regarding the role of DNA repair in mood disorders. These alterations might be utilized as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers as well as measuring treatment response. Disclosure No significant relationships.
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Reddy PV, Anandan S, Rakesh G, Shivakumar V, Joseph B, Vasu SK, Agarwal SM, Muralidharan K, Venkatasubramanian G, Narayanaswamy JC. Emotion Processing Deficit in Euthymic Bipolar Disorder: A Potential Endophenotype. Indian J Psychol Med 2022; 44:145-151. [PMID: 35655991 PMCID: PMC9120978 DOI: 10.1177/02537176211026795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emotion processing deficits have been described in patients with bipolar disorder (BD) and are considered one of the core cognitive abnormalities in BD with endophenotype potential. However, the literature on specific impairments in emotion processing cognitive strategies (directive/cortical/higher versus intuitive/limbic/lower) in euthymic adult BD patients and healthy first-degree relatives/high-risk (HR) subjects in comparison with healthy controls (HCs) is sparse. METHODS We examined facial emotion recognition deficits (FERD) in BD (N = 30), HR (N = 21), and HC (N = 30) matched for age (years), years of education, and sex using computer-administered face emotions-Matching And Labeling Task (eMALT). RESULTS The three groups were significantly different based on labeling accuracy scores for fear and anger (FA) (P < 0.001) and sad and disgust (SD) (P < 0.001). On post-hoc analysis, HR subjects exhibited a significant deficit in the labeling accuracy of FA facial emotions (P < 0.001) compared to HC. The BD group was found to have significant differences in all FA (P = 0.004) and SD (P = 0.003) emotion matching as well as FA (P = 0.001) and SD (P < 0.001) emotion labeling accuracy scores. CONCLUSIONS BD in remission exhibits FERD in general, whereas specific labeling deficits of fear and anger emotions, indicating impaired directive higher order aspect of emotion processing, were demonstrated in HR subjects. This appears to be a potential endophenotype. These deficits could underlie the pathogenesis in BD, with possible frontolimbic circuitry impairment. They may have potential implications in functional recovery and prognosis of BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preethi V Reddy
- Dept. of Psychiatry & Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Cognitive Neurobiology Division, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Saravanakumar Anandan
- Dept. of Psychiatry & Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Cognitive Neurobiology Division, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Gopalkumar Rakesh
- Dept. of Psychiatry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Venkatarama Shivakumar
- Dept. of Psychiatry & Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Cognitive Neurobiology Division, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Boban Joseph
- Dept. of Psychiatry & Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Cognitive Neurobiology Division, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sunil Kalmady Vasu
- Canadian VIGOUR Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Sri Mahavir Agarwal
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Dept. of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kesavan Muralidharan
- Dept. of Psychiatry & Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Cognitive Neurobiology Division, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Ganesan Venkatasubramanian
- Dept. of Psychiatry & Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Cognitive Neurobiology Division, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Janardhanan C Narayanaswamy
- Dept. of Psychiatry & Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Cognitive Neurobiology Division, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Narayanaswamy JC, Subramaniam A, Bose A, Agarwal SM, Kalmady SV, Jose D, Joseph B, Shivakumar V, Hutton SB, Venkatasubramanian G, Reddy YCJ. Antisaccade task performance in obsessive-compulsive disorder and its clinical correlates. Asian J Psychiatr 2021; 57:102508. [PMID: 33561779 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is characterized by abnormalities in the cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical (CSTC) circuitry of the brain. Antisaccade eye movement tasks measure aspects of the voluntary control of behaviour that are sensitive to CSTC circuitry dysfunction. METHOD In this study, we examined antisaccade eye movement parameters of OCD patients in comparison with healthy controls (HC). In addition, we also examined the relationship between the antisaccade eye movement parameters and the severity of OCD. Antisaccade performance among right handed OCD patients (N = 65) was compared to matched right handed HC (N = 57). Eye tracking data during the task performance were collected using an Eye-Link eye-tracker at 1000-Hz sampling rate. OCD symptom severity was evaluated using Yale-Brown obsessive compulsive scale. RESULTS The antisaccade error percentage was significantly greater in OCD patients than HC (p < 0.001). In addition, OCD patients had less accurate final eye position compared to HC (p < 0.001). There were no significant correlation between antisaccade parameters and OCD severity measures. CONCLUSION Deficient performance in antisaccade task supports CSTC abnormality in OCD and this appears to be independent of the illness severity. Examining this in remitted participants with OCD and in unaffected first degree relatives could help ascertaining their endophenotype validity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janardhanan C Narayanaswamy
- Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India; Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India.
| | - Aditi Subramaniam
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Anushree Bose
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Sri Mahavir Agarwal
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Assistant Professor, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, 250 College St., Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Sunil V Kalmady
- Canadian VIGOUR Centre, 4-120 Katz Group Centre for Pharmacy and Health Research, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Dania Jose
- Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India; Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Boban Joseph
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Venkataram Shivakumar
- Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India; Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | | | - Ganesan Venkatasubramanian
- Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India; Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Y C Janardhan Reddy
- Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India; Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
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Someshwar A, Holla B, Pansari Agarwal P, Thomas A, Jose A, Joseph B, Raju B, Karle H, Muthukumaran M, Kodancha PG, Kumar P, Reddy PV, Kumar Nadella R, Naik ST, Mitra S, Mallappagiri S, Sreeraj VS, Balachander S, Ganesh S, Murthy P, Benegal V, Reddy JY, Jain S, Mahadevan J, Viswanath B, Narayanaswamy JC, Sivakumar PT, Kandasamy A, Kesavan M, Mehta UM, Venkatasubramanian G, John JP, Mukherjee O, Purushottam M, Kannan R, Mehta B, Kandavel T, Binukumar B, Saini J, Jayarajan D, Shyamsundar A, Moirangthem S, Vijay Kumar KG, Thirthalli J, Chandra PS, Gangadhar BN, Panicker MM, Bhalla US, Chattarji S, Varghese M, Raghu P, Rao M. Adverse childhood experiences in families with multiple members diagnosed to have psychiatric illnesses. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2020; 54:1086-1094. [PMID: 32538179 DOI: 10.1177/0004867420931157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Adverse childhood experiences are linked to the development of a number of psychiatric illnesses in adulthood. Our study examined the pattern of adverse childhood experiences and their relation to the age of onset of major psychiatric conditions in individuals from families that had ⩾2 first-degree relatives with major psychiatric conditions (multiplex families), identified as part of an ongoing longitudinal study. METHODS Our sample consisted of 509 individuals from 215 families. Of these, 268 were affected, i.e., diagnosed with bipolar disorder (n = 61), obsessive-compulsive disorder (n = 58), schizophrenia (n = 52), substance dependence (n = 59) or co-occurring diagnoses (n = 38), while 241 were at-risk first-degree relatives who were either unaffected (n = 210) or had other depressive or anxiety disorders (n = 31). All individuals were evaluated using the Adverse Childhood Experiences - International Questionnaire and total adverse childhood experiences exposure and severity scores were calculated. RESULTS It was seen that affected males, as a group, had the greatest adverse childhood experiences exposure and severity scores in our sample. A Cox mixed effects model fit by gender revealed that a higher total adverse childhood experiences severity score was associated with significantly increased risk for an earlier age of onset of psychiatric diagnoses in males. A similar model that evaluated the interaction of diagnosis revealed an earlier age of onset in obsessive-compulsive disorder and substance dependence, but not in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. CONCLUSION Our study indicates that adverse childhood experiences were associated with an earlier onset of major psychiatric conditions in men and individuals diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive disorder and substance dependence. Ongoing longitudinal assessments in first-degree relatives from these families are expected to identify mechanisms underlying this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amala Someshwar
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India.,National Centre for Biological Sciences (NCBS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Bharath Holla
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Preeti Pansari Agarwal
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Anza Thomas
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Anand Jose
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Boban Joseph
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Birudu Raju
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Hariprasad Karle
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - M Muthukumaran
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Prabhath G Kodancha
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Pramod Kumar
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Preethi V Reddy
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Ravi Kumar Nadella
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Sanjay T Naik
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Sayantanava Mitra
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Sreenivasulu Mallappagiri
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Vanteemar S Sreeraj
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Srinivas Balachander
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Suhas Ganesh
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Pratima Murthy
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Vivek Benegal
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Janardhan Yc Reddy
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Sanjeev Jain
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Jayant Mahadevan
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - Biju Viswanath
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
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Shivakumar V, Rajasekaran A, Subbanna M, Kalmady SV, Venugopal D, Agrawal R, Amaresha AC, Agarwal SM, Joseph B, Narayanaswamy JC, Debnath M, Venkatasubramanian G, Gangadhar BN. Leukocyte mitochondrial DNA copy number in schizophrenia. Asian J Psychiatr 2020; 53:102193. [PMID: 32585632 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Schizophrenia is a complex neuropsychiatric disorder with significant genetic predisposition. In a subset of schizophrenia patients, mitochondrial dysfunction could be explained by the genomic defects like mitochondrial DNA Copy Number Variations, which are considered as a sensitive index of cellular oxidative stress. Given the high energy demands for neuronal functions, altered Mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn) and consequent impaired mitochondrial physiology would significantly influence schizophrenia pathogenesis. In this context, we have made an attempt to study mitochondrial dysfunction in schizophrenia by assessing mtDNAcn in antipsychotic-naïve/free schizophrenia patients. METHOD mtDNAcn was measured in 90 antipsychotic-naïve / free schizophrenia (SCZ) patients and 147 Healthy Controls (HC). The relative mtDNAcn was determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) using TaqMan® multiplex assay method. RESULT A statistically significant difference between groups [t = 5.22, P < 0.001] was observed, with significantly lower mtDNAcn in SCZ compared to HC. The group differences persisted even after controlling for age and sex [F (4, 232) = 22.68, P < 0.001, η2 = 0.09]. CONCLUSION Lower mtDNAcn in SCZ compared to HC suggests that mtDNAcn may hold potential to serve as an important proxy marker of mitochondrial function in antipsychotic-naïve/free SCZ patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkataram Shivakumar
- Department of Integrative Medicine, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, India; Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Cognitive Neurobiology Division, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, India.
| | - Ashwini Rajasekaran
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Cognitive Neurobiology Division, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, India; Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Manjula Subbanna
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Cognitive Neurobiology Division, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, India; Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Sunil Vasu Kalmady
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Cognitive Neurobiology Division, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, India; Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Deepthi Venugopal
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Cognitive Neurobiology Division, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, India; Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Rimjhim Agrawal
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Cognitive Neurobiology Division, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, India; Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Anekal C Amaresha
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Cognitive Neurobiology Division, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, India; Department of Sociology and Social Work, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India
| | - Sri Mahavir Agarwal
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Cognitive Neurobiology Division, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, India; Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Boban Joseph
- Department of Psychiatric Social Work, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Janardhanan C Narayanaswamy
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Cognitive Neurobiology Division, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, India; Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Monojit Debnath
- Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Ganesan Venkatasubramanian
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Cognitive Neurobiology Division, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, India; Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Bangalore N Gangadhar
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bangalore, India
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Strikos S, Joseph B, Alabarse FG, Valadares G, Costa DG, Capaz RB, ElMassalami M. Pressure dependence of room-temperature structural properties of CaAl 2Si 2. J Phys Condens Matter 2020; 32:365403. [PMID: 32396878 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ab9268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the pressure dependence of the crystal structure of CaAl2Si2 by means of ab initio calculations and room-temperature synchrotron x-ray powder diffraction. Ab initio calculations reproduce satisfactorily the experimentally observed pressure-dependent structural evolution up to 3 GPa where the title system remains in the trigonal [Formula: see text] phase. In the pressure range 3-8 GPa, pressure evolution of the calculated in-plane lattice parameters is steeper than the observed. Ab initio calculations predict a structural phase transition to a tetragonal phase ([Formula: see text] to I4/mmm) near 7.5 GPa for zero (or room) temperature. Temperature effects are included through calculation of vibrational properties (phonon spectra). These calculations confirm that both phases are either globally or locally stable (metastable) and allow for the construction of a P - T phase diagram for this system. However, our experiments show no sign of such a transition up to 12 GPa. Such a discrepancy can be explained if one considers the trigonal ([Formula: see text]) structure to be metastable above the critical pressure, but is separated from the predicted tetragonal (I4/mmm) structure by a relatively high energy barrier. The applied pressure alone may not be able to surpass the energy-barrier; rather a joint high-pressure and high-temperature (HPHT) treatment may lead to it. However, empirical verification of such a hypothetical transition may be hampered by the chemistry of CaAl2Si2 system which shows tendency to decompose peritectically into Ca2Al3Si4 and aluminum under HPHT treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Strikos
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, CxP 68528, 21945-972 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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10
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Joseph B. Geochemical variables and fluoride ion concentration levels impart infectious diseases: A systematic study of fluoride ion removal using natural adsorbents at low cost. J Complement Med Res 2020. [DOI: 10.5455/jcmr.2020.11.01.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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11
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Zhao X, Stachurski P, Shah S, Maiti D, Ramani S, Wright A, Walker D, Joseph B, Kuhn J. Design and optimization of NiMg/ceria-zirconia catalyst pellets. POWDER TECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2019.08.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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12
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Martinelli A, Sanna S, Lamura G, Ritter C, Joseph B, Bauer E, Giovannini M. Structural and magnetic properties of the Yb 2Pd 2(In 1-x Sn x ) system: a synchrotron x-ray and neutron powder diffraction investigation. J Phys Condens Matter 2019; 31:385802. [PMID: 31220813 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ab2b83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The structural properties of the Yb2Pd2(In1-x Sn x ) system were investigated at room temperature by synchrotron x-ray powder diffraction. All the inspected compositions (x = 0.0, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.8, 0.9) crystallize in the tetragonal space group P4/mbm; the cell parameters exhibit a non-linear dependence on composition, whereas cell volume changes more regularly, with a minimum at x = 0.8. Samples with Sn content x = 0.5, 0.6, 0.9 were also analysed by neutron diffraction down to 0.5 K. No evidence for a structural transition can be detected at low temperature, whereas an antiferromagnetic ordering is observed, characterized by a propagation vectors k = (0,0,½). Magnetic moments order in the tetragonal ab-plane and the magnetic structure belongs to the Shubnikov magnetic space group P4/mbm.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Martinelli
- CNR-SPIN Corso Perrone 24, I-16152 Genova, Italy
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Joseph B, Zeeshan M, Sakran J, Hamidi M, Kulvatunyou N, Khan M. Nationwide Analysis of Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the Aorta in Civilian Trauma. J Vasc Surg 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2019.04.445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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14
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Kumar D, Ashwini K, Hegde S, Prasanna L, Joseph B, Bose A, Nawani H, Bharath RD, Varambally S, Venkatasubramanian G, Gangadhar BN. Caregiver assisted home-based cognitive remediation for individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia: A pilot study. Asian J Psychiatr 2019; 42:87-93. [PMID: 30981943 PMCID: PMC7613146 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2019.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive deficits in individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia are ubiquitous and, therefore, cognitive remediation is considered one of the prime targets of a comprehensive intervention program for schizophrenia. However, cognitive remediation is a resource consuming intervention and in lower and middle-income countries (LAMIC) such interventions are often neglected due to the resource constraints of the mental health services set-ups. Therefore, it is imperative to develop cognitive remediation programs that are less resource consuming for the mental health service delivery system. Keeping this in view, in the present pilot study, we tested the feasibility of a caregiver assisted home-based cognitive remediation program and compared its efficacy with a clinic-based cognitive remediation program. Findings show that it is feasible to conduct cognitive remediation program with the help of caregivers in patients' home settings and that the home-based cognitive remediation is as effective as the clinic-based cognitive remediation. The results of the study have been further discussed in the light of the practical implications, limitations and future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devvarta Kumar
- Department of Clinical Psychology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India.
| | - K Ashwini
- National Institute of Advanced Studies (NIAS), IISC, Bengaluru, India
| | - Shantala Hegde
- Department of Clinical Psychology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Lavanya Prasanna
- Department of Clinical Psychology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Boban Joseph
- Department of Psychiatric Social Work, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Anushree Bose
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Hema Nawani
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Rose Dawn Bharath
- Department of Neuroimaging & Interventional Radiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India
| | - Shivarama Varambally
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India
| | | | - Bangalore N Gangadhar
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India
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15
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Williams VR, Leis JA, Trbovich P, Agnihotri T, Lee W, Joseph B, Glen L, Avaness M, Jinnah F, Salt N, Powis JE. Improving healthcare worker adherence to the use of transmission-based precautions through application of human factors design: a prospective multi-centre study. J Hosp Infect 2019; 103:101-105. [PMID: 30935983 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2019.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A key component of transmission-based precautions (TBPs) is the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) but healthcare worker (HCW) adherence remains suboptimal. A human factors-based intervention was implemented to improve adherence to TBPs including (i) improved signage, (ii) standardized placement of signage, (iii) introduction of a mask with integrated face shield, and (iv) improvement in PPE availability. Donning of the correct PPE by HCWs improved significantly (79.7 vs 56.4%; P < 0.001). This approach may be more effective than education alone, but further study is required to determine sustainability and subsequent impact on transmission of healthcare-associated infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- V R Williams
- Infection Prevention and Control, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - J A Leis
- Infection Prevention and Control, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine and Centre for Quality Improvement and Patient Safety, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - P Trbovich
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Research and Innovation, North York General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - T Agnihotri
- Infection Prevention and Control, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - W Lee
- Infection Prevention and Control, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - B Joseph
- Infection Prevention and Control, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - L Glen
- Infection Prevention and Control, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - M Avaness
- Infection Prevention and Control, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - F Jinnah
- Infection Prevention and Control, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - N Salt
- Infection Prevention and Control, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - J E Powis
- Infection Prevention and Control, Michael Garron Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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16
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Lee JR, Lin EP, Hofacer RD, Upton B, Lee SY, Ewing L, Joseph B, Loepke AW. Alternative technique or mitigating strategy for sevoflurane-induced neurodegeneration: a randomized controlled dose-escalation study of dexmedetomidine in neonatal rats. Br J Anaesth 2019; 119:492-505. [PMID: 28969315 DOI: 10.1093/bja/aex219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Brain injury in newborn animals from prolonged anaesthetic exposure has raised concerns for millions of children undergoing anaesthesia every yr. Alternative anaesthetic techniques or mitigating strategies are urgently needed to ameliorate potentially harmful effects. We tested dexmedetomidine, both as a single agent alternative technique and as a mitigating adjuvant for sevoflurane anaesthesia. Methods Neonatal rats were randomized to three injections of dexmedetomidine (5, 25, 50, or 100 µg kg -1 every 2 h), or 6 h of 2.5% sevoflurane as a single agent without or with dexmedetomidine (1, 5, 10, or 20 µg kg -1 every 2 h). Heart rate, oxygen saturation, level of consciousness, and response to pain were assessed. Cell death was quantified in several brain regions. Results Dexmedetomidine provided lower levels of sedation and pain control than sevoflurane. Exposure to either sevoflurane or dexmedetomidine alone did not cause mortality, but the combination of 2.5% sevoflurane and dexmedetomidine in doses exceeding 1 µg kg -1 did. Sevoflurane increased apoptosis in all brain regions; supplementation with dexmedetomidine exacerbated neuronal injury, potentially as a result of ventilatory or haemodynamic compromise. Dexmedetomidine by itself increased apoptosis only in CA2/3 and the ventral posterior nucleus, but not in prefrontal cortex, retrosplenial cortex, somatosensory cortex, subiculum, lateral dorsal thalamic nucleaus, or hippocampal CA1. Conclusions We confirm previous findings of sevoflurane-induced neuronal injury. Dexmedetomidine, even in the highest dose, did not cause similar injury, but provided lesser degrees of anaesthesia and pain control. No mitigation of sevoflurane-induced injury was observed with dexmedetomidine supplementation, suggesting that future studies should focus on anaesthetic-sparing effects of dexmedetomidine, rather than injury-preventing effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-R Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-752, Korea
| | - E P Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - R D Hofacer
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Program in Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - B Upton
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - S Y Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - L Ewing
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - B Joseph
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - A W Loepke
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Program in Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Departments of Anesthesiology and Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Division of Cardiac Anesthesiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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17
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Joseph B, Caramazza S, Capitani F, Clarté T, Ripanti F, Lotti P, Lausi A, Di Castro D, Postorino P, Dore P. Coexistence of pressure-induced structural phases in bulk black phosphorus: a combined x-ray diffraction and Raman study up to 18 GPa. J Phys Condens Matter 2018; 30:494002. [PMID: 30451158 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aaebe5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We report a study of the structural phase transitions induced by pressure in bulk black phosphorus by using both synchrotron x-ray diffraction for pressures up to 12.2 GPa and Raman spectroscopy up to 18.2 GPa. Very recently black phosphorus attracted large attention because of the unique properties of few-layers samples (phosphorene), but some basic questions are still open in the case of the bulk system. As concerning the presence of a Raman spectrum above 10 GPa, which should not be observed in an elemental simple cubic system, we propose a new explanation by attributing a key role to the non-hydrostatic conditions occurring in Raman experiments. Finally, a combined analysis of Raman and XRD data allowed us to obtain quantitative information on presence and extent of coexistences between different structural phases from ~5 up to ~15 GPa. This information can have an important role in theoretical studies on pressure-induced structural and electronic phase transitions in black phosphorus.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Joseph
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, S. S. 14 km 163.5, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
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18
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Rathore K, Joseph B, Sharma DK, Gaurav A, Sharma SK, Milind M, Patel P, Prakash C, Singh L. Evaluation of multiplex polymerase chain reaction as an alternative to conventional antibiotic sensitivity test. Vet World 2018; 11:474-479. [PMID: 29805213 PMCID: PMC5960787 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2018.474-479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim This study was designed to evaluate the potential of the use of multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) as an alternative to conventional antibiotic sensitivity test. Materials and Methods Isolates of Staphylococcus aureus (total = 36) from clinical cases presented to Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex of College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (CVAS), Navania, Udaipur, were characterized by morphological, cultural, and biochemical methods. Then, the isolates were further subjected to molecular characterization by PCR targeting S. aureus-specific sequence (107 bp). Phenotypic antibiotic sensitivity pattern was analyzed by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method against 11 commonly used antibiotics in veterinary medicine in and around Udaipur region. The genotypic antibiotic sensitivity pattern was studied against methicillin, aminoglycosides, and tetracycline targeting the gene mecA, aacA-aphD, and tetK by multiplex PCR. Results There was 100% correlation between the phenotype and genotype of aminoglycoside resistance, more than 90% correlation for methicillin resistance, and 58.3% in the case tetracycline resistance. Conclusion As there is a good correlation between phenotype and genotype of antibiotic resistance, multiplex PCR can be used as an alternative to the conventional antibiotic susceptibility testing, as it can give a rapid and true prediction of antibiotic sensitivity pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Rathore
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary and Animal Science, Navania, Udaipur, 313601, Rajasthan, India
| | - B Joseph
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary and Animal Science, Navania, Udaipur, 313601, Rajasthan, India
| | - D K Sharma
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary and Animal Science, Navania, Udaipur, 313601, Rajasthan, India
| | - A Gaurav
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary and Animal Science, Navania, Udaipur, 313601, Rajasthan, India
| | - S K Sharma
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary and Animal Science, Navania, Udaipur, 313601, Rajasthan, India
| | - M Milind
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary and Animal Science, Navania, Udaipur, 313601, Rajasthan, India
| | - P Patel
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary and Animal Science, Navania, Udaipur, 313601, Rajasthan, India
| | - C Prakash
- Animal Health Division, CSWRI, Avikanagar, Malpura, Tonk, 304501 Rajasthan, India
| | - L Singh
- Department of Livestock Products Technology, College of Veterinary and Animal Science, Navania, Udaipur, 313601, Rajasthan, India
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Joseph B. A Comment on "Perceptions of Accredited Social Health Activists on Depression: A Qualitative Study from Karnataka, India". Indian J Psychol Med 2018; 40:195-196. [PMID: 29962582 PMCID: PMC6008998 DOI: 10.4103/ijpsym.ijpsym_12_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Boban Joseph
- Department of Psychiatric Social Work, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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20
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Amaresha AC, Kalmady SV, Joseph B, Agarwal SM, Narayanaswamy JC, Venkatasubramanian G, Muralidhar D, Subbakrishna DK. Short term effects of brief need based psychoeducation on knowledge, self-stigma, and burden among siblings of persons with schizophrenia: A prospective controlled trial. Asian J Psychiatr 2018; 32:59-66. [PMID: 29216608 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2017.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Siblings of persons with schizophrenia are important in providing long-term social support to the patients. Interventions addressing their needs are very sparse. Hence, this study aimed at testing the short-term effects of brief need based psychoeducation on knowledge, self-stigma, and burden among siblings of persons with schizophrenia. In this prospective controlled open label trial, 80 siblings of persons with schizophrenia were allocated in equal numbers to the brief need based psychoeducation group and the treatment-as-usual group. The outcomes were measured at baseline, and after the first and third month post-intervention. RM-ANCOVA was conducted to test the effect of the brief psychoeducation on outcome scores. The groups were similar with respect to socio-demographic, clinical, and outcome scores at the baseline. There was a significant group×time interaction effect on knowledge (F=8.71; p<0.01; ηp2=0.14) and self-stigma scores (F=14.47; p<0.001; ηp2=0.21), wherein the brief psychoeducation group showed a significant increase in knowledge and reduction in self-stigma with medium effect size through baseline to the third month follow-up as compared to the treatment as usual group. We also observed a significant main effect of time; irrespective of the group allocation, there was a significant increase in the knowledge through baseline to third month follow-up (F=5.69; p=0.02; ηp2=0.09). No main or interaction effects of group and time were observed on burden. The findings suggest that brief need based psychoeducation may increase knowledge about the illness and reduce self-stigma. Further systematic studies are warranted to test this intervention for long-term effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anekal C Amaresha
- Department of Social Work, Christ University, Bengaluru, 560029, India.
| | - Sunil Vasu Kalmady
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E8 Canada
| | - Boban Joseph
- Department of Psychiatric Social Work and the Schizophrenia Clinic, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, 560029, India
| | - Sri Mahavir Agarwal
- Department of Psychiatry and the Schizophrenia Clinic, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, 560029, India
| | - Janardhanan C Narayanaswamy
- Department of Psychiatry and the Schizophrenia Clinic, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, 560029, India
| | - Ganesan Venkatasubramanian
- Department of Psychiatry and the Schizophrenia Clinic, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, 560029, India
| | - Daliboina Muralidhar
- Department of Psychiatric Social Work and the Schizophrenia Clinic, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, 560029, India
| | - Doddaballapura K Subbakrishna
- Department of Biostatistics, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, 560029, India
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Adiana G, Juahir H, Shazili N, Joseph B, Yusra A. Variation of Rare Earth Elements (REEs) in the Sulu and Celebes Seas of Malaysian waters during PMSE 09’ expedition using analytical and chemometric techniques. J Fundam and Appl Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.4314/jfas.v9i2s.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Joseph B. Primary caregivers perceived stress, social support and expressed emotion while caring persons with first episode psychosis. Asian J Psychiatr 2018; 31:1. [PMID: 29306217 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2017.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Boban Joseph
- Department of Psychiatric social Work, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), 1st Floor, Dr. MVG Centre, PB No-2900, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560029, India.
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Joseph B, Muralidhar D. The scope of parental awareness and mediated training of their children with Autism Spectrum Disorders in India. Asian J Psychiatr 2018; 31:107-108. [PMID: 29462760 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2018.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 02/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Boban Joseph
- Department of Psychiatric Social Work, First Floor, Dr. MVG Centre, PB No-2900, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, 560029, India.
| | - Daliboina Muralidhar
- Department of Psychiatric Social Work, First Floor, Dr. MVG Centre, PB No-2900, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, 560029, India
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Singu DC, Joseph B, Velmurugan V, Ravuri S, Grace AN. Combustion Synthesis of Graphene from Waste Paper for High Performance Supercapacitor Electrodes. Int J Nanosci 2017. [DOI: 10.1142/s0219581x17600237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Incessant streak of unsuccessful attempts to synthesize low cost graphene with larger flake size and purity is frequently reported. Any reported methods that result in few layers of graphene with minimal contamination are definitive to exist. In this work, graphene was prepared economically from source of “paper” and detailed investigation was done on the effect of synthesizing parameters like paper source, temperature and amount of urea in the formation of graphene. This is a cost effective method, in which the paper that we use in our daily life was carbonized with the help of urea at a temperature of 850[Formula: see text]C under N2 atmosphere. The paper source was varied, shape of the paper was altered and the graphene paper with large surface area was synthesized without smudging and the prepared graphene paper was analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) for its structural, morphological investigation. To test the supercapacitance performance, electrochemical behavior was investigated in 6[Formula: see text]M KOH electrolyte. The specific capacitance of 1122[Formula: see text]F/g was obtained at 5[Formula: see text]mV/s scan rate. Chronopotentiometry curves showed an excellent cyclic stability with higher charge/discharge duration and hence could be used for electrochemical supercapacitor applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - B. Joseph
- Centre for Nanotechnology Research, VIT University, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - V. Velmurugan
- Centre for Nanotechnology Research, VIT University, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Syamsai Ravuri
- Centre for Nanotechnology Research, VIT University, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A. Nirmala Grace
- Centre for Nanotechnology Research, VIT University, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
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Joseph B, Kumaramanickavel G. ‘Insight’ into Molecular Genetic Testing in Retinoblastoma. INT J HUM GENET 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/09723757.2007.11885982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B. Joseph
- SN ONGC Department of Genetics & Molecular Biology, Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai 600 006, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - G. Kumaramanickavel
- SN ONGC Department of Genetics & Molecular Biology, Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai 600 006, Tamil Nadu, India
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Joseph B, Swathi TP. The "EMIC" and "ETIC" Models: Two Equally Important Insight Assessments in Psychosis. Indian J Psychol Med 2017; 39:718-719. [PMID: 29200582 PMCID: PMC5688913 DOI: 10.4103/ijpsym.ijpsym_145_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Boban Joseph
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - T P Swathi
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Joseph B, Torchio R, Benndorf C, Irifune T, Shinmei T, Pöttgen R, Zerr A. Experimental evidence of an electronic transition in CeP under pressure using Ce L 3 XAS. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:17526-17530. [PMID: 28657083 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp03022c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cerium phosphide undergoes a unit-cell volume discontinuity without any structural phase transitions upon application of a high pressure of ∼10 GPa. This phenomenon is attributed to a change in the electronic charge distribution of the cerium in CeP, but to date no direct experimental verification for this hypothesis has been presented. Here, we report a Ce L3-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy study under pressure, which provides direct compelling evidence of an electronic transition associated with the above-mentioned isostructural volume discontinuity. The present results should be relevant to the understanding of the phenomenon of pressure induced isostructural transitions involving unit-cell volume collapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Joseph
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14, Km 163,5, Basovizza, Trieste, Italy.
| | - R Torchio
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, BP220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex, France
| | - C Benndorf
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie Universitat Münster, Corrensstrasse 30, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - T Irifune
- Geodynamics Research Center, Ehime University, Bunkyo-cho, 7908577, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - T Shinmei
- Geodynamics Research Center, Ehime University, Bunkyo-cho, 7908577, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - R Pöttgen
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie Universitat Münster, Corrensstrasse 30, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - A Zerr
- Laboratoire des Sciences des Procédés et des Materiaux LSPM-CNRS, Université Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité 93430, Villetaneuse, France
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Lee
- Interdisciplinary Consortium on Advanced Motion Performance (iCAMP), Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas,
| | - B. Joseph
- Department of Surgery, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - B. Najafi
- Interdisciplinary Consortium on Advanced Motion Performance (iCAMP), Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas,
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Paris E, Mizuguchi Y, Hacisalihoglu MY, Hiroi T, Joseph B, Aquilanti G, Miura O, Mizokawa T, Saini NL. Role of the local structure in superconductivity of LaO 0.5F 0.5BiS 2-x Se x system. J Phys Condens Matter 2017; 29:145603. [PMID: 28165329 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aa5e97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We have studied the local structure of LaO0.5F0.5BiS2-x Se x by Bi L1-edge extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS). We find a significant effect of Se substitution on the local atomic correlations with a gradual elongation of average in-plane Bi-S bondlength. The associated mean square relative displacement, measuring average local distortions in the BiS2 plane, hardly shows any change for small Se substitution, but decreases significantly for [Formula: see text]. The Se substitution appears to suppress the local distortions within the BiS2 plane that may optimize in-plane orbital hybridization and hence the superconductivity. The results suggest that the local structure of the BiS2-layer is one of the key ingredients to control the physical properties of the BiS2-based dichalcogenides.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Paris
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma 'La Sapienza', P. le Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy. Center for Life NanoScience@Sapienza, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, V. le Regina Elena 291, 00185 Rome, Italy
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Joseph B, Ezie I, Aya B, Dapar M. Self-medication among Pregnant Women Attending Ante-natal Clinics in Jos-North, Nigeria. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.9734/ijtdh/2017/28248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Joseph B, Asiegbu U, Aya B, Nyam M, Umar D, Jimam N, Dapar M. Usability of Medicine Package Inserts for Chronic Diseases: A Survey of the Pharmaceutical Market in Jos, Nigeria. JPRI 2017. [DOI: 10.9734/jpri/2017/34603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Khalil A, Gulati N, Joseph B, Maruf M. Aortitis due to non-typhoidal Salmonella in a young immunocompetent man. Int J Infect Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2016.11.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Balasubramanian C, Joseph B, Orpe PB, Saini NL, Mukherjee S, Dziedzic-Kocurek K, Stanek J, Di Gioacchino D, Marcelli A. Defective iron-oxide nanoparticles synthesised by high temperature plasma processing: a magnetic characterisation versus temperature. Nanotechnology 2016; 27:445701. [PMID: 27668803 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/27/44/445701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic properties and phase compositions of iron-oxide nanoparticles synthesised by a high temperature arc plasma route have been investigated by Mössbauer spectroscopy and high harmonic magnetic AC susceptibility measurements, and correlated with morphological and structural properties for different synthesis conditions. The Mössbauer spectra precisely determined the presence of different iron-oxide fractions in the investigated nanoparticles, while the high harmonic magnetic susceptibility measurements revealed the occurrence of metastable magnetic phases evolving in temperature and time. This study illustrates magnetic properties and dynamics of the magnetic configurations of iron-oxide nanoparticles grown by high temperature plasma, a process less explored so far but extremely useful for synthesising large numbers of nanoparticles for industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Balasubramanian
- FCIPT Division, Institute for Plasma Research, GIDC, Sector 25, Gandhinagar 382016, India
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Joseph B, Pandit V, Zangbar B, Amman M, Khalil M, O'Keeffe T, Orouji T, Asif A, Kattaa A, Judkins D, Friese RS, Rhee P. Erratum to: Rethinking bicycle helmets as a preventive tool: a 4-year review of bicycle injuries. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 2016; 40:733. [PMID: 26814791 DOI: 10.1007/s00068-014-0459-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B Joseph
- Division of Trauma, Critical Care, Emergency Surgery, and Burns, Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Ave, Room 5411, P.O. Box 245063, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA.
| | - V Pandit
- Division of Trauma, Critical Care, Emergency Surgery, and Burns, Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Ave, Room 5411, P.O. Box 245063, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
| | - B Zangbar
- Division of Trauma, Critical Care, Emergency Surgery, and Burns, Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Ave, Room 5411, P.O. Box 245063, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
| | - M Amman
- Division of Trauma, Critical Care, Emergency Surgery, and Burns, Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Ave, Room 5411, P.O. Box 245063, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
| | - M Khalil
- Division of Trauma, Critical Care, Emergency Surgery, and Burns, Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Ave, Room 5411, P.O. Box 245063, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
| | - T O'Keeffe
- Division of Trauma, Critical Care, Emergency Surgery, and Burns, Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Ave, Room 5411, P.O. Box 245063, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
| | - T Orouji
- Division of Trauma, Critical Care, Emergency Surgery, and Burns, Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Ave, Room 5411, P.O. Box 245063, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
| | - A Asif
- Division of Trauma, Critical Care, Emergency Surgery, and Burns, Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Ave, Room 5411, P.O. Box 245063, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
| | - A Kattaa
- Division of Trauma, Critical Care, Emergency Surgery, and Burns, Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Ave, Room 5411, P.O. Box 245063, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
| | - D Judkins
- Division of Trauma, Critical Care, Emergency Surgery, and Burns, Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Ave, Room 5411, P.O. Box 245063, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
| | - R S Friese
- Division of Trauma, Critical Care, Emergency Surgery, and Burns, Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Ave, Room 5411, P.O. Box 245063, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
| | - P Rhee
- Division of Trauma, Critical Care, Emergency Surgery, and Burns, Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Ave, Room 5411, P.O. Box 245063, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
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Joseph B, Pandit V, Zangbar B, Rhee P. Response for letter to the editor "Rethinking bicycle helmets as a preventive tool: a 4 year review of bicycle injuries". Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 2016; 42:337-8. [PMID: 27059659 DOI: 10.1007/s00068-016-0653-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B Joseph
- Division of Trauma, Critical Care, Emergency Surgery, and Burns, Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Ave, Room. 5411, P.O. Box 245063, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA.
| | - V Pandit
- Division of Trauma, Critical Care, Emergency Surgery, and Burns, Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Ave, Room. 5411, P.O. Box 245063, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
| | - B Zangbar
- Division of Trauma, Critical Care, Emergency Surgery, and Burns, Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Ave, Room. 5411, P.O. Box 245063, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
| | - P Rhee
- Division of Trauma, Critical Care, Emergency Surgery, and Burns, Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Ave, Room. 5411, P.O. Box 245063, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
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Hacisalihoglu MY, Paris E, Joseph B, Simonelli L, Sato TJ, Mizokawa T, Saini NL. A study of temperature dependent local atomic displacements in a Ba(Fe(1-x)Co(x))2As2 superconductor. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:9029-35. [PMID: 26966734 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp07985c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We have studied the local structure of a Ba(Fe(1-x)Co(x))2As2 superconductor using temperature dependent extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) measurements. Polarized EXAFS at the Fe K-edge on an optimally doped (x = 0.06) single crystal has permitted us to determine atomic displacements across the superconducting transition temperature (T(c)). The Fe-As bondlength hardly shows any change with temperature; however, the Fe-Fe sublattice reveals a sharp anomaly across T(c), indicated by a significant drop in mean square relative displacements, similar to the one known for cuprates and A15-type superconductors. We have also found a large atomic disorder around the substituted Co, revealed by polarized Co K-edge EXAFS measurements. The Co-Fe/Co bonds are more flexible than the Fe-Fe bonds with the As-height in Co-containing tetrahedra being larger than the one in FeAs4. The results suggest that the local Fe-Fe bondlength fluctuations and the atomic disorder in this sub-lattice should have some important role in the superconductivity of Ba(Fe(1-x)Co(x))2As2 pnictides.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Y Hacisalihoglu
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Universitá di Roma "La Sapienza", P. le Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy. and Department of Physics, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, 53100 Rize, Turkey and Department of Physics, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey
| | - E Paris
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Universitá di Roma "La Sapienza", P. le Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy. and Center for Life NanoScience@Sapienza, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, V. le Regina Elena 291, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - B Joseph
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Universitá di Roma "La Sapienza", P. le Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy. and Elettra, Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14, Km 163.5, Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - L Simonelli
- ALBA Synchrotron Light Facility, Crta. BP 1413, Km. 3.3, 08290 Cerdanyola del Vallés, Barcelona, Spain
| | - T J Sato
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - T Mizokawa
- Department of Applied Physics, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - N L Saini
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Universitá di Roma "La Sapienza", P. le Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy.
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Kwa M, Novik Y, Oratz R, Jhaveri K, Wu J, Gu P, Meyers M, Muggia F, Bonakdar M, Abidoglu C, Kozhaya L, Li X, Joseph B, Iwano A, Friedman K, Goldberg JD, Unutmaz D, Adams S. Abstract P2-11-11: Phase II trial of exemestane with immunomodulatory oral cyclophosphamide in metastatic hormone receptor (HR)-positive breast cancer: Prolonged progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with distinct T regulatory cell (Treg) profile. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs15-p2-11-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Resistance to endocrine therapies in HR-positive breast cancer is a significant challenge. The steroidal aromatase inhibitor (AI) exemestane (EXE) has demonstrated short-term efficacy in metastatic HR-positive HER2-negative breast cancer (mHR+BC) that has progressed during treatment with a non-steroidal AI. Combination strategies have not shown a survival benefit. Immunotherapy represents a promising approach as it may increase durability of responses. Low dose cyclophosphamide (CTX) has demonstrated efficacy in combination with neoadjuvant letrozole in HR+BC, conceivably by enhancing anti-tumor immune responses. Here we investigated whether EXE combined with immunomodulatory CTX could provide durable responses in heavily pretreated patients and assessed immunological profiles (NCT01963481).
Methods: Phase II trial of EXE (25mg PO daily) with CTX (50 mg PO daily) enrolled postmenopausal women (n=23) with mHR+BC who had progressed on prior endocrine therapy (including nonsteroidal AI, tamoxifen, and/or fulvestrant); prior chemotherapy was allowed. The primary endpoint was PFS (per RECIST 1.1) at 3 months; secondary endpoints were response rate, tolerability, and immune correlates. Detailed functional immune profiling of peripheral T cell subsets were performed by flow cytometry at baseline, 1, 3, 6, 9 & 12 months, with healthy donors available as controls.
Results: All 23 patients have been enrolled, and 21 are evaluable for response. Median age was 54 (range 31-77), median prior lines of endocrine therapy was 2 (1-3) and chemotherapy was 1 (0-5). The majority (15/23) had visceral organ involvement. Combination treatment was well tolerated with one grade 3 urinary tract infection but no grade 4 or 5 toxicity. An objective response was observed in 19% of patients (4/21, 1 CR and 3 PR) and an additional 33% (7/21) had SD, resulting in a 3-month-PFS of 48.5% (95% CI, 30.5-77.1). Responses were durable in all patients, lasting =/> 9 months and included patients with liver metastases.
Comparison of peripheral immune cell subsets of patients (n=16) at baseline to age/sex-matched healthy controls demonstrated an increased proportion of CD4+ memory T cells with central memory phenotype (CD45RO+CD27+, p<0.0001). When patients were stratified based on PFS at 3 months, the proportion of naïve Tregs (CD4+CD45RO-FOXP3+Helios+) at baseline was significantly lower (p=0.003) in the non-progressor group compared to patients with progression. Remarkably, when these patient groups were compared for changes in T cell subsets during treatment, the proportion of both naïve and memory Treg subsets increased from baseline to 3 months (p<0.01), but only in the non-progressor patient group. While preliminary, these findings are possibly indicative of novel predictive biomarkers.
Conclusion: EXE and CTX had a favorable safety profile with evidence of clinical activity in patients with heavily pretreated mHR+BC, including durable responses in liver and bone. Correlative studies are ongoing to identify potential biomarkers of response or resistance to therapy.
Citation Format: Kwa M, Novik Y, Oratz R, Jhaveri K, Wu J, Gu P, Meyers M, Muggia F, Bonakdar M, Abidoglu C, Kozhaya L, Li X, Joseph B, Iwano A, Friedman K, Goldberg JD, Unutmaz D, Adams S. Phase II trial of exemestane with immunomodulatory oral cyclophosphamide in metastatic hormone receptor (HR)-positive breast cancer: Prolonged progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with distinct T regulatory cell (Treg) profile. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-11-11.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kwa
- New York University, NY, NY; Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT
| | - Y Novik
- New York University, NY, NY; Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT
| | - R Oratz
- New York University, NY, NY; Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT
| | - K Jhaveri
- New York University, NY, NY; Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT
| | - J Wu
- New York University, NY, NY; Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT
| | - P Gu
- New York University, NY, NY; Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT
| | - M Meyers
- New York University, NY, NY; Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT
| | - F Muggia
- New York University, NY, NY; Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT
| | - M Bonakdar
- New York University, NY, NY; Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT
| | - C Abidoglu
- New York University, NY, NY; Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT
| | - L Kozhaya
- New York University, NY, NY; Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT
| | - X Li
- New York University, NY, NY; Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT
| | - B Joseph
- New York University, NY, NY; Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT
| | - A Iwano
- New York University, NY, NY; Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT
| | - K Friedman
- New York University, NY, NY; Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT
| | - JD Goldberg
- New York University, NY, NY; Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT
| | - D Unutmaz
- New York University, NY, NY; Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT
| | - S Adams
- New York University, NY, NY; Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT
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Marini C, Noked O, Kantor I, Joseph B, Mathon O, Shuker R, Kennedy BJ, Pascarelli S, Sterer E. Nb K-edge x-ray absorption investigation of the pressure induced amorphization in A-site deficient double perovskite La1/3NbO3. J Phys Condens Matter 2016; 28:045401. [PMID: 26742465 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/28/4/045401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Nb K-edge x-ray absorption spectroscopy is utilized to investigate the changes in the local structure of the A-site deficient double perovskite La1/3NbO3 which undergoes a pressure induced irreversible amorphization. EXAFS results show that with increasing pressure up to 7.5 GPa, the average Nb-O bond distance decreases in agreement with the expected compression and tilting of the NbO6 octahedra. On the contrary, above 7.5 GPa, the average Nb-O bond distance show a tendency to increase. Significant changes in the Nb K-edge XANES spectrum with evident low energy shift of the pre-peak and the absorption edge is found to happen in La1/3NbO3 above 6.3 GPa. These changes evidence a gradual reduction of the Nb cations from Nb(5+) towards Nb(4+) above 6.3 GPa. Such a valence change accompanied by the elongation of the average Nb-O bond distances in the octahedra, introduces repulsion forces between non-bonding adjacent oxygen anions in the unoccupied A-sites. Above a critical pressure, the Nb reduction mechanism can no longer be sustained by the changing local structure and amorphization occurs, apparently due to the build-up of local strain. EXAFS and XANES results indicate two distinct pressure regimes having different local and electronic response in the La1/3NbO3 system before the occurence of the pressure induced amorphization at ∼14.5 GPa.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Marini
- CELLS-ALBA, Carretera B.P. 1413, Cerdanyola del Valles 08290, Spain. European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 6 Rue Jules Horowitz, BP220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex, France
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Ong MC, Fok FM, Sultan K, Joseph B. Distribution of Heavy Metals and Rare Earth Elements in the Surface Sediments of Penang River Estuary, Malaysia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.4236/ojms.2016.61008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Pinto A, Devaraj U, Ramachandran P, Joseph B, D'Souza G. Prevalence and risk factors of obstructive sleep apnea in a rural population in India. Sleep Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2015.02.1469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Amaresha AC, Joseph B, Agarwal SM, Narayanaswamy JC, Venkatasubramanian G, Muralidhar D, Subbakrishna DK. Assessing the needs of siblings of persons with schizophrenia: A qualitative study from India. Asian J Psychiatr 2015; 17:16-23. [PMID: 26272276 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2015.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Revised: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
There is a lack of studies on siblings of persons with schizophrenia (SOPS) in Asia. This study aims to explore the needs of SOPS in India. 15 SOPS participated in this qualitative explorative study. All the interviews were audio recorded and later transcribed. Data analysis was carried out using General Inductive Approach. Five themes emerged from the data: managing illness or socio-occupational functioning; follow up services; informational needs; personal needs; and miscellaneous needs. SOPS in India have some distinctive needs. Identifying these needs might help in developing and designing specific psychosocial interventions for better management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anekal C Amaresha
- Department of Psychiatric Social Work, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, 560029, India.
| | - Boban Joseph
- Department of Psychiatric Social Work, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, 560029, India
| | - Sri Mahavir Agarwal
- Department of Psychiatric Social Work, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, 560029, India
| | - Janardhanan C Narayanaswamy
- Department of Psychiatric Social Work, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, 560029, India
| | - Ganesan Venkatasubramanian
- Department of Psychiatric Social Work, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, 560029, India
| | - Daliboina Muralidhar
- Department of Psychiatric Social Work, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, 560029, India
| | - Doddaballapura K Subbakrishna
- Department of Psychiatric Social Work, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, 560029, India
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Shivakumar V, Kalmady SV, Amaresha AC, Jose D, Narayanaswamy JC, Agarwal SM, Joseph B, Venkatasubramanian G, Ravi V, Keshavan MS, Gangadhar BN. Serum vitamin D and hippocampal gray matter volume in schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res 2015; 233:175-9. [PMID: 26163386 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2015.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Disparate lines of evidence including epidemiological and case-control studies have increasingly implicated vitamin D in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Vitamin D deficiency can lead to dysfunction of the hippocampus--a brain region hypothesized to be critically involved in schizophrenia. In this study, we examined for potential association between serum vitamin D level and hippocampal gray matter volume in antipsychotic-naïve or antipsychotic-free schizophrenia patients (n = 35). Serum vitamin D level was estimated using 25-OH vitamin D immunoassay. Optimized voxel-based morphometry was used to analyze 3-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (1-mm slice thickness). Ninety-seven percent of the schizophrenia patients (n = 34) had sub-optimal levels of serum vitamin D (83%, deficiency; 14%, insufficiency). A significant positive correlation was seen between vitamin D and regional gray matter volume in the right hippocampus after controlling for age, years of education and total intracranial volume (Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI) coordinates: x = 35, y = -18, z = -8; t = 4.34 pFWE(Corrected) = 0.018). These observations support a potential role of vitamin D deficiency in mediating hippocampal volume deficits, possibly through neurotrophic, neuroimmunomodulatory and glutamatergic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkataram Shivakumar
- Schizophrenia Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, NIMHANS, Bangalore, India; Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, NIMHANS, Bangalore, India; Department of Clinical Neurosciences, NIMHANS, Bangalore, India
| | - Sunil V Kalmady
- Schizophrenia Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, NIMHANS, Bangalore, India; Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, NIMHANS, Bangalore, India
| | - Anekal C Amaresha
- Schizophrenia Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, NIMHANS, Bangalore, India; Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, NIMHANS, Bangalore, India
| | - Dania Jose
- Schizophrenia Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, NIMHANS, Bangalore, India; Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, NIMHANS, Bangalore, India
| | - Janardhanan C Narayanaswamy
- Schizophrenia Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, NIMHANS, Bangalore, India; Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, NIMHANS, Bangalore, India
| | - Sri Mahavir Agarwal
- Schizophrenia Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, NIMHANS, Bangalore, India; Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, NIMHANS, Bangalore, India
| | - Boban Joseph
- Schizophrenia Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, NIMHANS, Bangalore, India; Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, NIMHANS, Bangalore, India
| | - Ganesan Venkatasubramanian
- Schizophrenia Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, NIMHANS, Bangalore, India; Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, NIMHANS, Bangalore, India.
| | | | - Matcheri S Keshavan
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Massachusetts Mental Health Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Hacisalihoglu MY, Paris E, Joseph B, Yanmaz E, Saini NL. The nanoscale structure and unoccupied valence electronic states in FeSe1-xTex chalcogenides probed by X-ray absorption measurements. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:18131-7. [PMID: 26099493 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp01740h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We have studied the nanoscale structure and unoccupied electronic states in FeSe1-xTex by a combined analysis of Se K, Te L1 and Fe K-edges X-ray absorption measurements. Extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) results show that iron-chalcogen (Fe-Se and Fe-Te) distances in ternary FeSe1-xTex are similar to those measured for binary FeSe and FeTe. The local Fe-Se/Te distances determined by different absorption edges fit well in the characteristic Z-plot of random alloys, providing unambiguous support to the inhomogeneous nanoscale structure of the ternary FeSe1-xTex system. X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectra reveal a gradual evolution of the unoccupied valence electronic states as a function of Te-substitution in FeSe1-xTex. The Fe 3d-Se 4p/Te 5p hybridization is found to decrease with Te-substitution, accompanied by an increase in unoccupied Se 4p states and a decrease in unoccupied Te 5p states. The results are discussed in the frame of local inhomogeneity in the FeSe1-xTex system driven by random alloying of Se/Te atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Y Hacisalihoglu
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Universitá di Roma "La Sapienza", P. le Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Rome, Italy.
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Ong M, Joseph B, Shazili N, Ghazali A, Mohamad M. Heavy Metals Concentration in Surficial Sediments of Bidong Island, South China Sea off the East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.3923/ajes.2015.74.82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Abstract
Impairment of insight is considered as the hallmark of schizophrenia. Substantial proportion of patients with schizophrenia has either poor or absent insight. Insight is a multidimensional and dynamic construct which appears to have intricate links with other symptom dimensions of the psychotic illness. A better appreciation of the association that insight shares with other symptom clusters in psychosis could help us in gaining knowledge about aetiology, prognosis and treatment-related facets of the disorder. This is likely to have critical implications in the understanding and therapeutics of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boban Joseph
- Department of Psychiatric Social Work, Schizophrenia Clinic, Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Janardhanan C Narayanaswamy
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Ganesan Venkatasubramanian
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
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Kavanagh E, Rodhe J, Burguillos MA, Venero JL, Joseph B. Regulation of caspase-3 processing by cIAP2 controls the switch between pro-inflammatory activation and cell death in microglia. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1565. [PMID: 25501826 PMCID: PMC4454160 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Revised: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The activation of microglia, resident immune cells of the central nervous system, and inflammation-mediated neurotoxicity are typical features of neurodegenerative diseases, for example, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. An unexpected role of caspase-3, commonly known to have executioner role for apoptosis, was uncovered in the microglia activation process. A central question emerging from this finding is what prevents caspase-3 during the microglia activation from killing those cells? Caspase-3 activation occurs as a two-step process, where the zymogen is first cleaved by upstream caspases, such as caspase-8, to form intermediate, yet still active, p19/p12 complex; thereafter, autocatalytic processing generates the fully mature p17/p12 form of the enzyme. Here, we show that the induction of cellular inhibitor of apoptosis protein 2 (cIAP2) expression upon microglia activation prevents the conversion of caspase-3 p19 subunit to p17 subunit and is responsible for restraining caspase-3 in terms of activity and subcellular localization. We demonstrate that counteracting the repressive effect of cIAP2 on caspase-3 activation, using small interfering RNA targeting cIAP2 or a SMAC mimetic such as the BV6 compound, reduced the pro-inflammatory activation of microglia cells and promoted their death. We propose that the different caspase-3 functions in microglia, and potentially other cell types, reside in the active caspase-3 complexes formed. These results also could indicate cIAP2 as a possible therapeutic target to modulate microglia pro-inflammatory activation and associated neurotoxicity observed in neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Kavanagh
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Cancer Centrum Karolinska, R8:03, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J Rodhe
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Cancer Centrum Karolinska, R8:03, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M A Burguillos
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Cancer Centrum Karolinska, R8:03, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J L Venero
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla and Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Sevilla, Spain
| | - B Joseph
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Cancer Centrum Karolinska, R8:03, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Marini C, Joseph B, Caramazza S, Capitani F, Bendele M, Mitrano M, Chermisi D, Mangialardo S, Pal B, Goyal M, Iadecola A, Mathon O, Pascarelli S, Sarma DD, Postorino P. Local disorder investigation in NiS(2-x)Se(x) using Raman and Ni K-edge x-ray absorption spectroscopies. J Phys Condens Matter 2014; 26:452201. [PMID: 25320052 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/26/45/452201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We report on Raman and Ni K-edge x-ray absorption investigations of a NiS(2-x)Se(x) (with x = 0.00, 0.50/0.55, 0.60, and 1.20) pyrite family. The Ni K-edge absorption edge shows a systematic shift going from an insulating phase (x = 0.00 and 0.50) to a metallic phase (x = 0.60 and 1.20). The near-edge absorption features show a clear evolution with Se doping. The extended x-ray absorption fine structure data reveal the evolution of the local structure with Se doping which mainly governs the local disorder. We also describe the decomposition of the NiS(2-x)Se(x) Raman spectra and investigate the weights of various phonon modes using Gaussian and Lorentzian profiles. The effectiveness of the fitting models in describing the data is evaluated by means of Bayes factor estimation. The Raman analysis clearly demonstrates the disorder effects due to Se alloying in describing the phonon spectra of NiS(2-x)Se(x) pyrites.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Marini
- CELLS-ALBA, Carretera B.P. 1413, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08290, Barcelona, Spain. ESRF-The European Synchrotron, 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
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Paris E, Joseph B, Iadecola A, Sugimoto T, Olivi L, Demura S, Mizuguchi Y, Takano Y, Mizokawa T, Saini NL. Determination of local atomic displacements in CeO(1-x)F(x)BiS2 system. J Phys Condens Matter 2014; 26:435701. [PMID: 25299179 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/26/43/435701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We have used Bi and Ce L3-edges extended x-ray absorption fine structure measurements to study local structure of CeO(1-x)F(x)BiS2 system as a function of F-substitution. The local structure of both BiS2 active layer and CeO1-xFx spacer layer changes systematically. The in-plane Bi-S1 distance decreases (ΔRmax ∼ 0.08 Å) and the out-of-plane Bi-S2 distance increases (ΔRmax ∼ 0.12 Å) with increasing F-content. On the other hand, the Ce-O/F distance increases (ΔRmax ∼ 0.2 Å) with a concomitant decrease of the Ce-S2 distance (ΔRmax ∼ 0.15 Å). Interestingly, the Bi-S1 distance is characterized by a large disorder that increases with F-content. The results provide useful information on the local atomic displacements in CeO(1-x)F(x)BiS2, that should be important for the understanding of the coexistence of superconductivity and low temperature ferromagnetism in this system.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Paris
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma 'La Sapienza', P. le Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy
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Joseph B, Pandit V, Zangbar B, Amman M, Khalil M, O'Keeffe T, Orouji T, Asif A, Katta A, Judkins D, Friese RS, Rhee P. Rethinking bicycle helmets as a preventive tool: a 4-year review of bicycle injuries. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 2014; 40:729-32. [PMID: 26814790 DOI: 10.1007/s00068-014-0453-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Traumatic brain injury is a leading cause of disability in bicycle riders. Preventive measures including bicycle helmet laws have been highlighted; however, its protective role has always been debated. The aim of this study was to determine the utility of bicycle helmets in prevention of intra-cranial hemorrhage. We hypothesized that bicycle helmets are protective and prevent the development of intra-cranial hemorrhage. METHODS We performed a 4-year (2009-2012) retrospective cohort analysis of all the patients who presented with traumatic brain injury due to bicycle injuries to our level 1 trauma center. We compared helmeted and non-helmeted bicycle riders for differences in the patterns of injury, need for intensive care unit admissions and mortality. RESULTS A total of 864 patients were reviewed of which, 709 patients (helmeted = 300, non-helmeted = 409) were included. Non-helmeted bicycle riders were more likely to be young (p < 0.001) males (p = 0.01). There was no difference in the median ISS between the two groups (p = 0.3). Non-helmeted riders were more likely to have a skull fracture (p = 0.01) and a scalp laceration (p = 0.01) compared to the helmeted riders. There was no difference in intra-cranial hemorrhage between the two groups (p = 0.1). Wearing a bicycle helmet was not independently associated (p = 0.1) with development of intra-cranial hemorrhage. CONCLUSION Bicycle helmets may have a protective effect against external head injury but its protective role for intra-cranial hemorrhage is questionable. Further studies assessing the protective role of helmets for intra-cranial hemorrhage are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Joseph
- Division of Trauma, Critical Care, Emergency Surgery, and Burns, Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Ave, Room 5411, P.O. Box 245063, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA.
| | - V Pandit
- Division of Trauma, Critical Care, Emergency Surgery, and Burns, Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Ave, Room 5411, P.O. Box 245063, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
| | - B Zangbar
- Division of Trauma, Critical Care, Emergency Surgery, and Burns, Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Ave, Room 5411, P.O. Box 245063, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
| | - M Amman
- Division of Trauma, Critical Care, Emergency Surgery, and Burns, Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Ave, Room 5411, P.O. Box 245063, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
| | - M Khalil
- Division of Trauma, Critical Care, Emergency Surgery, and Burns, Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Ave, Room 5411, P.O. Box 245063, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
| | - T O'Keeffe
- Division of Trauma, Critical Care, Emergency Surgery, and Burns, Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Ave, Room 5411, P.O. Box 245063, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
| | - T Orouji
- Division of Trauma, Critical Care, Emergency Surgery, and Burns, Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Ave, Room 5411, P.O. Box 245063, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
| | - A Asif
- Division of Trauma, Critical Care, Emergency Surgery, and Burns, Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Ave, Room 5411, P.O. Box 245063, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
| | - A Katta
- Division of Trauma, Critical Care, Emergency Surgery, and Burns, Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Ave, Room 5411, P.O. Box 245063, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
| | - D Judkins
- Division of Trauma, Critical Care, Emergency Surgery, and Burns, Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Ave, Room 5411, P.O. Box 245063, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
| | - R S Friese
- Division of Trauma, Critical Care, Emergency Surgery, and Burns, Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Ave, Room 5411, P.O. Box 245063, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
| | - P Rhee
- Division of Trauma, Critical Care, Emergency Surgery, and Burns, Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Ave, Room 5411, P.O. Box 245063, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
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Galluzzi L, Bravo-San Pedro JM, Vitale I, Aaronson SA, Abrams JM, Adam D, Alnemri ES, Altucci L, Andrews D, Annicchiarico-Petruzzelli M, Baehrecke EH, Bazan NG, Bertrand MJ, Bianchi K, Blagosklonny MV, Blomgren K, Borner C, Bredesen DE, Brenner C, Campanella M, Candi E, Cecconi F, Chan FK, Chandel NS, Cheng EH, Chipuk JE, Cidlowski JA, Ciechanover A, Dawson TM, Dawson VL, De Laurenzi V, De Maria R, Debatin KM, Di Daniele N, Dixit VM, Dynlacht BD, El-Deiry WS, Fimia GM, Flavell RA, Fulda S, Garrido C, Gougeon ML, Green DR, Gronemeyer H, Hajnoczky G, Hardwick JM, Hengartner MO, Ichijo H, Joseph B, Jost PJ, Kaufmann T, Kepp O, Klionsky DJ, Knight RA, Kumar S, Lemasters JJ, Levine B, Linkermann A, Lipton SA, Lockshin RA, López-Otín C, Lugli E, Madeo F, Malorni W, Marine JC, Martin SJ, Martinou JC, Medema JP, Meier P, Melino S, Mizushima N, Moll U, Muñoz-Pinedo C, Nuñez G, Oberst A, Panaretakis T, Penninger JM, Peter ME, Piacentini M, Pinton P, Prehn JH, Puthalakath H, Rabinovich GA, Ravichandran KS, Rizzuto R, Rodrigues CM, Rubinsztein DC, Rudel T, Shi Y, Simon HU, Stockwell BR, Szabadkai G, Tait SW, Tang HL, Tavernarakis N, Tsujimoto Y, Vanden Berghe T, Vandenabeele P, Villunger A, Wagner EF, Walczak H, White E, Wood WG, Yuan J, Zakeri Z, Zhivotovsky B, Melino G, Kroemer G. Essential versus accessory aspects of cell death: recommendations of the NCCD 2015. Cell Death Differ 2014; 22:58-73. [PMID: 25236395 PMCID: PMC4262782 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2014.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 664] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2014] [Accepted: 07/30/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells exposed to extreme physicochemical or mechanical stimuli die in an uncontrollable manner, as a result of their immediate structural breakdown. Such an unavoidable variant of cellular demise is generally referred to as ‘accidental cell death' (ACD). In most settings, however, cell death is initiated by a genetically encoded apparatus, correlating with the fact that its course can be altered by pharmacologic or genetic interventions. ‘Regulated cell death' (RCD) can occur as part of physiologic programs or can be activated once adaptive responses to perturbations of the extracellular or intracellular microenvironment fail. The biochemical phenomena that accompany RCD may be harnessed to classify it into a few subtypes, which often (but not always) exhibit stereotyped morphologic features. Nonetheless, efficiently inhibiting the processes that are commonly thought to cause RCD, such as the activation of executioner caspases in the course of apoptosis, does not exert true cytoprotective effects in the mammalian system, but simply alters the kinetics of cellular demise as it shifts its morphologic and biochemical correlates. Conversely, bona fide cytoprotection can be achieved by inhibiting the transduction of lethal signals in the early phases of the process, when adaptive responses are still operational. Thus, the mechanisms that truly execute RCD may be less understood, less inhibitable and perhaps more homogeneous than previously thought. Here, the Nomenclature Committee on Cell Death formulates a set of recommendations to help scientists and researchers to discriminate between essential and accessory aspects of cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Galluzzi
- 1] Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Villejuif, France [2] Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France [3] Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - J M Bravo-San Pedro
- 1] Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Villejuif, France [2] Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France [3] INSERM, U1138, Gustave Roussy, Paris, France
| | - I Vitale
- Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - S A Aaronson
- Department of Oncological Sciences, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Ichan School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - J M Abrams
- Department of Cell Biology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - D Adam
- Institute of Immunology, Christian-Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | - E S Alnemri
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - L Altucci
- Dipartimento di Biochimica, Biofisica e Patologia Generale, Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - D Andrews
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - M Annicchiarico-Petruzzelli
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata - Istituto Ricovero Cura Carattere Scientifico (IDI-IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - E H Baehrecke
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - N G Bazan
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - M J Bertrand
- 1] VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent, Belgium [2] Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - K Bianchi
- 1] Barts Cancer Institute, Cancer Research UK Centre of Excellence, London, UK [2] Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Centre, London, UK
| | - M V Blagosklonny
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - K Blomgren
- Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - C Borner
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs University, Freiburg, Germany
| | - D E Bredesen
- 1] Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, USA [2] Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - C Brenner
- 1] INSERM, UMRS769, Châtenay Malabry, France [2] LabEx LERMIT, Châtenay Malabry, France [3] Université Paris Sud/Paris XI, Orsay, France
| | - M Campanella
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences and Consortium for Mitochondrial Research, University College London (UCL), London, UK
| | - E Candi
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - F Cecconi
- 1] Laboratory of Molecular Neuroembryology, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy [2] Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata; Rome, Italy [3] Unit of Cell Stress and Survival, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - F K Chan
- Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - N S Chandel
- Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - E H Cheng
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program and Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, NY, USA
| | - J E Chipuk
- Department of Oncological Sciences, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Ichan School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - J A Cidlowski
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institute of Health (NIH), North Carolina, NC, USA
| | - A Ciechanover
- Tumor and Vascular Biology Research Center, The Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Research Institute, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - T M Dawson
- 1] Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering (ICE), Departments of Neurology, Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Solomon H Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA [2] Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - V L Dawson
- 1] Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering (ICE), Departments of Neurology, Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Solomon H Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA [2] Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - V De Laurenzi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Sciences, Gabriele d'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
| | - R De Maria
- Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - K-M Debatin
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - N Di Daniele
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - V M Dixit
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - B D Dynlacht
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Institute, Smilow Research Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - W S El-Deiry
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, Department of Medicine (Hematology/Oncology), Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - G M Fimia
- 1] Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Lecce, Italy [2] Department of Epidemiology and Preclinical Research, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani, Istituto Ricovero Cura Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - R A Flavell
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - S Fulda
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - C Garrido
- 1] INSERM, U866, Dijon, France [2] Faculty of Medicine, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France
| | - M-L Gougeon
- Antiviral Immunity, Biotherapy and Vaccine Unit, Infection and Epidemiology Department, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - D R Green
- Department of Immunology, St Jude's Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - H Gronemeyer
- Department of Functional Genomics and Cancer, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Illkirch, France
| | - G Hajnoczky
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - J M Hardwick
- W Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - M O Hengartner
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - H Ichijo
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - B Joseph
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Cancer Centrum Karolinska (CCK), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - P J Jost
- Medical Department for Hematology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - T Kaufmann
- Institute of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - O Kepp
- 1] Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France [2] INSERM, U1138, Gustave Roussy, Paris, France [3] Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Villejuif, France
| | - D J Klionsky
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - R A Knight
- 1] Medical Molecular Biology Unit, Institute of Child Health, University College London (UCL), London, UK [2] Medical Research Council Toxicology Unit, Leicester, UK
| | - S Kumar
- 1] Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia [2] School of Medicine and School of Molecular and Biomedical Science, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - J J Lemasters
- Departments of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - B Levine
- 1] Center for Autophagy Research, University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA [2] Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI), Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - A Linkermann
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Christian-Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | - S A Lipton
- 1] The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA [2] Sanford-Burnham Center for Neuroscience, Aging, and Stem Cell Research, La Jolla, CA, USA [3] Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA [4] University of California, San Diego (UCSD), San Diego, CA, USA
| | - R A Lockshin
- Department of Biological Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, USA
| | - C López-Otín
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medecine, Instituto Universitario de Oncología (IUOPA), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - E Lugli
- Unit of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Milan, Italy
| | - F Madeo
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - W Malorni
- 1] Department of Therapeutic Research and Medicine Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanita (ISS), Roma, Italy [2] San Raffaele Institute, Sulmona, Italy
| | - J-C Marine
- 1] Laboratory for Molecular Cancer Biology, Center for the Biology of Disease, Leuven, Belgium [2] Laboratory for Molecular Cancer Biology, Center of Human Genetics, Leuven, Belgium
| | - S J Martin
- Department of Genetics, The Smurfit Institute, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - J-C Martinou
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - J P Medema
- Laboratory for Experiments Oncology and Radiobiology (LEXOR), Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - P Meier
- Institute of Cancer Research, The Breakthrough Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, London, UK
| | - S Melino
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - N Mizushima
- Graduate School and Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - U Moll
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - C Muñoz-Pinedo
- Cell Death Regulation Group, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - G Nuñez
- Department of Pathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - A Oberst
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - T Panaretakis
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Cancer Centrum Karolinska (CCK), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J M Penninger
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - M E Peter
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - M Piacentini
- 1] Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata; Rome, Italy [2] Department of Epidemiology and Preclinical Research, National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani, Istituto Ricovero Cura Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - P Pinton
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pathology, Oncology and Experimental Biology and LTTA Center, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - J H Prehn
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons, Dublin, Ireland
| | - H Puthalakath
- Department of Biochemistry, La Trobe Institute of Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - G A Rabinovich
- Laboratory of Immunopathology, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - K S Ravichandran
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - R Rizzuto
- Department Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - C M Rodrigues
- Research Institute for Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - D C Rubinsztein
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - T Rudel
- Department of Microbiology, University of Würzburg; Würzburg, Germany
| | - Y Shi
- Soochow Institute for Translational Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - H-U Simon
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - B R Stockwell
- 1] Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI), Chevy Chase, MD, USA [2] Departments of Biological Sciences and Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - G Szabadkai
- 1] Department Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy [2] Department of Cell and Developmental Biology and Consortium for Mitochondrial Research, University College London (UCL), London, UK
| | - S W Tait
- 1] Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK [2] Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - H L Tang
- W Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - N Tavernarakis
- 1] Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Heraklion, Crete, Greece [2] Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Y Tsujimoto
- Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan
| | - T Vanden Berghe
- 1] VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent, Belgium [2] Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - P Vandenabeele
- 1] VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent, Belgium [2] Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium [3] Methusalem Program, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - A Villunger
- Division of Developmental Immunology, Biocenter, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - E F Wagner
- Cancer Cell Biology Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - H Walczak
- Centre for Cell Death, Cancer and Inflammation (CCCI), UCL Cancer Institute, University College London (UCL), London, UK
| | - E White
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - W G Wood
- 1] Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, MN, USA [2] Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, VA Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - J Yuan
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Z Zakeri
- 1] Department of Biology, Queens College, Queens, NY, USA [2] Graduate Center, City University of New York (CUNY), Queens, NY, USA
| | - B Zhivotovsky
- 1] Division of Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden [2] Faculty of Fundamental Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - G Melino
- 1] Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy [2] Medical Research Council Toxicology Unit, Leicester, UK
| | - G Kroemer
- 1] Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France [2] Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France [3] INSERM, U1138, Gustave Roussy, Paris, France [4] Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Villejuif, France [5] Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France
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