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Dressler D, Kopp B, Pan L, Saberi FA. The natural course of idiopathic cervical dystonia. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2024; 131:245-252. [PMID: 38244034 PMCID: PMC10874318 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-023-02736-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Idiopathic cervical dystonia (ICD) is by far the largest subgroup of dystonia. Still, its natural course is largely unknown. We studied the natural course of 100 ICD patients from our botulinum toxin clinics (age at ICD onset 45.8 ± 13.5 years, female/male ratio 2.0) over a period of 17.5 ± 11.5 years with follow-ups during botulinum toxin therapy and with semi-structured interviews. Two courses of ICD could be distinguished by symptom development of more or less than 6 months. ICD-type 2 was less frequent (19% vs 81%, p < 0.001), had a more rapid onset (8.7 ± 8.0 weeks vs 3.8 ± 3.5 years), a higher remission rate (92% vs 5%, p < 0.001) and a higher prevalence of excessive psychological stress preceding ICD (63% vs 1%, p < 0.001). In both ICD-types, the plateau phase was non-progressive. Significant differences in patient age at ICD onset, latency and extent of remission, female/male ratio and prevalence of family history of dystonia could not be detected. ICD is a non-progressive disorder. ICD-type 1 represents the standard course. ICD-type 2 features rapid onset, preceding excessive psychological stress and a high remission rate. These findings will improve prognosis, treatment strategies and understanding of underlying disease mechanisms. They contradict the widespread fear of patients of a constant and continued decline of their condition. Excessive psychological stress may be an epigenetic factor triggering the manifestation of genetically predetermined dystonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Dressler
- Movement Disorders Section, Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Bruno Kopp
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Lizhen Pan
- Movement Disorders Section, Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Neurotoxin Research Center, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Dressler D, Kopp B, Pan L, Adib Saberi F. Excessive psychological stress preceding the onset of idiopathic cervical dystonia. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2024; 131:53-57. [PMID: 37773224 PMCID: PMC10770183 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-023-02694-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Idiopathic cervical dystonia (ICD) is the largest subgroup of dystonia. Psychological stress as a triggering factor has long been discussed, but detailed descriptions are lacking. We report on a group of 13 patients with ICD and preceding excessive psychological stress (age at ICD onset 39.0 ± 13.9 years, 7 females, 6 males). The observation period was 7.8 ± 5.0 years. Excessive psychological stress included partner conflicts (divorce and separation, domestic violence), special familial burdens, legal disputes and migration. It started 8.3 ± 3.9 months before ICD onset. In 85% of our patients (typical cases), ICD developed within 5.8 ± 4.4 weeks, then lasted 18.5 ± 8.3 months, before it started to remit 2.7 ± 0.8 years after its onset to 54.5 ± 35.3% of its maximal severity. Idiopathic dystonia is thought to be based upon a genetic predisposition triggered by epigenetic factors. Our study suggests that excessive psychological stress could be one of them. Pathophysiologic elements are only vaguely identified, but could include the endoplasmic reticulum stress response, cerebellar 5HT-2A receptors and the metabolism of heat shock proteins. Whilst the clinical presentation of ICD preceded by excessive psychological stress is typical, its course is atypical with rapid onset and fast and substantial remission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Dressler
- Movement Disorders Section, Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Bruno Kopp
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Lizhen Pan
- Movement Disorders Section, Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Neurotoxin Research Center, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Sznabel D, Land R, Kopp B, Kral A. The relation between implicit statistical learning and proactivity as revealed by EEG. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15787. [PMID: 37737452 PMCID: PMC10516964 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42116-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Environmental events often occur on a probabilistic basis but can sometimes be predicted based on specific cues and thus approached proactively. Incidental statistical learning enables the acquisition of knowledge about probabilistic cue-target contingencies. However, the neural mechanisms of statistical learning about contingencies (SLC), the required conditions for successful learning, and the role of implicit processes in the resultant proactive behavior are still debated. We examined changes in behavior and cortical activity during an SLC task in which subjects responded to visual targets. Unbeknown to them, there were three types of target cues associated with high-, low-, and zero target probabilities. About half of the subjects spontaneously gained explicit knowledge about the contingencies (contingency-aware group), and only they showed evidence of proactivity: shortened response times to predictable targets and enhanced event-related brain responses (cue-evoked P300 and contingent negative variation, CNV) to high probability cues. The behavioral and brain responses were strictly associated on a single-trial basis. Source reconstruction of the brain responses revealed activation of fronto-parietal brain regions associated with cognitive control, particularly the anterior cingulate cortex and precuneus. We also found neural correlates of SLC in the contingency-unaware group, but these were restricted to post-target latencies and visual association areas. Our results document a qualitative difference between explicit and implicit learning processes and suggest that in certain conditions, proactivity may require explicit knowledge about contingencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Sznabel
- Department of Experimental Otology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
- Cluster of Excellence "Hearing4all", Hannover, Germany.
| | - Rüdiger Land
- Department of Experimental Otology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Bruno Kopp
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Andrej Kral
- Department of Experimental Otology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence "Hearing4all", Hannover, Germany
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Warren CV, Kroll CF, Kopp B. Dopaminergic and norepinephrinergic modulation of endogenous event-related potentials: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 151:105221. [PMID: 37150485 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Event-related potentials (ERPs) represent the cortical processing of sensory, motor or cognitive functions invoked by particular events or stimuli. A current theory posits that the catecholaminergic neurotransmitters dopamine (DA) and norepinephrine (NE) modulate a number of endogenous ERPs during various cognitive processes. This manuscript aims to evaluate a leading neurotransmitter hypothesis with a systematic overview and meta-analysis of pharmacologic DA and NE manipulation of specific ERPs in healthy subjects during executive function. Specifically, the frontally-distributed P3a, N2, and Ne/ERN (or error-related negativity) are supposedly modulated primarily by DA, whereas the parietally-distributed P3b is thought to be modulated by NE. Based on preceding research, we refer to this distinction between frontally-distributed DA-sensitive and parietally-distributed NE-sensitive ERP components as the Extended Neurobiological Polich (ENP) hypothesis. Our systematic review and meta-analysis indicate that this distinction is too simplistic and many factors interact with DA and NE to influence these specific ERPs. These may include genetic factors, the specific cognitive processes engaged, or elements of study design, i.e. session or sequence effects or data-analysis strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire V Warren
- Charlotte Fresenius Hochschule, Alte Rabenstraße 32, 20148 Hamburg, Germany; Professorship for Clinical Psychology, Helmut-Schmidt University/ Bundeswehr University Hamburg, Holstenhofweg 85, 22043 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Charlotte F Kroll
- Department of Psychiatry & Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Minderbroedersberg 4-6. P.O. Box 616, Maastricht, MD, 6200, The Netherlands
| | - Bruno Kopp
- Clinic für Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
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Visalli A, Capizzi M, Ambrosini E, Kopp B, Vallesi A. P3-like signatures of temporal predictions: a computational EEG study. Exp Brain Res 2023:10.1007/s00221-023-06656-z. [PMID: 37354350 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-023-06656-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
Many cognitive processes, ranging from perception to action, depend on the ability to predict the timing of forthcoming events. Yet, how the brain uses predictive models in the temporal domain is still an unsolved question. In previous work, we began to explore the neural correlates of temporal predictions by using a computational approach in which an ideal Bayesian observer learned the temporal probabilities of target onsets in a simple reaction time task. Because the task was specifically designed to disambiguate updating of predictive models and surprise, changes in temporal probabilities were explicitly cued. However, in the real world, we are usually incidentally exposed to changes in the statistics of the environment. Here, we thus aimed to further investigate the electroencephalographic (EEG) correlates of Bayesian belief updating and surprise associated with incidental learning of temporal probabilities. In line with our previous EEG study, results showed distinct P3-like modulations for updating and surprise. While surprise was indexed by an early fronto-central P3-like modulation, updating was associated with a later and more posterior P3 modulation. Moreover, updating was associated with a P2-like potential at centro-parietal electrodes, likely capturing integration processes between prior beliefs and likelihood of the observed event. These findings support previous evidence of trial-by-trial variability of P3 amplitudes as an index of dissociable inferential processes. Coupled with our previous findings, the present study strongly bolsters the view of the P3 as a key brain signature of temporal Bayesian inference. Data and scripts are shared on OSF: osf.io/sdy8j/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Visalli
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, 35121, Padua, Italy.
- Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padua, Italy.
- IRCCS San Camillo Hospital, 30126, Venice, Italy.
| | - M Capizzi
- Brain and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - E Ambrosini
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, 35121, Padua, Italy
- Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - B Kopp
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Antonino Vallesi
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, 35121, Padua, Italy.
- Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padua, Italy.
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Kopp B, Al-Hafez B, Steinke A. Habits, Goals, and Behavioral Signs of Cognitive Perseveration on Wisconsin Card-Sorting Tasks. Brain Sci 2023; 13:919. [PMID: 37371397 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13060919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Wisconsin card-sorting tasks provide unique opportunities to study cognitive flexibility and its limitations, which express themselves behaviorally as perseverative errors (PE). PE refer to those behavioral errors on Wisconsin card-sorting tasks that are committed when cognitive rules are maintained even though recently received outcomes demand to switch to other rules (i.e., cognitive perseveration). We explored error-suppression effects (ESE) across three Wisconsin card-sorting studies. ESE refer to the phenomenon that PE are reduced on repetitive trials compared to non-repetitive trials. We replicated ESE in all three Wisconsin card-sorting studies. Study 1 revealed that non-associative accounts of ESE, in particular the idea that cognitive inhibition may account for them, are not tenable. Study 2 suggested that models of instrumental learning are among the most promising associative accounts of ESE. Instrumental learning comprises goal-directed control and the formation of corresponding associative memories over and above the formation of habitual memories according to dual-process models of instrumental learning. Study 3 showed that cognitive, rather than motor, representations of responses should be conceptualized as elements entering goal-directed instrumental memories. Collectively, the results imply that ESE on Wisconsin card-sorting tasks are not only a highly replicable phenomenon, but they also indicate that ESE provide an opportunity to study cognitive mechanisms of goal-directed instrumental control. Based on the reported data, we present a novel theory of cognitive perseveration (i.e., the 'goal-directed instrumental control' GIC model), which is outlined in the Concluding Discussion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Kopp
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Bilal Al-Hafez
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Alexander Steinke
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
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Passarotto E, Kopp B, Lee A, Altenmüller E. Musical Expertise and Executive Functions in Experienced Musicians. Brain Sci 2023; 13:908. [PMID: 37371386 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13060908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Extensive music practice has been suggested to enhance the development of cognitive abilities over and above musical expertise. Executive functions (EFs) have been particularly investigated, given their generalizability across different domains and their crucial role in almost all aspects of cognition. However, the relationship between musical expertise and EFs is still not completely understood, as several studies have reported conflicting results. The present study aims to investigate the relationship between musical expertise and EFs, determining which facets-if any-of EFs might be particularly relevant to extensive music practice. Thirty-five student pianists completed a set of neuropsychological tasks which assessed EFs (the Trail Making Task, Design Fluency, Numerical Stroop, and the Tower of London). They also performed a short musical excerpt inspired by the piano literature. Musical expertise was assessed by considering three parameters, namely the highest academic degree in music, the lifetime amount of music practice, and the quality of the sample-based musical performance. The results indicate that postgraduate piano students did not show advantages in EFs compared to undergraduate piano students. More extensive lifetime practice in music was solely associated with faster visual reaction times on the Numerical Stroop task. The Trail Making and Design Fluency scores were significant predictors of the quality of the sample-based musical performance. In conclusion, the present data suggests that EFs and the amount of music practice do not seem to be correlated in student pianists. Nevertheless, some facets of EFs and the quality of musical performance may share substantial amounts of variance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Passarotto
- Institute of Music Physiology and Musicians' Medicine, University of Music, Drama and Media Hannover, 30175 Hanover, Germany
| | - Bruno Kopp
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - André Lee
- Institute of Music Physiology and Musicians' Medicine, University of Music, Drama and Media Hannover, 30175 Hanover, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich; 80333 Munich, Germany
| | - Eckart Altenmüller
- Institute of Music Physiology and Musicians' Medicine, University of Music, Drama and Media Hannover, 30175 Hanover, Germany
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Hümmert MW, Stern C, Paul F, Duchow A, Bellmann-Strobl J, Ayzenberg I, Schwake C, Kleiter I, Hellwig K, Jarius S, Wildemann B, Senel M, Berthele A, Giglhuber K, Luessi F, Grothe M, Klotz L, Schülke R, Gingele S, Faiss JH, Walter A, Warnke C, Then Bergh F, Aktas O, Ringelstein M, Stellmann JP, Häußler V, Havla J, Pellkofer H, Kümpfel T, Kopp B, Trebst C. Cognition in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders: A prospective multicentre study of 217 patients (CogniNMO-Study). Mult Scler 2023:13524585231151212. [PMID: 36786424 DOI: 10.1177/13524585231151212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is limited and inconsistent information on the prevalence of cognitive impairment in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD). OBJECTIVE To assess cognitive performance and changes over time in NMOSD. METHODS This study included data from 217 aquaporin-4-IgG-seropositive (80%) and double-seronegative NMOSD patients. Cognitive functions measured by Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT), Paced Auditory Serial-Addition Task (PASAT), and/or Multiple Sclerosis Inventory Cognition (MuSIC) were standardized against normative data (N = 157). Intraindividual cognitive performance at 1- and 2-year follow-up was analyzed. Cognitive test scores were correlated with demographic and clinical variables and assessed with a multiple linear regression model. RESULTS NMOSD patients were impaired in SDMT (p = 0.007), MuSIC semantic fluency (p < 0.001), and MuSIC congruent speed (p < 0.001). No significant cognitive deterioration was found at follow-up. SDMT scores were related to motor and visual disability (pBon < 0.05). No differences were found between aquaporin-4-IgG-seropositive and double-seronegative NMOSD. CONCLUSIONS A subset of NMOSD patients shows impairment in visual processing speed and in semantic fluency regardless of serostatus, without noticeable changes during a 2-year observation period. Neuropsychological measurements should be adapted to physical and visual disabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin W Hümmert
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Carlotta Stern
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Friedemann Paul
- NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany/Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany/ Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ankelien Duchow
- NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany/Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Judith Bellmann-Strobl
- NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany/Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ilya Ayzenberg
- Department of Neurology, St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Carolin Schwake
- Department of Neurology, St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Ingo Kleiter
- Department of Neurology, St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany/Marianne-Strauß-Klinik, Behandlungszentrum Kempfenhausen für Multiple Sklerose Kranke, Berg, Germany
| | - Kerstin Hellwig
- Department of Neurology, St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Sven Jarius
- Molecular Neuroimmunology Group, Department of Neurology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Brigitte Wildemann
- Molecular Neuroimmunology Group, Department of Neurology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Makbule Senel
- Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Achim Berthele
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Technical University Munich, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Katrin Giglhuber
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Technical University Munich, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Felix Luessi
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Matthias Grothe
- Department of Neurology, University Medicine of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Luisa Klotz
- Department of Neurology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Rasmus Schülke
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Stefan Gingele
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jürgen H Faiss
- Department of Neurology, Asklepios Expert Clinic Teupitz, Teupitz, Germany
| | - Annette Walter
- Department of Neurology, Herford Hospital, Herford, Germany
| | - Clemens Warnke
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Orhan Aktas
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marius Ringelstein
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany/Department of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jan-Patrick Stellmann
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (INIMS), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany/Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, CRMBM, UMR 7339, Marseille, France/APHM, Hopital de la Timone, CEMEREM, Marseille, France
| | - Vivien Häußler
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (INIMS), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Joachim Havla
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany/Data Integration for Future Medicine Consortium, LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Hannah Pellkofer
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Tania Kümpfel
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Bruno Kopp
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Corinna Trebst
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, Hannover 30625, Germany
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Faber D, Grosse GM, Klietz M, Petri S, Schwenkenbecher P, Sühs KW, Kopp B. Towards the Validation of Executive Functioning Assessments: A Clinical Study. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11237138. [PMID: 36498712 PMCID: PMC9735570 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11237138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropsychological assessment needs a more profound grounding in psychometric theory. Specifically, psychometrically reliable and valid tools are required, both in patient care and in scientific research. The present study examined convergent and discriminant validity of some of the most popular indicators of executive functioning (EF). A sample of 96 neurological inpatients (aged 18-68 years) completed a battery of standardized cognitive tests (Raven's matrices, vocabulary test, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, verbal fluency test, figural fluency test). Convergent validity of indicators of intelligence (Raven's matrices, vocabulary test) and of indicators of EF (Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, verbal fluency test, figural fluency) were calculated. Discriminant validity of indicators of EF against indicators of intelligence was also calculated. Convergent validity of indicators of intelligence (Raven's matrices, vocabulary test) was good (rxtyt = 0.727; R2 = 0.53). Convergent validity of fluency indicators of EF against executive cognition as indicated by performance on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test was poor (0.087 ≤ rxtyt ≤ 0.304; 0.008 ≤ R2 ≤ 0.092). Discriminant validity of indicators of EF against indicators of intelligence was good (0.106 ≤ rxtyt ≤ 0.548; 0.011 ≤ R2 ≤ 0.300). Our conclusions from these data are clear-cut: apparently dissimilar indicators of intelligence converge on general intellectual ability. Apparently dissimilar indicators of EF (mental fluency, executive cognition) do not converge on general executive ability. Executive abilities, although non-unitary, can be reasonably well distinguished from intellectual ability. The present data contribute to the hitherto meager evidence base regarding the validity of popular indicators of EF.
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Mein S, Tessonnier T, Kopp B, Debus J, Haberer T, Abdollahi A, Mairani A. Next Evolutions in Particle Therapy: Spot-Scanning Hadron Arc (SHArc) Therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.07.315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Tessonnier T, Mein S, Besuglow J, Kopp B, Ecker S, Naumann J, Ellerbrock M, Held T, Haberer T, Debus J, Mairani A. Next Evolutions in Particle Therapy: Helium Ion Treatment Planning, Delivery and Clinical Implications of Biological Modeling. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.07.1414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Woodley F, Gecili E, Szczesniak R, Shrestha C, Nemastil C, Kopp B, Hayes D. 167: Sweat metabolomics profiling of cystic fibrosis pulmonary exacerbations. J Cyst Fibros 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(21)01592-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Ross S, Kopp B, Siracusa C, Chmiel J, Sanders D. 538: Noninvasive measurement of inflammation using nasal filter paper. J Cyst Fibros 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(21)01961-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Schierholz I, Schönermark C, Ruigendijk E, Kral A, Kopp B, Büchner A. An event-related brain potential study of auditory attention in cochlear implant users. Clin Neurophysiol 2021; 132:2290-2305. [PMID: 34120838 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2021.03.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cochlear implants (CIs) provide access to the auditory world for deaf individuals. We investigated whether CIs enforce attentional alterations of auditory cortical processing in post-lingually deafened CI users compared to normal-hearing (NH) controls. METHODS Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded in 40 post-lingually deafened CI users and in a group of 40 NH controls using an auditory three-stimulus oddball task, which included frequent standard tones (Standards) and infrequent deviant tones (Targets), as well as infrequently occurring unique sounds (Novels). Participants were exposed twice to the three-stimulus oddball task, once under the instruction to ignore the stimuli (ignore condition), and once under the instruction to respond to infrequently occurring deviant tones (attend condition). RESULTS The allocation of attention to auditory oddball stimuli exerted stronger effects on N1 amplitudes at posterior electrodes in response to Standards and to Targets in CI users than in NH controls. Other ERP amplitudes showed similar attentional modulations in both groups (P2 in response to Standards, N2 in response to Targets and Novels, P3 in response to Targets). We also observed a statistical trend for an attenuated attentional modulation of Novelty P3 amplitudes in CI users compared to NH controls. CONCLUSIONS ERP correlates of enhanced CI-mediated auditory attention are confined to the latency range of the auditory N1, suggesting that enhanced attentional modulation during auditory stimulus discrimination occurs primarily in associative auditory cortices of CI users. SIGNIFICANCE The present ERP data support the hypothesis of attentional alterations of auditory cortical processing in CI users. These findings may be of clinical relevance for the CI rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Schierholz
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Cluster of Excellence "Hearing4all", Germany; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
| | | | - Esther Ruigendijk
- Cluster of Excellence "Hearing4all", Germany; Department for Dutch Studies, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Andrej Kral
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Cluster of Excellence "Hearing4all", Germany; Department of Experimental Otology, Institute for AudioNeuroTechnology (VIANNA), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Bruno Kopp
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Andreas Büchner
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Cluster of Excellence "Hearing4all", Germany
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Visalli A, Capizzi M, Ambrosini E, Kopp B, Vallesi A. Electroencephalographic correlates of temporal Bayesian belief updating and surprise. Neuroimage 2021; 231:117867. [PMID: 33592246 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.117867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The brain predicts the timing of forthcoming events to optimize responses to them. Temporal predictions have been formalized in terms of the hazard function, which integrates prior beliefs on the likely timing of stimulus occurrence with information conveyed by the passage of time. However, how the human brain updates prior temporal beliefs is still elusive. Here we investigated electroencephalographic (EEG) signatures associated with Bayes-optimal updating of temporal beliefs. Given that updating usually occurs in response to surprising events, we sought to disentangle EEG correlates of updating from those associated with surprise. Twenty-six participants performed a temporal foreperiod task, which comprised a subset of surprising events not eliciting updating. EEG data were analyzed through a regression-based massive approach in the electrode and source space. Distinct late positive, centro-parietally distributed, event-related potentials (ERPs) were associated with surprise and belief updating in the electrode space. While surprise modulated the commonly observed P3b, updating was associated with a later and more sustained P3b-like waveform deflection. Results from source analyses revealed that neural encoding of surprise comprises neural activity in the cingulo-opercular network (CON) and parietal regions. These data provide evidence that temporal predictions are computed in a Bayesian manner, and that this is reflected in P3 modulations, akin to other cognitive domains. Overall, our study revealed that analyzing P3 modulations provides an important window into the Bayesian brain. Data and scripts are shared on OSF: https://osf.io/ckqa5/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Visalli
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | | | - Ettore Ambrosini
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; Department of Neuroscience & Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Bruno Kopp
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Antonino Vallesi
- Department of Neuroscience & Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; Brain Imaging and Neural Dynamics Research Group, IRCCS San Camillo Hospital, 30126 Venice, Italy.
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Dressler D, Kopp B, Adib Saberi F. Botulinum toxin dosing in arm muscles: contextual factors. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2021; 128:315-319. [PMID: 33515332 PMCID: PMC7969489 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-021-02307-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Botulinum toxin (BT) has been successfully used for many years to treat various muscle hyperactivity disorders including dystonia and spasticity. Its dosing is guided by dosing tables describing target muscles and dose ranges. To refine the BT dosing, we wanted to analyse how contextual factors may influence the injector's final dosing decision. In a retrospective review of real-life data of 1170 BT treatments, we studied the influence of various contextual factors on the BT doses in 21 arm muscles of 252 patients receiving BT therapy for different muscle hyperactivity disorders. We found that BT arm doses are significantly higher in treatment of spasticity than in treatment of dystonia. We also found that spontaneous arm dystonia requires higher BT doses in a proximal application pattern, whereas task specific writer's cramp requires considerably reduced BT doses with a distal application pattern. Injections of non-arm muscles influence the BT dosing in arm muscles only marginally. Our study demonstrates that BT dosing does not only depend on the particularities of the individual target muscle injected, such as its volume and its static or phasic function. BT dosing and its application pattern rather depend on additional contextual factors such as the aetiology and pathophysiology of the muscle hyperactivity treated. These contextual factors need to be included in dosing tables and may improve the outcome of BT therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Dressler
- Movement Disorders Section, Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Bruno Kopp
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Fereshte Adib Saberi
- Movement Disorders Section, Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
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Abstract
The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) represents the gold standard for the neuropsychological assessment of executive function. However, very little is known about its reliability. In the current study, 146 neurological inpatients received the Modified WCST (M-WCST). Four basic measures (number of correct sorts, categories, perseverative errors, set-loss errors) and their composites were evaluated for split-half reliability. The reliability estimates of the number of correct sorts, categories, and perseverative errors fell into the desirable range (rel ≥ .90). The study therefore disclosed sufficiently reliable M-WCST measures, fostering the application of this eminent psychological test to neuropsychological assessment. Our data also revealed that the M-WCST possesses substantially better psychometric properties than would be expected from previous studies of WCST test-retest reliabilities obtained from non-patient samples. Our study of split-half reliabilities from discretionary construed and from randomly built M-WCST splits exemplifies a novel approach to the psychometric foundation of neuropsychology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Kopp
- Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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Kopp B, Mein S, Tessonnier T, Besuglow J, Harrabi S, Heim E, Abdollahi A, Haberer T, Debus J, Mairani A. Rapid effective dose calculation for raster-scanning 4He ion therapy with the modified microdosimetric kinetic model (mMKM). Phys Med 2020; 81:273-284. [PMID: 33353795 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2020.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop and verify effective dose (DRBE) calculation in 4He ion beam therapy based on the modified microdosimetric kinetic model (mMKM) and evaluate the bio-sensitivity of mMKM-based plans to clinical parameters using a fast analytical dose engine. METHODS Mixed radiation field particle spectra (MRFS) databases have been generated with Monte-Carlo (MC) simulations for 4He-ion beams. Relative biological effectiveness (RBE) and DRBE calculation using MRFS were established within a fast analytical engine. Spread-out Bragg-Peaks (SOBPs) in water were optimized for two dose levels and two tissue types with photon linear-quadratic model parameters αph, βph, and (α/β)ph to verify MRFS-derived database implementation against computations with MC-generated mixed-field α and β databases. Bio-sensitivity of the SOBPs was investigated by varying absolute values of βph, while keeping (α/β)ph constant. Additionally, dose, dose-averaged linear energy transfer, and bio-sensitivity were investigated for two patient cases. RESULTS Using MRFS-derived databases, dose differences ≲2% in the plateau and SOBP are observed compared to computations with MC-generated databases. Bio-sensitivity studies show larger deviations when altering the absolute βph value, with maximum D50% changes of ~5%, with similar results for patient cases. Bio-sensitivity analysis indicates a greater impact on DRBE varying (α/β)ph than βph in mMKM. CONCLUSIONS The MRSF approach yielded negligible differences in the target and small differences in the plateau compared to MC-generated databases. The presented analyses provide guidance for proper implementation of RBE-weighted 4He ion dose prescription and planning with mMKM. The MRFS-DRBE calculation approach using mMKM will be implemented in a clinical treatment planning system.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Kopp
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Translational Radiation Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Division of Molecular and Translational Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg Faculty of Medicine (MFHD) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Core-Center Heidelberg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Clinical Cooperation Unit Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Oncology (NCRO), Heidelberg University and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Physics and Astronomy, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - S Mein
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Translational Radiation Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Division of Molecular and Translational Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg Faculty of Medicine (MFHD) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Core-Center Heidelberg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Clinical Cooperation Unit Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Oncology (NCRO), Heidelberg University and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - T Tessonnier
- Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - J Besuglow
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Translational Radiation Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Division of Molecular and Translational Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg Faculty of Medicine (MFHD) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Core-Center Heidelberg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Clinical Cooperation Unit Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Oncology (NCRO), Heidelberg University and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Physics and Astronomy, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - S Harrabi
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Core-Center Heidelberg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Clinical Cooperation Unit Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Oncology (NCRO), Heidelberg University and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), Heidelberg, Germany; National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - E Heim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A Abdollahi
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Translational Radiation Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Division of Molecular and Translational Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg Faculty of Medicine (MFHD) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Core-Center Heidelberg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Clinical Cooperation Unit Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Oncology (NCRO), Heidelberg University and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - T Haberer
- Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - J Debus
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Core-Center Heidelberg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Clinical Cooperation Unit Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Oncology (NCRO), Heidelberg University and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Physics and Astronomy, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), Heidelberg, Germany; National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A Mairani
- Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; National Centre of Oncological Hadrontherapy (CNAO), Medical Physics, Pavia, Italy.
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Osmanovic A, Wieselmann G, Mix L, Siegler HA, Kumpe M, Ranxha G, Wurster CD, Steinke A, Ludolph AC, Kopp B, Lulé D, Petri S, Schreiber-Katz O. Cognitive Performance of Patients with Adult 5q-Spinal Muscular Atrophy and with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Brain Sci 2020; 11:brainsci11010008. [PMID: 33374658 PMCID: PMC7822456 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Motor neuron diseases, such as spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), share several clinical similarities while differing substantially in etiology, disease onset and progression. Cognitive dysfunction, a clinically relevant non-motor feature in a substantial proportion of ALS patients, has been less frequently investigated in SMA. In this prospective multicenter cross-sectional study, cognitive function was assessed by the Edinburgh Cognitive (and Behavioural) ALS Screen (ECAS) and a German vocabulary test (Wortschatztest, WST) in 34 adult patients with SMA types 2-4 and in 34 patients with ALS. Demographic and clinical parameters were assessed to identify factors that potentially influence cognitive function. While SMA and ALS patients were comparable in the vocabulary test, on average, SMA patients performed better than ALS patients in the cognitive domains of memory, language and executive function. Better cognitive abilities in SMA patients seemed to be related to the early onset, rather than the extent or the duration, of their physical handicap. Future studies should focus on disease-specific cognitive functions in SMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alma Osmanovic
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (A.O.); (G.W.); (H.A.S.); (M.K.); (G.R.); (A.S.); (B.K.); (S.P.)
| | - Gary Wieselmann
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (A.O.); (G.W.); (H.A.S.); (M.K.); (G.R.); (A.S.); (B.K.); (S.P.)
| | - Lucas Mix
- Department of Neurology, Neuropsychology, University of Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (L.M.); (A.C.L.); (D.L.)
| | - Hannah Alexandra Siegler
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (A.O.); (G.W.); (H.A.S.); (M.K.); (G.R.); (A.S.); (B.K.); (S.P.)
| | - Mareike Kumpe
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (A.O.); (G.W.); (H.A.S.); (M.K.); (G.R.); (A.S.); (B.K.); (S.P.)
| | - Gresa Ranxha
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (A.O.); (G.W.); (H.A.S.); (M.K.); (G.R.); (A.S.); (B.K.); (S.P.)
| | | | - Alexander Steinke
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (A.O.); (G.W.); (H.A.S.); (M.K.); (G.R.); (A.S.); (B.K.); (S.P.)
| | - Albert C. Ludolph
- Department of Neurology, Neuropsychology, University of Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (L.M.); (A.C.L.); (D.L.)
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Bruno Kopp
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (A.O.); (G.W.); (H.A.S.); (M.K.); (G.R.); (A.S.); (B.K.); (S.P.)
| | - Dorothée Lulé
- Department of Neurology, Neuropsychology, University of Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (L.M.); (A.C.L.); (D.L.)
| | - Susanne Petri
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (A.O.); (G.W.); (H.A.S.); (M.K.); (G.R.); (A.S.); (B.K.); (S.P.)
| | - Olivia Schreiber-Katz
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (A.O.); (G.W.); (H.A.S.); (M.K.); (G.R.); (A.S.); (B.K.); (S.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-511-532-2392; Fax: +49-511-532-3115
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Abstract
Cognitive inflexibility is a well-documented, yet non-specific corollary of many neurological diseases. Computational modeling of covert cognitive processes supporting cognitive flexibility may provide progress toward nosologically specific aspects of cognitive inflexibility. We review computational models of the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), which represents a gold standard for the clinical assessment of cognitive flexibility. A parallel reinforcement-learning (RL) model provides the best conceptualization of individual trial-by-trial WCST responses among all models considered. Clinical applications of the parallel RL model suggest that patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) share a non-specific covert cognitive symptom: bradyphrenia. Impaired stimulus-response learning appears to occur specifically in patients with PD, whereas haphazard responding seems to occur specifically in patients with ALS. Computational modeling hence possesses the potential to reveal nosologically specific profiles of covert cognitive symptoms, which remain undetectable by traditionally applied behavioral methods. The present review exemplifies how computational neuropsychology may advance the assessment of cognitive flexibility. We discuss implications for neuropsychological assessment and directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Steinke
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany;
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23
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Dokic I, Klein C, Moustafa M, Meister S, Mein S, Kopp B, Tessonnier T, Hasheminasab S, Wei Q, Schlegel J, Nowrouzi A, Schwager C, Mairani A, Zimmermann A, Zenke F, Blaukat A, Debus J, Abdollahi A. Efficient Eradication of NSCLC by Combined DNAPK Inhibition and Carbon Ion Radiotherapy via Modulation of Tumor Invasion and Microenvironment - Beyond Direct Radiosensitization. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.1704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Kopp B, Mein S, Dokic I, Harrabi S, Böhlen T, Haberer T, Debus J, Abdollahi A, Mairani A. Development and Verification of Multi-Ion Particle Treatments. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Bertram M, Warren CV, Lange F, Seer C, Steinke A, Wegner F, Schrader C, Dressler D, Dengler R, Kopp B. Dopaminergic modulation of novelty repetition in Parkinson's disease: A study of P3 event-related brain potentials. Clin Neurophysiol 2020; 131:2841-2850. [PMID: 33137574 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2020.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease caused by the loss of dopaminergic neurons. Cognitive impairments have been reported using the event-related potential (ERP) technique. Patients show reduced novelty P3 (nP3) amplitudes in oddball experiments, a response to infrequent, surprising stimuli, linked to the orienting response of the brain. The nP3 is thought to depend on dopaminergic neuronal pathways though the effect of dopaminergic medication in PD has not yet been investigated. METHODS Twenty-two patients with PD were examined "on" and "off" their regular dopaminergic medication in a novelty 3-stimulus-oddball task. Thirty-four healthy controls were also examined over two sessions, but received no medication. P3 amplitudes were compared throughout experimental conditions. RESULTS All participants showed sizeable novelty difference ERP effects, i.e. ndP3 amplitudes, during both testing sessions. An interaction of diagnosis, medication and testing order was also found, indicating that dopaminergic medication modulated ndP3 in patients with PD across the two testing sessions: We observed enhanced ndP3 amplitudes from PD patients who were off medication on the second testing session. CONCLUSION Patients with PD 'off' medication showed ERP evidence for repetition-related enhancement of novelty responses. Dopamine depletion in neuronal pathways that are affected by mid-stage PD possibly accounts for this modulation of novelty processing. SIGNIFICANCE The data in this study potentially suggest that repetition effects on novelty processing in patients with PD are enhanced by dopaminergic depletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malte Bertram
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Claire V Warren
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Florian Lange
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Behavioural Engineering Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Caroline Seer
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; LBI - KU Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Florian Wegner
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Dirk Dressler
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Reinhard Dengler
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Bruno Kopp
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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Abstract
The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) is considered a gold standard for the assessment of cognitive flexibility. On the WCST, repeating a sorting category following negative feedback is typically treated as indicating reduced cognitive flexibility. Therefore such responses are referred to as 'perseveration' errors. Recent research suggests that the propensity for perseveration errors is modulated by response demands: They occur less frequently when their commitment repeats the previously executed response. Here, we propose parallel reinforcement-learning models of card sorting performance, which assume that card sorting performance can be conceptualized as resulting from model-free reinforcement learning at the level of responses that occurs in parallel with model-based reinforcement learning at the categorical level. We compared parallel reinforcement-learning models with purely model-based reinforcement learning, and with the state-of-the-art attentional-updating model. We analyzed data from 375 participants who completed a computerized WCST. Parallel reinforcement-learning models showed best predictive accuracies for the majority of participants. Only parallel reinforcement-learning models accounted for the modulation of perseveration propensity by response demands. In conclusion, parallel reinforcement-learning models provide a new theoretical perspective on card sorting and it offers a suitable framework for discerning individual differences in latent processes that subserve behavioral flexibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Steinke
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Florian Lange
- Behavioral Engineering Research Group, KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 69, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bruno Kopp
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
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Steinke A, Lange F, Seer C, Petri S, Kopp B. A Computational Study of Executive Dysfunction in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. J Clin Med 2020; 9:E2605. [PMID: 32796719 PMCID: PMC7463664 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9082605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Executive dysfunction is a well-documented, yet nonspecific corollary of various neurological diseases and psychiatric disorders. Here, we applied computational modeling of latent cognition for executive control in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients. We utilized a parallel reinforcement learning model of trial-by-trial Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) behavior. Eighteen ALS patients and 21 matched healthy control participants were assessed on a computerized variant of the WCST (cWCST). ALS patients showed latent cognitive symptoms, which can be characterized as bradyphrenia and haphazard responding. A comparison with results from a recent computational Parkinson's disease (PD) study (Steinke et al., 2020, J Clin Med) suggests that bradyphrenia represents a disease-nonspecific latent cognitive symptom of ALS and PD patients alike. Haphazard responding seems to be a disease-specific latent cognitive symptom of ALS, whereas impaired stimulus-response learning seems to be a disease-specific latent cognitive symptom of PD. These data were obtained from the careful modeling of trial-by-trial behavior on the cWCST, and they suggest that computational cognitive neuropsychology provides nosologically specific indicators of latent facets of executive dysfunction in ALS (and PD) patients, which remain undiscoverable for traditional behavioral cognitive neuropsychology. We discuss implications for neuropsychological assessment, and we discuss opportunities for confirmatory computational brain imaging studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Steinke
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (F.L.); (C.S.); (S.P.); (B.K.)
| | - Florian Lange
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (F.L.); (C.S.); (S.P.); (B.K.)
- Behavioral Engineering Research Group, KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 69, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Caroline Seer
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (F.L.); (C.S.); (S.P.); (B.K.)
- Movement Control & Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Tervuursevest 101, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- LBI-KU Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Susanne Petri
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (F.L.); (C.S.); (S.P.); (B.K.)
| | - Bruno Kopp
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (F.L.); (C.S.); (S.P.); (B.K.)
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Seeliger T, Jacobsen L, Hendel M, Bönig L, Kristian Prenzler NK, Thiele T, Ernst D, Witte T, Stangel M, Kopp B, Skripuletz T. Cognitive impairment in patients with Neuro-Sjögren. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2020; 7:1352-1359. [PMID: 32628345 PMCID: PMC7448149 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Extraglandular neurological manifestations of Sjögren's syndrome are increasingly recognized, defining the disease entity of Neuro-Sjögren. Neuropsychological assessment of patients with Sjögren's syndrome has hitherto been performed on predominantly rheumatological cohorts. These studies revealed a wide variety of prevalence rates for cognitive impairment (22-80%), while variable cut-off criteria for detection of cognitive impairment were applied. Attentional functions have not yet been thoroughly investigated in these patients, although they clearly represent relevant aspects of cognitive functioning in daily life. METHODS We therefore conducted extensive neuropsychological assessment based on two neuropsychological test batteries [i.e., the extended German version of the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease Neuropsychological Assessment Battery (CERAD-PLUS), and the test battery for attentional performance (TAP) as a well-established assessment of attentional functions in the German-speaking part of Europe]. RESULTS Sixty-four patients with Neuro-Sjögren, who were treated at our university hospital between December 2016 and January 2019, were included. Evidence for the presence of cognitive impairment was found in 55% of patients with Neuro-Sjögren. The degree of cognitive impairment ranged from mild (38%) to severe (17%). Attentional and mnemonic subtests showed pronounced cognitive impairment in patients with Neuro-Sjögren. INTERPRETATION Our results suggest that a substantial proportion of patients with Neuro-Sjögren suffer from cognitive impairment, putatively as a corollary of attentional deficits, which might exert adverse effects on occupational abilities, other cognitive functions, and social role functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tabea Seeliger
- Department of NeurologyHanover Medical SchoolHanoverGermany
| | - Lena Jacobsen
- Department of NeurologyHanover Medical SchoolHanoverGermany
| | - Merle Hendel
- Department of NeurologyHanover Medical SchoolHanoverGermany
| | - Lena Bönig
- Department of NeurologyHanover Medical SchoolHanoverGermany
| | | | - Thea Thiele
- Department of Clinical Immunology and RheumatologyHanover Medical SchoolHanoverGermany
| | - Diana Ernst
- Department of Clinical Immunology and RheumatologyHanover Medical SchoolHanoverGermany
| | - Torsten Witte
- Department of Clinical Immunology and RheumatologyHanover Medical SchoolHanoverGermany
| | - Martin Stangel
- Department of NeurologyHanover Medical SchoolHanoverGermany
| | - Bruno Kopp
- Department of NeurologyHanover Medical SchoolHanoverGermany
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Abstract
Task switching is often considered for evaluating limitations of cognitive flexibility. Switch costs are behavioural indices of limited cognitive flexibility, and switch costs may be decomposable into stimulus- and response-related fractions, as conjectured by the domain hypothesis of cognitive flexibility. According to the domain hypothesis, there exist separable stimulus- and response-related neural networks for cognitive flexibility, which should be discernible as distinct event-related potentials (ERPs). The present card-matching study allowed isolating stimulus- and response-related switch costs, while measuring ERPs evoked by task cues and target stimuli with a focus on the target-locked N2/P3 complex. Behavioural data revealed that both stimulus-task and response-task bindings contribute to switch costs. Cue-locked ERPs yielded larger anterior negativity/posterior positivity in response to switch cues compared to repeat cues. Target-locked ERPs revealed separable ERP correlates of stimulus- and response-related switch costs. P3 waveforms with fronto-central scalp distributions emerged as a corollary of stimulus-related switch costs. Fronto-centrally distributed N2 waveforms occurred when stimulus-task and response-task bindings contributed jointly to switch costs. The reported N2/P3 ERP data are commensurate with the domain hypothesis according to which there exist separable stimulus- and response-related neural networks for cognitive flexibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Kopp
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Alexander Steinke
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Antonino Visalli
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
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Steinke A, Lange F, Seer C, Hendel MK, Kopp B. Computational Modeling for Neuropsychological Assessment of Bradyphrenia in Parkinson's Disease. J Clin Med 2020; 9:E1158. [PMID: 32325662 PMCID: PMC7230210 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9041158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The neural mechanisms of cognitive dysfunctions in neurological diseases remain poorly understood. Here, we conjecture that this unsatisfying state-of-the-art is in part due to the non-specificity of the typical behavioral indicators for cognitive dysfunctions. Our study addresses the topic by advancing the assessment of cognitive dysfunctions through computational modeling. We investigate bradyphrenia in Parkinson's disease (PD) as an exemplary case of cognitive dysfunctions in neurological diseases. Our computational model conceptualizes trial-by-trial behavioral data as resulting from parallel cognitive and sensorimotor reinforcement learning. We assessed PD patients 'on' and 'off' their dopaminergic medication and matched healthy control (HC) participants on a computerized version of the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test. PD patients showed increased retention of learned cognitive information and decreased retention of learned sensorimotor information from previous trials in comparison to HC participants. Systemic dopamine replacement therapy did not remedy these cognitive dysfunctions in PD patients but incurred non-desirable side effects such as decreasing cognitive learning from positive feedback. Our results reveal novel insights into facets of bradyphrenia that are indiscernible by observable behavioral indicators of cognitive dysfunctions. We discuss how computational modeling may contribute to the advancement of future research on brain-behavior relationships and neuropsychological assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Steinke
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Florian Lange
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Behavioral Engineering Research Group, KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 69, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Caroline Seer
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Movement Control & Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Tervuursevest 101, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- LBI - KU Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Merle K. Hendel
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Bruno Kopp
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
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Warren C, Maraver MJ, de Luca A, Kopp B. P83 The Effect of transcutaneous auricular Vagal Nerve Stimulation (taVNS) on Event-Related Potentials during the Fish-Lake Task. Clin Neurophysiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2019.12.194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Grosse GM, Bauer C, Kopp B, Schrader C, Osmanovic A. Identification of a rare SEPT9 variant in a family with autosomal dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. BMC Med Genet 2020; 21:45. [PMID: 32122354 PMCID: PMC7050135 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-020-0984-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) is one of the most commonly inherited neurological disorders. A growing number of genes, involved in glial and neuronal functions, have been associated with different subtypes of CMT leading to improved diagnostics and understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms. However, some patients and families remain genetically unsolved. Methods We report on a German family including four affected members over three generations with a CMT phenotype accompanied by cognitive deficits, predominantly with regard to visual abilities and episodic memory. Results A comprehensive clinical characterization followed by a sequential diagnostic approach disclosed a heterozygous rare SEPT9 missense variant c.1406 T > C, p.(Val469Ala), that segregates with disease. SEPT9 has been linked to various intracellular functions, such as cytokinesis and membrane trafficking. Interestingly, SEPT9-mutations are known to cause hereditary neuralgic amyotrophy (HNA), a recurrent focal peripheral neuropathy. Conclusion We, for the first time, present a SEPT9 variant associated to a CMT phenotype and suggest SEPT9 as new sufficient candidate gene in CMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerrit M Grosse
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Christine Bauer
- Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics (CeGaT GmbH), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Bruno Kopp
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christoph Schrader
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Alma Osmanovic
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
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Magallanes L, Meyer S, Gianoli C, Kopp B, Voss B, Jakel O, Brons S, Gordon J, Parodi K. Upgrading an Integrating Carbon-Ion Transmission Imaging System With Active Scanning Beam Delivery Toward Low Dose Ion Imaging. IEEE Trans Radiat Plasma Med Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1109/trpms.2019.2948584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Pekrul M, Seer C, Lange F, Dressler D, Kopp B. Flanker Task Performance in Isolated Dystonia (Blepharospasm): A Focus on Sequential Effects. Brain Sci 2020; 10:brainsci10020076. [PMID: 32024200 PMCID: PMC7071414 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci10020076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Isolated dystonia manifests with involuntary muscle hyperactivity, but the extent of cognitive impairment remains controversial. We examined the executive functions in blepharospasm while accounting for motor symptom-related distractions as a factor often limiting the interpretability of neuropsychological studies in dystonia. Our control group comprised of patients with hemifacial spasm, which is a condition producing similar motor symptoms without any central nervous system pathology. Nineteen patients with blepharospasm and 22 patients with hemifacial spasm completed a flanker task. Stimulus congruency on the current trial, on the preceding trial, and a response sequence served as independent variables. We analyzed the response time and accuracy. Gross overall group differences were not discernible. While congruency, congruency sequence, and response sequence exerted the expected effects, no group differences emerged with regard to these variables. A difference between patients with blepharospasm and those with hemifacial spasm consisted in longer reaction times when responses had to be repeated following stimulus incongruency on the preceding trial. We conclude that patients with blepharospasm seem to have difficulties in repeating their responses when incongruency on preceding trials interferes with habit formation or other forms of fast routes to action. Our specific finding may provide an opportunity to study altered basal ganglia plasticity in focal dystonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Pekrul
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (C.S.); (F.L.); (D.D.); (B.K.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Caroline Seer
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (C.S.); (F.L.); (D.D.); (B.K.)
- Movement Control & Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Tervuursevest 101, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- LBI—KU Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Florian Lange
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (C.S.); (F.L.); (D.D.); (B.K.)
- Behavioral Engineering Research Group, KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 69, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dirk Dressler
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (C.S.); (F.L.); (D.D.); (B.K.)
- Movement Disorders Section, Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Bruno Kopp
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (C.S.); (F.L.); (D.D.); (B.K.)
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35
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Drexel SC, Klietz M, Kollewe K, Paracka L, Kutschenko A, Kopp B, Lange F, Wegner F, Dressler D. Caregiver burden and health-related quality of life in idiopathic dystonia patients under botulinum toxin treatment: a cross-sectional study. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2019; 127:61-70. [PMID: 31802240 PMCID: PMC6942568 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-019-02109-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Dystonia is a chronic movement disorder that is associated with a reduction in health-related quality of life (HR-QoL) and restriction of activities of daily living. Botulinum neurotoxin (BT) improves disease-specific HR-QoL by reducing abnormal movements, postures, and pain. We examined the burden of the corresponding primary caregiver as a potential important factor for disease management and HR-QoL of dystonia patients under treatment with BT. 114 patients with focal, segmental, or generalized dystonia were recruited, together with 93 corresponding caregivers, whose burden was investigated using the Caregiver Burden Inventory. In addition, all participants were assessed for cognitive impairment, depression, anxiety, alexithymia, and HR-QoL. Only a small proportion of caregivers suffered from caregiver burden. Despite BT therapy, patients’ HR-QoL was decreased compared to the age-matched general German population. Psychological symptoms, notably anxiety, and depression correlated significantly with reduced HR-QoL. Our data imply that caregiver burden emerged to be an issue in subgroups of dystonia patients. Furthermore, HR-QoL of dystonia patients is reduced even under optimized BT treatment in a specialized center.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Drexel
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - M Klietz
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | - K Kollewe
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - L Paracka
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - A Kutschenko
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - B Kopp
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - F Lange
- Behavioral Engineering Research Group, KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 69, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - F Wegner
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - D Dressler
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
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Kopp B, Maldonado N, Scheffels JF, Hendel M, Lange F. A Meta-Analysis of Relationships between Measures of Wisconsin Card Sorting and Intelligence. Brain Sci 2019; 9:E349. [PMID: 31795503 PMCID: PMC6956132 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci9120349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) represents a widely utilized neuropsychological assessment technique for executive function. This meta-analysis examined the discriminant validity of the WCST for the assessment of mental shifting, considered as an essential subcomponent of executive functioning, against traditional psychometric intelligence tests. A systematic search was conducted, resulting in 72 neuropsychological samples for the meta-analysis of relationships between WCST scores and a variety of intelligence quotient (IQ) domains. The study revealed low to medium-sized correlations with IQ domains across all WCST scores that could be investigated. Verbal/crystallized IQ and performance/fluid IQ were indistinguishably associated with WCST scores. To conclude, the WCST assesses cognitive functions that might be partially separable from common conceptualizations of intelligence. More vigorous initiatives to validate putative indicators of executive function against intelligence are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Kopp
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (N.M.); (J.F.S.); (M.H.); (F.L.)
| | - Natasha Maldonado
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (N.M.); (J.F.S.); (M.H.); (F.L.)
| | - Jannik F. Scheffels
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (N.M.); (J.F.S.); (M.H.); (F.L.)
| | - Merle Hendel
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (N.M.); (J.F.S.); (M.H.); (F.L.)
| | - Florian Lange
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (N.M.); (J.F.S.); (M.H.); (F.L.)
- Behavioral Engineering Research Group, KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 69, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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Kopp B, Khoury L, Audebert M. Validation of the γH2AX biomarker for genotoxicity assessment: a review. Arch Toxicol 2019; 93:2103-2114. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-019-02511-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Kopp B, Steinke A, Bertram M, Skripuletz T, Lange F. Multiple Levels of Control Processes for Wisconsin Card Sorts: An Observational Study. Brain Sci 2019; 9:brainsci9060141. [PMID: 31213007 PMCID: PMC6627185 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci9060141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We explored short-term behavioral plasticity on the Modified Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (M-WCST) by deriving novel error metrics by stratifying traditional set loss and perseverative errors. Separating the rule set and the response set allowed for the measurement of performance across four trial types, crossing rule set (i.e., maintain vs. switch) and response demand (i.e., repeat vs. alternate). Critically, these four trial types can be grouped based on trial-wise feedback on t − 1 trials. Rewarded (correct) maintain t − 1 trials should lead to error enhancement when the response demands shift from repeat to alternate. In contrast, punished (incorrect) t − 1 trials should lead to error suppression when the response demands shift from repeat to alternate. The results supported the error suppression prediction: An error suppression effect (ESE) was observed across numerous patient samples. Exploratory analyses show that the ESE did not share substantial portions of variance with traditional neuropsychological measures of executive functioning. They further point into the direction that striatal or limbic circuit neuropathology may be associated with enhanced ESE. These data suggest that punishment of the recently executed response induces behavioral avoidance, which is detectable as the ESE on the WCST. The assessment of the ESE might provide an index of response-related avoidance learning on the WCST.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Kopp
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Alexander Steinke
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Malte Bertram
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Thomas Skripuletz
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Florian Lange
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
- Behavioral Engineering Research Group, KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 69, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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Devereux G, Bourke S, Daines C, Doe S, Dougherty R, Franco R, Innes A, Kopp B, Lascano J, Layish D, McGregor G, Murray L, Peckham D, Smith T, Lucidi V, Volpi S, Lovie E, Robertson J, Fraser-Pitt D, O'Neil D. WS12-6 Evaluating appropriate PROMs in CARE-CF-1 trial: Lynovex® (cysteamine) an oral adjunct to SOC interventions in cystic fibrosis infectious exacebations. J Cyst Fibros 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(19)30191-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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40
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Drexel S, Klietz M, Kollewe K, Paracka L, Kutschenko A, Schulte-Sutum A, Kopp B, Lange F, Wegner F, Dressler D. Dystonia treated with botulinum toxin: Quality of life and caregiver burden. Toxicon 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2018.11.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Kopp B, Steinke A, Meiran N, Seer C, Lange F. Stimulus- and response-based interference contributes to the costs of switching between cognitive tasks. Psychol Res 2018; 84:1112-1125. [PMID: 30361810 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-018-1113-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Little is known about how stimulus- and response-based interference might interact to contribute to the costs of switching between cognitive tasks. We analyzed switch costs in a novel cued task-switching/card-matching paradigm in a large study (N = 95). We reasoned that interference from previously active task sets may be contingent upon the retrieval of these task sets via stimulus processing, or alternatively, via response processing. We examined the efficacy of these two factors through eligibility manipulations. That is, stimulus/response features that were capable of retrieving task sets from the previous trial remained eligible (or not) on the current trial. We report three main findings: first, no switch costs were found when neither stimulus features, nor response features, were adequate for the retrieval of the previously executed task sets. Second, we found substantial switch costs when, on switch trials, stimulus features kept the previously executed task eligible, and we found roughly equivalent switch costs when the previously executed response remained eligible. Third, evidence for stimulus-induced switch costs was exclusively observed when previously executed responses remained ineligible. These data indicate that stimulus-based interference, and of importance, response-based interference, contribute comparably to switch costs. Possible interpretations of non-additive switch costs are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Kopp
- Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Alexander Steinke
- Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Nachshon Meiran
- Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O.B. 653, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Caroline Seer
- Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.,Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, KU Leuven, Tervuursevest 101, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Florian Lange
- Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.,Behavioral Engineering Research Group, KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 69, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
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Lange F, Brückner C, Knebel A, Seer C, Kopp B. Executive dysfunction in Parkinson’s disease: A meta-analysis on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test literature. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2018; 93:38-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Lange F, Kip A, Klein T, Müller D, Seer C, Kopp B. Effects of rule uncertainty on cognitive flexibility in a card-sorting paradigm. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2018; 190:53-64. [PMID: 30015136 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive flexibility has been studied in two separate research traditions. Neuropsychologists typically rely on rather complex assessment tools such as the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). In contrast, task-switching paradigms are used in experimental psychology to obtain more specific measures of cognitive flexibility. We aim to contribute to the integration of these research traditions by examining the role of the key factor that differs between the WCST and experimental task-switching paradigms: rule uncertainty. In two experimental studies, we manipulated the degree of rule uncertainty after rule switches in a computerized version of the WCST. Across a variety of task parameters, reducing rule uncertainty consistently impaired the speed and accuracy of responses when the rule designated to be more likely turned out to be incorrect. Other performance measures such as the number of perseverative errors were not significantly affected by rule uncertainty. We conclude that a fine-grained analysis of WCST performance can dissociate behavioural indicators that are affected vs. unaffected by rule uncertainty. By this means, it is possible to integrate WCST results and findings obtained from task-switching paradigms that do not involve rule uncertainty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Lange
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Behavioral Engineering Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Ahlke Kip
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Department of Psychology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Tabea Klein
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Department of Psychology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Dorothea Müller
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Department of Psychology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Caroline Seer
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Movement Control & Neuroplasticity Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bruno Kopp
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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Kopp B, Vignard J, Mirey G, Fessard V, Zalko D, Le Hgarat L, Audebert M. Genotoxicity and mutagenicity assessment of food contaminant mixtures present in the French diet. Environ Mol Mutagen 2018; 59:742-754. [PMID: 30230031 DOI: 10.1002/em.22214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Through diet, people are exposed simultaneously to a variety of contaminants (e.g. heavy metals, mycotoxins, pesticides) that could have combined adverse effects on human health. A previous study identified six main mixtures of food contaminants to which French adult consumers are exposed. These complex mixtures are comprised of 11 to 19 chemicals that have numerous toxic properties. In the present study, we investigated the genotoxic effects of these food contaminants, as single molecules and in mixtures that reflect their occurrence in the French diet, using the γH2AX assay in two human cell lines (HepG2, LS-174 T). Results of detailed analysis of the 49 individual contaminants (including 21 tested in this study) demonstrated a positive genotoxic response to 14 contaminants in HepG2 and 12 in LS-174 T cells. Next, our results indicated that two mixtures out of six triggered significant γH2AX induction after 24 hr of treatment, at concentrations for which individual compounds did not induce any DNA damage, suggesting more than additive interactions between chemicals. γH2AX positive mixtures were then tested for mutagenicity with the innovative in vitro PIG-A assay in HepG2 cells coupled with the soft agar colony formation assay. The two γH2AX positive mixtures led to a significant increase in the frequency of PIG-A GPI-deficient cells and in the number of colonies formed in soft agar. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that two mixtures of contaminants present in the French diet induce genotoxicity and mutagenicity, and that the combined effects of single molecules present in these mixtures are likely not additive, highlighting potential problems for hazard assessment of mixtures. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 59:742-754, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Kopp
- Toxalim, Université de Toulouse, INRA, INP-ENVT, INP-EI-Purpan, Université de Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
- ANSES (French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety), Toxicology of Contaminants Unit, Fougères, France
| | - J Vignard
- Toxalim, Université de Toulouse, INRA, INP-ENVT, INP-EI-Purpan, Université de Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - G Mirey
- Toxalim, Université de Toulouse, INRA, INP-ENVT, INP-EI-Purpan, Université de Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - V Fessard
- ANSES (French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety), Toxicology of Contaminants Unit, Fougères, France
| | - D Zalko
- Toxalim, Université de Toulouse, INRA, INP-ENVT, INP-EI-Purpan, Université de Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - L Le Hgarat
- ANSES (French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety), Toxicology of Contaminants Unit, Fougères, France
| | - M Audebert
- Toxalim, Université de Toulouse, INRA, INP-ENVT, INP-EI-Purpan, Université de Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
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Kopp B, Mein S, Choi K, Haberer T, Debus J, Alber M, Mairani A. EP-1850: Fast robustness analysis in particle therapy with FROG. Radiother Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(18)32159-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Mein S, Tessonnier T, Kopp B, Choi K, Haberer T, Debus J, Abdollahi A, Mairani A. EP-1838: FROG: a novel GPU-based approach to the pencil beam algorithm for particle therapy. Radiother Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(18)32147-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Kopp B, Zalko D, Audebert M. Genotoxicity of 11 heavy metals detected as food contaminants in two human cell lines. Environ Mol Mutagen 2018; 59:202-210. [PMID: 29150881 DOI: 10.1002/em.22157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals, such as arsenic (As), antimony (Sb), barium (Ba), cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), germanium (Ge), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), tellurium (Te), and vanadium (V) are widely distributed in the environment and in the food chain. Human exposure to heavy metals through water and food has been reported by different international agencies. Although some of these heavy metals are essential elements for human growth and development, they may also be toxic at low concentrations due to indirect mechanisms. In this study, the genotoxic and cytotoxic properties of 15 different oxidation statuses of 11 different heavy metals were investigated using high-throughput screening (γH2AX assay) in two human cell lines (HepG2 and LS-174T) representative of target organs (liver and colon) for food contaminants. Base on their lowest observed adverse effect concentration, the genotoxic potency of each heavy metal in each cell line was ranked in decreasing order, NaAsO2 > CdCl2 > PbCl2 (only in LS-174T cells) > As2 O5 > SbCl3 > K2 TeO3 > As2 O3 . No significant genotoxicity was observed with the other heavy metals tested. Cell viability data indicate that several heavy metals (As, Cd, Co, Ni, Sb, and Te) induce cytotoxicity at high concentrations, whereas an increase in the number of cells was observed for lead concentrations >100 µM in both cell lines tested, suggesting that lead stimulates cell growth. All these results highlight the possible human health hazards associated with the presence of heavy metals present in food. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 59:202-210, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Kopp
- Toxalim, Université de Toulouse, INRA, INP-ENVT, INP-EI-Purpan, Université de Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
- Toxicology of Contaminants Unit, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety, Fougères, France
| | - D Zalko
- Toxalim, Université de Toulouse, INRA, INP-ENVT, INP-EI-Purpan, Université de Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - M Audebert
- Toxalim, Université de Toulouse, INRA, INP-ENVT, INP-EI-Purpan, Université de Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
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Tessonnier T, Mein S, Kopp B, Choi K, Haberer T, Debus J, Abdollahi A, Mairani A. EP-1851: Evaluation of lateral density heterogeneity handling in a novel GPU-based pencil beam algorithm. Radiother Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(18)32160-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Kolossa A, Kopp B. Data quality over data quantity in computational cognitive neuroscience. Neuroimage 2018; 172:775-785. [PMID: 29329978 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We analyzed factors that may hamper the advancement of computational cognitive neuroscience (CCN). These factors include a particular statistical mindset, which paves the way for the dominance of statistical power theory and a preoccupation with statistical replicability in the behavioral and neural sciences. Exclusive statistical concerns about sampling error occur at the cost of an inadequate representation of the problem of measurement error. We contrasted the manipulation of data quantity (sampling error, by varying the number of subjects) against the manipulation of data quality (measurement error, by varying the number of data per subject) in a simulated Bayesian model identifiability study. The results were clear-cut in showing that - across all levels of signal-to-noise ratios - varying the number of subjects was completely inconsequential, whereas the number of data per subject exerted massive effects on model identifiability. These results emphasize data quality over data quantity, and they call for the integration of statistics and measurement theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Kolossa
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Bruno Kopp
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
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Bönitz H, Kopp B, Büchner A, Lunner T, Lyxell B, Finke M. Event-related neuronal responses to acoustic novelty in single-sided deaf cochlear implant users: Initial findings. Clin Neurophysiol 2018; 129:133-142. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2017.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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