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Demichelis F, Tommasi T, Deorsola FA, Marchisio D, Mancini G, Fino D. Life cycle assessment and life cycle costing of advanced anaerobic digestion of organic fraction municipal solid waste. Chemosphere 2022; 289:133058. [PMID: 34838840 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is the evaluation of the environmental sustainability by means of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and economic profitability through Life Cycle Costing (LCC) of the 18 anaerobic digestion (AD) configurations carried out on Organic Fraction Municipal Solid Waste (OFMSW) at three Substrate Inoculum (S:I) ratios (1:2, 1:1 and 2:1) for three different inoculum incubation times (0, 5 and 10 d). The adopted approach was the eco-efficiency perspective, coming from the combination of technical, environmental (LCA) and economic (LCC) perspectives. The main findings of the study were that increasing both the S:I ratio and the inoculum incubation time (5 and 10 d) the environmental impacts decreased, and economic profitability increased. The lowest values of Climate Change were achieved by the AD performed with both inocula WAS and CAS for 10 d at S:I equal to 2:1: 28.67 and 27.72 kg CO2 eq respectively. The minimum AD plant size for which all the 18 AD configurations was economically profitable after 5 y of amortization was 30,000 t/y of OFMSW. Capital and operational costs decreased by increasing the incubation time of the inoculum and the S:I ratio, since higher specific biogas rate was reached, and smaller AD bio-reactor volume were adopted because hydraulic retention time decreased. The AD plant size, for which maximal revenues and minimal capital and operational costs were detected, was 50,000 t/y OFMSW. Among all the AD configurations, the environmental sustainability and economic profitability were reached by test perfomed with inocula WAS and CAS incubated for 5 and 10 d at the highest S:I ratio 2:1.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Demichelis
- Department of Applied Science and Technology (DISAT), Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129, Torino (TO), Italy.
| | - T Tommasi
- Department of Applied Science and Technology (DISAT), Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129, Torino (TO), Italy
| | - F A Deorsola
- Department of Applied Science and Technology (DISAT), Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129, Torino (TO), Italy
| | - D Marchisio
- Department of Applied Science and Technology (DISAT), Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129, Torino (TO), Italy
| | - G Mancini
- Department of Electric, Electronic and Informatic Engineering, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - D Fino
- Department of Applied Science and Technology (DISAT), Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129, Torino (TO), Italy
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Batuecas E, Liendo F, Tommasi T, Bensaid S, Deorsola F, Fino D. Recycling CO2 from flue gas for CaCO3 nanoparticles production as cement filler: A Life Cycle Assessment. J CO2 UTIL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2021.101446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Davarpanah E, Armandi M, Hernández S, Fino D, Arletti R, Bensaid S, Piumetti M. CO 2 capture on natural zeolite clinoptilolite: Effect of temperature and role of the adsorption sites. J Environ Manage 2020; 275:111229. [PMID: 32861002 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the adsorption capacity of the low-cost zeolite clinoptilolite was investigated for capturing carbon dioxide (CO2) emitted from industrial processes at moderate temperature. The CO2 adsorption capacity of clinoptilolite (a commercial natural zeolite) and ion-exchanged (with Na+ and Ca2+) clinoptilolite were tested under both dynamic (using a fixed-bed reactor operating with 10% vol. CO2 in N2) and equilibrium conditions (measuring single component adsorption isotherms). The dynamic CO2 adsorption capacity of bare clinoptilolite and ion-exchanged clinoptilolite were evaluated in the temperature range from 293 K to 338 K and the obtained breakthrough curves were compared with those of the commercial zeolite 13X (Z13X). Although the adsorption capacity of Z13X exceeded those of bare clinoptilolite and ion-exchanged clinoptilolite at 293 K, the clinoptilolite exhibited the highest CO2 uptake at a moderate temperature of 338 K (i.e. 25 % higher than Z13X). This feature appears in agreement with the lower isosteric heat of CO2 adsorption on clinoptilolite compared to the other samples. The surface species affecting the qiso and adsorption capacity were investigated through the FTIR spectroscopy using CO2 as probe molecule. As a whole, it has been observed that CO2 forms linear adducts onto K+ and Mg2+ cations of the bare clinoptilolite, and carbonate-like species onto its basic sites. With the Na-exchanged clinoptilolite, Na+ ions led to a decrease in surface basicity and to the formation of both single (Na+···OCO) and dual (Na+···OCO⋯Na+) cationic sites available for the formation of linear adducts. As a result of the remarkable adsorption capacity of clinoptilolite at 338 K, this material appears to be a promising adsorbent for the direct CO2 removal from different flue gases sources operating at such temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Davarpanah
- Department of Applied Science and Technology (DISAT), Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129, Turin, Italy
| | - M Armandi
- Department of Applied Science and Technology (DISAT), Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129, Turin, Italy
| | - S Hernández
- Department of Applied Science and Technology (DISAT), Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129, Turin, Italy
| | - D Fino
- Department of Applied Science and Technology (DISAT), Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129, Turin, Italy
| | - R Arletti
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Modena and Regio Emilia, Via Giuseppe Campi 103, 4125, Modena, Italy
| | - S Bensaid
- Department of Applied Science and Technology (DISAT), Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129, Turin, Italy
| | - M Piumetti
- Department of Applied Science and Technology (DISAT), Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129, Turin, Italy.
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Mancini G, Viotti P, Luciano A, Raboni M, Fino D. Full scale treatment of ASR wastes in a modified rotary kiln. Waste Manag 2014; 34:2347-2354. [PMID: 25103234 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2014.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Revised: 06/27/2014] [Accepted: 06/29/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A plant, designed for the thermo-valorisation of tyres, was specifically modified in order to treat Automobile Shredder Residue (ASR). Results from two full-scale combustion experiments, carried out on large ASR feeding lots (thousands of tons) indicate the proposed technology as a potential route to help the fulfilling of impending 95% reuse and recovery target set by the End of life Vehicle (ELV) Directive (January 2015). The paper describes the main operational troubleshot occurred during the first experiment (emissions at the stack out of regulatory limits and problems of clogging on the conveyer belt) and the consequent upgrading solutions (pre-treatment, introduction of waste double low-flow screw feeder and a cyclone prior to the main fan, modification of rotatory kiln inlet) adopted to allow, during the second long-term experiment, a continuous basis operation of the plant in full compliance with the discharge limit to the atmosphere. Characterization of both ASR and combustion residues allowed to quantify a 18% of combustion residues as not dangerous waste while only the 2% as hazardous one. A pre-treatment for the reduction of fines in the ASR was recommended in order to achieve the required energy recovery efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Mancini
- Department of Industrial Engineering (DII), University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, I-95125 Catania, Italy
| | - P Viotti
- Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering (DICEA), Sapienza University of Rome, Via Eudossiana 18, I-00184 Rome, Italy
| | - A Luciano
- ENEA - Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, Casaccia Research Centre, Via Anguillarese 301, 00123 Rome, Italy
| | - M Raboni
- Department of Biotechnologies and Life Sciences, Insubria University, Via G.B. Vico 46, Varese, Italy
| | - D Fino
- Department of Applied Science and Technology (DISAT), Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy.
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Mancini G, Viotti P, Luciano A, Fino D. On the ASR and ASR thermal residues characterization of full scale treatment plant. Waste Manag 2014; 34:448-457. [PMID: 24290536 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2013.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2013] [Accepted: 11/04/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In order to obtain 85% recycling, several procedures on Automotive Shredder Residue (ASR) could be implemented, such as advanced metal and polymer recovery, mechanical recycling, pyrolysis, the direct use of ASR in the cement industry, and/or the direct use of ASR as a secondary raw material. However, many of these recovery options appear to be limited, due to the possible low acceptability of ASR based products on the market. The recovery of bottom ash and slag after an ASR thermal treatment is an option that is not usually considered in most countries (e.g. Italy) due to the excessive amount of contaminants, especially metals. The purpose of this paper is to provide information on the characteristics of ASR and its full-scale incineration residues. Experiments have been carried out, in two different experimental campaigns, in a full-scale tyre incineration plant specifically modified to treat ASR waste. Detailed analysis of ASR samples and combustion residues were carried out and compared with literature data. On the basis of the analytical results, the slag and bottom ash from the combustion process have been classified as non-hazardous wastes, according to the EU waste acceptance criteria (WAC), and therefore after further tests could be used in future in the construction industry. It has also been concluded that ASR bottom ash (EWC - European Waste Catalogue - code 19 01 12) could be landfilled in SNRHW (stabilized non-reactive hazardous waste) cells or used as raw material for road construction, with or without further treatment for the removal of heavy metals. In the case of fly ash from boiler or Air Pollution Control (APC) residues, it has been found that the Cd, Pb and Zn concentrations exceeded regulatory leaching test limits therefore their removal, or a stabilization process, would be essential prior to landfilling the use of these residues as construction material.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Mancini
- Department of Industrial Engineering (DII), University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, I-95125 Catania, Italy
| | - P Viotti
- Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering (DICEA), Sapienza University of Rome, Via Eudossiana 18, I-00184 Rome, Italy.
| | - A Luciano
- ENEA Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, RC Casaccia, Via Anguillarese 301, 00123 S. Maria Galeria, Rome, Italy
| | - D Fino
- Department of Applied Science and Technology (DISAT), Polytechnic of Turin, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
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Bensaid S, Russo N, Fino D. CeO2 catalysts with fibrous morphology for soot oxidation: The importance of the soot–catalyst contact conditions. Catal Today 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2013.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Fino
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - N. Russo
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
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Di Giulio S, Faraldi P, Russo N, Fino D, Saracco G, Specchia V. Photo-catalytic coating of polystyrene for household cooling appliances with self cleaning surfaces. J APPL ELECTROCHEM 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s10800-009-9858-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Russo N, Fino D, Saracco G, Specchia V. Promotion effect of Au on perovskite catalysts for the regeneration of diesel particulate filters. Catal Today 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2007.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Mescia D, Caroca J, Russo N, Labhsetwar N, Fino D, Saracco G, Specchia V. Towards a single brick solution for the abatement of NOx and soot from diesel engine exhausts. Catal Today 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2007.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Dhakad M, Mitshuhashi T, Rayalu S, Doggali P, Bakardjiva S, Subrt J, Fino D, Haneda H, Labhsetwar N. Co3O4–CeO2 mixed oxide-based catalytic materials for diesel soot oxidation. Catal Today 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2007.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Russo
- Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Department, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - D. Mescia
- Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Department, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - D. Fino
- Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Department, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - G. Saracco
- Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Department, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - V. Specchia
- Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Department, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
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Abstract
A nanostructured spinel-type oxide catalyst (CoCr2O4) prepared by solution combustion synthesis was developed and deposited over a SiC wall-flow trap for diesel particulate removal. Bench tests proved that, after soot loading, the developed trap enables a faster and more complete regeneration at 550 degrees C than a commercial Pt-catalyst based trap or a noncatalyzed trap. On the other hand, secondary nanoparticle emission occurs during the fast regeneration promoted by the CoCr2O4-catalyzed trap. This is a likely consequence of oxidative fragmentation of the trapped soot agglomerates. This problem can be resolved by performing a "mild" regeneration at lower temperatures (e.g., 450 degrees C).
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Affiliation(s)
- E Cauda
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Fino
- Dipartimento di Scienza dei Materiali ed Ingegneria Chimica, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - N. Russo
- Dipartimento di Scienza dei Materiali ed Ingegneria Chimica, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - G. Saracco
- Dipartimento di Scienza dei Materiali ed Ingegneria Chimica, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - V. Specchia
- Dipartimento di Scienza dei Materiali ed Ingegneria Chimica, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
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Pinto LM, Fino D, Dias PG. [Acute gastroenteritis. Review of 1,230 cases]. Rev Port Pediatr Pueric 1967; 30:368-378. [PMID: 5613877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
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