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Tadei R, Menezes-Oliveira VB, Silva CI, Mathias da Silva EC, Malaspina O. Sensitivity of the Neotropical Solitary Bee Centris analis F. (Hymenoptera, Apidae) to the Reference Insecticide Dimethoate for Pesticide Risk Assessment. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023; 42:2758-2767. [PMID: 37638658 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Currently, only Apis mellifera is used in environmental regulation to evaluate the hazard of pesticides to pollinators. The low representativeness of pollinators and bee diversity in this approach may result in insufficient protection for the wild species. This scenario is intensified in tropical environments, where little is known about the effects of pesticides on solitary bees. We aimed to calculate the medium lethal dose (LD50) and medium lethal concentration (LC50) of the insecticide dimethoate in the Neotropical solitary bee Centris analis, a cavity-nesting, oil-collecting bee distributed from Brazil to Mexico. Males and females of C. analis were exposed orally to dimethoate for 48 h under laboratory conditions. Lethality was assessed every 24 h until 144 h after the beginning of the test. After the LD50 calculation, we compared the value with available LD50 values in the literature of other bee species using the species sensitivity distribution curve. In 48 h of exposure, males showed an LD50 value 1.33 times lower than females (32.78 and 43.84 ng active ingredient/bee, respectively). Centris analis was more sensitive to dimethoate than the model species A. mellifera and the solitary bee from temperate zones, Osmia lignaria. However, on a body weight basis, C. analis and A. mellifera had similar LD50 values. Ours is the first study that calculated an LD50 for a Neotropical solitary bee. Besides, the results are of crucial importance for a better understanding of the effects of pesticides on the tropical bee fauna and will help to improve the risk assessment of pesticides to bees under tropical conditions, giving attention to wild species, which are commonly neglected. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:2758-2767. © 2023 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela Tadei
- Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, Rio Claro, Brazil
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, Sorocaba, Brazil
| | - Vanessa B Menezes-Oliveira
- Course Coordination on Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Tocantins, Palmas, Tocantins, Brazil
| | - Claudia I Silva
- Consultoria Inteligente em Serviços Ecossistêmicos, Sorocaba, Brazil
| | | | - Osmar Malaspina
- Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, Rio Claro, Brazil
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Maia-Silva C, Limão AAC, Silva CI, Imperatriz-Fonseca VL, Hrncir M. Stingless Bees (Melipona subnitida) Overcome Severe Drought Events in the Brazilian Tropical Dry Forest by Opting for High-Profit Food Sources. Neotrop Entomol 2020; 49:595-603. [PMID: 32103461 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-019-00756-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In the Brazilian Tropical Dry Forest, the Caatinga, stingless bees (Apidae, Meliponini) need to adjust their foraging behavior to a very short and unpredictable blooming period. Melipona subnitida Ducke 1910 is one of the few meliponine species adapted to the environmental peculiarities of this biome. To get an insight into how these highly eusocial bees are able to maintain their perennial colonies despite extended periods of food scarcity, we asked the following questions: (1) At which plant species do colonies of M. subnitida collect their food during the rainy season? And (2) are there any plant species during the dry season, from which the colonies may profit for replenishing their food stores? During 1 year, we collected monthly honey and pollen samples from recently built storage pots of five colonies of M. subnitida and identified the botanical origin of the collected resources. In the course of our study, the colonies foraged at native trees, shrubs, and herbaceous species, demonstrating the importance of all plant strata for the bees' diet. Profitable plants, which bloom mainly during the rainy season and usually produce a great number of flowers, were frequently sampled in new pots throughout the entire study, even during the dry season. From our results, we compiled a list of the most important plant species providing floral resources for bees throughout the year, including periods of drought. We recommend these plants for restoration areas to improve the conservation of native bee species and local beekeeping in the Brazilian Tropical Dry Forest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Maia-Silva
- Univ Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN, Brasil.
- Univ Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil.
| | - A A C Limão
- Univ Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN, Brasil
| | - C I Silva
- Univ de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
- Univ do Estado de São Paulo, Rio Claro, SP, Brasil
| | - V L Imperatriz-Fonseca
- Univ Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN, Brasil
- Univ de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - M Hrncir
- Univ Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN, Brasil
- Univ de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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Silveira ACO, Caierão J, Silva CI, Anzai EK, McCulloch JA, d'Azevedo PA, Sincero TCM. Impact of mutations in hVISA isolates on decreased susceptibility to vancomycin, through population analyses profile - area under curve (PAP-AUC). Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2019; 95:114854. [PMID: 31366440 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2019.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
We analyzed sequences of graSR, vraSR, walKR and rpoB genes in hVISA from Brazil. Five isolates showed mutations in at least one gene. rpoB H481N and graS T224I were the most frequent mutations, followed by graR D148Q and walK A468T. Our study reinforces the heterogeneity of genetic patterns among hVISA.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C O Silveira
- UFSC - Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, - SC, Brazil; FURB - Regional University of Blumenau, Blumenau, - SC, Brazil.
| | - J Caierão
- UFRGS - Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, - RS, Brazil
| | - C I Silva
- UFSC - Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, - SC, Brazil
| | - E K Anzai
- FURB - Regional University of Blumenau, Blumenau, - SC, Brazil
| | - J A McCulloch
- USP - University of São Paulo, São Paulo, - SP, Brazil
| | - P A d'Azevedo
- UFCSPA - Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, - RS, Brazil
| | - T C M Sincero
- UFSC - Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, - SC, Brazil
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Krug C, Cordeiro GD, Schäffler I, Silva CI, Oliveira R, Schlindwein C, Dötterl S, Alves-dos-Santos I. Nocturnal Bee Pollinators Are Attracted to Guarana Flowers by Their Scents. Front Plant Sci 2018; 9:1072. [PMID: 30108601 PMCID: PMC6080595 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Floral scent is an important component of the trait repertoire of flowering plants, which is used to attract and manipulate pollinators. Despite advances during the last decades about the chemicals released by flowers, there is still a large gap in our understanding of chemical communication between flowering plants and their pollinators. We analyzed floral scents of guarana (Paullinia cupana, Sapindaceae), an economically important plant of the Amazon, using chemical analytical approaches, and determined the attractiveness of the scent to its nocturnal bee pollinators using behavioral assays in the field. Pollen loads of attracted bees were also analyzed. Inflorescences of guarana emit strong scents, both during day and at night, with some semi-quantitative differences between day- and night-time scents. Synthetic scent mixtures containing some of the identified floral scent components, including the most abundant ones, i.e., linalool and (E)-β-ocimene, successfully attracted the nocturnal Megalopta bee pollinators. Pollen analyses revealed that many of the attracted bees had pollen grains from previous visits to guarana flowers on their bodies. Overall, our data show that guarana flowers attract nocturnal bee visitors by their strong scents and suggest that the chemical communication between this plant and its pollinators is a key component in crop production of this economically important plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiane Krug
- Empresa Brazileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa) Amazônia Ocidental, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Guaraci D. Cordeiro
- Departamento de Ecologia, IBUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Irmgard Schäffler
- Department of Biosciences, Plant Ecology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Claudia I. Silva
- Departamento de Ecologia, IBUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Reisla Oliveira
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Clemens Schlindwein
- Departamento de Botânica, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Stefan Dötterl
- Department of Biosciences, Plant Ecology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
- *Correspondence: Stefan Dötterl,
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Hamer OW, Silva CI, Müller NL. [Cryptogenic organizing pneumonia: typical and atypical imaging features on computed tomography]. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2008; 180:614-20. [PMID: 18512189 DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1027449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Organizing pneumonia (OP) occurs without any identifiable cause ("cryptogenic organizing pneumonia") as well as secondary to a multitude of disorders of various origins ("secondary organizing pneumonia"). Possible triggers are infections, drugs, collagen vascular disease, inflammatory bowel disease, transplantations, and radiation directed to the chest. The present manuscript provides an overview of the histopathological, clinical and CT imaging features of OP. Classic CT morphologies (peripheral and peribronchovascular consolidations and ground glass opacities) and atypical imaging features (nodules, crazy paving, lines and bands, perilobular consolidations and the reversed halo sign) are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- O W Hamer
- Institut für Röntgendiagnostik, Klinikum der Universität Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, Regensburg.
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