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Hill EC, Gao DF, Polhemus DA, Fraser CJ, Iova B, Allison A, Butler MA. Testing Geology with Biology: Plate Tectonics and the Diversification of Microhylid Frogs in the Papuan Region. Integr Org Biol 2023; 5:obad028. [PMID: 37670952 PMCID: PMC10476510 DOI: 10.1093/iob/obad028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies of the Papuan region have provided fundamental insights into the evolutionary processes generating its exceptional biodiversity, but the influence of geological processes merits further study. Lying at the junction of five tectonic plates, this region has experienced a turbulent geological history that has not only produced towering mountains allowing elevational specialization and island archipelagos with varying degrees of isolation promoting vicariance, but also active margins where land masses have collided and been subsequently rifted apart creating a mosaic of intermixed terranes with vastly different geological histories. Asterophryine frogs are a hyperdiverse clade representing half the world's microhylid diversity (over 360 species) centered on New Guinea and its satellite islands. We show that vicariance facilitated by geological history explains this far and wide distribution of a clade that should have poor dispersal abilities. We recovered a mainland tectonic unit, the East Papua Composite Terrane (EPCT), as the center of origin for Asterophryinae and no fewer than 71 instances of what appear to be long-distance dispersal events, 29 of which are between mainland regions, with 42 from the mainland to the islands, some presently as far as 200 km away from source populations over open ocean. Furthermore, we find strong support for a "Slow and Steady" hypothesis for the formation of the northern margin of New Guinea by many separate accretion events during the Miocene, over other major geological alternatives, consistent with the 20 M year age of the clade and arrival via the EPCT. In addition, the historical biogeography of our frogs strongly supports an affiliation of the Louisiade Archipelago and Woodlark Island with the Owen Stanley Range on the EPCT, and the recent proximity of the large New Britain Island. Our results show that Asterophryinae did not have to repeatedly and independently disperse across large ocean barriers to the offshore islands, against the predictions of island biogeography theory, but that the current distribution can be explained through vicariance and short-distance oceanic dispersal as historical land connections disappeared and islands slowly became separated from each other. We show that islands have a life history, changing in distance from other land masses, with consequent opportunities for dispersal, isolation, and cladogenesis of their biotas. More broadly, we can begin to see how the geological history of the Papuan region can result in the rapid accumulation and staggering number of extant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan C Hill
- School of Life Sciences, University of Hawai‘i, 2538 McCarthy Mall, Honolulu, 96822, HI, USA
| | - Diana F Gao
- School of Life Sciences, University of Hawai‘i, 2538 McCarthy Mall, Honolulu, 96822, HI, USA
- Department of Biology, University of San Francisco, 2130 Fulton St, Harney Science Center, San Francisco, 94117, CA, USA
| | - Dan A Polhemus
- Natural Science, Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum, Street, 96817, HI, USA
| | - Claire J Fraser
- School of Life Sciences, University of Hawai‘i, 2538 McCarthy Mall, Honolulu, 96822, HI, USA
| | - Bulisa Iova
- National Museum and Art Gallery, Boroko, National Capital District, PNG
| | - Allen Allison
- Natural Science, Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum, Street, 96817, HI, USA
| | - Marguerite A Butler
- School of Life Sciences, University of Hawai‘i, 2538 McCarthy Mall, Honolulu, 96822, HI, USA
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Hill EC, Jarman MJ, Fraser CJ, Gao DF, Henry ER, Fisher AR, Iova B, Allison A, Butler MA. Molecular and phylogenetic datasets for the Asterophryinae frogs of New Guinea with additional data on lifestyle, geography, and elevation. Data Brief 2023; 47:108987. [PMID: 36875215 PMCID: PMC9974435 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2023.108987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The data provided here are related to the article "Resolving the Deep Phylogeny: Implications for Early Adaptive Radiation, Cryptic, and Present-day Ecological Diversity of Papuan Microhylid Frogs" [1]. The dataset is based on 233 tissue samples of the subfamily Asteroprhyinae, with representatives from all recognized genera, in addition to three outgroup taxa. The sequence dataset contains over 2400 characters per sample for five genes: three nuclear (Seventh in Absentia (SIA), Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF), Sodium Calcium Exchange subunit-1 (NXC-1)), and two mitochondrial loci (Cytochrome oxidase b (CYTB), and NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4 (ND4)); and is 99% complete. New primers were designed for all loci and accession numbers for the raw sequence data are provided. The sequences are used with geological time calibrations to produce time-calibrated Bayesian inference (BI) and Maximum Likelihood (ML) phylogenetic reconstructions using BEAST2 and IQ-TREE. Lifestyle data (arboreal, scansorial, terrestrial, fossorial, semi-aquatic) were collected from the literature and field notes and used to infer ancestral character states for each lineage. Collection location and elevation data were used to verify sites where multiple species or candidate species co-occur. All sequence data, alignments, and associated metadata (voucher specimen number, species identification, type locality status, global positioning system [GPS] coordinates, elevation, site with species list, and lifestyle) as well as the code to produce all analyses and figures are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan C Hill
- School of Life Sciences, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Mary J Jarman
- School of Life Sciences, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Claire J Fraser
- School of Life Sciences, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Diana F Gao
- University of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94116, USA
| | - Elizabeth R Henry
- School of Life Sciences, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Allison R Fisher
- School of Life Sciences, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Bulisa Iova
- National Museum and Art Gallery, P. O. Box 5560 Boroko, National Capital District, Papua New Guinea
| | | | - Marguerite A Butler
- School of Life Sciences, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
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Hill EC, Fraser CJ, Gao DF, Jarman MJ, Henry ER, Iova B, Allison A, Butler MA. Resolving the deep phylogeny: Implications for early adaptive radiation, cryptic, and present-day ecological diversity of Papuan microhylid frogs. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2022; 177:107618. [PMID: 36031107 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
The microhylid frogs of the New Guinea region are the largest and most ecologically diverse subfamily (Asterophryinae) of one of the largest anuran families in the world and can live in communities of up to 20 species. While there has been recent progress in resolving the phylogenetic relationships of Asterophryinae, significant uncertainties remain, impeding further progress in understanding the evolution of microhabitat use, parental care, and life history variation in this group. In particular, the early divergences at the base of the tree remain unclear; as does the monophyly of some genera; and recent studies have discovered that species with wide geographic distribution are instead cryptic species complexes. In this study, we fortified geographic sampling of the largest previous phylogenetic effort by sequencing an additional 62 taxa and increased data quality and quantity by adding new layers of data vetting and by filling in previously incomplete loci to the five gene dataset (2 mitochondrial, 3 nuclear protein-coding genes) to obtain a dataset that is now 99% complete in over 2400 characters for 233 samples (205 taxa) of Asterophryinae and 3 outgroup taxa, and analyzed microhabitat use data for these taxa from field data and data collected from the literature. Importantly, our sampling includes complete community complements at 19 sites as well as representatives at over 80 sites across New Guinea and its offshore islands. We present a highly resolved molecular phylogeny which, for the first time, has over 95% of nodes supported (84% highly supported) whether using Maximum Likelihood or Bayesian Inference, allowing clarification of all genera (whether monophyletic or clearly not), their sister genera relationships, as well as an age estimate for the Asterophryinae at approximately 20MYA. Early generic diversification occurring between 17 and 12 MYA gave rise to a surprising diversity of about 18 genera as well as the 5 putative microhabitat types. Our tree reveals extensive cryptic diversity calling any widespread taxa into doubt, and clearly demonstrates that complex multispecies communities of Asterophryinae are ecologically diverse, are numerous, and of ancient origin across New Guinea. We discuss the implications of our phylogeny for explaining the explosive diversification of Asterophryinae as the result of adaptive radiation, niche conservatism, and non-adaptive radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan C Hill
- School of Life Sciences, University of Hawaií, Honolulu 96822, HI, USA.
| | - Claire J Fraser
- School of Life Sciences, University of Hawaií, Honolulu 96822, HI, USA.
| | - Diana F Gao
- University of San Francisco, San Francisco 94117, CA, USA
| | - Mary J Jarman
- School of Life Sciences, University of Hawaií, Honolulu 96822, HI, USA
| | - Elizabeth R Henry
- School of Life Sciences, University of Hawaií, Honolulu 96822, HI, USA.
| | - Bulisa Iova
- National Museum and Art Gallery, P. O. Box 5560 Boroko, National Capital District, Papua New Guinea
| | - Allen Allison
- School of Life Sciences, University of Hawaií, Honolulu 96822, HI, USA; Bernice P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu 96817, HI, USA.
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Larcombe PJ, Kapur N, Fraser CJ, Coulthard MG, Schlapbach LJ. Intrabronchial administration of activated recombinant factor VII in a young child with diffuse alveolar hemorrhage. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2014; 61:570-1. [PMID: 24424793 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.24841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 10/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P J Larcombe
- Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Royal Children's Hospital Brisbane, Herston, Queensland, Australia
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Mitchell R, Nivison-Smith I, Anazodo A, Tiedemann K, Shaw PJ, Teague L, Fraser CJ, Carter TL, Tapp H, Alvaro F, O'Brien TA. Outcomes of haematopoietic stem cell transplantation for inherited metabolic disorders: a report from the Australian and New Zealand Children's Haematology Oncology Group and the Australasian Bone Marrow Transplant Recipient Registry. Pediatr Transplant 2013; 17:582-8. [PMID: 23802616 DOI: 10.1111/petr.12109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report a retrospective analysis of 53 haematopoietic stem cell transplants for inherited metabolic disorders performed at ANZCHOG transplant centres between 1992 and 2008. Indications for transplant included Hurler syndrome, ALD, and MLD. The majority of transplants utilized unrelated donor stem cells (66%) with 65% of those being unrelated cord blood. Conditioning therapy was largely myeloablative, with Bu plus another cytotoxic agent used in 89% of recipients. Primary graft failure was rare, occurring in three patients, all of whom remain long-term survivors following the second transplant. The CI of grade II-IV and grade III-IV acute GVHD at day +100 was 39% and 14%, respectively. Chronic GVHD occurred in 17% of recipients. TRM was 12% at day +100 and 19% at one yr post-transplant. OS at five yr was 78% for the cohort, 73% for patients with ALD and 83% for patients with Hurler syndrome. There was no statistically significant difference in overall survival between unrelated marrow and unrelated cord blood donor groups. The development of interstitial pneumonitis was an independent variable shown to significantly impact on TRM and OS. In summary, we report a large cohort of patients with inherited metabolic disorders with excellent survival post-allogeneic transplant.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Mitchell
- Centre for Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
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Affiliation(s)
- P J Moloney
- Connaught Laboratories, University of Toronto, Toronto, Can
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Fraser CJ, Weigel BJ, Perentesis JP, Dusenbery KE, DeFor TE, Baker KS, Verneris MR. Autologous stem cell transplantation for high-risk Ewing's sarcoma and other pediatric solid tumors. Bone Marrow Transplant 2006; 37:175-81. [PMID: 16273111 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bmt.1705224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The prognosis for many pediatric and young adult patients with solid tumors that have metastasized at the time of diagnosis or have relapsed after therapy remains very poor. The steep dose-response curve of many of these tumors to alkylating agents makes myeloablative chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) an attractive potential therapy. The role of ASCT for these high-risk patients is yet to be conclusively determined. We have transplanted 36 patients on two consecutive protocols with a variety of histological diagnoses. Overall survival (OS) was 63% (95% CI: 47-79%) at 1 year and 33% (95% CI: 16-50%) at 3 years. Patients with a diagnosis of Ewing's sarcoma (ES) or desmoplastic small round cell tumor (DSRCT) had significantly better survival than those with other diagnoses with estimated 3-year OS of 54% (95% CI: 29-79%) for this group of patients (P = 0.03). There were two transplant-related deaths both attributable to hepatic veno-occlusive disease. Median follow-up among survivors is 3.5 years (range: 0.6-7.9 years). These data justify continued investigation of ASCT as a consolidation therapy in patients with metastatic or relapsed ES and DSRCT.
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MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Bone Neoplasms/complications
- Bone Neoplasms/mortality
- Bone Neoplasms/pathology
- Bone Neoplasms/therapy
- Child
- Child, Preschool
- Disease-Free Survival
- Female
- Fibroma, Desmoplastic/complications
- Fibroma, Desmoplastic/mortality
- Fibroma, Desmoplastic/pathology
- Fibroma, Desmoplastic/therapy
- Follow-Up Studies
- Hepatic Veno-Occlusive Disease/etiology
- Hepatic Veno-Occlusive Disease/mortality
- Humans
- Male
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/complications
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/mortality
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/pathology
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/therapy
- Risk Factors
- Sarcoma, Ewing/complications
- Sarcoma, Ewing/mortality
- Sarcoma, Ewing/pathology
- Sarcoma, Ewing/therapy
- Stem Cell Transplantation/methods
- Stem Cell Transplantation/mortality
- Survival Rate
- Transplantation, Autologous
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Fraser
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology, Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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Wardley AM, Jayson GC, Swindell R, Morgenstern GR, Chang J, Bloor R, Fraser CJ, Scarffe JH. Prospective evaluation of oral mucositis in patients receiving myeloablative conditioning regimens and haemopoietic progenitor rescue. Br J Haematol 2000; 110:292-9. [PMID: 10971384 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2141.2000.02202.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Four hundred and twenty-nine patients received myeloablative chemotherapy for solid and haematological malignancies in a bone marrow transplantation unit. Regimens appropriate to the tumour type were administered and haemopoietic reconstitution was achieved with peripheral blood progenitor cells (PBPC; n = 275), autologous bone marrow (auto-BMT; n = 69) or allogeneic bone marrow (allo-BMT; n = 85). World Health Organization (WHO) oral mucositis scores were collected prospectively from the start of chemotherapy (d 1) until d 28 or discharge. Oral mucositis (OM) was experienced by 425 (99%) patients and in 289 (67.4%) this was grade III or IV. Strong opiate analgesia was prescribed for a median of 6 d to 47% of patients. Univariate analysis suggested that the area under the OM curve (AUC; sum of daily mucositis grades, d 1-28) was associated with the myeloablative regimen, haemopoietic progenitor source (PBPC > allo-BMT > auto-BMT), use of myeloid growth factors and age. Multivariate analysis showed that the only independent risk factor for mucositis was the conditioning regimen (P < 0.00005). The mean OM AUC for high-dose melphalan (HDM) regimens (52 grade-days) exceeded busulphan (41), busulphan-cyclophosphamide (35), cyclophosphamide-total body irradiation (TBI) (34), cyclophosphamide-carmustine (BCNU) (20) and cyclophosphamide-etoposide-carmustine (CVB) (19). HDM regimens resulted in the highest mean peak OM (3.6), followed by busulphan regimens (2.6), cyclophosphamide/TBI (2.3) and cyclophosphamide-carmustine and CVB (1.4). Busulphan produced significantly delayed OM (median 3 d; P < 0.00005). There was a linear association between the area under the OM curve for each treatment group and the time to reach grade 3 OM (P < 0.00005), but no association with the time to reach grade 4 neutropenia (P = 0.24) or thrombocytopenia (P = 0.73), implying that haematological and mucosal toxicity are not associated. The cytotoxic regimen is the most significant determinant of OM. Studies investigating agents to ameliorate mucosal toxicity should be stratified according to cytotoxic regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Wardley
- Cancer Research Campaign Department of Medical Oncology, Christie Hospital NHS Trust, Wilmslow Road, Withington, Manchester M20 4BX, UK
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Fraser CJ, Joiner GN, Jardine JH, Gleiser CA. Acute granulocytic leukemia in cats. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1974; 165:355-9. [PMID: 4527634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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