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Santos FC, Figueiredo JEF, Pinheiro RB, Cota LV, Vasconcelos AA, Albuquerque Filho MR, Costa RV, Pastina MM, Silva-Araújo DD. Effects of maize genotypes, nitrogen rates and sources in yield, nutritional status, and fumonisins incidence. BRAZ J BIOL 2023; 83:e274081. [PMID: 37971086 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.274081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The maize yield, nutritional status, and grain fumonisins concentration were evaluated in different genotypes, doses, and nitrogen sources (N) in two years and three locations. Two experiments were carried out in each area and year in an experimental design of a subdivided plot with four replications. One experiment involved a 4x2 factorial treatment: four nitrogen (N) doses (0, 80, 160, and 240 kg ha-1) in coverage and having urea as a source of N and two genotypes. Another experiment involved a 4x2 factorial treatment: four N sources: urea, urea covered with polymer, ammonium nitrate, and ammonium nitrate + urea (UAN), at a dose of 160 kg ha-1, in two genotypes. The genotype generally influenced maize yield more than N doses and sources, mainly due to the bushy stunt/corn stunt tolerance of AG7098 PRO2 and AG8677 PRO2. The N doses linearly increased the N leaf content. However, the N sources did not affect the N leaf content. The N doses and sources had no significant effect on the content of fumonisins, which was affected only by the genotypes in Sete Lagoas in 2016 (N doses experiment) and 2017 (N sources experiment). The hybrids, P3630H and AG8677PRO2 (Sete Lagoas, 2016, N doses experiment and 2017, N sources experiment, respectively) exceeded the Brazilian legislation for Maximum Tolerance Limit for fumonisins in corn grains, which is 5,000 µg kg-1. The best result was obtained with AG7098 PRO2, with yields (above 10,000 kg ha-1) and fumonisins consistently below 5,000 µg kg-1. Therefore, the selection of corn hybrids is a strategy to reduce the occurrence of fumonisins in the grains.
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Affiliation(s)
- F C Santos
- Embrapa Milho e Sorgo, Laboratório de Fertilidade de Solos, Sete Lagoas, MG, Brasil
| | - J E F Figueiredo
- Embrapa Milho e Sorgo, Laboratório de Bioquímica Molecular, Sete Lagoas, MG, Brasil
| | - R B Pinheiro
- Terrena Agronegócios, Laboratório de Fertilidade de Solos, Patos de Minas, MG, Brasil
| | - L V Cota
- Embrapa Milho e Sorgo, Laboratório de Fitopatologia, Sete Lagoas, MG, Brasil
| | - A A Vasconcelos
- Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Departamento de Engenharia Agronômica, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | | | - R V Costa
- Embrapa Milho e Sorgo, Laboratório de Fitopatologia, Sete Lagoas, MG, Brasil
| | - M M Pastina
- Embrapa Milho e Sorgo, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Sete Lagoas, MG, Brasil
| | - D D Silva-Araújo
- Embrapa Milho e Sorgo, Laboratório de Fitopatologia, Sete Lagoas, MG, Brasil
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