1
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Patel D, Knauer JP, Cao D, Betti R, Nora R, Shvydky A, Gopalaswamy V, Lees A, Sampat S, Donaldson WR, Regan SP, Stoeckl C, Forrest CJ, Glebov VY, Harding DR, Bonino MJ, Janezic RT, Wasilewski D, Fella C, Shuldberg C, Murray J, Guzman D, Serrato B. Effects of Laser Bandwidth in Direct-Drive High-Performance DT-Layered Implosions on the OMEGA Laser. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 131:105101. [PMID: 37739360 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.105101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
In direct-drive inertial confinement fusion, the laser bandwidth reduces the laser imprinting seed of hydrodynamic instabilities. The impact of varying bandwidth on the performance of direct-drive DT-layered implosions was studied in targets with different hydrodynamic stability properties. The stability was controlled by changing the shell adiabat from (α_{F}≃5) (more stable) to (α_{F}≃3.5) (less stable). These experiments show that the performance of lower adiabat implosions improves considerably as the bandwidth is raised indicating that further bandwidth increases, beyond the current capabilities of OMEGA, would be greatly beneficial. These results suggest that the future generation of ultra-broadband lasers could enable achieving high convergence and possibly high gains in direct drive ICF.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Patel
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, New York 14623, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - J P Knauer
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - D Cao
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - R Betti
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, New York 14623, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Rochester, New York 14623, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - R Nora
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - A Shvydky
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - V Gopalaswamy
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - A Lees
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - S Sampat
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - W R Donaldson
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - S P Regan
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - C Stoeckl
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - C J Forrest
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - V Yu Glebov
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - D R Harding
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - M J Bonino
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - R T Janezic
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - D Wasilewski
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - C Fella
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - C Shuldberg
- General Atomics, San Diego, California 92186, USA
| | - J Murray
- General Atomics, San Diego, California 92186, USA
| | - D Guzman
- General Atomics, San Diego, California 92186, USA
| | - B Serrato
- General Atomics, San Diego, California 92186, USA
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2
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Hu SX, Ceurvorst L, Peebles JL, Mao A, Li P, Lu Y, Shvydky A, Goncharov VN, Epstein R, Nichols KA, Goshadze RMN, Ghosh M, Hinz J, Karasiev VV, Zhang S, Shaffer NR, Mihaylov DI, Cappelletti J, Harding DR, Li CK, Campbell EM, Shah RC, Collins TJB, Regan SP, Deeney C. Laser-direct-drive fusion target design with a high-Z gradient-density pusher shell. Phys Rev E 2023; 108:035209. [PMID: 37849111 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.108.035209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Laser-direct-drive fusion target designs with solid deuterium-tritium (DT) fuel, a high-Z gradient-density pusher shell (GDPS), and a Au-coated foam layer have been investigated through both 1D and 2D radiation-hydrodynamic simulations. Compared with conventional low-Z ablators and DT-push-on-DT targets, these GDPS targets possess certain advantages of being instability-resistant implosions that can be high adiabat (α≥8) and low hot-spot and pusher-shell convergence (CR_{hs}≈22 and CR_{PS}≈17), and have a low implosion velocity (v_{imp}<3×10^{7}cm/s). Using symmetric drive with laser energies of 1.9 to 2.5MJ, 1D lilac simulations of these GDPS implosions can result in neutron yields corresponding to ≳50-MJ energy, even with reduced laser absorption due to the cross-beam energy transfer (CBET) effect. Two-dimensional draco simulations show that these GDPS targets can still ignite and deliver neutron yields from 4 to ∼10MJ even if CBET is present, while traditional DT-push-on-DT targets normally fail due to the CBET-induced reduction of ablation pressure. If CBET is mitigated, these GDPS targets are expected to produce neutron yields of >20MJ at a driven laser energy of ∼2MJ. The key factors behind the robust ignition and moderate energy gain of such GDPS implosions are as follows: (1) The high initial density of the high-Z pusher shell can be placed at a very high adiabat while the DT fuel is maintained at a relatively low-entropy state; therefore, such implosions can still provide enough compression ρR>1g/cm^{2} for sufficient confinement; (2) the high-Z layer significantly reduces heat-conduction loss from the hot spot since thermal conductivity scales as ∼1/Z; and (3) possible radiation trapping may offer an additional advantage for reducing energy loss from such high-Z targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- S X Hu
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - L Ceurvorst
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299, USA
| | - J L Peebles
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299, USA
| | - A Mao
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, USA
| | - P Li
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, USA
| | - Y Lu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, USA
| | - A Shvydky
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299, USA
| | - V N Goncharov
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - R Epstein
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299, USA
| | - K A Nichols
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - R M N Goshadze
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - M Ghosh
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299, USA
| | - J Hinz
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - V V Karasiev
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299, USA
| | - S Zhang
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299, USA
| | - N R Shaffer
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299, USA
| | - D I Mihaylov
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299, USA
| | - J Cappelletti
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - D R Harding
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299, USA
| | - C K Li
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - E M Campbell
- MCM Consulting, San Diego, California 97127, USA
| | - R C Shah
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299, USA
| | - T J B Collins
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299, USA
| | - S P Regan
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - C Deeney
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299, USA
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3
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Igumenshchev IV, Theobald W, Stoeckl C, Shah RC, Bishel DT, Goncharov VN, Bonino MJ, Campbell EM, Ceurvorst L, Chin DA, Collins TJB, Fess S, Harding DR, Sampat S, Shaffer NR, Shvydky A, Smith EA, Trickey WT, Waxer LJ, Colaïtis A, Liotard R, Adrian PJ, Atzeni S, Barbato F, Savino L, Alfonso N, Haid A, Do M. Proof-of-Principle Experiment on the Dynamic Shell Formation for Inertial Confinement Fusion. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 131:015102. [PMID: 37478441 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.015102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
In the dynamic-shell (DS) concept [V. N. Goncharov et al., Novel Hot-Spot Ignition Designs for Inertial Confinement Fusion with Liquid-Deuterium-Tritium Spheres, Phys. Rev. Lett. 125, 065001 (2020).PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.125.065001] for laser-driven inertial confinement fusion the deuterium-tritium fuel is initially in the form of a homogeneous liquid inside a wetted-foam spherical shell. This fuel is ignited using a conventional implosion, which is preceded by a initial compression of the fuel followed by its expansion and dynamic formation of a high-density fuel shell with a low-density interior. This Letter reports on a scaled-down, proof-of-principle experiment on the OMEGA laser demonstrating, for the first time, the feasibility of DS formation. A shell is formed by convergent shocks launched by laser pulses at the edge of a plasma sphere, with the plasma itself formed as a result of laser-driven compression and relaxation of a surrogate plastic-foam ball target. Three x-ray diagnostics, namely, 1D spatially resolved self-emission streaked imaging, 2D self-emission framed imaging, and backlighting radiography, have shown good agreement with the predicted evolution of the DS and its stability to low Legendre mode perturbations introduced by laser irradiation and target asymmetries.
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Affiliation(s)
- I V Igumenshchev
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1212, USA
| | - W Theobald
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1212, USA
| | - C Stoeckl
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1212, USA
| | - R C Shah
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1212, USA
| | - D T Bishel
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1212, USA
| | - V N Goncharov
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1212, USA
| | - M J Bonino
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1212, USA
| | - E M Campbell
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1212, USA
| | - L Ceurvorst
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1212, USA
| | - D A Chin
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1212, USA
| | - T J B Collins
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1212, USA
| | - S Fess
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1212, USA
| | - D R Harding
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1212, USA
| | - S Sampat
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1212, USA
| | - N R Shaffer
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1212, USA
| | - A Shvydky
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1212, USA
| | - E A Smith
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1212, USA
| | - W T Trickey
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1212, USA
| | - L J Waxer
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1212, USA
| | - A Colaïtis
- Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications, UMR 5107, 351 Cours de la libération, 33400 Talence, France
| | - R Liotard
- Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications, UMR 5107, 351 Cours de la libération, 33400 Talence, France
| | - P J Adrian
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center, MIT, Boston, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - S Atzeni
- Dipartimento SBAI, Università degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza,", Via Antonio Scarpa 14, 00161 Roma, Italy
| | - F Barbato
- Dipartimento SBAI, Università degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza,", Via Antonio Scarpa 14, 00161 Roma, Italy
| | - L Savino
- Dipartimento SBAI, Università degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza,", Via Antonio Scarpa 14, 00161 Roma, Italy
| | - N Alfonso
- General Atomics, San Diego, California 92816, USA
| | - A Haid
- General Atomics, San Diego, California 92816, USA
| | - Mi Do
- General Atomics, San Diego, California 92816, USA
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4
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Shah RC, Cao D, Aghaian L, Bachmann B, Betti R, Campbell EM, Epstein R, Forrest CJ, Forsman A, Glebov VY, Goncharov VN, Gopalaswamy V, Harding DR, Hu SX, Igumenshchev IV, Janezic RT, Keaty L, Knauer JP, Kobs D, Lees A, Mannion OM, Mohamed ZL, Patel D, Rosenberg MJ, Shmayda WT, Stoeckl C, Theobald W, Thomas CA, Volegov P, Woo KM, Regan SP. Bound on hot-spot mix in high-velocity, high-adiabat direct-drive cryogenic implosions based on comparison of absolute x-ray and neutron yields. Phys Rev E 2022; 106:L013201. [PMID: 35974626 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.106.l013201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In laser-driven implosions for laboratory fusion, the comparison of hot-spot x-ray yield to neutron production can serve to infer hot-spot mix. For high-performance direct-drive implosions, this ratio depends sensitively on the degree of equilibration between the ion and electron fluids. A scaling for x-ray yield as a function of neutron yield and characteristic ion and electron hot-spot temperatures is developed on the basis of simulations with varying degrees of equilibration. We apply this model to hot-spot x-ray measurements of direct-drive cryogenic implosions typical of the direct-drive designs with best ignition metrics. The comparison of the measured x-ray and neutron yields indicates that hot-spot mix, if present, is below a sensitivity estimated as ∼2% by-atom mix of ablator plastic into the hot spot.
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Affiliation(s)
- R C Shah
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - D Cao
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - L Aghaian
- General Atomics, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - B Bachmann
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA
| | - R Betti
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - E M Campbell
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - R Epstein
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - C J Forrest
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - A Forsman
- General Atomics, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - V Yu Glebov
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - V N Goncharov
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - V Gopalaswamy
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - D R Harding
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - S X Hu
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - I V Igumenshchev
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - R T Janezic
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - L Keaty
- General Atomics, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - J P Knauer
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - D Kobs
- General Atomics, San Diego, California 92121, USA
| | - A Lees
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - O M Mannion
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - Z L Mohamed
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - D Patel
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - M J Rosenberg
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - W T Shmayda
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - C Stoeckl
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - W Theobald
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - C A Thomas
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - P Volegov
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - K M Woo
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - S P Regan
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
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5
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Lees A, Betti R, Knauer JP, Gopalaswamy V, Patel D, Woo KM, Anderson KS, Campbell EM, Cao D, Carroll-Nellenback J, Epstein R, Forrest C, Goncharov VN, Harding DR, Hu SX, Igumenshchev IV, Janezic RT, Mannion OM, Radha PB, Regan SP, Shvydky A, Shah RC, Shmayda WT, Stoeckl C, Theobald W, Thomas C. Experimentally Inferred Fusion Yield Dependencies of OMEGA Inertial Confinement Fusion Implosions. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 127:105001. [PMID: 34533333 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.105001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Statistical modeling of experimental and simulation databases has enabled the development of an accurate predictive capability for deuterium-tritium layered cryogenic implosions at the OMEGA laser [V. Gopalaswamy et al.,Nature 565, 581 (2019)10.1038/s41586-019-0877-0]. In this letter, a physics-based statistical mapping framework is described and used to uncover the dependencies of the fusion yield. This model is used to identify and quantify the degradation mechanisms of the fusion yield in direct-drive implosions on OMEGA. The yield is found to be reduced by the ratio of laser beam to target radius, the asymmetry in inferred ion temperatures from the ℓ=1 mode, the time span over which tritium fuel has decayed, and parameters related to the implosion hydrodynamic stability. When adjusted for tritium decay and ℓ=1 mode, the highest yield in OMEGA cryogenic implosions is predicted to exceed 2×10^{14} fusion reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lees
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - R Betti
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - J P Knauer
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - V Gopalaswamy
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - D Patel
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - K M Woo
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - K S Anderson
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - E M Campbell
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - D Cao
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - J Carroll-Nellenback
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - R Epstein
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - C Forrest
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - V N Goncharov
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - D R Harding
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - S X Hu
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - I V Igumenshchev
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - R T Janezic
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - O M Mannion
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - P B Radha
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - S P Regan
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - A Shvydky
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - R C Shah
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - W T Shmayda
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - C Stoeckl
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - W Theobald
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - C Thomas
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
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6
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Campbell EM, Sangster TC, Goncharov VN, Zuegel JD, Morse SFB, Sorce C, Collins GW, Wei MS, Betti R, Regan SP, Froula DH, Dorrer C, Harding DR, Gopalaswamy V, Knauer JP, Shah R, Mannion OM, Marozas JA, Radha PB, Rosenberg MJ, Collins TJB, Christopherson AR, Solodov AA, Cao D, Palastro JP, Follett RK, Farrell M. Direct-drive laser fusion: status, plans and future. Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci 2021; 379:20200011. [PMID: 33280561 PMCID: PMC7741011 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2020.0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Laser-direct drive (LDD), along with laser indirect (X-ray) drive (LID) and magnetic drive with pulsed power, is one of the three viable inertial confinement fusion approaches to achieving fusion ignition and gain in the laboratory. The LDD programme is primarily being executed at both the Omega Laser Facility at the Laboratory for Laser Energetics and at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. LDD research at Omega includes cryogenic implosions, fundamental physics including material properties, hydrodynamics and laser-plasma interaction physics. LDD research on the NIF is focused on energy coupling and laser-plasma interactions physics at ignition-scale plasmas. Limited implosions on the NIF in the 'polar-drive' configuration, where the irradiation geometry is configured for LID, are also a feature of LDD research. The ability to conduct research over a large range of energy, power and scale size using both Omega and the NIF is a major positive aspect of LDD research that reduces the risk in scaling from OMEGA to megajoule-class lasers. The paper will summarize the present status of LDD research and plans for the future with the goal of ultimately achieving a burning plasma in the laboratory. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'Prospects for high gain inertial fusion energy (part 2)'.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. M. Campbell
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623-1299, USA
| | - T. C. Sangster
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623-1299, USA
| | - V. N. Goncharov
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623-1299, USA
| | - J. D. Zuegel
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623-1299, USA
| | - S. F. B. Morse
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623-1299, USA
| | - C. Sorce
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623-1299, USA
| | - G. W. Collins
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623-1299, USA
| | - M. S. Wei
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623-1299, USA
| | - R. Betti
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623-1299, USA
| | - S. P. Regan
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623-1299, USA
| | - D. H. Froula
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623-1299, USA
| | - C. Dorrer
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623-1299, USA
| | - D. R. Harding
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623-1299, USA
| | - V. Gopalaswamy
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623-1299, USA
| | - J. P. Knauer
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623-1299, USA
| | - R. Shah
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623-1299, USA
| | - O. M. Mannion
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623-1299, USA
| | - J. A. Marozas
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623-1299, USA
| | - P. B. Radha
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623-1299, USA
| | - M. J. Rosenberg
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623-1299, USA
| | - T. J. B. Collins
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623-1299, USA
| | - A. R. Christopherson
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623-1299, USA
| | - A. A. Solodov
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623-1299, USA
| | - D. Cao
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623-1299, USA
| | - J. P. Palastro
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623-1299, USA
| | - R. K. Follett
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623-1299, USA
| | - M. Farrell
- General Atomics, 3550 General Atomics Court, San Diego, CA, 92121-1122, USA
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7
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Harding DR, Wittman MD, Redden NP, Edgell DH, Ulreich J. Comparison of Shadowgraphy and X-Ray Phase Contrast Methods for Characterizing a DT Ice Layer in an Inertial Confinement Fusion Target. Fusion Science and Technology 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/15361055.2020.1812990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. R. Harding
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299
| | - M. D. Wittman
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299
| | - N. P. Redden
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299
| | - D. H. Edgell
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299
| | - J. Ulreich
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299
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8
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Goncharov VN, Igumenshchev IV, Harding DR, Morse SFB, Hu SX, Radha PB, Froula DH, Regan SP, Sangster TC, Campbell EM. Novel Hot-Spot Ignition Designs for Inertial Confinement Fusion with Liquid-Deuterium-Tritium Spheres. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 125:065001. [PMID: 32845678 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.065001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A new class of ignition designs is proposed for inertial confinement fusion experiments. These designs are based on the hot-spot ignition approach, but instead of a conventional target that is comprised of a spherical shell with a thin frozen deuterium-tritium (DT) layer, a liquid DT sphere inside a wetted-foam shell is used, and the lower-density central region and higher-density shell are created dynamically by appropriately shaping the laser pulse. These offer several advantages, including simplicity in target production (suitable for mass production for inertial fusion energy), absence of the fill tube (leading to a more-symmetric implosion), and lower sensitivity to both laser imprint and physics uncertainty in shock interaction with the ice-vapor interface. The design evolution starts by launching an ∼1-Mbar shock into a DT sphere. After bouncing from the center, the reflected shock reaches the outer surface of the sphere and the shocked material starts to expand outward. Supporting ablation pressure ultimately stops such expansion and subsequently launches a shock toward the target center, compressing the ablator and fuel, and forming a shell. The shell is then accelerated and fuel is compressed by appropriately shaping the drive laser pulse, forming a hot spot using the conventional or shock ignition approaches. This Letter demonstrates the feasibility of the new concept using hydrodynamic simulations and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of the concept compared with more-traditional inertial confinement fusion designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- V N Goncharov
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - I V Igumenshchev
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - D R Harding
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - S F B Morse
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - S X Hu
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - P B Radha
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - D H Froula
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - S P Regan
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - T C Sangster
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - E M Campbell
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
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9
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Gopalaswamy V, Betti R, Knauer JP, Luciani N, Patel D, Woo KM, Bose A, Igumenshchev IV, Campbell EM, Anderson KS, Bauer KA, Bonino MJ, Cao D, Christopherson AR, Collins GW, Collins TJB, Davies JR, Delettrez JA, Edgell DH, Epstein R, Forrest CJ, Froula DH, Glebov VY, Goncharov VN, Harding DR, Hu SX, Jacobs-Perkins DW, Janezic RT, Kelly JH, Mannion OM, Maximov A, Marshall FJ, Michel DT, Miller S, Morse SFB, Palastro J, Peebles J, Radha PB, Regan SP, Sampat S, Sangster TC, Sefkow AB, Seka W, Shah RC, Shmyada WT, Shvydky A, Stoeckl C, Solodov AA, Theobald W, Zuegel JD, Johnson MG, Petrasso RD, Li CK, Frenje JA. Tripled yield in direct-drive laser fusion through statistical modelling. Nature 2019; 565:581-586. [PMID: 30700868 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-0877-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Focusing laser light onto a very small target can produce the conditions for laboratory-scale nuclear fusion of hydrogen isotopes. The lack of accurate predictive models, which are essential for the design of high-performance laser-fusion experiments, is a major obstacle to achieving thermonuclear ignition. Here we report a statistical approach that was used to design and quantitatively predict the results of implosions of solid deuterium-tritium targets carried out with the 30-kilojoule OMEGA laser system, leading to tripling of the fusion yield to its highest value so far for direct-drive laser fusion. When scaled to the laser energies of the National Ignition Facility (1.9 megajoules), these targets are predicted to produce a fusion energy output of about 500 kilojoules-several times larger than the fusion yields currently achieved at that facility. This approach could guide the exploration of the vast parameter space of thermonuclear ignition conditions and enhance our understanding of laser-fusion physics.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Gopalaswamy
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA. .,Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.
| | - R Betti
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - J P Knauer
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - N Luciani
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.,Dipartimento di Energetica, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - D Patel
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - K M Woo
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - A Bose
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.,Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - I V Igumenshchev
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - E M Campbell
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - K S Anderson
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - K A Bauer
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - M J Bonino
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - D Cao
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - A R Christopherson
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - G W Collins
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - T J B Collins
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - J R Davies
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - J A Delettrez
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - D H Edgell
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - R Epstein
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - C J Forrest
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - D H Froula
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - V Y Glebov
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - V N Goncharov
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - D R Harding
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - S X Hu
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - D W Jacobs-Perkins
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - R T Janezic
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - J H Kelly
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - O M Mannion
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - A Maximov
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - F J Marshall
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - D T Michel
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - S Miller
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - S F B Morse
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - J Palastro
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - J Peebles
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - P B Radha
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - S P Regan
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - S Sampat
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - T C Sangster
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - A B Sefkow
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - W Seka
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - R C Shah
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - W T Shmyada
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - A Shvydky
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - C Stoeckl
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - A A Solodov
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - W Theobald
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - J D Zuegel
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - M Gatu Johnson
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - R D Petrasso
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - C K Li
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - J A Frenje
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
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10
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Wittman MD, Bonino MJ, Edgell DH, Fella C, Harding DR, Sanchez J. Effect of Tritium-Induced Damage on Plastic Targets from High-Density DT Permeation. Fusion Science and Technology 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/15361055.2017.1380496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. D. Wittman
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299
| | - M. J. Bonino
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299
| | - D. H. Edgell
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299
| | - C. Fella
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299
| | - D. R. Harding
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299
| | - J. Sanchez
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550
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11
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Chock BP, Harding DR, Jones TB. Using Digital Microfluidics to Dispense, Combine, and Transport Low-Surface-Energy Fluids. Fusion Science and Technology 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/15361055.2017.1378013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B. P. Chock
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics and Department of Chemical Engineering, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299
| | - D. R. Harding
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics and Department of Chemical Engineering, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299
| | - T. B. Jones
- University of Rochester, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rochester, New York 14627
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12
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Viza ND, Harding DR. Performance of Different “Lab-On-Chip” Geometries for Making Double Emulsions to Form Polystyrene Shells. Fusion Science and Technology 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/15361055.2017.1391662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. D. Viza
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299
| | - D. R. Harding
- University of Rochester, Department of Chemical Engineering, Rochester, New York, 14627
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13
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Soures JM, Loucks SJ, McCrory RL, Verdon CP, Babushkin A, Bahr RE, Boehly TR, Boni R, Bradley DK, Brown DL, Delettrez JA, Craxton RS, Donaldson WR, Epstein R, Gram R, Harding DR, Jaanimagi PA, Jacobs SD, Kearney K, Keck RL, Kelly JH, Kessler TJ, Kremens RL, Knauer JP, Letzring SA, Lonobile DJ, Lund LD, Marshall FJ, McKenty PW, Meyerhofer DD, Morse SFB, Okishev A, Papernov S, Pien G, Seka W, Short RW, Skeldon MD, Skupsky S, Schmid AW, Smith DJ, Swales S, Wittman M, Yaakobi B, Shoup MJ. The Role of the Laboratory for Laser Energetics in the National Ignition Facility Project. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.13182/fst96-a11962988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. M. Soures
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics 250 East River Road Rochester New York 14623
| | - S. J. Loucks
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics 250 East River Road Rochester New York 14623
| | - R. L. McCrory
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics 250 East River Road Rochester New York 14623
| | - C. P. Verdon
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics 250 East River Road Rochester New York 14623
| | - A. Babushkin
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics 250 East River Road Rochester New York 14623
| | - R. E. Bahr
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics 250 East River Road Rochester New York 14623
| | - T. R. Boehly
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics 250 East River Road Rochester New York 14623
| | - R. Boni
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics 250 East River Road Rochester New York 14623
| | - D. K. Bradley
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics 250 East River Road Rochester New York 14623
| | - D. L. Brown
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics 250 East River Road Rochester New York 14623
| | - J. A. Delettrez
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics 250 East River Road Rochester New York 14623
| | - R. S. Craxton
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics 250 East River Road Rochester New York 14623
| | - W. R. Donaldson
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics 250 East River Road Rochester New York 14623
| | - R. Epstein
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics 250 East River Road Rochester New York 14623
| | - R. Gram
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics 250 East River Road Rochester New York 14623
| | - D. R. Harding
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics 250 East River Road Rochester New York 14623
| | - P. A. Jaanimagi
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics 250 East River Road Rochester New York 14623
| | - S. D. Jacobs
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics 250 East River Road Rochester New York 14623
| | - K. Kearney
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics 250 East River Road Rochester New York 14623
| | - R. L. Keck
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics 250 East River Road Rochester New York 14623
| | - J. H. Kelly
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics 250 East River Road Rochester New York 14623
| | - T. J. Kessler
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics 250 East River Road Rochester New York 14623
| | - R. L. Kremens
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics 250 East River Road Rochester New York 14623
| | - J. P. Knauer
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics 250 East River Road Rochester New York 14623
| | - S. A. Letzring
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics 250 East River Road Rochester New York 14623
| | - D. J. Lonobile
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics 250 East River Road Rochester New York 14623
| | - L. D. Lund
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics 250 East River Road Rochester New York 14623
| | - F. J. Marshall
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics 250 East River Road Rochester New York 14623
| | - P. W. McKenty
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics 250 East River Road Rochester New York 14623
| | - D. D. Meyerhofer
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics 250 East River Road Rochester New York 14623
| | - S. F. B. Morse
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics 250 East River Road Rochester New York 14623
| | - A. Okishev
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics 250 East River Road Rochester New York 14623
| | - S. Papernov
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics 250 East River Road Rochester New York 14623
| | - G. Pien
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics 250 East River Road Rochester New York 14623
| | - W. Seka
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics 250 East River Road Rochester New York 14623
| | - R. W. Short
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics 250 East River Road Rochester New York 14623
| | - M. D. Skeldon
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics 250 East River Road Rochester New York 14623
| | - S. Skupsky
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics 250 East River Road Rochester New York 14623
| | - A. W. Schmid
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics 250 East River Road Rochester New York 14623
| | - D. J. Smith
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics 250 East River Road Rochester New York 14623
| | - S. Swales
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics 250 East River Road Rochester New York 14623
| | - M. Wittman
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics 250 East River Road Rochester New York 14623
| | - B. Yaakobi
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics 250 East River Road Rochester New York 14623
| | - M. J. Shoup
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics 250 East River Road Rochester New York 14623
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14
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Regan SP, Goncharov VN, Sangster TC, Campbell EM, Betti R, Anderson KS, Bernat T, Bose A, Boehly TR, Bonino MJ, Cao D, Chapman R, Collins TJB, Craxton RS, Davis AK, Delettrez JA, Edgell DH, Epstein R, Farrell M, Forrest CJ, Frenje JA, Froula DH, Johnson MG, Gibson C, Glebov VY, Greenwood A, Harding DR, Hohenberger M, Hu SX, Huang H, Hund J, Igumenshchev IV, Jacobs-Perkins DW, Janezic RT, Karasik M, Keck RL, Kelly JH, Kessler TJ, Knauer JP, Kosc TZ, Loucks SJ, Marozas JA, Marshall FJ, McCrory RL, McKenty PW, Meyerhofer DD, Michel DT, Myatt JF, Obenschain SP, Petrasso RD, Petta N, Radha PB, Rosenberg MJ, Schmitt AJ, Schmitt MJ, Schoff M, Seka W, Shmayda WT, Shoup MJ, Shvydky A, Solodov AA, Stoeckl C, Sweet W, Taylor C, Taylor R, Theobald W, Ulreich J, Wittman MD, Woo KM, Zuegel JD. The National Direct-Drive Program: OMEGA to the National Ignition Facility. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/15361055.2017.1397487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. P. Regan
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York
| | - V. N. Goncharov
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York
| | - T. C. Sangster
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York
| | - E. M. Campbell
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York
| | - R. Betti
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York
| | - K. S. Anderson
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York
| | - T. Bernat
- Schafer Corporation, Livermore, California
| | - A. Bose
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York
| | - T. R. Boehly
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York
| | - M. J. Bonino
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York
| | - D. Cao
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York
| | - R. Chapman
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York
| | - T. J. B. Collins
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York
| | - R. S. Craxton
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York
| | - A. K. Davis
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York
| | - J. A. Delettrez
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York
| | - D. H. Edgell
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York
| | - R. Epstein
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York
| | | | - C. J. Forrest
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York
| | - J. A. Frenje
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - D. H. Froula
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York
| | - M. Gatu Johnson
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - C. Gibson
- General Atomics, San Diego, California
| | - V. Yu. Glebov
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York
| | | | - D. R. Harding
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York
| | - M. Hohenberger
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California
| | - S. X. Hu
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York
| | - H. Huang
- General Atomics, San Diego, California
| | - J. Hund
- Schafer Corporation, Livermore, California
| | - I. V. Igumenshchev
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York
| | | | - R. T. Janezic
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York
| | - M. Karasik
- Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - R. L. Keck
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York
| | - J. H. Kelly
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York
| | - T. J. Kessler
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York
| | - J. P. Knauer
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York
| | - T. Z. Kosc
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York
| | - S. J. Loucks
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York
| | - J. A. Marozas
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York
| | - F. J. Marshall
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York
| | - R. L. McCrory
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York
| | - P. W. McKenty
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York
| | | | - D. T. Michel
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York
| | - J. F. Myatt
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York
| | | | - R. D. Petrasso
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - N. Petta
- Schafer Corporation, Livermore, California
| | - P. B. Radha
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York
| | - M. J. Rosenberg
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York
| | - A. J. Schmitt
- Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - M. J. Schmitt
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico
| | - M. Schoff
- General Atomics, San Diego, California
| | - W. Seka
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York
| | - W. T. Shmayda
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York
| | - M. J. Shoup
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York
| | - A. Shvydky
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York
| | - A. A. Solodov
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York
| | - C. Stoeckl
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York
| | - W. Sweet
- General Atomics, San Diego, California
| | - C. Taylor
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York
| | - R. Taylor
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York
| | - W. Theobald
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York
| | - J. Ulreich
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York
| | - M. D. Wittman
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York
| | - K. M. Woo
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York
| | - J. D. Zuegel
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York
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15
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Harding DR, Ulreich J, Wittman MD, Chapman R, Taylor C, Taylor R, Redden NP, Lambropoulos JC, Gram RQ, Bonino MJ, Turner DW. Requirements and Capabilities for Fielding Cryogenic DT-Containing Fill-Tube Targets for Direct-Drive Experiments on OMEGA. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/15361055.2017.1374812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. R. Harding
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road., Rochester, New York 14623-1299
| | - J. Ulreich
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road., Rochester, New York 14623-1299
| | - M. D. Wittman
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road., Rochester, New York 14623-1299
| | - R. Chapman
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road., Rochester, New York 14623-1299
| | - C. Taylor
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road., Rochester, New York 14623-1299
| | - R. Taylor
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road., Rochester, New York 14623-1299
| | - N. P. Redden
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road., Rochester, New York 14623-1299
| | - J. C. Lambropoulos
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road., Rochester, New York 14623-1299
| | - R. Q. Gram
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road., Rochester, New York 14623-1299
| | - M. J. Bonino
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road., Rochester, New York 14623-1299
| | - D. W. Turner
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road., Rochester, New York 14623-1299
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16
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Tsai FY, Harding DR, Chen SH, Blanton TN, Alfonso EL. Effects of Processing Conditions on the Quality and Properties of Vapor-Deposited Polyimide Shells. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst02-a17896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F.-Y. Tsai
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623-1299 (716) 275-9522
- Also the Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Rochester
| | - D. R. Harding
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623-1299 (716) 275-9522
- Also the Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Rochester
| | - S. H. Chen
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623-1299 (716) 275-9522
- Also the Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Rochester
| | - T. N. Blanton
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623-1299 (716) 275-9522
- Also the Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Rochester
- Eastman Kodak Company, Research and Development Laboratories, Rochester, New York 14650-2106
| | - E. L. Alfonso
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623-1299 (716) 275-9522
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17
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Affiliation(s)
- E. L. Alfonso
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics University of Rochester, 250 East River Road Rochester, NY 14623-1299 (716) 275-9522
| | - I. Anteby
- Nuclear Research Center Negev, P. O. Box 9001, Israel 84190
| | - D. R. Harding
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics University of Rochester, 250 East River Road Rochester, NY 14623-1299 (716) 275-9522
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18
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Tsai FY, Alfonso EL, Chen SH, Harding DR. Mechanical Properties and Gas Permeability of Polyimide Shells Fabricated by the Vapor Deposition Method. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst00-a36121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F.-Y. Tsai
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics University of Rochester, 250 East River Road Rochester, NY 14623-1299 (716) 275-9522
| | - E. L. Alfonso
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics University of Rochester, 250 East River Road Rochester, NY 14623-1299 (716) 275-9522
| | - S.-H. Chen
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics University of Rochester, 250 East River Road Rochester, NY 14623-1299 (716) 275-9522
| | - D. R. Harding
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics University of Rochester, 250 East River Road Rochester, NY 14623-1299 (716) 275-9522
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19
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Edgell DH, Craxton RS, Elasky LM, Harding DR, Iwan LS, Keck RL, Lund LD, Verbridge SJ, Wittman MD, Warrick A, Brown T, Seka W. Three-Dimensional Characterization of Cryogenic Target Ice Layers Using Multiple Shadowgraph Views. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst49-616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. H. Edgell
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 240 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623-12
| | - R. S. Craxton
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 240 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623-12
| | - L. M. Elasky
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 240 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623-12
| | - D. R. Harding
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 240 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623-12
| | - L. S. Iwan
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 240 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623-12
| | - R. L. Keck
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 240 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623-12
| | - L. D. Lund
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 240 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623-12
| | - S. J. Verbridge
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 240 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623-12
| | - M. D. Wittman
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 240 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623-12
| | - A. Warrick
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 240 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623-12
| | - T. Brown
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 240 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623-12
| | - W. Seka
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 240 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623-12
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20
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Edgell DH, Craxton RS, Elasky LM, Harding DR, Verbridge SJ, Wittman MD, Seka W. Three-Dimensional Characterization of Spherical Cryogenic Targets Using Ray-Trace Analysis of Multiple Shadowgraph Views. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst07-a1469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. H. Edgell
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester New York 14623-1299
| | - R. S. Craxton
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester New York 14623-1299
| | - L. M. Elasky
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester New York 14623-1299
| | - D. R. Harding
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester New York 14623-1299
| | - S. J. Verbridge
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester New York 14623-1299
| | - M. D. Wittman
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester New York 14623-1299
| | - W. Seka
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester New York 14623-1299
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21
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Shmayda WT, Loucks SJ, Janezic R, Duffy TW, Harding DR, Lund LD. Tritium Operations at the Laboratory for Laser Energetics. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst06-a1213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W. T. Shmayda
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York, 14623
| | - S. J. Loucks
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York, 14623
| | - R. Janezic
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York, 14623
| | - T. W. Duffy
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York, 14623
| | - D. R. Harding
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York, 14623
| | - L. D. Lund
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York, 14623
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22
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Affiliation(s)
- A. K. Knight
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester 240 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623-1299
| | - D. R. Harding
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester 240 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623-1299
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23
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Wang W, Jones TB, Harding DR. On-Chip Double Emulsion Droplet Assembly Using Electrowetting-on-Dielectric and Dielectrophoresis. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst59-240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W. Wang
- University of Rochester, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rochester, New York 14627
| | - T. B. Jones
- University of Rochester, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rochester, New York 14627
| | - D. R. Harding
- University of Rochester, Department of Chemical Engineering, Rochester, New York 14627
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24
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Harding DR, Sangster TC, Meyerhofer DD, McKenty PW, Lund LD, Elasky L, Wittman MD, Seka W, Loucks SJ, Janezic R, Hinterman TH, Edgell DH, Jacobs-Perkins D, Gram RQ. Producing Cryogenic Deuterium Targets for Experiments on OMEGA. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst05-a1079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. R. Harding
- University of Rochester Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299
| | - T. C. Sangster
- University of Rochester Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299
| | - D. D. Meyerhofer
- University of Rochester Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299
| | - P. W. McKenty
- University of Rochester Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299
| | - L. D. Lund
- University of Rochester Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299
| | - L. Elasky
- University of Rochester Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299
| | - M. D. Wittman
- University of Rochester Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299
| | - W. Seka
- University of Rochester Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299
| | - S. J. Loucks
- University of Rochester Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299
| | - R. Janezic
- University of Rochester Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299
| | - T. H. Hinterman
- University of Rochester Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299
| | - D. H. Edgell
- University of Rochester Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299
| | - D. Jacobs-Perkins
- University of Rochester Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299
| | - R. Q. Gram
- University of Rochester Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299
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25
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Knight AK, Tsai FY, Bonino MJ, Harding DR. Suitability of Different Polyimide Capsule Materials for Use as ICF Targets. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst04-a448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. K. Knight
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester 250 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623-1299 phone: (585) 275-4834
| | - F.-Y. Tsai
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester 250 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623-1299 phone: (585) 275-4834
| | - M. J. Bonino
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester 250 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623-1299 phone: (585) 275-4834
| | - D. R. Harding
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester 250 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623-1299 phone: (585) 275-4834
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26
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Viza ND, Romanofsky MH, Moynihan MJ, Harding DR. The Effects of a Surfactant on the Operation of T-Junctions for Mass-Producing Foam Targets. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst15-216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. D. Viza
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623
| | - M. H. Romanofsky
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623
| | - M. J. Moynihan
- Filtration Technology Corporation, 11883 Cutton Road, Houston, Texas 77066
| | - D. R. Harding
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623
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27
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Bernat TP, Petta N, Kozioziemski B, Shin SJ, Harding DR. Zinc-Nucleated D2 and H2 Crystal Formation from Their Liquids. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst15-223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. P. Bernat
- Schafer Livermore Laboratory, 303 Lindbergh Avenue, Livermore, California 94551
| | - N. Petta
- Schafer Livermore Laboratory, 303 Lindbergh Avenue, Livermore, California 94551
| | - B. Kozioziemski
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California
| | - S. J. Shin
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California
| | - D. R. Harding
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 E. River Road, Rochester, New York 14623
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28
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Harding DR, Whitaker D, Fella C. Growth of a Solid D-T Crystal from the Liquid inside Inertial Confinement Fusion Targets. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst15-211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. R. Harding
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299
| | - D. Whitaker
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299
| | - C. Fella
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299
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29
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Shmayda WT, Harding DR, Versteeg VA, Kingsley C, Hallgren M, Loucks SJ. Micron-Scaled Defects on Cryogenic Targets: An Assessment of Condensate Sources. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst13-a16325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W. T. Shmayda
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road Rochester, New York 14623-1299
| | - D. R. Harding
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road Rochester, New York 14623-1299
| | - V. A. Versteeg
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road Rochester, New York 14623-1299
| | - C. Kingsley
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road Rochester, New York 14623-1299
| | - M. Hallgren
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road Rochester, New York 14623-1299
| | - S. J. Loucks
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road Rochester, New York 14623-1299
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30
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Affiliation(s)
- D. R. Harding
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road Rochester, New York 14623-1299
| | - W. T. Shmayda
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road Rochester, New York 14623-1299
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31
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Harding DR, Wittman MD, Edgell DH. Considerations and Requirements for Providing Cryogenic Targets for Direct-Drive Inertial Fusion Implosions at the National Ignition Facility. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst13-a16326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. R. Harding
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road Rochester, New York 14623-1299
| | - M. D. Wittman
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road Rochester, New York 14623-1299
| | - D. H. Edgell
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road Rochester, New York 14623-1299
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32
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Chock BP, Jones TB, Harding DR. Effect of a Surfactant on the Electric-Field Assembly of Oil-Water Emulsions for Making Foam Targets. Fusion Science and Technology 2016. [DOI: 10.13182/fst15-215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B. P. Chock
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299
| | - T. B. Jones
- University of Rochester, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rochester, New York 14623-1299
| | - D. R. Harding
- University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299
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Regan SP, Goncharov VN, Igumenshchev IV, Sangster TC, Betti R, Bose A, Boehly TR, Bonino MJ, Campbell EM, Cao D, Collins TJB, Craxton RS, Davis AK, Delettrez JA, Edgell DH, Epstein R, Forrest CJ, Frenje JA, Froula DH, Gatu Johnson M, Glebov VY, Harding DR, Hohenberger M, Hu SX, Jacobs-Perkins D, Janezic R, Karasik M, Keck RL, Kelly JH, Kessler TJ, Knauer JP, Kosc TZ, Loucks SJ, Marozas JA, Marshall FJ, McCrory RL, McKenty PW. Publisher's Note: Demonstration of Fuel Hot-Spot Pressure in Excess of 50 Gbar for Direct-Drive, Layered Deuterium-Tritium Implosions on OMEGA [Phys. Rev. Lett. 117, 025001 (2016)]. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 117:059903. [PMID: 27517797 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.059903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This corrects the article DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.117.025001.
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Regan SP, Goncharov VN, Igumenshchev IV, Sangster TC, Betti R, Bose A, Boehly TR, Bonino MJ, Campbell EM, Cao D, Collins TJB, Craxton RS, Davis AK, Delettrez JA, Edgell DH, Epstein R, Forrest CJ, Frenje JA, Froula DH, Gatu Johnson M, Glebov VY, Harding DR, Hohenberger M, Hu SX, Jacobs-Perkins D, Janezic R, Karasik M, Keck RL, Kelly JH, Kessler TJ, Knauer JP, Kosc TZ, Loucks SJ, Marozas JA, Marshall FJ, McCrory RL, McKenty PW, Meyerhofer DD, Michel DT, Myatt JF, Obenschain SP, Petrasso RD, Radha PB, Rice B, Rosenberg MJ, Schmitt AJ, Schmitt MJ, Seka W, Shmayda WT, Shoup MJ, Shvydky A, Skupsky S, Solodov AA, Stoeckl C, Theobald W, Ulreich J, Wittman MD, Woo KM, Yaakobi B, Zuegel JD. Demonstration of Fuel Hot-Spot Pressure in Excess of 50 Gbar for Direct-Drive, Layered Deuterium-Tritium Implosions on OMEGA. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 117:025001. [PMID: 27447511 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.025001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A record fuel hot-spot pressure P_{hs}=56±7 Gbar was inferred from x-ray and nuclear diagnostics for direct-drive inertial confinement fusion cryogenic, layered deuterium-tritium implosions on the 60-beam, 30-kJ, 351-nm OMEGA Laser System. When hydrodynamically scaled to the energy of the National Ignition Facility, these implosions achieved a Lawson parameter ∼60% of the value required for ignition [A. Bose et al., Phys. Rev. E 93, 011201(R) (2016)], similar to indirect-drive implosions [R. Betti et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 255003 (2015)], and nearly half of the direct-drive ignition-threshold pressure. Relative to symmetric, one-dimensional simulations, the inferred hot-spot pressure is approximately 40% lower. Three-dimensional simulations suggest that low-mode distortion of the hot spot seeded by laser-drive nonuniformity and target-positioning error reduces target performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Regan
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - V N Goncharov
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - I V Igumenshchev
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - T C Sangster
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - R Betti
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
- Fusion Science Center, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - A Bose
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
- Fusion Science Center, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - T R Boehly
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - M J Bonino
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - E M Campbell
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - D Cao
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - T J B Collins
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - R S Craxton
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - A K Davis
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - J A Delettrez
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - D H Edgell
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - R Epstein
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - C J Forrest
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - J A Frenje
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - D H Froula
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - M Gatu Johnson
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - V Yu Glebov
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - D R Harding
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - M Hohenberger
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - S X Hu
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - D Jacobs-Perkins
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - R Janezic
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - M Karasik
- Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. 20375, USA
| | - R L Keck
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - J H Kelly
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - T J Kessler
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - J P Knauer
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - T Z Kosc
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - S J Loucks
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - J A Marozas
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - F J Marshall
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - R L McCrory
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - P W McKenty
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - D D Meyerhofer
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - D T Michel
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - J F Myatt
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | | | - R D Petrasso
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - P B Radha
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - B Rice
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - M J Rosenberg
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - A J Schmitt
- Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. 20375, USA
| | - M J Schmitt
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - W Seka
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - W T Shmayda
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - M J Shoup
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - A Shvydky
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - S Skupsky
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - A A Solodov
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - C Stoeckl
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - W Theobald
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - J Ulreich
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - M D Wittman
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - K M Woo
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
- Fusion Science Center, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - B Yaakobi
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - J D Zuegel
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
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Sangster TC, Goncharov VN, Radha PB, Smalyuk VA, Betti R, Craxton RS, Delettrez JA, Edgell DH, Glebov VY, Harding DR, Jacobs-Perkins D, Knauer JP, Marshall FJ, McCrory RL, McKenty PW, Meyerhofer DD, Regan SP, Seka W, Short RW, Skupsky S, Soures JM, Stoeckl C, Yaakobi B, Shvarts D, Frenje JA, Li CK, Petrasso RD, Séguin FH. High-areal-density fuel assembly in direct-drive cryogenic implosions. Phys Rev Lett 2008; 100:185006. [PMID: 18518386 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.100.185006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2007] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The first observation of ignition-relevant areal-density deuterium from implosions of capsules with cryogenic fuel layers at ignition-relevant adiabats is reported. The experiments were performed on the 60-beam, 30-kJUV OMEGA Laser System [T. R. Boehly, Opt. Commun. 133, 495 (1997)10.1016/S0030-4018(96)00325-2]. Neutron-averaged areal densities of 202+/-7 mg/cm2 and 182+/-7 mg/cm2 (corresponding to estimated peak fuel densities in excess of 100 g/cm3) were inferred using an 18-kJ direct-drive pulse designed to put the converging fuel on an adiabat of 2.5. These areal densities are in good agreement with the predictions of hydrodynamic simulations indicating that the fuel adiabat can be accurately controlled under ignition-relevant conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- T C Sangster
- Laboratory For Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, New York 14623-1299, USA
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Harding DR, Humphries SE, Whitelaw A, Marlow N, Montgomery HE. Cognitive outcome and cyclo-oxygenase-2 gene (-765 G/C) variation in the preterm infant. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 2007; 92:F108-12. [PMID: 16905570 PMCID: PMC2675468 DOI: 10.1136/adc.2006.099499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyclo-oxygenase (COX) inhibition by indomethacin does not result in an improvement in long-term neurocognitive outcome, despite reducing the incidence of both severe intraventricular haemorrhage and white matter injury visible on ultrasound. Diffuse brain injury after preterm birth may have inflammatory origins. These two points suggest that, in the preterm brain, COX inhibition may have a dominant proinflammatory or neuropathological role. The inducible form of the COX2 gene is polymorphic: the -765 C (rather than G) variant of the gene is associated with reduced COX2 activity. OBJECTIVE To test the hypothesis that the C allele of COX2 is associated with worse neurodevelopmental outcomes after premature birth. OUTCOMES Cerebral palsy, disability, Griffith's developmental quotient at 2 years and British Ability Scales-11 general cognitive ability and motor performance (movement assessment battery for children) at 5(1/2) years were compared with COX2 genotype. RESULTS The C allele (GC 65 (31%), CC 3 (1%)) was independently associated with worse cognitive performance at 2 and 5(1/2) years: C allele mean (SEM) developmental quotient 92.7 (1.7), v GG 97.6 (1.5), p = 0.039; C allele mean (SEM) general cognitive ability, 94.3 (2.2) v GG 100.9 (1.7), p = 0.028. CONCLUSION An antineuropathological role for COX2 in the preterm brain may help account for the lack of effect of indomethacin treatment in improving neurocognitive outcomes in children born preterm, despite reported reduction in apparent brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R Harding
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University of Bristol, D level, St Michael's Hospital, Bristol BS2 8EG, UK.
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Bishop CA, Meyer LJ, Harding DR, Hancock WS, Hearn MTW. The Preparative Separation of Synthetic Peptides on Reversed-Phase Silica Packed in Radially Compressed Flexible-Walled Columns.+. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/01483918108059963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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McCrory RL, Meyerhofer DD, Loucks SJ, Skupsky S, Betti R, Boehly TR, Collins TJ, Craxton RS, Delettrez JA, Edgell DH, Epstein R, Fletcher KA, Freeman C, Frenje JA, Glebov VY, Goncharov VN, Harding DR, Igumenshchev IV, Keck RL, Kilkenny JD, Knauer JP, Li CK, Marciante J, Marozas JA, Marshall FJ, Maximov AV, McKenty PW, Morse SF, Myatt J, Padalino S, Petrasso RD, Radha PB, Regan SP, Sangster TC, Séguin FH, Seka W, Smalyuk VA, Soures JM, Stoeckl C, Yaakobi B, Zuegel JD. Progress in direct-drive inertial confinement fusion research at the laboratory for laser energetics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1051/jp4:2006133013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Alfonso EL, Gram RQ, Harding DR. Modeling Temperature and Pressure Gradients during Cooling of Thin-Walled Cryogenic Targets. Fusion Science and Technology 2004. [DOI: 10.13182/fst04-a454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. L. Alfonso
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623-1299 (585) 273-2678
| | - R. Q. Gram
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623-1299 (585) 273-2678
| | - D. R. Harding
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 250 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623-1299 (585) 273-2678
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Brunnader
- Canadian Tritium Technology Inc (CTTi), 2333 Wyecroft Road, Oakville, L6L6L4, Canada †Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 2 5 0 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623-1299
| | - W. T. Shmayda
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 2 5 0 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623-1299
| | - D. R. Harding
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 2 5 0 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623-1299
| | - L. D. Lund
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 2 5 0 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623-1299
| | - R. Janezic
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, 2 5 0 East River Road, Rochester, NY 14623-1299
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Abstract
The role of chromatography in capture is reviewed in terms of the special requirements imposed by the processing of very crude feedstocks. Adsorption methods which are not significantly affected by variations of feedstock ionic strength are highlighted. Methods are compared in terms of simplicity, robustness, selectivity and ease of elution. The application of such methods to enzyme and antibody purifications is summarised. Particular emphasis is placed on high ligand density methods, which have potential for broad-spectrum application.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Burton
- Biochemical Recovery Group, Centre for Bioprocess Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
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Shantha KL, Harding DR. Preparation and in-vitro evaluation of poly[N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone-polyethylene glycol diacrylate]-chitosan interpolymeric pH-responsive hydrogels for oral drug delivery. Int J Pharm 2000; 207:65-70. [PMID: 11036231 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-5173(00)00533-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Biocompatible and biodegradable pH-responsive hydrogels based on N-vinyl pyrrolidone (NVP), polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PAC) and chitosan were prepared for controlled drug delivery. These interpolymeric hydrogels were synthesized by a free radical polymerization technique using azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as initiator and N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide (BIS) as crosslinker. These hydrogels were subjected to equilibrium swelling studies in enzyme-free simulated gastric and intestinal fluids (SGF and SIF). These swelling studies clearly indicated that these hydrogels were swollen more in SGF when compared to SIF. Theophylline and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) were entrapped into these hydrogels and equilibrium-swelling studies were carried out for the drug-entrapped gels in enzyme-free SGF and SIF. The in-vitro release profiles of the drugs were established in enzyme-free SGF. More than 50% of the entrapped drugs were released in the first 2 h at gastric pH and the rest of the drug release was slower.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L Shantha
- Chemistry, Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the toxicity, animal behavioural effects and animal welfare implications of 3-nitropropionic acid administration in possums. METHODS The behavioural effects following 3-nitropropionic acid administration were recorded in 26 possums. RESULTS The oral LD50 was between 110 and 170 mg/kg. Time to death averaged 9.5+/-1.9 h (mean+/-s.e.m.). Adverse signs from an animal welfare perspective were retching and restless behaviour that occurred in episodes during a period that averaged 1 h 51 min. Retching occurred in possums that were injected intraperitoneally or dosed orally with the 3-nitropropionic acid, suggesting that this effect was not necessarily initiated by gastric irritation. CONCLUSION The potency of 3-nitropropionic acid as a toxin was low compared to other toxins that are used in possums, but it is relatively quick acting. It may cause some discomfort (retching and restlessness) prior to death.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. L. Alfonso
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics University of Rochester 250 East River Road Rochester, NY 14623-1299 (716) 275-5101
| | - F.-Y. Tsai
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics University of Rochester 250 East River Road Rochester, NY 14623-1299 (716) 275-5101
| | - S.-H. Chen
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics University of Rochester 250 East River Road Rochester, NY 14623-1299 (716) 275-5101
| | - R. Q. Gram
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics University of Rochester 250 East River Road Rochester, NY 14623-1299 (716) 275-5101
| | - D. R. Harding
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics University of Rochester 250 East River Road Rochester, NY 14623-1299 (716) 275-5101
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Abstract
A new form of protein chromatography, hydrophobic charge induction, is described. Matrices prepared by attachment of weak acid and base ligands were uncharged at absorption pH. At low ligand densities, protein adsorption was typically promoted with lyotropic salts. At higher ligand densities, chymosin, chymotrypsinogen and lysozyme were adsorbed independently of ionic strength. A pH change released the electrostatic potential of the matrix and weakened hydrophobic interactions, inducing elution. Matrix hydrophobicity and titration range could be matched to protein requirements by ligand choice and density. Both adsorption and elution could be carried out within the pH 5-9 range.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Burton
- Department of Chemistry, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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Reid JR, Coolbear T, Moore CH, Harding DR, Pritchard GG. Involvement of enzyme-substrate charge interactions in the caseinolytic specificity of lactococcal cell envelope-associated proteinases. Appl Environ Microbiol 1995; 61:3934-9. [PMID: 8526506 PMCID: PMC167699 DOI: 10.1128/aem.61.11.3934-3939.1995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Three series of oligopeptides were synthesized to investigate the proposal that a major factor in determining the differences in specificity of the lactococcal cell surface-associated proteinases against caseins is the interactions between charged amino acids in the substrate and in the enzyme. The sequences of the oligopeptides were based on two regions of kappa-casein (residues 98 to 111 and 153 to 169) which show markedly different susceptibilities to PI- and PIII-type lactococcal proteinases. In each series, one oligopeptide had an identical sequence to that of the kappa-casein region, while in the others, one or more charged residues were substituted by an amino acid of opposite charge, i.e., His<-->Glu. Generally, substitution of His by Glu in the oligopeptides corresponding to residues 98 to 111 of kappa-casein resulted in reduced cleavage of susceptible bonds by the PI-type proteinase and increased cleavage of susceptible bonds by the PIII-type proteinase. In the case of the oligopeptide corresponding to residues 153 to 169 of kappa-casein, one major cleavage site was evident, and the bond was hydrolyzed by both types of proteinase (even though this sequence in kappa-casein itself is extremely resistant to the PI-type enzyme). Substitution of Glu by His in this oligopeptide, even in the P7 position, resulted in increased cleavage of the bond by the PI-type proteinase and reduced cleavage by the PIII-type proteinase. C-terminal truncation of this oligopeptide resulted in a 100-fold decrease in the rate of hydrolysis of the susceptible bond and a change in the pattern of cleavage.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Reid
- New Zealand Dairy Research Institute, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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Taylor GJ, Yorke SC, Harding DR. Glycosaminoglycan specificity of a heparin-binding peptide. Pept Res 1995; 8:286-93. [PMID: 8589551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Glycosaminoglycans are complex sulfated polysaccharides with a diverse range of biological functions. Three glycosaminoglycan standards--chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate and heparin--were characterized during this study. The interaction of the heparin binding site of protein C inhibitor, represented by the peptide sequence 264-283, in solution with the above glycosaminoglycan standards was studied. Circular dichroism spectroscopy was used to determine the dominant secondary structure induced in the peptide upon binding the relevant glycosaminoglycans. The various glycosaminoglycans induced different secondary structures. The level of induced secondary structure by dermatan sulfate and heparin was approximately twice that induced by chondroitin sulfate. For chondroitin sulfate and heparin, alpha-helix was the dominant ordered secondary structure, whereas for dermatan sulfate the beta-strand conformation dominated. The order of secondary structure induction of the protein C inhibitor peptide by the glycosaminoglycans paralleled the reported biological activities of these glycosaminoglycans for mediation of the biological activity in the intact protein. The strength of the interaction of dermatan sulfate and heparin with the protein C inhibitor peptide was measured by determining the concentration of salt required to inhibit 50% of the interaction. The values determined were 0.1 and 0.3 M salt for dermatan sulfate and heparin, respectively. These results show that different glycosaminoglycans can support different secondary structures in the protein C inhibitor peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- G J Taylor
- Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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48
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Englebretsen DR, Harding DR. High yield, directed immobilization of a peptide-ligand onto a beaded cellulose support. Pept Res 1994; 7:322-326. [PMID: 7888714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Aminopropyl derivatized Perloza beaded cellulose was acylated with alpha-bromoacetic anhydride to give alpha-bromo-acetamidopropyl Perloza. (N-Acetyl)-Cys-Ser-Tyr-Gly-Leu-Arg-Pro-Gly-NH2, the 7 C-terminal amino acids of the decapeptide luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone with a cysteine added to the N-terminus, was synthesized using Fmoc chemistry. The purified peptide (1.35-1.9 eq) was coupled to alpha-bromoacetamidopropyl Perloza in 0.1 M NaHCO3 solution, pH 8.3, for 1-2 hours. The peptide was anchored to the support via a thioether linkage. Analysis of the peptide-Perloza conjugate indicated near-quantitative displacement of support-bound bromine by the peptide. The peptidic affinity matrix was able to bind ovine antibodies to luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH). Thioether immobilization offers directed, chemically stable, high-yield anchoring of synthetic peptides onto a chromatographic support. The high reaction efficiency means there is little waste of valuable synthetic peptide.
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49
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Cull RM, Jones BR, Harding DR, Nulsen MF. Humoral immunity in cats infected with feline immunodeficiency virus or leukaemia virus. N Z Vet J 1994; 42:148-50. [PMID: 16031766 DOI: 10.1080/00480169.1994.35806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The humoral antibody responses of 82 domestic cats to the common commensal bacteria Pasteurella multocida and Staphylococcus aureus were measured by an indirect immunofluorescence assay to give a subjective quantification of specific IgG in serum. There was no significant difference in specific serum IgG levels between sick cats which tested antibody-positive to feline immunodeficiency virus or antigen-positive to feline leukaemia virus and sick, virus-negative cats. This finding suggested that there was no change in immune status, as measured by this method, in both feline leukemia and feline immunodeficiency virus infections, although, based on clinical signs shown by the virus-positive cats, overall immunosuppression was indicated. Feline immunodeficiency virus and feline leukemia virus infection may have an effect on cellular immunity, as is the case with human immunodeficiency virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Cull
- The Centre for Protein and Enzyme Technology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
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Abstract
We have previously shown that thrombin reverses the growth inhibition caused in human fibroblasts when a cell-surface proteinase is inhibited. A similar result was obtained with a synthetic thrombin receptor agonist peptide, which mimics the conformational change resulting from receptor cleavage by thrombin. Consideration of the effects of the growth-related proteinase on intracellular second messengers indicates that cleavage of the thrombin receptor by this endogenous proteinase is not a significant event for normal fibroblast growth in culture. Inhibition of the growth-related proteinase also fails to block the mitogenic action of bombesin. In conjunction with earlier results, this suggests that the intracellular point of action of GRP inhibition may be at, or closely connected with, the receptor-linked tyrosine kinases, and evidence for inhibition of protein phosphorylation following from GRP inhibition is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Borich
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, New Zealand
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