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Cherif I, Kharroubi G, Darragi I, El Benna S, Gharbi A, Baccouche A, Souissi C, Bahri O, Ben Ahmed M, Bettaieb J. Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies after natural infection: insights from a study on Pasteur Institute of Tunis employees. Libyan J Med 2024; 19:2348233. [PMID: 38693671 PMCID: PMC11067560 DOI: 10.1080/19932820.2024.2348233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the kinetics of antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2, following natural infection in a cohort of employees of the Institut Pasteur de Tunis (IPT) and to assess the risk of reinfection over a 12-months follow-up period. A prospective study was conducted among an open cohort of IPT employees with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection that were recruited between September 2020 and March 2021. Sera samples were taken at 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months after confirmation of COVID-19 infection and tested for SARS-CoV-2-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies to the spike (S-RBD) protein (IgG anti-S-RBD) and for neutralizing antibodies. Participants who had an initial decline of IgG anti-S-RBD and neutralizing antibodies followed by a subsequent rise in antibody titers as well as those who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR after at least 60 days of follow up were considered as reinfected. In total, 137 individuals were included with a mean age of 44.7 ± 12.3 years and a sex-ratio (Male/Female) of 0.33. Nearly all participants (92.7%) were symptomatic, and 2.2% required hospitalization. Among the 70 participants with three or more prospective blood samples, 32.8% were reinfected among whom 11 (47.8%) reported COVID-19 like symptoms. Up to 12 months of follow up, 100% and 42.9% of participants had detectable IgG anti-S-RBD and neutralizing antibodies, respectively. This study showed that humoral immune response following COVID-19 infection may persist up to 12 months after infection despite the potential risk for reinfection that is mainly explained by the emergence of new variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Cherif
- Department of Medical Epidemiology, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
- Laboratory of Transmission, Control and Immunobiology of Infections (LR11IPT02), Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Ghassen Kharroubi
- Department of Medical Epidemiology, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
- Laboratory of Transmission, Control and Immunobiology of Infections (LR11IPT02), Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Imen Darragi
- Department of Medical Epidemiology, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
- Laboratory of Transmission, Control and Immunobiology of Infections (LR11IPT02), Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Soumaya El Benna
- Laboratory of Microbiology-Biochemistry, Aziza Othmana Hospital, University of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Adel Gharbi
- Department of Medical Epidemiology, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
- Laboratory of Transmission, Control and Immunobiology of Infections (LR11IPT02), Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Amor Baccouche
- Department of Medical Epidemiology, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
- Laboratory of Transmission, Control and Immunobiology of Infections (LR11IPT02), Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Cyrine Souissi
- Laboratory of Transmission, Control and Immunobiology of Infections (LR11IPT02), Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Olfa Bahri
- Laboratory of Microbiology-Biochemistry, Aziza Othmana Hospital, University of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Melika Ben Ahmed
- Laboratory of Transmission, Control and Immunobiology of Infections (LR11IPT02), Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Jihene Bettaieb
- Department of Medical Epidemiology, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
- Laboratory of Transmission, Control and Immunobiology of Infections (LR11IPT02), Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
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Souissi C, Marzouki S, Elbini-Dhouib I, Jebali J, Oliveira F, Valenzuela JG, Srairi-Abid N, Kamhawi S, Ben Ahmed M. PpSP32, the Phlebotomus papatasi immunodominant salivary protein, exerts immunomodulatory effects on human monocytes, macrophages, and lymphocytes. Parasit Vectors 2023; 16:1. [PMID: 36593519 PMCID: PMC9806891 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-022-05627-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The saliva of sand flies, vectors of Leishmania parasites, contains several components that exert pharmacological activity facilitating the acquisition of blood by the insect and contributing to the establishment of infection. Previously, we demonstrated that PpSP32 is the immunodominant salivary antigen in humans exposed to Phlebotomus papatasi bites and validated its usefulness as a predictive biomarker of disease. PpSP32, whose functions are little known to date, is an intriguing protein due to its involvement in the etiopathogenesis of pemphigus, an auto-immune disease. Herein, we aimed to better decipher its role through the screening of several immunomodulatory activity either on lymphocytes or on monocytes/macrophages. METHODS Peripheral mononuclear cells from healthy volunteers were stimulated with anti-CD3/anti-CD28 antibodies, phytohemagglutinin, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate/ionomycin, or lipopolysaccharide in the presence of increasing doses of PpSP32. Cell proliferation was measured after the addition of tritiated thymidine. Monocyte activation was tested by analyzing the expression of CD86 and HLA-DR molecules by flow cytometry. Cytokine production was analyzed in culture supernatants by ELISA. THP-1-derived macrophages were stimulated with LPS in the presence of increasing doses of PpSP32, and cytokine production was analyzed in culture supernatants by ELISA and multiplex technique. The effect of PpSP32 on NF-kB signaling was tested by Western blot. The anti-inflammatory activity of PpSP32 was assessed in vivo in an experimental inflammatory model of carrageenan-induced paw edema in rats. RESULTS Our data showed that PpSP32 down-modulated the expression of activation markers in LPS-stimulated monocytes and THP1-derived macrophages. This protein negatively modulated the secretion of Th1 and Th2 cytokines by human lymphocytes as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines by monocytes, and THP1-derived macrophages. PpSP32 treatment led to a dose-dependent reduction of IκB phosphorylation. When PpSP32 was injected into the paw of carrageenan-injected rats, edema was significantly reduced. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicates that PpSP32 induces a potent immunomodulatory effect on monocytes and THP-1-derived macrophages. This inhibition could be mediated, among others, by the modulation of the NF-kB signaling pathway. The anti-inflammatory activity of PpSP32 was confirmed in vivo in the carrageenan-induced paw edema model in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyrine Souissi
- grid.418517.e0000 0001 2298 7385Laboratory of Transmission, Control and Immunobiology of Infections (LTCII), LR11IPT02, Pasteur Institute de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Soumaya Marzouki
- grid.418517.e0000 0001 2298 7385Laboratory of Transmission, Control and Immunobiology of Infections (LTCII), LR11IPT02, Pasteur Institute de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Ines Elbini-Dhouib
- grid.12574.350000000122959819Laboratory of Biomolecules, Venoms and Theranostic Applications, LR20IPT01, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 1002 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Jed Jebali
- grid.12574.350000000122959819Laboratory of Biomolecules, Venoms and Theranostic Applications, LR20IPT01, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 1002 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Fabiano Oliveira
- grid.94365.3d0000 0001 2297 5165Vector Molecular Biology Section, Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health, Rockville, MD USA
| | - Jesus G. Valenzuela
- grid.94365.3d0000 0001 2297 5165Vector Molecular Biology Section, Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health, Rockville, MD USA
| | - Najet Srairi-Abid
- grid.12574.350000000122959819Laboratory of Biomolecules, Venoms and Theranostic Applications, LR20IPT01, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 1002 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Shaden Kamhawi
- grid.94365.3d0000 0001 2297 5165Vector Molecular Biology Section, Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health, Rockville, MD USA
| | - Melika Ben Ahmed
- grid.418517.e0000 0001 2298 7385Laboratory of Transmission, Control and Immunobiology of Infections (LTCII), LR11IPT02, Pasteur Institute de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia ,grid.12574.350000000122959819Faculty of Medicine de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
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Ben Othman R, Mizouri R, Gammoudi A, Harrabi T, Souissi C, Loukil I, Berriche O, Mahjoub F, Jamoussi H. Particularités des apports nutritionnels spontanés des déprimés. NUTR CLIN METAB 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nupar.2018.09.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Ben Othman R, Zahra H, Gammoudi A, Zribi S, Souissi C, Loukil I, Berriche O, Mahjoub F, Jamoussi H. Apports en acides gras et vitamine D dans une population de patients déprimés. NUTR CLIN METAB 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nupar.2018.09.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Sassi R, Sahli H, Souissi C, Sellami S, Ben Ammar El Gaaied A. Polymorphisms in VDR gene in Tunisian postmenopausal women are associated with osteopenia phenotype. Climacteric 2015; 18:624-30. [PMID: 25603555 DOI: 10.3109/13697137.2015.1007123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Osteopenia is characterized by intermediate values of bone mineral density (BMD) as compared to normal and osteoporotic subjects. BMD, a surrogate phenotype for osteoporosis, is influenced in part by genetic factors. Among the genes associated with BMD, the vitamin D receptor (VDR) was the first gene studied as a potential candidate associated with BMD in adult and postmenopausal bone loss. However, results are controversial. METHODS To determine whether VDR polymorphisms ApaI and TaqI are associated with BMD, osteopenia, osteoporosis and low-impact fracture risk in North Africans, these genotypes were analyzed in 566 postmenopausal Tunisian women. RESULTS In postmenopausal Tunisian women, the GT ApaI genotype seems to be protective against osteoporosis development (p = 0.02; odds ratio = 0.54). Moreover, the presence of the combined GT/TT genotype of ApaI and TaqI polymorphisms is more frequent in normal BMD women than in osteoporotic women (p = 0.00; odds ratio = 0.41). Interestingly, the GG ApaI genotype is associated with osteopenia development (p = 0.02; odds ratio = 1.86) and also the TT TaqI polymorphism (p = 0.02; odds ratio = 1.53). The GG ApaI genotype is associated with a three times risk of vertebral fracture. CONCLUSIONS The ApaI polymorphism showed an association with osteopenia and low-impact vertebral fracture incidence but not with osteoporosis. The TaqI polymorphism is associated specifically with the osteopenia phenotype. The presence of the two polymorphisms increases the risk to develop osteopenia in postmenopausal Tunisian women. Osteopenia seems to be genetically determined. However, osteoporosis is the result of interaction between genetic and environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Sassi
- Genetics, Immunology and Human Pathologies Laboratory, Faculty of Mathematical, Physical and Natural Sciences of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University , Tunisia
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