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Mader AL, Tydykov L, Glück V, Bertok M, Weidlich T, Gottwald C, Stefl A, Vogel M, Plentz A, Köstler J, Salzberger B, Wenzel JJ, Niller HH, Jantsch J, Wagner R, Schmidt B, Glück T, Gessner A, Peterhoff D. Omicron's binding to sotrovimab, casirivimab, imdevimab, CR3022, and sera from previously infected or vaccinated individuals. iScience 2022; 25:104076. [PMID: 35309727 PMCID: PMC8920075 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 Omicron is the first pandemic variant of concern exhibiting an abrupt accumulation of mutations particularly in the receptor-binding domain that is a critical target of vaccination induced and therapeutic antibodies. Omicron's mutations did only marginally affect the binding of ACE2, and the two antibodies Sotrovimab and CR3022 but strongly impaired the binding of Casirivimab and Imdevimab. Moreover, as compared with Wuhan, there is reduced serum reactivity and a pronounced loss of competitive surrogate virus neutralization (sVN) against Omicron in naïve vaccinees and in COVID-19 convalescents after infection and subsequent vaccination. Finally, although the booster vaccination response conferred higher titers and better sVN, the effect was nonetheless significantly lower compared with responses against Wuhan. Overall, our data suggest that the antigenicity of Omicrons receptor binding motive has largely changed but antibodies such as Sotrovimab targeting other conserved sites maintain binding and therefore hold potential in prophylaxis and treatment of Omicron-induced COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Lena Mader
- Institute for Clinical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Leonid Tydykov
- Institute for Clinical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Vivian Glück
- Institute for Clinical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Manuela Bertok
- Kliniken Südostbayern AG, Klinikum Traunstein, 83278 Traunstein, Germany
| | - Tanja Weidlich
- Kliniken Südostbayern AG, Klinikum Traunstein, 83278 Traunstein, Germany
| | - Christine Gottwald
- Kliniken Südostbayern AG, Klinikum Traunstein, 83278 Traunstein, Germany
| | - Alexa Stefl
- Institute for Clinical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Vogel
- Institute for Clinical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Annelie Plentz
- Institute for Clinical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Josef Köstler
- Institute for Clinical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Bernd Salzberger
- Department for Infection Control and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen J. Wenzel
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Hans Helmut Niller
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Jonathan Jantsch
- Institute for Clinical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ralf Wagner
- Institute for Clinical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Barbara Schmidt
- Institute for Clinical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Glück
- Kliniken Südostbayern AG, Klinikum Traunstein, 83278 Traunstein, Germany
| | - André Gessner
- Institute for Clinical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - David Peterhoff
- Institute for Clinical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
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Glück V, Grobecker S, Tydykov L, Salzberger B, Glück T, Weidlich T, Bertok M, Gottwald C, Wenzel JJ, Gessner A, Schmidt B, Peterhoff D. SARS-CoV-2-directed antibodies persist for more than six months in a cohort with mild to moderate COVID-19. Infection 2021; 49:739-746. [PMID: 33689159 PMCID: PMC7944246 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-021-01598-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To follow serological immune responses of front-line healthcare workers after PCR-confirmed COVID-19 for a mean of 30 weeks, describe the time-course of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein-specific IgG, IgA and IgM levels and to identify associations of the immune response with symptoms, demographic parameters and severity of disease. METHODS Anti-SARS-CoV-2 S protein-specific IgG, IgA and IgM antibodies were measured at three time points during the 30-week follow-up. COVID-19-specific symptoms were assessed with standardized questionnaires. RESULTS 95% of the participants mounted an IgG response with only modest decline after week 12. IgG-type antibodies were still detectable in almost 90% of the subjects at 30 weeks. IgA and IgM responses were less robust and antibody titers decreased more rapidly. At 30 weeks, only 25% still had detectable IgA-type and none had IgM-type antibodies. Higher age and higher disease severity were independently associated with higher IgG antibody levels, albeit with wide variations. CONCLUSION Serological immune responses after COVID-19 show considerable inter-individual variability, but show an association with increasing age and higher severity of disease. IgG-type anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies remain positive in 90% of the individuals 30 weeks after onset of symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Glück
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Sonja Grobecker
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Leonid Tydykov
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Bernd Salzberger
- Department for Infection Control and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Jürgen J Wenzel
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - André Gessner
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Barbara Schmidt
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - David Peterhoff
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
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Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate in mares the effect of parturition on plasma and milk levels of retinol, beta-carotene, alpha-tocopherol and cholesterol over 12 weeks around parturition. In blood plasma of horses around parturition an increase of all these components was observed. This increase was most impressive in beta-carotene (P<0.05) and less pronounced for vitamin E, vitamin A and cholesterol. The magnitude of increase around parturition corresponded well with the magnitude of accumulation in colostrum; levels of beta-carotene in colostrum were 65 times higher compared to mature milk while vitamin A, vitamin E and cholesterol were only 3 to 8 times higher. Beta-carotene concentrations in colostrum were positively correlated with corresponding plasma levels (r = 0.9; P<0.001). Reasons for the increase in plasma beta-carotene around parturition may include an improved absorption of carotene and/or reduced conversion into vitamin A as well as mobilisation from tissue storages or a reduced uptake in tissues other than the mammary gland. In conclusion, the results may point to possible component- and species-specific differences involved in the transfer of fat-soluble vitamins, beta-carotene and cholesterol from blood plasma into colostrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- F J Schweigert
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Bergholz-Rehbrücke, Germany
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