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Casertano M, Esposito E, Bello I, Indolfi C, Putra MY, Di Cesare Mannelli L, Ghelardini C, Menna M, Sorrentino R, Cirino G, d’Emmanuele di Villa Bianca R, Imperatore C, Panza E, Mitidieri E. Searching for Novel Sources of Hydrogen Sulfide Donors: Chemical Profiling of Polycarpa aurata Extract and Evaluation of the Anti-Inflammatory Effects. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:641. [PMID: 38132963 PMCID: PMC10744941 DOI: 10.3390/md21120641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a signaling molecule endogenously produced within mammals' cells that plays an important role in inflammation, exerting anti-inflammatory effects. In this view, the research has shown a growing interest in identifying natural H2S donors. Herein, for the first time, the potential of marine extract as a source of H2S-releasing agents has been explored. Different fractions obtained by the Indonesian ascidian Polycarpa aurata were evaluated for their ability to release H2S in solution. The main components of the most active fraction were then characterized by liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) and NMR spectroscopy. The ability of this fraction to release H2S was evaluated in a cell-free assay and J774 macrophages by a fluorimetric method, and its anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated in vitro and in vivo by using carrageenan-induced mouse paw edema. The anti-inflammatory effects were assessed by inhibiting the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2), and interleukin-6 (IL-6), coupled with a reduction in nitric oxide (NO) and IL-6 levels. Thus, this study defines the first example of a marine source able to inhibit inflammatory responses in vivo through the release of H2S.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcello Casertano
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.C.); (E.E.); (I.B.); (M.M.); (R.S.); (G.C.); (E.P.); (E.M.)
| | - Erika Esposito
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.C.); (E.E.); (I.B.); (M.M.); (R.S.); (G.C.); (E.P.); (E.M.)
| | - Ivana Bello
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.C.); (E.E.); (I.B.); (M.M.); (R.S.); (G.C.); (E.P.); (E.M.)
| | - Chiara Indolfi
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Masteria Yunovilsa Putra
- Research Center for Vaccine and Drugs, Research Organisation for Healths, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jalan Raya Jakarta-Bogor KM. 46, Cibinong 16911, Indonesia;
| | - Lorenzo Di Cesare Mannelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-NEUROFARBA-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (L.D.C.M.); (C.G.)
| | - Carla Ghelardini
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-NEUROFARBA-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (L.D.C.M.); (C.G.)
| | - Marialuisa Menna
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.C.); (E.E.); (I.B.); (M.M.); (R.S.); (G.C.); (E.P.); (E.M.)
| | - Raffaella Sorrentino
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.C.); (E.E.); (I.B.); (M.M.); (R.S.); (G.C.); (E.P.); (E.M.)
| | - Giuseppe Cirino
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.C.); (E.E.); (I.B.); (M.M.); (R.S.); (G.C.); (E.P.); (E.M.)
| | - Roberta d’Emmanuele di Villa Bianca
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.C.); (E.E.); (I.B.); (M.M.); (R.S.); (G.C.); (E.P.); (E.M.)
| | - Concetta Imperatore
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.C.); (E.E.); (I.B.); (M.M.); (R.S.); (G.C.); (E.P.); (E.M.)
| | - Elisabetta Panza
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.C.); (E.E.); (I.B.); (M.M.); (R.S.); (G.C.); (E.P.); (E.M.)
| | - Emma Mitidieri
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.C.); (E.E.); (I.B.); (M.M.); (R.S.); (G.C.); (E.P.); (E.M.)
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Casertano M, Vito A, Aiello A, Imperatore C, Menna M. Natural Bioactive Compounds from Marine Invertebrates That Modulate Key Targets Implicated in the Onset of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and Its Complications. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2321. [PMID: 37765290 PMCID: PMC10538088 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15092321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an ongoing, risky, and costly health problem that therefore always requires new treatment options. Moreover, although several drugs are available, only 36% of patients achieve glycaemic control, and patient adherence is a major obstacle. With monotherapy, T2DM and its comorbidities/complications often cannot be managed, and the concurrent administration of several hypoglycaemic drugs is required, which increases the risk of side effects. In fact, despite the efficacy of the drugs currently on the market, they generally come with serious side effects. Therefore, scientific research must always be active in the discovery of new therapeutic agents. DISCUSSION The present review highlights some of the recent discoveries regarding marine natural products that can modulate the various targets that have been identified as crucial in the establishment of T2DM disease and its complications, with a focus on the compounds isolated from marine invertebrates. The activities of these metabolites are illustrated and discussed. OBJECTIVES The paper aims to capture the relevant evidence of the great chemical diversity of marine natural products as a key tool that can advance understanding in the T2DM research field, as well as in antidiabetic drug discovery. The variety of chemical scaffolds highlighted by the natural hits provides not only a source of chemical probes for the study of specific targets involved in the onset of T2DM, but is also a helpful tool for the development of drugs that are capable of acting via novel mechanisms. Thus, it lays the foundation for the design of multiple ligands that can overcome the drawbacks of polypharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Marialuisa Menna
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (M.C.); (A.V.); (A.A.); (C.I.)
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Casertano M, Genovese M, Santi A, Pranzini E, Balestri F, Piazza L, Del Corso A, Avunduk S, Imperatore C, Menna M, Paoli P. Evidence of Insulin-Sensitizing and Mimetic Activity of the Sesquiterpene Quinone Avarone, a Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B and Aldose Reductase Dual Targeting Agent from the Marine Sponge Dysidea avara. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020528. [PMID: 36839851 PMCID: PMC9964544 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a complex disease characterized by impaired glucose homeostasis and serious long-term complications. First-line therapeutic options for T2DM treatment are monodrug therapies, often replaced by multidrug therapies to ensure that non-responding patients maintain target glycemia levels. The use of multitarget drugs instead of mono- or multidrug therapies has been emerging as a main strategy to treat multifactorial diseases, including T2DM. Therefore, modern drug discovery in its early stages aims to identify potential modulators for multiple targets; for this purpose, exploration of the chemical space of natural products represents a powerful tool. Our study demonstrates that avarone, a sesquiterpene quinone obtained from the sponge Dysidea avara, is capable of inhibiting in vitro PTP1B, the main negative regulator of the insulin receptor, while it improves insulin sensitivity, and mitochondria activity in C2C12 cells. We observe that when avarone is administered alone, it acts as an insulin-mimetic agent. In addition, we show that avarone acts as a tight binding inhibitor of aldose reductase (AKR1B1), the enzyme involved in the development of diabetic complications. Overall, avarone could be proposed as a novel natural hit to be developed as a multitarget drug for diabetes and its pathological complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcello Casertano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Massimo Genovese
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Alice Santi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Erica Pranzini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Balestri
- Biochemistry Unit, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via S. Zeno 51, 56123 Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center for Marine Pharmacology, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Lucia Piazza
- Biochemistry Unit, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via S. Zeno 51, 56123 Pisa, Italy
| | - Antonella Del Corso
- Biochemistry Unit, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via S. Zeno 51, 56123 Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center for Marine Pharmacology, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Sibel Avunduk
- Medical Laboratory Programme, Vocational School of Health Care, Mugla University, Marmaris 48187, Turkey
| | - Concetta Imperatore
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Marialuisa Menna
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (P.P.); Tel.: +39-081678518 (M.M.); +39-0552751248 (P.P.)
| | - Paolo Paoli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (P.P.); Tel.: +39-081678518 (M.M.); +39-0552751248 (P.P.)
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Casertano M, Genovese M, Piazza L, Balestri F, Del Corso A, Vito A, Paoli P, Santi A, Imperatore C, Menna M. Identifying Human PTP1B Enzyme Inhibitors from Marine Natural Products: Perspectives for Developing of Novel Insulin-Mimetic Drugs. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15030325. [PMID: 35337123 PMCID: PMC8950868 DOI: 10.3390/ph15030325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) represents a complex and multifactorial disease that causes metabolic disorders with acute and long-term serious complications. The onset of DM, with over 90% of cases of diabetes classified as type 2, implies several metabolic dysfunctions leading to consider DM a worldwide health problem. In this frame, protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) and aldose reductase (AR) are two emerging targets involved in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its chronic complications. Herein, we employed a marine-derived dual type inhibitor of these enzymes, phosphoeleganin, as chemical starting point to perform a fragment-based process in search for new inhibitors. Phosphoeleganin was both disassembled by its oxidative cleavage and used as model structure for the synthesis of a small library of functionalized derivatives as rationally designed analogues. Pharmacological screening supported by in silico docking analysis outlined the mechanism of action against PTP1B exerted by a phosphorylated fragment and a synthetic simplified analogue, which represent the most potent inhibitors in the library.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcello Casertano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.C.); (A.V.); (C.I.)
| | - Massimo Genovese
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (M.G.); (A.S.)
| | - Lucia Piazza
- Biochemistry Unit, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56123 Pisa, Italy; (L.P.); (F.B.); (A.D.C.)
| | - Francesco Balestri
- Biochemistry Unit, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56123 Pisa, Italy; (L.P.); (F.B.); (A.D.C.)
| | - Antonella Del Corso
- Biochemistry Unit, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56123 Pisa, Italy; (L.P.); (F.B.); (A.D.C.)
| | - Alessio Vito
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.C.); (A.V.); (C.I.)
| | - Paolo Paoli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (M.G.); (A.S.)
- Correspondence: (P.P.); (M.M.); Tel.: +39-055-275-1248 (P.P.); +39-081-67-8518 (M.M.)
| | - Alice Santi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (M.G.); (A.S.)
| | - Concetta Imperatore
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.C.); (A.V.); (C.I.)
| | - Marialuisa Menna
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.C.); (A.V.); (C.I.)
- Correspondence: (P.P.); (M.M.); Tel.: +39-055-275-1248 (P.P.); +39-081-67-8518 (M.M.)
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Casertano M, Genovese M, Paoli P, Santi A, Aiello A, Menna M, Imperatore C. Insights into Cytotoxic Behavior of Lepadins and Structure Elucidation of the New Alkaloid Lepadin L from the Mediterranean Ascidian Clavelina lepadiformis. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20010065. [PMID: 35049920 PMCID: PMC8782007 DOI: 10.3390/md20010065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemical investigation of the Mediterranean ascidian Clavelina lepadiformis has led to the isolation of a new lepadin, named lepadin L, and two known metabolites belonging to the same family, lepadins A and B. The planar structure and relative configuration of the decahydroquinoline ring of lepadin L were established both by means of HR-ESIMS and by a detailed as extensive analysis of 1D and 2D NMR spectra. Moreover, microscale derivatization of the new alkaloid lepadin L was performed to assess the relative configuration of the functionalized alkyl side chain. Lepadins A, B, and L were tested for their cytotoxic activity on a panel of cancer cell lines (human melanoma [A375], human breast [MDA-MB-468], human colon adenocarcinoma [HT29], human colorectal carcinoma [HCT116], and mouse myoblast [C2C12]). Interestingly, a deeper investigation into the mechanism of action of the most cytotoxic metabolite, lepadin A, on the A375 cells has highlighted its ability to induce a strongly inhibition of cell migration, G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and a dose-dependent decrease of cell clonogenity, suggesting that it is able to impair self-renewing capacity of A375 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcello Casertano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.C.); (A.A.); (C.I.)
| | - Massimo Genovese
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy; (M.G.); (P.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Paolo Paoli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy; (M.G.); (P.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Alice Santi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy; (M.G.); (P.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Anna Aiello
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.C.); (A.A.); (C.I.)
| | - Marialuisa Menna
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.C.); (A.A.); (C.I.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-081-678-518
| | - Concetta Imperatore
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.C.); (A.A.); (C.I.)
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Singh M, Zannella C, Folliero V, Di Girolamo R, Bajardi F, Chianese A, Altucci L, Damasco A, Del Sorbo MR, Imperatore C, Rossi M, Valadan M, Varra M, Vergara A, Franci G, Galdiero M, Altucci C. Combating Actions of Green 2D-Materials on Gram Positive and Negative Bacteria and Enveloped Viruses. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:569967. [PMID: 33117781 PMCID: PMC7549698 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.569967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Interactions of novel bi-dimensional nanomaterials and live matter such as bacteria and viruses represent an extremely hot topic due to the unique properties of the innovative nanomaterials, capable in some cases to exhibit bactericide and antiviral actions. The interactions between bacteria and viruses and two dimensional nanosheets are here investigated. We extensively studied the interaction between a gram-negative bacterium, Escherichia coli, and a gram-positive bacterium, Staphylococcus aureus, with two different types of 2D nanoflakes such as MoS2, belonging to the Transition Metal Dichalcogenides family, and Graphene Oxide. The same two types of nanomaterials were employed to study their antiviral action toward the Herpes simplex virus type-1, (HSV-1). The experimental results showed different bactericide impacts as well as different antiviral power between the two nanomaterials. The experimental findings were interpreted in bacteria on the base of the Derjaguin–Landau–Verwey–Overbeek theory. A simple kinetic model of bacterial growth in the presence of the interacting nanosheets is also elaborated, to explain the observed results. The experimental results in viruses are really novel and somewhat surprising, evidencing a stronger antiviral action of Graphene Oxide as compared to MoS2. Results in viruses are complicated to quantitatively interpret due to the complexity of the system under study, constituted by virus/host cell and nanoflake, and due to the lack of a well assessed theoretical context to refer to. Thus, these results are interpreted in terms of qualitative arguments based on the chemical properties of the interactors in the given solvent medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjot Singh
- Laboratory of Bio-Nano-Photonics, Department of Physics "Ettore Pancini", University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Carla Zannella
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Veronica Folliero
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Rocco Di Girolamo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Bajardi
- Laboratory of Bio-Nano-Photonics, Department of Physics "Ettore Pancini", University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.,Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Naples, Italy
| | - Annalisa Chianese
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Lucia Altucci
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Achille Damasco
- Laboratory of Bio-Nano-Photonics, Department of Physics "Ettore Pancini", University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | | | | | - Manuela Rossi
- Department of Earth Science, Environment and Resources, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Mohammadhassan Valadan
- Laboratory of Bio-Nano-Photonics, Department of Physics "Ettore Pancini", University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Michela Varra
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandro Vergara
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Guanluigi Franci
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Baronissi, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Galdiero
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Carlo Altucci
- Laboratory of Bio-Nano-Photonics, Department of Physics "Ettore Pancini", University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.,Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Naples, Italy
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Imperatore C, Varriale A, Rivieccio E, Pennacchio A, Staiano M, D’Auria S, Casertano M, Altucci C, Valadan M, Singh M, Menna M, Varra M. Spectroscopic Properties of Two 5'-(4-Dimethylamino)Azobenzene Conjugated G-Quadruplex Forming Oligonucleotides. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197103. [PMID: 32993097 PMCID: PMC7582650 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of two 5′-end (4-dimethylamino)azobenzene conjugated G-quadruplex forming aptamers, the thrombin binding aptamer (TBA) and the HIV-1 integrase aptamer (T30695), was performed. Their structural behavior was investigated by means of UV, CD, fluorescence spectroscopy, and gel electrophoresis techniques in K+-containing buffers and water-ethanol blends. Particularly, we observed that the presence of the 5′-(4-dimethylamino)azobenzene moiety leads TBA to form multimers instead of the typical monomolecular chair-like G-quadruplex and almost hampers T30695 G-quadruplex monomers to dimerize. Fluorescence studies evidenced that both the conjugated G-quadruplexes possess unique fluorescence features when excited at wavelengths corresponding to the UV absorption of the conjugated moiety. Furthermore, a preliminary investigation of the trans-cis conversion of the dye incorporated at the 5′-end of TBA and T30695 showed that, unlike the free dye, in K+-containing water-ethanol-triethylamine blend the trans-to-cis conversion was almost undetectable by means of a standard UV spectrophotometer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concetta Imperatore
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.I.); (E.R.); (M.C.); (M.M.)
| | - Antonio Varriale
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council of Italy, via Roma 64, 83100 Avellino, Italy; (A.V.); (A.P.); (M.S.); (S.D.)
| | - Elisa Rivieccio
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.I.); (E.R.); (M.C.); (M.M.)
| | - Angela Pennacchio
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council of Italy, via Roma 64, 83100 Avellino, Italy; (A.V.); (A.P.); (M.S.); (S.D.)
| | - Maria Staiano
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council of Italy, via Roma 64, 83100 Avellino, Italy; (A.V.); (A.P.); (M.S.); (S.D.)
| | - Sabato D’Auria
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council of Italy, via Roma 64, 83100 Avellino, Italy; (A.V.); (A.P.); (M.S.); (S.D.)
| | - Marcello Casertano
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.I.); (E.R.); (M.C.); (M.M.)
| | - Carlo Altucci
- Department of Physics “Ettore Pancini”, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia, 21—Building 6, 80126 Naples, Italy; (C.A.); (M.V.); (M.S.)
| | - Mohammadhassan Valadan
- Department of Physics “Ettore Pancini”, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia, 21—Building 6, 80126 Naples, Italy; (C.A.); (M.V.); (M.S.)
| | - Manjot Singh
- Department of Physics “Ettore Pancini”, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia, 21—Building 6, 80126 Naples, Italy; (C.A.); (M.V.); (M.S.)
| | - Marialuisa Menna
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.I.); (E.R.); (M.C.); (M.M.)
| | - Michela Varra
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.I.); (E.R.); (M.C.); (M.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-081-678540
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Casertano M, Menna M, Fattorusso C, Basilico N, Parapini S, Persico M, Imperatore C. Antiplasmodial Activity of p-Substituted Benzyl Thiazinoquinone Derivatives and Their Potential against Parasitic Infections. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25071530. [PMID: 32230894 PMCID: PMC7180939 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25071530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Malaria is a life-threatening disease and, what is more, the resistance to available antimalarial drugs is a recurring problem. The resistance of Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasites to previous generations of medicines has undermined malaria control efforts and reversed gains in child survival. This paper describes a continuation of our ongoing efforts to investigate the effects against Plasmodium falciparum strains and human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1) of a series of methoxy p-benzyl-substituted thiazinoquinones designed starting from a pointed antimalarial lead candidate. The data obtained from the newly tested compounds expanded the structure–activity relationships (SARs) of the thiazinoquinone scaffold, indicating that antiplasmodial activity is not affected by the inductive effect but rather by the resonance effect of the introduced group at the para position of the benzyl substituent. Indeed, the current survey was based on the evaluation of antiparasitic usefulness as well as the selectivity on mammalian cells of the tested p-benzyl-substituted thiazinoquinones, upgrading the knowledge about the active thiazinoquinone scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcello Casertano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (M.C.); (M.M.); (C.F.); (M.P.)
- Italian Malaria Network, Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerche Sulla Malaria (CIRM), Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Marialuisa Menna
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (M.C.); (M.M.); (C.F.); (M.P.)
- Italian Malaria Network, Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerche Sulla Malaria (CIRM), Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Caterina Fattorusso
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (M.C.); (M.M.); (C.F.); (M.P.)
- Italian Malaria Network, Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerche Sulla Malaria (CIRM), Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Basilico
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Chirurgiche e Odontoiatriche, Università di Milano, Via Pascal 36, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Silvia Parapini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Università di Milano, Via Pascal 36, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Marco Persico
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (M.C.); (M.M.); (C.F.); (M.P.)
- Italian Malaria Network, Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerche Sulla Malaria (CIRM), Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Concetta Imperatore
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (M.C.); (M.M.); (C.F.); (M.P.)
- Italian Malaria Network, Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerche Sulla Malaria (CIRM), Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-081678530
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Imperatore C, Valadan M, Tartaglione L, Persico M, Ramunno A, Menna M, Casertano M, Dell’Aversano C, Singh M, d’Aulisio Garigliota ML, Bajardi F, Morelli E, Fattorusso C, Altucci C, Varra M. Exploring the Photodynamic Properties of Two Antiproliferative Benzodiazopyrrole Derivatives. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21041246. [PMID: 32069905 PMCID: PMC7072997 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The identification of molecules whose biological activity can be properly modulated by light is a promising therapeutic approach aimed to improve drug selectivity and efficacy on the molecular target and to limit the side effects compared to traditional drugs. Recently, two photo-switchable diastereomeric benzodiazopyrrole derivatives 1RR and 1RS have been reported as microtubules targeting agents (MTAs) on human colorectal carcinoma p53 null cell line (HCT 116 p53-/-). Their IC50 was enhanced upon Light Emitting Diode (LED) irradiation at 435 nm and was related to their cis form. Here we have investigated the photo-responsive behavior of the acid derivatives of 1RR and 1RS, namely, d1RR and d1RS, in phosphate buffer solutions at different pH. The comparison of the UV spectra, acquired before and after LED irradiation, indicated that the trans→cis conversion of d1RR and d1RS is affected by the degree of ionization. The apparent rate constants were calculated from the kinetic data by means of fast UV spectroscopy and the conformers of the putative ionic species present in solution (pH range: 5.7–8.0) were modelled. Taken together, our experimental and theoretical results suggest that the photo-conversions of transd1RR/d1RS into the corresponding cis forms and the thermal decay of cisd1RR/d1RS are dependent on the presence of diazonium form of d1RR/d1RS. Finally, a photo-reaction was detected only for d1RR after prolonged LED irradiation in acidic medium, and the resulting product was characterized by means of Liquid Chromatography coupled to High resolution Mass Spectrometry (LC-HRMS) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concetta Imperatore
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.I.); (L.T.); (M.P.); (M.M.); (M.C.); (C.D.); (E.M.)
| | - Mohammadhassan Valadan
- Department of Physics “Ettore Pancini”, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (M.V.); (M.S.); (F.B.)
| | - Luciana Tartaglione
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.I.); (L.T.); (M.P.); (M.M.); (M.C.); (C.D.); (E.M.)
- CoNISMa–Italian Interuniversity Consortium on Marine Sciences, Piazzale Flaminio 9, 00196 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Persico
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.I.); (L.T.); (M.P.); (M.M.); (M.C.); (C.D.); (E.M.)
| | - Anna Ramunno
- Department of Pharmacy/DIFARMA, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy; (A.R.); (M.L.d.G.)
| | - Marialuisa Menna
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.I.); (L.T.); (M.P.); (M.M.); (M.C.); (C.D.); (E.M.)
| | - Marcello Casertano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.I.); (L.T.); (M.P.); (M.M.); (M.C.); (C.D.); (E.M.)
| | - Carmela Dell’Aversano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.I.); (L.T.); (M.P.); (M.M.); (M.C.); (C.D.); (E.M.)
- CoNISMa–Italian Interuniversity Consortium on Marine Sciences, Piazzale Flaminio 9, 00196 Rome, Italy
| | - Manjot Singh
- Department of Physics “Ettore Pancini”, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (M.V.); (M.S.); (F.B.)
| | | | - Francesco Bajardi
- Department of Physics “Ettore Pancini”, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (M.V.); (M.S.); (F.B.)
| | - Elena Morelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.I.); (L.T.); (M.P.); (M.M.); (M.C.); (C.D.); (E.M.)
| | - Caterina Fattorusso
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.I.); (L.T.); (M.P.); (M.M.); (M.C.); (C.D.); (E.M.)
- Correspondence: (C.F.); (C.A.); (M.V.); Tel.: +39-081-678544 (C.F.); +39-081-676293 (C.A.); +39-081-678540 (M.V.)
| | - Carlo Altucci
- Department of Physics “Ettore Pancini”, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (M.V.); (M.S.); (F.B.)
- Correspondence: (C.F.); (C.A.); (M.V.); Tel.: +39-081-678544 (C.F.); +39-081-676293 (C.A.); +39-081-678540 (M.V.)
| | - Michela Varra
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.I.); (L.T.); (M.P.); (M.M.); (M.C.); (C.D.); (E.M.)
- Correspondence: (C.F.); (C.A.); (M.V.); Tel.: +39-081-678544 (C.F.); +39-081-676293 (C.A.); +39-081-678540 (M.V.)
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Gimmelli R, Persico M, Imperatore C, Saccoccia F, Guidi A, Casertano M, Luciano P, Pietrantoni A, Bertuccini L, Paladino A, Papoff G, Menna M, Fattorusso C, Ruberti G. Thiazinoquinones as New Promising Multistage Schistosomicidal Compounds Impacting Schistosoma mansoni and Egg Viability. ACS Infect Dis 2020; 6:124-137. [PMID: 31718145 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.9b00252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Schistosomiasis is the most significant neglected tropical parasitic disease caused by helminths in terms of morbidity and mortality caused by helminths. In this work, we present the antischistosomal activity against Schistosoma mansoni of a rationally selected small set of thiazinoquinone derivatives, some of which were previously found to be active against Plasmodium falciparum and others synthesized ad hoc. The effects on larvae, juvenile, and adult parasite viability as well as on egg production and development were investigated, resulting in the identification of new multistage antischistosomal hit compounds. The most promising compounds 6, 8, 13, and 14 with a LC50 value on schistosomula from ∼5 to ∼15 μM also induced complete death of juvenile (28 days old) and adult worm pairs (7 weeks old) and a detrimental effect on egg production and development in vitro. Structure-activity relationships (SARs) were analyzed by means of computational studies leading to the hypothesis of a redox-based mechanism of action with a one-electron reduction bioactivation step and the subsequent formation of a toxic semiquinone species, similarly to what was previously observed for the antiplasmodial activity. Our results also evidenced that the selective toxicity against mammalian cells or parasites as well as specific developmental stages of a parasite can be addressed by varying the nature of the introduced substituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Gimmelli
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, Campus A. Buzzati-Traverso, Via E. Ramarini 32, 00015 Monterotondo (Rome), Italy
| | - Marco Persico
- The NeaNat Group, Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
- Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sulla Malaria/Italian Malaria Network, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Concetta Imperatore
- The NeaNat Group, Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
- Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sulla Malaria/Italian Malaria Network, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Fulvio Saccoccia
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, Campus A. Buzzati-Traverso, Via E. Ramarini 32, 00015 Monterotondo (Rome), Italy
| | - Alessandra Guidi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, Campus A. Buzzati-Traverso, Via E. Ramarini 32, 00015 Monterotondo (Rome), Italy
| | - Marcello Casertano
- The NeaNat Group, Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
- Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sulla Malaria/Italian Malaria Network, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Paolo Luciano
- The NeaNat Group, Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
- Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sulla Malaria/Italian Malaria Network, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Agostina Pietrantoni
- Core Facilities, Italian National Institute of Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Lucia Bertuccini
- Core Facilities, Italian National Institute of Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Paladino
- Institute of Chemistry of Molecular Recognition, National Research Council, Via M. Bianco 9, 20131 Milano, Italy
| | - Giuliana Papoff
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, Campus A. Buzzati-Traverso, Via E. Ramarini 32, 00015 Monterotondo (Rome), Italy
| | - Marialuisa Menna
- The NeaNat Group, Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
- Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sulla Malaria/Italian Malaria Network, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Caterina Fattorusso
- The NeaNat Group, Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
- Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sulla Malaria/Italian Malaria Network, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Giovina Ruberti
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, Campus A. Buzzati-Traverso, Via E. Ramarini 32, 00015 Monterotondo (Rome), Italy
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11
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Casertano M, Imperatore C, Luciano P, Aiello A, Putra MY, Gimmelli R, Ruberti G, Menna M. Chemical Investigation of the Indonesian Tunicate Polycarpa aurata and Evaluation of the Effects Against Schistosoma mansoni of the Novel Alkaloids Polyaurines A and B. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17050278. [PMID: 31083316 PMCID: PMC6562961 DOI: 10.3390/md17050278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A deep study of the metabolic content of the tunicate Polycarpa aurata, collected from Indonesian coast, afforded the isolation of two novel alkaloids, polyaurines A (1) and B (2), along with two new p-substituted benzoyl derivatives (3 and 4) and four known compounds (5–8). The structural elucidation of the new secondary metabolites was assigned by 1D, 2D NMR, and HRESIMS techniques. Computational studies resulted a useful tool to unambiguously determine in polyaurine B the presence of rarely found 1,2,4-thiadiazole ring. The effects of polyaurines A and B on mammalian cells growth and on the viability of different blood-dwelling Schistosoma mansoni (phylum: Platyhelminthes) stages, as well as egg production, were evaluated. Both compounds resulted not cytotoxic; interestingly some of the eggs produced by polyaurine A-treated adult pairs in vitro are smaller, deformed, and/or fragmented; therefore, polyaurine A could represent an interesting bioactive natural molecule to be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcello Casertano
- The NeaNat Group, Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Concetta Imperatore
- The NeaNat Group, Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Paolo Luciano
- The NeaNat Group, Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Anna Aiello
- The NeaNat Group, Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Masteria Yunovilsa Putra
- Research Center for Oceanography, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Jl Pasir Putih Raya 1, DKI Jakarta 14430, Indonesia.
| | - Roberto Gimmelli
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, National Research Council, Campus A. Buzzati-Traverso, Via E. Ramarini, 32, 00015 Monterotondo (Roma), Italy.
| | - Giovina Ruberti
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, National Research Council, Campus A. Buzzati-Traverso, Via E. Ramarini, 32, 00015 Monterotondo (Roma), Italy.
| | - Marialuisa Menna
- The NeaNat Group, Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy.
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12
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Imperatore C, Scuotto M, Valadan M, Rivieccio E, Saide A, Russo A, Altucci C, Menna M, Ramunno A, Mayol L, Russo G, Varra M. Photo-control of cancer cell growth by benzodiazo N-substituted pyrrole derivatives. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2019.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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13
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Imperatore C, Persico M, Senese M, Aiello A, Casertano M, Luciano P, Basilico N, Parapini S, Paladino A, Fattorusso C, Menna M. Exploring the antimalarial potential of the methoxy-thiazinoquinone scaffold: Identification of a new lead candidate. Bioorg Chem 2019; 85:240-252. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/22/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Menna M, Imperatore C, Mangoni A, Della Sala G, Taglialatela-Scafati O. Challenges in the configuration assignment of natural products. A case-selective perspective. Nat Prod Rep 2019; 36:476-489. [DOI: 10.1039/c8np00053k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
An overview by a case study approach on the currently available methods for the configurational analysis of natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marialuisa Menna
- Department of Pharmacy
- University of Naples Federico II
- 80131 Napoli
- Italy
| | | | - Alfonso Mangoni
- Department of Pharmacy
- University of Naples Federico II
- 80131 Napoli
- Italy
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Imperatore C, Cimino P, Cebrián-Torrejón G, Persico M, Aiello A, Senese M, Fattorusso C, Menna M, Doménech-Carbó A. Insight into the Mechanism of Action of Marine Cytotoxic Thiazinoquinones. Mar Drugs 2017; 15:md15110335. [PMID: 29099042 PMCID: PMC5706025 DOI: 10.3390/md15110335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The electrochemical response of four natural cytotoxic thiazinoquinones isolated from the Aplidium species was studied using conventional solution-phase and solid-state techniques, based on the voltammetry of immobilized particles methodology. The interaction with O₂ and electrochemically generated reactive oxygen species (ROS) was electrochemically monitored. At the same time, a molecular modeling study including density functional theory (DFT) calculations was performed in order to analyze the conformational and electronic properties of the natural thiazinoquinones, as well as those of their reduced intermediates. The obtained electrochemical and computational results were analyzed and correlated to cytotoxic activity of these compounds, highlighting some features possibly related to their mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concetta Imperatore
- The NeaNat Group, Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy.
- Italian Malaria Network-Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerche Sulla Malaria (CIRM), Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Scienze Biochimiche, via Del Giochetto, 06122 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Paola Cimino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy.
| | - Gerardo Cebrián-Torrejón
- Departament de Química Analítica, Facultat de Química, Universitat de València, Dr. Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
- Departement Des Sciences, Université de Nîmes University, Nimes EA7352 CHROME, Rue du Dr. G. Salan, 30021 Nîmes CEDEX 1, France.
| | - Marco Persico
- The NeaNat Group, Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy.
- Italian Malaria Network-Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerche Sulla Malaria (CIRM), Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Scienze Biochimiche, via Del Giochetto, 06122 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Anna Aiello
- The NeaNat Group, Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy.
- Italian Malaria Network-Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerche Sulla Malaria (CIRM), Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Scienze Biochimiche, via Del Giochetto, 06122 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Maria Senese
- The NeaNat Group, Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy.
- Italian Malaria Network-Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerche Sulla Malaria (CIRM), Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Scienze Biochimiche, via Del Giochetto, 06122 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Caterina Fattorusso
- The NeaNat Group, Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy.
- Italian Malaria Network-Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerche Sulla Malaria (CIRM), Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Scienze Biochimiche, via Del Giochetto, 06122 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Marialuisa Menna
- The NeaNat Group, Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy.
- Italian Malaria Network-Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerche Sulla Malaria (CIRM), Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Scienze Biochimiche, via Del Giochetto, 06122 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Antonio Doménech-Carbó
- Departament de Química Analítica, Facultat de Química, Universitat de València, Dr. Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
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Luciano P, Imperatore C, Senese M, Aiello A, Casertano M, Guo YW, Menna M. Assignment of the Absolute Configuration of Phosphoeleganin via Synthesis of Model Compounds. J Nat Prod 2017; 80:2118-2123. [PMID: 28699746 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.7b00397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The full absolute configuration assignment of phosphoeleganin (1), a recently discovered marine-derived phosphorylated polyketide with protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B inhibitory activity, was achieved. It was based on the synthesis of model diasteroisomeric compounds of the C-8-C-12 segment portion of phosphoeleganin, chiral derivatization methods, and application of the universal NMR database concept.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Luciano
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II" , Via D. Montesano, 49, I-80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Concetta Imperatore
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II" , Via D. Montesano, 49, I-80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Maria Senese
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II" , Via D. Montesano, 49, I-80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Anna Aiello
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II" , Via D. Montesano, 49, I-80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Marcello Casertano
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II" , Via D. Montesano, 49, I-80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Yue-W Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Zu Chong Zhi Road 555, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Marialuisa Menna
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II" , Via D. Montesano, 49, I-80131 Napoli, Italy
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Ciccarelli A, Calabrò C, Imperatore C, Scala G. Hymenoptera Venom Allergy. A closer collaboration is needed between allergists and emergency physicians. Eur Ann Allergy Clin Immunol 2017; 49:15-17. [PMID: 28120601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Background. Hymenoptera stings are sometimes fatal in venom-allergic patients. Fatalities mostly occur in previously stung subjects, especially those with a history of systemic reactions, and could be avoided if patients were properly informed of the existence of a prevention strategy for insect stings, referred to an allergy follow-up and prescribed auto-injectable epinephrine and/or venom-specific immunotherapy (VIT). We sought to assess knowledge and awareness of Hymenoptera Venom Allergy (HVA) in a small sample of Emergency Physicians in our geographic area. Methods. An eight-point questionnaire on HVA was administered to Emergency Department physicians working in the six largest ED in Naples. Results. Twenty-seven physicians completed the questionnaire. Twenty/27 (74%) were unaware of the classification of Hymenoptera sting reactions, 11/27 (41%) were unaware of the existence of prevention strategies such as VIT, 18/27 (67%) did not refer HVA patients to a specialist follow up. One/27 (4%) prescribed auto-injectable epinephrine and 100% wish better information on the topic. Conclusions. In our survey we found a number of ED physicians whose knowledge of HVA, beyond the emergency treatment, is not satisfactory. A closer collaboration among ED physicians and allergists is urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ciccarelli
- Allergy Unit, Loreto Crispi Hospital, ASL Napoli 1 - Centro, Naples, Italy
| | - C Calabrò
- Allergy Unit, Loreto Crispi Hospital, ASL Napoli 1 - Centro, Naples, Italy
| | - C Imperatore
- Allergy Unit, Loreto Crispi Hospital, ASL Napoli 1 - Centro, Naples, Italy
| | - G Scala
- Allergy Unit, Loreto Crispi Hospital, ASL Napoli 1 - Centro, Naples, Italy. E-mail:
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Imperatore C, Luciano P, Aiello A, Vitalone R, Irace C, Santamaria R, Li J, Guo YW, Menna M. Structure and Configuration of Phosphoeleganin, a Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B Inhibitor from the Mediterranean Ascidian Sidnyum elegans. J Nat Prod 2016; 79:1144-1148. [PMID: 27064611 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6b00063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A new phosphorylated polyketide, phosphoeleganin (1), has been isolated from the Mediterranean ascidian Sidnyum elegans. Its structure and configuration have been determined by extensive use of 2D NMR and microscale chemical degradation and/or derivatization. Phosphoeleganin (1) inhibited the protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concetta Imperatore
- The NeaNat Group, Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II , Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Paolo Luciano
- The NeaNat Group, Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II , Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Anna Aiello
- The NeaNat Group, Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II , Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Rocco Vitalone
- The NeaNat Group, Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II , Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Carlo Irace
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II , Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Rita Santamaria
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II , Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Jia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Zu Chong Zhi Road 555, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue-W Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Zu Chong Zhi Road 555, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Marialuisa Menna
- The NeaNat Group, Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II , Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
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Imperatore C, Persico M, Aiello A, Luciano P, Guiso M, Sanasi MF, Taramelli D, Parapini S, Cebrián-Torrejón G, Doménech-Carbó A, Fattorusso C, Menna M. Marine inspired antiplasmodial thiazinoquinones: synthesis, computational studies and electrochemical assays. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra09302c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An original approach, starting from marine derived compounds and combining chemical, computational and electrochemical methods, evidenced the thiazinoquinone scaffold as a new chemotype active againstP. falciparum.
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Imperatore C, Aiello A, D'Aniello F, Senese M, Menna M. Alkaloids from marine invertebrates as important leads for anticancer drugs discovery and development. Molecules 2014; 19:20391-423. [PMID: 25490431 PMCID: PMC6270949 DOI: 10.3390/molecules191220391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Revised: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The present review describes research on novel natural antitumor alkaloids isolated from marine invertebrates. The structure, origin, and confirmed cytotoxic activity of more than 130 novel alkaloids belonging to several structural families (indoles, pyrroles, pyrazines, quinolines, and pyridoacridines), together with some of their synthetic analogs, are illustrated. Recent discoveries concerning the current state of the potential and/or development of some of them as new drugs, as well as the current knowledge regarding their modes of action, are also summarized. A special emphasis is given to the role of marine invertebrate alkaloids as an important source of leads for anticancer drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concetta Imperatore
- The NeaNat Group, Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, Napoli 80131, Italy.
| | - Anna Aiello
- The NeaNat Group, Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, Napoli 80131, Italy.
| | - Filomena D'Aniello
- The NeaNat Group, Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, Napoli 80131, Italy.
| | - Maria Senese
- The NeaNat Group, Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, Napoli 80131, Italy.
| | - Marialuisa Menna
- The NeaNat Group, Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, Napoli 80131, Italy.
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21
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Menna M, Aiello A, D'Aniello F, Imperatore C, Luciano P, Vitalone R, Irace C, Santamaria R. Conithiaquinones A and B, Tetracyclic Cytotoxic Meroterpenes from the Mediterranean AscidianAplidium conicum. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201300260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Imperatore C, Aiello A, D’Aniello F, Luciano P, Vitalone R, Meli R, Raso GM, Menna M. New bioactive alkyl sulfates from Mediterranean tunicates. Molecules 2012; 17:12642-50. [PMID: 23103530 PMCID: PMC6268736 DOI: 10.3390/molecules171112642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2012] [Revised: 10/22/2012] [Accepted: 10/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemical investigation of two species of marine ascidians, Aplidium elegans and Ciona edwardsii, collected in Mediterranean area, led to isolation of a series of alkyl sulfates (compounds 1-5) including three new molecules 1-3. Structures of the new metabolites have been elucidated by spectroscopic analysis. Based on previously reported cytotoxic activity of these type of molecules, compounds 1-3 have been tested for their effects on the growth of two cell lines, J774A.1 (BALB/c murine macrophages) and C6 (rat glioma) in vitro. Compounds 1 and 2 induced selective concentration-dependent mortality on J774A.1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concetta Imperatore
- The NeaNat Group, Dipartimento di Chimica delle Sostanze Naturali, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Napoli, Italy; (C.I.); (A.A.); (F.D.); (R.V.)
| | - Anna Aiello
- The NeaNat Group, Dipartimento di Chimica delle Sostanze Naturali, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Napoli, Italy; (C.I.); (A.A.); (F.D.); (R.V.)
| | - Filomena D’Aniello
- The NeaNat Group, Dipartimento di Chimica delle Sostanze Naturali, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Napoli, Italy; (C.I.); (A.A.); (F.D.); (R.V.)
| | - Paolo Luciano
- C.S.I.A.S. (Centro Servizi Interdipartimentale di Analisi Strumentale), Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Napoli, Italy;
| | - Rocco Vitalone
- The NeaNat Group, Dipartimento di Chimica delle Sostanze Naturali, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Napoli, Italy; (C.I.); (A.A.); (F.D.); (R.V.)
| | - Rosaria Meli
- Dipartimento di Farmacologia Sperimentale, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Napoli, Italy; (R.M.); (G.M.R.)
| | - Giuseppina Mattace Raso
- Dipartimento di Farmacologia Sperimentale, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Napoli, Italy; (R.M.); (G.M.R.)
| | - Marialuisa Menna
- The NeaNat Group, Dipartimento di Chimica delle Sostanze Naturali, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Napoli, Italy; (C.I.); (A.A.); (F.D.); (R.V.)
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Aiello A, Fattorusso E, Imperatore C, Luciano P, Menna M, Vitalone R. Aplisulfamines, new sulfoxide-containing metabolites from an aplidium tunicate: absolute stereochemistry at chiral sulfur and carbon atoms assigned through an original combination of spectroscopic and computational methods. Mar Drugs 2012; 10:51-63. [PMID: 22363220 PMCID: PMC3280528 DOI: 10.3390/md10010051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2011] [Revised: 12/22/2011] [Accepted: 12/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Two new sulfoxide-containing metabolites, aplisulfamines A (1) and B (2), have been isolated from an Aplidium sp. collected in the Bay of Naples. Their planar structure and geometry of a double bond were readily determined by using standard methods, mainly NMR spectroscopy. An original approach was used to assign the absolute configuration at the three contiguous chiral centers present in the structures of both aplisulfamines, two at carbon and one at sulfur. This involved Electronic Circular Dichroism (ECD) studies, J-based configuration analysis and Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations and represents an interesting integration of modern techniques in stereoanalysis, which could contribute to the enhancement of theoretical protocols recently applied to solve stereochemical aspects in structure elucidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Aiello
- The NeaNat Group, Dipartimento di Chimica delle Sostanze Naturali, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (A.A.); (E.F.); (C.I.); (R.V.)
| | - Ernesto Fattorusso
- The NeaNat Group, Dipartimento di Chimica delle Sostanze Naturali, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (A.A.); (E.F.); (C.I.); (R.V.)
| | - Concetta Imperatore
- The NeaNat Group, Dipartimento di Chimica delle Sostanze Naturali, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (A.A.); (E.F.); (C.I.); (R.V.)
| | - Paolo Luciano
- C.S.I.A.S. (Centro Servizi Interuniversitario di Analisi Strumentale), Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Marialuisa Menna
- The NeaNat Group, Dipartimento di Chimica delle Sostanze Naturali, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (A.A.); (E.F.); (C.I.); (R.V.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; ; Tel.: +39-081-678-518; Fax: +39-081-678-552
| | - Rocco Vitalone
- The NeaNat Group, Dipartimento di Chimica delle Sostanze Naturali, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (A.A.); (E.F.); (C.I.); (R.V.)
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Abstract
About 300 alkaloid structures isolated from marine ascidians are discussed in term of their occurrence, structural type and reported pharmacological activity. Some major groups (e.g., the lamellarins and the ecteinascidins) are discussed in detail, highlighting their potential as therapeutic agents for the treatment of cancer or viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marialuisa Menna
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; ; Tel.: +39-081-678-518; Fax: +39-081-678-552
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25
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Aiello A, Fattorusso E, Imperatore C, Irace C, Luciano P, Menna M, Santamaria R, Vitalone R. Zorrimidazolone, a bioactive alkaloid from the non-indigenous mediterranean stolidobranch Polyandrocarpa zorritensis. Mar Drugs 2011; 9:1157-1165. [PMID: 21747753 PMCID: PMC3131566 DOI: 10.3390/md9061157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2011] [Revised: 05/31/2011] [Accepted: 06/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemical analysis of the Mediterranean ascidian Polyandrocarpa zorritensis (Van Name 1931) resulted in the isolation of a series of molecules including two monoindole alkaloids, 3-indolylglyoxylic acid (3) and its methyl ester (4), 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenylglyoxylic acid methyl ester (1) and a new alkaloid we named zorrimidazolone (2). The structure of the novel compound 2 has been elucidated by spectroscopic analysis and bioactivity of all compounds has been investigated. Zorrimidazolone (2) showed a modest cytotoxic activity against C6 rat glioma cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Aiello
- The NeaNat Group, Department of Chemistry of Natural Products, University of Napoli “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, Napoli 80131, Italy; E-Mails: (A.A.); (E.F.); (C.I.); (R.V.)
| | - Ernesto Fattorusso
- The NeaNat Group, Department of Chemistry of Natural Products, University of Napoli “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, Napoli 80131, Italy; E-Mails: (A.A.); (E.F.); (C.I.); (R.V.)
| | - Concetta Imperatore
- The NeaNat Group, Department of Chemistry of Natural Products, University of Napoli “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, Napoli 80131, Italy; E-Mails: (A.A.); (E.F.); (C.I.); (R.V.)
| | - Carlo Irace
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, University of Napoli “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, Napoli 80131, Italy; E-Mail: (C.I.); (R.S.)
| | - Paolo Luciano
- C.S.I.A.S. (Interdepartmental Service Center for Spectroscopic Analysis), University of Napoli “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, Napoli 80131, Italy; E-Mail:
| | - Marialuisa Menna
- The NeaNat Group, Department of Chemistry of Natural Products, University of Napoli “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, Napoli 80131, Italy; E-Mails: (A.A.); (E.F.); (C.I.); (R.V.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +39-081-678-518; Fax: +39-081-678-552
| | - Rita Santamaria
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, University of Napoli “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, Napoli 80131, Italy; E-Mail: (C.I.); (R.S.)
| | - Rocco Vitalone
- The NeaNat Group, Department of Chemistry of Natural Products, University of Napoli “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, Napoli 80131, Italy; E-Mails: (A.A.); (E.F.); (C.I.); (R.V.)
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Saija A, Princi P, Imperatore C, De Pasquale R, Costa G. Ageing influences haloperidol-induced changes in the permeability of the blood-brain barrier in the rat. J Pharm Pharmacol 2011; 44:450-2. [PMID: 1359065 DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.1992.tb03644.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The effect of the dopaminergic antagonist haloperidol on the permeability of the blood-brain barier (BBB) to [14C]α-aminoisobutyric acid was studied in 10–12- and 28–30-week old rats. Following the intraperitoneal injection of haloperidol (1 mg kg−1), an increase in the permeability of the BBB, with respect to younger animals, was observed within the occipital cortex, striatum, hippocampus and hypothalamus in the older rats. No correlation was found between haloperidol-induced changes and age-related differences in the permeability of the BBB. Such age-associated increase in the vulnerability of the BBB when challenged with haloperidol might be related to a deterioration of the dopaminergic control of cerebrovascular permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Saija
- Department Farmaco-Biologico, School of Pharmacy, University of Messina, Italy
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Mangoni O, Imperatore C, Tomas CR, Costantino V, Saggiomo V, Mangoni A. The new carotenoid pigment moraxanthin is associated with toxic microalgae. Mar Drugs 2011; 9:242-255. [PMID: 21566797 PMCID: PMC3093255 DOI: 10.3390/md9020242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2010] [Revised: 01/25/2011] [Accepted: 02/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The new pigment “moraxanthin” was found in natural samples from a fish mortality site in the Inland Bays of Delaware, USA. Pure cultures of the species, tentatively named Chattonella cf. verruculosa, and natural samples contained this pigment as a dominant carotenoid. The pigment, obtained from a 10 L culture of C. cf. verruculosa, was isolated and harvested by HPLC and its structure determined from MS and 1D- and 2D-NMR. The data identified this pigment as a new acylated form of vaucheriaxanthin called moraxanthin after the berry like algal cell. Its presence in pure cultures and in natural bloom samples indicates that moraxanthin is specific to C. cf. verruculosa and can be used as a marker of its presence when HPLC is used to analyze natural blooms samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Mangoni
- Dipartimento delle Scienze Biologiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Mezzocannone 8, 80134 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Concetta Imperatore
- Dipartimento di Chimica delle Sostanze Naturali, Università di Napoli Federico II, via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (C.I.); (V.C.)
| | - Carmelo R. Tomas
- Center for Marine Science, University of North Carolina at Wilmington, 5600 Marvin K. Moss Lane, Wilmington, NC 28409, USA;
| | - Valeria Costantino
- Dipartimento di Chimica delle Sostanze Naturali, Università di Napoli Federico II, via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (C.I.); (V.C.)
| | - Vincenzo Saggiomo
- Stazione Zoologica "A. Dohrn", Villa Comunale I, 80121 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Alfonso Mangoni
- Dipartimento di Chimica delle Sostanze Naturali, Università di Napoli Federico II, via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (C.I.); (V.C.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed ; Tel.: +39-081-678-532; Fax: +39-081-678-552
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Aiello A, Fattorusso E, Imperatore C, Menna M, Müller WE. Iodocionin, a cytotoxic iodinated metabolite from the Mediterranean ascidian Ciona edwardsii. Mar Drugs 2010; 8:285-91. [PMID: 20390106 PMCID: PMC2852839 DOI: 10.3390/md8020285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2010] [Revised: 01/28/2010] [Accepted: 02/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemical investigation of the Mediterranean ascidian Ciona edwardsii has been performed, leading to the isolation of two halogenated compounds: a new tyrosineiodinated derivative iodocionin (1) and the relevant brominated analogue (2), previously isolated from a Caribbean sponge. The structure of the new compound 1 has been assigned on the basis of spectroscopic analysis. Both compounds were tested for cytotoxicity in vitro against two different cancer cell lines, L5178Y (mouse lymphoma) and PC-12 (rat pheochromocytoma). Iodocionin was shown to possess significant and selective activity against lymphoma cells with an IC50 of 7.75 μg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Aiello
- Dipartimento di Chimica delle Sostanze Naturali, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Napoli, Italy; E-Mails:
(A.A.);
(E.F.);
(C.I.)
| | - Ernesto Fattorusso
- Dipartimento di Chimica delle Sostanze Naturali, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Napoli, Italy; E-Mails:
(A.A.);
(E.F.);
(C.I.)
| | - Concetta Imperatore
- Dipartimento di Chimica delle Sostanze Naturali, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Napoli, Italy; E-Mails:
(A.A.);
(E.F.);
(C.I.)
| | - Marialuisa Menna
- Dipartimento di Chimica delle Sostanze Naturali, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Napoli, Italy; E-Mails:
(A.A.);
(E.F.);
(C.I.)
- * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail:
;, Tel.: +39-081-678-518;, Fax: +39-081-678-552
| | - Werner E.G. Müller
- Dept. for Applied Molecular Biology, Institute for Physiological Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg- University Medical Center, Duesbergweg 6, D-55099 Mainz, Germany; E-Mail:
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Costantino V, Fattorusso E, Imperatore C, Mangoni A, Teta R. Amphiceramide A and B, Novel Glycosphingolipids from the Marine SpongeAmphimedon compressa. European J Org Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200801230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Costantino V, Fattorusso E, Imperatore C, Mangoni A. Glycolipids from sponges. 20. J-Coupling analysis for stereochemical assignments in furanosides: structure elucidation of vesparioside B, a glycosphingolipid from the marine sponge Spheciospongia vesparia. J Org Chem 2008; 73:6158-65. [PMID: 18651774 DOI: 10.1021/jo800837k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Reinvestigation of the glycosphingolipid composition of the marine sponge Spheciospongia vesparia revealed the presence of vesparioside B ( 2a), a new furanose-rich hexaglycosylated glycosphingolipid that is the most complex glycosphingolipid isolated from a marine sponge to date. The structure of the new compound was elucidated using extensive 2D NMR studies and chemical degradation. Particularly useful for structure elucidation of vesparioside B was a quantum mechanical computational study, showing that in furanosides a vicinal coupling constant <2.0 Hz (for H-1/H-2 or H-3/H-4) or <3.5 Hz (for H-2/H-3) is a proof of the trans orientation of the relevant protons. This general rule, combined with ROE data, allowed us to elucidate the relative stereochemistry (including anomeric configuration) of the three furanose five-membered rings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Costantino
- Dipartimento di Chimica delle Sostanze Naturali, Università di Napoli "Federico II", via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
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Costantino V, Fattorusso E, Imperatore C, Mangoni A, Teta R. Terpioside from the Marine SpongeTerpios sp., the First Glycosphingolipid Having anL-Fucofuranose Unit. European J Org Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200701220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Costantino V, de Rosa C, Fattorusso E, Imperatore C, Mangoni A, Irace C, Maffettone C, Capasso D, Malorni L, Palumbo R, Pedone C. Oreacerebrosides: Bioactive Cerebrosides with a Triunsaturated Sphingoid Base from the Sea StarOreaster reticulatus. European J Org Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200700390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Costantino V, Fattorusso E, Imperatore C, Mangoni A. Glycolipids from sponges. Part 17. Clathrosides and isoclathrosides, unique glycolipids from the Caribbean sponge Agelas clathrodes. J Nat Prod 2006; 69:73-8. [PMID: 16441072 DOI: 10.1021/np050331v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Two families of unique glycolipids, clathrosides A-C (2a-4a) and isoclathrosides A-C (5a-7a) were isolated from the Caribbean sponge Agelas clathrodes. Clathrosides and isoclathrosides are glycosides of a very-long-chain alcohol derived from fatty acids, a new class of glycolipids that appears to be characteristic of marine sponges. The six compounds differ in configuration and in the branching of alkyl chains. Stereostructures of the clathrosides were determined by NMR and CD spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and chemical degradation. Location of the methyl branch on the proper alkyl chain required an exceptional 1-D TOCSY experiment, in which coherence was transferred through as many as 13 vicinal couplings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Costantino
- Dipartimento di Chimica delle Sostanze Naturali, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
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Costantino V, Fattorusso E, Imperatore C, Mangoni A. Vesparioside from the Marine SpongeSpheciospongia vesparia, the First Diglycosylceramide with a Pentose Sugar Residue. European J Org Chem 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200400543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Costantino V, Fattorusso E, Imperatore C, Mangoni A. Glycolipids from Sponges. 13.1 Clarhamnoside, the First Rhamnosylated α-Galactosylceramide from Agelas clathrodes. Improving Spectral Strategies for Glycoconjugate Structure Determination. J Org Chem 2004; 69:1174-9. [PMID: 14961667 DOI: 10.1021/jo034865h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Reinvestigation of the glycosphingolipid composition of the marine sponge Agelas clathrodes revealed the presence of a new tetraglycosylated alpha-galactoglycosphingolipid (1a), containing an unusual l-rhamnose unit in the sugar head. The structure of the new compound was elucidated using extensive 2D NMR studies. Because of the strong overlapping of the signals of the sugar protons in the (1)H spectrum, (13)C-coupled and (13)C-decoupled phase-sensitive HMQC spectra were used to study the multiplicity of the overlapping signals. In addition, the absolute configuration of sugars was determined using a simple and efficient, yet underutilized CD method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Costantino
- Dipartimento di Chimica delle Sostanze Naturali, Università di Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy
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Costantino V, Fattorusso E, Imperatore C, Mangoni A. Ectyoceramide, the First Natural Hexofuranosylceramide from the Marine Sponge Ectyoplasia ferox. European J Org Chem 2003. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200390202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Costantino V, Fattorusso E, Imperatore C, Mangoni A. Glycolipids from sponges. 11. Isocrasserides, novel glycolipids with a five-membered cyclitol widely distributed in marine sponges. J Nat Prod 2002; 65:883-886. [PMID: 12088432 DOI: 10.1021/np010498y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
In addition to the previously reported crasserides (1a-m), marine sponges contain smaller amounts of the isomeric isocrasserides (3a-m). The structures of these new glycoglycerolipid analogues were determined by NMR analysis and chemical degradation. Crasserides and isocrasserides were present in all the species of marine sponges we analyzed and therefore appear to be characteristic of the phylum Porifera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Costantino
- Dipartimento di Chimica delle Sostanze Naturali, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, I-80131 Napoli, Italy
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Costantino V, Fattorusso E, Imperatore C, Mangoni A. Immunomodulating glycosphingolipids: an efficient synthesis of a 2′-deoxy-α-galactosyl-GSL. Tetrahedron 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)01163-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Costantino V, Fattorusso E, Imperatore C, Mangoni A. Plaxyloside from the Marine SpongePlakortis simplex: an Improved Strategy for NMR Structural Studies of Carbohydrate Chains. European J Org Chem 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/1099-0690(200112)2001:23<4457::aid-ejoc4457>3.0.co;2-g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Costantino V, Imperatore C, Fattorusso E, Mangoni A. The Wittig reaction with 2-deoxysugars: the role of triphenyl and trialkyltin halides. Tetrahedron Lett 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(01)01765-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Costantino V, Fattorusso E, Imperatore C, Mangoni A. A biosynthetically significant new bacteriohopanoid present in large amounts in the Caribbean sponge Plakortis simplex. Tetrahedron 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)00286-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Costantino V, Imperatore C, Fattorusso E, Mangoni A. A mild and easy one-pot procedure for the synthesis of 2-deoxysugars from glycals. Tetrahedron Lett 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(00)01643-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Germanò A, d'Avella D, Imperatore C, Caruso G, Tomasello F. Time-course of blood-brain barrier permeability changes after experimental subarachnoid haemorrhage. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2000; 142:575-80; discussion 580-1. [PMID: 10898366 DOI: 10.1007/s007010050472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
An increase in blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability after subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) has been described in humans and has been correlated with delayed cerebral ischemia and poor clinical outcome. Few studies examined in the laboratory the relationship between SAH and BBB, with contrasting results due to limitations in experimental probes adopted and in timing of observation. The aim of this study was to quantify the time-course of BBB changes after experimental SAH. Groups of eight rats received injections of 400 microl of autologous arterial blood into the cisterna magna. BBB was assessed 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, and 72 hours after SAH and in sham-operated animals separately for cerebral cortex, i.e. frontal, temporal, parietal, occipital, subcortical gray matter (Caudate-Putamen-Thalamus), cerebellar cortex and nuclei, and brain stem by a spectrophotofluorimetric evaluation of Evans Blue dye extravasation. As compared to sham-operated controls, SAH determined a significant BBB permeability change beginning 36 hours after SAH, peaking at 48 hours, and normalizing on day 3. This study provides a quantitative description of the temporal progression and recovery of BBB dysfunction after SAH. These results have implications for the management of aneurysm patients and for assessing the rationale and the therapeutic window of new pharmacological approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Germanò
- Neurosurgical Clinic, University of Messina School of Medicine, Italy
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Costantino V, Fattorusso E, Imperatore C, Mangoni A. The First 12-Methylhopanoid: 12-Methylbacteriohopanetetrol from the Marine Sponge Plakortis simplex. Tetrahedron 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(00)00304-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Imperatore C, Germanò A, d'Avella D, Tomasello F, Costa G. Effects of the radical scavenger AVS on behavioral and BBB changes after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage. Life Sci 2000; 66:779-90. [PMID: 10698353 DOI: 10.1016/s0024-3205(99)00651-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Free radicals are important contributors to the global brain dysfunction that follows subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). We evaluated the effects of hydroxyl radical scavenger AVS [(+/-)-N,N'-propylenedinicotinamide; Nicaraven] after experimental SAH on rodent behavioral deficits (employing a battery of well-characterized assessment tasks over a 2-day observation period) and blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability changes two days after SAH (quantifying the microvascular alterations according to the extravasation of protein-bound Evans Blue using a spectrophotofluorimetric technique) in dose-response and time-window experiments. Groups of 10 rats were injected with 400 microl of autologous blood into the cisterna magna, and followed by intravenous continuous infusion of saline or 0.1, 03 or 1 mg/kg/min of AVS beginning within 5 minutes or 6 or 12 hours after SAH. The results were compared with sham-operated saline-treated and with SAH saline-treated animals. AVS significantly ameliorated performances on Beam Balance (p < 0.01) and decreased BBB permeability changes in frontal, temporal, parietal, occipital and cerebellar cortices and subcortical and cerebellar nuclei and brainstem (p < 0.01), but did not significantly affect changes in Beam Walking. This study demonstrates the neuroprotective effects of AVS when administered after experimental SAH in rats. These effects were dose-dependent and, moreover, were evident within the therapeutic window of 6-12 hours after SAH. These results reinforce the concept of a participation of reactive oxygen intermediates in the cerebral dysfunction following SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Imperatore
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Messina, Italy
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Costa C, Pupo C, Viscomi G, Catania S, Salemi M, Imperatore C. Modifications in the metabolic pathways of benzene in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat. Arch Toxicol 1999; 73:301-6. [PMID: 10447556 DOI: 10.1007/s002040050622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Benzene is a ubiquitous environmental pollutant primarily metabolized by a cytochrome P-450 (CYP-450) isoenzyme, CYP-450 IIE1. A consistent induction of CYP450 IIE1 has been observed in both rat and human affected by diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes determines modifications in the metabolic pathways of benzene in rat. Benzene (100 mg/kg per day, dissolved in corn oil) was administered i.p. once a day for 5 days. Urine samples were collected every day in STZ-treated and normoglycaemic animals, treated and untreated with benzene (n = 10). Urinary levels of trans,trans-muconic acid and of phenol, catechol and hydroquinone (free and conjugated with sulphuryl and glucuronic group) were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In normoglycaemic rats during the 5 days of treatment with benzene we observed a progressive and significant decrement in the urinary excretion of phenol, phenyl sulphate and glucuronide, catechol, catechol glucuronide, hydroquinone, hydroquinone glucuronide and t,t-muconic acid (P < 0. 05). In the diabetic animals, conversely, the same metabolites showed progressively increasing urinary levels (P < 0.05). Catechol sulphate and hydroquinone sulphate levels were below the instrument's detection limit. In the comparison between diabetic and normoglycaemic benzene treated rats, the inter-group difference was significant (P < 0.05) from day 3 of treatment for t,t-muconic acid, and from day 1 for free and conjugated phenol, free and glucuronide catechol and free hydroquinone. In the normoglycaemic rat exposed to benzene the decreasing trend observed in urinary excretion of free and conjugated metabolites may be due to their capability to reduce cytochromial activity. Conversely, in the diabetic rat, urinary levels of benzene metabolites tended to increase progressively, probably due to the consistent induction of CYP-450 IIE1 observed in diabetes, which would overwhelm the inhibition of this isoenzyme caused by phenolic metabolites. Furthermore, the metabolic switch towards detoxification metabolites observed after administration of high doses of benzene is not allowed in the diabetic because of reduced glutathione-S-transferase activity. As a consequence, higher levels of hydroquinone, phenol and catechol, considered the actual metabolites responsible for benzene toxicity, will accumulate in the diabetic rat. Extrapolating these data to human, we may thus suggest that occupational exposure to benzene of a diabetic subject poses a higher risk level, as his metabolism tends to produce and accumulate higher levels of reactive benzene catabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Costa
- Istituto di Medicina del Lavoro - Università di Messina, Policlinico Universitario, pad. H, via Consolare Valeria, I-98125 Messina, Italy
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Arcadi FA, Lo Presti R, Di Bella P, Sessa E, Imperatore C, Salemi M, Costa G, Bramanti P. Changes in somatosensory evoked potentials following forebrain ischemia in the gerbils: effects of felbamate. Acta Neurol Scand 1999; 99:236-40. [PMID: 10225354 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0404.1999.tb07353.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) as well as change following transient cerebral ischemia in the gerbil were characterized in this study. SEPs were measured in each gerbil before ischemia (day -1), during ischemia, 10 min, 2, 4, 8, 24, 48 h and 8 days after recirculation. During bilateral carotid occlusion, SEP amplitude was dramatically reduced and central conduction time was significantly increased. During recirculation these values showed an improvement when compared to ischemic but not to control values. Moreover at 8 days of recirculation they were still statistically different from control values. Felbamate administration at the dose of 150 mg kg(-1), immediately after recirculation was shown to ameliorate neurophysiological recovery following cerebral ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- F A Arcadi
- Institute of Pharmacology and Centro per lo studio ed il trattamento dei neurolesi lungodegenti, School of Medicine, University of Messina, Italy
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Arcadi FA, Costa C, Imperatore C, Marchese A, Rapisarda A, Salemi M, Trimarchi GR, Costa G. Oral toxicity of bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate during pregnancy and suckling in the Long-Evans rat. Food Chem Toxicol 1998; 36:963-70. [PMID: 9771559 DOI: 10.1016/s0278-6915(98)00065-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is a compound widely used in plastics technology to impart flexibility to rigid polymers. We sought to determine whether the oral exposure of female rats to DEHP during gestation and suckling produces alterations in the litter. Female rats were exposed to different concentrations of DEHP suspended in drinking water (32.5 and 325 microl/litre) from day 1 of pregnancy to day 21 after delivery. Pup body weight gain and kidney, liver and testes weight was measured at different times (21, 28, 35, 42 and 56 days) after birth. Plasma concentrations of DEHP and histopathological alterations in kidneys, liver and testes were also studied. In addition, the ability of female pups (1 month of age) to perform a learned avoidance test, the 'beam walking' test, was evaluated. Perinatal exposure to DEHP produced no statistically significant changes in the body weight gain of offspring. Conversely, it produced a significant decrease in kidney and testes relative weight (organ/body weight) with a significant increase in relative liver weight. Signs of histological damage in kidneys, liver, and particularly testes, were observed. Pups exposed perinatally to the highest concentration of DEHP elicited a significant increase in the time necessary to perform the beam walking test.
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Affiliation(s)
- F A Arcadi
- Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Messina, Italy
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Germanò A, Imperatore C, d'Avella D, Costa G, Tomasello F. Antivasospastic and brain-protective effects of a hydroxyl radical scavenger (AVS) after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Neurosurg 1998; 88:1075-81. [PMID: 9609303 DOI: 10.3171/jns.1998.88.6.1075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECT The radical scavenger (+/-)-N,N'-propylenedinicotinamide (AVS) was shown recently to ameliorate delayed neurological deficits resulting from ischemia in patients who have had an aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of AVS administration after experimental SAH on 1) behavioral deficits; 2) angiographically confirmed basilar artery (BA) spasm; and 3) blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability changes. METHODS These parameters were measured by 1) using a battery of well-characterized chronic assessment tasks over a 5-day observation period; 2) assessing in vivo the mean vessel diameter 2 days after SAH; and 3) evaluating the extravasation of protein-bound Evans Blue dye by using a spectrophotofluorimetric technique 2 days after SAH. Groups of eight to 10 rats received injections of 400 microl of autologous blood into the cisterna magna. Within 5 minutes after the surgical procedures were completed the rats were treated with an intravenously administered continuous infusion of saline (Group III) or AVS (1 mg/kg/minutes, Group IV). Results were compared with those in sham-operated animals treated with intravenously administered saline (Group I) or AVS (Group II). The AVS-treated rats had significantly improved balance beam scores on Days 1 to 2 (p < 0.05), shorter beam traverse times on Day 1 (p < 0.05), and better beam walking performance on Days 1 to 4 (p < 0.01), but no significant effect was seen in terms of SAH-related changes in body weight. Treatment with AVS also attenuated the SAH-induced BA spasm (p < 0.05) and decreased BBB permeability changes in frontal, temporal, parietal, occipital, and cerebellar cortices, and in the subcortical and cerebellar gray matter and brainstem (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate useful antivasospastic and brain-protective actions of AVS after induction of experimental SAH and provide support for observations of beneficial effects of AVS made in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Germanò
- Neurosurgical Clinic and Institute of Pharmacology, University of Messina, Italy.
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Abstract
The effects of a chronic treatment with pefloxacin on aminophylline-induced seizures in genetically epilepsy-prone rat have been investigated. Two series of experiments were performed. In the first, animals received pefloxacin orally twice a day for five days, then were administered aminophylline intraperitoneally and the occurrence of seizures was evaluated. In the second series of experiments, theophylline serum concentration was evaluated in rats subject to the same experimental protocol. Pefloxacin significantly, and in a dose-dependent manner, increased the occurrence of seizure phases induced by aminophylline, but did not influence theophylline serum levels measured at different times after the injection of aminophylline. We suggest that additive neurotoxic effects of both pefloxacin and aminophylline might contribute to the increased severity of seizure score. The possible role of GABA-benzodiazepine, excitatory amino acid and purinergic mechanism, and the role of pharmacokinetic factors are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Imperatore
- Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Messina, Italy
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