1
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Choi M, Jeon H, Eom K, Seo J, Roh S, Seo I, Oh SH, Hwang J, Lee Y, Pickett WE, Panagopoulos C, Eom CB, Lee J. Geometrical Doping at the Atomic Scale in Oxide Quantum Materials. ACS Nano 2023. [PMID: 37498093 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c03038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Chemical dopants enabling a plethora of emergent physical properties have been treated as randomly and uniformly distributed in the frame of a three-dimensional doped system. However, in nanostructured architectures, the location of dopants relative to the interface or boundary can greatly influence device performance. This observation suggests that chemical dopants need to be considered as discrete defects, meaning that geometric control of chemical dopants becomes a critical aspect as the physical size of materials scales down into the nanotechnology regime. Here we show that geometrical control of dopants at the atomic scale is another fundamental parameter in chemical doping, extending beyond the kind and amount of dopants conventionally used. The geometrical control of dopants extends the class of geometrically controlled structures into an unexplored dimensionality, between 2D and 3D. It is well understood that in the middle of the progressive dimensionality change from 3D to 2D, the electronic state of doped SrTiO3 is altered from a highly symmetric charged fluid to a charge disproportionated insulating state. Our results introduce a geometrical control of dopants, namely, geometrical doping, as another axis to provide a variety of emergent electronic states via tuning of the electronic properties of the solid state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minsu Choi
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- CompAID Research, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunwoo Jeon
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Kitae Eom
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Jinsol Seo
- Department of Energy Engineering, Institute for Energy Materials and Devices, Korea Institute of Energy Technology (KENTECH), Naju 58330, Republic of Korea
| | - Seulki Roh
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Ilwan Seo
- Department of Physics, Soongsil University, Seoul 06978, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Ho Oh
- Department of Energy Engineering, Institute for Energy Materials and Devices, Korea Institute of Energy Technology (KENTECH), Naju 58330, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungseek Hwang
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunsang Lee
- Department of Physics, Soongsil University, Seoul 06978, Republic of Korea
| | - Warren E Pickett
- Department of Physics, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Christos Panagopoulos
- Division of Physics & Applied Physics, School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Chang-Beom Eom
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Jaichan Lee
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- CompAID Research, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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2
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Mandalis K, Pardos A, Menychtas A, Gallos P, Panagopoulos C, Maglogiannis I. Integrating IoT Wearable Devices in Telemonitoring Platforms for Continuous Assisted Living Services. Stud Health Technol Inform 2023; 305:612-615. [PMID: 37387106 DOI: 10.3233/shti230572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Assisted living services have become increasingly important in recent years as the population ages and the demand for personalized care rises. In this paper, we present the integration of wearable IoT devices in a remote monitoring platform for elderly people that enables seamless data collection, analysis, and visualization while in parallel, alarms and notification functionalities are provided in the context of a personalized monitoring and care plan. The system has been implemented using state-of-the-art technologies and methods to facilitate robust operation, increased usability and real-time communication. The user has the ability to record and visualise their activity, health and alarm data using the tracking devices, and additionally settle an ecosystem of relatives and informal carers to provide assistance daily or support in cases of emergencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Mandalis
- Computational Biomedicine Research Lab, Department of Digital Systems, University of Piraeus, Greece
| | - Antonios Pardos
- Computational Biomedicine Research Lab, Department of Digital Systems, University of Piraeus, Greece
| | - Andreas Menychtas
- Computational Biomedicine Research Lab, Department of Digital Systems, University of Piraeus, Greece
| | - Parisis Gallos
- Computational Biomedicine Research Lab, Department of Digital Systems, University of Piraeus, Greece
| | | | - Ilias Maglogiannis
- Computational Biomedicine Research Lab, Department of Digital Systems, University of Piraeus, Greece
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3
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Pardos A, Gallos P, Menychtas A, Panagopoulos C, Maglogiannis I. Enriching Remote Monitoring and Care Platforms with Personalized Recommendations to Enhance Gamification and Coaching. Stud Health Technol Inform 2023; 302:332-336. [PMID: 37203673 DOI: 10.3233/shti230129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Patients' remote monitoring platforms can be enhanced with intelligent recommendations and gamification functionalities to support their adherence to care plans. The current paper aims to present a methodology for creating personalized recommendations, which can be used to improve patient remote monitoring and care platforms. The current pilot system design is aimed to support patients by providing recommendations for Sleep, Physical Activity, BMI, Blood sugar, Mental Health, Heart Health, and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease aspects. The users, through the application, can select the types of recommendations they are interested in. Thus, personalized recommendations based on data obtained by the patients' records anticipated to be a valuable and a safe approach for patient coaching. The paper discusses the main technical details and provides some initial results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonios Pardos
- Computational Biomedicine Research Lab, Department of Digital Systems, University of Piraeus, Greece
- Bioassist S.A., Greece
| | - Parisis Gallos
- Computational Biomedicine Research Lab, Department of Digital Systems, University of Piraeus, Greece
- Bioassist S.A., Greece
| | - Andreas Menychtas
- Computational Biomedicine Research Lab, Department of Digital Systems, University of Piraeus, Greece
- Bioassist S.A., Greece
| | | | - Ilias Maglogiannis
- Computational Biomedicine Research Lab, Department of Digital Systems, University of Piraeus, Greece
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4
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Gallos P, DeLong R, Matragkas N, Blanchard A, Mraidha C, Epiphaniou G, Maple C, Katzis K, Delgado J, Llorente S, Maló P, Almeida B, Menychtas A, Panagopoulos C, Maglogiannis I, Papachristou P, Soares M, Breia P, Vidal AC, Ratz M, Williamson R, Erwee E, Stasiak L, Flores O, Clemente C, Mantas J, Weber P, Arvanitis TN, Hansen S. MedSecurance Project: Advanced Security-for-Safety Assurance for Medical Device IoT (IoMT). Stud Health Technol Inform 2023; 302:337-341. [PMID: 37203674 DOI: 10.3233/shti230130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The MedSecurance project focus on identifying new challenges in cyber security with focus on hardware and software medical devices in the context of emerging healthcare architectures. In addition, the project will review best practice and identify gaps in the guidance, particularly the guidance stipulated by the medical device regulation and directives. Finally, the project will develop comprehensive methodology and tooling for the engineering of trustworthy networks of inter-operating medical devices, that shall have security-for-safety by design, with a strategy for device certification and certifiable dynamic network composition, ensuring that patient safety is safeguarded from malicious cyber actors and technology "accidents".
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mariana Soares
- Centro Garcia de Orta, Hospital Garcia de Orta, Portugal
| | - Paula Breia
- Centro Garcia de Orta, Hospital Garcia de Orta, Portugal
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - John Mantas
- European Federation of Medical Informatics, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Weber
- European Federation of Medical Informatics, Switzerland
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5
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Menychtas A, Galliakis M, Pardos A, Panagopoulos C, Karpouzis K, Maglogiannis I. Gameful Design of an Application for Patients in Rehabilitation. Front Comput Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fcomp.2022.822167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The design process of any interactive application is an important part of its lifecycle, since it largely defines its structure, means of interaction with the users and its actual content. In the case of applications related to medical uses and self-help, it is even more important, given the aims of the application, the diversity of target users and the urgent need for increased retention. In this article, we present a gameful design process for a mobile application targeted toward patients in rehabilitation, implementing concepts related to increasing user rapport and motivation through gamification, and means to offer guidance and personalized services to improve user experience. Both gamification and personalization build on narrative concepts, by putting patients in the place of a “hero”, offering them the opportunity to overcome “challenges” and receive a clear view of their progress (a.k.a. a “hero's journey”), both in terms of physical and mental condition. Finally, we discuss measurable indicators used to evaluate the application in terms of the progress that patients showed, their motivation and interest, and degree of adherence to the exercise plans.
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6
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Panagopoulos C, Menychtas A, Jahaj E, Vassiliou AG, Gallos P, Dimopoulou I, Kotanidou A, Maglogiannis I. Intelligent Pervasive Monitoring Solution of COVID-19 Patients. Stud Health Technol Inform 2022; 295:570-573. [PMID: 35773938 DOI: 10.3233/shti220792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic transforms the healthcare delivery models and accelerates the implementation and the adoption of telemedicine solutions at all levels of the healthcare system. Telehealth services ensure the continuity of care and treatment of both inpatients and outpatients during this pandemic, while reducing the spread of the virus through hospitals. The aim of this paper is to present an intelligent remote monitoring system with innovative data analytics features for COVID-19 patients. The i-COVID platform provides remote COVID-19 patients monitoring. The presented solution is addressed to patients with mild COVID-19 symptoms, as well as it can be used for post intensive-care monitoring. The platform offers advanced analytic capabilities using Proactive AI, to detect health condition deterioration, and automatically trigger personalized support workflows. Remote monitoring of COVID-19 patients using bio-sensors, seems to be an effective tool against the COVID-19 pandemic, as reduces the number of visits to patient screening centres and hospital admissions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andreas Menychtas
- BioAssist S.A., Athens, Greece
- Computational Biomedicine Research Lab, Department of Digital Systems, University of Piraeus, Piraeus, Greece
| | - Edison Jahaj
- First Department of Critical Care Medicine and Pulmonary Services, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Alice Georgia Vassiliou
- First Department of Critical Care Medicine and Pulmonary Services, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Parisis Gallos
- BioAssist S.A., Athens, Greece
- Computational Biomedicine Research Lab, Department of Digital Systems, University of Piraeus, Piraeus, Greece
- First Department of Critical Care Medicine and Pulmonary Services, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioanna Dimopoulou
- First Department of Critical Care Medicine and Pulmonary Services, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasia Kotanidou
- First Department of Critical Care Medicine and Pulmonary Services, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Ilias Maglogiannis
- Computational Biomedicine Research Lab, Department of Digital Systems, University of Piraeus, Piraeus, Greece
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7
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Gallos P, Menychtas A, Panagopoulos C, Kaselimi M, Temenos A, Rallis I, Doulamis A, Doulamis N, Bimpas M, Aggeli A, Protopapadakis E, Sardis E, Maglogiannis I. Using mHealth Technologies to Promote Public Health and Well-Being in Urban Areas with Blue-Green Solutions. Stud Health Technol Inform 2022; 295:566-569. [PMID: 35773937 DOI: 10.3233/shti220791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
European and International cities face crucial global geopolitical, economic, environmental, and other changes. All these intensify threats to and inequalities in citizens' health. The implementation of Blue-Green Solutions in urban and rural areas have been broadly used to tackle the above challenges. The Mobile health (mHealth) technologies contribution in people's well-being has found to be significant. In addition, several mHealth applications have been used to support patients with mental health or cardiovascular diseases with very promising results. The patients' remote monitoring can be a valuable asset in chronic diseases management for patients suffering from diabetes, hypertension or arrhythmia, depression, asthma, allergies and others. The scope of this paper is to present the specifications, the design and the development of a mobile application which collects health-related and location data of users visiting areas with Blue-Green Solutions. The mobile application has been developed to record the citizens' and patients' physical activity and vital signs using wearable devices. The proposed application can also monitor patients physical, physiological, and emotional status as well as motivate them to engage in social and self-caring activities. Additional features include the analysis of the patients' behavior to improve self-management. The "HEART by BioAsssist" application could be used as a health and other data collection tool as well as an "intelligent assistant" to monitor and promote patient's physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisis Gallos
- BioAssist S.A., Athens, Greece
- Computational Biomedicine Research Lab, Department of Digital Systems, University of Piraeus, Piraeus, Greece
| | - Andreas Menychtas
- BioAssist S.A., Athens, Greece
- Computational Biomedicine Research Lab, Department of Digital Systems, University of Piraeus, Piraeus, Greece
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ilias Maglogiannis
- Computational Biomedicine Research Lab, Department of Digital Systems, University of Piraeus, Piraeus, Greece
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8
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Pardos A, Menychtas A, Gallos P, Panagopoulos C, Maglogiannis I. Gamification and Coaching in Remote Monitoring and Care Platforms. Stud Health Technol Inform 2022; 294:644-648. [PMID: 35612168 DOI: 10.3233/shti220548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, several e-health systems are equipped with advanced features for patients monitoring and care. Among these features, gamification and operations supporting the patients' adherence to therapeutic and care plans have been found to be quite useful and valuable. Among others, the introduction of intelligent patient coaching and the provisions of recommendations are very popular. The aim of this paper is to present specific gamification and coaching approaches that could be employed in the context of an existing eHealth system for remote monitoring and care for elders. The "Points, Badges and Leaderboards" gamification approach was followed. Specifically, parameters related to the application usage (daily points), the physical activity (number of daily steps), the sleep quality (sleep score) and other measurements (i.e. weight) were utilized to accommodate elders needs for motivation and engagement. Regarding the coaching, motivational messages and notification for the mobile devices were selected to deliver the relative information to the elders. A prototype health information system with a corresponding mobile application was adapted to include gamification and coaching features to motivate elders in order to achieve the maximum adherence on their monitoring and care health plans. The paper presents the design issues and summarizes the technical details.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonios Pardos
- Computational Biomedicine Research Lab, Department of Digital Systems, University of Piraeus, Greece
- Bioassist S.A., Greece
| | - Andreas Menychtas
- Computational Biomedicine Research Lab, Department of Digital Systems, University of Piraeus, Greece
- Bioassist S.A., Greece
| | - Parisis Gallos
- Computational Biomedicine Research Lab, Department of Digital Systems, University of Piraeus, Greece
- Bioassist S.A., Greece
| | | | - Ilias Maglogiannis
- Computational Biomedicine Research Lab, Department of Digital Systems, University of Piraeus, Greece
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9
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Gallos P, Menychtas A, Panagopoulos C, Kaselimi M, Rallis I, Doulamis A, Doulamis N, Bimpas M, Aggeli A, Protopapadakis E, Sardis E, Maglogiannis I. Pervasive Monitoring of Public Health and Well-Being in Urban Areas with Blue-Green Solutions. Stud Health Technol Inform 2022; 294:939-940. [PMID: 35612248 DOI: 10.3233/shti220630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The urban environment seems to affect the citizens' health. The implementation of Blue-Green Solutions (BGS) in urban areas have been used to promote public health and citizens well-being. The aim of this paper is to present the development of an mHealth app for monitoring patients and citizens health status in areas where BGS will be applied. The "HEART by BioAsssist" application could be used as a health and other data collection tool as well as an "intelligent assistant" to monitor and promote patient's physical activity in areas with Blue-Green Solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisis Gallos
- BioAssist S.A., Athens, Greece.,Computational Biomedicine Research Lab, Department of Digital Systems, University of Piraeus, Piraeus, Greece
| | - Andreas Menychtas
- BioAssist S.A., Athens, Greece.,Computational Biomedicine Research Lab, Department of Digital Systems, University of Piraeus, Piraeus, Greece
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ilias Maglogiannis
- Computational Biomedicine Research Lab, Department of Digital Systems, University of Piraeus, Piraeus, Greece
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10
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Gallos P, Menychtas A, Panagopoulos C, Bimpas M, Maglogiannis I. Quantifying Citizens' Well-Being in Areas with Natural Based Solutions Using Mobile Computing. Stud Health Technol Inform 2022; 289:465-468. [PMID: 35062191 DOI: 10.3233/shti210958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Urban planners, architects and civil engineers are integrating Nature-Based Solutions (NBS) to address contemporary environmental, social, health and economic challenges. Many studies claim that NBS are poised to improve citizens' well-being in urban areas. NBS can also benefit Public Health, as they can contribute to optimising environmental parameters (such as urban heat island effects, floods, etc.), as well as to the reduction of diseases, as for example cardiovascular ones and the overall mortality rate. In addition, the usage of mobile health (mHealth) solutions has been broadly applied to support citizens' well-being as they can offer monitoring of their physical and physiological status and promote a healthier lifestyle. The aim of this paper is to present the specifications, the design and the development of a mobile app for monitoring citizens' well-being in areas where NBS have been applied. The users' physical activity and vital signs are recorded by wearable devices and the users' locations are recorded by the proposed mobile application. All collected data are transferred to the cloud platform where data management mechanisms aggregate data from different sources for combined analysis. The mobile application is currently available for Android and iOS devices and it is compatible with most smart devices and wearables. The "euPOLIS by BioAssist" application can be used as a health and other data collection tool to investigate citizen's well-being improvement in areas with NBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisis Gallos
- BioAssist S.A., Athens, Greece.,Computational Biomedicine Research Lab, Department of Digital Systems, University of Piraeus, Piraeus, Greece
| | - Andreas Menychtas
- BioAssist S.A., Athens, Greece.,Computational Biomedicine Research Lab, Department of Digital Systems, University of Piraeus, Piraeus, Greece
| | | | | | - Ilias Maglogiannis
- Computational Biomedicine Research Lab, Department of Digital Systems, University of Piraeus, Piraeus, Greece
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11
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Psaroudaki C, Panagopoulos C. Skyrmion Qubits: A New Class of Quantum Logic Elements Based on Nanoscale Magnetization. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 127:067201. [PMID: 34420323 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.067201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
We introduce a new class of primitive building blocks for realizing quantum logic elements based on nanoscale magnetization textures called skyrmions. In a skyrmion qubit, information is stored in the quantum degree of helicity, and the logical states can be adjusted by electric and magnetic fields, offering a rich operation regime with high anharmonicity. By exploring a large parameter space, we propose two skyrmion qubit variants depending on their quantized state. We discuss appropriate microwave pulses required to generate single-qubit gates for quantum computing, and skyrmion multiqubit schemes for a scalable architecture with tailored couplings. Scalability, controllability by microwave fields, operation time scales, and readout by nonvolatile techniques converge to make the skyrmion qubit highly attractive as a logical element of a quantum processor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Psaroudaki
- Department of Physics and Institute for Quantum Information and Matter, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Cologne, D-50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Christos Panagopoulos
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link 637371, Singapore
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12
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Raju M, Petrović AP, Yagil A, Denisov KS, Duong NK, Göbel B, Şaşıoğlu E, Auslaender OM, Mertig I, Rozhansky IV, Panagopoulos C. Colossal topological Hall effect at the transition between isolated and lattice-phase interfacial skyrmions. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2758. [PMID: 33980841 PMCID: PMC8115237 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22976-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The topological Hall effect is used extensively to study chiral spin textures in various materials. However, the factors controlling its magnitude in technologically-relevant thin films remain uncertain. Using variable-temperature magnetotransport and real-space magnetic imaging in a series of Ir/Fe/Co/Pt heterostructures, here we report that the chiral spin fluctuations at the phase boundary between isolated skyrmions and a disordered skyrmion lattice result in a power-law enhancement of the topological Hall resistivity by up to three orders of magnitude. Our work reveals the dominant role of skyrmion stability and configuration in determining the magnitude of the topological Hall effect. Previous studies of skyrmions in thin film architectures have shown widely-varying magnitudes of the topological Hall effect. Here, Raju et al. show that this variation follows a power-law behaviour driven by chiral spin fluctuations at the phase transition between isolated and lattice skyrmions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Raju
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore. .,Institute for Quantum Matter and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - A P Petrović
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - A Yagil
- Department of Physics, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | | | - N K Duong
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - B Göbel
- Institut für Physik, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - E Şaşıoğlu
- Institut für Physik, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - O M Auslaender
- Department of Physics, Technion, Haifa, Israel.,Neuroscience Institute and Tech4Health Institute, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - I Mertig
- Institut für Physik, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | | | - C Panagopoulos
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
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13
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Satywali B, Kravchuk VP, Pan L, Raju M, He S, Ma F, Petrović AP, Garst M, Panagopoulos C. Microwave resonances of magnetic skyrmions in thin film multilayers. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1909. [PMID: 33772026 PMCID: PMC7998029 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22220-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-collinear magnets exhibit a rich array of dynamic properties at microwave frequencies. They can host nanometre-scale topological textures known as skyrmions, whose spin resonances are expected to be highly sensitive to their local magnetic environment. Here, we report a magnetic resonance study of an [Ir/Fe/Co/Pt] multilayer hosting Néel skyrmions at room temperature. Experiments reveal two distinct resonances of the skyrmion phase during in-plane ac excitation, with frequencies between 6-12 GHz. Complementary micromagnetic simulations indicate that the net magnetic dipole moment rotates counterclockwise (CCW) during both resonances. The magnon probability distribution for the lower-frequency resonance is localised within isolated skyrmions, unlike the higher-frequency mode which principally originates from areas between skyrmions. However, the properties of both modes depend sensitively on the out-of-plane dipolar coupling, which is controlled via the ferromagnetic layer spacing in our heterostructures. The gyrations of stable isolated skyrmions reported in this room temperature study encourage the development of new material platforms and applications based on skyrmion resonances. Moreover, our material architecture enables the resonance spectra to be tuned, thus extending the functionality of such applications over a broadband frequency range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhartendu Satywali
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Volodymyr P Kravchuk
- Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
- Institute for Theoretical Solid State Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Liqing Pan
- Research Institute for Magnetoelectronics and Weak Magnetic Field Detection, College of Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - M Raju
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shikun He
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Fusheng Ma
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - A P Petrović
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Markus Garst
- Institute for Theoretical Solid State Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Institute for Quantum Materials and Technologies, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Christos Panagopoulos
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
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14
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Petrović AP, Raju M, Tee XY, Louat A, Maggio-Aprile I, Menezes RM, Wyszyński MJ, Duong NK, Reznikov M, Renner C, Milošević MV, Panagopoulos C. Skyrmion-(Anti)Vortex Coupling in a Chiral Magnet-Superconductor Heterostructure. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 126:117205. [PMID: 33798341 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.117205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We report experimental coupling of chiral magnetism and superconductivity in [IrFeCoPt]/Nb heterostructures. The stray field of skyrmions with radius ≈50 nm is sufficient to nucleate antivortices in a 25 nm Nb film, with unique signatures in the magnetization, critical current, and flux dynamics, corroborated via simulations. We also detect a thermally tunable Rashba-Edelstein exchange coupling in the isolated skyrmion phase. This realization of a strongly interacting skyrmion-(anti)vortex system opens a path toward controllable topological hybrid materials, unattainable to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Petrović
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371 Singapore
| | - M Raju
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371 Singapore
| | - X Y Tee
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371 Singapore
| | - A Louat
- Department of Physics, Technion, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - I Maggio-Aprile
- Department of Quantum Matter Physics, Université de Genève, 24 Quai Ernest Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - R M Menezes
- Department of Physics, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, 50670-901 Recife-PE, Brazil
| | - M J Wyszyński
- Department of Physics, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - N K Duong
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371 Singapore
| | - M Reznikov
- Department of Physics, Technion, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Ch Renner
- Department of Quantum Matter Physics, Université de Genève, 24 Quai Ernest Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - M V Milošević
- Department of Physics, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - C Panagopoulos
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371 Singapore
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15
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Céspedes-Berrocal D, Damas H, Petit-Watelot S, Maccariello D, Tang P, Arriola-Córdova A, Vallobra P, Xu Y, Bello JL, Martin E, Migot S, Ghanbaja J, Zhang S, Hehn M, Mangin S, Panagopoulos C, Cros V, Fert A, Rojas-Sánchez JC. Current-Induced Spin Torques on Single GdFeCo Magnetic Layers. Adv Mater 2021; 33:e2007047. [PMID: 33604960 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202007047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Spintronics exploit spin-orbit coupling (SOC) to generate spin currents, spin torques, and, in the absence of inversion symmetry, Rashba and Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions. The widely used magnetic materials, based on 3d metals such as Fe and Co, possess a small SOC. To circumvent this shortcoming, the common practice has been to utilize the large SOC of nonmagnetic layers of 5d heavy metals (HMs), such as Pt, to generate spin currents and, in turn, exert spin torques on the magnetic layers. Here, a new class of material architectures is introduced, excluding nonmagnetic 5d HMs, for high-performance spintronics operations. Very strong current-induced torques exerted on single ferrimagnetic GdFeCo layers, due to the combination of large SOC of the Gd 5d states and inversion symmetry breaking mainly engineered by interfaces, are demonstrated. These "self-torques" are enhanced around the magnetization compensation temperature and can be tuned by adjusting the spin absorption outside the GdFeCo layer. In other measurements, the very large emission of spin current from GdFeCo, 80% (20%) of spin anomalous Hall effect (spin Hall effect) symmetry is determined. This material platform opens new perspectives to exert "self-torques" on single magnetic layers as well as to generate spin currents from a magnetic layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Céspedes-Berrocal
- Institute Jean Lamour, Université de Lorraine, CNRS, Nancy, F-54000, France
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería, Rímac, Lima, 15333, Peru
| | - Heloïse Damas
- Institute Jean Lamour, Université de Lorraine, CNRS, Nancy, F-54000, France
| | | | - Davide Maccariello
- Unité Mixte de Physique, CNRS, Thales, Université Paris-Saclay, Palaiseau, 91767, France
| | - Ping Tang
- Department of Physics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Aldo Arriola-Córdova
- Institute Jean Lamour, Université de Lorraine, CNRS, Nancy, F-54000, France
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería, Rímac, Lima, 15333, Peru
| | - Pierre Vallobra
- Institute Jean Lamour, Université de Lorraine, CNRS, Nancy, F-54000, France
| | - Yong Xu
- Institute Jean Lamour, Université de Lorraine, CNRS, Nancy, F-54000, France
| | - Jean-Loïs Bello
- Institute Jean Lamour, Université de Lorraine, CNRS, Nancy, F-54000, France
| | - Elodie Martin
- Institute Jean Lamour, Université de Lorraine, CNRS, Nancy, F-54000, France
| | - Sylvie Migot
- Institute Jean Lamour, Université de Lorraine, CNRS, Nancy, F-54000, France
| | - Jaafar Ghanbaja
- Institute Jean Lamour, Université de Lorraine, CNRS, Nancy, F-54000, France
| | - Shufeng Zhang
- Department of Physics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Michel Hehn
- Institute Jean Lamour, Université de Lorraine, CNRS, Nancy, F-54000, France
| | - Stéphane Mangin
- Institute Jean Lamour, Université de Lorraine, CNRS, Nancy, F-54000, France
| | - Christos Panagopoulos
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Vincent Cros
- Unité Mixte de Physique, CNRS, Thales, Université Paris-Saclay, Palaiseau, 91767, France
| | - Albert Fert
- Unité Mixte de Physique, CNRS, Thales, Université Paris-Saclay, Palaiseau, 91767, France
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16
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Petrović AP, Smit BHM, Fong KL, Satywali B, Tee XY, Panagopoulos C. A perpendicular field electromagnet with a 250 mm access bore. Rev Sci Instrum 2021; 92:015102. [PMID: 33514200 DOI: 10.1063/5.0027913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We present a laboratory electromagnet capable of generating magnetic fields up to ±0.48 T, specifically designed as a perpendicular flux source for thin film samples in an ambient environment. The magnet features a 250 mm diameter clear access bore above the sample plane, thus offering compatibility with a wide variety of experimental apparatus. Despite its generous size, the magnet thermally dissipates less than 1 kW at maximum field. A shaped ferromagnetic core is used to amplify and homogenize the field B, leading to an estimated uniformity of ±1.5 mT (≲0.3%) in B within a 28 mm2 zone at maximum field. The sample stage is thermally regulated and isolated from the magnet, enabling temperature control with ±5 mK precision even at elevated magnetic fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Petrović
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371
| | - B H M Smit
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371
| | - K L Fong
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371
| | - B Satywali
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371
| | - X Y Tee
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371
| | - C Panagopoulos
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371
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17
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Tee XY, Paré A, Petrović AP, Panagopoulos C. An ultra-high-vacuum rotating sample manipulator with cryogenic cooling. Rev Sci Instrum 2020; 91:116104. [PMID: 33261466 DOI: 10.1063/5.0021595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We report a homebuilt ultra-high-vacuum (UHV) rotating sample manipulator with cryogenic cooling. The sample holder is thermally anchored to a built-in cryogenic cold head through flexible copper beryllium strips, permitting continuous sample rotation. A similar contact mechanism is implemented for electrical wiring to the sample holder for thermometry. The apparatus thus enables continuous sample rotation at regulated cryogenic temperatures in a UHV environment. We discuss applications of this apparatus for cryogenic sputtering.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Y Tee
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore
| | - A Paré
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore
| | - A P Petrović
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore
| | - C Panagopoulos
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore
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18
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Panagopoulos C, Menychtas A, Fouskas G, Plagianakos V, Maglogiannis I, Delimpasis K, Galliakis M, Petropoulos D, Gkartzios C, Koumpoulis C. A Smart Infotainment System Equiped with Emotional Intelligence. Stud Health Technol Inform 2019; 262:214-217. [PMID: 31349305 DOI: 10.3233/shti190056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Bedside infotainment technology has been gaining popularity, helping providers to address patient needs and improve hospitalization experience. Such systems have the potential to become valuable tools for medical and nursing personnel, with the integration of patient monitoring features, bolstering efficiency and coordination. Extending their utility beyond conventional monitoring, the incorporation of affective computing capabilities would allow for early detection of potentially dangerous situations, as an individual's emotional state has a direct effect on their health, cognitive status, behaviour and quality of life. Furthermore, the addition of a serious games module would provide additional value for patients with cognitive decline or mobility issues. This work presents a novel bedside infotainment system, equipped with the aforementioned capabilities and designed to address the needs of patients in long-term care facilities, such as recreation and rehabilitation centres.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Georgios Fouskas
- Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas, Patras, Greece
| | - Vassileios Plagianakos
- Department of Computer Science and Medical Informatics, University of Thessaly, Lamia, Greece
| | - Ilias Maglogiannis
- Department of Computer Science and Medical Informatics, University of Thessaly, Lamia, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Delimpasis
- Department of Computer Science and Medical Informatics, University of Thessaly, Lamia, Greece
| | - Michael Galliakis
- Department of Computer Science and Medical Informatics, University of Thessaly, Lamia, Greece
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19
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He S, Qin Q, Zhou T, Panagopoulos C. Angle-resolved broadband ferromagnetic resonance apparatus enabled through a spring-loaded sample mounting manipulator. Rev Sci Instrum 2019; 90:076103. [PMID: 31370487 DOI: 10.1063/1.5113773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Broadband ferromagnetic resonance is a useful technique to determine the magnetic anisotropy and study the magnetization dynamics of magnetic thin films. We report a spring-loaded sample loading manipulator for reliable sample mounting and rotation. The manipulator enables maximum signal, enhances system stability, and is particularly useful for fully automated in-plane-field angle-resolved measurements. This angle-resolved broadband ferromagnetic resonance apparatus provides a viable method to study anisotropic damping and weak magnetic anisotropies, both vital for fundamental research and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikun He
- Data Storage Institute, ASTAR (Agency for Science Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way 08-01 Innovis, Singapore 138634
| | - Qing Qin
- Data Storage Institute, ASTAR (Agency for Science Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way 08-01 Innovis, Singapore 138634
| | - Tiejun Zhou
- Data Storage Institute, ASTAR (Agency for Science Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way 08-01 Innovis, Singapore 138634
| | - Christos Panagopoulos
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371
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20
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeny Y Tsymbal
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, USA.
| | - Christos Panagopoulos
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
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21
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Trinh J, Mitra S, Panagopoulos C, Kong T, Canfield PC, Ramirez AP. Degeneracy of the 1/8 Plateau and Antiferromagnetic Phases in the Shastry-Sutherland Magnet TmB_{4}. Phys Rev Lett 2018; 121:167203. [PMID: 30387620 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.167203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The 1/8 fractional plateau phase (1/8 FPP) in Shastry-Sutherland lattice (SSL) spin systems has been viewed an exemplar of emergence on an Archimedean lattice. Here we explore this phase in the Ising magnet TmB_{4} using high-resolution specific heat (C) and magnetization (M) in the field-temperature plane. We show that the 1/8 FPP is smoothly connected to the antiferromagnetic phase on ramping the field from H=0. Thus, the 1/8 FPP is not a distinct thermodynamic ground state of TmB_{4}. The implication of these results for Heisenberg spins on the SSL is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Trinh
- University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
| | - Sreemanta Mitra
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371, Singapore
| | - Christos Panagopoulos
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371, Singapore
| | - Tai Kong
- Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - Paul C Canfield
- Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - Arthur P Ramirez
- University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
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22
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Soumyanarayanan A, Raju M, Gonzalez Oyarce AL, Tan AKC, Im MY, Petrović AP, Ho P, Khoo KH, Tran M, Gan CK, Ernult F, Panagopoulos C. Tunable room-temperature magnetic skyrmions in Ir/Fe/Co/Pt multilayers. Nat Mater 2017; 16:898-904. [PMID: 28714983 DOI: 10.1038/nmat4934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic skyrmions are nanoscale topological spin structures offering great promise for next-generation information storage technologies. The recent discovery of sub-100-nm room-temperature (RT) skyrmions in several multilayer films has triggered vigorous efforts to modulate their physical properties for their use in devices. Here we present a tunable RT skyrmion platform based on multilayer stacks of Ir/Fe/Co/Pt, which we study using X-ray microscopy, magnetic force microscopy and Hall transport techniques. By varying the ferromagnetic layer composition, we can tailor the magnetic interactions governing skyrmion properties, thereby tuning their thermodynamic stability parameter by an order of magnitude. The skyrmions exhibit a smooth crossover between isolated (metastable) and disordered lattice configurations across samples, while their size and density can be tuned by factors of two and ten, respectively. We thus establish a platform for investigating functional sub-50-nm RT skyrmions, pointing towards the development of skyrmion-based memory devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjan Soumyanarayanan
- Data Storage Institute, 2 Fusionopolis Way, 138634, Singapore
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371, Singapore
| | - M Raju
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371, Singapore
| | | | - Anthony K C Tan
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371, Singapore
| | - Mi-Young Im
- Center for X-ray Optics, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Department of Emerging Materials Science, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Korea
| | - A P Petrović
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371, Singapore
| | - Pin Ho
- Data Storage Institute, 2 Fusionopolis Way, 138634, Singapore
| | - K H Khoo
- Institute of High Performance Computing, 1 Fusionopolis Way, 138632, Singapore
| | - M Tran
- Data Storage Institute, 2 Fusionopolis Way, 138634, Singapore
| | - C K Gan
- Institute of High Performance Computing, 1 Fusionopolis Way, 138632, Singapore
| | - F Ernult
- Data Storage Institute, 2 Fusionopolis Way, 138634, Singapore
| | - C Panagopoulos
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371, Singapore
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23
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Soumyanarayanan A, Reyren N, Fert A, Panagopoulos C. Emergent phenomena induced by spin–orbit coupling at surfaces and interfaces. Nature 2016; 539:509-517. [DOI: 10.1038/nature19820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 544] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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24
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Malli F, Smyrli EP, Panagopoulos C, Menychtas A, Maglogiannis I, Georgountzou A, Sicha L, Tsanakas P, Daniil Z, Gourgoulianis KI. AB004. A home telemonitoring program for patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema. Ann Transl Med 2016. [DOI: 10.21037/atm.2016.ab004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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25
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Petrović AP, Ansermet D, Chernyshov D, Hoesch M, Salloum D, Gougeon P, Potel M, Boeri L, Panagopoulos C. A disorder-enhanced quasi-one-dimensional superconductor. Nat Commun 2016; 7:12262. [PMID: 27448209 PMCID: PMC4961838 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
A powerful approach to analysing quantum systems with dimensionality d>1 involves adding a weak coupling to an array of one-dimensional (1D) chains. The resultant quasi-1D (q1D) systems can exhibit long-range order at low temperature, but are heavily influenced by interactions and disorder due to their large anisotropies. Real q1D materials are therefore ideal candidates not only to provoke, test and refine theories of strongly correlated matter, but also to search for unusual emergent electronic phases. Here we report the unprecedented enhancement of a superconducting instability by disorder in single crystals of Na2−δMo6Se6, a q1D superconductor comprising MoSe chains weakly coupled by Na atoms. We argue that disorder-enhanced Coulomb pair-breaking (which usually destroys superconductivity) may be averted due to a screened long-range Coulomb repulsion intrinsic to disordered q1D materials. Our results illustrate the capability of disorder to tune and induce new correlated electron physics in low-dimensional materials. Disorder localizes electrons, which is usually detrimental to the onset of superconductivity. Here, Petrović et al. report a disorder-enhanced superconducting instability in quasi-one dimensional Na2-dMo6Se6 and suggest that this effect may originate from an intrinsically screened Coulomb repulsion.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Petrović
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371 Singapore
| | - D Ansermet
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371 Singapore
| | - D Chernyshov
- Swiss-Norwegian Beamlines, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 6 rue Jules Horowitz, F-38043 Grenoble Cedex, France
| | - M Hoesch
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - D Salloum
- Sciences Chimiques, CSM UMR CNRS 6226, Université de Rennes 1, Avenue du Général Leclerc, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France.,Faculty of Science III, Lebanese University, PO Box 826, Kobbeh-Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - P Gougeon
- Sciences Chimiques, CSM UMR CNRS 6226, Université de Rennes 1, Avenue du Général Leclerc, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - M Potel
- Sciences Chimiques, CSM UMR CNRS 6226, Université de Rennes 1, Avenue du Général Leclerc, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - L Boeri
- Institute for Theoretical and Computational Physics, TU Graz, Petersgasse 16, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - C Panagopoulos
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371 Singapore
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26
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He S, Meng Z, Huang L, Yap LK, Zhou T, Panagopoulos C. A versatile rotary-stage high frequency probe station for studying magnetic films and devices. Rev Sci Instrum 2016; 87:074704. [PMID: 27475578 DOI: 10.1063/1.4958036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We present a rotary-stage microwave probe station suitable for magnetic films and spintronic devices. Two stages, one for field rotation from parallel to perpendicular to the sample plane (out-of-plane) and the other intended for field rotation within the sample plane (in-plane) have been designed. The sample probes and micro-positioners are rotated simultaneously with the stages, which allows the field orientation to cover θ from 0(∘) to 90(∘) and φ from 0(∘) to 360(∘). θ and φ being the angle between the direction of current flow and field in a out-of-plane and an in-plane rotation, respectively. The operation frequency is up to 40 GHz and the magnetic field up to 1 T. The sample holder vision system and probe assembly are compactly designed for the probes to land on a wafer with diameter up to 3 cm. Using homemade multi-pin probes and commercially available high frequency probes, several applications including 4-probe DC measurements, the determination of domain wall velocity, and spin transfer torque ferromagnetic resonance are demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikun He
- Data Storage Institute, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-01, Innovis 138634, Singapore
| | - Zhaoliang Meng
- Data Storage Institute, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-01, Innovis 138634, Singapore
| | - Lisen Huang
- Data Storage Institute, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-01, Innovis 138634, Singapore
| | - Lee Koon Yap
- Data Storage Institute, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-01, Innovis 138634, Singapore
| | - Tiejun Zhou
- Data Storage Institute, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-01, Innovis 138634, Singapore
| | - Christos Panagopoulos
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371
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27
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He S, Panagopoulos C. A broadband ferromagnetic resonance dipper probe for magnetic damping measurements from 4.2 K to 300 K. Rev Sci Instrum 2016; 87:043110. [PMID: 27131657 DOI: 10.1063/1.4946789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A dipper probe for broadband Ferromagnetic Resonance (FMR) operating from 4.2 K to room temperature is described. The apparatus is based on a 2-port transmitted microwave signal measurement with a grounded coplanar waveguide. The waveguide generates a microwave field and records the sample response. A 3-stage dipper design is adopted for fast and stable temperature control. The temperature variation due to FMR is in the milli-Kelvin range at liquid helium temperature. We also designed a novel FMR probe head with a spring-loaded sample holder. Improved signal-to-noise ratio and stability compared to a common FMR head are achieved. Using a superconducting vector magnet we demonstrate Gilbert damping measurements on two thin film samples using a vector network analyzer with frequency up to 26 GHz: (1) A Permalloy film of 5 nm thickness and (2) a CoFeB film of 1.5 nm thickness. Experiments were performed with the applied magnetic field parallel and perpendicular to the film plane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikun He
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371
| | - Christos Panagopoulos
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371
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28
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Ansermet D, Petrović AP, He S, Chernyshov D, Hoesch M, Salloum D, Gougeon P, Potel M, Boeri L, Andersen OK, Panagopoulos C. Reentrant Phase Coherence in Superconducting Nanowire Composites. ACS Nano 2016; 10:515-523. [PMID: 26727335 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b05450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The short coherence lengths characteristic of low-dimensional superconductors are associated with usefully high critical fields or temperatures. Unfortunately, such materials are often sensitive to disorder and suffer from phase fluctuations in the superconducting order parameter which diverge with temperature T, magnetic field H, or current I. We propose an approach to overcome synthesis and fluctuation problems: building superconductors from inhomogeneous composites of nanofilaments. Macroscopic crystals of quasi-one-dimensional Na2-δMo6Se6 featuring Na vacancy disorder (δ ≈ 0.2) are shown to behave as percolative networks of superconducting nanowires. Long-range order is established via transverse coupling between individual one-dimensional filaments, yet phase coherence remains unstable to fluctuations and localization in the zero (T,H,I) limit. However, a region of reentrant phase coherence develops upon raising (T,H,I). We attribute this phenomenon to an enhancement of the transverse coupling due to electron delocalization. Our observations of reentrant phase coherence coincide with a peak in the Josephson energy EJ at nonzero (T,H,I), which we estimate using a simple analytical model for a disordered anisotropic superconductor. Na2-δMo6Se6 is therefore a blueprint for a future generation of nanofilamentary superconductors with inbuilt resilience to phase fluctuations at elevated (T,H,I).
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane Ansermet
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University , 637371 Singapore
| | - Alexander P Petrović
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University , 637371 Singapore
| | - Shikun He
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University , 637371 Singapore
| | - Dmitri Chernyshov
- Swiss-Norwegian Beamline, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility , 6 rue Jules Horowitz, Grenoble F-38043 Cedex, France
| | - Moritz Hoesch
- Diamond Light Source , Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Diala Salloum
- Sciences Chimiques, CSM UMR CNRS 6226, Université de Rennes 1 , Avenue du Général Leclerc, Rennes 35042 Cedex, France
- Faculty of Science III, Lebanese University , P.O. Box 826, Kobbeh-Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Patrick Gougeon
- Sciences Chimiques, CSM UMR CNRS 6226, Université de Rennes 1 , Avenue du Général Leclerc, Rennes 35042 Cedex, France
| | - Michel Potel
- Sciences Chimiques, CSM UMR CNRS 6226, Université de Rennes 1 , Avenue du Général Leclerc, Rennes 35042 Cedex, France
| | - Lilia Boeri
- Institute for Theoretical and Computational Physics, TU Graz , Petersgasse 16, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Ole Krogh Andersen
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research , Heisenbergstrasse 1, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Christos Panagopoulos
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University , 637371 Singapore
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Viskadourakis Z, Sunku SS, Mukherjee S, Andersen BM, Ito T, Sasagawa T, Panagopoulos C. Ferroelectricity in underdoped La-based cuprates. Sci Rep 2015; 5:15268. [PMID: 26486276 PMCID: PMC4614081 DOI: 10.1038/srep15268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Doping a “parent” antiferromagnetic Mott insulator in cuprates leads to short-range electronic correlations and eventually to high-Tc superconductivity. However, the nature of charge correlations in the lightly doped cuprates remains unclear. Understanding the intermediate electronic phase in the phase diagram (between the parent insulator and the high-Tc superconductor) is expected to elucidate the complexity both inside and outside the superconducting dome, and in particular in the underdoped region. One such phase is ferroelectricity whose origin and relation to the properties of high-Tc superconductors is subject of current research. Here we demonstrate that ferroelectricity and the associated magnetoelectric coupling are in fact common in La-214 cuprates namely, La2-xSrxCuO4, La2LixCu1-xO4 and La2CuO4+x. It is proposed that ferroelectricity may result from local CuO6 octahedral distortions, associated with the dopant atoms and clustering of the doped charge carriers, which break spatial inversion symmetry at the local scale whereas magnetoelectric coupling can be tuned through Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Viskadourakis
- Crete Center for Quantum Complexity and Nanotechnology, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece.,IESL-FORTH, Vassilika Vouton, Heraklion 71110, Greece
| | - S S Sunku
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371 Singapore
| | - S Mukherjee
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark
| | - B M Andersen
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark
| | - T Ito
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8562, Japan
| | - T Sasagawa
- Materials and Structures Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan
| | - C Panagopoulos
- Crete Center for Quantum Complexity and Nanotechnology, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece.,Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371 Singapore.,Department of Physics, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece
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30
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Zhu JX, Wen XD, Haraldsen JT, He M, Panagopoulos C, Chia EEM. Induced ferromagnetism at BiFeO3/YBa2Cu3O7 interfaces. Sci Rep 2014; 4:5368. [PMID: 24947500 PMCID: PMC4064357 DOI: 10.1038/srep05368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2014] [Accepted: 05/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Transition metal oxides (TMOs) exhibit many emergent phenomena ranging from high-temperature superconductivity and giant magnetoresistance to magnetism and ferroelectricity. In addition, when TMOs are interfaced with each other, new functionalities can arise, which are absent in individual components. Here, we report results from first-principles calculations on the magnetism at the BiFeO3/YBa2Cu3O7 interfaces. By comparing the total energy for various magnetic spin configurations inside BiFeO3, we are able to show that a metallic ferromagnetism is induced near the interface. We further develop an interface exchange-coupling model and place the extracted exchange coupling interaction strengths, from the first-principles calculations, into a resultant generic phase diagram. Our conclusion of interfacial ferromagnetism is confirmed by the presence of a hysteresis loop in field-dependent magnetization data. The emergence of interfacial ferromagnetism should have implications to electronic and transport properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Xin Zhu
- 1] Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA [2] Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - Xiao-Dong Wen
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - J T Haraldsen
- 1] Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA [2] Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA [3] Department of Physics and Astronomy, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - Mi He
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - C Panagopoulos
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Elbert E M Chia
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
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31
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Shi X, Logvenov G, Bollinger AT, Božović I, Panagopoulos C, Popović D. Emergence of superconductivity from the dynamically heterogeneous insulating state in La(2-x)Sr(x)CuO4. Nat Mater 2013; 12:47-51. [PMID: 23160270 DOI: 10.1038/nmat3487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2012] [Accepted: 10/09/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A central issue for copper oxides is the nature of the insulating ground state at low carrier densities and the emergence of high-temperature superconductivity from that state with doping. Even though this superconductor-insulator transition (SIT) is a zero-temperature transition, measurements are not usually carried out at low temperatures. Here we use magnetoresistance to probe both the insulating state at very low temperatures and the presence of superconducting fluctuations in La(2-x)Sr(x)CuO(4) films, for doping levels that range from the insulator to the superconductor (x = 0.03-0.08). We observe that the charge glass behaviour, characteristic of the insulating state, is suppressed with doping, but it coexists with superconducting fluctuations that emerge already on the insulating side of the SIT. The unexpected quenching of the superconducting fluctuations by the competing charge order at low temperatures provides a new perspective on the mechanism for the SIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Shi
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory and Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, USA
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32
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Lok SK, Tian JC, Wang Y, Lai YH, Lortz R, Petrovic A, Panagopoulos C, Wong GKL, Wang G, Sou IK. Factors affecting the shape of MBE-grown laterally aligned Fe nanowires. Nanotechnology 2012; 23:485605. [PMID: 23128068 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/23/48/485605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Various microstructural and chemical analysis techniques were applied to study two types (type-A and B) of self-assembled laterally aligned Fe nanowires (NWs) fabricated by molecular beam epitaxy on a ZnS buffer layer. The formation of the three-dimensional shapes of these NWs was found to be driven by the principle of surface energy minimization. We have provided phenomenological models to address the factors affecting the observed topological shape of these NWs, including the role of the lattice relationship between the Fe NWs and the underlying buffer layer, growth temperature, Fe nominal coverage and substrate orientation. Magnetic hysteresis measurements were performed at different temperature, demonstrating the Fe NWs possess a coercivity about 30 times larger than that of a Fe thin film. The observed gradual magnetization reversal indicates the magnetization process is accomplished by the rotation of magnetic moments within a single domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu K Lok
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, SAR China
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33
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Pereiro J, Bollinger AT, Logvenov G, Gozar A, Panagopoulos C, Bozović I. Insights from the study of high-temperature interface superconductivity. Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci 2012; 370:4890-4903. [PMID: 22987034 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2012.0219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A brief overview is given of the studies of high-temperature interface superconductivity based on atomic-layer-by-layer molecular beam epitaxy (ALL-MBE). A number of difficult materials science and physics questions have been tackled, frequently at the expense of some technical tour de force, and sometimes even by introducing new techniques. ALL-MBE is especially suitable to address questions related to surface and interface physics. Using this technique, it has been demonstrated that high-temperature superconductivity can occur in a single copper oxide layer-the thinnest superconductor known. It has been shown that interface superconductivity in cuprates is a genuine electronic effect-it arises from charge transfer (electron depletion and accumulation) across the interface driven by the difference in chemical potentials rather than from cation diffusion and mixing. We have also understood the nature of the superconductor-insulator phase transition as a function of doping. However, a few important questions, such as the mechanism of interfacial enhancement of the critical temperature, are still outstanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Pereiro
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
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34
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Rogdakis K, Seo J, Viskadourakis Z, Wang Y, Ah Qune L, Choi E, Burton J, Tsymbal E, Lee J, Panagopoulos C. Tunable ferroelectricity in artificial tri-layer superlattices comprised of non-ferroic components. Nat Commun 2012; 3:1064. [DOI: 10.1038/ncomms2061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2012] [Accepted: 08/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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35
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Raičević I, Popović D, Panagopoulos C, Benfatto L, Silva Neto MB, Choi ES, Sasagawa T. Skyrmions in a doped antiferromagnet. Phys Rev Lett 2011; 106:227206. [PMID: 21702631 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.106.227206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2010] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Magnetization and magnetoresistance have been measured in insulating antiferromagnetic La2Cu0.97Li0.03O4 over a wide range of temperatures, magnetic fields, and field orientations. The magnetoresistance step associated with a weak ferromagnetic transition exhibits a striking nonmonotonic temperature dependence, consistent with the presence of Skyrmions.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Raičević
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, USA
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36
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Seo JW, Prellier W, Padhan P, Boullay P, Kim JY, Lee H, Batista CD, Martin I, Chia EEM, Wu T, Cho BG, Panagopoulos C. Tunable magnetic interaction at the atomic scale in oxide heterostructures. Phys Rev Lett 2010; 105:167206. [PMID: 21231007 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.105.167206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We report on a systematic study of a number of structurally identical but chemically distinct transition metal oxides in order to determine how the material-specific properties such as the composition and the strain affect the properties at the interface of heterostructures. Our study considers a series of structures containing two layers of ferromagnetic SrRuO₃, with antiferromagnetic insulating manganites sandwiched in between. The results demonstrate how to control the strength and relative orientation of interfacial ferromagnetism in correlated electron materials by means of valence state variation and substrate-induced strain, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Seo
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
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37
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Chia EEM, Talbayev D, Zhu JX, Yuan HQ, Park T, Thompson JD, Panagopoulos C, Chen GF, Luo JL, Wang NL, Taylor AJ. Ultrafast pump-probe study of phase separation and competing orders in the underdoped (Ba,K)Fe2As2 superconductor. Phys Rev Lett 2010; 104:027003. [PMID: 20366619 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.104.027003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2008] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We report measurements of quasiparticle relaxation dynamics in the high-temperature superconductor (Ba,K)Fe2As2 in optimally doped, underdoped, and undoped regimes. In the underdoped sample, spin-density wave (SDW) order forms at approximately 85 K, followed by superconductivity at approximately 28 K. We find the emergence of a normal-state order that suppresses SDW at a temperature T{*} approximately 60 K and argue that this normal-state order is a precursor to superconductivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elbert E M Chia
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
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38
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Raicević I, Jaroszyński J, Popović D, Panagopoulos C, Sasagawa T. Evidence for charge glasslike behavior in lightly doped La2-xSrxCuO4 at low temperatures. Phys Rev Lett 2008; 101:177004. [PMID: 18999777 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.101.177004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A c-axis magnetotransport and resistance noise study in La_(1.97)Sr_(0.03)CuO_(4) reveals clear signatures of glassiness, such as hysteresis, memory, and slow, correlated dynamics, but only at temperatures (T) well below the spin glass transition temperature T_(sg). The results strongly suggest the emergence of charge glassiness, or dynamic charge ordering, as a result of Coulomb interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Raicević
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA.
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40
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Panagopoulos C, Majoros M, Nishizaki T, Iwasaki H. Weak magnetic order in the normal state of the high-Tc superconductor La2-xSrxCuO4. Phys Rev Lett 2006; 96:047002. [PMID: 16486873 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.96.047002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2005] [Revised: 08/29/2005] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
We report magnetization measurements in the normal state of the high transition temperature (high-Tc) superconductor La2-xSrxCuO4. A magnetic order in the form of hysteresis in the low-field magnetization is observed at temperatures well above Tc. The doping (x) dependence of the onset and strength of this order follows Tc(x) and falls within the pseudogap regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Panagopoulos
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
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41
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Andreouli C, Efthimiopoulos T, Christoulakis S, Tsetsekou A, Panagopoulos C. Influence of irradiated target modification on the quality of pulsed laser deposited YBa2Cu3O7−x thin films. Ann Ital Chir 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2003.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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42
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Alexandrides T, Spiliotis J, Mylonas P, Melachrinou M, Kardamakis D, Spiliopoulou I, Panagopoulos C, Kalfarentzos F. Effects of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-I on radiation enteritis. a comparative study. Eur Surg Res 2000; 30:305-11. [PMID: 9731098 DOI: 10.1159/000008592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The effect of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) on intestinal mucosal integrity and bacterial translocation after abdominal radiation was studied in rats. Animals were divided into the following groups: I (control), II (radiation), III (radiation plus GH) and IV (radiation plus IGF-I). Radiation (1,100 cGy) was administered on the 1st day to groups II, III and IV. GH [0.25 mg/kg body weight (BW) s.c. once daily] was administered on days 1, 2 and 3 to group III, and IGF-I (0.1 mg/kg BW s.c. twice daily) was given on days 1, 2 and 3 to group IV. On day 4, animals were sacrificed. Cultures of the mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) and blood cultures from aorta and portal vein were performed. The number of villi per centimeter (V/cm), the villus height (Vh), mitoses per crypt (M/C) and protein and DNA contents of the mucosa were evaluated in samples from the terminal ileum. Radiation increased the number of positive MLN cultures, while treatment with GH and IGF-I reduced them significantly. V/cm, Vh, M/C, protein and DNA contents were significantly increased in all irradiated animals treated with GH and IGF-I. In conclusion both GH and IGF-I are not only capable of improving the mucosal integrity but also to reduce the bacterial translocation that follows intestinal radiation. In small doses IGF-I could reproduce the effects of GH and in some parameters the effects were more pronounced, although not statistically significant. This suggests that the effects of GH on intestine could be mediated through the local and systemic generation of IGF-I.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Alexandrides
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Patras, Greece
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Panagopoulos C, Cooper JR, Athanassopoulou N, Chrosch J. Effects of Zn doping on the anisotropic penetration depth of YBa2Cu3O7. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1996; 54:R12721-R12724. [PMID: 9985228 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.54.r12721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Kalfarentzos F, Spiliotis J, Melachrinou M, Katsarou C, Spiliopoulou I, Panagopoulos C, Alexandrides T. Oral ornithine a-ketoglutarate accelerates healing of thesmall intestine and reduces bacterial translocation after abdominal radiation. Clin Nutr 1996; 15:29-33. [PMID: 16843992 DOI: 10.1016/s0261-5614(96)80258-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/1995] [Accepted: 09/20/1995] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The effect of dietary ornithine a-ketoglutarate (OKG) on intestinal mucosal integrity and bacterial translocation was studied in rats following administration of a single dose of abdominal radiation (1100 cGy). Following the radiation injury the rats were randomized to receive a nutritionally incomplete diet which contained only water and OKG or a control diet with water and the non-essential amino-acid glycine. Four days after radiation, rats were anaesthetized and a laparotomy was performed. Cultures from mesenteric lymph nodes were taken and two tissue samples from the terminal ileum were also taken for light microscopy, protein and DNA determination. We examined the following parameters: number of villi per cm (V/cm), villus height (Vh), number of mitoses per crypt (M/c) and we measured the mucosal protein and DNA content. Nine of 16 rats who received the OKG-free diet had positive cultures but only 3 of 18 rats who received the OKG-enriched diet (P= 0.002). The group on the OKG-enriched diet had a better intestinal mucosal architecture than the group on the OKG-free diet and the studied parameters of the gut mucosa were significantly better: (V/cm: 130 +/- 8.1 vs 99 +/- 7.9, P = 0.001. Vh(mm): 0.40 +/- 0.03 vs 0.24 +/- 0.05, P= 0.002. M/c: 1.71 +/- 0.03 vs 0.34 +/- 0.2, P= 0.001, Protein (mg/cm): 2.300 +/- 0.033 vs 1.207 +/- 0.014, P = 0.002. DNA (microg/cm): 203 +/- 6.41 vs 130 +/- 4.94, P = 0.001. We conclude that OKG-enriched diet prevents the deleterious effects of radiation on intestinal mucosal morphology and integrity, abolishing thus, the increased bacterial translocation observed after abdominal radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Kalfarentzos
- Department of Surgery, University of Patras, Medical School, Patras, Greece
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45
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Panagopoulos C, Cooper JR, Peacock GB, Gameson I, Edwards PP, Schmidbauer W, Hodby JW. Anisotropic magnetic penetration depth of grain-aligned HgBa2Ca2Cu3O8+ delta. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1996; 53:R2999-R3002. [PMID: 9983905 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.53.r2999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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46
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Abstract
We report a case of intramural gastric actinomycosis and review the features of the additional 16 cases of this uncommon infection reported in the literature. The patient had gastrointestinal symptoms, weight loss, and fever after gastric operation. At laparotomy, an infiltrating gastric tumor-like lesion was found. Histology revealed actinomycosis, and the patient was successfully treated with oral penicillin. Because of its rarity, intramural actinomycosis is an entity overlooked by most surgeons. Reporting of such cases may help increase the awareness of this important and curable disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Skoutelis
- Department of Medicine, Medical School, University of Patras, Greece
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47
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Vagianos C, Karatzas T, Scopa CD, Panagopoulos C, Tsoni I, Spiliopoulou I, Kalfarentzos F. Neurotensin reduces microbial translocation and improves intestinal mucosa integrity after abdominal radiation. Eur Surg Res 1992; 24:77-83. [PMID: 1582431 DOI: 10.1159/000129191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The effect of neurotensin (NTN) on preventing microbial translocation and preserving intestinal mucosal integrity after abdominal radiation was studied in rats. Animals were divided into the following groups: I (control), II (radiation control) and III (radiation and NTN). Radiation (1,100 cGy) was administered on the 1st day to groups II and III. NTN (300 micrograms/kg) was given intraperitoneally to group III animals, once daily for 3 days. On the 4th day, mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) were obtained and cultured. Villi per centimeter (V/cm), villus height (Vh) and mitoses per crypt (M/c) were evaluated from ileal mucosa. Radiation increased positive MLN cultures, while treatment with NTN reduced them significantly. V/cm and Vh also returned to normal levels after NTN treatment, while M/c were increased in all irradiated animals. It was shown that NTN reduces bacterial translocation after abdominal radiation. Examination of ileal mucosa indicates that this can be attributed to the improvement of the mucosal integrity, due to the trophic effect of the hormone on the gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Vagianos
- Department of Surgery, University of Patras, Greece
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Vagianos C, Karatzas T, Scopa C, Panagopoulos C, Pitsis A, Kalfarentzos F. Growth hormone improves intestinal mucosa integrity and reduces bacterial translocation after abdominal radiation. Clin Nutr 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/0261-5614(91)90186-g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Abstract
Twenty-one cases of hepatic abscesses treated during a period of four years (from 1981 to 1985) at the University of Patras, Greece, are presented. This material includes 10 cases with abscesses caused by suppurated echinococcal cysts, corresponding to 21% of the total number of 47 cases of echinococcal cysts of the liver treated at our department during the same period. A preoperative diagnosis of the suppurated echinococcal cysts by conventional laboratory methods was not reliable. Because of the high frequency of echinococcal disease in our region and the risk of contamination of the peritoneal cavity from echinococcal parasites if the cyst is punctured, the new therapeutic techniques of treating hepatic abscesses by percutaneous drainage have not been applied. The exclusive method of treatment used was surgical drainage which had a satisfactory outcome and a mortality rate as low as 9%.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Karavias
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital, Patras, Greece
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Panagopoulos C, Panagopoulou-Panoutsou H, Sekeris C, Haralampides A. Biological Acylations: 4th Report. Pharmacology 1959. [DOI: 10.1159/000134771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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