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Lin X, Lei XQ, Yang JK, Jia J, Zhong X, Tan RZ, Wang L. Astragalus mongholicus Bunge and Panax notoginseng formula (A&P) improves renal mesangial cell damage in diabetic nephropathy by inhibiting the inflammatory response of infiltrated macrophages. BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:17. [PMID: 35057768 PMCID: PMC8781170 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-021-03477-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the main causes of end-stage renal disease with scantly effective treatment. Numerous evidences indicated that macrophages play an important role in the occurrence and pathogenesis of DN by secreting inflammatory cytokines. Mincle is mainly expressed in macrophages and promotes kidney inflammation and damage of acute kidney injury. However, the role of Mincle in DN is unclear. In this study, we aim to investigate the effect of Mincle-related macrophage inflammation on DN, and whether it can be identified as the therapeutic target for Astragalus mongholicus Bunge and Panax notoginseng Formula (A&P), a widely used Chinese herbal decoction for DN treatment. METHODS In vivo experiments high-fat and high-sugar diet and streptozotocin was used to establish a diabetic nephropathy model, while in vitro experiments inflammation model was induced by high-glucose in mouse Bone Marrow-Derived Macrophages (BMDM) cells and mouse mesangial (MES) cells. Kidney pathological staining is used to detect kidney tissue damage and inflammation, Western blotting, Real-time PCR and ELISA are performed to detect Mincle signaling pathway related proteins and inflammatory cytokines. RESULTS Mincle was mainly expressed in infiltrated macrophage of DN kidney, and was significant decreased after A&P administration. The in vitro experiments also proved that A&P effectively down-regulated the expression of Mincle in macrophage stimulated by high glucose. Meanwhile, the data demonstrated that A&P can reduce the activation of NFκB, and the expression and secretion of inflammatory cytokines in DN kidney or BMDM cells. Notably, we set up a co-culture system to conform that BMDM cells can aggravate the inflammatory response of mesangial (MES) cells under high glucose stimulation. Furthermore, we found that the anti-injury role of A&P in MES cells was dependent on inhibition of the Mincle in macrophage. CONCLUSION In summary, our study found that A&P is effective in reducing renal pathological damage and improving renal function and inflammation in diabetic nephropathy by a mechanism mainly related to the inhibition of the Mincle/Card9/NFκB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Lin
- Research Center of Intergated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, 319# zhongshan road, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiao-Qin Lei
- Research Center of Intergated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, 319# zhongshan road, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Jie-Ke Yang
- Research Center of Intergated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, 319# zhongshan road, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Jian Jia
- Research Center of Intergated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, 319# zhongshan road, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Xia Zhong
- Research Center of Intergated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, 319# zhongshan road, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Rui-Zhi Tan
- Research Center of Intergated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, 319# zhongshan road, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
| | - Li Wang
- Research Center of Intergated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Traditional Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, 319# zhongshan road, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
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Li H, Sun F, Bai S, Chang G, Wu R, Wei Y, Wen X, Xi Y, Hao J, Zaid A. The DR1‑CSE/H 2S system inhibits renal fibrosis by downregulating the ERK1/2 signaling pathway in diabetic mice. Int J Mol Med 2022; 49:7. [PMID: 34779492 PMCID: PMC8651227 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.5062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Glomerular mesangial cell (MC) proliferation and extracellular matrix deposition are the main pathological changes in diabetic nephropathy. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) inhibits the proliferation of MCs. Dopamine 1 receptors (DR1) are expressed in MCs and serve important physiological roles. However, it is unclear whether DR1 activation inhibits MC proliferation by increasing endogenous H2S. The present study found that the production of H2S and the expression of DR1 and cystathionine‑γ‑lyase (CSE) were decreased in the renal tissues of diabetic mice and high glucose (HG)‑induced MCs. SKF38393 (a DR1 agonist) increased the production of H2S and the expression of DR1 and CSE and NaHS (an exogenous H2S donor) only increased H2S production and CSE expression but not DR1 expression. HG increased the thickness of the glomerular basement membrane, cell viability and proliferation, the expression of cyclin D1, PCNA, collagen 1 and α‑smooth muscle actin and the activity of phosphorylated ERK1/2 and decreased the expression of P21 and MMP9. SKF38393 and NaHS reversed the effects of HG. PPG (a CSE inhibitor) abolished the beneficial effects of SKF38393. The beneficial effects of SKF38393 were similar to those of PD98059 (an ERK1/2 inhibitor). Taken together, the findings suggested that the DR1‑CSE/H2S pathway activation attenuated diabetic MC proliferation and extracellular matrix deposition by downregulating the ERK1/2 signaling pathway.
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MESH Headings
- 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine/pharmacology
- Animals
- Cell Line
- Cell Proliferation
- Collagen/metabolism
- Cystathionine gamma-Lyase/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/pathology
- Female
- Fibrosis
- Glucose/pharmacology
- Hydrogen Sulfide/metabolism
- Kidney/metabolism
- Kidney/pathology
- MAP Kinase Signaling System/physiology
- Male
- Mesangial Cells/drug effects
- Mesangial Cells/pathology
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Receptors, Dopamine D1/agonists
- Receptors, Dopamine D1/metabolism
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongzhu Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361100, P.R. China
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Fengqi Sun
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Shuzhi Bai
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Guiquan Chang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Ren Wu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Yaxin Wei
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Xin Wen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Yuxin Xi
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Jinghui Hao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Altaany Zaid
- Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid 21163, Jordan
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Zhao D, Guo J, Liu L, Huang Y. Rosiglitazone attenuates high glucose-induced proliferation, inflammation, oxidative stress and extracellular matrix accumulation in mouse mesangial cells through the Gm26917/miR-185-5p pathway. Endocr J 2021; 68:751-762. [PMID: 33790061 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej20-0783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Rosiglitazone (RSG) is widely used to reduce the amount of sugar in the blood of patients with diabetes mellitus. Diabetic nephropathy is the most common microvascular complication of diabetes. The role of RSG in diabetic nephropathy is not fully understood. Diabetic nephropathy model was constructed in high glucose (HG)-treated mouse mesangial cells. The effects of RSG on cell viability and cell cycle were investigated using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and flow cytometry assay. Oxidative stress was assessed according to ROS production and SOD activity in cells. Inflammatory responses were assessed according to the releases of inflammatory cytokines. Extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation was determined by the levels of fibronectin and collagen IV using western blot. The expression of Gm26917 and microRNA-185-5p (miR-185-5p) was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The interaction between Gm26917 and miR-185-5p was validated by dual-luciferase reporter assay, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay and pull-down assay. RSG significantly inhibited HG-induced proliferation, oxidative stress, inflammatory responses and ECM accumulation in mouse mesangial cells. The expression of Gm26917 was induced by HG but weakened by RSG. Gm26917 knockdown alleviated HG-induced proliferation, oxidative stress, inflammatory responses and ECM accumulation in mouse mesangial cells, and Gm26917 overexpression partly abolished the effects of RSG. Moreover, miR-185-5p was a target of Gm26917, and miR-185-5p inhibition recovered proliferation, oxidative stress, inflammatory responses and ECM accumulation in mouse mesangial cells that were alleviated by Gm26917 knockdown. RSG ameliorated HG-induced mouse mesangial cell proliferation, oxidative stress, inflammation and ECM accumulation partially by governing the Gm26917/miR-185-5p pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongbo Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University, Zhuhai, 519000, China
| | - Junli Guo
- Department of Nephrology, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University, Zhuhai, 519000, China
| | - Lingping Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University, Zhuhai, 519000, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University, Zhuhai, 519000, China
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Yoon JJ, Park JH, Lee YJ, Kim HY, Han BH, Jin HG, Kang DG, Lee HS. Protective Effects of Ethanolic Extract from Rhizome of Polygoni avicularis against Renal Fibrosis and Inflammation in a Diabetic Nephropathy Model. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7230. [PMID: 34281284 PMCID: PMC8267752 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22137230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Progressive diabetic nephropathy (DN) in diabetes leads to major morbidity and mortality. The major pathological alterations of DN include mesangial expansion, extracellular matrix alterations, tubulointerstitial fibrosis, and glomerular sclerosis. Polygoni avicularis is widely used in traditional oriental medicine and has long been used as a diuretic, astringent, insecticide and antihypertensive. However, to the best of the authors' knowledge, the effects of the ethanolic extract from rhizome of Polygoni avicularis (ER-PA) on DN have not yet been assessed. The present study aimed to identify the effect of ER-PA on renal dysfunction, which has been implicated in DN in human renal mesangial cells and db/db mice and investigate its mechanism of action. The in vivo experiment was performed using Polygoni avicularis-ethanol soluble fraction (ER-PA) and was administrated to db/db mice at 10 and 50 mg/kg dose. For the in vitro experiments, the human renal mesangial cells were induced by high glucose (HG, 25 mM). The ER-PA group showed significant amelioration in oral glucose tolerance, and insulin resistance index. ER-PA significantly improved the albumin excretion and markedly reduced plasma creatinine, kidney injury molecule-1 and C-reactive protein. In addition, ER-PA significantly suppressed inflammatory cytokines. Histopathologically, ER-PA attenuated glomerular expansion and tubular fibrosis in db/db mice. Furthermore, ER-PA suppressed the expression of renal fibrosis biomarkers (TGF and Collagen IV). ER-PA also reduced the NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 inflammatory factor level. These results suggest that ER-PA has a protective effect against renal dysfunction through improved insulin resistance as well as the inhibition of nephritis and fibrosis in DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Joo Yoon
- Hanbang Cardio-Renal Syndrome Research Center, Wonkwang University, Jeollabuk-do, Iksan 54538, Korea; (J.-J.Y.); (J.-H.P.); (Y.-J.L.); (H.-Y.K.); (B.-H.H.)
- College of Oriental Medicine and Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, Jeollabuk-do, Iksan 54538, Korea
| | - Ji-Hun Park
- Hanbang Cardio-Renal Syndrome Research Center, Wonkwang University, Jeollabuk-do, Iksan 54538, Korea; (J.-J.Y.); (J.-H.P.); (Y.-J.L.); (H.-Y.K.); (B.-H.H.)
- College of Oriental Medicine and Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, Jeollabuk-do, Iksan 54538, Korea
| | - Yun-Jung Lee
- Hanbang Cardio-Renal Syndrome Research Center, Wonkwang University, Jeollabuk-do, Iksan 54538, Korea; (J.-J.Y.); (J.-H.P.); (Y.-J.L.); (H.-Y.K.); (B.-H.H.)
- College of Oriental Medicine and Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, Jeollabuk-do, Iksan 54538, Korea
| | - Hye-Yoom Kim
- Hanbang Cardio-Renal Syndrome Research Center, Wonkwang University, Jeollabuk-do, Iksan 54538, Korea; (J.-J.Y.); (J.-H.P.); (Y.-J.L.); (H.-Y.K.); (B.-H.H.)
- College of Oriental Medicine and Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, Jeollabuk-do, Iksan 54538, Korea
| | - Byung-Hyuk Han
- Hanbang Cardio-Renal Syndrome Research Center, Wonkwang University, Jeollabuk-do, Iksan 54538, Korea; (J.-J.Y.); (J.-H.P.); (Y.-J.L.); (H.-Y.K.); (B.-H.H.)
- College of Oriental Medicine and Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, Jeollabuk-do, Iksan 54538, Korea
| | - Hong-Guang Jin
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Jeollabuk-do, Iksan 54538, Korea;
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang 332005, China
| | - Dae-Gill Kang
- Hanbang Cardio-Renal Syndrome Research Center, Wonkwang University, Jeollabuk-do, Iksan 54538, Korea; (J.-J.Y.); (J.-H.P.); (Y.-J.L.); (H.-Y.K.); (B.-H.H.)
- College of Oriental Medicine and Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, Jeollabuk-do, Iksan 54538, Korea
| | - Ho-Sub Lee
- Hanbang Cardio-Renal Syndrome Research Center, Wonkwang University, Jeollabuk-do, Iksan 54538, Korea; (J.-J.Y.); (J.-H.P.); (Y.-J.L.); (H.-Y.K.); (B.-H.H.)
- College of Oriental Medicine and Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, Jeollabuk-do, Iksan 54538, Korea
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Yu D, Yang X, Zhu Y, Xu F, Zhang H, Qiu Z. Knockdown of plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 (PVT1) inhibits high glucose-induced proliferation and renal fibrosis in HRMCs by regulating miR-23b-3p/early growth response factor 1 (EGR1). Endocr J 2021; 68:519-529. [PMID: 33408314 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej20-0642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to play critical role in the development of diabetic nephropathy (DN). However, the effects and mechanism of plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 (PVT1) remain poorly understood. The expression of PVT1, miR-23b-3p, early growth response factor 1 (EGR1), Fibronectin (FN), Collagen IV (Col IV), alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), E-cadherin, and vimentin, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 was examined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Cell proliferation was assessed by Cell Counting-8 (CCK-8) assay. Western blot assay was conducted to measure the protein levels of FN, Col IV, E-cadherin, α-SMA, vimentin, TGF-β1, and EGR1. The interaction between miR-23b-3p and PVT1 or EGR1 was predicted by starBase or TargetScan and confirmed by the dual luciferase reporter assay. The oxidative stress factors were analyzed by corresponding kits. We found that the expression of PVT1 and EGR1 was increased and miR-23b-3p was decreased in serum samples of DN patients and HG-induced HRMCs. Knockdown of PVT1 significantly inhibited HG-induced proliferation, extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and oxidative stress in HRMCs, while these effects were abated by inhibiting miR-23b-3p. In addition, EGR1 was confirmed as downstream target of miR-23b-3p and miR-23b-3p could specially bind to PVT1. Besides, downregulation of PVT1 inhibited the progression of DN partially via upregulating miR-23b-3p and downregulating EGR1. In conclusion, our results suggested that PVT1 knockdown suppressed DN progression though functioning as ceRNA of miR-23b-3p to regulate EGR1 expression in vitro, providing potential value for the treatment of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First People's Hospital of Lanzhou New District, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xiaohong Yang
- Department of Nursing, The First People's Hospital of Lanzhou New District, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yong Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First People's Hospital of Lanzhou New District, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Fenyan Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First People's Hospital of Lanzhou New District, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First People's Hospital of Lanzhou New District, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Zhiqiang Qiu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Lanzhou New District, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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Okamura M, Fukuda N, Horikoshi S, Kobayashi H, Tsunemi A, Akiya Y, Endo M, Matsumoto T, Abe M. Transcriptional Suppression of Diabetic Nephropathy with Novel Gene Silencer Pyrrole-Imidazole Polyamides Preventing USF1 Binding to the TGF-β1 Promoter. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094741. [PMID: 33947045 PMCID: PMC8125144 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Upstream stimulatory factor 1 (USF1) is a transcription factor that is increased in high-glucose conditions and activates the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 promoter. We examined the effects of synthetic pyrrole-imidazole (PI) polyamides in preventing USF1 binding on the TGF-β1 promoter in Wistar rats in which diabetic nephropathy was established by intravenous administration of streptozotocin (STZ). High glucose induced nuclear localization of USF1 in cultured mesangial cells (MCs). In MCs with high glucose, USF1 PI polyamide significantly inhibited increases in promoter activity of TGF-β1 and expression of TGF-β1 mRNA and protein, whereas it significantly decreased the expression of osteopontin and increased that of h-caldesmon mRNA. We also examined the effects of USF1 PI polyamide on diabetic nephropathy. Intraperitoneal injection of USF1 PI polyamide significantly suppressed urinary albumin excretion and decreased serum urea nitrogen in the STZ-diabetic rats. USF1 PI polyamide significantly decreased the glomerular injury score and tubular injury score in the STZ-diabetic rats. It also suppressed the immunostaining of TGF-β1 in the glomerulus and proximal tubules and significantly decreased the expression of TGF-β1 protein from kidney in these rats. These findings indicate that synthetic USF1 PI polyamide could potentially be a practical medicine for diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makiyo Okamura
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Ooyaguchi-kami 30-1, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan; (M.O.); (S.H.); (H.K.); (A.T.); (Y.A.)
| | - Noboru Fukuda
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Ooyaguchi-kami 30-1, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan; (M.O.); (S.H.); (H.K.); (A.T.); (Y.A.)
- Division of Cell Regeneration and Transplantation, Department of Functional Morphology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan;
- Correspondence: (N.F.); (M.A.); Tel.: +81-3-3972-8111 (N.F.); Fax: +81-3-3972-8666 (N.F.)
| | - Shu Horikoshi
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Ooyaguchi-kami 30-1, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan; (M.O.); (S.H.); (H.K.); (A.T.); (Y.A.)
| | - Hiroki Kobayashi
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Ooyaguchi-kami 30-1, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan; (M.O.); (S.H.); (H.K.); (A.T.); (Y.A.)
| | - Akiko Tsunemi
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Ooyaguchi-kami 30-1, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan; (M.O.); (S.H.); (H.K.); (A.T.); (Y.A.)
| | - Yurie Akiya
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Ooyaguchi-kami 30-1, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan; (M.O.); (S.H.); (H.K.); (A.T.); (Y.A.)
| | - Morito Endo
- Faculty of Human Health Science, Hachinohe Gakuin University, Hachinohe, Aomori 031-8588, Japan;
| | - Taro Matsumoto
- Division of Cell Regeneration and Transplantation, Department of Functional Morphology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan;
| | - Masanori Abe
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Ooyaguchi-kami 30-1, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan; (M.O.); (S.H.); (H.K.); (A.T.); (Y.A.)
- Correspondence: (N.F.); (M.A.); Tel.: +81-3-3972-8111 (N.F.); Fax: +81-3-3972-8666 (N.F.)
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So KY, Park BH, Oh SH. Cytoplasmic sirtuin 6 translocation mediated by p62 polyubiquitination plays a critical role in cadmium-induced kidney toxicity. Cell Biol Toxicol 2021; 37:193-207. [PMID: 32394328 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-020-09528-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Sirtuin 6 (Sirt6) is important for maintaining kidney homeostasis and function. Cd exposure increases the risk of developing kidney diseases. However, the role of Sirt6 in kidney disease mechanisms is unclear. Here, we evaluated the role of Sirt6 in Cd-induced kidney toxicity. After Cd exposure, p62/sequestosome-1 (SQSTM1), an autophagy substrate, accumulated in mouse kidney mesangial cells in monomeric and polyubiquitinated (polyUb) forms. Sirt6 accumulated in response to Cd treatment at concentrations below the half-maximal inhibitory concentration and decreased after 12 h of treatment. Sirt6 and p62 co-localized in the nucleus and redistributed to the cytosol after Cd treatment. Sirt6 was mainly present in nuclei-rich membrane fractions. Sirt6 interacted with p62. Ub, and microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3). Knockdown of p62 promoted Sirt6 nuclear accumulation and inhibited apoptosis. Sirt6 overexpression altered levels of polyUb-p62 and apoptosis. At earlier times during Cd treatment, polyubiquitination of p62 and apoptosis were reduced. Cytoplasmic translocation of Sirt6 occurred later, with increased polyubiquitination of p62 and apoptosis. Bafilomycin 1 (BaF1) treatment promoted cytosolic Sirt6 accumulation, increasing cell death. Silencing autophagy related 5 (Atg5) increased nuclear Sirt6 levels, reduced polyUb-p62, and inhibited cell death, indicating that autophagy was necessary for Sirt6 redistribution. Cd resistance was associated with reduced polyUb-p62 and persistent Sirt6 expression. Cd treatment in mice for 4 weeks promoted p62, Sirt6, and LC3-II accumulation, inducing apoptosis in kidney tissues. Overall, our findings show that polyUb-p62 targeted Sirt6 to autophagosomes, playing a crucial role in Cd-induced cell death and kidney damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keum-Young So
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, School of Medicine, Chosun University, 309 Pilmundaero, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 501-759, South Korea
| | - Byung-Hyun Park
- Department of Biochemistry, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Hee Oh
- School of Medicine, Chosun University, 309 Pilmundaero, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 501-759, South Korea.
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Fleischmann D, Harloff M, Maslanka Figueroa S, Schlossmann J, Goepferich A. Targeted Delivery of Soluble Guanylate Cyclase (sGC) Activator Cinaciguat to Renal Mesangial Cells via Virus-Mimetic Nanoparticles Potentiates Anti-Fibrotic Effects by cGMP-Mediated Suppression of the TGF-β Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052557. [PMID: 33806499 PMCID: PMC7961750 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) ranks among the most detrimental long-term effects of diabetes, affecting more than 30% of all patients. Within the diseased kidney, intraglomerular mesangial cells play a key role in facilitating the pro-fibrotic turnover of extracellular matrix components and a progredient glomerular hyperproliferation. These pathological effects are in part caused by an impaired functionality of soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) and a consequentially reduced synthesis of anti-fibrotic messenger 3′,5′-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). Bay 58-2667 (cinaciguat) is able to re-activate defective sGC; however, the drug suffers from poor bioavailability and its systemic administration is linked to adverse events such as severe hypotension, which can hamper the therapeutic effect. In this study, cinaciguat was therefore efficiently encapsulated into virus-mimetic nanoparticles (NPs) that are able to specifically target renal mesangial cells and therefore increase the intracellular drug accumulation. NP-assisted drug delivery thereby increased in vitro potency of cinaciguat-induced sGC stabilization and activation, as well as the related downstream signaling 4- to 5-fold. Additionally, administration of drug-loaded NPs provided a considerable suppression of the non-canonical transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling pathway and the resulting pro-fibrotic remodeling by 50–100%, making the system a promising tool for a more refined therapy of DN and other related kidney pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Fleischmann
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (D.F.); (S.M.F.)
| | - Manuela Harloff
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (M.H.); (J.S.)
| | - Sara Maslanka Figueroa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (D.F.); (S.M.F.)
| | - Jens Schlossmann
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (M.H.); (J.S.)
| | - Achim Goepferich
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (D.F.); (S.M.F.)
- Correspondence:
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9
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Xiao Y, Deng J, Li C, Gong X, Gui Z, Huang J, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Ye X, Li X. Epiberberine ameliorated diabetic nephropathy by inactivating the angiotensinogen (Agt) to repress TGFβ/Smad2 pathway. Phytomedicine 2021; 83:153488. [PMID: 33571918 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a severe microvascular complication of diabetes with prominent morbidity and mortality. At present, there are hardly any effective drugs to treat DN. Epiberberine (EPI), an isoquinoline alkaloid, has attracted considerable attention due to its anti-hyperglycemic, anti-hyperlipidemic, and anti-inflammatory functions. However, whether there is a protective effect of EPI on DN has not been reported. PURPOSE The research was aimed to investigate the activities of EPI alleviating kidney damage in db/db mice and to explore its possible mechanisms. STUDY DESIGN The db/db mice and high-glucose (HG) induced glomerular mesangial cells (GMCs) were used to explore the protective effect of EPI on DN in vivo and in vitro. METHODS The changes in fasting blood glucose, metabolic index, renal function, and histopathological morphology in db/db mice were detected to evaluate the therapeutic effect of EPI. Then, renal transcriptome and molecular docking were used to screen the key targets. Subsequently, HG-induced GMCs through mimicing the pathological changes in DN were utilized to study the renal protective effects of EPI and its potential mechanism. RESULTS The results in vivo showed that EPI administration for 8 weeks significantly alleviated diabetes-related metabolic disorders, improved renal functions, and relieved the histopathological abnormalities of renal tissue, especially renal fibrosis in db/db mice. The results in vitro showed that EPI inhibited the proliferation and induced the G2/M phase arrest of HG-induced GMCs. Moreover, a key gene Angiotensinogen (Agt) was screen out by the RNA-seq of kidney and molecular docking, and EPI reduced Agt, TGFβ1, and Smad2 expression in vitro and in vivo. Noteworthy, Agt knockdown by siRNA significantly attenuated these beneficial efficacies exerted by EPI, indicating that Agt played a crucial role in the process of EPI improving DN. CONCLUSION These findings suggested that EPI might be a potential drug for the treatment of DN dependent on the Agt-TGFβ/Smad2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Xiao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Translational Pharmacy Center of Medical Research Institute. Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Jianling Deng
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Translational Pharmacy Center of Medical Research Institute. Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Chunming Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Translational Pharmacy Center of Medical Research Institute. Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Xiaobao Gong
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Translational Pharmacy Center of Medical Research Institute. Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Zhenwei Gui
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jieyao Huang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Translational Pharmacy Center of Medical Research Institute. Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Yaru Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yan Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Translational Pharmacy Center of Medical Research Institute. Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Xiaoli Ye
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Xuegang Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Translational Pharmacy Center of Medical Research Institute. Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
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Jung E, Pyo MK, Kim J. Pectin-Lyase-Modified Ginseng Extract and Ginsenoside Rd Inhibits High Glucose-Induced ROS Production in Mesangial Cells and Prevents Renal Dysfunction in db/db Mice. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26020367. [PMID: 33445772 PMCID: PMC7828230 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes increases the incidence rate of chronic renal disease. Pectin-lyase-modified ginseng (GS-E3D), with enhanced ginsenoside Rd content, has been newly developed. In this study, renal protective roles of GS-E3D in type-2 diabetic db/db mice were investigated. The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by high glucose (25 mM) was reduced by ES-E3D (75%) and ginsenoside Rd (60%). Diabetic db/db mice received 100 or 250 mg/kg/day of GS-E3D daily via oral gavage for 6 weeks. Albuminuria and urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OhdG, an oxidative stress marker) levels were increased in db/db mice and the levels recovered after GS-E3D treatment. In renal tissues, TUNEL-positive cells were decreased after GS-E3D treatment, and the increased apoptosis-related protein expressions were restored after GS-E3D treatment. Therefore, GS-E3D has a potent protective role in diabetes-induced renal dysfunction through antioxidative and antiapoptotic activities. These results may help patients to select a dietary supplement for diabetes when experiencing renal dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunsoo Jung
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea;
| | - Mi-kyung Pyo
- International Ginseng and Herb Research Institute, 25 Insamgwangjang-ro, Geumsan-eup, Geumsan-gun 32724, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea;
| | - Junghyun Kim
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
- Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-63-270-4032; Fax: +82-63-270-4025
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Qian X, He L, Hao M, Li Y, Li X, Liu Y, Jiang H, Xu L, Li C, Wu W, Du L, Yin X, Lu Q. YAP mediates the interaction between the Hippo and PI3K/Akt pathways in mesangial cell proliferation in diabetic nephropathy. Acta Diabetol 2021; 58:47-62. [PMID: 32816106 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-020-01582-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Glomerular mesangial cell (MC) proliferation is one of the main pathological changes in diabetic nephropathy (DN), but its mechanism needs further elaboration. The Hippo and PI3K/Akt signalling pathways are involved in the regulation of MC proliferation, but their relationship in hyperglycaemia-induced MC proliferation has not been reported. METHODS We used db/db mice and high-glucose-cultured mesangial cells to generate a diabetic nephropathy model. An MST1-knockdown plasmid was used to identify whether the PI3K/Akt pathway is linked to the Hippo pathway through MST1. LY294002 and SC79 were used to verify the role of the PI3K/Akt signalling pathway in MC cells. RNA silencing and overexpression were performed by using YAP and PTEN-expression/knockdown plasmids to investigate the function of YAP and PTEN, respectively, in the Hippo and PI3K/Akt signalling pathways. RESULTS By examining a potential feedback loop, we found decreased phosphorylation of MST1 and Lats1 and increased PI3K/Akt activation in db/db mice and high glucose-treated MCs, along with increased MC proliferation. The results of our gene silencing experiment proved PI3K/Akt-mediated intervention in the Hippo pathway and the regulatory effect of YAP on PI3K/Akt through PTEN. CONCLUSIONS The Hippo pathway is inhibited under diabetic conditions, leading to YAP activation and promoting MC proliferation. The PI3K/Akt pathway is activated through the inhibitory effect of YAP on its repressor, PTEN. Finally, activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway inhibits the Hippo pathway, resulting in nuclear YAP accumulation and accelerating MC proliferation and DN formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Qian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Linlin He
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Meng Hao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xizhi Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yiqi Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liu Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chengcheng Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenya Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Du
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoxing Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qian Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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12
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Tang ZZ, Zhang YM, Zheng T, Huang TT, Ma TF, Liu YW. Sarsasapogenin alleviates diabetic nephropathy through suppression of chronic inflammation by down-regulating PAR-1: In vivo and in vitro study. Phytomedicine 2020; 78:153314. [PMID: 32882582 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarsasapogenin (Sar) shows good effects on diabetic nephropathy (DN) through inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome, yet the potential mechanism is not well known. PURPOSE This study was designed to explore the regulation of thrombin and/or its receptor protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR-1) on the NLRP3 inflammasome and NF-κB signaling in DN condition, and further expounded the molecular mechanism of Sar on DN. METHODS Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were treated by gavage with Sar (0, 20 and 60 mg/kg) for consecutive 10 weeks. Then urine and serum were collected for protein excretion, creatinine, urea nitrogen, and uric acid assay reflecting renal functions, renal tissue sections for periodic acid-Schiff staining and ki67 expression reflecting cell proliferation, and renal cortex for the NLRP3 inflammasome and NF-κB signaling as well as thrombin/PAR-1 signaling. High glucose-cultured human mesangial cells (HMCs) were used to further investigate the effects and mechanisms of Sar. RESULTS Sar markedly ameliorated the renal functions and mesangial cell proliferation in diabetic rats, and suppressed activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and NF-κB in renal cortex. Moreover, Sar remarkably down-regulated PAR-1 in protein and mRNA levels but didn't affect thrombin activity in kidney, although thrombin activity was significantly decreased in the renal cortex of diabetic rats. Meanwhile, high glucose induced activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and NF-κB, and increased PAR-1 expression while didn't change thrombin activity in HMCs; however, Sar co-treatment ameliorated all the above indices. Further studies demonstrated that PAR-1 knockdown attenuated activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and NF-κB, and Sar addition strengthened these effects in high glucose-cultured HMCs. CONCLUSION Sar relieved DN in rat through inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome and NF-κB by down-regulating PAR-1 in kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuang-Zhuang Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu-Meng Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ting Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ting-Ting Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Teng-Fei Ma
- Institute for Stem Cell and Neural Regeneration; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular & Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yao-Wu Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, China.
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13
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Chen CC, Chang ZY, Tsai FJ, Chen SY. Resveratrol Pretreatment Ameliorates Concanavalin A-Induced Advanced Renal Glomerulosclerosis in Aged Mice through Upregulation of Sirtuin 1-Mediated Klotho Expression. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186766. [PMID: 32942691 PMCID: PMC7554923 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging kidneys are characterized by an increased vulnerability to glomerulosclerosis and a measurable decline in renal function. Evidence suggests that renal and systemic klotho and sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) deficiencies worsen kidney damage induced by exogenous stresses. The aim of this study was to explore whether resveratrol would attenuate concanavalin A (Con A)-induced renal oxidative stress and advanced glomerulosclerosis in aged mice. Aged male C57BL/6 mice were treated orally with resveratrol (30 mg/kg) seven times (12 h intervals) prior to the administration of a single tail-vein injection of Con A (20 mg/kg). The plasma and urinary levels of kidney damage markers were evaluated. The kidney histopathology, renal parameters, and oxidative stress levels were measured. Furthermore, klotho was downregulated in mouse kidney mesangial cells that were pretreated with 25 µM resveratrol followed by 20 µg/mL Con A. The urinary albumin/creatinine ratio, blood urea nitrogen, kidney mesangial matrix expansion, tubulointerstitial fibrosis, and renal levels of α-smooth muscle actin, transforming growth factor beta, fibronectin, procollagen III propeptide, and collagen type I significantly increased in Con A-treated aged mice. Aged mice kidneys also showed markedly increased levels of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), with reduced superoxide dismutase activity and levels of glutathione, klotho, and SIRT1 after Con A challenge. Furthermore, in kidney mesangial cells, klotho silencing abolished the effects of resveratrol on the Con A-mediated elevation of the indices of oxidative stress and the expression of glomerulosclerosis-related factors. These findings suggest that resveratrol protects against Con A-induced advanced glomerulosclerosis in aged mice, ameliorating renal oxidative stress via the SIRT1-mediated klotho expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Chang Chen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung 204, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (Z.-Y.C.)
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Zi-Yu Chang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung 204, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (Z.-Y.C.)
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Fuu-Jen Tsai
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan;
- Genetics Center, Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Genetics, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Yin Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan;
- Genetics Center, Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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14
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Xu J, Xiang P, Liu L, Sun J, Ye S. Metformin inhibits extracellular matrix accumulation, inflammation and proliferation of mesangial cells in diabetic nephropathy by regulating H19/miR-143-3p/TGF-β1 axis. J Pharm Pharmacol 2020; 72:1101-1109. [PMID: 32391614 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.13280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Metformin (MET) has protective effect on diabetic nephropathy (DN). This study aims to demystify the mechanism of MET function in DN. METHODS Mouse glomerular membrane epithelial cell line SV40-MES-13 was treated with normal or high glucose combined with or without MET. The relationships among H19, miR-143-3p and TGF-β1 were evaluated by luciferase reporter assay. MTT assay was performed to detect cell proliferation. The levels of inflammatory factors were investigated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Quantitative real-time PCR and western blot were performed to examine gene and protein expression. KEY FINDINGS H19 was up-regulated in the SV40-MES-13 cells after treated with high glucose, which was effectively repressed by MET treatment. MET promoted extracellular matrix accumulation, inflammation and proliferation in the SV40-MES-13 cells after treated with high glucose. These influences conferred by MET were abolished by H19 overexpression. H19 regulated TGF-β1 expression by sponging miR-143-3p. Furthermore, MET inhibited extracellular matrix accumulation, inflammation and proliferation by regulating H19/miR-143-3p/TGF-β1 axis. CONCLUSIONS Our studies demonstrated that the protective effect of MET on DN was attributed to the inhibition of proliferation, inflammation and ECM accumulation in mesangial cells via H19/miR-143-3p/TGF-β1 axis, which suggested that the H19/miR-143-3p/TGF-β1 axis could be a valuable target for DN therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ping Xiang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Linqing Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jianran Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Shandong Ye
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
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15
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Jin L, Zheng D, Yang G, Li W, Yang H, Jiang Q, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Xie X. Tilapia Skin Peptides Ameliorate Diabetic Nephropathy in STZ-Induced Diabetic Rats and HG-Induced GMCs by Improving Mitochondrial Dysfunction. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18070363. [PMID: 32679664 PMCID: PMC7401261 DOI: 10.3390/md18070363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the major microvascular complications of diabetes, and mitochondrial dysfunction has been observed in the kidneys of diabetic patients. Tilapia skin peptides (TSPs) are mixtures of small-molecular-weight peptides derived from tilapia skin. Rising evidence suggests that bioactive peptides from marine sources are beneficial for DN. This study aimed to investigate whether TSPs can alleviate the pathological progress in experimental DN by improving mitochondrial dysfunction through the activation of Bnip3/Nix signaling. In the current study, TSPs treatment alleviated the metabolic parameters and renal morphology in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Additionally, TSPs treatment significantly activated Bnip3/Nix signaling and improved the mitochondrial morphology, reversed the over-production of mitochondrial superoxide and cellular reactive oxygen species and the decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, thereby inhibiting the expressions of fibronectin, collagen IV and intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 in glomerular mesangial cells induced by high glucose. Collectively, our results suggest that TSPs show the renoprotective effect on DN by improving mitochondrial dysfunction, and they can be a potential therapeutic strategy for DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Jin
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (L.J.); (D.Z.); (G.Y.); (Y.Z.)
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China;
| | - Dongxiao Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (L.J.); (D.Z.); (G.Y.); (Y.Z.)
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China;
| | - Guanyu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (L.J.); (D.Z.); (G.Y.); (Y.Z.)
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China;
| | - Wei Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (W.L.); (H.Y.); (Y.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Tropical Island Resources, Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Huan Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (W.L.); (H.Y.); (Y.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Tropical Island Resources, Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Qian Jiang
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China;
| | - Yongjun Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (W.L.); (H.Y.); (Y.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Tropical Island Resources, Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Yingxia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (L.J.); (D.Z.); (G.Y.); (Y.Z.)
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China;
| | - Xi Xie
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (L.J.); (D.Z.); (G.Y.); (Y.Z.)
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-186-0895-8617
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Huang S, Tan M, Guo F, Dong L, Liu Z, Yuan R, Dongzhi Z, Lee DS, Wang Y, Li B. Nepeta angustifolia C. Y. Wu improves renal injury in HFD/STZ-induced diabetic nephropathy and inhibits oxidative stress-induced apoptosis of mesangial cells. J Ethnopharmacol 2020; 255:112771. [PMID: 32201300 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE As an important medicinal material constituting a variety of traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions, Nepeta angustifolia C. Y. Wu was used as a folk medicine to treat various vascular-related diseases including apoplexia, and cerebral haemorrhage in Tibet, China. Our previous studies have shown that this plant had a significant protective effect on vascular dysfunction of the intracerebral haemorrhage and diabetic rats. In present study, we aimed to investigate the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of Nepeta angustifolia on diabetic nephropathy (DN), a microvascular complication. AIM OF THE STUDY This study is aim to evaluate the protective effect of ethanol extracts of N. angustifolia (NA) on DN, and explore mechanism of action to provide basis for its pharmacological action against DN. MATERIALS AND METHODS High-fat diet and low-dose streptozotocin administration (HFD/STZ) induced diabetic rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (n = 8): the diabetic model group, metformin group, and three dose groups of NA (60 mg/kg, 120 mg/kg, 240 mg/kg). After administration of NA for 8 weeks, the blood, urine and renal tissue were collected for subsequent experiments. Biochemical markers (urine protein, Cr, BUN), oxidative stress makers (SOD, GSH-px and MDA) and pro-inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and MCP-1) were evaluated by commercial kit and ELISA, respectively. The effect of NA on DN was further confirmed by evaluation of renal histopathology by using the H&E, PAS and Masson staining. The H2O2-induced HBZY-1 cells (rat glomerular mesangial cells) were also been used to evaluate the renal protective effect of NA (50 μg/mL, 100 μg/mL, 200 μg/mL). The oxidative stress makers were detected by commercial kit. The levels of apoptosis and related proteins (caspase 3, 9) were detected by TUNEL assay and western blot analysis, respectively. The depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential was detected by JC-1 staining assay. RESULTS The administration of NA is helpful to maintain near normal body weight, blood glucose, urine volume, urine protein, kidney index and serum levels of Cr and BUN. NA treatment significantly improve renal dysfunction by the down-regulation of renal oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory mediators in HFD/STZ induced diabetic rats. In vitro experiments, NA has a significant cellular protective effect in H2O2-induced HBZY-1 cells, as well as the regulation in increases of SOD level and the decreases of ROS and MDA levels. Furthermore, NA treatment can significantly inhibit H2O2 induced mesangial cells apoptosis by the increasing mitochondrial potential and suppressing caspases-madiated signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS NA has obvious improvement on renal dysfunction in HFD/STZ induced diabetic rats. NA can protect mesangial cells by inhibiting oxidative stress induced apoptosis, which may be related to its regulation of mitochondrial-caspase apoptosis pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Meng Tan
- Department of Pharmacy, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Feng Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Baicheng Medical College, Baicheng, 137000, China
| | - Linsha Dong
- Department of Pharmacy, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Zhiming Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Ruiying Yuan
- Department of Medicament, College of Medicine, Tibet University, Lhasa, 850000, China
| | - Zhuoma Dongzhi
- Department of Medicament, College of Medicine, Tibet University, Lhasa, 850000, China; Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
| | - Dong-Sung Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 61452, South Korea
| | - Yuefei Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300000, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China.
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17
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Lu T, Bian Y, Zhu Y, Guo M, Yang Y, Guo J, Gu C, Duan JA. HUANGKUISIWUFANG inhibits pyruvate dehydrogenase to improve glomerular injury in anti-Thy1 nephritis model. J Ethnopharmacol 2020; 253:112682. [PMID: 32087318 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Huangkuisiwufang (HKSWF) is composed of Abelmoschus manihot (L.) Medik., Astragalus mongholicus, Polygonum cuspidatum, Curcuma longa L. Abelmoschus Manihot (L.) Medik. has been widely used for the treatment of chronic renal disease, oral ulcers and burn in China for centuries (Committee of the Pharmacopoeia of PR China, 2010). Abelmoschus manihot (L.) Medik., Polygonum cuspidatum, Curcuma longa L. have been mainly applied in folk medicine for their therapeutic effects on diabetes, cancer, heart disease and other diseases. AIM OF THE STUDY We aimed to investigate the renoprotective function of HKSWF in anti-Thy nephritis model and clarify the relevant mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS One week after the model of glomerulonephritis created by injecting anti-thymocyte serum (ATS), rats were treated with Huangkui capsule, enalapril or HKSWF by gavage for a period of 8 weeks. The therapeutic effect was evaluated by detection of proteinuria, plasma creatine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), podocyte injury, glomerular accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) and the markers of oxidative stress and renal fibrosis. RNA Sequencing (RNA-seq), KEGG and western blotting analysis were performed to indicate the signaling pathway involved in the therapeutic effect of HKSWF. RESULTS Nephritic rats presented the increase of BUN, serum creatinine (Scr), proteinuria, podocyte damage, glomerular fibrosis, Ang II type 1 receptor (AT1R), and the reduction of creatinine clearance (Ccr). In contrast, application of HKSWF to nephritic rats decreased the levels of BUN and proteinuria, promoted mesangial cell recovery and improved oxidative stress level and podocyte injury. KEGG analysis revealed that pyruvate metabolism was the most significantly upregulated pathway in rats treated with HKSWF compared to disease control group. Increased pyruvate dehydrogenase and PAI-1 caused by nephritis was inhibited by HKSWF interposition. Furthermore, dichloroacetate sodium (DCA), an agonist of pyruvate dehydrogenase, could stimulate PAI-1 expression, which was suppressed by HKSWF. CONCLUSION Chinese herbal preparation HKSWF has remarkable curative effects on glomerulonephritis animals. HKSWF attenuates pyruvate dehydrogenase to improve glomerular injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Lu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China; School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicisne, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Bian
- Laboratory Animal Center, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicisne, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Mengjie Guo
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicisne, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Ye Yang
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicisne, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianming Guo
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Chunyan Gu
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicisne, 210023, Nanjing, China.
| | - Jin-Ao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
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18
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Liu D, Wang RS, Xuan LL, Wang XH, Li WZ. Two New Apotirucallane-Type Triterpenoids from the Pericarp of Toona sinensis and Their Ability to Reduce Oxidative Stress in Rat Glomerular Mesangial Cells Cultured under High-Glucose Conditions. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25040801. [PMID: 32059523 PMCID: PMC7070558 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25040801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycemia is a strong risk factor for chronic complications of diabetes. Hyperglycemic conditions foster not only the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), but also the consumption of antioxidants, leading to oxidative stress and promoting the occurrence and progression of complications. During our continuous search for antioxidant constituents from the pericarp of Toona sinensis (A. Juss.) Roem, we isolated two previously unreported apotirucallane-type triterpenoids, toonasinensin A (1) and toonasinensin B (2), together with five known apotirucallane-type triterpenoids (3–7) and two known cycloartane-type triterpenoids (8–9) from the pericarp. Compounds 8–9 were obtained from T. sinensis for the first time. Their structures were characterized based on interpretation of spectroscopic data (1D, 2D NMR, high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectra, HR-ESI-MS) and comparison to previous reports. Compounds (2, 4, 6, 7, and 9) were able to inhibit proliferation against rat glomerular mesangial cells (GMCs) cultured under high-glucose conditions within a concentration of 80 μM. Compounds (2, 6, and 7) were tested for antioxidant activity attributable to superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and ROS in vitro, and the results showed that compounds (2, 6, and 7) could significantly increase the levels of SOD and reduce the levels of MDA and ROS. The current studies showed that apotirucallane-type triterpenoids (2, 6, and 7) might have the antioxidant effects against diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xiao-hong Wang
- Correspondence: (X.-h.W.); (W.-z.L.); Tel.: +86-536-8462493 (X.-h.W.); +86-536-8462490 (W.-z.L.)
| | - Wan-zhong Li
- Correspondence: (X.-h.W.); (W.-z.L.); Tel.: +86-536-8462493 (X.-h.W.); +86-536-8462490 (W.-z.L.)
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19
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Xia M, Liu D, Tang X, Liu Y, Liu H, Liu Y, Chen G, Liu H. Dihydroartemisinin inhibits the proliferation of IgAN mesangial cells through the mTOR signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 80:106125. [PMID: 31931362 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.106125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is an autoimmune kidney disease and is the most prevalent form of glomerular kidney disease in China and worldwide. IgA immune complex deposition accompanied by mesangial cell proliferation and mesangial matrix expansion is the most basic pathological feature of IgAN. Dihydroartemisinin (DHA), an antimalarial drug, was recently reported to be effective in treating autoimmune diseases. However, its potential therapeutic role in IgAN is relatively unstudied. The aim of this study was to investigate the pharmacological effects and the underlying mechanisms of DHA in the treatment of IgAN. In this study, renal biopsy specimens were collected for immunohistochemistry. In vitro, 25 μg/ml concentrations of aggregated IgA1 (aIgA1) was used to construct the IgAN mesangial cell model. Stimulated human mesangial cells (HMCs) were treated for 24 h with DHA (0-15 μM) and were collected for western blot analyses. Cell proliferation was assessed by Cell Counting Kit 8 (CCK8) and 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. In vitro, our results showed that DHA could downregulate the mammalian target of rapamycin/ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1 (mTOR/S6K1) signaling pathway, promote cell autophagy, and ameliorate cell proliferation in aIgA1-induced HMCs. The results suggested that DHA may represent a novel class of mTOR inhibitor and promote an anti-proliferation effect in IgAN HMCs, which provides an alternative approach for IgAN treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Xia
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, No. 139 Renmin Middle Rd, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Di Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, No. 139 Renmin Middle Rd, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaofang Tang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, No. 139 Renmin Middle Rd, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Yexin Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, No. 139 Renmin Middle Rd, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Haiyang Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, No. 139 Renmin Middle Rd, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, No. 139 Renmin Middle Rd, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Guochun Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, No. 139 Renmin Middle Rd, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, No. 139 Renmin Middle Rd, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China.
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20
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Lee JH, Subedi L, Kim SY. Effect of Cysteine on Methylglyoxal-Induced Renal Damage in Mesangial Cells. Cells 2020; 9:E234. [PMID: 31963523 PMCID: PMC7016887 DOI: 10.3390/cells9010234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Methylglyoxal (MGO), a highly reactive dicarbonyl compound, is a key precursor of the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). MGO and MGO-AGEs were reportedly increased in patients with diabetic dysfunction, including diabetic nephropathy. The activation of glyoxalase-I (GLO-I) increases MGO and MGO-AGE detoxification. MGO-mediated glucotoxicity can also be ameliorated by MGO scavengers such as N-acetylcysteine (NAC), aminoguanidine (AG), and metformin. In this study, we noted that l-cysteine demonstrated protective effects against MGO-induced glucotoxicity in renal mesangial cells. l-cysteine prevented MGO-induced apoptosis and necrosis, together with a reduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in MES13 cells. Interestingly, l-cysteine significantly reduced MGO-AGE formation and also acted as an MGO-AGE crosslink breaker. Furthermore, l-cysteine treatment accelerated MGO catabolism to D-lactate via the upregulation of GLO-I. The reduction of AGE formation and induction of AGE breakdown, following l-cysteine treatment, further supports the potential use of l-cysteine as an alternative for the therapeutic control of MGO-induced renal complications in diabetes, especially against diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hyuk Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, #191, Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Korea; (J.H.L.); (L.S.)
| | - Lalita Subedi
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, #191, Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Korea; (J.H.L.); (L.S.)
| | - Sun Yeou Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, #191, Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Korea; (J.H.L.); (L.S.)
- Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Gachon University, #191 Hambakmoe-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Korea
- Gachon Medical Research Institute, Gil Medical Center, Incheon 21565, Korea
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21
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Ren H, Shao Y, Wu C, Ma X, Lv C, Wang Q. Metformin alleviates oxidative stress and enhances autophagy in diabetic kidney disease via AMPK/SIRT1-FoxO1 pathway. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 500:110628. [PMID: 31647955 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2019.110628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Metformin, as the basic pharmacological therapy and the first preventive drug in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), is proved to have potential protection in diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Here, we established a diabetic rat model induced by high-fat diet and low dose streptozotocin, and high glucose cultured rat mesangial cells (RMCs) pre-treated with metformin or transfected with AMPK, SIRT1 and FoxO1 small interfering RNA, and detected oxidative stress and autophagy related factors to explore the molecular mechanisms of metformin on DKD via adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog-1 (sirtuin-1, SIRT1)-Forkhead box protein O1 (FoxO1) pathway. We found that metformin effectively alleviated the disorders of glycolipid metabolism, renal function injury in diabetic rats, and relieved oxidative stress, enhanced autophagy and slowed down abnormal cell proliferation in high glucose cultured RMCs through AMPK/SIRT1-FoxO1 pathway, indicating the protective role of metformin against the pathological process of DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiwen Ren
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Ying Shao
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Can Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaoyu Ma
- The Cadre Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Chuan Lv
- Department of Endocrinology, the People's Hospital of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Qiuyue Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
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22
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Fang S, Cai Y, Lyu F, Zhang H, Wu C, Zeng Y, Fan C, Zou S, Zhang Y, Li P, Wang L, Guan M. Exendin-4 Improves Diabetic Kidney Disease in C57BL/6 Mice Independent of Brown Adipose Tissue Activation. J Diabetes Res 2020; 2020:9084567. [PMID: 32090125 PMCID: PMC7023845 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9084567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of exendin-4 in brown adipose tissue (BAT) activation was not very clear. This study is to verify the role of BAT involved in renal benefits of exendin-4 in diabetes mellitus (DM). METHODS In vivo, C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into nondiabetic (control) and diabetic groups (DM). The diabetic mice were randomized into a control group (DM-Con), BAT-excision group (DM+Exc), exendin-4-treated group (DM+E4), and BAT-excision plus exendin-4-treated group (DM+Exc+E4). The weight, blood glucose and lipids, 24 h urine albumin and 8-OH-dG, and renal fibrosis were analyzed. In vitro, we investigated the role of exendin-4 in the differentiation process of 3T3-L1 and brown preadipocytes and its effect on the rat mesangial cells induced by oleate. RESULTS The expressions of UCP-1, PGC-1α, ATGL, and CD36 in BAT of DM mice were all downregulated, which could be upregulated by exendin-4 treatment with significant effects on ATGL and CD36. BAT-excision exacerbated high blood glucose (BG) with no significant effect on the serum lipid level. Exendin-4 significantly lowered the level of serum triglycerides (TG) and low-density lipoprotein- (LDL-) c, 24 h urine albumin, and 8-OH-dG; improved renal fibrosis and lipid accumulation; and activated renal AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in diabetic mice regardless of BAT excision. In vitro, there was no significant effect of exendin-4 on brown or white adipogenesis. However, exendin-4 could improve lipid accumulation and myofibroblast-like phenotype transition of mesangial cells induced by oleate via activating the AMPK pathway. CONCLUSIONS Exendin-4 could decrease the renal lipid deposit and improve diabetic nephropathy via activating the renal AMPK pathway independent of BAT activation.
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MESH Headings
- 3T3-L1 Cells
- 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine/urine
- Adenylate Kinase/metabolism
- Adipocytes, Brown/drug effects
- Adipocytes, Brown/metabolism
- Adipogenesis/drug effects
- Adipose Tissue, Brown/drug effects
- Adipose Tissue, Brown/metabolism
- Adipose Tissue, Brown/surgery
- Albuminuria
- Animals
- Blood Glucose/drug effects
- Blood Glucose/metabolism
- Blotting, Western
- Body Weight/drug effects
- CD36 Antigens/drug effects
- CD36 Antigens/genetics
- Cholesterol, HDL/drug effects
- Cholesterol, HDL/metabolism
- Cholesterol, LDL/drug effects
- Cholesterol, LDL/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism
- Diabetic Nephropathies/etiology
- Diabetic Nephropathies/metabolism
- Diabetic Nephropathies/pathology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Exenatide/pharmacology
- Fibrosis
- Gene Expression/drug effects
- Incretins/pharmacology
- Kidney/drug effects
- Kidney/pathology
- Lipase/drug effects
- Lipase/genetics
- Mesangial Cells/drug effects
- Mesangial Cells/metabolism
- Mesangial Cells/pathology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Myofibroblasts/metabolism
- Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha/drug effects
- Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha/genetics
- Random Allocation
- Rats
- Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Triglycerides/metabolism
- Uncoupling Protein 1/drug effects
- Uncoupling Protein 1/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Fang
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China 510515
| | - Yingying Cai
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China 510515
- Women and Children's Hospital, Xiamen, Fujian, China 361003
| | - Fuping Lyu
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China 510515
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China 361001
| | - Hongbin Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark 2200
| | - Chunyan Wu
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China 510515
| | - Yanmei Zeng
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China 510515
| | - Cunxia Fan
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China 510515
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, Hainan, China 570311
| | - Shaozhou Zou
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China 510515
- Department of Endocrinology, Dongguan TungWah Hospital, Guangdong, China 523900
| | - Yudan Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China 510515
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China 510515
| | - Ling Wang
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China 510515
| | - Meiping Guan
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China 510515
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Yang G, Jin L, Zheng D, Tang X, Yang J, Fan L, Xie X. Fucoxanthin Alleviates Oxidative Stress through Akt/Sirt1/FoxO3α Signaling to Inhibit HG-Induced Renal Fibrosis in GMCs. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17120702. [PMID: 31842414 PMCID: PMC6950607 DOI: 10.3390/md17120702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
As one of the main marine carotenoids, fucoxanthin has strong antioxidant activity. FoxO3α, a member of the forkhead box O family of transcription factors, plays an important role in DN by regulating oxidative stress. The activity of FoxO3α is related to its phosphorylation and acetylation status, regulated by Akt and Sirt1, a lysine deacetylase. Our study aimed to investigate whether fucoxanthin could alleviate oxidative stress and fibrosis via FoxO3α in DN and whether Akt and Sirt1 were involved. We found that in GMCs cultured in HG, fucoxanthin treatment significantly reduced the expression of FN and collagen IV, as well as reactive oxygen species generation, suggesting that fucoxanthin is beneficial to alleviate both fibrosis and oxidative stress in DN. In addition, we found that fucoxanthin decreased the phosphorylation and acetylation level of FoxO3α, reversed the protein level of FoxO3α inhibited by HG, and then promoted the nuclear transport of FoxO3α. Besides, fucoxanthin promoted the expression of manganese superoxide dismutase, a downstream target of FoxO3α. Furthermore, we found that fucoxanthin reversed the activation of Akt and inhibition of Sirt1. However, the enhancement of fucoxanthin in FoxO3α expression and nuclear transport was significantly decreased by pretreatment with Akt activator SC79 or Sirt1 inhibitor EX527. In summary, our study explored fucoxanthin alleviated oxidative stress and fibrosis induced by HG through Akt/Sirt1/FoxO3α signaling in GMCs, suggesting fucoxanthin is a potential therapeutic strategy for DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanyu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (G.Y.)
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Lin Jin
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (G.Y.)
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Dongxiao Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (G.Y.)
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Xiaoliang Tang
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Junwei Yang
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Lingxuan Fan
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Xi Xie
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (G.Y.)
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-18-6089-58-617
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Chen Y, Deb DK, Fu X, Yi B, Liang Y, Du J, He L, Li YC. ATP-citrate lyase is an epigenetic regulator to promote obesity-related kidney injury. FASEB J 2019; 33:9602-9615. [PMID: 31150280 PMCID: PMC6662982 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201900213r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a leading cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD), but how obesity promotes renal injury remains poorly understood. Here we showed that ATP-citrate lyase (ACL), an enzyme converting citrate to acetyl-CoA, is highly induced in the kidney of overweight or obese patients with CKD and ob/ob BTBR mice. ACL induction is associated with increased ectopic lipid accumulation (ELA), glomerulosclerosis, and albuminuria. Acetyl-CoA is the substrate for de novo lipogenesis as well as for histone acetylation. By raising acetyl-CoA concentration ACL promotes H3K9/14 and H3K27 hyperacetylation leading to up-regulation of several rate-limiting lipogenic enzymes and fibrogenic factors. On the other hand, the excess acetyl-CoA generated as a result of ACL induction provides the substrate for these lipogenic enzymes to drive de novo lipogenesis leading to ELA, a detrimental event toward renal injury. In mesangial cells, ACL is synergistically induced by high glucose, palmitate, and TNF-α via NF-κB and PKA pathways. Under these conditions, H3K9/14 and H3K27 hyperacetylation, as well as the induction of the lipogenic and fibrogenic proteins, are completely blocked in the presence of an ACL inhibitor. Collectively, these data suggest that ACL is an epigenetic regulator that promotes renal ELA and fibrogenesis leading to renal injury in obesity.-Chen, Y., Deb, D. K., Fu, X., Yi, B., Liang, Y., Du, J., He, L., Li, Y. C. ATP-citrate lyase is an epigenetic regulator to promote obesity-related kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinyin Chen
- Division of Biological Sciences, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Dilip K. Deb
- Division of Biological Sciences, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Xiao Fu
- Division of Biological Sciences, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bin Yi
- Division of Biological Sciences, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yumei Liang
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Du
- Division of Biological Sciences, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Lei He
- Division of Biological Sciences, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Yan Chun Li
- Division of Biological Sciences, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Dang W, Hou L, Wu H, Yan X, Zhen X, Hao J. Effectiveness of Qingre Lishi Yishen decoction on the glomerular fibrosis of immunoglobulin A nephropathy in a rat's model. J TRADIT CHIN MED 2019; 39:516-523. [PMID: 32186099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of the clinical effective prescription of Qingre Lishi Yishen decoction (QRLS) on the activation of mesangial cells in immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) rats. METHODS IgAN rat's model was established by combine with intragastric administration of bovine serum albumin (BSA) + intravenous injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) by + subcutaneous injection of carbon tetrachloride (CCL4). Then the animals were randomly divided into four groups: control group, IgAN model group, IgAN model with Valsartan (Val) treatment group and IgAN model with QRLS treatment group. To observe the indexes of 24-h urine protein, renal function, deposition of immune complexes, expression of activation factor, fibrosis marker and inflammatory cytokines in four different groups. RESULTS The Val or QRLS treatment group: (a) it reduced the immune complexes deposition of IgA in glomerular mesangial and inhibited mesangial cell proliferation; (b) it decreased the expression of smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), fibronectin (FN) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). CONCLUSION The study suggested that QRLS ameliorate renal structure and function in IgAN rat's model. Furthermore, we also observed that QRLS alleviated mesangial cells activation and matrix accumulation partly by decreasing the α-SMA, then to downregu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanyu Dang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Children' s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's health, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Linyi Hou
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Children' s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's health, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Huimin Wu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Children' s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's health, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Xiaoming Yan
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Children' s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's health, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Xiaofang Zhen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Children' s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's health, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Jing Hao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Children' s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's health, Beijing 100045, China
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Song MK, Lee JH, Ryoo IG, Lee SH, Ku SK, Kwak MK. Bardoxolone ameliorates TGF-β1-associated renal fibrosis through Nrf2/Smad7 elevation. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 138:33-42. [PMID: 31059771 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is a potent pathogenic factor of renal injury through the upregulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) expression and facilitation of renal fibrosis. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-like 2 (Nfe2l2; Nrf2), a master regulator of antioxidant and detoxifying systems, is mainly controlled by the binding with cytosolic protein Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) and subsequent proteasomal degradation. The protective effect of Nrf2 on renal injury has been attributed to its antioxidant role, where it aids in coping with oxidative stress-associated progression of renal disease. In this study, we investigated the effect of Nrf2 activation on ECM production and TGF-β/Smad signaling using Keap1-silenced MES-13 cells (a genetic glomerular mesangial cell model with Nrf2 overexpression). The TGF-β1-inducible expression of fibronectin and α-smooth muscle actin (α-Sma) was suppressed and Smad2/3 phosphorylation was blocked in Nrf2-high mesangial cells as compared with that in control cells. Notably, in these Nrf2-high mesangial cells, levels of TGF-β1 receptor 1 (TβR1) were substantially diminished, and the protein levels of Smad7, an inhibitor TGF-β1/Smad signaling, were increased. Nrf2-mediated Smad7 elevation and its anti-fibrotic role in Keap1-silenced cells were confirmed by studies with Nrf2-or Smad7-silencing. As a molecular link for Smad7 elevation in Nrf2-high cells, the reduction of Smad-ubiquitination-regulatory factor 1 (Smurf1), an E3 ubiquitin ligase for Smad7, was notable. Silencing of Smurf1 increased Smad7 in the control mesangial cells; however, forced expression of Smurf1 repressed Smad7 levels in Keap1-silenced cells. Additionally, we demonstrate that bardoxolone (BARD; CDDO-methyl), a pharmacological activator of Nrf2, increased Smad7 levels and attenuated TGF-β/Smad/ECM expression in MES-13. Moreover, in an aristolochic acid (AA)-mediated nephropathy mouse model, the renal expression of Nrf2 and Smad7 was elevated by BARD treatment, and AA-induced tubular necrosis and interstitial fibrosis were substantially ameliorated by BARD. Collectively, these results indicate that the Nrf2-Smad7 axis plays a key role in the protection of TGF-β-induced renal fibrosis, and further suggest a novel molecular mechanism of beneficial effect of BARD on renal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Kyun Song
- Department of Pharmacy and BK21PLUS Team for Creative Leader Program for Pharmacomics-based Future Pharmacy, Graduate School of The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Hee Lee
- Integrated Research Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Geun Ryoo
- Integrated Research Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hwan Lee
- Department of Pharmacy and BK21PLUS Team for Creative Leader Program for Pharmacomics-based Future Pharmacy, Graduate School of The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Sae-Kwang Ku
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan, Gyeonsangbuk-do, 712-715, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Kyoung Kwak
- Department of Pharmacy and BK21PLUS Team for Creative Leader Program for Pharmacomics-based Future Pharmacy, Graduate School of The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, Republic of Korea; Integrated Research Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Republic of Korea; College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Republic of Korea.
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Chen H, Du Y, Li Y, Zeng J, Miao J, Jiang X. Jixuecao (Herba Centellae Asiaticae) alleviates mesangial cell proliferation in IgA nephropathy by inducing mitofusin 2 expression. J TRADIT CHIN MED 2019; 39:346-355. [PMID: 32186007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of mitofusin 2 (Mfn2) and its downstream signaling pathway on glomerular mesangial cells (GMCs) proliferation in IgA nephropathy (IgAN), as well as the mechanism of action of Jixuecao (Herba Centellae Asiaticae, HCA) in the treatment of IgAN. METHODS Adenovirus-mediated Mfn2 gene transfection and Mfn2 expression were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Western blotting. IgA1 induced the proliferation of GMCs, which were then treated with HCA. Cell proliferation was detected with cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), and Mfn2 expression was analyzed by real-time PCR and western blotting. An IgAN animal model was also established and treated with HCA. GMCs proliferation was detected by hematoxylin-eosin staining, mitochondrial structure was analyzed by electron microscopy, mitochondrial function was determined by the Clark oxygen electrode method, and the expression of Mfn2, Phospho-extracellular regulated protein kinases1/2 (P-ERK1/2), Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), Phospho-p27 (p-p27), and cyclin A was analyzed by Western blotting. RESULTS In vitro, HCA inhibited GMCs in a concentration-dependent manner in association with the upregulation of Mfn2 expression. The overexpression of Mfn2 inhibited IgA1-induced GMCs proliferation and elevated the effect of HCA. In vivo, treatment with HCA could alleviate albuminuria and creatinine and GMCs proliferation. These effects were related to the upregulation of Mfn2, p-p27 and inhibition of p-ERK1/2, CDK2, and cyclinA. Mitochondrial swelling, vacuolar degeneration, and reduction of respiratory control rate were identified in IgAN, but HCA could improve the mitochondrial structure and function. CONCLUSION HCA inhibited GMCs proliferation via the upregulation Mfn2 and the inhibition of Ras-Raf-ERK/MAPK. We revealed that changes of mitochondrial structure and function are associated with IgAN, but that HCA can improve these mitochondrial features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Yuanyuan Du
- Department of Nephrology, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Yayu Li
- Department of Nephrology, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Jiali Zeng
- Department of Nephrology, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Jianxia Miao
- Department of Nephrology, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Xue Jiang
- Department of Nephrology, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China
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Chen H, Huang Y, Zhu X, Liu C, Yuan Y, Su H, Zhang C, Liu C, Xiong M, Qu Y, Yun P, Zheng L, Huang K. Histone demethylase UTX is a therapeutic target for diabetic kidney disease. J Physiol 2019; 597:1643-1660. [PMID: 30516825 PMCID: PMC6418754 DOI: 10.1113/jp277367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a major complication of diabetes. We found that UTX (ubiquitously transcribed tetratricopeptide repeat on chromosome X, also known as KDM6A), a histone demethylase, was upregulated in the renal mesangial and tubular cells of diabetic mice and DKD patients. In cultured renal mesangial and tubular cells, UTX overexpression promoted palmitic acid-induced elevation of inflammation and DNA damage, whereas UTX knockdown or GSK-J4 treatment showed the opposite effects. We found that UTX demethylase activity-dependently regulated the transcription of inflammatory genes and apoptosis; moreover, UTX bound with p53 and p53-dependently exacerbated DNA damage. Administration of GSK-J4, an H3K27 demethylase inhibitor, ameliorated the diabetes-induced renal abnormalities in db/db mice, an animal model of type 2 diabetes. These results revealed the possible mechanisms underlying the regulation of histone methylation in DKD and suggest UTX as a potential therapeutic target for DKD. ABSTRACT Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a microvascular complication of diabetes and the leading cause of end-stage kidney disease worldwide without effective therapy available. UTX (ubiquitously transcribed tetratricopeptide repeat on chromosome X, also known as KDM6A), a histone demethylase that removes the di- and tri-methyl groups from histone H3K27, plays important biological roles in gene activation, cell fate control and life span regulation in Caenorhabditis elegans. In the present study, we report upregulated UTX in the kidneys of diabetic mice and DKD patients. Administration of GSK-J4, an H3K27 demethylase inhibitor, ameliorated the diabetes-induced renal dysfunction, abnormal morphology, inflammation, apoptosis and DNA damage in db/db mice, comprising an animal model of type 2 diabetes. In cultured renal mesanglial and tubular cells, UTX overexpression promoted palmitic acid induced elevation of inflammation and DNA damage, whereas UTX knockdown or GSK-J4 treatment showed the opposite effects. Mechanistically, we found that UTX demethylase activity-dependently regulated the transcription of inflammatory genes; moreover, UTX bound with p53 and p53-dependently exacerbated DNA damage. Collectively, our results suggest UTX as a potential therapeutic target for DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Chen
- Tongji School of PharmacyTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Yixue Huang
- Tongji School of PharmacyTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Xiuqin Zhu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell HomeostasisCollege of Life SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Chong Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell HomeostasisCollege of Life SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Yangmian Yuan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell HomeostasisCollege of Life SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Hua Su
- Department of NephrologyUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Chun Zhang
- Department of NephrologyUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Chengyu Liu
- Tongji School of PharmacyTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Mingrui Xiong
- Tongji School of PharmacyTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Yannan Qu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell HomeostasisCollege of Life SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Peng Yun
- The First People's Hospital of JingzhouJingzhouChina
| | - Ling Zheng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell HomeostasisCollege of Life SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Kun Huang
- Tongji School of PharmacyTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
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Tamaki M, Tominaga T, Fujita Y, Koezuka Y, Ichien G, Murakami T, Kishi S, Yamamoto K, Abe H, Nagai K, Doi T. All-trans retinoic acid suppresses bone morphogenetic protein 4 in mouse diabetic nephropathy through a unique retinoic acid response element. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2019; 316:E418-E431. [PMID: 30601699 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00218.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) causes mesangial matrix expansion, which results in glomerulosclerosis and renal failure. Collagen IV (COL4) is a major component of the mesangial matrix that is positively regulated by bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4)/suppressor of mothers against decapentaplegic (Smad1) signaling. Because previous studies showed that retinoids treatment had a beneficial effect on kidney disease, we investigated the therapeutic potential of retinoids in DN, focusing especially on the regulatory mechanism of BMP4. Diabetes was induced with streptozotocin in 12-wk-old male Crl:CD1(ICR) mice, and, 1 mo later, we initiated intraperitoneal injection of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) three times weekly. Glomerular matrix expansion, which was associated with increased BMP4, phosphorylated Smad1, and COL4 expression, worsened in diabetic mice at 24 wk of age. ATRA administration alleviated DN and downregulated BMP4, phosopho-Smad1, and COL4. In cultured mouse mesangial cells, treatment with ATRA or a retinoic acid receptor-α (RARα) agonist significantly decreased BMP4 and COL4 expression. Genomic analysis suggested two putative retinoic acid response elements (RAREs) for the mouse Bmp4 gene. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis and reporter assays indicated a putative RARE of the Bmp4 gene, located 11,488-11,501 bp upstream of exon 1A and bound to RARα and retinoid X receptor (RXR), which suppressed BMP4 expression after ATRA addition. ATRA suppressed BMP4 via binding of a RARα/RXR heterodimer to a unique RARE, alleviating glomerular matrix expansion in diabetic mice. These findings provide a novel regulatory mechanism for treatment of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Tamaki
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School , Tokushima , Japan
| | - Tatsuya Tominaga
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School , Tokushima , Japan
| | - Yui Fujita
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School , Tokushima , Japan
| | | | | | - Taichi Murakami
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School , Tokushima , Japan
| | - Seiji Kishi
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School , Tokushima , Japan
| | | | - Hideharu Abe
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School , Tokushima , Japan
| | - Kojiro Nagai
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School , Tokushima , Japan
| | - Toshio Doi
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School , Tokushima , Japan
- Research Institute for Production Development , Kyoto , Japan
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Dong Z, Sun Y, Wei G, Li S, Zhao Z. Ergosterol Ameliorates Diabetic Nephropathy by Attenuating Mesangial Cell Proliferation and Extracellular Matrix Deposition via the TGF-β1/Smad2 Signaling Pathway. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11020483. [PMID: 30823598 PMCID: PMC6412245 DOI: 10.3390/nu11020483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Diabetic nephropathy, a microvascular complication of diabetes, is one of the principal causes of end-stage renal disease worldwide. The aim of this study was to explore the therapeutic effects of ergosterol on diabetic nephropathy. (2) Methods: Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced C57BL/6 diabetic mice were treated with ergosterol (10, 20, 40 mg/kg/day) for 8 weeks by oral gavage. The in vitro study employed rat mesangial cells exposed to 30 mM glucose for 48 h in the presence of 10 or 20 μM ergosterol. (3) Results: Ergosterol treatment improved body weights, ameliorated the majority of biochemical and renal functional parameters and histopathological changes, and reduced extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition in diabetic mice. In vitro, ergosterol suppressed proliferation, reduced the levels of ECM proteins, and increased the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 in high glucose-induced mesangial cells; Furthermore, ergosterol markedly improved transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) expression, enhanced phosphorylation levels of drosophila mothers against decapentaplegic 2 (Smad2), and regulated the downstream factors in vivo and in vitro. (4) Conclusions: Ergosterol alleviated mesangial cell proliferation and the subsequent ECM deposition by regulating the TGF-β1/Smad2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghua Dong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China.
| | - Yueyue Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China.
| | - Guangwei Wei
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China.
| | - Siying Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China.
| | - Zhongxi Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China.
- Shandong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Jujube Food and Drug, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China.
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31
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Kim HR, Kim SY. Perilla frutescens Sprout Extract Protect Renal Mesangial Cell Dysfunction against High Glucose by Modulating AMPK and NADPH Oxidase Signaling. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11020356. [PMID: 30744045 PMCID: PMC6413074 DOI: 10.3390/nu11020356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt. var. japonica (Hassk.) Hara (PF), is a medical herb of the Lamiaceae family. We have previously reported that the PF sprout extract (PFSE) is effective in treating hyperglycemia. However, the role of PFSE on glomerular mesangial cells (MCs) proliferation and the extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation in a diabetic condition are still unclear. Therefore, in this study, we have investigated the role of PFSE on cell proliferation and ECM accumulation in murine glomerular MCs (MMCs), cultured under a high glucose (HG) condition. PFSE treatment attenuated HG-induced MMCs proliferation and hypertrophy. Moreover, the HG-induced ECM protein, collagen IV and fibronectin, overexpression was abolished by the PFFSE treatment. In addition, PFSE inhibited reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction and NOX2 and NOX4 expression in MMCs under a HG condition. Our data further revealed the involvement of mesangial cell damage in AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) activation. PFSE strongly activated AMPK in MMCs under hyperglycemic conditions. These results suggest that PFSE inhibits HG-medicated MC fibrosis through suppressing the activation of NOX2/4 and the AMPK activation mechanism. PFSE may be useful for the prevention or treatment of diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha-Rim Kim
- Jeonju AgroBio-Materials Institute, 54810, Wonjangdong-gil 111-27, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si 54810, Jeollabuk-do, Korea.
| | - Seon-Young Kim
- Jeonju AgroBio-Materials Institute, 54810, Wonjangdong-gil 111-27, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si 54810, Jeollabuk-do, Korea.
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Yao L, Li J, Li L, Li X, Zhang R, Zhang Y, Mao X. Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt ameliorates high glucose-induced renal fibrosis and inflammation via the TGF-β1/SMADS/AMPK/NF-κB pathways. BMC Complement Altern Med 2019; 19:14. [PMID: 30630477 PMCID: PMC6327481 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2410-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt is an ethnomedicine widely used in Xinjiang, China. It is consumed as a herbal tea by local Uyghur people to treat high blood pressure and diarrhea. Our previous study confirmed that the ethyl acetate extract of Coreopsis tinctoria (AC) had a protective effect on diabetic nephropathy (DN) in an in vivo experiment. Here we aim to elucidate the protective mechanism of AC and marein, the main ingredient in Coreopsis tinctoria on renal fibrosis and inflammation in vitro under high glucose (HG) conditions. METHODS A HG-induced barrier dysfunction model in rat mesangial cells (HBZY-1) was established. The cells were exposed to AC and marein and/or HG for 24 h. Then, the renal protective effects of AC and marein via transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)/Smads, AMP-activated kinase protein (AMPK), and nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-κB) signaling were assessed. RESULTS Both AC and marein suppressed rat mesangial cell hyperplasia and significantly attenuated the expression of HG-disrupted fibrotic and inflammatory proteins in HBZY-1 cells. It was also confirmed that AC and marein remarkably attenuated HG-induced renal inflammation and fibrosis by regulating the AMPK, TGF-β1/Smads, and NF-κB signaling pathways. CONCLUSION These results indicated that AC and marein may delay the progression of DN, at least in part, by suppressing HG-induced renal inflammation and fibrosis. Marein may be one of the bioactive compounds in AC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Yao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, No. 4 Liyushan Park, Urumuqi, 830011 China
| | - Jie Li
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, No. 4 Liyushan Park, Urumuqi, 830011 China
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 88 Yuquan Road, Nankai District, Tianjing, 300000 China
| | - Linlin Li
- College of Basic Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, No. 393 Xinyi Street, Urumuqi, 830011 China
| | - Xinxia Li
- Center of Analysis and Test, Xinjiang Medical University, No. 393 Xinyi Street, Urumuqi, 830011 China
| | - Rui Zhang
- College of Basic Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, No. 393 Xinyi Street, Urumuqi, 830011 China
| | - Yujie Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, No. 4 Liyushan Park, Urumuqi, 830011 China
| | - Xinmin Mao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, No. 4 Liyushan Park, Urumuqi, 830011 China
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Lee EJ, Kang MK, Kim YH, Kim DY, Oh H, Kim SI, Oh SY, Kang YH. Dietary Chrysin Suppresses Formation of Actin Cytoskeleton and Focal Adhesion in AGE-Exposed Mesangial Cells and Diabetic Kidney: Role of Autophagy. Nutrients 2019; 11:E127. [PMID: 30634545 PMCID: PMC6705957 DOI: 10.3390/nu11010127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 12/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGE) play a causative role in the development of aberrant phenotypes of intraglomerular mesangial cells, contributing to acute/chronic glomerulonephritis. The aim of this study was to explore mechanistic effects of the flavonoid chrysin present in bee propolis and herbs on actin dynamics, focal adhesion, and the migration of AGE-exposed mesangial cells. The in vitro study cultured human mesangial cells exposed to 33 mM glucose and 100 μg/mL AGE-bovine serum albumin (AGE-BSA) for up to 5 days in the absence and presence of 1⁻20 μM chrysin. The in vivo study employed db/db mice orally administrated for 10 weeks with 10 mg/kg chrysin. The presence of ≥10 μM chrysin attenuated mesangial F-actin induction and bundle formation enhanced by AGE. Chrysin reduced the mesangial induction of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) by glucose, and diminished the tissue α-SMA level in diabetic kidneys, indicating its blockade of mesangial proliferation. The treatment of chrysin inhibited the activation of vinculin and paxillin and the induction of cortactin, ARP2/3, fascin-1, and Ena/VASP-like protein in AGE-exposed mesangial cells. Oral administration of chrysin diminished tissue levels of cortactin and fascin-1 elevated in diabetic mouse kidneys. Mesangial cell motility was enhanced by AGE, which was markedly attenuated by adding chrysin to cells. On the other hand, chrysin dampened the induction of autophagy-related genes of beclin-1, LC3 I/II, Atg3, and Atg7 in mesangial cells exposed to AGE and in diabetic kidneys. Furthermore, chrysin reduced the mTOR activation in AGE-exposed mesangial cells and diabetic kidneys. The induction of mesangial F-actin, cortactin, and fascin-1 by AGE was deterred by the inhibition of autophagy and mTOR. Thus, chrysin may encumber diabetes-associated formation of actin bundling and focal adhesion and mesangial cell motility through disturbing autophagy and mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Jung Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Kangwon-do 24252, Korea.
| | - Min-Kyung Kang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Kangwon-do 24252, Korea.
| | - Yun-Ho Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Kangwon-do 24252, Korea.
| | - Dong Yeon Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Kangwon-do 24252, Korea.
| | - Hyeongjoo Oh
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Kangwon-do 24252, Korea.
| | - Soo-Il Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Kangwon-do 24252, Korea.
| | - Su Yeon Oh
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Kangwon-do 24252, Korea.
| | - Young-Hee Kang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Kangwon-do 24252, Korea.
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Chen MF, Liou SS, Hong TY, Kao ST, Liu IM. Gigantol has Protective Effects against High Glucose-Evoked Nephrotoxicity in Mouse Glomerulus Mesangial Cells by Suppressing ROS/MAPK/NF-κB Signaling Pathways. Molecules 2018; 24:molecules24010080. [PMID: 30587838 PMCID: PMC6337535 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24010080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 12/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Gigantol is a bibenzyl compound derived from several medicinal orchids. This biologically active compound has shown promising therapeutic potential against diabetic cataracts, but whether this compound exerts beneficial effects on the other diabetic microvascular complications remains unclear. This study was carried out to examine effects of gigantol on high glucose-induced renal cell injury in cultured mouse kidney mesangial cells (MES-13). MES-13 cells were pretreated with gigantol (1, 5, 10 or 20 μmol/L) for 1 h followed by further exposure to high (33.3 mmol/L) glucose for 48 h. Gigantol concentration dependently enhanced cell viability followed by high glucose treatment in MES-13 cells. High glucose induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, malondialdehyde production and glutathione deficiency were recoved in MES-13 cells pretreated with gigantol. High glucose triggered cell apoptosis via the the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, depletion of adenosine triphosphate, upregulation of caspases 9 and 3, enhancement of cytochrome c release, and subsequent interruption of the Bax/Bcl-2 balance. These detrimental effects were ameliorated by gigantol. High glucose also induced activation of JNK, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) in MES-13 cells, which were blocked by gigantol. The results suggest that treatment MES-13 cells with gigantol halts high glucose-induced renal dysfunction through the suppression of the ROS/MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathways. Our data are of value to the understanding the mechanism for gigantol, and would benefit the study of drug development or food supplement for diabetes and nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Fen Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
- College of Nursing, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Rende Dist, Tainan City 71703, Taiwan.
| | - Shorong-Shii Liou
- Department of Pharmacy and Master Program, Collage of Pharmacy and Health Care, Tajen University, Pingtung County 90741, Taiwan.
| | - Tang-Yao Hong
- Department of Biotechnology, Collage of Pharmacy and Health Care, Tajen University, Pingtung County 90741, Taiwan.
| | - Shung-Te Kao
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - I-Min Liu
- Department of Pharmacy and Master Program, Collage of Pharmacy and Health Care, Tajen University, Pingtung County 90741, Taiwan.
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Gan L, Li X, Zhu M, Chen C, Luo H, Zhou Q. Acteoside relieves mesangial cell injury by regulating Th22 cell chemotaxis and proliferation in IgA nephropathy. Ren Fail 2018; 40:364-370. [PMID: 29708439 PMCID: PMC6014492 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2018.1450762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The existing therapies of IgA nephropathy are unsatisfying. Acteoside, the main component of Rehmannia glutinosa with anti-inflammatory and anti-immune effects, can improve urinary protein excretion and immune disorder. Th22 cell is involved in IgA nephropathy progression. This study was determined to explore the effect of acteoside on mesangial injury underlying Th22 cell disorder in IgA nephropathy. Serum Th22 cells and urine total protein of patients with IgA nephropathy were measured before and after six months treatment of Rehmannia glutinosa acteoside or valsartan. Chemotactic assay and co-culture assay were performed to investigate the effect of acteoside on Th22 cell chemotaxis and differentiation. The expression of CCL20, CCL22 and CCL27 were analyzed. To explore the effect of acteoside on mesangial cell injury induced by inflammation, IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α and TGF-β1 were tested. Results showed that the proteinuria and Th22 lymphocytosis of patients with IgA nephropathy significantly improved after combination treatment of Rehmannia glutinosa acteoside and valsartan, compared with valsartan monotherapy. In vitro study further demonstrated that acteoside inhibit Th22 cell chemotaxis by suppressing the production of Th22 cell attractive chemokines, i.e., CCL20, CCL22 and CCL27. In addition, acteoside inhibited the Th22 cell proliferation. Co-culture assay proved that acteoside could relieve the overexpression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and prevent the synthesis of TGF-β1. TGF-β1 level in mesangial cells was positively correlated with the Th22 cell. This research demonstrated that acteoside can alleviate mesangial cell inflammatory injury by modulating Th22 lymphocytes chemotaxis and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Gan
- Department of Nephrology, First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiaozhao Li
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Mengyuan Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Huimin Luo
- Department of Nephrology, First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Qiaoling Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Jiang W, Wang R, Liu D, Zuo M, Zhao C, Zhang T, Li W. Protective Effects of Kaempferitrin on Advanced Glycation End Products Induce Mesangial Cell Apoptosis and Oxidative Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3334. [PMID: 30373106 PMCID: PMC6274833 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and the receptor for AGEs (RAGE) both play important roles in diabetic nephropathy (DN). Previous studies have identified glomerular mesangial cells (GMCs) injury as a key early risk factor in the development of DN. Kaempferitrin (KM) is a potent antioxidant with hypoglycemic action. Although KM is known to protect against AGE-induced damage in GMCs, the effects and the mechanisms by which they occur are poorly understood. In this study, cultured rat GMCs were exposed to AGE-induced oxidative stress (OS) to model DN in vitro. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) was analyzed by 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFH-DA). Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were studied using commercial kits. Mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) was measured by rhodamine 123. Hoechst 33258 and annexin V and propidium iodide (PI) double staining were performed to observe the apoptosis states in GMCs, whereas apoptosis and protective mechanism in AGE-induced GMCs were investigated by Western blot. The data revealed that KM effectively increased SOD activity, decreased MDA levels, suppressed ROS generation, and protected against OS in AGE-induced GMCs. Treatment with KM also inhibited the expression of collagen IV and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), improved mitochondrial membrane potential recovery, and suppressed the mitochondrial/cytochrome c-mediated apoptosis pathway through the expression of anti-apoptotic factors in GMCs in vitro. These findings suggest that KM may be a new potential agent in the treatment of DN in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxian Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China.
| | - Rongshen Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China.
| | - Di Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China.
| | - Min Zuo
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China.
| | - Chunzhen Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China.
| | - Tianliang Zhang
- Experimental Center for Medical Research, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China.
| | - Wanzhong Li
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China.
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Yunlei D, Qiuling F, Xu W, Qianwen Z, Xu C, Li X, Lining W. Transient High-Glucose Stimulation Induces Persistent Inflammatory Factor Secretion from Rat Glomerular Mesangial Cells via an Epigenetic Mechanism. Cell Physiol Biochem 2018; 49:1747-1754. [PMID: 30231246 DOI: 10.1159/000493619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Diabetic nephropathy is the one of the most serious microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus, and "metabolic memory" plays a vital role in the development of diabetic complications. To investigate the effect of epigenetics on metabolic memory, we analyzed the impact of transient high-glucose stimulation on the secretion of inflammatory factors from rat glomerular mesangial cells. METHODS Rat glomerular mesangial cells (HBZY-1) were divided into three groups: high-glucose group (25 mM glucose), hypertonic group (5.5 mM glucose+19.5 mM mannitol), and normal-glucose control group (5.5 mM glucose). Mesangial cells were cultured in high-glucose, hypertonic, and normal-glucose media for 24 h and transitioned to normal-glucose culture for 24, 48, and 72 h. Then, protein, mRNA, and supernatants were harvested. The expression of monomethylated H3K4 was determined by western blot analysis, and the expression of the NF-κB subunit p65 and histone methyltransferase set7/9 was determined by quantitative real-time PCR. The expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) was detected by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Compared with the control group, H3K4me1 expression was upregulated after transient high-glucose stimulation, gradually downregulated in the following 48 h (P < 0.05), and reached the level of the control group at 72 h (P > 0.05). The expression of set7/9 was increased after 24 h of high-glucose stimulation and the following 24 h and 48 h (P < 0.05); it then returned to the level of the control group at 72 h. Compared with the control group, the increased expression of p65, VCAM-1, and MCP-1 was sustained for at least 72 h in the high-glucose group. CONCLUSION Transient high-glucose stimulation can induce the persistent secretion of inflammatory factors from rat glomerular mesangial cells via histone modification.
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Lu Q, Zhou Y, Hao M, Li C, Wang J, Shu F, Du L, Zhu X, Zhang Q, Yin X. The mTOR promotes oxidative stress-induced apoptosis of mesangial cells in diabetic nephropathy. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2018; 473:31-43. [PMID: 29277549 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Glomerular mesangial cell (MC) apoptosis is one of the important mechanisms of glomerulosclerosis, which induces an increased severity of albuminuria and promotes the development of diabetic nephropathy (DN). However, the mechanism by which high glucose (HG) induces MCs apoptosis is not fully understood. In the present study, we investigated the effects of mTOR signalling on apoptosis in cultured MCs exposed to HG and in type I diabetes, and tried to clarify the specific mechanisms underlying these effects. In vitro, exposure of MCs to HG stimulated ROS production, decreased the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and glutathione (GSH) level, increased nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase activity, upregulated P53 expression and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and enhanced cleavage of caspase 3, resulting in an increase in programmed cell death. Pretreatment of the cells with rapamycin ameliorated oxidative stress, reduced the number of apoptotic cells induced by HG and caused the downstream effects of mTOR activation. In vivo, compared with control rats, diabetic rats had more apoptotic cells in glomeruli. Induction of diabetes increased the level of MDA and NADPH oxidase activity, decreased the SOD activity and GSH level, elevated the Bax/Bcl ratio and P53 expression and activated caspase 3. mTOR inhibitor rapamycin treatment prevented these changes further alleviated albuminuria and improved renal function. Taken together, our data suggest that mTOR plays a key role in mediating ROS-induced MC apoptosis in diabetic nephropathy, and these effects have been associated with the promotion of ROS production by upregulating the antioxidant enzyme and downregulating the NADPH oxidase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou, Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuexian Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou, Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Meng Hao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou, Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chengcheng Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou, Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou, Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fanglin Shu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou, Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Du
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou, Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xia Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou, Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiaoli Zhang
- Department of Human Reproductive Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxing Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou, Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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Xie Z, Zhong L, Wu Y, Wan X, Yang H, Xu X, Li P. Carnosic acid improves diabetic nephropathy by activating Nrf2/ARE and inhibition of NF-κB pathway. Phytomedicine 2018; 47:161-173. [PMID: 30166101 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy (DN), one of the most serious complications of diabetes, is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality of end-stage renal disease. Our previous research found that carnosic acid (CA) or rosemary extract can effectively improve glucose and lipid metabolism disorder by inhibiting SREBPs. PURPOSE In this study, we aimed to explore the therapeutic effects of CA on the DN. METHODS The mice glomerular mesangial cells (mGMCs) were used to evaluate the anti-oxidative and anti-inflammation effects of CA under high glucose (HG) condition. Furthermore, db/db mice and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice were used to investigate the effects of CA against DN in vivo. RESULTS The results showed that CA activated Nrf2, inhibited NF-κB pathway and regulated related downstream genes in mGMC under HG condition. A 14-week treatment of mice with CA reduced water uptake and urine volume, attenuated diabetes-induced albuminuria, increased urine creatinine, and subsequently improved the glomerular sclerosis and mesangial expansion in db/db mice. Similarly, a 20-week oral administration of CA improved kidney damage in STZ-induced diabetic mice. In addition, CA inhibited the expression of profibrotic factors, such as TGF-β1, fibronectin and E-cadherin. Compared to irbesartan, CA exerted better glucose lowering effect, and in kidney, CA was more potent to reduce fibronectin and E-cadherin expression. In all the animal experiment, CA did not lead to abnormal damages to other tissues. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that CA is a safe compound which exerts the protective effects on diabetes-induced kidney complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhisheng Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Lingjun Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yanrao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiaomeng Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiaojun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Hagiwara S, Sourris K, Ziemann M, Tieqiao W, Mohan M, McClelland AD, Brennan E, Forbes J, Coughlan M, Harcourt B, Penfold S, Wang B, Higgins G, Pickering R, El-Osta A, Thomas MC, Cooper ME, Kantharidis P. RAGE Deletion Confers Renoprotection by Reducing Responsiveness to Transforming Growth Factor-β and Increasing Resistance to Apoptosis. Diabetes 2018; 67:960-973. [PMID: 29449307 DOI: 10.2337/db17-0538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Signaling via the receptor of advanced glycation end products (RAGE)-though complex and not fully elucidated in the setting of diabetes-is considered a key injurious pathway in the development of diabetic nephropathy (DN). We report here that RAGE deletion resulted in increased expression of fibrotic markers (collagen I and IV, fibronectin) and the inflammatory marker MCP-1 in primary mouse mesangial cells (MCs) and in kidney cortex. RNA sequencing analysis in MCs from RAGE-/- and wild-type mice confirmed these observations. Nevertheless, despite these gene expression changes, decreased responsiveness to transforming growth factor-β was identified in RAGE-/- mice. Furthermore, RAGE deletion conferred a more proliferative phenotype in MCs and reduced susceptibility to staurosporine-induced apoptosis. RAGE restoration experiments in RAGE-/- MCs largely reversed these gene expression changes, resulting in reduced expression of fibrotic and inflammatory markers. This study highlights that protection against DN in RAGE knockout mice is likely to be due in part to the decreased responsiveness to growth factor stimulation and an antiapoptotic phenotype in MCs. Furthermore, it extends our understanding of the role of RAGE in the progression of DN, as RAGE seems to play a key role in modulating the sensitivity of the kidney to injurious stimuli such as prosclerotic cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Hagiwara
- Department of Diabetes, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- JDRF Danielle Alberti Memorial Centre for Diabetes Complications, Diabetes Division, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Karly Sourris
- Department of Diabetes, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- JDRF Danielle Alberti Memorial Centre for Diabetes Complications, Diabetes Division, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Mark Ziemann
- Department of Diabetes, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- JDRF Danielle Alberti Memorial Centre for Diabetes Complications, Diabetes Division, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Wu Tieqiao
- Department of Diabetes, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- JDRF Danielle Alberti Memorial Centre for Diabetes Complications, Diabetes Division, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Muthukumar Mohan
- Department of Diabetes, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- JDRF Danielle Alberti Memorial Centre for Diabetes Complications, Diabetes Division, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Aaron D McClelland
- JDRF Danielle Alberti Memorial Centre for Diabetes Complications, Diabetes Division, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Eoin Brennan
- Department of Diabetes, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- JDRF Danielle Alberti Memorial Centre for Diabetes Complications, Diabetes Division, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Josephine Forbes
- Mater Clinical School, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Melinda Coughlan
- Department of Diabetes, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- JDRF Danielle Alberti Memorial Centre for Diabetes Complications, Diabetes Division, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Brooke Harcourt
- Centre for Hormone Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sally Penfold
- Department of Diabetes, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- JDRF Danielle Alberti Memorial Centre for Diabetes Complications, Diabetes Division, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Bo Wang
- JDRF Danielle Alberti Memorial Centre for Diabetes Complications, Diabetes Division, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Kidney Regeneration and Stem Cell Laboratory, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Gavin Higgins
- Department of Diabetes, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- JDRF Danielle Alberti Memorial Centre for Diabetes Complications, Diabetes Division, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Raelene Pickering
- Department of Diabetes, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- JDRF Danielle Alberti Memorial Centre for Diabetes Complications, Diabetes Division, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Assam El-Osta
- Department of Diabetes, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- JDRF Danielle Alberti Memorial Centre for Diabetes Complications, Diabetes Division, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Merlin C Thomas
- Department of Diabetes, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- JDRF Danielle Alberti Memorial Centre for Diabetes Complications, Diabetes Division, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Mark E Cooper
- Department of Diabetes, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- JDRF Danielle Alberti Memorial Centre for Diabetes Complications, Diabetes Division, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Phillip Kantharidis
- Department of Diabetes, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- JDRF Danielle Alberti Memorial Centre for Diabetes Complications, Diabetes Division, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
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Chen F, Ma Y, Sun Z, Zhu X. Tangeretin inhibits high glucose-induced extracellular matrix accumulation in human glomerular mesangial cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 102:1077-1083. [PMID: 29710524 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.03.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Tangeretin (5, 6, 7, 8, 4'-pentamethoxyflavone), a natural compound extracted from citrus plants, has been shown to possess a variety of pharmacological activities, including anti-oxidant, anti-tumor, cytostatic and anti-diabetic properties. However, the role of tangeretin in diabetic nephropathy (DN) has not yet been investigated. This study was undertaken to elucidate the effects of tangeretin on high glucose (HG)-induced oxidative stress and extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation in human glomerular mesangial cells (MCs) and explore the underlying mechanisms. Our results showed that tangeretin significantly inhibited HG-induced the proliferation of MCs. In addition, tangeretin dramatically reduced the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdhyde (MDA), and induced SOD activity, as well as inhibited the expression of fibronectin (FN) and collagen IV in HG-stimulated MCs. Furthermore, tangeretin efficiently prevented the activation of ERK signaling pathway in HG-stimulated MCs. Taken together, these data indicated that tangeretin inhibits HG-induced cell proliferation, oxidative stress and ECM expression in glomerular MCs, at least in part, through the inactivation of ERK signaling pathway. Therefore, tangeretin may be a potential agent in the treatment of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, Henan, PR China
| | - Yali Ma
- Department of Nephrology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, Henan, PR China.
| | - Zhiqiang Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, Henan, PR China
| | - Xiaoguang Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, Henan, PR China
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Sundararaj K, Rodgers JI, Marimuthu S, Siskind LJ, Bruner E, Nowling TK. Neuraminidase activity mediates IL-6 production by activated lupus-prone mesangial cells. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2018; 314:F630-F642. [PMID: 29357434 PMCID: PMC5966761 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00421.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of nephritis is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in lupus patients. Although the general pathophysiological progression of lupus nephritis is known, the molecular mediators and mechanisms are incompletely understood. Previously, we demonstrated that the glycosphingolipid (GSL) catabolic pathway is elevated in the kidneys of MRL/lpr lupus mice and human lupus patients with nephritis. Specifically, the activity of neuraminidase (NEU) and expression of Neu1, an enzyme in the GSL catabolic pathway is significantly increased. To better understand the role and mechanisms by which this pathway contributes to the progression of LN, we analyzed the expression and effects of NEU activity on the function of MRL/lpr lupus-prone mesangial cells (MCs). We demonstrate that NEU1 and NEU3 promote IL-6 production in MES13 MCs. Neu1 expression, NEU activity, and IL-6 production are significantly increased in stimulated primary MRL/lpr lupus-prone MCs, and blocking NEU activity inhibits IL-6 production. NEU1 and NEU3 expression overlaps IgG deposits in MCs in vitro and in renal sections from nephritic MRL/lpr mice. Together, our results suggest that NEU activity mediates IL-6 production in lupus-prone MCs possibly through an IgG-receptor complex signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamala Sundararaj
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina , Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Jessalyn I Rodgers
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina , Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Subathra Marimuthu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville , Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Leah J Siskind
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville , Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Evelyn Bruner
- Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina , Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Tamara K Nowling
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina , Charleston, South Carolina
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Liu Y, Xiao W, Shinde M, Field J, Templeton DM. Cadmium favors F-actin depolymerization in rat renal mesangial cells by site-specific, disulfide-based dimerization of the CAP1 protein. Arch Toxicol 2018; 92:1049-1064. [PMID: 29222746 PMCID: PMC6925060 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-017-2142-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium is a toxic metal that produces oxidative stress and has been shown to disrupt the actin cytoskeleton in rat renal mesangial cells (RMC). In a survey of proteins that might undergo Cd2+-dependent disulfide crosslinking, we identified the adenylyl cyclase-associated protein, CAP1, as undergoing a dimerization in response to Cd2+ (5-40 µM) that was sensitive to disulfide reducing agents, was reproduced by the disulfide crosslinking agent diamide, and was shown by site-directed mutagenesis to involve the Cys29 residue of the protein. Reactive oxygen species are not involved in the thiol oxidation, and glutathione modulates background levels of dimer. CAP1 is known to enhance cofilin's F-actin severing activity through binding to F-actin and cofilin. F-actin sedimentation and GST-cofilin pulldown studies of CAP1 demonstrated enrichment of the CAP1 dimer's association with cofilin, and in the cofilin-F-actin pellet, suggesting that Cd2+-induced dimer increases the formation of a CAP1-cofilin-F-actin complex. Both siRNA-based silencing of CAP1 and overexpression of a CAP1 mutant lacking Cys29 (and therefore, incapable of dimerization in response to Cd2+) increased RMC viability and provided some protection of F-actin structures against Cd2+. It is concluded that Cd2+ brings about disruption of the RMC cytoskeleton in part through formation of a CAP1 dimer that increases recruitment of cofilin to F-actin filaments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology 1 King's College Circle, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Weiqun Xiao
- Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology 1 King's College Circle, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Manasi Shinde
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Jeffrey Field
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Douglas M Templeton
- Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology 1 King's College Circle, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
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Wang EM, Fan QL, Yue Y, Xu L. Ursolic Acid Attenuates High Glucose-Mediated Mesangial Cell Injury by Inhibiting the Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/Akt/Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (PI3K/Akt/mTOR) Signaling Pathway. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:846-854. [PMID: 29428962 PMCID: PMC5817901 DOI: 10.12659/msm.907814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the protective effect of ursolic acid (UA) on high glucose (HG)-induced human glomerular mesangial cell injury and to determine whether UA inhibits cell proliferation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by suppressing PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway activation. MATERIAL AND METHODS Human mesangial cells were cultured with normal glucose (NG group), high glucose (HG group), mannitol (mannitol hypertonic control group), or high glucose with different concentrations (0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mmol/L) of UA (HG+UA groups). Cell proliferation and intracellular ROS levels were assessed by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) and dichloro-dihydro-fluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) flow cytometry assays, respectively. Western blotting was used to detect mesangial cell expression of PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway components, including Akt, p-Akt, mTOR, and p-mTOR, and proteins related to cell injury, including TGF-β1 and fibronectin (FN). mRNA expression of TGF-β1 and FN were evaluated using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS Abnormal proliferation was observed in human glomerular mesangial cells at 48 h after treatment with HG, and UA suppressed the HG-induced proliferation of mesangial cells in a dose-dependent manner. UA inhibited ROS generation and oxidative stress in mesangial cells and mitigated mesangial cell injury. Treatment with UA reduced Akt and mTOR phosphorylation levels in mesangial cells exposed to HG (p<0.05 vs. HG) and downregulated protein and mRNA expression of TGF-β1 and FN in these cells (p<0.05 vs. HG). CONCLUSIONS UA attenuated mesangial cell proliferation and ROS generation by inhibiting HG-mediated PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway activation, thereby ameliorating mesangial cell damage.
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Tang D, Shen YB, Wang ZH, He B, Xu YH, Nie H, Zhu Q. Rapid Analysis and Guided Isolation of Astragalus Isoflavonoids by UHPLC-DAD-MS n and Their Cellular Antioxidant Defense on High-Glucose-Induced Mesangial Cell Dysfunction. J Agric Food Chem 2018; 66:1105-1113. [PMID: 29091441 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b02949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Isoflavonoids, including isoflavones, isoflavans, and pterocarpans, the principal components in Astragalus membranaceus, have a great deal of versatile health-promoting benefits. In this work, as a continuation of our search for bioactive constituents from A. membranaceus, a fast high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection-multiple-stage mass spectrometry method was first used to analyze the isoflavonoid profile of A. membranaceus roots extract. Twelve diverse isoflavonoids in subclasses of isoflavones, isoflavans, and pterocarpans present in glycoside/aglycone pair forms were tentatively characterized; of those 12, eight major isoflavonoids were finally isolated and simultaneously quantified by the established fast UHPLC method. Furthermore, the results confirmed for the first time that Astragalus isoflavonoid aglycones could attenuate mesangial cell proliferation and extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation triggered by high glucose levels, and the primary mechanism might be via protecting intracellular antioxidant enzymes activities and enhancing endogenous antioxidant function to lower levels of cellular oxidative damage induced by high glucose levels. Collectively, diverse Astragalus isoflavonoid antioxidants have the potential to ameliorate high-glucose-induced mesangial cell dysfunction through the regulation of cellular antioxidant defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Tang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
| | - Ying-Bin Shen
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Hua Wang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
| | - Bao He
- Institute of Kidney Diseases, Guangdong Consun Pharmaceutical Group , Guangzhou 510530, P. R. China
| | - You-Hua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology , Macau, P. R. China
| | - Hong Nie
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
| | - Quan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology , Macau, P. R. China
- Institute of Kidney Diseases, Guangdong Consun Pharmaceutical Group , Guangzhou 510530, P. R. China
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Fujishiro H, Liu Y, Ahmadi B, Templeton DM. Protective effect of cadmium-induced autophagy in rat renal mesangial cells. Arch Toxicol 2017; 92:619-631. [PMID: 29218509 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-017-2103-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium damages renal cells, and in particular may cause mesangial cell death by necrosis or apoptosis, depending on exposure conditions in cultured cells. However, there is an uncertainty as to whether Cd2+-induced autophagy can protect mesangial cells against these other mechanisms of cell death. We have used autophagy-incompetent mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells lacking the Atg16 gene, as well as cultured rat mesangial cells (RMC) in which Atg16 has been silenced, to examine this issue. Measuring the processing of LC3-I to LC3-II and expression of sequestosome-1 (p62), we define conditions under which RMC can be induced to undergo autophagy in response to 0-20 µM CdCl2. Similarly, Cd2+ can initiate autophagy in MEF cells. However, when autophagy is compromised, either by gene knockout in MEF cells or by RNA silencing in RMC, cell viability is decreased, and concomitantly a Cd2+ dose-dependent increase in pro-caspase-3 cleavage indicates the initiation of apoptotic cell death. In contrast to some previous reports, Cd2+-induced autophagy is not correlated with increased levels of cellular reactive oxygen species but, among a panel of kinases investigated, is suppressed by inhibition of the Jun kinase. We conclude that concentrations of Cd2+ that initiate autophagy may afford renal mesangial cells some degree of protection against other modes (apoptosis, necrosis) of cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitomi Fujishiro
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 1A8, Canada
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Yamashiro-cho, Tokushima, 770-8514, Japan
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Bilal Ahmadi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Douglas M Templeton
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 1A8, Canada.
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Chang JT, Liang YJ, Hsu CY, Chen CY, Chen PJ, Yang YF, Chen YL, Pei D, Chang JB, Leu JG. Glucagon-like peptide receptor agonists attenuate advanced glycation end products-induced inflammation in rat mesangial cells. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2017; 18:67. [PMID: 29065926 PMCID: PMC5655807 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-017-0172-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperglycemia-induced advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and receptor for AGEs (RAGE) production play major roles in progression of diabetic nephropathy. Anti-RAGE effect of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-delta (PPARδ) agonists was shown in previous studies. PPARδ agonists also stimulate glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion from human intestinal cells. METHODS In this study, the individual and synergic anti-inflammatory effects of GLP-1 receptor (exendin-4) and PPARδ (L-165,041) agonists in AGE-treated rat mesangial cells (RMC) were investigated. RESULTS The results showed both exendin-4 and L-165,041 significantly attenuated AGE-induced IL-6 and TNF-α production, RAGE expression, and cell death in RMC. Similar anti-inflammatory potency was seen between 0.3 nM exendin-4 and 1 μM L-165,041. Synergic effect of exendin-4 and L-165,041 was shown in inhibiting cytokines production, but not in inhibiting RAGE expression or cell death. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that both GLP-1 receptor and PPARδ agonists have anti-inflammatory effect on AGE-treated rat mesangial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jui-Ting Chang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Jen Liang
- Department and Institute of Life Science, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Engineering, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yu Hsu
- Department and Institute of Life Science, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Yi Chen
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Engineering, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Jung Chen
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Engineering, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Feng Yang
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Engineering, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Lin Chen
- Department of Pathology, Cardinal Tien Hospital, Medical School, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Fu-Jen Catholic University School of Medicine, No. 510, Zhongzheng Road, Xinzhuang District, New Taipei City, 24205 Taiwan
| | - Dee Pei
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Cardinal Tien Hospital, Medical School, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Fu-Jen Catholic University School of Medicine, No. 510, Zhongzheng Road, Xinzhuang District, New Taipei City, 24205 Taiwan
| | - Jin-Biou Chang
- Department of Pathology, National Defense Medical Center, Division of Clinical Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Gang Leu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Fu-Jen Catholic University School of Medicine, No. 510, Zhongzheng Road, Xinzhuang District, New Taipei City, 24205 Taiwan
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Feng X, Gao W, Li Y. Caveolin-1 is involved in high glucose accelerated human glomerular mesangial cell senescence. Korean J Intern Med 2017; 32:883-889. [PMID: 27048255 PMCID: PMC5583444 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2015.254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2015] [Revised: 09/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS We demonstrated the role of caveolin-1 involved in high glucose (HG)-induced glomerular mesangial cells (GMCs) senescence. METHODS HG was used to stimulate GMCs. The telomere lengths were analyzed by Southern blot. β-Galactosidase staining was determined. The expressions of caveolin-1 and P53 proteins were determined by Western blot. RESULTS Treatment with high concentrations of glucose induced GMC senescence accompanied by shortened telomere length and increase of β-galactosidase staining as well as P53 protein, which was abrogated after application of caveolin-1-siRNA. CONCLUSIONS This study proved that HG induced cell senescence in GMCs. The caveolin-1 is involved in HG-induced mesangial cell senescence, and blocking caveolin-1 significantly reduced cell senescence. The effect of caveolin-1 is mediated by P53 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Feng
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, China
- Correspondence to Wei Gao, M.D. Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical University, No 2, RenMin Street, Guta, Jinzhou 121000, China E-mail:
| | - Yao Li
- Department of Physiology, Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, China
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Bai J, Geng W, Mei Y, Wu L, Duan S, Dong Z, Fu B, Wang Y, Zhu F, Cai G, Feng Z, Lin S, Chen X. Effect of Huaier On the Proliferation of Mesangial Cells in Anti-Thy-1 Nephritis. Cell Physiol Biochem 2017; 42:2441-2452. [PMID: 28848114 DOI: 10.1159/000480198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS To determine whether an aqueous extract of Trametes robiniophila Murr. (Huaier) suppresses anti-Thy-1 mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (MsPGN) in vivo and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB-induced mesangial cell proliferation in vitro. METHODS Male Wistar rats were randomly categorized into 5 groups: Sham, Thy-1, and 3 Huaier-treated groups (low, medium, and high dose). Two weeks after treatment, urinary proteins were quantified and renal pathological changes were examined. MAX interactor 1 (Mxi-1) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression levels in isolated glomeruli, rat mesangial cell viability, cell-cycle distribution, and cell-cycle pathways were assessed. RESULTS Huaier diminished the proliferative damages and urinary protein secretion in Thy-1 rats. PCNA was downregulated, whereas Mxi-1 was upregulated in the isolated glomeruli of Huaier-treated groups compared with the Thy-1 group. Huaier inhibited PDGF-BB- stimulated proliferation of rat mesangial cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner (50% inhibitory concentration = 6.19 mg/mL) and induced G2 cell-cycle arrest. Cell-cycle pathway proteins were downregulated, whereas Mxi-1 was upregulated in Huaier-treated mesangial cells compared with PDGF-BB-stimulated cells. CONCLUSION Huaier reduces urinary protein excretion and relieves hyperplasia in mesangial cells in anti-Thy-1 MsPGN as well as inhibits PDGF-BB-stimulated proliferation and DNA synthesis of rat mesangial cells in vitro, suggesting its novel therapeutic potential in MsPGN.
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Yuan ZX, Jia L, Lim LY, Lin JC, Shu G, Zhao L, Ye G, Liang XX, Ji H, Fu HL. Renal-targeted delivery of triptolide by entrapment in pegylated TRX-20-modified liposomes. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:5673-5686. [PMID: 28848346 PMCID: PMC5557620 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s141095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, 3,5-dipentadecyloxybenzamidine hydrochloride (TRX-20)-modified liposomes were reported to specifically target mesangial cells (MCs) in glomeruli. To further gain a better understanding of the characteristics and potential application for glomerular diseases of TRX-20-modified liposomes, we synthesized TRX-20 and prepared TRX-20-modified liposomes (TRX-LPs) with different molar ratios - 6% (6%-TRX-LP), 11% (11%-TRX-LP), and 14% (14%-TRX-LP) - of TRX-20 to total lipid in the present study. All TRX-LPs exhibited concentration-dependent toxicity against the MCs at a lipid concentration ranging from 0.01 to 1.0 mg/mL with IC50 values of 3.45, 1.13, and 0.55 mg/mL, respectively. Comparison of the cell viability of TRX-LPs indicated that high levels of TRX-20 caused severe cell mortality, with 11%-TRX-LP showing the higher cytoplasmic accumulation in the MCs. Triptolide (TP) as a model drug was first loaded into 11%-TRX-LP and the liposomes were further modified with PEG5000 (PEG-TRX-TP-LP) in an attempt to prolong their circulation in blood and enhance TP-mediated immune suppression. Due to specific binding to MCs, PEG-TRX-TP-LP undoubtedly showed better anti-inflammatory action in vitro, evidenced by the inhibition of release of nitric oxide (NO) and tumor necrosis factor-α from lipopolysaccharide-stimulated MCs, compared with free TP at the same dose. In vivo, the PEG-TRX-TP-LP effectively attenuated the symptoms of membranous nephropathic (MN) rats and improved biochemical markers including proteinuria, serum cholesterol, and albumin. Therefore, it can be concluded that the TRX-modified liposome is an effective platform to target the delivery of TP to glomeruli for the treatment of MN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-xiang Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan
| | - Lu Jia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanxi Provincial People’ Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Lee Yong Lim
- Pharmacy, Centre for Optimization of Medicines, School of Allied Health, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - Ju-chun Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan
| | - Gang Shu
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan
| | - Ling Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan
| | - Gang Ye
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan
| | - Xiao-xia Liang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan
| | - Hongming Ji
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanxi Provincial People’ Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Hua-lin Fu
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan
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