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Vallacchi V, Vergani E, Cossa M, Gargiuli C, Busico A, Devecchi A, Dugo M, Bergamaschi L, De Cecco L, Cavalieri S, Valeri B, Tamborini E, Gallino G, Del Vecchio M, Santinami M, Sensi M, Rivoltini L, Di Guardo L, Rodolfo M. Multistep tumor genetic evolution and changes in immunogenicity trigger immune-mediated disease eradication in stage IV melanoma: lessons from a single case. J Immunother Cancer 2024; 12:e007612. [PMID: 38177075 PMCID: PMC10773440 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2023-007612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Durable remissions are observed in 10%-20% of treated patients with advanced metastatic melanoma but the factors associated with long-term complete clinical responses are largely unknown. Here, we report the molecular characteristics of tumor evolution during disease progression along a 9-year clinical course in a patient with advanced disseminated melanoma who received different treatments, including trametinib, ipilimumab, radiation, vemurafenib, surgical tumor debulking and a second ipilimumab course, ultimately achieving complete long-term disease remission.Longitudinal analyses of therapies-resistant metastatic tumors revealed the effects of different treatments on tumor's microenvironment and immunogenicity, ultimately creating a milieu favorable to immunotherapy response. Monitoring of the temporal dynamics of T cells by analysis of the T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire in the tumor and peripheral blood during disease evolution indicated that T-cell clones with common TCR rearrangements, present at low levels at baseline, were maintained and expanded after immunotherapy, and that TCR diversity increased. Analysis of genetic, molecular, and cellular components of the tumor depicted a multistep process in which treatment with kinase inhibitors strongly conditioned the immune microenvironment creating an inflamed milieu converting cold into hot tumors, while ipilimumab impacted and increased the TCR repertoire, a requirement for tumor rejection.Since the optimal sequencing of treatment with antibodies targeting immune checkpoints and kinase inhibitors for advanced melanoma is still clinically debated, this case indicates that immunotherapy success is possible even after progression on targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana Vallacchi
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Unit of Translational Immunology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Vergani
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Unit of Translational Immunology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Mara Cossa
- Pathology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Gargiuli
- Applied Research and Technology Development Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Adele Busico
- Department of Diagnostic Innovation, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Devecchi
- Department of Diagnostic Innovation, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Dugo
- Department of Medical Oncology, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Bergamaschi
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Unit of Translational Immunology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Loris De Cecco
- Integrated Biology of Rare Tumors, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Cavalieri
- Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Valeri
- Pathology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Tamborini
- Department of Diagnostic Innovation, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Michele Del Vecchio
- Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Santinami
- Melanoma Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Marialuisa Sensi
- Applied Research and Technology Development Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Licia Rivoltini
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Unit of Translational Immunology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenza Di Guardo
- Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Rodolfo
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Unit of Translational Immunology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
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Gargiuli C, De Cecco L, Mariancini A, Iannò MF, Micali A, Mancinelli E, Boeri M, Sozzi G, Dugo M, Sensi M. A Cross-Comparison of High-Throughput Platforms for Circulating MicroRNA Quantification, Agreement in Risk Classification, and Biomarker Discovery in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:911613. [PMID: 35928879 PMCID: PMC9343840 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.911613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundCirculating microRNAs (ct-miRs) are promising cancer biomarkers. This study focuses on platform comparison to assess performance variability, agreement in the assignment of a miR signature classifier (MSC), and concordance for the identification of cancer-associated miRs in plasma samples from non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.MethodsA plasma cohort of 10 NSCLC patients and 10 healthy donors matched for clinical features and MSC risk level was profiled for miR expression using two sequencing-based and three quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qPCR)-based platforms. Intra- and inter-platform variations were examined by correlation and concordance analysis. The MSC risk levels were compared with those estimated using a reference method. Differentially expressed ct-miRs were identified among NSCLC patients and donors, and the diagnostic value of those dysregulated in patients was assessed by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. The downregulation of miR-150-5p was verified by qPCR. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) lung carcinoma dataset was used for validation at the tissue level.ResultsThe intra-platform reproducibility was consistent, whereas the highest values of inter-platform correlations were among qPCR-based platforms. MSC classification concordance was >80% for four platforms. The dysregulation and discriminatory power of miR-150-5p and miR-210-3p were documented. Both were significantly dysregulated also on TCGA tissue-originated profiles from lung cell carcinoma in comparison with normal samples.ConclusionOverall, our studies provide a large performance analysis between five different platforms for miR quantification, indicate the solidity of MSC classifier, and identify two noninvasive biomarkers for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Gargiuli
- Platform of Integrated Biology Unit, Department of Applied Research and Technology Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Loris De Cecco
- Platform of Integrated Biology Unit, Department of Applied Research and Technology Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
- *Correspondence: Marialuisa Sensi, ; Loris De Cecco,
| | - Andrea Mariancini
- Platform of Integrated Biology Unit, Department of Applied Research and Technology Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Federica Iannò
- Platform of Integrated Biology Unit, Department of Applied Research and Technology Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Arianna Micali
- Platform of Integrated Biology Unit, Department of Applied Research and Technology Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Mancinelli
- Platform of Integrated Biology Unit, Department of Applied Research and Technology Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Mattia Boeri
- Tumor Genomics Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriella Sozzi
- Tumor Genomics Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Dugo
- Platform of Integrated Biology Unit, Department of Applied Research and Technology Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Marialuisa Sensi
- Platform of Integrated Biology Unit, Department of Applied Research and Technology Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
- *Correspondence: Marialuisa Sensi, ; Loris De Cecco,
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Todoerti K, Sepe P, Andrea D, Busico A, Agnelli L, Perrone F, Gargiuli C, Dugo M, De Cecco L, Claps M, Fotia G, Guadalupi V, Verzoni E, Procopio G. Molecular analyses of metastatic collecting ducts renal cell carcinoma from the phase 2 prospective trial of cabozantinib as first-line treatment (BONSAI trial Meeturo 2). J Clin Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2022.40.16_suppl.e16507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
e16507 Background: The phase II BONSAI trial ( n = 25 ; NCT 03354884) met the primary endpoint demonstrating activity of cabozantinib in untreated metastatic collecting ducts carcinoma (mCDC), a rare and biologically poorly characterized disease. Here we report on molecular analyses of baseline tissue samples. Methods: Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples from 18 mCDC patients enrolled in BONSAI were sequenced by TruSeq RNA Exome kit (Illumina). The data were mapped and quantified using STAR and htseq, respectively. Globaltest and edgeR packages in R were used to assess the correlation between transcriptional profiles and survival data. Nineteen samples underwent DNA Sequencing with the Oncomine Comprehensive Assay Plus (ThermoFisher Scientific). The reads were aligned to the human genome reference (hg19) and analyzed with Opencravat and IonReporter software. Germline variants were excluded based on 1000 Genomes, GnomAd and Exac databases, and Clinical annotation of somatic variants was performed using ClinVar. Results: The global expression levels of thirty-one genes have been found significantly associated with overall survival (OS). The natural grouping of the 18 tumor samples based on the 31-gene signature identified a main group of 11 cases, showing global higher expression levels in 22 out of the 31 genes. This group displayed overall a significant higher OS rate in comparison to the remaining 7 patients, carrying opposite expression trend and mostly undergoing to disease progression. The identified signature was enriched in biological processes like cell junction, cytoskeleton organization and methylation. FOS oncogene was among the 9 genes negatively associated to OS, showing common higher expression in the poorer survival rate group. Furthermore, a 22-gene signature was found significantly associated with progression-free survival (PFS), involving mainly genes associated to cell cycle regulation or recognized as components of Golgi apparatus. Only three genes were globally up-regulated in the group of 9 patients characterized by shorter PFS. Finally, heterogeneous pattern of somatic mutations was identified in 19 tumor samples, with at least 8 genes recurrently affected in more than three patients. Notably, mutated genes were mostly involved in DNA repair and chromatin modification processes. Conclusions: Our findings for the first time define specific molecular signatures that differentiate therapy-specific outcomes in first-line mCDC, warranting further investigation of their involvement in the tumor biology. Clinical trial information: NCT 03354884.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Todoerti
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | - Pierangela Sepe
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Devecchi Andrea
- Department of Pathology IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | - Adele Busico
- Department of Pathology IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Agnelli
- Department of Pathology IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | - Federica Perrone
- Department of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Gargiuli
- Platform of Integrated Biology, Department of Applied Research and Technology Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Dugo
- Platform of Integrated Biology, Department of Applied Research and Technology Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Loris De Cecco
- Platform of Integrated Biology, Department of Applied Research and Technology Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Melanie Claps
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Fotia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | - Valentina Guadalupi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Verzoni
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Procopio
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy
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Pizzamiglio S, Ciniselli CM, Triulzi T, Gargiuli C, De Cecco L, de Azambuja E, Fumagalli D, Sotiriou C, Harbeck N, Izquierdo M, Nuciforo P, Huober J, Cappelletti V, Cinieri S, Piccart M, Daidone MG, Pruneri G, Colombo MP, Tagliabue E, Verderio P, Di Cosimo S. Integrated Molecular and Immune Phenotype of HER2-Positive Breast Cancer and Response to Neoadjuvant Therapy: A NeoALTTO Exploratory Analysis. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:6307-6313. [PMID: 34548320 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-21-1600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the efficacy of HER2-targeted therapy in patients with breast cancer showing different HER2-pathway dependence and immune phenotypes. Herein, we report a NeoALTTO exploratory analysis evaluating the clinical value of 22 types of tumor-infiltrating immune cells by CIBERSORT and 5 immune-related metagenes in the overall patient population, and in subgroups defined by the TRAR classifier as HER2-addicted (TRAR-low) or not (TRAR-high). METHODS Association of baseline TRAR, immune-related metagenes, and CIBERSORT data with pathologic complete response (pCR) and event-free survival (EFS) were assessed using logistic and Cox regression models. Corrections for multiple testing were performed by the Bonferroni method. RESULTS A total of 226 patients were analyzed: 80 (35%) achieved a pCR, and 64 (28%) experienced a relapse with a median follow-up of 6.7 (interquartile range 6.1-6.8) years; 108 cases were classified as TRAR-low, and 118 TRAR-high. Overall, γδ T-cell fraction [OR = 2.69; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.40-5.18], and no immune-related metagenes were predictive of pCR. Notably, lymphocyte-specific kinase (LCK) predicted pCR to combination (OR = 2.53; 95% CI, 1.12-5.69), but not to single-agent trastuzumab or lapatinib [OR = 0.74; 95% CI, 0.45-1.22 (P interaction = 0.01)]. Integrating LCK with γδ T cells in a multivariate model added to the discriminatory capability of clinical and molecular variables with a shift in AUC from 0.80 (95% CI, 0.74-0.86) to 0.83 (95% CI, 0.78-0.89). In TRAR-low cases, activated mast cells, IFN and MHCII were reduced, and STAT1, HCK1, and γδ T cells were associated with pCR. STAT1 was broadly associated with improved EFS regardless of pCR, and nodal status in overall (HR = 0.68; 95% CI, 0.49-0.94) and in TRAR-low cases (HR = 0.50; 95% CI, 0.30-0.86). CONCLUSIONS Immuno-phenotyping holds the promise to complement current predictive models in HER2-positive breast cancer and to assist in new therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Pizzamiglio
- Unit of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Maura Ciniselli
- Unit of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Tiziana Triulzi
- Molecular Targeting Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Gargiuli
- Biomarkers Unit, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Loris De Cecco
- Platform of Integrated Biology, Department of Applied Research and Technology Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Christos Sotiriou
- Institut Jules Bordet and l'Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.LB), Belgium
| | - Nadia Harbeck
- Brustzentrum der Universität München (LMU), München, Germany
| | | | - Paolo Nuciforo
- Molecular Oncology Group, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jens Huober
- University of Ulm, Breast Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Vera Cappelletti
- Biomarkers Unit, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Martine Piccart
- Institut Jules Bordet and l'Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.LB), Belgium
| | - Maria Grazia Daidone
- Biomarkers Unit, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Pruneri
- Department of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Paolo Colombo
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Elda Tagliabue
- Molecular Targeting Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Verderio
- Unit of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Serena Di Cosimo
- Biomarkers Unit, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.
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Procopio G, Claps M, Sepe P, Buti S, de Cecco L, Devecchi A, Dugo M, Gargiuli C, Guadalupi V, Ottini A, Sensi M, De Braud F, Verzoni E. 654MO A phase II prospective trial of frontline cabozantinib in metastatic collecting ducts renal cell carcinoma: The BONSAI trial (Meeturo 2). Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Gargiuli C, Sepe P, Tessari A, Sheetz T, Colecchia M, de Braud FGM, Procopio G, Sensi M, Verzoni E, Dugo M. Integrative Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Distinctive Molecular Traits and Novel Subtypes of Collecting Duct Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:2903. [PMID: 34200770 PMCID: PMC8230422 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13122903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Collecting duct carcinoma (CDC) is a rare and highly aggressive kidney cancer subtype with poor prognosis and no standard treatments. To date, only a few studies have examined the transcriptomic portrait of CDC. Through integration of multiple datasets, we compared CDC to normal tissue, upper-tract urothelial carcinomas, and other renal cancers, including clear cell, papillary, and chromophobe histologies. Association between CDC gene expression signatures and in vitro drug sensitivity data was evaluated using the Cancer Therapeutic Response Portal, Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer datasets, and connectivity map. We identified a CDC-specific gene signature that predicted in vitro sensitivity to different targeted agents and was associated to worse outcome in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. We showed that CDC are transcriptionally related to the principal cells of the collecting ducts providing evidence that this tumor originates from this normal kidney cell type. Finally, we proved that CDC is a molecularly heterogeneous disease composed of at least two subtypes distinguished by cell signaling, metabolic and immune-related alterations. Our findings elucidate the molecular features of CDC providing novel biological and clinical insights. The identification of distinct CDC subtypes and their transcriptomic traits provides the rationale for patient stratification and alternative therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Gargiuli
- Platform of Integrated Biology, Department of Applied Research and Technology Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Pierangela Sepe
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; (P.S.); (F.G.M.d.B.); (G.P.); (E.V.)
| | - Anna Tessari
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (A.T.); (T.S.)
| | - Tyler Sheetz
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (A.T.); (T.S.)
- Department of Urology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Maurizio Colecchia
- Department of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Filippo Guglielmo Maria de Braud
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; (P.S.); (F.G.M.d.B.); (G.P.); (E.V.)
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Procopio
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; (P.S.); (F.G.M.d.B.); (G.P.); (E.V.)
| | - Marialuisa Sensi
- Platform of Integrated Biology, Department of Applied Research and Technology Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Elena Verzoni
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy; (P.S.); (F.G.M.d.B.); (G.P.); (E.V.)
| | - Matteo Dugo
- Platform of Integrated Biology, Department of Applied Research and Technology Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy;
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Procopio G, Sepe P, Buti S, Claps M, Colecchia M, De Cecco L, Andrea D, Dugo M, Gargiuli C, Giannatempo P, Guadalupi V, Mariani L, Ottini A, Sensi M, De Braud FG, Verzoni E. A phase 2 prospective trial of cabozantinib as first-line treatment for metastatic collecting ducts renal cell carcinoma: The BONSAI trial (Meeturo 2) clinical trial information—NCT03354884. J Clin Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.4571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
4571 Background: Metastatic collecting ducts carcinoma (mCDC) is a rare disease with bad prognosis and no standard treatments. Due to its rarity, mCDC is biologically poorly characterized and under-represented in prospective randomized trials. We recently identified two different molecular subtypes of mCDC based on relative expression levels of angiogenesis, metabolic and immune-related genes. Methods: : This prospective, monocentric, phase II trial evaluated cabozantinib (cabo) 60 mg orally once daily until progression or unacceptable toxicity in untreated mCDC patients (pts). Primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR) as the proportion of pts with best overall response of confirmed complete (CR) or partial responses (PR) per RECIST 1.1. Secondary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival and safety profile. Exploratory objectives were: to identify somatic mutations by targeted NGS-based sequencing; to define molecular subtypes, signatures and transcript fusions genes by RNA sequencing; to monitor circulating immune cells and study the immunological context of tumor cells. A central pathological review was mandatory. The study was based on a Simon’s two stage optimal design: at least 2 responses in 9 pts in the first stage were needed to proceed to the second stage where at least 6 responses in 14 additional pts were needed to prove activity of cabo. Results: From January 2018 to November 2020, 25 pts were enrolled, of whom 23 started treatment. Median age was 66 years, 19 pts were male. 19 (83%) pts received a previous nephrectomy. 9 pts presented with only one metastatic site, 8 pts with two, while the remaining part with multiple sites. The most common metastatic sites were lymphnodes and bone (15 and 13 pts respectively), followed by lung and liver (10 and 4 pts respectively). Median follow up was 8 months. As best overall response, 6 pts presented a stable disease (26%),1 pt achieved a confimed CR and 7 a PR for an ORR of 35%. Median PFS was 6 months. Treatment was feasible and well tolerated. All pts reported at least one grade (G) 1-2 adverse event (AE): the most common were fatigue (43%), hypotiroidism (28%), stomatitis (28%), anorexia (26%), Hand-Foot Syndrome (13%), hypertension (17%), and diarrhea (13%). 5 pts reported G3 AEs (2 thromboembolic events, 2 arterial hypertension, 1 fatigue), while no G4-5 AEs were reported. 17% of pts required dose reduction. DNA sequencing on CDC showed to be feasible, finding 256 mutations in 119 genes (missens mutations the majority). Altered genes, molecular subtypes and signatures will be associated to different outcomes and responses to cabo. Conclusions: The study met its primary endpoint showing promising efficacy and acceptable tolerability of cabo in mCDC pts. Mature results according to mutational profiles and gene signatures will be presented. Clinical trial information: NCT03354884.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Procopio
- Fondazione Istituto Nazionale Tumori Oncologia Medica Genitourinaria, Milan, Italy
| | - Pierangela Sepe
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Buti
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Melanie Claps
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Maurizio Colecchia
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Loris De Cecco
- Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Devecchi Andrea
- Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Functional Genomics and Bioinformatics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Dugo
- Platform of Integrated Biology, Department of Applied Research and Technology Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Gargiuli
- Platform of Integrated Biology, Department of Applied Research and Technology Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Valentina Guadalupi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Luigi Mariani
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Arianna Ottini
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Marialuisa Sensi
- Platform of Integrated Biology, Department of Applied Research and Technology Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Filippo G. De Braud
- Medical Oncology Department, ENETS Center of Excellence, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori and Oncology and Hemato-oncology Department, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Verzoni
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
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Colombo C, Minna E, Gargiuli C, Muzza M, Dugo M, De Cecco L, Pogliaghi G, Tosi D, Bulfamante G, Greco A, Fugazzola L, Borrello MG. The molecular and gene/miRNA expression profiles of radioiodine resistant papillary thyroid cancer. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2020; 39:245. [PMID: 33198784 PMCID: PMC7667839 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01757-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the most frequent endocrine tumor. Radioiodine (RAI) treatment is highly effective in these tumors, but up to 60% of metastatic cases become RAI-refractory. Scanty data are available on either the molecular pattern of radioiodine refractory papillary thyroid cancers (PTC) or the mechanisms responsible for RAI resistance. Methods We analyzed the molecular profile and gene/miRNA expression in primary PTCs, synchronous and RAI-refractory lymph node metastases (LNMs) in correlation to RAI avidity or refractoriness. We classified patients as RAI+/D+ (RAI uptake/disease persistence), RAI−/D+ (absent RAI uptake/disease persistence), and RAI+/D- (RAI uptake/disease remission), and analyzed the molecular and gene/miRNA profiles, and the expression of thyroid differentiation (TD) related genes. Results A different molecular profile according to the RAI class was observed: BRAFV600E cases were more frequent in RAI−/D+ (P = 0.032), and fusion genes in RAI+/D+ cases. RAI+/D- patients were less frequently pTERT mutations positive, and more frequently wild type for the tested mutations/fusions. Expression profiles clearly distinguished PTC from normal thyroid. On the other hand, in refractory cases (RAI+/D+ and RAI−/D+) no distinctive PTC expression patterns were associated with either tissue type, or RAI uptake, but with the driving lesion and BRAF−/RAS-like subtype. Primary tumors and RAI-refractory LNMs with BRAFV600E mutation display transcriptome similarity suggesting that RAI minimally affects the expression profiles of RAI-refractory metastases. Molecular profiles associated with the expression of TPO, SLC26A4 and TD genes, that were found more downregulated in BRAFV600E than in gene fusions tumors. Conclusions The present data indicate a different molecular profile in RAI-avid and RAI-refractory metastatic PTCs. Moreover, BRAFV600E tumors displayed reduced differentiation and intrinsic RAI refractoriness, while PTCs with fusion oncogenes are RAI-avid but persistent, suggesting different oncogene-driven mechanisms leading to RAI refractoriness. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-020-01757-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Colombo
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,Division of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuela Minna
- Department of Research, Molecular Mechanisms Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Gargiuli
- Department of Applied Research and Technology Development, Platform of Integrated Biology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Marina Muzza
- Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Research, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Dugo
- Department of Applied Research and Technology Development, Platform of Integrated Biology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Loris De Cecco
- Department of Applied Research and Technology Development, Platform of Integrated Biology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriele Pogliaghi
- Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Research, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Delfina Tosi
- Department of Health Sciences, Division of Human Pathology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Gaetano Bulfamante
- Department of Health Sciences, Division of Human Pathology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Angela Greco
- Department of Research, Molecular Mechanisms Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Fugazzola
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy. .,Division of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Maria Grazia Borrello
- Department of Research, Molecular Mechanisms Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.
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9
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Vergani E, Dugo M, Cossa M, Frigerio S, Di Guardo L, Gallino G, Mattavelli I, Vergani B, Lalli L, Tamborini E, Valeri B, Gargiuli C, Shahaj E, Ferrarini M, Ferrero E, Gomez Lira M, Huber V, Vecchio MD, Sensi M, Leone BE, Santinami M, Rivoltini L, Rodolfo M, Vallacchi V. miR-146a-5p impairs melanoma resistance to kinase inhibitors by targeting COX2 and regulating NFkB-mediated inflammatory mediators. Cell Commun Signal 2020; 18:156. [PMID: 32967672 PMCID: PMC7510138 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-020-00601-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Targeted therapy with BRAF and MEK inhibitors has improved the survival of patients with BRAF-mutated metastatic melanoma, but most patients relapse upon the onset of drug resistance induced by mechanisms including genetic and epigenetic events. Among the epigenetic alterations, microRNA perturbation is associated with the development of kinase inhibitor resistance. Here, we identified and studied the role of miR-146a-5p dysregulation in melanoma drug resistance. Methods The miR-146a-5p-regulated NFkB signaling network was identified in drug-resistant cell lines and melanoma tumor samples by expression profiling and knock-in and knock-out studies. A bioinformatic data analysis identified COX2 as a central gene regulated by miR-146a-5p and NFkB. The effects of miR-146a-5p/COX2 manipulation were studied in vitro in cell lines and with 3D cultures of treatment-resistant tumor explants from patients progressing during therapy. Results miR-146a-5p expression was inversely correlated with drug sensitivity and COX2 expression and was reduced in BRAF and MEK inhibitor-resistant melanoma cells and tissues. Forced miR-146a-5p expression reduced COX2 activity and significantly increased drug sensitivity by hampering prosurvival NFkB signaling, leading to reduced proliferation and enhanced apoptosis. Similar effects were obtained by inhibiting COX2 by celecoxib, a clinically approved COX2 inhibitor. Conclusions Deregulation of the miR-146a-5p/COX2 axis occurs in the development of melanoma resistance to targeted drugs in melanoma patients. This finding reveals novel targets for more effective combination treatment. Video Abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Vergani
- Unit of Immunotherapy of Human Tumors, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Dugo
- Platform of Integrated Biology, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori AmadeoLab, Milan, Italy
| | - Mara Cossa
- Department of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Frigerio
- Unit of Immunotherapy of Human Tumors, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenza Di Guardo
- Unit of Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianfrancesco Gallino
- Melanoma and Sarcoma Surgery Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Mattavelli
- Melanoma and Sarcoma Surgery Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Vergani
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Luca Lalli
- Unit of Immunotherapy of Human Tumors, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Tamborini
- Department of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Valeri
- Department of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Gargiuli
- Platform of Integrated Biology, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori AmadeoLab, Milan, Italy
| | - Eriomina Shahaj
- Unit of Immunotherapy of Human Tumors, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Marina Ferrarini
- Experimental Oncology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Macarena Gomez Lira
- Biology and Genetics, Department of Neurosciences Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Veronica Huber
- Unit of Immunotherapy of Human Tumors, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Michele Del Vecchio
- Unit of Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Marialuisa Sensi
- Platform of Integrated Biology, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori AmadeoLab, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Mario Santinami
- Melanoma and Sarcoma Surgery Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Licia Rivoltini
- Unit of Immunotherapy of Human Tumors, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Rodolfo
- Unit of Immunotherapy of Human Tumors, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Viviana Vallacchi
- Unit of Immunotherapy of Human Tumors, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy.
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10
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Procopio G, Verzoni E, Sepe P, Mennitto A, Claps M, Guadalupi V, Stellato M, Zattarin E, De Braud FG, Sensi M, Gargiuli C, Dugo M. Transcriptomic profiling as proof of concept for investigation of collecting duct carcinoma (CDC). J Clin Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2020.38.6_suppl.714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
714 Background: Collecting duct carcinoma is a rare, highly aggressive and molecularly uncharacterized kidney disease with poor outcome. To date, no standard therapies are available and treatment choice is based on retrospective data. Identifying molecular features of this tumor could provide a biologic rationale for novel targeted systemic therapies. Methods: Total RNA was extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues of 6 CDCs, 5 clear cell renal carcinomas (ccRCCs) and 4 adjacent normal tissues. Samples were profiled by GeneChip Human Transcriptome Array 2.0 (Affymetrix) and constituted the Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori (INT) dataset. Data were pre-processed using the robust multi-array average method and differentially expressed genes were identified according to the limma pipeline. Genes with a false discovery rate < 0.25 were selected. Pathway analysis was performed by gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), single sample (ss) GSEA, DAVID Bioinformatics Resources 6.8 and Pathfinder Bioconductor package. Moreover, a list of genes representing angiogenesis and immune biology, previously used in the IMmotion150 study, was chosen to explore further functional subcategories of CDC. Available RNA-Seq data of 7 CDCs and 5 matched normal tissue from GSE89122 dataset were used for validation. Results: Comparison of transcriptome profiles of CDCs and ccRCCs versus normal tissue led to the identification of a core of 14 genes specifically up-regulated in CDC, 5 of which (SFN, S100A11, CKAP5, CDH1 and CD44) were significantly involved in extracellular matrix organization. Other deregulated genes were related to immune system, cell cycle progression, glucose and pentose phosphate metabolism and EGFR-signaling. In addition, ssGSEA permitted to identify two major distinct biological subgroups in CDC of both INT and GSE89122 datasets, based on relative expression levels of angiogenesis and immune genes. Conclusions: Our study reveals novel insights into the biology and heterogeneity of CDCs. Although further validation using larger samples is needed, the current findings suggest that this heterogeneity could have clinical implications for the treatment of patients with this rare kidney cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Procopio
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Verzoni
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Pierangela Sepe
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessia Mennitto
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Melanie Claps
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Guadalupi
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Stellato
- Department of Medical Oncology, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Emma Zattarin
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Filippo G. De Braud
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Department of Medical Oncology & Hematology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Marialuisa Sensi
- Platform of Integrated Biology, Department of Applied Research and Technology Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Gargiuli
- Platform of Integrated Biology, Department of Applied Research and Technology Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Dugo
- Platform of Integrated Biology, Department of Applied Research and Technology Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
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11
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Gargiuli C, Dugo M, De Cecco L, Iannò M, Mariancini A, Marchesi E, Mancinelli E, Micali A, Boeri M, Sozzi G, Sensi M. Comparative study of RT-qPCR- and NGS- based platforms for circulating human microRNA biomarker detection. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz413.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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12
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Gasparini P, Fortunato O, De Cecco L, Casanova M, Iannó MF, Carenzo A, Centonze G, Milione M, Collini P, Boeri M, Dugo M, Gargiuli C, Mensah M, Segale M, Bergamaschi L, Chiaravalli S, Sensi ML, Massimino M, Sozzi G, Ferrari A. Age-Related Alterations in Immune Contexture Are Associated with Aggressiveness in Rhabdomyosarcoma. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11091380. [PMID: 31533233 PMCID: PMC6770032 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11091380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Adolescents and young adults (AYA) with rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) form a subgroup of patients whose optimal clinical management and access to care remain a challenge and whose survival lacks behind that of children diagnosed with histologically similar tumors. Understanding the tumor biology that differentiates children from AYA-RMS could provide critical information and drive new initiatives to improve the final outcome. MicroRNA (miRNA) and gene expression profiling (GEP) was evaluated in a RMS cohort of 49 tumor and 15 non-neoplastic tissues. miRNAs analysis identified miR-223 over-expression and miR-431 down-regulation in AYA, validated by Real-Time PCR and miRNA in situ hybridization (ISH). GEP analysis detected 793 age-correlated genes in tumors, of which 194 were anti-correlated. NOTCH2, FGFR1/2 were significantly down-modulated in AYA-RMS. miR-223 was associated with up-regulation of epithelial mesenchymal translation (EMT) and inflammatory pathways, whereas miR-431 was correlated to myogenic differentiation and muscle metabolism. GEP showed an increase in genes associated with CD4 memory resting cells and a decrease in genes associated with γδ T-cells in AYA-RMS. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis demonstrated an increase of infiltrated CD4, CD8, and neutrophils in AYA-RMS tumors. Our results show that aggressiveness of AYA-RMS could be explained by differences in microenvironmental signal modulation mediated by tumor cells, suggesting a fundamental role of immune contexture in AYA-RMS development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Gasparini
- Tumor Genomics Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Orazio Fortunato
- Tumor Genomics Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Loris De Cecco
- Integrated Biology Platform, Department of Applied Research and Technology Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Michela Casanova
- Pediatric Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Maria Federica Iannó
- Integrated Biology Platform, Department of Applied Research and Technology Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Andrea Carenzo
- Integrated Biology Platform, Department of Applied Research and Technology Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Centonze
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology and from the Laboratory of Medicine of our Institute, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Massimo Milione
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology and from the Laboratory of Medicine of our Institute, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Paola Collini
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology and from the Laboratory of Medicine of our Institute, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Mattia Boeri
- Tumor Genomics Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Matteo Dugo
- Integrated Biology Platform, Department of Applied Research and Technology Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Chiara Gargiuli
- Integrated Biology Platform, Department of Applied Research and Technology Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Mavis Mensah
- Tumor Genomics Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Miriam Segale
- Tumor Genomics Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Luca Bergamaschi
- Pediatric Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Stefano Chiaravalli
- Pediatric Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Maria Luisa Sensi
- Integrated Biology Platform, Department of Applied Research and Technology Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Maura Massimino
- Pediatric Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Gabriella Sozzi
- Tumor Genomics Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Andrea Ferrari
- Pediatric Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy.
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13
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Gargiuli C, Schena E, Mattioli E, Columbaro M, D'Apice MR, Novelli G, Greggi T, Lattanzi G. Lamins and bone disorders: current understanding and perspectives. Oncotarget 2018; 9:22817-22831. [PMID: 29854317 PMCID: PMC5978267 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Lamin A/C is a major constituent of the nuclear lamina implicated in a number of genetic diseases, collectively known as laminopathies. The most severe forms of laminopathies feature, among other symptoms, congenital scoliosis, osteoporosis, osteolysis or delayed cranial ossification. Importantly, specific bone districts are typically affected in laminopathies. Spine is severely affected in LMNA-linked congenital muscular dystrophy. Mandible, terminal phalanges and clavicles undergo osteolytic processes in progeroid laminopathies and Restrictive Dermopathy, a lethal developmental laminopathy. This specificity suggests that lamin A/C regulates fine mechanisms of bone turnover, as supported by data showing that lamin A/C mutations activate non-canonical pathways of osteoclastogenesis, as the one dependent on TGF beta 2. Here, we review current knowledge on laminopathies affecting bone and LMNA involvement in bone turnover and highlight lamin-dependent mechanisms causing bone disorders. This knowledge can be exploited to identify new therapeutic approaches not only for laminopathies, but also for other rare diseases featuring bone abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Gargiuli
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics, Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisa Schena
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics, Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, Laboratory of Cell Biology, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Mattioli
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics, Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, Laboratory of Cell Biology, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marta Columbaro
- Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, Laboratory of Cell Biology, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Novelli
- Medical Genetics Unit, Policlinico Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Tiziana Greggi
- Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, Spine Deformity Department, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanna Lattanzi
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics, Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, Laboratory of Cell Biology, Bologna, Italy
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14
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Capitano F, Gargiuli C, Angerilli A, Maccaroni K, Pelliccia F, Mele A, Camilloni G. RNA polymerase I transcription is modulated by spatial learning in different brain regions. J Neurochem 2016; 136:706-716. [PMID: 26708837 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.13504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Revised: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Long-term memory is accompanied by changes in neuronal morphology and connectivity. These alterations are thought to depend upon new gene expression and protein synthesis over a distributed network of brain structures. Although much evidence supports the idea that the creation of stable, persistent memory traces requires synthesis of new proteins, the role of rRNA transcription and nucleolar activity in learning and memory has hardly been explored. rRNAs needed for protein synthesis result from the activity of two different RNA polymerases, RNA polymerase I and RNA polymerase III, transcribing for 47S RNA and 5S RNA, respectively. In this study, we first investigated the effects of spatial training in the Morris water maze on 47S RNA transcription in the central nervous system, demonstrating bidirectional modulation of its expression over a distributed neural network. We found learning-induced increases in the nucleolar organizer regions in the hippocampus. Finally, we demonstrated that intrahippocampal administrations of CX-5461 (0.6 μg/side), the specific RNA Polymerase I inhibitor, impair the ability of mice to locate the platform in the same task. These results suggest that de novo rRNA transcription is a necessary step for spatial memory consolidation, and that after learning, it occurs in several brain regions with a complex spatiotemporal dynamic. In this study, we demonstrate for the very first time that spatial learning modulates ribosomal RNA transcription in a wide brain circuit, with anatomical specificities in the dynamic of modulation. Together with pharmacological evidences, data presented here support the hypothesis of a necessary role of RNA Pol-I transcription during spatial memory formation. Read the Editorial Highlight for this article on page 673.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Capitano
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Gargiuli
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Angerilli
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Klizia Maccaroni
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Franca Pelliccia
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Mele
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy.,Istituto Biologia Cellulare e Neurobiologia, CNR, Rome, Italy.,Centro di Ricerca in Neurobiologia "D. Bovet", Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgio Camilloni
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy.,Istituto di Biologia e Patologia Molecolari, CNR, Rome, Italy.,Istituto Pasteur, Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy
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