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Hernandez-Valencia CG, Rodriguez-Martinez G, Carriles-Perez AM, Gonzalez-Perez D, Ortega-Sanchez C, Andonegui-Elguera MA, Zamudio-Cuevas Y, Fernandez-Torres J, Hernandez-Valdepena MA, Gimeno M, Sanchez-Sanchez R. Antiproliferative and Antimigratory Activity of Poly-gallic Acid in Cancer Cell Lines. Anticancer Res 2024; 44:1201-1208. [PMID: 38423672 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.16915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Enzyme-mediated grafting of poly (gallic acid) (PGAL) and L-arginine and a-L-lysine onto PGAL produces reactive oxygen species (ROS)-suppressor multiradical molecules with low cytotoxicity, high thermostability and water solubility with cancer treatment potential. This study examined the anticancer effects of these molecules in hepatic (HepG2, ATCC HB-8065), breast (MCF7, ATCC HTB-22), and prostate (PC-3, ATCC CRL-1435 and DU 145, ATCC HTB-81) cancer cell lines, as well as in fibroblasts from healthy human skin as control cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS PGAL was synthesized by the oxidative polymerization of the naturally abundant GA using laccase from Trametes versicolor. Insertions of amino acids L-arginine and α-L-lysine on the PGAL chain were carried out by microwave. The cells of dermal fibroblast (Fb) were obtained from primary skin cultures and isolated from skin biopsies. The cancer cells lines of hepatic (HepG2), breast (MCF7), and prostate (PC-3, DU 145) were obtained from ATCC. The viability of the cancer cells and the primary culture was obtained by the MTT assay. Proliferation was demonstrated by crystal violet assay. Cell migration was determined by Wound healing assay. Finally, cell cycle analysis was carried out with cells. RESULTS The results show that 200 μg/ml of PGAL cultured in vitro with prostate cancer cells decreased viability, proliferation, and migration, as well as arrested cells in the G1 and S phases of the cell cycle. In contrast, the dermal fibroblasts and the hepatic line remained unaffected. The random grafting of L-Arg and a-L-Lys onto the PGAL chain also decreased the viability of prostate cancer cells. CONCLUSION PGAL and PGAL-grafted amino acids are potential adjuvants for prostate cancer treatment, with improved physicochemical characteristics compared to GA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Griselda Rodriguez-Martinez
- Laboratorio de Oncogenómica, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico
- Unidad de Investigación en Inmunología y Proteómica, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Andres M Carriles-Perez
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Departamento de Bioingeniería, Instituto Tecnológico de Monterrey, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Daniel Gonzalez-Perez
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Departamento de Bioingeniería, Instituto Tecnológico de Monterrey, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carmina Ortega-Sanchez
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Yessica Zamudio-Cuevas
- Laboratorio de Líquido Sinovial-Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Javier Fernandez-Torres
- Laboratorio de Líquido Sinovial-Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Miquel Gimeno
- Departamento de Alimentos y Biotecnología, Facultad de Química, UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico;
| | - Roberto Sanchez-Sanchez
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Departamento de Bioingeniería, Instituto Tecnológico de Monterrey, Mexico City, Mexico;
- Unidad de Ingeniería de Tejidos Terapia Celular y Medicina Regenerativa, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Mexico City, Mexico
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Ibarra C, Villalobos E, Madrazo-Ibarra A, Velasquillo C, Martinez-Lopez V, Izaguirre A, Olivos-Meza A, Cortes-Gonzalez S, Perez-Jimenez FJ, Vargas-Ramirez A, Franco-Sanchez G, Ibarra-Ibarra LG, Sierra-Suarez L, Almazan A, Ortega-Sanchez C, Trueba C, Martin FB, Arredondo-Valdes R, Chavez-Arias D. Arthroscopic Matrix-Assisted Autologous Chondrocyte Transplantation Versus Microfracture: A 6-Year Follow-up of a Prospective Randomized Trial. Am J Sports Med 2021; 49:2165-2176. [PMID: 34048286 DOI: 10.1177/03635465211010487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few randomized controlled trials with a midterm follow-up have compared matrix-assisted autologous chondrocyte transplantation (MACT) with microfracture (MFx) for knee cartilage lesions. PURPOSE To compare the structural, clinical, and safety outcomes at midterm follow-up of MACT versus MFx for treating symptomatic knee cartilage lesions. STUDY DESIGN Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 1. METHODS A total of 48 patients aged between 18 and 50 years, with 1- to 4-cm2 International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) grade III to IV knee chondral lesions, were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to the MACT and MFx treatment groups. A sequential prospective evaluation was performed using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) T2 mapping, the MOCART (magnetic resonance observation of cartilage repair tissue) score, second-look arthroscopic surgery, patient-reported outcome measures, the responder rate (based on achieving the minimal clinically important difference for the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score [KOOS] pain and KOOS Sport/Recreation), adverse events, and treatment failure (defined as a reoperation because of symptoms caused by the primary defect and the detachment or absence of >50% of the repaired tissue during revision surgery). RESULTS Overall, 35 patients (18 MACT and 17 MFx) with a mean chondral lesion size of 1.8 ± 0.8 cm2 (range, 1-4 cm2) were followed up to a mean of 6 years postoperatively (range, 4-9 years). MACT demonstrated significantly better structural outcomes than MFx at 1 to 6 years postoperatively. At final follow-up, the MRI T2 mapping values of the repaired tissue were 37.7 ± 8.5 ms for MACT versus 46.4 ± 8.5 ms for MFx (P = .003), while the MOCART scores were 59.4 ± 17.3 and 42.4 ± 16.3, respectively (P = .006). More than 50% defect filling was seen in 95% of patients at 2 years and 82% at 6 years in the MACT group and in 67% at 2 years and 53% at 6 years in the MFx group. The second-look ICRS scores at 1 year were 10.7 ± 1.3 for MACT and 9.0 ± 1.8 for MFx (P = .001). Both groups showed significant clinical improvements at 6 years postoperatively compared with their preoperative status. Significant differences favoring the MACT group were observed at 2 years on the KOOS Activities of Daily Living (P = .043), at 4 years on all KOOS subscales (except Symptoms; P < .05) and the Tegner scale (P = .008), and at 6 years on the Tegner scale (P = .010). The responder rates at 6 years were 53% and 77% for MFx and MACT, respectively. There were no reported treatment failures after MACT; the failure rate was 8.3% in the MFx group. Neither group had serious adverse events related to treatment. CONCLUSION Patients who underwent MACT had better structural outcomes than those who underwent MFx at 1 to 6 years postoperatively. Both groups of patients showed significant clinical improvements at final follow-up compared with their preoperative status. MACT showed superiority at 4 years for the majority of the KOOS subscales and for the Tegner scale at 4 to 6 years. The MACT group also had a higher responder rate and lower failure rate at final follow-up. REGISTRATION NCT01947374 (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier).
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Affiliation(s)
- Clemente Ibarra
- Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitacion Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico.,Investigation performed at the Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitacion Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Enrique Villalobos
- Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitacion Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico.,Investigation performed at the Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitacion Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Antonio Madrazo-Ibarra
- School of Medicine, Universidad Panamericana, Mexico City, Mexico.,Investigation performed at the Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitacion Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Cristina Velasquillo
- Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitacion Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico.,Investigation performed at the Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitacion Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Valentin Martinez-Lopez
- Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitacion Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico.,Investigation performed at the Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitacion Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Aldo Izaguirre
- Facultad de Medicina de Tampico "Dr. Alberto Romo Caballero," Universidad Autonoma de Tamaulipas, Victoria, Mexico.,Investigation performed at the Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitacion Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Anell Olivos-Meza
- Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitacion Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico.,Investigation performed at the Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitacion Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Socorro Cortes-Gonzalez
- Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitacion Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico.,Investigation performed at the Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitacion Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Francisco Javier Perez-Jimenez
- Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitacion Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico.,Investigation performed at the Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitacion Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alberto Vargas-Ramirez
- Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitacion Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico.,Investigation performed at the Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitacion Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gilberto Franco-Sanchez
- Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitacion Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico.,Investigation performed at the Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitacion Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis Guillermo Ibarra-Ibarra
- Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitacion Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico.,Investigation performed at the Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitacion Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis Sierra-Suarez
- Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitacion Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico.,Investigation performed at the Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitacion Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Arturo Almazan
- Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitacion Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico.,Investigation performed at the Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitacion Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carmina Ortega-Sanchez
- Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitacion Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico.,Investigation performed at the Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitacion Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Cesareo Trueba
- Hospital Español, Mexico City, Mexico.,Investigation performed at the Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitacion Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Fernando Barbosa Martin
- Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitacion Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico.,Investigation performed at the Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitacion Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Reynaldo Arredondo-Valdes
- Hospital Regional "1 de Octubre," Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado, Mexico City, Mexico.,Investigation performed at the Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitacion Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Daniel Chavez-Arias
- Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitacion Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico.,Investigation performed at the Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitacion Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico
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