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Vo T, Tran T, Ho T, Le C, Pham H, Tran H, Ho N, Cao T, Vo B. Clinical evaluation of hysterectomy for the treatment of invasive mole in Southern Vietnam. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023; 27:7720-7727. [PMID: 37667950 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202308_33426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine the rate of salvage chemotherapy and review associated factors in invasive mole patients treated by primary or delayed hysterectomy. PATIENTS AND METHODS This study was carried out at the Tu Du Hospital, where a total of 189 patients were diagnosed with invasive mole based on histologic examination by hysterectomy between 01/2016 to 12/2020. We used the life table method to estimate the cumulative rate. We applied the Cox proportional hazard model to determine the factors associated with the need for salvage chemotherapy. RESULTS At 12-month follow-up, 47 patients had required salvage chemotherapy. The incidence was 24.87% (95% CI: 18.88-31.66). Applying the multivariate model, prophylactic chemotherapy (HR = 2.75, 95% Cl: 1.20-6.30) and two weeks postoperative hCG value greater than 1,900 mIU/mL (HR = 4.30, 95% Cl: 2.08-8.87) increased the risk of requiring salvage chemotherapy. Postoperative chemotherapy decreased the risk of requiring salvage chemotherapy (HR = 0.43, 95% Cl: 0.22-0.83). CONCLUSIONS Hysterectomy can be considered safe and effective in treating invasive mole patients. Although patients were treated by hysterectomy, 24.87% of patients needed salvage chemotherapy to achieve remission. This study affirms the malignant nature of invasive mole, a subtype of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN). It is not purely a local invasion of molar villi. Postoperative chemotherapy plays an essential role in reducing the risk of requiring salvage chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Vo
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
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Augsberger A, Toraif N, Young A, Dimitri NC, Bautista R, Pierre J, Le C, Idahor O, Jusme C, Gergen Barnett KA. COVID-19 shines a light on health inequities in communities of color: A youth-driven photovoice inquiry. J Community Psychol 2022; 50:3700-3715. [PMID: 35441704 PMCID: PMC9088309 DOI: 10.1002/jcop.22866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This manuscript reports on a youth-driven health assessment engaging youth of color in identifying community health priorities during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Photovoice, a participatory visual ethnographic health assessment strategy, was used to explore the question: What does health or healthiness mean to you and/or your community? Youth captured images that represented their priorities. The photos were discussed using the SHOWed framework and analyzed thematically. Four themes related to community health were identified. Additionally, youth captured their narrative of COVID-19 as "a revealing force that highlights systemic inequities, driving individuals and communities to both cultivate their resilience and take healthcare into their own hands in response to government and policy level failures." Youth are acutely aware of the historical and structural inequities that create multi-level barriers to healthcare access. Health inequities existed long before the pandemic, but the current crisis requires us to examine ways to transform the healthcare landscape moving forward.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Noor Toraif
- School of Social WorkBoston UniversityBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Adrienne Young
- School of Social WorkBoston UniversityBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | | | | | - Ja'Karri Pierre
- School of Social WorkBoston UniversityBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Catherine Le
- School of Social WorkBoston UniversityBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | | | - Calvin Jusme
- School of Social WorkBoston UniversityBostonMassachusettsUSA
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Dietscher C, Le C, Telo de Arriaga M, Schaeffer D, Drapkina O, De Gani S. Policy recommendations for improving health literacy: based on European Health Literacy Survey 2019. Eur J Public Health 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckab164.498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The European network on Measuring Population and Organizational Health Literacy (M-POHL) was founded in 2018 under the umbrella of the European Health Information Initiative (EHII) of the World Health Organization - Regional Office for Europe. Health literacy (HL) is increasingly recognized as a critical determinant, mediator or moderator of health, and large parts of populations have been shown to have limited HL. Therefore, it is one of the aims of M-POHL to install international comparative population HL surveys at regular intervals. These can provide a valuable and valid basis for developing evidence-informed recommendations for policy, research and practice in the field of HL. To meet this purpose, M-POHL brings together experts from research and policy. Following up on the first European HL survey (HLS-EU), the first project of M-POHL was the international HLS19 survey, with 17 participating countries from the WHO European region. In addition to general population HL, the survey also covered specific HL's such as digital, communication, navigation, and vaccination HL. Despite the obstacles posed by the Corona pandemic, the survey could be administered, and an international comparative report was prepared by the HLS19 project consortium. On this basis, M-POHL will hold two workshops in June and August 2021 to develop resulting recommendations for policy and research in Europe. It is expected that these recommendations will a. o. focus on: population groups in most need of support in their HL; how to improve different dimensions of HL (such as finding, understanding, assessing, and applying relevant health information); HL as applied to health care, disease prevention, and health promotion; and aspects relating to the specific HL's measured. The presentation will describe the process of development, and give an overview of the M-POHL recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Dietscher
- Austrian Federal Ministry of Social Affairs, Health, Care and Consumer Protection, Vienna, Austria
| | - C Le
- Department Social Determinants of Health Division Prevention, Norwegian Directorate of Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - M Telo de Arriaga
- Division of Literacy, Health and Well-being, Directorate-General on Health, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - D Schaeffer
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Health Literacy Research, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - O Drapkina
- National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - S De Gani
- Gesundheitskompetenz, Careum, Zürich, Switzerland
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Jordan SC, Zakowski P, Tran HP, Smith EA, Gaultier C, Marks G, Zabner R, Lowenstein H, Oft J, Bluen B, Le C, Shane R, Ammerman N, Vo A, Chen P, Kumar S, Toyoda M, Ge S, Huang E. Compassionate Use of Tocilizumab for Treatment of SARS-CoV-2 Pneumonia. Clin Infect Dis 2021; 71:3168-3173. [PMID: 32575124 PMCID: PMC7337689 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preliminary data from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pneumonia patients indicate that a cytokine storm may increase morbidity and mortality. Tocilizumab (anti-IL-6R) is approved by the Food and Drug Administration for treatment of cytokine storm associated with chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy. Here we examined compassionate use of tocilizumab in patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. METHODS We report on a single-center study of tocilizumab in hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. All patients had confirmed SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia and oxygen saturations <90% on oxygen support with most intubated. We examined clinical and laboratory parameters including oxygen and vasopressor requirements, cytokine profiles, and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels pre- and post-tocilizumab treatment. RESULTS Twenty-seven SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia patients received one 400 mg dose of tocilizumab. Interleukin (IL)-6 was the predominant cytokine detected at tocilizumab treatment. Significant reductions in temperature and CRP were seen post-tocilizumab. However, 4 patients did not show rapid CRP declines, of whom 3 had poorer outcomes. Oxygen and vasopressor requirements diminished over the first week post-tocilizumab. Twenty-two patients required mechanical ventilation; at last follow-up, 16 were extubated. Adverse events and serious adverse events were minimal, but 2 deaths (7.4%) occurred that were felt unrelated to tocilizumab. CONCLUSIONS Compared to published reports on the morbidity and mortality associated with SARS-CoV-2, tocilizumab appears to offer benefits in reducing inflammation, oxygen requirements, vasopressor support, and mortality. The rationale for tocilizumab treatment is supported by detection of IL-6 in pathogenic levels in all patients. Additional doses of tocilizumab may be needed for those showing slow declines in CRP. Proof of efficacy awaits randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanley C Jordan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Transplant Immunology Laboratory, Transplant Immunotherapy Program, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | | | - Hai P Tran
- Department of Pharmacy Services, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Ethan A Smith
- Department of Pharmacy Services, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Cyril Gaultier
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Gregory Marks
- Department of Pharmacy Services, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Rachel Zabner
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | | | - Jillian Oft
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Benjamin Bluen
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Catherine Le
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Rita Shane
- Department of Pharmacy Services, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Noriko Ammerman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Transplant Immunology Laboratory, Transplant Immunotherapy Program, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Ashley Vo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Transplant Immunology Laboratory, Transplant Immunotherapy Program, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Peter Chen
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Sanjeev Kumar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Transplant Immunology Laboratory, Transplant Immunotherapy Program, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Mieko Toyoda
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Transplant Immunology Laboratory, Transplant Immunotherapy Program, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Shili Ge
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Transplant Immunology Laboratory, Transplant Immunotherapy Program, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Edmund Huang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Transplant Immunology Laboratory, Transplant Immunotherapy Program, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Newhouse CN, Saleh T, Fuller T, Kerin T, Cambou MC, Swayze EJ, Le C, Seo W, Trejo M, Garner OB, Chandrasekaran S, Nielsen-Saines K. Predictors of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Youth at a Large, Urban Healthcare Center in California, March-September 2020. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:752247. [PMID: 34869107 PMCID: PMC8635702 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.752247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To understand which social, epidemiologic, and clinical risk factors are associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in youth accessing care in a large, urban academic institution. Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study with case-control analyses in youth who received testing for SARS-CoV-2 at our academic institution in Los Angeles during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic (March-September 2020). Results: A total of 27,976 SARS-CoV-2 assays among 11,922 youth aged 0-24 years were performed, including 475 youth with positive SARS-CoV-2 results. Positivity rate was higher among older, African American, and Hispanic/Latinx youth. Cases were more likely to be from non-English-speaking households and have safety-net insurance. Zip codes with higher proportion of Hispanic/Latinx and residents living under the poverty line were associated with increased SARS-CoV-2 cases. Youth were more likely to have positive results if tested for exposure (OR 21.5, 95% CI 14.6-32.1) or recent travel (OR 1.5, 95% CI 1.0-2.3). Students were less likely to have positive results than essential worker youth (OR 0.5, 95% CI 0.3-0.8). Patterns of symptom presentation varied significantly by age group; number of symptoms correlated significantly with age in SARS-CoV-2 cases (r = 0.030, p < 0.001). SARS-CoV-2 viral load did not vary by symptom severity, but asymptomatic youth had lower median viral load than those with symptoms (21.5 vs. 26.7, p = 0.009). Conclusions: Socioeconomic factors are important drivers of SARS-CoV-2 infection in youth. Presence of symptoms, exposure, and travel can be used to drive testing in older youth. Policies for school reopening and infection prevention should be tailored differently for elementary schools and universities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin N Newhouse
- Department of Medicine, Preventive Medicine Program, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Tawny Saleh
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Trevon Fuller
- Institute of the Environment & Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Laboratorio de Doenças Febris Agudas, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Tara Kerin
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Mary C Cambou
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Emma J Swayze
- Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
| | - Catherine Le
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Wonjae Seo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Marisol Trejo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Omai B Garner
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Sukantha Chandrasekaran
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Karin Nielsen-Saines
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Pelikan J, Link T, Berens E, Pettersen K, Le C, Sørensen K, Vogt D, Gibney S, Aringazina A, Vrbovsek S. Comprehensive health literacy in general populations – An international comparison. Eur J Public Health 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckaa165.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The HLS-EU study in 2011 demonstrated for 8 EU Member States that there exists limited comprehensive health literacy for considerable proportions of the general population, that there is a social gradient for health literacy and that limited health literacy has problematic consequences for healthy lifestyles, self-reported health and utilization of professional health services. It was also shown that distributions and associations of health literacy differ considerable between countries. WHO-Europe started the Acton Network on Measuring Population and Organizational Health Literacy (M-POHL) to measure health literacy regularly with the Health Literacy Survey 2019 (HLS19).
Methods
Based on the design and instrument of the HLS-EU study (to allow comparisons for countries participating in both surveys) a core questionnaire was developed for measuring comprehensive health literacy and its relevant correlates. Optional packages were created to measure, among others, digital health literacy and its most relevant correlates. Data were collected from probability samples of at least 1.000 respondents per country for the general population 18+ by personal interviews, telephone interviews or internet surveys in at least 15 member states of the WHO-Europe region.
Results
Distributions for indices, scales and levels of comprehensive health literacy will be presented as well as correlations and regressions for associations of health literacy with social determinants and with consequences for selected life style indicators, indicators for self-reported health and use of professional health care services.
Conclusions
Preliminary results show that the general trends of the HLS-EU study concerning health literacy hold true for HLS19 and that there are considerable differences between participating countries. Health literacy is relevant for health policy in all countries, but to understand the differences between countries a more detailed analysis is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Pelikan
- The Austrian Public Health Institute, Vienna, Austria
| | - T Link
- The Austrian Public Health Institute, Vienna, Austria
| | - E Berens
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Health Literacy Research, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - K Pettersen
- National Study Center HLS19, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - C Le
- Norwegian Directorate of Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - K Sørensen
- Global Health Literacy Academy, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - D Vogt
- Careum Foundation, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - S Gibney
- Department of Health, Dublin, Ireland
| | - A Aringazina
- Department of Population Health & Social Sciences, KMU Kazakhstan School of Public Health, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - S Vrbovsek
- Center for Health Prevention and Health Promotion Programmes, National Institute of Public Health, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Hughes D, Dailianis AE, Hill L, Curiale MS, Gangar V, Arnold D, Barrat C, Baxter T, Bell J, Brooks R, Bryant D, Burke K, Burnie A, Cliffard D, Danisavich T, Daniels K, Deiss K, D’Onorio A, Faucher K, Finkenbiner D, Gasanov U, Gebler J, Gerry A, Graham D, Graham T, Harris P, Hetrick S, Jurgens J, Keating KJ, Klokman R, Le C, Matrozza M, McCarthy R, McCawley C, Munyard S, Pye V, Rajkowski K, Ristov K, Rosinko J, Schneider K, Schubert MJ, Sloan E, Souter, Wilson M, Zuroski K. Salmonella in Foods: New Enrichment Procedure for TECRA Salmonella Visual Immunoassay Using a Single RV(R10) Only, TT Only, or Dual RV(R10) and TT Selective Enrichment Broths (AOAC Official Method 998.09): Collaborative Study. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/86.4.775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A collaborative study was conducted to compare a new enrichment procedure for the TECRA® Salmonella Visual Immunoassay (TSVIA) with the reference method given in the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's Bacteriological Analytical Manual (7th Ed.). Three food types (milk powder, pepper, and soy flour) were analyzed in Australia and 3 food types (milk chocolate, dried egg, and raw turkey) were analyzed in the United States. Thirty-eight collaborators participated in the study. The TECRA method was evaluated using both Rappaport-Vassiliadis R10 (RV(R10)) and tetrathionate (TT) broths for selective enrichment. M broth cultures arising from each of the 2 selective enrichment broths were tested in the TSVIA using 2 individual wells, one for each selective broth, and a single well to test the pooled selective enrichment broths. The results for the pooled enrichment broths were reported elsewhere. This study presents the results for the use of single enrichment broths, i.e., RV(R10) only or TT only, with the TSVIA. No significant differences (p > 0.05) were observed for the pairwise comparison of the proportion of positive samples for either RV(R10) or TT used as a single enrichment broth for the TSVIA with that for the reference method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Hughes
- TECRA International, 13 Rodborough Rd, Frenchs Forest, NSW 2086, Australia
| | - Angela E Dailianis
- TECRA International, 13 Rodborough Rd, Frenchs Forest, NSW 2086, Australia
| | - Louise Hill
- TECRA International, 13 Rodborough Rd, Frenchs Forest, NSW 2086, Australia
| | - Michael S Curiale
- Silliker Laboratories Group, Research Services, Halsted St, Chicago Heights, IL 60430
| | - Vidhya Gangar
- Silliker Laboratories Group, Research Services, Halsted St, Chicago Heights, IL 60430
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8
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Le C, Huang R, Foutch T, Patel C, Newell A, Pate G, Menzl I. P2.09-33 Prevalence of ROS1 (SP384)-Reactive Type II Pneumocyte Staining in Lung Tissue. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.1682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Roussel L, Landekic M, Golizeh M, Gavino C, Zhong MC, Chen J, Faubert D, Blanchet-Cohen A, Dansereau L, Parent MA, Marin S, Luo J, Le C, Ford BR, Langelier M, King IL, Divangahi M, Foulkes WD, Veillette A, Vinh DC. [Loss of human ICOSLG results in combined immunodeficiency]. Med Sci (Paris) 2019; 35:625-628. [PMID: 31532372 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/2019126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Roussel
- Le Programme en maladies infectieuses et immunité en santé mondiale, Centre universitaire de santé McGill, Institut de recherche, 1001 Decarie, H4A3J1 Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Marija Landekic
- Le Programme en maladies infectieuses et immunité en santé mondiale, Centre universitaire de santé McGill, Institut de recherche, 1001 Decarie, H4A3J1 Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Makan Golizeh
- Le Programme en maladies infectieuses et immunité en santé mondiale, Centre universitaire de santé McGill, Institut de recherche, 1001 Decarie, H4A3J1 Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Christina Gavino
- Le Programme en maladies infectieuses et immunité en santé mondiale, Centre universitaire de santé McGill, Institut de recherche, 1001 Decarie, H4A3J1 Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Ming-Chao Zhong
- Laboratoire d'oncologie moléculaire, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Jun Chen
- Laboratoire d'oncologie moléculaire, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Denis Faubert
- Plateforme de spectrométrie de masse et protéomique, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Alexis Blanchet-Cohen
- Bio-informatiques, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Luc Dansereau
- Département de médecine interne, Hôpital de l'Archipel, Centre intégré de santé et de services sociaux des Îles, Les Îles-de-la-Madeleine, Québec, Canada
| | - Marc-Antoine Parent
- Département de médecine familiale, Centre intégré de santé et de services sociaux des Îles, Les Îles-de-la-Madeleine, Québec, Canada
| | - Sonia Marin
- Hôpital de l'Archipel, Centre intégré de santé et de services sociaux des Îles, Les Îles-de-la-Madeleine, Québec, Canada
| | - Julia Luo
- Le Programme en maladies infectieuses et immunité en santé mondiale, Centre universitaire de santé McGill, Institut de recherche, 1001 Decarie, H4A3J1 Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Catherine Le
- Le Programme en maladies infectieuses et immunité en santé mondiale, Centre universitaire de santé McGill, Institut de recherche, 1001 Decarie, H4A3J1 Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Brinley R Ford
- Le Programme en maladies infectieuses et immunité en santé mondiale, Centre universitaire de santé McGill, Institut de recherche, 1001 Decarie, H4A3J1 Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Mélanie Langelier
- Le Programme en maladies infectieuses et immunité en santé mondiale, Centre universitaire de santé McGill, Institut de recherche, 1001 Decarie, H4A3J1 Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Irah L King
- Laboratoires Meakins-Christie, Centre universitaire de santé McGill, Institut de recherche, Montréal, Québec, Canada. - Département de médecine, Université McGill, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Maziar Divangahi
- Laboratoires Meakins-Christie, Centre universitaire de santé McGill, Institut de recherche, Montréal, Québec, Canada. - Département de médecine, Université McGill, Montréal, Québec, Canada. - Département de microbiologie et immunologie, Université McGill, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - William D Foulkes
- Département de médecine génétique, Centre universitaire de santé McGill, Institut de recherche, Montréal, Québec, Canada. - Département de génétique humaine, Université McGill, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - André Veillette
- Laboratoire d'oncologie moléculaire, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada. - Département de médecine, Université McGill, Montréal, Québec, Canada. - Département de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Donald C Vinh
- Le Programme en maladies infectieuses et immunité en santé mondiale, Centre universitaire de santé McGill, Institut de recherche, 1001 Decarie, H4A3J1 Montréal, Québec, Canada. - Laboratoire d'oncologie moléculaire, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada. - Département de médecine, Université McGill, Montréal, Québec, Canada. - Département de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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10
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Roussel L, Landekic M, Golizeh M, Gavino C, Zhong MC, Chen J, Faubert D, Blanchet-Cohen A, Dansereau L, Parent MA, Marin S, Luo J, Le C, Ford BR, Langelier M, King IL, Divangahi M, Foulkes WD, Veillette A, Vinh DC. Loss of human ICOSL results in combined immunodeficiency. J Exp Med 2019; 215:3151-3164. [PMID: 30498080 PMCID: PMC6279397 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20180668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary immunodeficiencies represent naturally occurring experimental models to decipher human immunobiology. We report a patient with combined immunodeficiency, marked by recurrent respiratory tract and DNA-based viral infections, hypogammaglobulinemia, and panlymphopenia. He also developed moderate neutropenia but without prototypical pyogenic infections. Using whole-exome sequencing, we identified a homozygous mutation in the inducible T cell costimulator ligand gene (ICOSLG; c.657C>G; p.N219K). Whereas WT ICOSL is expressed at the cell surface, the ICOSLN219K mutation abrogates surface localization: mutant protein is retained in the endoplasmic reticulum/Golgi apparatus, which is predicted to result from deleterious conformational and biochemical changes. ICOSLN219K diminished B cell costimulation of T cells, providing a compelling basis for the observed defect in antibody and memory B cell generation. Interestingly, ICOSLN219K also impaired migration of lymphocytes and neutrophils across endothelial cells, which normally express ICOSL. These defects likely contributed to the altered adaptive immunity and neutropenia observed in the patient, respectively. Our study identifies human ICOSLG deficiency as a novel cause of a combined immunodeficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Roussel
- Infectious Disease Susceptibility Program, McGill University Health Centre and Research Institute-McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Marija Landekic
- Infectious Disease Susceptibility Program, McGill University Health Centre and Research Institute-McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Makan Golizeh
- Infectious Disease Susceptibility Program, McGill University Health Centre and Research Institute-McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Christina Gavino
- Infectious Disease Susceptibility Program, McGill University Health Centre and Research Institute-McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Ming-Chao Zhong
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Jun Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Denis Faubert
- Proteomics Discovery Platform, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Alexis Blanchet-Cohen
- Bioinformatics, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Luc Dansereau
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hôpital de l'Archipel, Centre intégré de santé et de services sociaux des Îles, Les Îles-de-la-Madeleine, Québec, Canada
| | - Marc-Antoine Parent
- Department of Family Medicine, Centre intégé de santé et de services sociaux des Îles, Les Îles-de-la-Madeleine, Québec, Canada
| | - Sonia Marin
- Hôpital de l'Archipel, Centre intégré de santé et de services sociaux des Îles, Les Îles-de-la-Madeleine, Québec, Canada
| | - Julia Luo
- Infectious Disease Susceptibility Program, McGill University Health Centre and Research Institute-McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Catherine Le
- Infectious Disease Susceptibility Program, McGill University Health Centre and Research Institute-McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Brinley R Ford
- Infectious Disease Susceptibility Program, McGill University Health Centre and Research Institute-McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Mélanie Langelier
- Infectious Disease Susceptibility Program, McGill University Health Centre and Research Institute-McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Irah L King
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Research Institute-McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Maziar Divangahi
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Research Institute-McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - William D Foulkes
- Department of Medical Genetics, Research Institute-McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - André Veillette
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Donald C Vinh
- Infectious Disease Susceptibility Program, McGill University Health Centre and Research Institute-McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada .,Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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Budhram A, Mirian A, Le C, Hosseini-Moghaddam SM, Sharma M, Nicolle MW. Unilateral cortical FLAIR-hyperintense Lesions in Anti-MOG-associated Encephalitis with Seizures (FLAMES): characterization of a distinct clinico-radiographic syndrome. J Neurol 2019; 266:2481-2487. [PMID: 31243540 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-019-09440-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To characterize the clinical symptoms and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of unilateral cortical FLAIR-hyperintense Lesions in Anti-MOG-associated Encephalitis with Seizures (FLAMES). METHODS This is a case report and systematic review of the literature to identify cases of unilateral cortical FLAMES. Cases were reviewed to determine the frequency of clinical symptoms (seizures, headache, fever and cortical symptoms referable to FLAMES location), and to determine whether MRI abnormalities are restricted to the unilateral cortex in this syndrome. RESULTS We identified 20 cases of unilateral cortical FLAMES for review. Among them, 17/20 (85%) had seizures, 14/20 (70%) had headache, 13/20 (65%) had fever, 11/20 (55%) reported cortical symptoms referable to the FLAMES location, and 19/20 (95%) reported at least two of these four findings. On MRI 4/20 (20%) had some contralateral hemispheric cortical signal abnormality, and 6/20 (30%) had MRI findings concerning for meningeal inflammation. CONCLUSIONS In patients with unilateral cortical FLAMES, the clinical symptoms of seizures, headache, fever and cortical symptoms referable to the FLAMES location are frequent. Although initially described as a unilateral cortical encephalitis, bilateral cortical involvement and possible meningeal inflammation could indicate a broader disease spectrum. Recognition of this distinct clinico-radiographic syndrome may facilitate prompt diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Budhram
- Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, Division of Neurology, University Hospital, Western University, 339 Windermere Rd., London, ON, N6A 5A5, Canada.
| | - A Mirian
- Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, Division of Neurology, University Hospital, Western University, 339 Windermere Rd., London, ON, N6A 5A5, Canada
| | - C Le
- Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, Division of Neurology, University Hospital, Western University, 339 Windermere Rd., London, ON, N6A 5A5, Canada
| | - S M Hosseini-Moghaddam
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - M Sharma
- Department of Medical Imaging, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - M W Nicolle
- Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, Division of Neurology, University Hospital, Western University, 339 Windermere Rd., London, ON, N6A 5A5, Canada
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Wang Z, Dunai C, Le C, Murphy WJ. Adiposity augments toxicity of mouse cytomegalovirus. The Journal of Immunology 2019. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.202.supp.197.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Obesity, a meta-inflammatory state defined by BMI≥30kg/m2, is reaching pandemic proportions. Generally, the impact of obesity on immune responses is poorly understood. Obesity is associated with chronic low-grade systemic pro-inflammatory cytokines. Similar to aging, obesity can affect immune responses and cause susceptibility to infection and pathology. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a prevalent herpes virus that can remain asymptomatic for years but causes significant morbidity and mortality in immunosuppressed patients. Our goal was to evaluate the impact of obesity on immune responses to CMV infection with a focus on toxicity. We reported that systemic immunotherapy results in elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in obese mice, leading to TNF-mediated pathological responses and death. We hypothesized that obesity will augment toxicity in mouse CMV (MCMV) infection as a consequence of heightened pro-inflammatory cytokine production. C57BL/6 and Balb/c were fed either a 60% fat (DIO) or 10% fat (Control) diet starting at 6-weeks old until 6-months old. DIO mice had significantly more subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue than control mice assessed by MRI. Although ob/ob mice were fed a regular diet, they were significantly fatter than WT mice. Mice (DIO vs control and ob/ob vs WT) infected with 1–5×104 p.f.u. MCMV were assessed for clinical symptoms, serum cytokines, and survival. We observed that 50% of both DIO and ob/ob mice succumbed starting 2 days post-infection, which was associated with increased pro-inflammatory cytokine production. The augmented toxicity induced by MCMV in obese models demonstrates that adiposity is a critical factor in immune-mediated pathological responses to infections.
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Le C, Dunai C, Khuat LT, Murphy WJ. PD-1 regulates response to bystander activation of memory CD8 T cells. The Journal of Immunology 2019. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.202.supp.56.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Inflammatory cytokines, released in virally infected tissues, activate bystander memory T cells, expressing CD132 and CD122, in an antigen non-specific manner through signal 3 alone to provide early anti-viral protection in an NKG2D-dependent manner. We have previously observed that IL-2 stimulation expands bystander memory CD8 T cells that are NKG2D+/Programmed cell death protein 1(PD-1)-/CD25-. However, it is unclear if the presence of PD-1 regulates the ability of memory T cells to respond to signal 3 alone. In our study, IL-2 in vitro culture for 3 days results in proliferation of memory T cells in human PBMCs and preferential expansion of memory CD8 over CD4 T cells. PD-1- CD8 T cells had greater cycling of proliferation compared to PD-1+ CD8 T cells, as observed by dilution of CPeFluor670 staining. Similarly, mouse splenocytes proliferate in response to IL-2 in vitro. Ki67+ CD8 T cells were found to be predominantly PD-1−, while ConA-stimulated Ki67+ CD8 T cells were predominantly PD-1+. Adoptively transferred memory OTI CD8 T cells but not naïve OTI CD8 T cells expanded in vivo in the liver at 3–4 days post-infection with 2×10^3 PFU murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV), and a greater percentage of PD-1− OTI CD8 T cells were Ki67 positive compared to PD-1+ OTI CD8 T cells. We conclude that the expression of PD-1 on memory CD8 T cells can regulate response to signal 3 alone. Future studies will examine the impact of PD-1 blockade on the bystander response in anti-viral protection.
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Monsour M, Wiley W, Brown K, Le C, Lee J, Robinson M, Schneiter M, Elsamadicy E. Differences in Length of Hospital Stay and Hospital Costs Associated with Hysterectomy with Uterus > 250 Grams: Total Laparoscopic versus Vaginal Hysterectomy Approach. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2018.09.462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Monsour M, Wiley W, Brown K, Lee J, Le C, Robinson M, Schneiter M, Elsamadicy E, Mehta S. Healthcare Cost and Resource Utilization Associated with Use of Laparoscopy with Vaginal Hysterectomy: 5-Year Single Institutional Study of 697 Patients. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2018.09.465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Monsour M, Wiley W, Lee J, Le C, Brown K, Robinson M, Schneiter M, Elsamadicy E. Infectious Drivers of 30-Day Unplanned Hospital Encounter and Readmission after Hysterectomy: A Single Institutional Study. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2018.09.495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Mehta S, Schneiter M, Monsour M, Wiley W, Le C, Brown K, Lee J, Robinson M, Elsamadicy E. Association between Patient Body Mass Index and Use of Critical Care Services after Elective Hysterectomy: A Single Institutional Study of 109 Patients. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2018.09.503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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18
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Hanlon Newell A, Liu W, Bubendorf L, Büttner R, Kerr K, Kockx M, Kossai M, Lopez-Rios F, Marchetti A, Marondel I, Nicholson A, Oz B, Pauwels P, Penault-Llorca F, Rossi G, Rüsseler V, Thunnissen E, Pate G, Portier B, Faure C, Le C, Smith D, Menzl I, Huang R. MA26.07 ROS1 (SP384) Immunohistochemistry Inter-Reader Precision Between 12 Pathologists. J Thorac Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.08.543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Huang R, Smith D, Richardson B, Le C, Liu W, Hanlon Newell A, Pate G, Menzl I. P2.09-13 Correlation of ROS1 (SP384) Immunohistochemistry with ROS1 Rearrangement Determined by Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization. J Thorac Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.08.1310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Le C, Duong T, Lehert P, Do D, Le T, Vo T. Clinical pregnancy following GnRH agonist administration in luteal phase of fresh or frozen assisted reproductive technology (ART) cycles: systematic review and meta analysis. Fertil Steril 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2018.07.582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Winer JN, Verstraete FJM, Cissell DD, Le C, Vapniarsky N, Good KL, Gutierrez CJ, Arzi B. Clinical Features and Computed Tomography Findings Are Utilized to Characterize Retrobulbar Disease in Dogs. Front Vet Sci 2018; 5:186. [PMID: 30186840 PMCID: PMC6113568 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2018.00186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study is to describe the clinical features and computed tomography (CT) findings of dogs with retrobulbar disease. There are two facets to this study: a retrospective case series in which findings of dogs with primary vs. secondary retrobulbar disease are described, and a retrospective cross-sectional study in which computed tomography findings of dogs with retrobulbar neoplasia vs. infection/inflammation are described and compared. The medical records of 66 client-owned dogs diagnosed with retrobulbar disease between 2006 and 2016 were reviewed. Clinical information including signalment, the specialty service to which the dog was presented, clinical signs, physical examination findings, diagnostic results, treatment, and outcome were documented. Diagnostic imaging and histopathology were reviewed. Forty-one dogs (62.1%) were diagnosed with primary disease of the retrobulbar space; 25 dogs (37.9%) were considered to have secondary retrobulbar disease. Of the 41 dogs with primary retrobulbar disease, 19 were diagnosed with neoplasia, 19 with infectious/inflammatory disease, and 3 suffered traumatic insult to the retrobulbar space. Of the 25 dogs with secondary retrobulbar disease, 21 were diagnosed with neoplasia, 3 with infectious/inflammatory disease, and 1 with a cyst. Dogs had a combination of ocular, oral, and/or nasal clinical signs. CT findings of orbital osteolysis, orbital periosteal reaction, and presence of a retrobulbar mass were significantly associated with neoplasia, while zygomatic salivary gland enlargement, retrobulbar mass effect, and mandibular lymphadenopathy were more often associated with infectious/inflammatory disease. CT findings overlap among different retrobulbar diseases, but new bone formation and lysis are more often associated with neoplasia. Disease originating from the retrobulbar space was equally likely to be infectious/inflammatory (n = 19) or neoplastic (n = 19), based on definitive diagnostic results of dogs with primary retrobulbar disease. Due to the clinical ramifications of these disorders, the diagnosis and treatment of these cases should be managed with a multi-specialty approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna N Winer
- School of Veterinary Medicine, William R. Pritchard Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Frank J M Verstraete
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Derek D Cissell
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Catherine Le
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Natalia Vapniarsky
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Kathryn L Good
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Claudio J Gutierrez
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Boaz Arzi
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
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Furtado MR, Fang R, Burns N, Burich R, Le C, Ivaturi S, Hartlage R, Zizminskas E, Jahncke J, Mack PC, Staker BP. Abstract 415: A single molecule detection system for comprehensive analysis of cancer related cellular pathways. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2018-415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the system capabilities of a new single-molecule detection platform capable of both genomic and proteomic analysis of cellular pathways using very small amounts of tumor material. The system has 4-color optics, single-fluorophore detection capability, localization of molecules to within a 20nm area, a flow cell with an area of 940 mm2 and the ability to detect > 109 molecules on the surface. NSCLC cell lines were cultured and untreated or treated with the EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor erlotinib. Cells were harvested and used to generate protein lysates, isolate mRNA and gDNA. Cellular molecules were covalently attached to an epoxysilane-coated surface on the flow cell and then repeatedly probed 10-15 times with labeled antibodies and oligonucleotides to detect, count and quantitate proteins, protein phosphorylation levels, mRNAs, fusion transcripts, and DNA mutations. We detected protein phosphorylation changes for EGFR, ERK, MET and MEK comparable to that observed by traditional western blots; however, the system required only 0.5 to 2 cell equivalents of protein lysate, containing sub pico-Molar levels of protein. We demonstrated robust and statistically significant detection of 2-fold changes in protein levels across 3 slides, in triplicate lanes and performed over 3 non-consecutive days by 3 operators (Tukey-Kramer tests). We also detected 8 mRNAs, with no PCR amplification required, in a multiplexed format with relative levels similar to that observed with TaqMan® qPCR tests. We demonstrated protein detection at ~ 100% recovery compared to an ELISA test and nucleic acid recovery at ~ 30% with no amplification. We also detected exon 19 deletions in EGFR, point mutations at L858R, T790M in EGFR and V600E in BRAF, at 0.5% minor allele levels, by using an oligonucleotide ligation assay off-chip and then attaching the ligated product to the surface. mRNA levels were detected using 10-20 cell equivalents of RNA. We believe the system will enable comprehensive analysis of cancer-related pathways, requiring only a few cells, to help decipher cellular pathway activity induced by driver mutations and consequently help with selection of efficacious drugs tailored for specific individuals based on comprehensive molecular analysis.
Citation Format: Manohar R. Furtado, Rixun Fang, Norman Burns, Rebekah Burich, Catherine Le, Soumya Ivaturi, Rob Hartlage, Ed Zizminskas, Jim Jahncke, Philip C. Mack, Bryan P. Staker. A single molecule detection system for comprehensive analysis of cancer related cellular pathways [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 415.
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Le C, Khuat LT, Dunai C, Soulika A, Murphy WJ. Diet-induced obesity impairs induction of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis and is restored by PD-1 blockade. The Journal of Immunology 2018. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.200.supp.163.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Obesity has marked effects on immune function and is associated with increased infection susceptibility and decreased adaptive immune response. We examined the effects of obesity on adaptive autoimmune responses using a diet-induced obesity mouse model. The pathogenesis of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a model of autoimmune demyelinating disease of CNS, is mediated by autoreactive Th1 and Th17 CD4 T cell subsets. 8–9-month-old C57Bl/6 male mice were fed 60% fat or 10% fat control diet starting at 6–8 weeks old and were immunized with 300 μg of rodent myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)35–55 peptide in complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) containing 5 mg/ml heat-killed M. tuberculosis. Control diet mice exhibited onset of severe clinical symptoms of hind limb paralysis similarly to young wild-type controls, while diet-induced obese mice experienced a significantly delayed onset. Clinical scores correlated with greater number of MOG-specific tetramer-positive CD4 T cells and number of IFN-gamma and IL-17a-expressing CD4 T cells in the CNS of control mice compared to obese mice. Decreased functional cytokine expression and proliferation called into question the exhaustive nature of T cells in obese mice through the upregulation of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway, a known regulator of EAE. We treated EAE-induced mice on control and high-fat diet with anti-PD-1 blockade (29F.1A12) and restored EAE induction in both clinical score and number of pathologic CD4 T cells in the CNS of obese mice. Our findings may indicate an impairment of the adaptive immune system through the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway in obesity, possibly indicating an augmentation of the checkpoint pathway in settings of systemic inflammation.
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Menzl I, Richardson B, Le C, Smith D, Newell AH, Bell C, Pate G, Huang R. 30P Feasibility of anti-ROS1 SP384 for detection of ROS1 protein. J Thorac Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s1556-0864(18)30310-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Canter RJ, Aguilar E, Wang Z, Le C, Khuat L, Dunai C, Rebhun R, Tarantal A, Blazar BR, Monjazeb A, Murphy WJ. Obesity results in higher PD-1-mediated T-cell suppression but greater T-cell effector functions following blockade. J Clin Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2018.36.5_suppl.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
65 Background: Obesity is increasingly prevalent and viewed as a critical co-factor in many pathologic conditions due to metabolic, inflammatory and immune perturbations. We performed a multi-species evaluation of the impact of obesity T cell effector functions and markers of immune exhaustion. Methods: We examined the impact of obesity on PD-1 and T cell-mediated responses across different pre-clinical models (tumor, infection, and autoimmune encephalomyelitis [EAE]) and species (mouse, dog, non-human primate, and human). Results: CD4 and CD8 T cells from obese mice, dogs, non-human primates and humans displayed increases in memory T cells and PD-1 expression, as well as impaired proliferative responses compared to lean controls, indicating a greater degree of T cell exhaustion at baseline. Following immunization with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein, obese mice were resistant to induction of EAE, correlating with reduced antigen-specific CD4 T cells in the central nervous system. Administration of anti-PD-1 resulted in restoration of EAE and increased antigen-specific T cell numbers in obese mice. Tumors in obese mice exhibited accelerated growth compared to lean mice, and T cells displayed higher PD-1 expression correlating with RNAseq/molecular signatures of exhaustion compared to tumor-bearing lean mice. PD-1 blockade resulted in marked anti-tumor effects only in obese mice, and not lean. Impaired viral resistance to murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) resulted was seen in obese mice, associated with increased PD-1/PD-L1 expression, which was reversible by PD-1/PD-L1 blockade. Conclusions: Obesity results in an increase in PD-1/PD-L1 expression and inhibition of T cell responses across species, and blockade not only reverses this inhibition but also leads to markedly augmented T cell effector responses compared to lean counterparts where no effects were observed. These results highlight how the immune system has evolved to control T cell responses using checkpoints contingent on dynamic host conditions and have translational relevance for predicting both efficacy and toxicity in clinical immuno-oncology.
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Budhram A, Le C, Jenkins ME. Lyme Disease Presenting With Raeder Syndrome. Headache 2017; 58:317-318. [PMID: 29115676 DOI: 10.1111/head.13220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2017] [Revised: 09/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A Budhram
- Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - C Le
- Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - M E Jenkins
- Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
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Gavino C, Mellinghoff S, Cornely OA, Landekic M, Le C, Langelier M, Golizeh M, Proske S, Vinh DC. Novel bi-allelic splice mutations in CARD9 causing adult-onset Candida endophthalmitis. Mycoses 2017; 61:61-65. [PMID: 28984994 DOI: 10.1111/myc.12701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
CARD9 deficiency (CANDF2; OMIM# 212050) is an autosomal-recessive monogenic inborn error of immunity conferring susceptibility to invasive fungal diseases, including the very distinct syndrome of spontaneous central nervous system candidiasis, in which opportunistic yeast of the genus Candida infect the central nervous system (either brain parenchyma and/or meninges) in the absence of trauma, chemotherapy or underlying systemic disease. We present a patient with spontaneous endophthalmitis of the right eye due to Candida albicans; further investigations revealed concomitant cerebral abscess. She had a history of left endophthalmitis due to the dematiaceous mould, Aureobasidium pullulans, 15 years earlier. Targeted sequencing of the CARD9 gene revealed 2 novel variants (c.184G>A and c.288C>T). Analysis in silico predicted each variant altered splicing, which was confirmed by sequencing of cDNA from proband and carrier offsprings: c.184G>A results in a 4-base pair frameshift deletion with loss of allelic expression; c.288C>T results in an in-frame 36-bp pair deletion with detectable protein. CARD9 deficiency can present with a phenotype of spontaneous candidal endophthalmitis. We report 2 novel mutations in CARD9, both affecting splicing, expanding the range of morbid variants causing CARD9 deficiency, emphasising the importance of both genomic and cDNA sequencing for this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Gavino
- Infectious Disease Susceptibility Program, McGill University Health Centre (MUHC) and Research Institute-MUHC (RI-MUHC), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Sibylle Mellinghoff
- CECAD Cluster of Excellence, Department I for Internal Medicine University Hospital, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Oliver A Cornely
- CECAD Cluster of Excellence, Department I for Internal Medicine University Hospital, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Marija Landekic
- Infectious Disease Susceptibility Program, McGill University Health Centre (MUHC) and Research Institute-MUHC (RI-MUHC), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Catherine Le
- Infectious Disease Susceptibility Program, McGill University Health Centre (MUHC) and Research Institute-MUHC (RI-MUHC), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Melanie Langelier
- Infectious Disease Susceptibility Program, McGill University Health Centre (MUHC) and Research Institute-MUHC (RI-MUHC), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Makan Golizeh
- Infectious Disease Susceptibility Program, McGill University Health Centre (MUHC) and Research Institute-MUHC (RI-MUHC), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Susanna Proske
- CECAD Cluster of Excellence, Department I for Internal Medicine University Hospital, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Donald C Vinh
- Infectious Disease Susceptibility Program, McGill University Health Centre (MUHC) and Research Institute-MUHC (RI-MUHC), Montréal, QC, Canada
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Schaefer C, Mamolo C, Cappelleri J, Daniel S, Le C, Tatulych S, Griffiths C, Hampton P. Treatment patterns and outcomes among adults admitted to hospital in the U.K. due to plaque or erythrodermic psoriasis. Br J Dermatol 2017; 177:e52-e54. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.15270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Schaefer
- Covance Market Access Services Inc. Gaithersburg MD U.S.A
| | - C. Mamolo
- Pfizer Inc. Eastern Point Road Groton CT 06340 U.S.A
| | | | - S. Daniel
- Covance Market Access Services Inc. Conshohocken PA U.S.A
| | - C. Le
- Covance Market Access Services Inc. San Diego CA U.S.A
| | - S. Tatulych
- Pfizer Inc. Eastern Point Road Groton CT 06340 U.S.A
| | - C.E.M. Griffiths
- Dermatology Centre Salford Royal Hospital University of Manchester Manchester Academic Health Science Centre Manchester U.K
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Crabtree Ramírez B, Caro Vega Y, Shepherd BE, Le C, Turner M, Frola C, Grinsztejn B, Cortes C, Padgett D, Sterling TR, McGowan CC, Person A. Outcomes of HIV-positive patients with cryptococcal meningitis in the Americas. Int J Infect Dis 2017; 63:57-63. [PMID: 28807740 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2017.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cryptococcal meningitis (CM) is associated with substantial mortality in HIV-infected patients. Optimal timing of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in persons with CM represents a clinical challenge, and the burden of CM in Latin America has not been well described. Studies suggest that early ART initiation is associated with higher mortality, but data from the Americas are scarce. METHODS HIV-infected adults in care between 1985-2014 at participating sites in the Latin America (the Caribbean, Central and South America network (CCASAnet)) and the Vanderbilt Comprehensive Care Clinic (VCCC) and who had CM were included. Survival probabilities were estimated. Risk of death when initiating ART within the first 2 weeks after CM diagnosis versus initiating between 2-8 weeks was assessed using dynamic marginal structural models adjusting for site, age, sex, year of CM, CD4 count, and route of HIV transmission. FINDINGS 340 patients were included (Argentina 58, Brazil 138, Chile 28, Honduras 27, Mexico 34, VCCC 55) and 142 (42%) died during the observation period. Among 151 patients with CM prior to ART 56 (37%) patients died compared to 86 (45%) of 189 with CM after ART initiation (p=0.14). Patients diagnosed with CM after ART had a higher risk of death (p=0.03, log-rank test). The probability of survival was not statistically different between patients who started ART within 2 weeks of CM (7/24, 29%) vs. those initiating between 2-8 weeks (14/53, 26%) (p=0.96), potentially due to lack of power. INTERPRETATION In this large Latin-American cohort, patients with CM had very high mortality rates, especially those diagnosed after ART initiation. This study reflects the overwhelming burden of CM in HIV-infected patients in Latin America.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Crabtree Ramírez
- Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Y Caro Vega
- Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán Mexico City, Mexico
| | - B E Shepherd
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - C Le
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - M Turner
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - C Frola
- Fundación Huésped, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - B Grinsztejn
- Instituto de Pesquisa Clinica Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - C Cortes
- Universidad de Chile, Fundación Arriarán, Santiago, Chile
| | - D Padgett
- Instituto Hondureño de Seguridad Social and Hospital Escuela, Tegucigalpa, Honduras
| | - T R Sterling
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - C C McGowan
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - A Person
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States
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Fanwei QU, Yanling J, Chongsuvivatwong V, Liabsuetrakul T, Yan L, Le C, Runsheng J. Rural Health Care Workers and Local Residents Health Status in Yulong County of Yunnan Province China and Hat Yai City of Songkhla Mansion Thailand. JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc 2017; 56:168-174. [PMID: 28598457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To compare health status between Hat Yai city of Songkhla Province in Thailand and Yulong county of Yunnan province in China about rural health care workers and local residents, analyzing of both differences, learning from the advanced experience and practice of Thailand, adjusting policy, especially for the implementation of measures to improve the lack of human resources construction of Yulong County rural health, promote the level of rural health service of Lijiang. METHODS A qualitative study consisting of focus group discussions and individual in-depth interviews were conducted in Rural Health Care Workers and Local Residents Health Status in Yulong County of Yunnan Province China and Hat Yai City of Songkhla Mansion Thailand from. RESULTS Compared to 41(100%) bachelor's degree of medical staffs in Hat Yai, this accounted only 94 (42%) bachelor's degree of medical staffs in Yulong county hospital, and 31 (12%)in townships hospitals. For medical workers in Hat Yai, they have at least one time on-job training per year, but for Yulong county, only 144 (29%)of the medical personnel participated in the training per year. Health expenditures of Yulong county was mainly borne by the local government, and medical insurance coverage rate is 217,107 (99%). Insurance average awareness of Hat Yai is 4449 (66.4%), Yulong County is 62,501 (28.5%), P<0.001, there are statistically significant differences between two cities. CONCLUSIONS Thailand has good experience in training, well-paid, motivating and retaining talent for rural health human resources; multi-pronged, mechanism innovation, establish and perfect the system of human resources for health, is the essential way to solve the problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q U Fanwei
- Kunming Medical University,1168 West Chunrong Road, Yuhua Avenue, Chenggong District, Kunming 650500, Yunnan,P.R. China
| | - J Yanling
- Kunming Medical University,1168 West Chunrong Road, Yuhua Avenue, Chenggong District, Kunming 650500, Yunnan,P.R. China
| | - V Chongsuvivatwong
- Epidemiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - T Liabsuetrakul
- Epidemiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - L Yan
- Kunming Medical University,1168 West Chunrong Road, Yuhua Avenue, Chenggong District, Kunming 650500, Yunnan,P.R. China
| | - C Le
- Kunming Medical University,1168 West Chunrong Road, Yuhua Avenue, Chenggong District, Kunming 650500, Yunnan,P.R. China
| | - J Runsheng
- Kunming Medical University,1168 West Chunrong Road, Yuhua Avenue, Chenggong District, Kunming 650500, Yunnan,P.R. China
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Demaria M, O'Leary MN, Chang J, Shao L, Liu S, Alimirah F, Koenig K, Le C, Mitin N, Deal AM, Alston S, Academia EC, Kilmarx S, Valdovinos A, Wang B, de Bruin A, Kennedy BK, Melov S, Zhou D, Sharpless NE, Muss H, Campisi J. Cellular Senescence Promotes Adverse Effects of Chemotherapy and Cancer Relapse. Cancer Discov 2016; 7:165-176. [PMID: 27979832 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-16-0241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 771] [Impact Index Per Article: 96.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Revised: 12/03/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Cellular senescence suppresses cancer by irreversibly arresting cell proliferation. Senescent cells acquire a proinflammatory senescence-associated secretory phenotype. Many genotoxic chemotherapies target proliferating cells nonspecifically, often with adverse reactions. In accord with prior work, we show that several chemotherapeutic drugs induce senescence of primary murine and human cells. Using a transgenic mouse that permits tracking and eliminating senescent cells, we show that therapy-induced senescent (TIS) cells persist and contribute to local and systemic inflammation. Eliminating TIS cells reduced several short- and long-term effects of the drugs, including bone marrow suppression, cardiac dysfunction, cancer recurrence, and physical activity and strength. Consistent with our findings in mice, the risk of chemotherapy-induced fatigue was significantly greater in humans with increased expression of a senescence marker in T cells prior to chemotherapy. These findings suggest that senescent cells can cause certain chemotherapy side effects, providing a new target to reduce the toxicity of anticancer treatments. SIGNIFICANCE Many genotoxic chemotherapies have debilitating side effects and also induce cellular senescence in normal tissues. The senescent cells remain chronically present where they can promote local and systemic inflammation that causes or exacerbates many side effects of the chemotherapy. Cancer Discov; 7(2); 165-76. ©2016 AACR.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 115.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Demaria
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California. .,European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Jianhui Chang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Lijian Shao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Su Liu
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California
| | | | - Kristin Koenig
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California
| | - Catherine Le
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California
| | - Natalia Mitin
- HealthSpan Diagnostics, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Allison M Deal
- The Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Medicine, The University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Shani Alston
- The Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Medicine, The University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | | | - Sumner Kilmarx
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California
| | | | - Boshi Wang
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Alain de Bruin
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Simon Melov
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California
| | - Daohong Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Norman E Sharpless
- The Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Medicine, The University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Hyman Muss
- The Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Medicine, The University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Judith Campisi
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California. .,Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Life Sciences Division, Berkeley, California
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Abstract
Abstract
Background. Korean American women have one of the highest breast cancer mortality rates and lowest breast cancer screening rates among American women. In response to the need to enhance breast cancer screening, this study aims to develop and test a 7-day mobile phone application (app)-based Mammogram (mMammogram) intervention designed to promote breast cancer screening among Korean American women. To date, mobile app technology has not been used for mammogram promotion.
Methods. Using FBM Model, we developed a mammogram intervention designed to increase knowledge of breast cancer screening, intent to receive mammogram, and the receipt of a mammogram. A series of focus groups were conducted to inform the development of the intervention. A randomized controlled trial was conducted with baseline, one week post-intervention, and 6-month follow-up testing among 120 Korean American women who were aged 40 and older and had not had mammograms within the last 2 years. The intervention group (60) received an individually and culturally tailored text messages via mobile app with health navigation services. The control group (60) received a brochure including information on breast cancer, screening guidelines, and a list of clinics that offer low-cost or free mammography without health navigation services.
Results. At one week post-test, statistically significant between-group differences were found; intervention subjects reported higher scores of knowledge in breast cancer and screening guideline than subjects in control group (mean differences: 1.70, p < 0.05). No statistical between group differences identified in intention to receive screening. However, significant between-group difference was found in the receipt of mammogram at 6-month follow-up test; 40.0% (24/60) of the intervention group received mammograms whereas 25.0% (15/60) of the brochure group received mammograms after intervention (p < 0.05). 100% of the participants expressed satisfaction with the intervention and 98.3% reported that they would recommend the program to their friends.
Conclusions. This study provides evidence of the effectiveness and feasibility of the mammogram intervention with health navigation services in promoting breast cancer screening. Mobile application-based intervention is a promising tool to increase both knowledge and receipt of mammograms. Given the widespread usage of mobile phone among minority populations, a mobile phone-based health intervention could be an effective method of reaching hard-to-recruit populations with high breast cancer burden, using individually tailored messages that cover broad content areas and overcome restrictions to place and time of delivery.
Citation Format: Lee HY, Le C, Ghebre R, Yee D. Mobile phone multimedia messaging intervention for breast cancer screening. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-08-03.
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Affiliation(s)
- HY Lee
- University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN
| | - C Le
- University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN
| | - R Ghebre
- University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN
| | - D Yee
- University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN
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Le C, Lake J, Tseng CH, Hulgan T. Urine Eicosanoids in HIV-Infected Adults with Suppressed HIV RNA on Antiretroviral Therapy (ART): A Combined Cross-Sectional Analysis of Three Cohorts. Open Forum Infect Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofv131.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Raymond WW, Xu X, Nimishakavi S, Le C, McDonald DM, Caughey GH. Regulation of hepatocyte growth factor in mice with pneumonia by peptidases and trans-alveolar flux. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0125797. [PMID: 25938594 PMCID: PMC4418689 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0125797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) promotes lung epithelial repair after injury. Because prior studies established that human neutrophil proteases inactivate HGF in vitro, we predicted that HGF levels decrease in lungs infiltrated with neutrophils and that injury is less severe in lungs lacking HGF-inactivating proteases. After establishing that mouse neutrophil elastase cleaves mouse HGF in vitro, we tested our predictions in vivo by examining lung pathology and HGF in mice infected with Mycoplasma pulmonis, which causes neutrophilic tracheobronchitis and pneumonia. Unexpectedly, pneumonia severity was similar in wild type and dipeptidylpeptidase I-deficient (Dppi-/-) mice lacking neutrophil serine protease activity. To assess how this finding related to our prediction that Dppi-activated proteases regulate HGF levels, we measured HGF in serum, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and lung tissue from Dppi+/+ and Dppi-/- mice. Contrary to prediction, HGF levels were higher in lavage fluid from infected mice. However, serum and tissue concentrations were not different in infected and uninfected mice, and HGF lung transcript levels did not change. Increased HGF correlated with increased albumin in lavage fluid from infected mice, and immunostaining failed to detect increased lung tissue expression of HGF in infected mice. These findings are consistent with trans-alveolar flux rather than local production as the source of increased HGF in lavage fluid. However, levels of intact HGF from infected mice, normalized for albumin concentration, were two-fold higher in Dppi-/- versus Dppi+/+ lavage fluid, suggesting regulation by Dppi-activated proteases. Consistent with the presence of active HGF, increased expression of activated receptor c-Met was observed in infected tissues. These data suggest that HGF entering alveoli from the bloodstream during pneumonia compensates for destruction by Dppi-activated inflammatory proteases to allow HGF to contribute to epithelial repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilfred W. Raymond
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Xiang Xu
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Shilpa Nimishakavi
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Catherine Le
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Donald M. McDonald
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - George H. Caughey
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Northern California Institute for Research and Education, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Floriano PN, Abram T, Taylor L, Le C, Talavera H, Nguyen M, Raja R, Gillenwater A, McDevitt J, Vigneswaran N. Programmable bio-nanochip-based cytologic testing of oral potentially malignant disorders in Fanconi anemia. Oral Dis 2015; 21:593-601. [PMID: 25662766 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Fanconi anemia (FA) is caused by mutations of DNA repair genes. The risk of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) among FA patients is 800-folds higher than in the general population. Early detection of OSCC, preferably at it precursor stage, is critical in FA patients to improve their survival. In an ongoing clinical trial, we are evaluating the effectiveness of the programmable bio-nanochip (p-BNC)-based oral cytology test in diagnosing oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) in non-FA patients. We used this test to compare cytomorphometric and molecular biomarkers in OSCC cell lines derived from FA and non-FA patients to brush biopsy samples of a FA patient with OPMD and normal mucosa of healthy volunteers. Our data showed that expression patterns of molecular biomarkers were not notably different between sporadic and FA-OSCC cell lines. The p-BNC assay revealed significant differences in cytometric parameters and biomarker MCM2 expression between cytobrush samples of the FA patient and cytobrush samples of normal oral mucosa obtained from healthy volunteers. Microscopic examination of the FA patient's OPMD confirmed the presence of dysplasia. Our pilot data suggests that the p-BNC brush biopsy test recognized dysplastic oral epithelial cells in a brush biopsy sample of a FA patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- P N Floriano
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - T Abram
- Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - L Taylor
- Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - C Le
- Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - M Nguyen
- Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - R Raja
- Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - A Gillenwater
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - N Vigneswaran
- The University of Texas School of Dentistry at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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Le C, Guppy KH, Axelrod YV, Hawk MW, Silverthorn J, Inacio MC, Akins PT. Lower complication rates for cranioplasty with peri-operative bundle. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2014; 120:41-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2014.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Revised: 12/04/2013] [Accepted: 02/17/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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James LR, Le C, Doherty H, Kim HS, Maeda N. Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) expression modulates response to high glucose. PLoS One 2013; 8:e70441. [PMID: 23950936 PMCID: PMC3741286 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0070441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2010] [Accepted: 06/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) is an important mediator of fibrosis; emerging evidence link changes in plasma and urinary CTGF levels to diabetic kidney disease. To further ascertain the role of CTGF in responses to high glucose, we assessed the consequence of 4 months of streptozotocin-induced diabetes in wild type (+/+) and CTGF heterozygous (+/−) mice. Subsequently, we studied the influence of glucose on gene expression and protein in mice embryonic fibroblasts (MEF) cells derived from wildtype and heterozygous mice. At study initiation, plasma glucose, creatinine, triglyceride and cholesterol levels were similar between non-diabetic CTGF+/+ and CTGF+/− mice. In the diabetic state, plasma glucose levels were increased in CTGF+/+ and CTGF+/− mice (28.2 3.3 mmol/L vs 27.0 3.1 mmol/L), plasma triglyceride levels were lower in CTGF+/− mice than in CTGF+/+ (0.7 0.2 mmol/L vs 0.5 0.1 mmol/L, p<0.05), but cholesterol was essentially unchanged in both groups. Plasma creatinine was higher in diabetic CTGF+/+ group (11.7±1.2 vs 7.9±0.6 µmol/L p<0.01), while urinary albumin excretion and mesangial expansion were reduced in diabetic CTGF+/− animals. Cortices from diabetic mice (both CTGF +/+ and CTGF +/−) manifested higher expression of CTGF and thrombospondin 1 (TSP1). Expression of nephrin was reduced in CTGF +/+ animals; this reduction was attenuated in CTGF+/− group. In cultured MEF from CTGF+/+ mice, glucose (25 mM) increased expression of pro-collagens 1, IV and XVIII as well as fibronectin and thrombospondin 1 (TSP1). In contrast, activation of these genes by high glucose was attenuated in CTGF+/− MEF. We conclude that induction of Ctgf mediates expression of extracellular matrix proteins in diabetic kidney. Thus, genetic variability in CTGF expression directly modulates the severity of diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leighton R James
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Jacksonville, Florida, USA.
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Bednarski JJ, Le C, Murray L, Hayashi R, Yu L, Dalal J, Kamani N, Jacobsohn DA, Pulsipher MA, Petrovic A, Chan KW, Grimley M, Haut P, Adams R, Douglas D, Chaudhury S, Gilman A, Jaroscak J, Andreansky M, Schultz KR, Willert JR, Shenoy S. Immune Reconstitution Following Reduced Intensity Stem Cell Transplantation for Non-Malignant Disorders in Children. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2012.11.218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Chen CS, Biasca M, Le C, Chen EYT, Hirleman ED, Chin WC. Determine the quality of human embryonic stem colonies with laser light scattering patterns. Biol Proced Online 2013; 15:2. [PMID: 23316759 PMCID: PMC3560278 DOI: 10.1186/1480-9222-15-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2012] [Accepted: 01/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background With the prompt developments of regenerative medicine, the potential clinical applications of human embryonic stem cells have attracted intense attention. However, the labor-intensive and complex manual cell selection processes required during embryonic stem cell culturing have seriously limited large-scale production and broad applications. Thus, availability of a label-free, non-invasive platform to replace the current cumbersome manual selection has become a critical need. Results A non-invasive, label-free, and time-efficient optical platform for determining the quality of human embryonic stem cell colonies was developed by analyzing the scattering signals from those stem cell colonies. Additionally, confocal microscopy revealed that the cell colony morphology and surface structures were correlated with the resulting characteristic light scattering patterns. Standard immunostaining assay (Oct-4) was also utilized to validate the quality-determination from this light scattering protocol. The platform developed here can therefore provide identification accuracy of up to 87% for colony determination. Conclusions Our study here demonstrated that light scattering patterns can serve as a feasible alternative approach to replace conventional manual selection for human embryonic stem cell cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Shuo Chen
- Bioengineering, School of Engineering, University of California, Merced, CA, USA.
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Chen CS, Soni S, Le C, Biasca M, Farr E, Chen EYT, Chin WC. Human stem cell neuronal differentiation on silk-carbon nanotube composite. Nanoscale Res Lett 2012; 7:126. [PMID: 22333433 PMCID: PMC3292945 DOI: 10.1186/1556-276x-7-126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2011] [Accepted: 02/14/2012] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Human embryonic stem cells [hESCs] are able to differentiate into specific lineages corresponding to regulated spatial and temporal signals. This unique attribute holds great promise for regenerative medicine and cell-based therapy for many human diseases such as spinal cord injury [SCI] and multiple sclerosis [MS]. Carbon nanotubes [CNTs] have been successfully used to promote neuronal differentiation, and silk has been widely applied in tissue engineering. This study aims to build silk-CNT composite scaffolds for improved neuron differentiation efficiency from hESCs.Two neuronal markers (β-III tubulin and nestin) were utilized to determine the hESC neuronal lineage differentiation. In addition, axonal lengths were measured to evaluate the progress of neuronal development. The results demonstrated that cells on silk-CNT scaffolds have a higher β-III tubulin and nestin expression, suggesting augmented neuronal differentiation. In addition, longer axons with higher density were found to associate with silk-CNT scaffolds.Our silk-CNT-based composite scaffolds can promote neuronal differentiation of hESCs. The silk-CNT composite scaffolds developed here can serve as efficient supporting matrices for stem cell-derived neuronal transplants, offering a promising opportunity for nerve repair treatments for SCI and MS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Shuo Chen
- Bioengineering Program, School of Engineering, University of California, Merced, CA, USA
| | - Sushant Soni
- Bioengineering Program, School of Engineering, University of California, Merced, CA, USA
| | - Catherine Le
- School of Nature Sciences, University of California, Merced, CA, USA
| | - Matthew Biasca
- School of Nature Sciences, University of California, Merced, CA, USA
| | - Erik Farr
- School of Nature Sciences, University of California, Merced, CA, USA
| | - Eric Y-T Chen
- Bioengineering Program, School of Engineering, University of California, Merced, CA, USA
| | - Wei-Chun Chin
- Bioengineering Program, School of Engineering, University of California, Merced, CA, USA
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Le C, Wu JH, Deng SB, Li P, Wang XD, Zhu NW, Wu PX. Effects of common dissolved anions on the reduction of para-chloronitrobenzene by zero-valent iron in groundwater. Water Sci Technol 2011; 63:1485-1490. [PMID: 21508554 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2011.392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Batch tests were conducted to evaluate the influences of several common dissolved anions in groundwater on the reduction of para-chloronitrobenzene (p-CNB) by zero-valent iron (ZVI). The results showed that p-CNB reduction was enhanced by both Cl(-) and SO(4)(2-). HCO(3)(-) could either improve or inhibit p-CNB reduction, depending on whether the mixing speed was intense enough to rapidly eliminate Fe-carbonate complex deposited on ZVI surface. Above a concentration of 100 mg L(-1), NO(3)(-) increased the p-CNB reduction rate. The reduction rate by ClO(4)(-) decreased because the ClO(4)(-) competed with p-CNB for electrons. The p-CNB reduction was inhibited by PO(4)(3-), SiO(3)(2-) and humic acid, in the order humic acid < PO(4)(3-) < SiO(3)(2-), since these ions could form inner-sphere complexes on iron surface. The reaction even ceased when the ion concentrations were greater than 4, 0.5, and 30 mg L(-1), respectively. The results indicated that common dissolved anions in groundwater should be taken into account when ZVI is applied for contaminated groundwater remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Le
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Cazenave JP, Folléa G, Bardiaux L, Boiron JM, Lafeuillade B, Debost M, Lioure B, Harousseau JL, Tabrizi R, Cahn JY, Michallet M, Ambruso D, Schots R, Tissot JD, Sensebé L, Kondo T, McCullough J, Rebulla P, Escolar G, Mintz P, Heddle N, Goodrich R, Bruhwyler J, Le C, Cook R, Stouch B. A randomized controlled clinical trial evaluating the performance and safety of platelets treated with MIRASOL pathogen reduction technology. Transfusion 2010; 50:2362-75. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2010.02694.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Le C, Zha Y, Li Y, Sun D, Lu H, Yin B. Eutrophication of lake waters in China: cost, causes, and control. Environ Manage 2010; 45:662-8. [PMID: 20177679 DOI: 10.1007/s00267-010-9440-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2008] [Accepted: 01/09/2010] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Lake water eutrophication has become one of the most important factors impeding sustainable economic development in China. Knowledge of the current status of lake water eutrophication and determination of its mechanism are prerequisites to devising a sound solution to the problem. Based on reviewing the literature, this paper elaborates on the evolutional process and current state of shallow inland lake water eutrophication in China. The mechanism of lake water eutrophication is explored from nutrient sources. In light of the identified mechanism strategies are proposed to control and tackle lake water eutrophication. This review reveals that water eutrophication in most lakes was initiated in the 1980s when the national economy underwent rapid development. At present, the problem of water eutrophication is still serious, with frequent occurrence of damaging algal blooms, which have disrupted the normal supply of drinking water in shore cities. Each destructive bloom caused a direct economic loss valued at billions of yuan. Nonpoint pollution sources, namely, waste discharge from agricultural fields and nutrients released from floor deposits, are identified as the two major sources of nitrogen and phosphorus. Therefore, all control and rehabilitation measures of lake water eutrophication should target these nutrient sources. Biological measures are recommended to rehabilitate eutrophied lake waters and restore the lake ecosystem in order to bring the problem under control.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Le
- Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Geographic Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210046, People's Republic of China.
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Abstract
Cells exposed to high glucose may undergo hypertrophy, proliferation, and apoptosis, but the role of hexosamine flux in mediating these effects has not been fully elucidated. Accordingly, we studied the effects of glucose and glucosamine on rat glomerular mesangial cells (MC) turnover. Compared with physiological glucose (5.6 mM), treatment with high glucose (25 mM) for 24 h stimulated MC proliferation, an effect that was mimicked by exposure to low concentrations of glucosamine (0.05 mM). The percentage of cells in G(0)/G(1) phase of the cell cycle was reduced with a concomitant increase of the number of cells in G(2)/M phase. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen, phosphorylated mammalian target of rapamycin [phospho-mTOR (Ser(2448))], and total regulatory-associated protein of mTOR were increased by high glucose and glucosamine treatment. Inhibition of glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFAT), the rate-limiting enzyme for hexosamine flux, with 6-diazo-5-oxonorleucine (10 muM) and of mTOR with rapamycin both attenuated glucose-mediated MC proliferation. Higher glucosamine concentrations (0.25-10 mM) caused MC apoptosis after 48 h, and, in addition, GFAT overexpression also increased MC apoptosis (TdT-dUTP nick end-labeling-positive cells: 3.8 +/- 0.3 vs. 1.1 +/- 0.2% for empty vector; P < 0.05). Hence, hexosamine flux is an important determinant of MC proliferation and apoptosis. The proliferative response to high glucose and hexosamine flux is rapamycin-sensitive, suggesting that this effect is associated with signaling through rapamycin-sensitive mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Leighton R James
- Dept. of Medicine, Nephrology Division, Univ. of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75390-8856, USA.
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Drmanac R, Sparks AB, Callow MJ, Halpern AL, Burns NL, Kermani BG, Carnevali P, Nazarenko I, Nilsen GB, Yeung G, Dahl F, Fernandez A, Staker B, Pant KP, Baccash J, Borcherding AP, Brownley A, Cedeno R, Chen L, Chernikoff D, Cheung A, Chirita R, Curson B, Ebert JC, Hacker CR, Hartlage R, Hauser B, Huang S, Jiang Y, Karpinchyk V, Koenig M, Kong C, Landers T, Le C, Liu J, McBride CE, Morenzoni M, Morey RE, Mutch K, Perazich H, Perry K, Peters BA, Peterson J, Pethiyagoda CL, Pothuraju K, Richter C, Rosenbaum AM, Roy S, Shafto J, Sharanhovich U, Shannon KW, Sheppy CG, Sun M, Thakuria JV, Tran A, Vu D, Zaranek AW, Wu X, Drmanac S, Oliphant AR, Banyai WC, Martin B, Ballinger DG, Church GM, Reid CA. Human Genome Sequencing Using Unchained Base Reads on Self-Assembling DNA Nanoarrays. Science 2009; 327:78-81. [DOI: 10.1126/science.1181498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 962] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Hernando E, Sarmentero-Estrada J, Koppie T, Belda-Iniesta C, Ramírez de Molina V, Cejas P, Ozu C, Le C, Sánchez JJ, González-Barón M, Koutcher J, Cordón-Cardó C, Bochner BH, Lacal JC, Ramírez de Molina A. A critical role for choline kinase-alpha in the aggressiveness of bladder carcinomas. Oncogene 2009; 28:2425-35. [PMID: 19448670 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2009.91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Bladder cancer is one of the most common causes of death in industrialized countries. New tumor markers and therapeutic approaches are still needed to improve the management of bladder cancer patients. Choline kinase-alpha (ChoKalpha) is a metabolic enzyme that has a role in cell proliferation and transformation. Inhibitors of ChoKalpha show antitumoral activity and are expected to be introduced soon in clinical trials. This study aims to assess whether ChoKalpha plays a role in the aggressiveness of bladder tumors and constitutes a new approach for bladder cancer treatment. We show here that ChoKalpha is constitutively altered in human bladder tumor cells. Furthermore, in vivo murine models, including an orthotopic model to mimic as much as possible the physiological conditions, revealed that increased levels of ChoKalpha potentiate both tumor formation (P< or =0.0001) and aggressiveness of the disease on different end points (P=0.011). Accordingly, increased levels of ChoKalpha significantly reduce survival of mice with bladder cancer (P=0.05). Finally, treatment with a ChoKalpha-specific inhibitor resulted in a significant inhibition of tumor growth (P=0.02) and in a relevant increase in survival (P=0.03).
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Affiliation(s)
- E Hernando
- Molecular Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
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Liegl B, Kepten I, Le C, Zhu M, Demetri GD, Heinrich MC, Fletcher CDM, Corless CL, Fletcher JA. Heterogeneity of kinase inhibitor resistance mechanisms in GIST. J Pathol 2008; 216:64-74. [PMID: 18623623 DOI: 10.1002/path.2382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 317] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Most GIST patients develop clinical resistance to KIT/PDGFRA tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI). However, it is unclear whether clinical resistance results from single or multiple molecular mechanisms in each patient. KIT and PDGFRA mutations were evaluated in 53 GIST metastases obtained from 14 patients who underwent surgical debulking after progression on imatinib or sunitinib. To interrogate possible resistance mechanisms across a broad biological spectrum of GISTs, inter- and intra-lesional heterogeneity of molecular drug-resistance mechanisms were evaluated in the following: conventional KIT (CD117)-positive GISTs with KIT mutations in exon 9, 11 or 13; KIT-negative GISTs; GISTs with unusual morphology; and KIT/PDGFRA wild-type GISTs. Genomic KIT and PDGFRA mutations were characterized systematically, using complementary techniques including D-HPLC for KIT exons 9, 11-18 and PDGFRA exons 12, 14, 18, and mutation-specific PCR (V654A, D820G, N822K, Y823D). Primary KIT oncogenic mutations were found in 11/14 patients (79%). Of these, 9/11 (83%), had secondary drug-resistant KIT mutations, including six (67%) with two to five different secondary mutations in separate metastases, and three (34%) with two secondary KIT mutations in the same metastasis. The secondary mutations clustered in the KIT ATP binding pocket and kinase catalytic regions. FISH analyses revealed KIT amplicons in 2/10 metastases lacking secondary KIT mutations. This study demonstrates extensive intra- and inter-lesional heterogeneity of resistance mutations and gene amplification in patients with clinically progressing GIST. KIT kinase resistance mutations were not found in KIT/PDGFRA wild-type GISTs or in KIT-mutant GISTs showing unusual morphology and/or loss of KIT expression by IHC, indicating that resistance mechanisms are fundamentally different in these tumours. Our observations underscore the heterogeneity of clinical TKI resistance, and highlight the therapeutic challenges involved in salvaging patients after clinical progression on TKI monotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Liegl
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Liegl B, Kepten I, Le C, Zhu M, Demetri GD, Heinrich MC, Fletcher CDM, Corless CL, Fletcher JA. Heterogeneity of kinase inhibitor resistance mechanisms in GIST. J Pathol 2008. [PMID: 21660972 DOI: 10.1002/path] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Most GIST patients develop clinical resistance to KIT/PDGFRA tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI). However, it is unclear whether clinical resistance results from single or multiple molecular mechanisms in each patient. KIT and PDGFRA mutations were evaluated in 53 GIST metastases obtained from 14 patients who underwent surgical debulking after progression on imatinib or sunitinib. To interrogate possible resistance mechanisms across a broad biological spectrum of GISTs, inter- and intra-lesional heterogeneity of molecular drug-resistance mechanisms were evaluated in the following: conventional KIT (CD117)-positive GISTs with KIT mutations in exon 9, 11 or 13; KIT-negative GISTs; GISTs with unusual morphology; and KIT/PDGFRA wild-type GISTs. Genomic KIT and PDGFRA mutations were characterized systematically, using complementary techniques including D-HPLC for KIT exons 9, 11-18 and PDGFRA exons 12, 14, 18, and mutation-specific PCR (V654A, D820G, N822K, Y823D). Primary KIT oncogenic mutations were found in 11/14 patients (79%). Of these, 9/11 (83%), had secondary drug-resistant KIT mutations, including six (67%) with two to five different secondary mutations in separate metastases, and three (34%) with two secondary KIT mutations in the same metastasis. The secondary mutations clustered in the KIT ATP binding pocket and kinase catalytic regions. FISH analyses revealed KIT amplicons in 2/10 metastases lacking secondary KIT mutations. This study demonstrates extensive intra- and inter-lesional heterogeneity of resistance mutations and gene amplification in patients with clinically progressing GIST. KIT kinase resistance mutations were not found in KIT/PDGFRA wild-type GISTs or in KIT-mutant GISTs showing unusual morphology and/or loss of KIT expression by IHC, indicating that resistance mechanisms are fundamentally different in these tumours. Our observations underscore the heterogeneity of clinical TKI resistance, and highlight the therapeutic challenges involved in salvaging patients after clinical progression on TKI monotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Liegl
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Huang M, Zhang M, Chang J, Le C, Zanzonico P, Humm J, Koutcher J, Ling C. TU-D-332-08: Gd-DTPA DCE-MRI Assisted Image-Guided PO2 Measurements in Rodent Tumor Xenografts. Med Phys 2008. [DOI: 10.1118/1.2962599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Zhang M, Huang M, Le C, Zanzonico P, Claus F, Kolbert K, Martin K, Ling C, Koutcher J, Humm J. TU-C-332-07: Accuracy and Reproducibility of Tumor Position During Prolonged and Multi-Modality Animal Imaging Studies. Med Phys 2008. [DOI: 10.1118/1.2962526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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