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Duarte AC, Fernandes BM, Bernardes M, Tenazinha C, Martins P, Mazeda C, Mendes B, Guimarães F, Gago L, Correia AM, Valido A, Silva L, Brites L, Meirinhos T, Araújo F, Nero P, Cruz M, Teixeira L, Santos MJ. Lung disease in rheumatoid arthritis: Results from a national cohort. Pulmonology 2024; 30:87-89. [PMID: 37394340 DOI: 10.1016/j.pulmoe.2023.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A C Duarte
- Serviço de Reumatologia, Hospital Garcia de Orta, Avenida Torrado da Silva, 2805-267 Almada, Portugal.
| | - B M Fernandes
- Serviço de Reumatologia, Centro Hospitalar Universitário São João, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - M Bernardes
- Serviço de Reumatologia, Centro Hospitalar Universitário São João, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; Departamento de Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - C Tenazinha
- Serviço de Reumatologia e Doenças Ósseas Metabólicas, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Avenida Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-035 Lisboa, Portugal; Unidade de Investigação em Reumatologia, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - P Martins
- Serviço de Reumatologia e Doenças Ósseas Metabólicas, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Avenida Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-035 Lisboa, Portugal; Unidade de Investigação em Reumatologia, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - C Mazeda
- Serviço de Reumatologia, Centro Hospitalar do Baixo Vouga, Avenida Artur Ravara, 3814-501 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - B Mendes
- Serviço de Reumatologia, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Praceta Prof. Mota Pinto, 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - F Guimarães
- Serviço de Reumatologia, Unidade Local de Saúde do Alto Minho, Rua Conde de Bertiandos, 4990-041 Ponte de Lima, Portugal
| | - L Gago
- Serviço de Reumatologia, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental, Hospital Egas Moniz, Rua da Junqueira 126, 1349-019 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - A M Correia
- Serviço de Reumatologia, Hospital de Braga, Sete Fontes - São Victor, 4710-243 Braga, Portugal
| | - A Valido
- Serviço de Reumatologia, Unidade Local de Saúde do Litoral Alentejano, Monte do Gilbardinho, 7540-230 Santiago do Cacém, Portugal
| | - L Silva
- Serviço de Reumatologia, Centro Hospitalar de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Avenida Noruega/Lordelo, 5000-508 Vila Rela, Portugal
| | - L Brites
- Serviço de Reumatologia, Centro Hospitalar de Leiria, Rua de Santo André, 2410-197 Leiria, Portugal
| | - T Meirinhos
- Serviço de Reumatologia, Centro Hospitalar do Tâmega e Sousa, Av. do Hospital Padre Américo 210, 4564-007 Guilhufe, Portugal
| | - F Araújo
- Serviço de Reumatologia, Hospital Ortopédico de Sant`Ana, Rua de Benguela 2779-501 Parede, Portugal
| | - P Nero
- Serviço de Reumatologia, Hospital CUF Descobertas, Rua Mário Botas, 1998-018 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M Cruz
- Serviço de Reumatologia, Centro Hospitalar de S. Francisco, Rua Fonte Cabeço d'El Rei 15, Leiria, Portugal
| | - L Teixeira
- Serviço de Reumatologia, Hospital Central do Funchal, Avenida Luís de Camões, nº 57 9004-514 Funchal, Portugal
| | - M J Santos
- Serviço de Reumatologia, Hospital Garcia de Orta, Avenida Torrado da Silva, 2805-267 Almada, Portugal; Unidade de Investigação em Reumatologia, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
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INÁCIO A, Domingues P, Piedade A, Furtado T, Mendes B, Valério P, Farinha A, Cunha L, Soto K. WCN23-1174 HISTOPATHOLOGICAL PREDICTORS OF RENAL OUTCOMES IN ANCA-ASSOCIATED VASCULITIDES. Kidney Int Rep 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2023.02.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
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Mendes B, Kassumeh S, Aguirre-Soto A, Pei Q, Heyne B, Kochevar IE. Influence of Rose Bengal Dimerization on Photosensitization. Photochem Photobiol 2021; 97:718-726. [PMID: 33426677 DOI: 10.1111/php.13379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Protein crosslinking photosensitized by rose Bengal (RB2- ) has multiple medical applications and understanding the photosensitization mechanism can improve treatment effectiveness. To this end, we investigated the photochemical efficiencies of monomeric RB2- (RBM 2- ) and dimeric RB2- (RBD 2- ) and the optimal pH for anaerobic RB2- photosensitization in cornea. Absorption spectra and dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements were used to estimate the fractions of RBM 2- and RBD 2- . RB2- self-photosensitized bleaching was used to evaluate the photoactivity of RBM 2- and RBD 2- . The pH dependence of anaerobic RB2- photosensitization was evaluated in ex vivo rabbit corneas. The 549 nm/515 nm absorption ratio indicated that concentrations > 0.10 mm RB contained RBD 2- . Results from DLS gave estimated mean diameters for RBM 2- and RBD 2- of 0.70 ± 0.02 nm and 1.75 ± 0.13 nm, respectively, and indicated that 1 mm RB2- contained equal fractions of RBM 2- and RBD 2- . Quantum yields for RB2- bleaching were not influenced by RBD 2- in RB2- solutions although accounting for RB2- concentration effects on the reaction kinetics demonstrated that RBD 2- is not a photosensitizer. Optimal anaerobic photosensitization occurred at pH 8.5 for solutions containing 200 mm Arg. These results suggest potential approaches to optimizing RBM 2- -photosensitized protein crosslinking in tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan Mendes
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stefan Kassumeh
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alan Aguirre-Soto
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterey, Nuevo León, México
| | - Qing Pei
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Belinda Heyne
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Irene E Kochevar
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Wertheimer CM, Mendes B, Pei Q, Brandt K, Kochevar IE. Arginine as an Enhancer in Rose Bengal Photosensitized Corneal Crosslinking. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2020; 9:24. [PMID: 32855871 PMCID: PMC7422776 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.9.8.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Oxygen-independent cornea crosslinking (CXL) using rose bengal (RB) and green light may have unique clinical applications. These studies were designed to gain insight into the arginine (arg)-enhanced anaerobic crosslinking process, to maximize crosslinking efficiency, and to test a clinically feasible method for oxygen-free CXL. Methods Rabbit corneas were treated ex vivo using 1 mM RB and 532 nm light. RB photodecomposition, monitored by absorption spectrophotometry, was used to optimize arg concentration and to develop an irradiation and re-dying protocol. The minimal effective green light fluence was identified by linear tensile strength measurements. RB penetration into the stroma was determined by fluorescence microscopy. To favor the anaerobic pathway, a contact lens was used to minimize stromal oxygen level during irradiation. Stromal cell toxicity was evaluated by a terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay. Results RB photodecomposition reached 75% of its maximal effect at 200 mM arg and the optimal fluence increment was 32.7 J/cm2. The minimal effective fluence for cornea stiffening was 65.4 J/cm2. Placement of a contact lens promoted oxygen-independent cornea stiffening, similar to that obtained on isolated, oxygen-deprived cornea. RB penetration into the stroma with arg present was limited to ∼120 µm, about 25% deeper than without arg. Stromal cell toxicity was limited to the depth of RB and arg penetration. Conclusions An oxygen-independent pathway in cornea for RB-CXL was characterized and optimized, including a possible clinical protocol for its use. Translational Relevance Oxygen-independent RB-CXL is an efficient and effective process that can be developed further for unique clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian M Wertheimer
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Ophthalmology, Munich, Bayern, Germany
| | - Bryan Mendes
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Qing Pei
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Katharina Brandt
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Irene E Kochevar
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Wertheimer CM, Elhardt C, Kaminsky SM, Pham L, Pei Q, Mendes B, Afshar S, Kochevar IE. Enhancing Rose Bengal-Photosensitized Protein Crosslinking in the Cornea. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 60:1845-1852. [DOI: 10.1167/iovs.19-26604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian M. Wertheimer
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Carolin Elhardt
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Steffen M. Kaminsky
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Linh Pham
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Qing Pei
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Bryan Mendes
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Sepideh Afshar
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Irene E. Kochevar
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
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Neto T, Freitas S, Andrade R, Gomes J, Mendes B, Mendes T, Nordez A, Oliveira R. Sciatic nerve stiffness is not changed immediately after a slump neurodynamics technique. Muscles Ligaments Tendons J 2019. [DOI: 10.32098/mltj.03.2017.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Neto
- Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Lunex University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Differdange, Luxembourg
| | - S.R. Freitas
- Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Benfica LAB, Sport Lisboa e Benfica, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - R.J. Andrade
- Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- University of Nantes, Laboratory “Movement, Interactions, Performance” (EA 4334), Faculty of Sport Sciences, Nantes, France
| | - J. Gomes
- Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - B. Mendes
- Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Benfica LAB, Sport Lisboa e Benfica, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - T. Mendes
- Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Benfica LAB, Sport Lisboa e Benfica, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - A. Nordez
- University of Nantes, Laboratory “Movement, Interactions, Performance” (EA 4334), Faculty of Sport Sciences, Nantes, France
| | - R. Oliveira
- Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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Freitas SR, Mendes B, Le Sant G, Andrade RJ, Nordez A, Milanovic Z. Can chronic stretching change the muscle-tendon mechanical properties? A review. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2017; 28:794-806. [PMID: 28801950 DOI: 10.1111/sms.12957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
It is recognized that stretching is an effective method to chronically increase the joint range of motion. However, the effects of stretching training on the muscle-tendon structural properties remain unclear. This systematic review with meta-analysis aimed to determine whether chronic stretching alter the muscle-tendon structural properties. Published papers regarding longitudinal stretching (static, dynamic and/or PNF) intervention (either randomized or not) in humans of any age and health status, with more than 2 weeks in duration and at least 2 sessions per week, were searched in PubMed, PEDro, ScienceDirect and ResearchGate databases. Structural or mechanical variables from joint (maximal tolerated passive torque or resistance to stretch) or muscle-tendon unit (muscle architecture, stiffness, extensibility, shear modulus, volume, thickness, cross-sectional area, and slack length) were extracted from those papers. A total of 26 studies were selected, with a duration ranging from 3 to 8 weeks, and an average total time under stretching of 1165 seconds per week. Small effects were seen for maximal tolerated passive torque, but trivial effects were seen for joint resistance to stretch, muscle architecture, muscle stiffness, and tendon stiffness. A large heterogeneity was seen for most of the variables. Stretching interventions with 3- to 8-week duration do not seem to change either the muscle or the tendon properties, although it increases the extensibility and tolerance to a greater tensile force. Adaptations to chronic stretching protocols shorter than 8 weeks seem to mostly occur at a sensory level.
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Affiliation(s)
- S R Freitas
- Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Cruz Quebrada-Dafundo, Portugal.,Benfica Lab, Sport Lisboa e Benfica, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - B Mendes
- Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Cruz Quebrada-Dafundo, Portugal.,Benfica Lab, Sport Lisboa e Benfica, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - G Le Sant
- Laboratory "Movement, Interactions, Performance" (EA 4334), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Nantes, Nantes, France.,School of Physiotherapy, IFM3R, Nantes, France
| | - R J Andrade
- Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Cruz Quebrada-Dafundo, Portugal.,Laboratory "Movement, Interactions, Performance" (EA 4334), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - A Nordez
- Laboratory "Movement, Interactions, Performance" (EA 4334), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Z Milanovic
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
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Mendes B, Krage E, Henson J, Mckeith AG. Evaluation of the Reduction of E. Coli in Beef Ribeye Rolls at Temperatures Lower Than 54.4°C. Meat and Muscle Biology 2017. [DOI: 10.22175/rmc2016.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Krage E, Mendes B, Henson J, Mckeith AG. Evaluation of The Reduction of E. Coli in Beef Top Rounds at Temperatures Lower than 54.4°C. Meat and Muscle Biology 2017. [DOI: 10.22175/rmc2016.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Mendes B, Krage E, Henson J, Mckeith AG. Evaluation of the Reduction of Salmonella Surrogate in Beef Strip Loins at Temperatures Lower Than 54.4°C. Meat and Muscle Biology 2017. [DOI: 10.22175/rmc2017.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Pereira J, Pereira M, Sarmento S, Oliveira A, Alves J, Sousa M, Cunha L, Dias A, Mendes B, Cardoso J, Santos L, Gouvêa M, Santos J. Patient surface and isocenter dose in FLUORO-CT. Phys Med 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2016.07.232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Mendes B, Dias F, Oliveira D, Sarmento S. Assessing the feasibility of simulating different tube current limits in noise oriented ATCM systems. Phys Med 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2016.07.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Marques C, Azevedo A, Carvalho I, Mendes B, Ferreira M, Moreira G, Moreira A, Costa P, Sarmento B, Ferreira D. Solid lipid nanoparticles as carriers for camptothecin delivery to brain tumor using an in vitro blood brain barrier model. Toxicity, permeability and inflammatory studies. Toxicol Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.08.632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Serralheiro C, Duflot D, da Silva FF, Hoffmann SV, Jones NC, Mason NJ, Mendes B, Limão-Vieira P. Toluene Valence and Rydberg Excitations as Studied by ab initio Calculations and Vacuum Ultraviolet (VUV) Synchrotron Radiation. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:9059-69. [PMID: 26244250 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b05080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The electronic spectroscopy of isolated toluene in the gas phase has been investigated using high-resolution photoabsorption spectroscopy in the 4.0-10.8 eV energy range, with absolute cross-section measurements derived. We present the first set of ab initio calculations (vertical energies and oscillator strengths), which we use in the assignment of valence and Rydberg transitions of the toluene molecule. The spectrum reveals several new features not previously reported in the literature, with particular relevance to 7.989 and 8.958 eV, which are here tentatively assigned to the π*(17a') ← σ(15a') and 1π*(10a″) ← 1π(14a') transitions, respectively. The measured absolute photoabsorption cross sections have been used to calculate the photolysis lifetime of toluene in the upper stratosphere (20-50 km).
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Affiliation(s)
- C Serralheiro
- Laboratório de Colisões Atómicas e Moleculares, CEFITEC, Departamento de Física, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa , 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.,Centro de Engenharia Mecânica e Sustentabilidade de Recursos (MEtRICs), Departamento de Ciências e Tecnologia da Biomassa, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa , 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - D Duflot
- Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers, Atomes et Molécules (PhLAM), UMR CNRS 8523, Université de Lille , F-59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France
| | - F Ferreira da Silva
- Laboratório de Colisões Atómicas e Moleculares, CEFITEC, Departamento de Física, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa , 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - S V Hoffmann
- ISA, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University , Ny Munkegade 120, DK-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - N C Jones
- ISA, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University , Ny Munkegade 120, DK-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - N J Mason
- Department of Physical Sciences, The Open University , Walton Hall, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, U.K
| | - B Mendes
- Centro de Engenharia Mecânica e Sustentabilidade de Recursos (MEtRICs), Departamento de Ciências e Tecnologia da Biomassa, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa , 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - P Limão-Vieira
- Laboratório de Colisões Atómicas e Moleculares, CEFITEC, Departamento de Física, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa , 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.,Department of Physical Sciences, The Open University , Walton Hall, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, U.K
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Bernardo M, Mendes S, Lapa N, Gonçalves M, Mendes B, Pinto F, Lopes H. Leaching behaviour and ecotoxicity evaluation of chars from the pyrolysis of forestry biomass and polymeric materials. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2014; 107:9-15. [PMID: 24905691 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2013] [Revised: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The main objective of this study was to assess the environmental risk of chars derived from the pyrolysis of mixtures of pine, plastics, and scrap tires, by studying their leaching potential and ecotoxicity. Relationships between chemical composition and ecotoxicity were established to identify contaminants responsible for toxicity. Since metallic contaminants were the focus of the present study, an EDTA washing step was applied to the chars to selectively remove metals that can be responsible for the observed toxicity. The results indicated that the introduction of biomass to the pyrolysis feedstock enhanced the acidity of chars and promote the mobilisation of inorganic compounds. Chars resulting from the pyrolysis of blends of pine and plastics did not produce ecotoxic eluates. A relationship between zinc concentrations in eluates and their ecotoxicity was found for chars obtained from mixtures with tires. A significant reduction in ecotoxicity was found when the chars were treated with EDTA, which was due to a significant reduction in zinc in chars after EDTA washing.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bernardo
- Unidade de Biotecnologia Ambiental, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
| | - S Mendes
- Unidade de Biotecnologia Ambiental, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - N Lapa
- Unidade de Biotecnologia Ambiental, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; Unidade de Tecnologias de Conversão e Armazenamento de Energia, Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia, Ed. J, Estrada do Paço do Lumiar 22, 1649-038 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M Gonçalves
- Unidade de Biotecnologia Ambiental, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - B Mendes
- Unidade de Biotecnologia Ambiental, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - F Pinto
- Unidade de Tecnologias de Conversão e Armazenamento de Energia, Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia, Ed. J, Estrada do Paço do Lumiar 22, 1649-038 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - H Lopes
- Unidade de Tecnologias de Conversão e Armazenamento de Energia, Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia, Ed. J, Estrada do Paço do Lumiar 22, 1649-038 Lisboa, Portugal
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Abstract
Removal batch assays of phosphates from a synthetic wastewater (SWW) and a pulp and paper mill wastewater (PPWW) with two forestry biomass ashes were performed. The supernatants were not only chemically characterized but also the ecotoxicity was determined using two organisms: Vibrio fischeri and Artemia franciscana. The addition of fly ash and bottom ash to the SWW in solid/liquid (S/L) ratios of 3.35 and 9.05 g L(-1), respectively, achieved removal percentages of phosphates >97% for both ashes. The addition of fly ash and bottom ash to the PPWW in S/L ratios of 34.45 and 46.59 g L(-1), respectively, yield removal percentages of phosphates >90% for both ashes. According to the results of the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms, the removal of phosphates from the SWW was mainly explained by surface removal mechanisms, while the removal from the PPWW was partially explained by multi-layer mechanisms. The supernatants resulting from the treatment of SWW and PPWW with both biomass ashes did not present acute ecotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Barbosa
- Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Department of Sciences and Technology of Biomass, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus da Caparica, Edifício Departamental, Piso 3, gab. 364, 2829-516 Monte da Caparica, Portugal E-mail:
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Bernardo M, Lapa N, Gonçalves M, Mendes B, Pinto F, Fonseca I, Lopes H. Physico-chemical properties of chars obtained in the co-pyrolysis of waste mixtures. J Hazard Mater 2012; 219-220:196-202. [PMID: 22520075 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.03.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2011] [Revised: 02/22/2012] [Accepted: 03/29/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The present work aims to perform a multistep upgrading of chars obtained in the co-pyrolysis of PE, PP and PS plastic wastes, pine biomass and used tires. The quality of the upgraded chars was evaluated by measuring some of their physico-chemical properties in order to assess their valorisation as adsorbents' precursors. The crude chars were submitted to a sequential solvent extraction with organic solvents of increasing polarity (hexane, mixture 1:1 v/v hexane:acetone and acetone) followed by an acidic demineralization procedure with 1M HCl solution. The results obtained showed that the upgrading treatment allow the recovery of 63-81% of the pyrolysis oils trapped in the crude chars and a reduction in the char's ash content in the range of 64-86%. The textural and adsorption properties of the upgraded chars were evaluated and the results indicate that the chars are mainly mesoporous and macroporous materials, with adsorption capacities in the range of 3.59-22.2 mg/g for the methylene blue dye. The upgrading treatment allowed to obtain carbonaceous materials with quality to be reused as adsorbents or as precursors for activated carbon.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bernardo
- Unidade de Biotecnologia Ambiental, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal.
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Bernardo M, Gonçalves M, Lapa N, Barbosa R, Mendes B, Pinto F. Characterization of chars produced in the co-pyrolysis of different wastes: decontamination study. J Hazard Mater 2012; 207-208:28-35. [PMID: 21899951 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.07.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2010] [Revised: 06/03/2011] [Accepted: 07/19/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The present work is devoted to the study of the decontamination of chars obtained in the co-pyrolysis of plastics, biomass and tyre wastes. The chars were extracted with several organic solvents of different polarities either individually or in sequence. The ability of each selected extractant to remove toxic pollutants was evaluated by comparing the extraction yields and by characterizing the crude extracts with a combination of chemical analysis and toxicity bioassays. Also, the mineral composition of the treated and non-treated chars was assessed. The results obtained in this study indicate that hexane is the more efficient extraction solvent to be used in the organic decontamination of chars obtained in the co-pyrolysis of plastics, tyres and biomass. A sequential extraction with solvents of increasing polarity can provide a better decontamination of the raw pyrolysis char than any individual extraction. The compounds removed from the char during the decontamination process are mainly aliphatic hydrocarbons and aromatic hydrocarbons, therefore a material that may be upgraded to be used as a fuel and/or as raw material for the organic chemical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bernardo
- Unidade de Biotecnologia Ambiental, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
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Bernardo M, Gonçalves M, Lapa N, Mendes B. Determination of alkylphenols in eluates from pyrolysis solid residues using dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction. Chemosphere 2010; 79:1026-1032. [PMID: 20416925 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.03.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2009] [Revised: 03/30/2010] [Accepted: 03/31/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was applied for the determination of 11 alkylphenols in eluates of chars produced in the co-pyrolysis of different wastes. The optimized DLLME procedure, 4 mL of sample solution, 15 microL of trichloroethylene as extraction solvent, 1 mL of acetone as dispersion solvent and addition of 15% (w/v) of NaCl, was validated. Under the optimum conditions, the enrichment factors were in the range of 82-180. Calibration curves were constructed for each analyte in pure water in the concentration range of 0.5-8 microg/L with correlation coefficients higher than 0.999. The limits of detection were between 0.07 and 0.17 microg/L. The repeatability of the method was evaluated using water samples fortified with the analyte mixture at two concentration levels: the relative standard deviation (RSD) values were between 3.7% and 8.0% for a concentration of 0.5 microg/L, and between 4.2% and 6.4% for a concentration of 3 microg/L. The recoveries of the analytes evaluated by fortification of real eluate samples were in the range of 67.9-97.9% for eluate 1 (obtained from a decontaminated char) and in the range of 61.9-101.4% for eluate 2 (obtained from the untreated char). o-Methylphenol presented low recoveries for both eluates showing a possible matrix effect. The results obtained show that this method is adequate for the determination of alkylphenols in environmental aqueous samples and presents itself as a fast and inexpensive technique, using minor amounts of organic solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bernardo
- Unidade de Biotecnologia Ambiental (UBia), Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal.
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Bernardo M, Lapa N, Gonçalves M, Barbosa R, Mendes B, Pinto F, Gulyurtlu I. Toxicity of char residues produced in the co-pyrolysis of different wastes. Waste Manag 2010; 30:628-635. [PMID: 19932606 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2009.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2009] [Revised: 10/02/2009] [Accepted: 10/21/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Char residues produced in the co-pyrolysis of different wastes (plastics, pine biomass and used tyres) were characterized using chemical and toxicity assays. One part of the solid chars was submitted to extraction with dichloromethane (DCM) in order to reduce the toxicity of the char residues by removing organic contaminants. The different volatility fractions present in the extracted char (Char A) and in the raw char (Char B) were determined by progressive weight loss combustion. A selected group of heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu, Hg and As) was determined in both chars. The chars were subjected to the leaching test ISO/TS 21268 - 2, 2007 and the resulting eluates were further characterized by determining a group of inorganic parameters (pH, conductivity, Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu, Hg and As contents) and the concentrations of several organic contaminants (volatile aromatic hydrocarbons and alkyl phenols). An ecotoxicological characterization was also performed by using the bio-indicator Vibrio fischeri. The chemical and ecotoxicological results were analyzed according to the Council Decision 2003/33/CE and the criteria on the evaluation methods of waste ecotoxicity (CEMWE). The results obtained in this work indicated that the extraction with DCM is an effective method for the removal of organic contaminants of high to medium volatility from pyrolysis solid residues, thus decreasing their toxicity potential. Zn can be leached from the chars even after the DCM extraction treatment and can contribute to the ecotoxicity of the eluates obtained from chars. Both chars (treated and non treated with DCM) were classified as hazardous and ecotoxic wastes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Bernardo
- UBiA, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
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Bernardo MS, Lapa N, Barbosa R, Gonçalves M, Mendes B, Pinto F, Gulyurtlu I. Chemical and ecotoxicological characterization of solid residues produced during the co-pyrolysis of plastics and pine biomass. J Hazard Mater 2009; 166:309-317. [PMID: 19118946 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2008] [Revised: 11/11/2008] [Accepted: 11/11/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A mixture of 70% (w/w) pine biomass and 30% (w/w) plastics (mixture of polypropylene, polyethylene, and polystyrene) was subjected to pyrolysis at 400 degrees C, for 15 min, with an initial pressure of 40 MPa. Part of the solid residue produced was subjected to extraction with dichloromethane (DCM). The extracted residue (residue A) and raw residue (residue B) were analyzed by weight loss combustion and submitted to the leaching test ISO/TS 21268-2 using two different leachants: DCM (0.2%, v/v) and calcium chloride (0.001 mol/L). The concentrations of the heavy metals Cd, Cr, Ni, Zn, Pb and Cu were determined in the eluates and in the two residues. The eluates were further characterized by determining their pH and the concentrations of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes (BTEX). The presence of other organic contaminants in the eluates was qualitatively evaluated by gas chromatography, coupled with mass spectrometry. An ecotoxicological characterization was also performed by using the bio-indicator Vibrio fischeri. The chemical and ecotoxicological results were analyzed according to the French proposal of Criteria on the Evaluation Methods of Waste Ecotoxicity (CEMWE). Residue A was not considered to be ecotoxic by the ecotoxicological criterion (EC(50) (30 min) >or=10%), but it was considered to be ecotoxic by the chemical criterion (Ni>or=0.5mg/L). Residue B was considered to be ecotoxic by the ecotoxicological criterion: EC(50) (30 min)<or=10%. Besides that, residue B was considered to be hazardous according the European legislation (BTEX concentrations higher than 100 ppb). The results indicate that volatile organic contaminants can be present in sufficient amounts in these residues and their eluates to induce ecotoxicity levels. The extraction of the pyrolysis residue with DCM was an efficient method for removing lighter organic contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria S Bernardo
- New University of Lisbon, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Environmental Biotechnology Research Unit, Ed. Departamental, piso 3, Quinta da Torre, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
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Bernardo MS, Gonçalves M, Lapa N, Barbosa R, Mendes B, Pinto F, Gulyurtlu I. Determination of aromatic compounds in eluates of pyrolysis solid residues using HS-GC-MS and DLLME-GC-MS. Talanta 2009; 80:104-8. [PMID: 19782198 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2009.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2008] [Revised: 06/09/2009] [Accepted: 06/12/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A method for the determination of 15 aromatic hydrocarbons in eluates from solid residues produced during the co-pyrolysis of plastics and pine biomass was developed. In a first step, several sampling techniques (headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME), static headspace sampling (HS), and dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) were compared in order to evaluate their sensitivity towards these analytes. HS-SPME and HS sampling had the better performance, but DLLME was itself as a technique able to extract volatiles with a significant enrichment factor. HS sampling coupled with GC-MS was chosen for method validation for the analytes tested. Calibration curves were constructed for each analyte with correlation coefficients higher than 0.999. The limits of detection were in the range of 0.66-37.85 ng/L. The precision of the HS method was evaluated and good repeatability was achieved with relative standard deviations of 4.8-13.2%. The recoveries of the analytes were evaluated by analysing fortified real eluate samples and were in the range of 60.6-113.9%. The validated method was applied in real eluate samples. Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes (BTEX) were the compounds in higher concentrations. The DLLME technique coupled with GC-MS was used to investigate the presence of less volatile contaminants in eluate samples. This analysis revealed the presence of significant amounts of alkyl phenols and other aromatic compounds with appreciable water solubility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria S Bernardo
- Ubia, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
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Kernan WN, Viscoli CM, Demarco D, Mendes B, Shrauger K, Schindler JL, McVeety JC, Sicklick A, Moalli D, Greco P, Bravata DM, Eisen S, Resor L, Sena K, Story D, Brass LM, Furie KL, Gutmann L, Hinnau E, Gorman M, Lovejoy AM, Inzucchi SE, Young LH, Horwitz RI. Boosting enrollment in neurology trials with Local Identification and Outreach Networks (LIONs). Neurology 2009; 72:1345-51. [PMID: 19365056 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e3181a0fda3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our purpose was to develop a geographically localized, multi-institution strategy for improving enrolment in a trial of secondary stroke prevention. METHODS We invited 11 Connecticut hospitals to participate in a project named the Local Identification and Outreach Network (LION). Each hospital provided the names of patients with stroke or TIA, identified from electronic admission or discharge logs, to researchers at a central coordinating center. After obtaining permission from personal physicians, researchers contacted each patient to describe the study, screen for eligibility, and set up a home visit for consent. Researchers traveled throughout the state to enroll and follow participants. Outside the LION, investigators identified trial participants using conventional recruitment strategies. We compared recruitment success for the LION and other sites using data from January 1, 2005, through June 30, 2007. RESULTS The average monthly randomization rate from the LION was 4.0 participants, compared with 0.46 at 104 other Insulin Resistance Intervention after Stroke (IRIS) sites. The LION randomized on average 1.52/1,000 beds/month, compared with 0.76/1,000 beds/month at other IRIS sites (p = 0.03). The average cost to randomize and follow one participant was $8,697 for the LION, compared with $7,198 for other sites. CONCLUSION A geographically based network of institutions, served by a central coordinating center, randomized substantially more patients per month compared with sites outside of the network. The high enrollment rate was a result of surveillance at multiple institutions and greater productivity at each institution. Although the cost per patient was higher for the network, compared with nonnetwork sites, cost savings could result from more rapid completion of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- W N Kernan
- Departments of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA.
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Lapa N, Barbosa R, Lopes MH, Mendes B, Abelha P, Boavida D, Gulyurtlu I, Oliveira JS. Chemical and ecotoxicological characterization of ashes obtained from sewage sludge combustion in a fluidised-bed reactor. J Hazard Mater 2007; 147:175-83. [PMID: 17261348 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.12.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2006] [Revised: 12/22/2006] [Accepted: 12/29/2006] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
In 1999, the DEECA/INETI and the UBiA/FCT/UNL started a researching project on the partition of heavy metals during the combustion of stabilised sewage sludge (Biogran), in a fluidised-bed reactor, and on the quality of the bottom ashes and fly ashes produced. This project was entitled Bimetal and was funded by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology. In this paper only the results on the combustion of Biogran are reported. The combustion process was performed in two different trials, in which different amounts of sewage sludge and time of combustion were applied. Several ash samples were collected from the bed (bottom ashes) and from two cyclones (first cyclone and second cyclone ashes). Sewage sludge, bed material (sand) and ash samples were submitted to the leaching process defined in the European leaching standard EN 12457-2. The eluates were characterized for a set of inorganic chemical species. The ecotoxicological levels of the eluates were determined for two biological indicators (Vibrio fischeri and Daphnia magna). The results were compared with the limit values of the CEMWE French Regulation. The samples were also ranked according to an index based on the chemical characterization of the eluates. It was observed an increase of the concentration of metals along the combustion system. The ashes trapped in the second cyclone, for both combustion trials, showed the highest concentration of metals in the eluates. Chemically, the ashes of the second cyclone were the most different ones. In the ecotoxicological point of view, the ecotoxicity levels of the eluates of the ashes, for both combustion cycles, did not follow the same pattern as observed for the chemical characterization. The ashes of the first cyclone showed the highest ecotoxicity levels for V. fischeri and D. magna. This difference on chemical and ecotoxicological results proves the need for performing both chemical and ecotoxicological characterizations of the sub-products of such type of thermal processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Lapa
- Environmental Biotechnology Researching Unit (UBiA), Faculty of Science and Technology (FCT), New University of Lisbon (UNL), Ed. Departamental, piso 3, gabinete 377, Quinta da Torre, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
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Salvado G, Oliveira A, Duarte G, Mendes B, Ambar A, Dias F. C2. Pneumonia adquirida na comunidade (PAC) – influência da terapêutica com macrólidos ou novas fluoroquinolonas na evolução e duração de internamento. Revista Portuguesa de Pneumologia 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0873-2159(15)30706-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Abstract
In this paper, chemical and ecotoxicological data of leachates from bottom ashes collected in different Municipal Solid Waste Incinerators (MSWI) are shown. The bottom ashes were collected in Belgium (three incinerators--samples B1 to B3), France, Germany, Italy and United Kingdom (one incinerator in each country--samples F1, D1, I1 and UK1, respectively). Both chemical and ecotoxicological characterizations of leachates were done on the framework of the European Directive 91/689/EEC and the European Council Decision 94/904/EC. This work was carried out under the European project called Valomat, which was supported by the European Commission through Brite-Euram III program. Twenty-one inorganic parameters were analyzed. The ecotoxicological assays were done under standard laboratory conditions, using the bacterium Photobacterium phosphoreum, the freshwater alga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, the crustacean Daphnia magna and the vegetable Lactuca sativa. Chemical data varied from sample to sample. Similar results were obtained in biological assays. The samples can be classified as ecotoxic/hazardous according to the French proposal for a Criterion and Evaluation Methods of Waste Ecotoxicity (CEMWE) and the German regulation on Hazardous Waste Classification (HWC). However, samples B1, B2, B3 and D1 comply the maximum limits for direct valorization category defined in the French Classification of Bottom Ashes based on their Polluting Potential (CBAPP). Sample B1 presented the lowest level of ecotoxicity, being considered as the most interesting to be used in the development of new materials for civil engineering works.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Lapa
- New University of Lisbon, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Ed. Departamental, Caparica, Portugal
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Santos AC, Bárbara C, Mendes B, Gomes MJ, Amaral-Marques R. [Pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis]. ACTA MEDICA PORT 1994; 7:103-6. [PMID: 8178689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The authors present a clinical case of Lymphangioleiomyomatosis of the lung. They analyse the clinical, radiological and functional features and comment on the evolution and therapeutic approach of this rare disorder. To the authors, lung involvement as well as therapeutic decision are important features that affect the prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Santos
- Departamento de Pneumologia, Hospital de Pulido Valente, Lisboa
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Carvalheiro MF, Gomes MJ, Santos O, Duarte G, Henriques J, Mendes B, Marques A, Avila R. Symptoms and exposure to endotoxin among brewery employees. Am J Ind Med 1994; 25:113-5. [PMID: 8116633 DOI: 10.1002/ajim.4700250130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M F Carvalheiro
- Hospital de Pulido Valente, New University of Lisbon, Portugal
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