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Boschi A, Ou L, Pasquali M, Giganti M, Rossi Alvarez C, Pupillo G, Skliarova H, Cisternino S, Duatti A, Esposito J, Martini P, Cicoria G, Marengo M, Uccelli L. A remotely controlled module for an in-hospital routine production of Tc-99m by medical cyclotrons. Nucl Med Biol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0969-8051(19)30318-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Anders M, Trezzi D, Menegazzo R, Aliotta M, Bellini A, Bemmerer D, Broggini C, Caciolli A, Corvisiero P, Costantini H, Davinson T, Elekes Z, Erhard M, Formicola A, Fülöp Z, Gervino G, Guglielmetti A, Gustavino C, Gyürky G, Junker M, Lemut A, Marta M, Mazzocchi C, Prati P, Rossi Alvarez C, Scott DA, Somorjai E, Straniero O, Szücs T. First direct measurement of the 2H(α,γ)6Li cross section at big bang energies and the primordial lithium problem. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 113:042501. [PMID: 25105610 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.042501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Recent observations of (6)Li in metal poor stars suggest a large production of this isotope during big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN). In standard BBN calculations, the (2)H(α,γ)(6)Li reaction dominates (6)Li production. This reaction has never been measured inside the BBN energy region because its cross section drops exponentially at low energy and because the electric dipole transition is strongly suppressed for the isoscalar particles (2)H and α at energies below the Coulomb barrier. Indirect measurements using the Coulomb dissociation of (6)Li only give upper limits owing to the dominance of nuclear breakup processes. Here, we report on the results of the first measurement of the (2)H(α,γ)(6)Li cross section at big bang energies. The experiment was performed deep underground at the LUNA 400 kV accelerator in Gran Sasso, Italy. The primordial (6)Li/(7)Li isotopic abundance ratio has been determined to be (1.5 ± 0.3) × 10(-5), from our experimental data and standard BBN theory. The much higher (6)Li/(7)Li values reported for halo stars will likely require a nonstandard physics explanation, as discussed in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Anders
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany and Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstrasse 9, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - D Trezzi
- Università degli Studi di Milano and INFN, Sezione di Milano, Via G. Celoria 16, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - R Menegazzo
- INFN, Sezione di Padova, Via F. Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - M Aliotta
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, EH9 3JZ Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - A Bellini
- Università degli Studi di Genova and INFN, Sezione di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - D Bemmerer
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - C Broggini
- INFN, Sezione di Padova, Via F. Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - A Caciolli
- INFN, Sezione di Padova, Via F. Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - P Corvisiero
- Università degli Studi di Genova and INFN, Sezione di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - H Costantini
- Università degli Studi di Genova and INFN, Sezione di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - T Davinson
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, EH9 3JZ Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Z Elekes
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - M Erhard
- INFN, Sezione di Padova, Via F. Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - A Formicola
- Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS), Via G. Acitelli 22, 67100 Assergi, Italy
| | - Zs Fülöp
- Institute of Nuclear Research (MTA ATOMKI), PO Box 51, HU-4001 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - G Gervino
- Università degli Studi di Torino and INFN, Sezione di Torino, Via P. Giuria 1, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - A Guglielmetti
- Università degli Studi di Milano and INFN, Sezione di Milano, Via G. Celoria 16, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - C Gustavino
- INFN, Sezione di Roma "La Sapienza", Piazzale A. Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Gy Gyürky
- Institute of Nuclear Research (MTA ATOMKI), PO Box 51, HU-4001 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - M Junker
- Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS), Via G. Acitelli 22, 67100 Assergi, Italy
| | - A Lemut
- Università degli Studi di Genova and INFN, Sezione di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - M Marta
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - C Mazzocchi
- Università degli Studi di Milano and INFN, Sezione di Milano, Via G. Celoria 16, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - P Prati
- Università degli Studi di Genova and INFN, Sezione di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - C Rossi Alvarez
- INFN, Sezione di Padova, Via F. Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - D A Scott
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, EH9 3JZ Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - E Somorjai
- Institute of Nuclear Research (MTA ATOMKI), PO Box 51, HU-4001 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - O Straniero
- Osservatorio Astronomico di Collurania, Via M. Maggini, 64100 Teramo, Italy and INFN, Sezione di Napoli, Via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - T Szücs
- Institute of Nuclear Research (MTA ATOMKI), PO Box 51, HU-4001 Debrecen, Hungary
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Depalo R, Caciolli A, Marchi T, Appannababu S, Blasi N, Broggini C, Camera F, Cinausero M, Collanzuol G, Fabris D, Gramegna F, Kravchuk VL, Leone M, Lombardi A, Mastinu P, Menegazzo R, Montagnoli G, Prete G, Rigato V, Rossi Alvarez C, Wieland O. Measurement of the 25Mg( α,n) 28Si reaction cross section at LNL. EPJ Web of Conferences 2014. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20146607002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Xhixha G, Ahmeti A, Bezzon GP, Bitri M, Broggini C, Buso GP, Caciolli A, Callegari I, Cfarku F, Colonna T, Fiorentini G, Guastaldi E, Mantovani F, Massa G, Menegazzo R, Mou L, Prifti D, Rossi Alvarez C, Sadiraj Kuqi D, Shyti M, Tushe L, Xhixha Kaçeli M, Zyfi A. First characterisation of natural radioactivity in building materials manufactured in Albania. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2013; 155:217-223. [PMID: 23315825 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncs334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
This study focuses on the radiological characterisation of building materials manufactured in Albania by using a high-resolution gamma-ray spectrometer. The average activity concentrations of (40)K, (226)Ra and (232)Th were, respectively, 644.1±64.2, 33.4 ± 6.4 and 42.2 ± 7.6 Bq kg(-1) in the clay brick samples and 179.7 ± 48.9, 55.0 ± 5.8 and 17.0 ± 3.3 Bq kg(-1) in the cement samples. The calculated activity concentration index (ACI), varied from 0.48±0.02 to 0.63±0.04 in the clay brick samples and from 0.29±0.03 to 0.37±0.02 in the cement samples. Based on the ACI, all of the clay brick and cement samples were categorised as A1 materials. The authors can exclude (at 3σ level) any restriction of their use as bulk materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Xhixha
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Legnaro National Laboratory, Via dell'Università, 2, Legnaro, Padova 35020, Italy.
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Xhixha G, Bezzon GP, Broggini C, Buso GP, Caciolli A, Callegari I, De Bianchi S, Fiorentini G, Guastaldi E, Kaçeli Xhixha M, Mantovani F, Massa G, Menegazzo R, Mou L, Pasquini A, Alvarez CR, Shyti M. The worldwide NORM production and a fully automated gamma-ray spectrometer for their characterization. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-012-1791-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Caciolli A, Baldoncini M, Bezzon GP, Broggini C, Buso GP, Callegari I, Colonna T, Fiorentini G, Guastaldi E, Mantovani F, Massa G, Menegazzo R, Mou L, Alvarez CR, Shyti M, Zanon A, Xhixha G. A new FSA approach for in situ γ ray spectroscopy. Sci Total Environ 2012; 414:639-645. [PMID: 22137648 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.10.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2011] [Revised: 10/27/2011] [Accepted: 10/31/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
An increasing demand of environmental radioactivity monitoring comes both from the scientific community and from the society. This requires accurate, reliable and fast response preferably from portable radiation detectors. Thanks to recent improvements in the technology, γ spectroscopy with sodium iodide scintillators has been proved to be an excellent tool for in-situ measurements for the identification and quantitative determination of γ ray emitting radioisotopes, reducing time and costs. Both for geological and civil purposes not only (40)K, (238)U, and (232)Th have to be measured, but there is also a growing interest to determine the abundances of anthropic elements, like (137)Cs and (131)I, which are used to monitor the effect of nuclear accidents or other human activities. The Full Spectrum Analysis (FSA) approach has been chosen to analyze the γ spectra. The Non Negative Least Square (NNLS) and the energy calibration adjustment have been implemented in this method for the first time in order to correct the intrinsic problem related with the χ(2) minimization which could lead to artifacts and non physical results in the analysis. A new calibration procedure has been developed for the FSA method by using in situ γ spectra instead of calibration pad spectra. Finally, the new method has been validated by acquiring γ spectra with a 10.16 cm × 10.16 cm sodium iodide detector in 80 different sites in the Ombrone basin, in Tuscany. The results from the FSA method have been compared with the laboratory measurements by using HPGe detectors on soil samples collected particular, the (137)Cs isotopes has been implemented in the analysis since it has been found not negligible during the in-situ measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Caciolli
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Padova Section, Via Marzolo 8-35131 Padova, Italy.
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Prati P, Bemmerer D, Bonetti R, Broggini C, Corvisiero P, Confortola F, Conti E, Costantini H, Elekes Z, Formicola A, Fülöp Z, Gervino G, Guglielmetti A, Gyürky G, Gustavino C, Imbriani G, Junker M, Lemut A, Limata B, Marta M, Mazzocchi C, Menegazzo R, Roca V, Rolfs C, Alvarez CR, Somorjai E, Straniero O, Strieder F, Terrasi F, Trautvetter HP, Demetriou P, Julin R, Harissopulos SV. Nuclear Astrophysics At LUNA: Status And Perspectives. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2939316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Bemmerer D, Confortola F, Costantini H, Formicola A, Gyürky G, Bonetti R, Broggini C, Corvisiero P, Elekes Z, Fülöp Z, Gervino G, Guglielmetti A, Gustavino C, Imbriani G, Junker M, Laubenstein M, Lemut A, Limata B, Lozza V, Marta M, Menegazzo R, Prati P, Roca V, Rolfs C, Alvarez CR, Somorjai E, Straniero O, Strieder F, Terrasi F, Trautvetter HP. Activation measurement of the 3He(alpha,gamma)7Be cross section at low energy. Phys Rev Lett 2006; 97:122502. [PMID: 17025958 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.97.122502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The nuclear physics input from the 3He(alpha,gamma)7Be cross section is a major uncertainty in the fluxes of 7Be and 8B neutrinos from the Sun predicted by solar models and in the 7Li abundance obtained in big-bang nucleosynthesis calculations. The present work reports on a new precision experiment using the activation technique at energies directly relevant to big-bang nucleosynthesis. Previously such low energies had been reached experimentally only by the prompt-gamma technique and with inferior precision. Using a windowless gas target, high beam intensity, and low background gamma-counting facilities, the 3He(alpha,gamma)7Be cross section has been determined at 127, 148, and 169 keV center-of-mass energy with a total uncertainty of 4%. The sources of systematic uncertainty are discussed in detail. The present data can be used in big-bang nucleosynthesis calculations and to constrain the extrapolation of the 3He(alpha,gamma)7Be astrophysical S factor to solar energies.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Bemmerer
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione di Padova, via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
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Schönert S, Abt I, Altmann M, Bakalyarov A, Barabanov I, Bauer C, Bauer M, Bellotti E, Belogurov S, Belyaev S, Bettini A, Bezrukov L, Brudanin V, Büttner C, Bolotsky V, Caldwell A, Cattadori C, Chirchenko M, Chkvorets O, Clement H, Demidova E, Di Vacri A, Eberth J, Egorov V, Farnea E, Gangapshev A, Grigoriev G, Gurentsov V, Gusev K, Hampel W, Heusser G, Hofmann W, Inzhechik L, Jochum J, Junker M, Katulina S, Kiko J, Kirpichnikov I, Klimenko A, Knöpfle K, Kochetov O, Kornoukhov V, Kotthaus R, Kusminov V, Laubenstein M, Lebedev V, Liu X, Moser HG, Nemchenok I, Pandola L, Peiffer P, Richter R, Rottler K, Rossi Alvarez C, Sandukovsky V, Schönert S, Scholl S, Schreiner J, Schwingenheuer B, Simgen H, Smolnikov A, Tikhomirov A, Tomei C, Ur C, Vasenko A, Vasiliev S, Weißhaar D, Wojcik M, Yanovich E, Yurkowski J, Zhukov S, Zuzel G. The GERmanium Detector Array (Gerda) for the search of neutrinoless ββ decays of 76Ge at LNGS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2005.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Lenzi SM, Mărginean N, Napoli DR, Ur CA, Zuker AP, de Angelis G, Algora A, Axiotis M, Bazzacco D, Belcari N, Bentley MA, Bizzeti PG, Bizzeti-Sona A, Brandolini F, von Brentano P, Bucurescu D, Cameron JA, Chandler C, De Poli M, Dewald A, Eberth H, Farnea E, Gadea A, Garces-Narro J, Gelletly W, Grawe H, Isocrate R, Joss DT, Kalfas CA, Klug T, Lampman T, Lunardi S, Martínez T, Martínez-Pinedo G, Menegazzo R, Nyberg J, Podolyak Z, Poves A, Ribas RV, Rossi Alvarez C, Rubio B, Sánchez-Solano J, Spolaore P, Steinhardt T, Thelen O, Tonev D, Vitturi A, von Oertzen W, Weiszflog M. Coulomb energy differences in t = 1 mirror rotational bands in (50)Fe and (50)Cr. Phys Rev Lett 2001; 87:122501. [PMID: 11580500 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.87.122501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Gamma rays from the N = Z-2 nucleus (50)Fe have been observed, establishing the rotational ground state band up to the state J(pi) = 11+ at 6.994 MeV excitation energy. The experimental Coulomb energy differences, obtained by comparison with the isobaric analog states in its mirror (50)Cr, confirm the qualitative interpretation of the backbending patterns in terms of successive alignments of proton and neutron pairs. A quantitative agreement with experiment has been achieved by exact shell model calculations, incorporating the differences in radii along the yrast bands, and properly renormalizing the Coulomb matrix elements in the pf model space.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Lenzi
- Dipartimento di Fisica and INFN, Padua, Italy
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Ordóñez AJ, Carreira JM, Alvarez CR, Rodríguez JM, Alvarez MV, Coto E. Comparison of the risk of pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis in the presence of factor V Leiden or prothrombin G20210A. Thromb Haemost 2000; 83:352-4. [PMID: 10739402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
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Baez MA, Alvarez CR, Weidler DJ. Effects of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, piroxicam or sulindac, on the antihypertensive actions of propranolol and verapamil. J Hypertens Suppl 1987; 5:S563-6. [PMID: 3481821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Twenty-five hypertensive patients participated in a randomized placebo-controlled study. After blood pressures were normalized with propranolol or verapamil alone over a 6-week period, patients were entered into a 4-week double-blind period where they received non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) treatment (sulindac or piroxicam) or placebo treatment in addition to their antihypertensive therapy. There was a significant elevation in standing systolic blood pressure (P less than 0.05) with propranolol and sulindac, when compared with propranolol and placebo, but no significant changes were shown with propranolol and piroxicam. Systolic blood pressures on sulindac treatment were significantly lower (P less than 0.05) in both supine and standing positions during treatment of hypertension with verapamil compared with propranolol. Both supine systolic and diastolic blood pressures on piroxicam treatment were significantly lower (P less than 0.05) during treatment of hypertension with verapamil compared with propranolol. We conclude that NSAID transiently block the antihypertensive effect of propranolol, causing blood pressures to increase and side effects to improve. However, NSAID do not cause loss of antihypertensive control with verapamil.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Baez
- University of Miami, Department of Medicine, FL 33101
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