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Abstract
In the modern theory of critical phenomena, the liquid-vapor density diameter in simple fluids is generally expected to deviate from a rectilinear law approaching the critical point. However, by performing precise scannerlike optical measurements of the position of the SF_{6} liquid-vapor meniscus, in an approach much closer to criticality in temperature and density than earlier measurements, no deviation from a rectilinear diameter can be detected. The observed meniscus position from far (10K) to extremely close (1mK) to the critical temperature is analyzed using recent theoretical models to predict the complete scaling consequences of a fluid asymmetry. The temperature dependence of the meniscus position appears consistent with the law of rectilinear diameter. The apparent absence of the critical hook in SF_{6} therefore seemingly rules out the need for the pressure scaling field contribution in the complete scaling theoretical framework in this SF_{6} analysis. More generally, this work suggests a way to clarify the experimental ambiguities in the simple fluids for the near-critical singularities in the density diameter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Garrabos
- CNRS, ICMCB, UMR 5026, F-33600 Pessac, France.,Université Bordeaux, ICMCB, UMR 5026, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - C Lecoutre
- CNRS, ICMCB, UMR 5026, F-33600 Pessac, France.,Université Bordeaux, ICMCB, UMR 5026, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - S Marre
- CNRS, ICMCB, UMR 5026, F-33600 Pessac, France.,Université Bordeaux, ICMCB, UMR 5026, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - D Beysens
- Laboratoire de Physique et Mécanique des Milieux Hétérogènes, CNRS PSL-ESPCI-Sorbonne Université-Sorbonne Paris Cité, 10 rue Vauquelin, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - I Hahn
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, California 91109, USA
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Lyubimova T, Ivantsov A, Garrabos Y, Lecoutre C, Gandikota G, Beysens D. Band instability in near-critical fluids subjected to vibration under weightlessness. Phys Rev E 2017; 95:013105. [PMID: 28208391 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.95.013105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Periodical patterns (bands) developing at the interface of two immiscible fluids under vibration parallel to interface are observed under zero-gravity conditions. Fluids are slightly below their liquid-vapor critical point where they behave in a scaled, universal manner. In addition, liquid and vapor densities are close and surface tension is very low. Linear stability analyses and direct numerical simulation show that this instability, although comparable to the frozen wave instability observed in a gravity field, is nonetheless noticeably different when gravity becomes zero. In particular, the neutral curve minimum corresponds to the long-wave perturbations with k=0 and zero dimensionless vibrational parameter, corresponding to no instability threshold. The pattern wavelength thus corresponds to the wavelength of the perturbations with maximal growth rate. This wavelength differs substantially from the neutral perturbations wavelength at the same vibrational parameter value. The role of viscosity is highlighted in the pattern formation, with a critical wavelength dependence on vibration parameters that strongly depends on viscosity. These results compare well with experimental observations performed in the liquid-vapor phases near the critical point of CO_{2} (in weightlessness) and H_{2} (under magnetic levitation).
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Affiliation(s)
- T Lyubimova
- Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics UB RAS, 1, Koroleva Street, 614013 Perm, Russia
- Perm State University, 15, Bukireva Street 614990 Perm, Russia
| | - A Ivantsov
- Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics UB RAS, 1, Koroleva Street, 614013 Perm, Russia
- Perm State University, 15, Bukireva Street 614990 Perm, Russia
| | - Y Garrabos
- CNRS, ICMCB, ESEME, UPR 9048, F-33600 Pessac, France
- Université Bordeaux, ICMCB, UPR 9048, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - C Lecoutre
- CNRS, ICMCB, ESEME, UPR 9048, F-33600 Pessac, France
- Université Bordeaux, ICMCB, UPR 9048, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - G Gandikota
- Service des Basses Températures, CEA-Grenoble and Université Joseph Fourier, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - D Beysens
- Service des Basses Températures, CEA-Grenoble and Université Joseph Fourier, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- Physique et Mécanique des Milieux Hétérogènes, UMR 7636 CNRS-ESPCI-Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Université Paris Diderot, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75005 Paris, France
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Tomaszkiewicz M, Abou Najm M, Beysens D, Alameddine I, Bou Zeid E, El-Fadel M. Projected climate change impacts upon dew yield in the Mediterranean basin. Sci Total Environ 2016; 566-567:1339-1348. [PMID: 27266520 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.05.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Water scarcity is increasingly raising the need for non-conventional water resources, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions. In this context, atmospheric moisture can potentially be harvested in the form of dew, which is commonly disregarded from the water budget, although its impact may be significant when compared to rainfall during the dry season. In this study, a dew atlas for the Mediterranean region is presented illustrating dew yields using the yield data collected for the 2013 dry season. The results indicate that cumulative monthly dew yield in the region can exceed 2.8mm at the end of the dry season and 1.5mm during the driest months, compared to <1mm of rainfall during the same period in some areas. Dew yields were compared with potential evapotranspiration (PET) and actual evapotranspiration (ET) during summer months thus highlighting the role of dew to many native plants in the region. Furthermore, forecasted trends in temperature and relative humidity were used to estimate dew yields under future climatic scenarios. The results showed a 27% decline in dew yield during the critical summer months at the end of the century (2080).
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tomaszkiewicz
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Architecture, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - M Abou Najm
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Architecture, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - D Beysens
- Physique et Mecanique des Milieux Heterogenes, UMR 7636 CNRS - ESPCI, Universite Pierre et Marie Curie - Universite Paris Diderot, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75005 Paris, France; Service des Basses Temperatures, CEA-Grenoble & Universite Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France; OPUR, 60 rue Emeriau, 75015 Paris, France
| | - I Alameddine
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Architecture, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - E Bou Zeid
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, United States
| | - M El-Fadel
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Architecture, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
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Lecoutre C, Guillaument R, Marre S, Garrabos Y, Beysens D, Hahn I. Weightless experiments to probe universality of fluid critical behavior. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2015; 91:060101. [PMID: 26172640 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.91.060101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Near the critical point of fluids, critical opalescence results in light attenuation, or turbidity increase, that can be used to probe the universality of critical behavior. Turbidity measurements in SF6 under weightlessness conditions on board the International Space Station are performed to appraise such behavior in terms of both temperature and density distances from the critical point. Data are obtained in a temperature range, far (1 K) from and extremely close (a few μK) to the phase transition, unattainable from previous experiments on Earth. Data are analyzed with renormalization-group matching classical-to-critical crossover models of the universal equation of state. It results that the data in the unexplored region, which is a minute deviant from the critical density value, still show adverse effects for testing the true asymptotic nature of the critical point phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Lecoutre
- CNRS, ICMCB, ESEME, UPR 9048, F-33600 Pessac, France
- Université Bordeaux, ICMCB, UPR 9048, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - R Guillaument
- CNRS, ICMCB, ESEME, UPR 9048, F-33600 Pessac, France
- Université Bordeaux, ICMCB, UPR 9048, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - S Marre
- CNRS, ICMCB, ESEME, UPR 9048, F-33600 Pessac, France
- Université Bordeaux, ICMCB, UPR 9048, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Y Garrabos
- CNRS, ICMCB, ESEME, UPR 9048, F-33600 Pessac, France
- Université Bordeaux, ICMCB, UPR 9048, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - D Beysens
- Physique et Mécanique des Milieux Hétérogènes, UMR 7636 CNRS - ESPCI - Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Université Paris Diderot, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75005 Paris, France
- Service des Basses Températures, CEA-Grenoble & Université Joseph Fourier, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - I Hahn
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, California 91109, USA
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Charignon T, Lloveras P, Chatain D, Truskinovsky L, Vives E, Beysens D, Nikolayev VS. Criticality in the slowed-down boiling crisis at zero gravity. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2015; 91:053007. [PMID: 26066249 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.91.053007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Boiling crisis is a transition between nucleate and film boiling. It occurs at a threshold value of the heat flux from the heater called CHF (critical heat flux). Usually, boiling crisis studies are hindered by the high CHF and short transition duration (below 1 ms). Here we report on experiments in hydrogen near its liquid-vapor critical point, in which the CHF is low and the dynamics slow enough to be resolved. As under such conditions the surface tension is very small, the experiments are carried out in the reduced gravity to preserve the conventional bubble geometry. Weightlessness is created artificially in two-phase hydrogen by compensating gravity with magnetic forces. We were able to reveal the fractal structure of the contour of the percolating cluster of the dry areas at the heater that precedes the boiling crisis. We provide a direct statistical analysis of dry spot areas that confirms the boiling crisis at zero gravity as a scale-free phenomenon. It was observed that, in agreement with theoretical predictions, saturated boiling CHF tends to zero (within the precision of our thermal control system) in zero gravity, which suggests that the boiling crisis may be observed at any heat flux provided the experiment lasts long enough.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Charignon
- Service des Basses Températures, UMR-E CEA/UJF-Grenoble 1, INAC, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - P Lloveras
- Laboratoire de Mécanique des Solides, CNRS-UMR 7649, Ecole Polytechnique, Route de Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - D Chatain
- Service des Basses Températures, UMR-E CEA/UJF-Grenoble 1, INAC, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - L Truskinovsky
- Laboratoire de Mécanique des Solides, CNRS-UMR 7649, Ecole Polytechnique, Route de Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - E Vives
- Departament d'Estructura i Constituents de la Matèria, Universitat de Barcelona Martí i Franquès 1, Facultat de Física, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - D Beysens
- Service des Basses Températures, UMR-E CEA/UJF-Grenoble 1, INAC, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
- Physique et Mécanique des Milieux Hétérogènes, UMR 7636 ESPCI, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Diderot, Univ. P.M. Curie, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75005 Paris, France
| | - V S Nikolayev
- Service de Physique de l'Etat Condensé, CNRS UMR 3680, IRAMIS/DSM/CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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Abstract
Four species of cacti were chosen for this study: Copiapoa cinerea var. haseltoniana, Ferocactus wislizenii, Mammillaria columbiana subsp. yucatanensis and Parodia mammulosa. It has been reported that dew condenses on the spines of C. cinerea and that it does not on the spines of F. wislizenii, and our preliminary observations of M. columbiana and P. mammulosa revealed a potential for collecting dew water. This study found all four cacti to harvest dew on their stems and spines (albeit rarely on the spines of F. wislizenii). Dew harvesting experiments were carried out in the UK, recording an increase in cacti mass on dewy nights. By applying a ranking relative to a polymethyl methacrylate (Plexiglas) reference plate located nearby, it was found that C. cinerea collected the most airborne moisture followed by M. columbiana, P. mammulosa and F. wislizenii respectively, with mean efficiency ratio with respect to the Plexiglas reference of 3.48 ± 0.5, 2.44 ± 0.06, 1.81 ± 0.14 and 1.27 ± 0.49 on observed dewy nights. A maximum yield of normalized performance of 0.72 ± 0.006 l/m(-2) on one dewy night was recorded for C. cinerea. Removing the spines from M. columbiana was found to significantly decrease its dew harvesting efficiency. The spines of three of the species were found to be hydrophilic in nature, while F. wislizenii was hydrophobic; the stems of all four species were hydrophilic. The results of this study could be translated into designing a biomimetic water collecting device that utilizes cactus spines and their microstructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- F T Malik
- The Institute of Life Science, College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK
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Guadarrama-Cetina J, Mongruel A, Medici MG, Baquero E, Parker AR, Milimouk-Melnytchuk I, González-Viñas W, Beysens D. Dew condensation on desert beetle skin. Eur Phys J E Soft Matter 2014; 37:109. [PMID: 25403836 DOI: 10.1140/epje/i2014-14109-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Revised: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 10/22/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Some tenebrionind beetles inhabiting the Namib desert are known for using their body to collect water droplets from wind-blown fogs. We aim to determine whether dew water collection is also possible for desert insects. For this purpose, we investigated the infra-red emissivity, and the wetting and structural properties, of the surface of the elytra of a preserved specimen of Physasterna cribripes (Tenebrionidæ) beetle, where the macro-structure appears as a series of "bumps", with "valleys" between them. Dew formation experiments were carried out in a condensation chamber. The surface properties (infra-red emissivity, wetting properties) were dominated by the wax at the elytra surface and, to a lower extent, its micro-structure. We performed scanning electron microscope on histological sections and determined the infra-red emissivity using a scanning pyrometer. The emissivity measured (0.95±0.07 between 8-14 μm) was close to the black body value. Dew formation occurred on the insect's elytra, which can be explained by these surface properties. From the surface coverage of the condensed drops it was found that dew forms primarily in the valleys between the bumps. The difference in droplet nucleation rate between bumps and valleys can be attributed to the hexagonal microstructure on the surface of the valleys, whereas the surface of the bumps is smooth. The drops can slide when they reach a critical size, and be collected at the insect's mouth.
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Gandikota G, Chatain D, Lyubimova T, Beysens D. Dynamic equilibrium under vibrations of H₂ liquid-vapor interface at various gravity levels. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2014; 89:063003. [PMID: 25019875 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.89.063003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Horizontal vibration applied to the support of a simple pendulum can deviate from the equilibrium position of the pendulum to a nonvertical position. A similar phenomenon is expected when a liquid-vapor interface is subjected to strong horizontal vibration. Beyond a threshold value of vibrational velocity the interface should attain an equilibrium position at an angle to the initial horizontal position. In the present paper experimental investigation of this phenomenon is carried out in a magnetic levitation device to study the effect of the vibration parameters, gravity acceleration, and the liquid-vapor density on the interface position. The results compare well with the theoretical expression derived by Wolf [G. H. Wolf, Z. Phys. B 227, 291 (1969)].
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Affiliation(s)
- G Gandikota
- SBT, UMR-E CEA / UJF-Grenoble 1, INAC, Grenoble, F-38054, France
| | - D Chatain
- SBT, UMR-E CEA / UJF-Grenoble 1, INAC, Grenoble, F-38054, France
| | - T Lyubimova
- Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics UB RAS, 1, Koroleva Strasse, 614013, Perm, Russia and Perm State University, 15, Bukireva Strasse 614990, Perm, Russia
| | - D Beysens
- SBT, UMR-E CEA / UJF-Grenoble 1, INAC, Grenoble, F-38054, France and CEA-ESEME, ESPCI-PMMH, 10, rue Vauquelin, 75005, France
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Gandikota G, Chatain D, Amiroudine S, Lyubimova T, Beysens D. Faraday instability in a near-critical fluid under weightlessness. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2014; 89:013022. [PMID: 24580335 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.89.013022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Experiments on near-critical hydrogen have been conducted under magnetic compensation of gravity to investigate the Faraday instability that arises at the liquid-vapor interface under zero-gravity conditions. We investigated such instability in the absence of stabilizing gravity. Under such conditions, vibration orients the interface and can destabilize it. The experiments confirm the existence of Faraday waves and demonstrate a transition from a square to a line pattern close to the critical point. They also show a transition very close to the critical point from Faraday to periodic layering of the vapor-liquid interface perpendicular to vibration. It was seen that the Faraday wave instability is favored when the liquid-vapor density difference is large enough (fluid far from the critical point), whereas periodic layering predominates for small difference in the liquid and vapor densities (close to the critical point). It was observed for the Faraday wave instability that the wavelength of the instability decreases as one approaches the critical point. The experimental results demonstrate good agreement to the dispersion relation for zero gravity except for temperatures very close to the critical point where a transition from a square pattern to a line pattern is detected, similarly to what is observed under 1g conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Gandikota
- SBT, UMR-E CEA/UJF-Grenoble 1, INAC, Grenoble F-38054, France
| | - D Chatain
- SBT, UMR-E CEA/UJF-Grenoble 1, INAC, Grenoble F-38054, France
| | - S Amiroudine
- Université Bordeaux 1, Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie, UMR CNRS 5295, 16 Av. Pey-Berland, 33607 Pessac Cedex, France
| | - T Lyubimova
- Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics UB RAS, 1 Koroleva Str., 614013 Perm, Russia
| | - D Beysens
- SBT, UMR-E CEA/UJF-Grenoble 1, INAC, Grenoble F-38054, France and CEA-ESEME, ESPCI-PMMH, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75005 Paris, France
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Gandikota G, Chatain D, Amiroudine S, Lyubimova T, Beysens D. Frozen-wave instability in near-critical hydrogen subjected to horizontal vibration under various gravity fields. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2014; 89:012309. [PMID: 24580229 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.89.012309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The frozen-wave instability which appears at a liquid-vapor interface when a harmonic vibration is applied in a direction tangential to it has been less studied until now. The present paper reports experiments on hydrogen (H2) in order to study this instability when the temperature is varied near its critical point for various gravity levels. Close to the critical point, a liquid-vapor density difference and surface tension can be continuously varied with temperature in a scaled, universal way. The effect of gravity on the height of the frozen waves at the interface is studied by performing the experiments in a magnetic facility where effective gravity that results from the coupling of the Earth's gravity and magnetic forces can be varied. The stability diagram of the instability is obtained. The experiments show a good agreement with an inviscid model [Fluid Dyn. 21 849 (1987)], irrespective of the gravity level. It is observed in the experiments that the height of the frozen waves varies weakly with temperature and increases with a decrease in the gravity level, according to a power law with an exponent of 0.7. It is concluded that the wave height becomes of the order of the cell size as the gravity level is asymptotically decreased to zero. The interface pattern thus appears as a bandlike pattern of alternate liquid and vapor phases, a puzzling phenomenon that was observed with CO2 and H2 near their critical point in weightlessness [Acta Astron. 61 1002 (2007); Europhys. Lett. 86 16003 (2009)].
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Affiliation(s)
- G Gandikota
- SBT, UMR-E CEA/UJF-Grenoble 1, INAC, F-38054 Grenoble, France
| | - D Chatain
- SBT, UMR-E CEA/UJF-Grenoble 1, INAC, F-38054 Grenoble, France
| | - S Amiroudine
- Université Bordeaux 1, Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie-UMR CNRS 5295, 16 Avenue Pey Berland, F-33607 Pessac Cedex, France
| | - T Lyubimova
- Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics UB RAS, 1 Koroleva Street, 614013 Perm, Russia and Perm State University, 15 Bukireva Street, 614990 Perm, Russia
| | - D Beysens
- SBT, UMR-E CEA/UJF-Grenoble 1, INAC, F-38054 Grenoble, France and CEA-ESEME, ESPCI-PMMH, 10 rue Vauquelin, F-75005 Paris, France
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Chatain D, Mariette C, Nikolayev VS, Beysens D. Quench cooling under reduced gravity. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2013; 88:013004. [PMID: 23944546 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.88.013004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2013] [Revised: 06/06/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We report quench cooling experiments performed with liquid O(2) under different levels of gravity, simulated with magnetic gravity compensation. A copper disk is quenched from 300 to 90 K. It is found that the cooling time in microgravity is very long in comparison with any other gravity level. This phenomenon is explained by the insulating effect of the gas surrounding the disk. A weak gas pressurization (which results in subcooling of the liquid with respect to the saturation temperature) is shown to drastically improve the heat exchange, thus reducing the cooling time (about 20 times). The effect of subcooling on the heat transfer is analyzed at different gravity levels. It is shown that this type of experiment cannot be used for the analysis of the critical heat flux of the boiling crisis. The film boiling heat transfer and the minimum heat flux of boiling are analyzed as functions of gravity and subcooling.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Chatain
- Service des Basses Températures, UMR-E CEA/UJF-Grenoble 1, INAC, 17 Rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
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Beysens D, Chatain D, Nikolayev VS, Ouazzani J, Garrabos Y. Possibility of long-distance heat transport in weightlessness using supercritical fluids. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2010; 82:061126. [PMID: 21230663 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.82.061126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Heat transport over large distances is classically performed with gravity or capillarity driven heat pipes. We investigate here whether the "piston effect," a thermalization process that is very efficient in weightlessness in compressible fluids, could also be used to perform long-distance heat transfer. Experiments are performed in a modeling heat pipe (16.5 mm long, 3 mm inner diameter closed cylinder), with nearly adiabatic polymethylmethacrylate walls and two copper base plates. The cell is filled with H2 near its gas-liquid critical point (critical temperature: 33 K). Weightlessness is achieved by submitting the fluid to a magnetic force that compensates gravity. Initially the fluid is isothermal. Then heat is sent to one of the bases with an electrical resistance. The instantaneous amount of heat transported by the fluid is measured at the other end. The data are analyzed and compared with a two-dimensional numerical simulation that allows an extrapolation to be made to other fluids (e.g., CO2, with critical temperature of 300 K). The major result is concerned with the existence of a very fast response at early times that is only limited by the thermal properties of the cell materials. The yield in terms of ratio, injected or transported heat power, does not exceed 10-30% and is limited by the heat capacity of the pipe. These results are valid in a large temperature domain around the critical temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Beysens
- Service des Basses Températures, INAC/CEA, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
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Amiroudine S, Beysens D. Thermovibrational instability in supercritical fluids under weightlessness. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2008; 78:036325. [PMID: 18851161 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.78.036325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2008] [Revised: 07/16/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Low amplitude, high frequency vibrations can induce in fluids under weightlessness behaviors that resemble those induced by gravity. Supercritical fluids (above their gas-liquid critical point) are used in the space industry and also display universal behavior. They are particularly sensitive to gravity effects. When submitted to vibration (typically 0.1 to 0.5mm amplitude, 10 to 50Hz frequency), a Rayleigh-Bénard-like instability is observed in experiments with H2 and CO2 under weightlessness. The thermal boundary layer created during a temperature change displays periodic fingering perpendicular to the vibration direction. A systematic two-dimensional numerical study by the finite volume method is performed in CO2 that shows that the fingering pattern is due to a thermovibrational instability, characterized by a vibrational Rayleigh number. The simulation and a simplified dimensional analysis show that the fingering wavelength and the vibrational Rayleigh number decrease as a power law with the distance in temperature to the critical point. However, due to the oversimplification of the analysis, the exponent in the simulation is found to be somewhat different than in the theoretical approach, calling for a more complete investigation of the problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Amiroudine
- LPMI-Arts et Métiers ParisTech, 2 Bd du Ronceray B.P., 93525, 49035 Angers, France.
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16
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Hegseth J, Oprisan A, Garrabos Y, Lecoutre-Chabot C, Nikolayev VS, Beysens D. Near-critical fluid boiling: overheating and wetting films. Eur Phys J E Soft Matter 2008; 26:345-353. [PMID: 19230113 DOI: 10.1140/epje/i2007-10333-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The heating of coexisting gas and liquid phases of pure fluid through its critical point makes the fluid extremely compressible, expandable, slows the diffusive transport, and decreases the contact angle to zero (perfect wetting by the liquid phase). We have performed experiments on near-critical fluids in a variable volume cell in the weightlessness of an orbiting space vehicle, to suppress buoyancy-driven flows and gravitational constraints on the liquid-gas interface. The high compressibility, high thermal expansion, and low thermal diffusivity lead to a pronounced adiabatic heating called the piston effect. We have directly visualized the near-critical fluid's boundary layer response to a volume quench when the external temperature is held constant. We have found that when the system's temperature T is increased at a constant rate past the critical temperature T(c), the interior of the fluid gains a higher temperature than the hot wall (overheating). This extends previous results in temperature quenching experiments in a similarly prepared system when the gas is clearly isolated from the wall. Large elliptical wetting film distortions are also seen during these ramps. By ray tracing through the elliptically shaped wetting film, we find very thick wetting film on the walls. This wetting film is at least one order of magnitude thicker than films that form in the Earth's gravity. The thick wetting film isolates the gas bubble from the wall allowing gas overheating to occur due to the difference in the piston effect response between gas and liquid. Remarkably, this overheating continues and actually increases when the fluid is ramped into the single-phase supercritical phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hegseth
- Department of Physics, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70148, USA.
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17
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Garrabos Y, Beysens D, Lecoutre C, Dejoan A, Polezhaev V, Emelianov V. Thermoconvectional phenomena induced by vibrations in supercritical SF6 under weightlessness. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2007; 75:056317. [PMID: 17677174 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.75.056317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2006] [Revised: 11/10/2006] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The effect of a linear harmonic vibration on heat propagation is investigated in near-critical SF6 under weightlessness conditions in space. Heat was issued from a pointlike source (thermistor), a situation representative of an industrial use of pressurized supercritical fluid storage. Two kinds of vibrations were used, large amplitude (64 mm) at 0.2 Hz and low amplitude (0.8 mm) at 1.6 Hz, with temperatures from 5 K to 20 mK from the critical temperature. The vibrations are seen to strongly affect the evolution and shape of the hot boundary layer (HBL), the heat exchange between the heat source and the fluid, and the bulk thermalization process by the adiabatic piston-effect process. The HBL is initially convected as symmetrical plumes over a distance that only depends on the vibration velocity and which corresponds to a Rayleigh-Bénard-like instability where the vibration acceleration acts as the earth gravity. Then the extremities of the plumes are convected perpendicularly to the direction of oscillation as two "pancakes," a process encountered in the vibrational Rayleigh-Bénard instability. When the vibration velocity is small, only one pancake centered at the hot source is observed. Temperature evolutions of the hot source and the fluid are studied in different locations. Convection flows and adiabatic piston effect compete to determine the thermal dynamics, with the latter being the most efficient near the critical point. The experimental results are compared with a two-dimensional numerical simulation that highlights the similarities and differences between the very compressible van der Waals gas and an ideal gas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Garrabos
- ESEME, Institut de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Bordeaux, UPR 9048 CNRS, Université Bordeaux I, 87, Avenue du Dr. Schweitzer, F-33608 Pessac Cedex, France
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18
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Nikolayev VS, Chatain D, Garrabos Y, Beysens D. Experimental evidence of the vapor recoil mechanism in the boiling crisis. Phys Rev Lett 2006; 97:184503. [PMID: 17155547 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.97.184503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Boiling crisis experiments are carried out in the vicinity of the liquid-gas critical point of H2. A magnetic gravity compensation setup is used to enable nucleate boiling at near critical pressure. The measurements of the critical heat flux that defines the threshold for the boiling crisis are carried out as a function of the distance from the critical point. The obtained power law behavior and the boiling crisis dynamics agree with the predictions of the vapor recoil mechanism and disagree with the classical vapor column mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- V S Nikolayev
- ESEME, Service des Basses Températures, DRFMC/DSM/CEA-Grenoble, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
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19
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Fröhlich T, Beysens D, Garrabos Y. Piston-effect-induced thermal jets in near-critical fluids. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2006; 74:046307. [PMID: 17155173 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.74.046307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
In very compressible fluids, such as fluids near their critical point, the bulk fluid is adiabatically thermalized by the expansion of a hot boundary layer. Thanks to this thermomechanical process (the so-called piston effect) the fluid velocity at the edge of the boundary layer can become very high when the heating power is concentrated in a fissure. Spectacular jets are then observed in SF6 and CO2. Data obtained under weightlessness (in order to remove convection) and data obtained under earth gravity are compared and analyzed. They emphasize the key role of the boundary layer expansion for thermal phenomena in compressible fluids and the hydrodynamic nature of the piston effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Fröhlich
- European Aeronautic Defence and Space Company, 37 boulevard de Montmorency, 75016, Paris, France
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20
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Abstract
The dynamics of coalescence of two water sessile drops is investigated and compared with the spreading dynamics of a single drop in partially wetting regime. The composite drop formed due to coalescence relaxes exponentially toward equilibrium with a typical relaxation time that decreases with contact angle. The relaxation time can reach a few tenths of seconds and depends also on the drop size, initial conditions, and surface properties (contact angle, roughness). The relaxation dynamics is larger by 5 to 6 orders of magnitude than the bulk hydrodynamics predicts, due to the high dissipation in the contact line vicinity. The coalescence is initiated at a contact of the drops growing in a condensation chamber or by depositing a small drop at the top of neighboring drops with a syringe, a method also used for the studies of the spreading. The dynamics is systematically faster by an order of magnitude when comparing the syringe deposition with condensation. We explain this faster dynamics by the influence of the unavoidable drop oscillations observed with fast camera filming. Right after the syringe deposition, the drop is vigorously excited by deformation modes, favoring the contact line motion. This excitation is also observed in spreading experiments while it is absent during the condensation-induced coalescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Narhe
- Equipe du Supercritique pour l'Environnement, les Matériaux et l'Espace, Service des Basses Températures, CEA-Grenoble, Grenoble, France
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Nikolayev VS, Dejoan A, Garrabos Y, Beysens D. Fast heat transfer calculations in supercritical fluids versus hydrodynamic approach. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2003; 67:061202. [PMID: 16241213 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.67.061202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2002] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the heat transfer in a simple pure fluid whose temperature is slightly above its critical temperature. We propose an efficient numerical method to predict the heat transfer in such fluids when the gravity can be neglected. The method, based on a simplified thermodynamic approach, is compared with direct numerical simulations of the Navier-Stokes and energy equations performed for CO2 and SF6. A realistic equation of state is used to describe both fluids. The proposed method agrees with the full hydrodynamic solution and provides a huge gain in computation time. The connection between the purely thermodynamic and hydrodynamic descriptions is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- V S Nikolayev
- DSM-DRFMC-Service des Basses Températures, CEA Grenoble, France.
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22
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Pontoni D, Narayanan T, Petit JM, Grübel G, Beysens D. Microstructure and dynamics near an attractive colloidal glass transition. Phys Rev Lett 2003; 90:188301. [PMID: 12786047 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.90.188301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The microstructure and dynamics of a colloidal system interacting via short-ranged interparticle potential is studied by ultra-small-angle x-ray scattering and x-ray photon correlation spectroscopy. A colloidal gas-liquid type transition is induced when the short-ranged attractive interactions attain sufficient magnitude. The development of liquidlike structure is preceded by a systematic transition in the particle dynamics from diffusive to constrained motion and then completely frozen behavior. This demonstrates the existence of a jamming transition induced by strong short-ranged attractive interactions even at low packing fractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Pontoni
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 38043 Grenoble, France
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23
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Garrabos Y, Lecoutre-Chabot C, Hegseth J, Nikolayev VS, Beysens D, Delville JP. Gas spreading on a heated wall wetted by liquid. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2001; 64:051602. [PMID: 11735934 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.64.051602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
This study deals with a simple pure fluid whose temperature is slightly below its critical temperature and whose density is nearly critical, so that the gas and liquid phases coexist. Under equilibrium conditions, such a liquid completely wets the container wall and the gas phase is always separated from the solid by a wetting film. We report a striking change in the shape of the gas-liquid interface influenced by heating under weightlessness where the gas phase spreads over a hot solid surface showing an apparent contact angle larger than 90 degrees. We show that the two-phase fluid is very sensitive to the differential vapor recoil force and give an explanation that uses this nonequilibrium effect. We also show how these experiments help to understand the boiling crisis, an important technological problem in high-power boiling heat exchange.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Garrabos
- CNRS-ESEME, Institut de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Bordeaux, Université de Bordeaux I, Avenue du Dr. Schweitzer, F-33608 Pessac Cedex, France
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24
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Garrabos Y, Dejoan A, Lecoutre C, Beysens D, Nikolayev V, Wunenburger R. Piston effect in a supercritical fluid sample cell : A phenomenological approach of the mechanisms. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1051/jp4:2001603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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25
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Wunenburger R, Chatain D, Garrabos Y, Beysens D. Magnetic compensation of gravity forces in (p-) hydrogen near its critical point: application to weightless conditions. Phys Rev E Stat Phys Plasmas Fluids Relat Interdiscip Topics 2000; 62:469-476. [PMID: 11088482 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.62.469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/1999] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We report a study concerning the compensation of gravity forces in two-phase (p-) hydrogen. The sample is placed near one end of the vertical z axis of a superconducting coil, where there is a near-uniform magnetic field gradient. A variable effective gravity level g can thus be applied to the two-phase fluid system. The vanishing behavior of the capillary length l(C) at the critical point is compensated by a decrease in g and l(C) is kept much smaller than the cell dimension. For g ranging from 1 to 0.25 times Earth's gravity (modulus g(0)) we compare the actual shape of the meniscus to the expected shape in a homogeneous gravity field. We determine l(C) in a wide range of reduced temperature tau=(T(C)-T)/T(C)=[10(-4)-0.02] from a fit of the meniscus shape. The data are in agreement with previous measurements further from T(C) performed in n-H2 under Earth's gravity. The effective gravity is homogeneous within 10(-2)g(0) for a 3 mm diameter and 2 mm thickness sample and is in good agreement with the computed one, validating the use of the apparatus as a variable gravity facility. In the vicinity of the levitation point (where magnetic forces exactly compensate Earth's gravity), the computed axial component of the acceleration is found to be quadratic in z, whereas its radial component is proportional to the distance to the axis, which explains the gas-liquid patterns observed near the critical point.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Wunenburger
- ESEME, Institut de Chimie de la Matiere Condensee de Bordeaux, UPR 9048, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Universite Bordeaux I, Avenue Dr. A. Schweitzer, F-33608 Pessac Cedex, France
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Wunenburger R, Garrabos Y, Lecoutre-Chabot C, Beysens D, Hegseth J. Thermalization of a two-phase fluid in low gravity: heat transferred from cold to Hot. Phys Rev Lett 2000; 84:4100-4103. [PMID: 10990620 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.84.4100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/1999] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We present an experimental study of the thermal response to a positive temperature quench in two-phase fluid SF6 in low gravity for temperature ranging from 10.1 to 0.1 K from the critical temperature. The temperature was measured simultaneously in the gas, the liquid, and the cell wall by thermistors and the density distribution was observed by interferometry. During the quench the gas temperature considerably exceeded the temperature of the heating walls (overheating up to 23%). This striking observation is discussed in the light of the adiabatic heat transfer in this highly compressible fluid while the key role of the localization in low gravity of the gas and liquid phases is revealed.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Wunenburger
- Equipe du Supercritique pour l'Environnement, les Materiaux et l'Espace, Institut de Chimie de la Matiere Condensee de Bordeaux, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Universite Bordeaux I, F-33608 Pessac Cedex, France
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28
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Wunenburger R, Evesque P, Chabot C, Garrabos Y, Fauve S, Beysens D. Frozen wave induced by high frequency horizontal vibrations on a CO2 liquid-gas interface near the critical point. Phys Rev E Stat Phys Plasmas Fluids Relat Interdiscip Topics 1999; 59:5440-5. [PMID: 11969523 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.59.5440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/1998] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
We used the liquid-vapor equilibrium of CO2 near its critical point (T(C)-T=1 to 150 mK) in order to study the stability of an interface between a gas and a liquid having close densities rho(L) approximately rho(V) when submitted to high frequency f (3-57.5 Hz) horizontal vibrations (of amplitude a from 0.1 to 2.5 mm). Above a given velocity threshold (2piaf )(0) we observed a "frozen wave," corresponding to an interface profile of sinelike shape which is stationary in the reference frame of the vibrated sample cell. By varying the vibration parameters, the surface tension, and the density difference between the two phases via the temperature, it was found that the wavelength and the amplitude of the stationary profile are both increasing functions of the frequency and of the amplitude of the vibration and that they are proportional to the capillary length. Our measurements are consistent with a model of inviscid and incompressible flow averaging the effect of the vibration over a period and leading to a Kelvin-Helmholtz-like instability mechanism due to the relative motion of the two fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Wunenburger
- Institut de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Bordeaux, UPR 9048 du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Avenue Dr. A. Schweitzer, 33608 Pessac Cedex, France
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29
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Bellissent-Funel MC, Tassaing T, Zhao H, Beysens D, Guillot B, Guissani Y. The structure of supercritical heavy water as studied by neutron diffraction. J Chem Phys 1997. [DOI: 10.1063/1.475155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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30
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Abstract
In order to better understand the gelation process associated with collagen assembly, and the mechanism of the in vitro morphogenetic phenomenon of "matrix-driven translocation" [S.A. Newman et al. (1985) Science, 228, 885-889], the viscosity and elastic modulus of assembling collagen matrices in the presence and absence of polystyrene latex beads was investigated. Viscosity measurements at very low shear rates (0.016-0.0549 s(-1)) were performed over a range of temperatures (6.9-11.5 degrees C) in a Couette viscometer. A magnetic levitation sphere rheometer was used to measure the shear elastic modulus of the assembling matrices during the late phase of the gelation process. Gelation was detected by the rapid increase in viscosity that occurred after a lag time tL that varied between O and approximately 500 s. After a rise in viscosity that occurred over an additional approximately 500 s, the collagen matrix was characterized by an elastic modulus of the order of several Pa. The lag time of the assembly process was relatively insensitive to differences in shear rate within the variability of the sample preparation, but was inversely proportional to the time the sample spent on ice before being raised to the test temperature, for test temperatures > 9 degrees C. This suggests that structures important for fibrillogenesis are capable of forming at 0 degrees C. The time dependence of the gelation process is well-described by an exponential law with a rate constant K approximately 0.1 s(-1). Significantly, K was consistently larger in collagen preparations that contained cell-sized polystyrene beads. From these results, along with prior information on effective surface tension differences of bead-containing and bead-lacking collagen matrices, we conclude that changes in matrix organization contributing to matrix-driven translocation are initiated during the lag phase of fibrillogenesis when the viscosity is < or = 0.1 Poise. The phenomenon may make use of small differentials in viscosity and/or elasticity, resulting from the interaction of the beads with the assembling matrix. These properties are well described by standard models of concentrated solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Newman
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA
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31
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Fröhlich T, Guenoun P, Bonetti M, Perrot F, Beysens D, Garrabos Y, Bravais P. Adiabatic versus conductive heat transfer in off-critical SF6 in the absence of convection. Phys Rev E Stat Phys Plasmas Fluids Relat Interdiscip Topics 1996; 54:1544-1549. [PMID: 9965226 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.54.1544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Zhao H, Penninckx-Sans A, Lee LT, Beysens D, Jannink G. Probing the Universal Critical-Adsorption Profile by Neutron Reflectometry. Phys Rev Lett 1995; 75:1977-1980. [PMID: 10059177 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.75.1977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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35
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Narayanan T, Petit J, Broide ML, Beysens D. Desorption-induced fragmentation of silica aggregates. Phys Rev E Stat Phys Plasmas Fluids Relat Interdiscip Topics 1995; 51:4580-4584. [PMID: 9963171 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.51.4580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Beysens D, Guenoun P, Sibille P, Kumar A. Dimple and nose coalescences in phase-separation processes. Phys Rev E Stat Phys Plasmas Fluids Relat Interdiscip Topics 1994; 50:1299-1302. [PMID: 9962093 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.50.1299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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38
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Perrot F, Guenoun P, Baumberger T, Beysens D, Garrabos Y. Nucleation and growth of tightly packed droplets in fluids. Phys Rev Lett 1994; 73:688-691. [PMID: 10057512 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.73.688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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39
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Bonetti M, Perrot F, Beysens D, Garrabos Y. Fast thermalization in supercritical fluids. Phys Rev E Stat Phys Plasmas Fluids Relat Interdiscip Topics 1994; 49:R4779-R4782. [PMID: 9961934 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.49.r4779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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40
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Jayalakshmi Y, Van Duijneveldt JS, Beysens D. Behavior of density and refractive index in mixtures of 2,6‐lutidine and water. J Chem Phys 1994. [DOI: 10.1063/1.466921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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41
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Narayanan T, Kumar A, Gopal ES, Beysens D, Guenoun P, Zalczer G. Reversible flocculation of silica colloids in liquid mixtures. Phys Rev E Stat Phys Plasmas Fluids Relat Interdiscip Topics 1993; 48:1989-1994. [PMID: 9960810 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.48.1989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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42
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Steyer A, Guenoun P, Beysens D. Hexatic and fat-fractal structures for water droplets condensing on oil. Phys Rev E Stat Phys Plasmas Fluids Relat Interdiscip Topics 1993; 48:428-431. [PMID: 9960604 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.48.428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Broide ML, Garrabos Y, Beysens D. Nonfractal colloidal aggregation. Phys Rev E Stat Phys Plasmas Fluids Relat Interdiscip Topics 1993; 47:3768-3771. [PMID: 9960440 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.47.3768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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45
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Aschauer R, Beysens D. Critical behavior of a three-component microemulsion. Phys Rev E Stat Phys Plasmas Fluids Relat Interdiscip Topics 1993; 47:1850-1855. [PMID: 9960207 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.47.1850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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46
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Guenoun P, Khalil B, Beysens D, Garrabos Y, Kammoun F, Zappoli B. Thermal cycle around the critical point of carbon dioxide under reduced gravity. Phys Rev E Stat Phys Plasmas Fluids Relat Interdiscip Topics 1993; 47:1531-1540. [PMID: 9960173 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.47.1531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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47
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Baumberger T, Perrot F, Beysens D. Kinetics of nucleation and growth in a near-critical binary liquid mixture at rest and under a shear flow. Phys Rev A 1992; 46:7636-7642. [PMID: 9908115 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.46.7636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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48
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49
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Jayalakshmi Y, Beysens D. Critical behavior of a ternary microemulsion studied by turbidity, density, and refractive index. Phys Rev A 1992; 45:8709-8718. [PMID: 9906970 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.45.8709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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50
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Fauve S, Kumar K, Laroche C, Beysens D, Garrabos Y. Parametric instability of a liquid-vapor interface close to the critical point. Phys Rev Lett 1992; 68:3160-3163. [PMID: 10045629 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.68.3160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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