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Nóra M, Déri D, Veres DS, Kis Z, Barcsay E, Pályi B. Evaluating the field performance of multiple SARS-Cov-2 antigen rapid tests using nasopharyngeal swab samples. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0262399. [PMID: 35157700 PMCID: PMC8843216 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, which started in December 2019, has been posing significant challenges to the health care system worldwide. As the pandemic spreads with rapidly increasing number of positive cases, early diagnosis of infected patients is crucial to successfully limit the spread of the virus. Although the real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) is the recommended laboratory method to diagnose COVID-19 infection, many factors such as availability of laboratory equipment, reagents and trained personnel affect the use of time-consuming molecular techniques. To facilitate on-the-spot diagnosis of COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2 rapid antigen tests were developed by several different manufacturers. The evaluation of such rapid tests is particularly important due to the recent unanimous agreement by the European Commission Member States on a recommendation setting out a framework for the use of antigen rapid tests that contains a list of the mutually recognized assays and the basis of independent validation protocols. To evaluate the on-field performance of ten commercially available SARS-CoV-2 antigen rapid tests (CLINITEST Rapid COVID-19 Antigen Test, GenBody COVID-19 Antigen Test, GENEDIA W COVID-19 Ag Test, Healgen Coronavirus Antigen Rapid Test, Humasis COVID-19 Ag Test, VivaDiag SARS-CoV-2 Ag Rapid Test, Helix i-SARS-CoV-2 Ag Rapid Test, Roche SARS-CoV-2 Rapid Antigen Test, Abbot COVID-19 Ag Rapid Test and Vazyme SARS-CoV-2 Antigen Detection Kit) and compare with RT-qPCR as a reference method, the Hungarian National Public Health Center provided 1,597 antigen rapid tests to the National Ambulance Service, COVID-testing trucks and two hospitals treating COVID-19 patients. Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were determined by performing the rapid test directly from nasopharyngeal swab samples of symptomatic individuals. For strongly positive samples (Ct < 25) sensitivities ranged between 66.7% and 100%, while for positive samples (Ct < 30) they gave a maximum sensitivity of 87.5%. The specificity of the tests was ranging between 79% to 100%. The results presented here are of high importance to the European Commission and also help governmental decision-making regarding the application of the proper rapid tests for screening different at-risk populations. Nonetheless, SARS-Cov-2 rapid tests play an important role in early and on-the-spot diagnosis of potentially infected individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magyar Nóra
- National Biosafety Laboratory, National Public Health Center, Budapest, Hungary
- Schools of Doctoral Studies, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Virology, National Public Health Center, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dániel Déri
- National Biosafety Laboratory, National Public Health Center, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Virology, National Public Health Center, Budapest, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Biology, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dániel Sándor Veres
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Kis
- National Biosafety Laboratory, National Public Health Center, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Virology, National Public Health Center, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Microbiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Erzsébet Barcsay
- Department of Virology, National Public Health Center, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bernadett Pályi
- National Biosafety Laboratory, National Public Health Center, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Virology, National Public Health Center, Budapest, Hungary
- * E-mail:
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Róka E, Déri D, Khayer B, Kis Z, Schuler E, Magyar N, Pályi B, Pándics T, Vargha M. SARS-CoV-2 variant detection from wastewater: rapid spread of B.1.1.7 lineage in Hungary. J Water Health 2022; 20:277-286. [PMID: 36366986 DOI: 10.2166/wh.2022.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) is a recognised tool for tracking community transmission of COVID-19. From the second half of 2020, the emergence of new, highly infective, more pathogenic or vaccine-escape SARS-CoV-2 variants is the major public health concern. Variant analysis in sewage might assist the early detection of new mutations. Weekly raw sewage samples from 22 wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in Hungary (representing 40% of the population) were analysed between December 2020 and March 2021 for signature mutations N501Y and del H69/V70 of B.1.1.7 lineage by melting point genotyping and RT-digital droplet PCR (RT-ddPCR). The latter method proved to be more efficient in parallel detection of different variants and also provides quantitative information. Wastewater surveillance indicated that the B.1.1.7 variant first emerged in Budapest in early January 2021 and rapidly became dominant in the entire country. Results are in close agreement with the available clinical data (Pearson's correlation coefficient, R = 0.9153). RT-ddPCR was confirmed to be a reliable tool for tracking emerging variant ratios in wastewaters. It is a rapid and cost-effective method compared to whole-genome sequencing, but only applicable for the detection of known mutations. Efficient variant surveillance might require the combination of multiple methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eszter Róka
- Department of Public Health Laboratory, National Public Health Center, Albert Flórián út 2-6., H-1097 Budapest, Hungary E-mail:
| | - Dániel Déri
- National Biosafety Laboratory, Division of Microbiological Reference Laboratories, National Public Health Center, Albert Flórián út 2-6., H-1097 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bernadett Khayer
- Department of Public Health Laboratory, National Public Health Center, Albert Flórián út 2-6., H-1097 Budapest, Hungary E-mail:
| | - Zoltán Kis
- National Biosafety Laboratory, Division of Microbiological Reference Laboratories, National Public Health Center, Albert Flórián út 2-6., H-1097 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Eszter Schuler
- Department of Public Health Laboratory, National Public Health Center, Albert Flórián út 2-6., H-1097 Budapest, Hungary E-mail:
| | - Nóra Magyar
- National Biosafety Laboratory, Division of Microbiological Reference Laboratories, National Public Health Center, Albert Flórián út 2-6., H-1097 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bernadett Pályi
- National Biosafety Laboratory, Division of Microbiological Reference Laboratories, National Public Health Center, Albert Flórián út 2-6., H-1097 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Pándics
- Department of Public Health Laboratory, National Public Health Center, Albert Flórián út 2-6., H-1097 Budapest, Hungary E-mail:
| | - Márta Vargha
- Department of Public Health Laboratory, National Public Health Center, Albert Flórián út 2-6., H-1097 Budapest, Hungary E-mail:
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Szalai B, Hercegh É, Magyar N, Déri D, Rózsa M, Molnár Z, Kuti D, Kis Z, Szomor K, Takács M, Barcsay E. Detection of the first appearance of SARS-CoV-2 virus in Hungary based on retrospective testing of respiratory samples. Orv Hetil 2020; 161:1619-1622. [PMID: 32924965 DOI: 10.1556/650.2020.32000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In Hungary, SARS-CoV-2 was first detected in the swab samples of two Iranian patients on March 4, 2020. After finding the first positive cases, the question arose whether the virus had entered Hungary and caused infections before this date. Before March 4, 2020, except for the two above-mentioned samples, none of the 224 swab samples received specifically for SARS-CoV-2 tested positive. AIM The National Reference Laboratory for Respiratory Viruses of the National Public Health Center aimed to carry out a retrospective study of the swab and other samples taken for testing respiratory virus infections between January 1, and April 19, 2020 sent by sentinel physicians within the influenza surveillance for diagnostic purposes. METHOD For the study, we used swab samples taken weekly by sentinel physicians of the influenza surveillance service, and other samples received for diagnostic purposes. Tests were performed using real-time PCR. RESULTS All the 465 swab samples sent by sentinel physicians were found to be SARS-CoV-2 negative. Also, of the 551 samples collected for diagnostic reasons of other respiratory viruses, no SARS-CoV-2 positive was found among those taken before March 4. CONCLUSION Based on our data, it is very likely that prior to the first cases diagnosed on March 4, 2020, SARS-CoV-2 did not cause clinically symptomatic infections in Hungary. Orv Hetil. 2020; 161(38): 1619-1622.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bálint Szalai
- Mikrobiológiai Referencia Laboratóriumi Főosztály, Virológiai Laboratóriumi Osztály,Nemzeti Népegészségügyi Központ, Budapest, Albert Flórián út 2-6., 1097
| | - Éva Hercegh
- Mikrobiológiai Referencia Laboratóriumi Főosztály, Virológiai Laboratóriumi Osztály,Nemzeti Népegészségügyi Központ, Budapest, Albert Flórián út 2-6., 1097
| | - Nóra Magyar
- Mikrobiológiai Referencia Laboratóriumi Főosztály, Virológiai Laboratóriumi Osztály,Nemzeti Népegészségügyi Központ, Budapest, Albert Flórián út 2-6., 1097
| | - Dániel Déri
- Mikrobiológiai Referencia Laboratóriumi Főosztály, Virológiai Laboratóriumi Osztály,Nemzeti Népegészségügyi Központ, Budapest, Albert Flórián út 2-6., 1097
| | - Mónika Rózsa
- Mikrobiológiai Referencia Laboratóriumi Főosztály, Virológiai Laboratóriumi Osztály,Nemzeti Népegészségügyi Központ, Budapest, Albert Flórián út 2-6., 1097
| | - Zsuzsanna Molnár
- Járványügyi és Infekciókontroll Főosztály, Járványügyi és Védőoltási Surveillance Osztály,Nemzeti Népegészségügyi Központ, Budapest
| | - Dávid Kuti
- Mikrobiológiai Referencia Laboratóriumi Főosztály, Virológiai Laboratóriumi Osztály,Nemzeti Népegészségügyi Központ, Budapest, Albert Flórián út 2-6., 1097
| | - Zoltán Kis
- Mikrobiológiai Referencia Laboratóriumi Főosztály, Virológiai Laboratóriumi Osztály,Nemzeti Népegészségügyi Központ, Budapest, Albert Flórián út 2-6., 1097.,Általános Orvostudományi Kar, Orvosi Mikrobiológiai Intézet,Semmelweis Egyetem, Budapest
| | - Katalin Szomor
- Mikrobiológiai Referencia Laboratóriumi Főosztály, Virológiai Laboratóriumi Osztály,Nemzeti Népegészségügyi Központ, Budapest, Albert Flórián út 2-6., 1097
| | - Mária Takács
- Mikrobiológiai Referencia Laboratóriumi Főosztály, Virológiai Laboratóriumi Osztály,Nemzeti Népegészségügyi Központ, Budapest, Albert Flórián út 2-6., 1097.,Általános Orvostudományi Kar, Orvosi Mikrobiológiai Intézet,Semmelweis Egyetem, Budapest
| | - Erzsébet Barcsay
- Mikrobiológiai Referencia Laboratóriumi Főosztály, Virológiai Laboratóriumi Osztály,Nemzeti Népegészségügyi Központ, Budapest, Albert Flórián út 2-6., 1097
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