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Petracca M, Palladino R, Droby A, Kurz D, Graziano N, Wang K, Riley C, Howard J, Klineova S, Lublin F, Inglese M. Disability outcomes in early-stage African American and White people with multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2023; 69:104413. [PMID: 36399964 PMCID: PMC9892256 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2022.104413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Factors driving differences in disease burden between African American and White people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) remain unclear. Here, we explored whether differences in disability outcomes could be observed after controlling for major sociodemographic factors and comorbidities, and assessed the presence of a possible interaction between MS and race. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 120 pwMS within 6 years from disease onset and 82 healthy controls between 18 and 70 years of age, self-identified as either African American or White, were prospectively enrolled. Inclusion criteria for pwMS were: diagnosis of MS according to the revised McDonald criteria, relapsing-remitting phenotype and Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) < 6.5. Study outcomes included: (i) global disability (EDSS); (ii) quantitative mobility and leg function (Timed 25 Foot Walk Test-T25FWT); (iii) quantitative finger dexterity (9-Hole Peg Test-9HPT); (iv) cognitive efficiency and speed performance (Symbol Digit Modalities Test-SDMT). Differences in disability outcomes were assessed employing multivariable linear regression models. Based on their association with MS or disability, covariates included age, gender, race, years of education, total income, body mass index, comorbidities. The interaction between MS and race on disability outcomes was estimated via relative excess risk of interaction and attributable proportion. RESULTS Accounting for age, gender, total income, education, body mass index and comorbidities, African American pwMS showed significantly worse performances in manual dexterity and cognition than White pwMS (White pwMS coeff. 3.24, 95% CI 1.55, 4.92 vs African American pwMS coeff. 5.52, 95% CI 3.55, 7.48 and White pwMS coeff. -5.87, 95% CI -8.86, -2.87 vs African American pwMS coeff. -7.99, 95% CI -11.58,-4.38). MS and race independently contributed to the observed gradient in disability severity. CONCLUSIONS Complex social disparities and systemic racism might contribute to clinical heterogeneity in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Petracca
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaele Palladino
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Amgad Droby
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Daniel Kurz
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nicole Graziano
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Katherine Wang
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Claire Riley
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jonathan Howard
- Department of Neurology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sylvia Klineova
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Fred Lublin
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Matilde Inglese
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; DINOGMI, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Ospedale Policlinico San Martino-IRCSS, Genoa, Italy.
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Bruns N, Willemsen L, Stang A, Kowall B, Holtkamp K, Kamp O, Dudda M, Hey F, Hoffmann F, Blankenburg J, Eifinger F, Fuchs H, Haase R, Baier J, Andrée C, Heldmann M, Maldera V, Potratz J, Kurz D, Mand N, Doerfel C, Rothoeft T, Schultz M, Ohlert M, Silkenbäumer K, Boesing T, Indraswari F, Niemann F, Jahn P, Merker M, Braun N, Nunez FB, Engler M, Heimann K, Brasche M, Wolf G, Freymann H, Dercks M, Hoppenz M, Felderhoff-Müser U, Dohna-Schwake C. Pediatric ICU Admissions After Adolescent Suicide Attempts During the Pandemic. Pediatrics 2022; 150:187005. [PMID: 35534988 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2021-055973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The worldwide severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 pandemic challenges adolescents' mental health. In this study, we aim to compare the number of pediatric ICU (PICU) admissions after suicide attempts during the first German lockdown and one year later during a second, prolonged lockdown with prepandemic years. METHODS A retrospective multicenter study was conducted among 27 German PICUs. Cases <18 years admitted to the PICU because of accidents or injuries between March 16 and May 31 of 2017 to 2021 were identified based on International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision codes (German modification) and patient data entered into a database. This study is a subset analysis on suicide attempts in adolescents aged 12 to 17.9 years. The Federal Statistics Office was queried for data on fatal suicides, which were available only for 2020 in adolescents aged 10 to 17.9 years. RESULTS Total admissions and suicide attempts declined during the first lockdown in 2020 (standardized morbidity ratio 0.74 (95% confidence interval; 0.58-0.92) and 0.69 (0.43-1.04), respectively) and increased in 2021 (standardized morbidity ratio 2.14 [1.86-2.45] and 2.84 [2.29-3.49], respectively). Fatal suicide rates remained stable between 2017 to 2019 and 2020 (1.57 vs 1.48 per 100 000 adolescent years) with monthly numbers showing no clear trend during the course of 2020. CONCLUSIONS This study shows a strong increase in serious suicide attempts among adolescents during the course of the pandemic in Germany. More research is needed to understand the relation between pandemic prevention measures and suicidal ideation to help implement mental health support for adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Bruns
- Department of Pediatrics I, Pediatric Intensive Care Medicine
| | - Lea Willemsen
- Department of Pediatrics I, Pediatric Intensive Care Medicine
| | - Andreas Stang
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology
| | - Bernd Kowall
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology
| | | | - Oliver Kamp
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Medicine Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Marcel Dudda
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Medicine Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Florian Hey
- Pediatric Clinic and Pediatric Polyclinic at the Dr. von Haunerschen Children's Hospital, Interdisciplinary pediatric ICU - Pediatric Emergency Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Florian Hoffmann
- Pediatric Clinic and Pediatric Polyclinic at the Dr. von Haunerschen Children's Hospital, Interdisciplinary pediatric ICU - Pediatric Emergency Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Judith Blankenburg
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Dresden, University of Technology Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Frank Eifinger
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Hans Fuchs
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Roland Haase
- Department of Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Halle, University of Halle, Halle, Germany
| | - Jan Baier
- Department of Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Halle, University of Halle, Halle, Germany
| | - Clemens Andrée
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Intensive Care Medicine, Helios Hospital Krefeld, Krefeld, Germany
| | - Michael Heldmann
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Intensive Care Medicine, Helios University Hospital Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Vanessa Maldera
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Intensive Care Medicine, Helios University Hospital Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Jenny Potratz
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital, Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Daniel Kurz
- Department of Pediatrics 3, Pediatric Cardiology, Pediatric Intensive Care Medicine, Olgahospital Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Nadine Mand
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Marburg, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Claus Doerfel
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Jena, University of Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Tobias Rothoeft
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Intensive Care Medicine, Catholic Hospital Bochum, Ruhr-University of Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Michel Schultz
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Intensive Care Medicine, Catholic Hospital Bochum, Ruhr-University of Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Manuel Ohlert
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Intensive Care Medicine, Community Hospital Koblenz, Koblenz, Germany
| | - Katrin Silkenbäumer
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Intensive Care Medicine, Protestant Hospital Bethel, University of Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Thomas Boesing
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Intensive Care Medicine, Protestant Hospital Bethel, University of Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Fithri Indraswari
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Intensive Care Medicine, Hospital Fulda, Fulda, Germany
| | - Frank Niemann
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Intensive Care Medicine, Bergmannsheil and Pediatric Hospital Buer, Gelsenkirchen, Germany
| | - Peter Jahn
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Intensive Care Medicine, Hospital Leverkusen gGmbH, Leverkusen, Germany
| | - Michael Merker
- Department for Children and Adolescents, Division for Stem Cell Transplantation, Immunology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Nicole Braun
- Clinic of Pediatric Surgery, Klinikum Ernst von Bergmann, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Francisco Brevis Nunez
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Intensive Care Medicine, Sana Hospitals Duisburg, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Engler
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Intensive Care Medicine, Sana Hospital Offenbach, Offenbach, Germany
| | - Konrad Heimann
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Milian Brasche
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Gerhard Wolf
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Intensive Care Medicine, Hospital of Traunstein, Southeast Bavaria Hospitals, Traunstein, Germany
| | - Holger Freymann
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Intensive Care Medicine, Florence Nightingale Hospital, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Martin Dercks
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Intensive Care Medicine, Clemenshospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Marc Hoppenz
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Intensive Care Medicine, Cologne Hospitals, Children's Hospital Amsterdamer Str., Cologne, Germany
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Kurz D, McCrea-Robertson S, Nelson-Brantley H, Befort C. Rural engagement in primary care for optimizing weight reduction (REPOWER): A mixed methods study of patient perceptions. Patient Educ Couns 2022; 105:2371-2381. [PMID: 34865892 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2021.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report on patients' satisfaction and experience of care across three different modes of weight loss counseling. METHODS 1407 patients with obesity in the rural Midwest were enrolled to a 2-year weight management trial through their primary care practice and assigned to one of three treatment conditions: in-clinic individual, in-clinic group, phone group counseling. Patients completed surveys assessing seven domains of satisfaction and experience of care at 6 and 24-months. Post-treatment interviews were conducted to add context to survey responses. RESULTS 1295 (92.0%) and 1230 (87.4%) completed surveys at 6 and 24-months, respectively. Patients in phone group counseling reported lower satisfaction than patients who received in-clinic group or in-clinic individual counseling across all domains at 6-months and five out of seven domains at 24-months. Interviews revealed that patients were more satisfied when they received face-to-face counseling and had meaningful interactions with their primary care provider (PCP) about their weight. CONCLUSION Rural patients with obesity have higher satisfaction and experience of care when weight loss counseling is delivered in a face-to-face environment and when their PCP is involved with their treatment. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Primary care practices looking to offer weight loss treatment should consider incorporating some level of face-to-face treatment plans that involves meaningful interaction with the PCP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Kurz
- University of Kansas School of Medicine, Department of Population Health, Kansas City, KS USA.
| | - Stacy McCrea-Robertson
- University of Kansas School of Medicine, Department of Population Health, Kansas City, KS USA
| | | | - Christie Befort
- University of Kansas School of Medicine, Department of Population Health, Kansas City, KS USA
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4
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Kurz D, Befort C. Travel burden in a rural primary care behavioral weight loss randomized trial: Impact on visit attendance and weight loss. J Rural Health 2022; 38:980-985. [DOI: 10.1111/jrh.12652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Kurz
- Department of Population Health University of Kansas School of Medicine Kansas City Kansas USA
| | - Christie Befort
- Department of Population Health University of Kansas School of Medicine Kansas City Kansas USA
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5
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Schorr EM, Kurz D, Rossi KC, Zhang M, Yeshokumar AK, Jette N, Dhamoon MS. Depression readmission risk is elevated in multiple sclerosis compared to other chronic illnesses. Mult Scler 2021; 28:139-148. [PMID: 34787004 DOI: 10.1177/13524585211051316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Assess readmissions for depression or suicide attempt (SA) after MS admission versus other chronic inflammatory illnesses. METHODS This retrospective cohort study identified MS, asthma, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), depression, and SA in the 2013 National Readmissions Database by International Classification of Diseases codes. Index admissions (MS, n = 7698; asthma, n = 93,590; RA, n = 3685) and depression or SA readmission rates were analyzed. Hazard ratios (HRs) estimated 1-year depression/SA readmission hazard, comparing MS to asthma or RA, adjusting for age, sex, psychiatric comorbidity, substance abuse, tobacco use, income, and index hospitalization characteristics. RESULTS MS had more baseline depression (24.7%) versus asthma (15.6%) and RA (14.6%). Ninety-day depression readmission rate was higher in MS (0.5%) than asthma (0.3%) and RA (0.03%). Depression readmission HR was higher after MS admission versus asthma (HR = 1.37, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.00-1.86, p = 0.0485) and RA (HR = 4.68, 95% CI = 1.60-13.62, p = 0.0047). HR was not different for SA readmission across groups. Depression readmission HR was more than double in MS patients with psychiatric disease or substance abuse versus RA or asthma patients with either comorbidity. CONCLUSION Depression readmission risk after MS hospitalization was elevated versus asthma/RA. Substance use and baseline psychiatric comorbidity were more strongly associated with depression readmission in MS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily M Schorr
- Division of Neuroimmunology and Neuroinfectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Daniel Kurz
- Department of Neurology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Kyle C Rossi
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Margaret Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anusha K Yeshokumar
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nathalie Jette
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mandip S Dhamoon
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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Glukhovsky L, Kurz D, Brandstadter R, Leavitt VM, Krieger S, Fabian M, Katz Sand I, Klineova S, Riley CS, Lublin FD, Miller AE, Sumowski JF. Depression and cognitive function in early multiple sclerosis: Multitasking is more sensitive than traditional assessments. Mult Scler 2020; 27:1276-1283. [PMID: 33196404 PMCID: PMC10375894 DOI: 10.1177/1352458520958359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Persons with multiple sclerosis (MS) and depression symptoms report real-world cognitive difficulties that may be missed by laboratory cognitive tests. OBJECTIVE To examine the relationship of depressive symptoms to cognitive monotasking versus multitasking in early MS. METHOD Persons with early MS (n = 185; ⩽5 years diagnosed) reported mood, completed monotasking and multitasking cognitive tests, and received high-resolution 3.0 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Partial correlations analyzed associations between mood and cognition, controlling for age, sex, estimated premorbid IQ, T2 lesion volume, and normalized gray matter volume. RESULTS Depression symptoms were more related to worse cognitive multitasking (-0.353, p < 0.001) than monotasking (r = -0.189, p = 0.011). There was a significant albeit weaker link to cognitive efficiency composite score (r = -0.281, p < 0.001), but not composite memory (r = -0.036, p > 0.50). Findings were replicated with a second depression measure. Multitasking was worse in patients with at least mild depression than both patients with no/minimal depression and healthy controls. Multitasking was not related to mood in healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS Depression symptoms are linked to cognitive multitasking in early MS; standard monotasking cognitive assessments appear less sensitive to depression-related cognition. Further investigation should determine directionality and mechanisms of this relationship, with the goal of enhancing treatment for cognitive dysfunction and depression in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Glukhovsky
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Daniel Kurz
- Department of Neurology. Maimonides Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Victoria M Leavitt
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stephen Krieger
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michelle Fabian
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ilana Katz Sand
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sylvia Klineova
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Claire S Riley
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Fred D Lublin
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aaron E Miller
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - James F Sumowski
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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Reunert J, Rust S, Grüneberg M, Seelhöfer A, Kurz D, Ocker V, Weber D, Fingerhut R, Marquardt T. Transient N-glycosylation abnormalities likely due to a de novo loss-of-function mutation in the delta subunit of coat protein I. Am J Med Genet A 2019; 179:1371-1375. [PMID: 31075182 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.61190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Accurate glycosylation of proteins is essential for their function and their intracellular transport. Numerous diseases have been described, where either glycosylation or intracellular transport of proteins is impaired. Coat protein I (COPI) is involved in anterograde and retrograde transport of proteins between endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi, where glycosylation takes place, but no association of defective COPI proteins and glycosylation defects has been described so far. We identified a patient whose phenotype at a first glance was reminiscent of PGM1 deficiency, a disease that also affects N-glycosylation of proteins. More detailed analyses revealed a different disease with a glycosylation deficiency that was only detectable during episodes of acute illness of the patient. Trio-exome analysis revealed a de novo loss-of-function mutation in ARCN1, coding for the delta-COP subunit of COPI. We hypothesize that the capacity of flow through Golgi is reduced by this defect and at high protein synthesis rates, this bottleneck also manifests as transient glycosylation deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine Reunert
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Stephan Rust
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Marianne Grüneberg
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Anja Seelhöfer
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Daniel Kurz
- Department of Paediatrics, Olgahospital, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Volker Ocker
- Department of Paediatrics, Olgahospital, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Dorothea Weber
- Gemeinschaftspraxis für Kinderheilkunde, Bensheim, Germany
| | - Ralph Fingerhut
- Swiss Newborn Screening Laboratory and Division of Metabolism, Children's Research Centre, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thorsten Marquardt
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
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Kurz D, Lewitschnig H, Pilz J. Failure probability estimation under additional subsystem information with application to semiconductor burn-in. J Appl Stat 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/02664763.2016.1189522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Irwin B, Kurz D, Chalin P, Thompson N. Testing the Efficacy of OurSpace, a Brief, Group Dynamics-Based Physical Activity Intervention: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Med Internet Res 2016; 18:e87. [PMID: 27154301 PMCID: PMC4875491 DOI: 10.2196/jmir.5342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Revised: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging technologies (ie, mobile phones, Internet) may be effective tools for promoting physical activity (PA). However, few interventions have provided effective means to enhance social support through these platforms. Face-to-face programs that use group dynamics-based principles of behavior change have been shown to be highly effective in enhancing social support through promoting group cohesion and PA, but to date, no studies have examined their effects in Web-based programs. OBJECTIVE The aim was to explore proof of concept and test the efficacy of a brief, online group dynamics-based intervention on PA in a controlled experiment. We expected that the impact of the intervention on PA would be moderated by perceptions of cohesion and the partner's degree of presence in the online media. METHODS Participants (n=135) were randomized into same-sex dyads and randomly assigned to one of four experimental conditions: standard social support (standard), group dynamics-based-high presence, group dynamics-based-low presence, or individual control. Participants performed two sets of planking exercises (pre-post). Between sets, participants in partnered conditions interacted with a virtual partner using either a standard social support app or a group dynamics-based app (group dynamics-based-low presence and group dynamics-based-high presence), the latter of which they participated in a series of online team-building exercises. Individual participants were given an equivalent rest period between sets. To increase presence during the second set, participants in the group dynamics-based-high presence group saw a live video stream of their partner exercising. Perceptions of cohesion were measured using a modified PA Group Environment Questionnaire. Physical activity was calculated as the time persisted during set 2 after controlling for persistence in set 1. RESULTS Perceptions of cohesion were higher in the group dynamics-based-low presence (overall mean 5.81, SD 1.04) condition compared to the standard (overall mean 5.04, SD 0.81) conditions ( P=.006), but did not differ between group dynamics-based-low presence and group dynamics-based-high presence (overall mean 5.42, SD 1.07) conditions ( P=.25). Physical activity was higher in the high presence condition (mean 64.48, SD 20.19, P=.01) than all other conditions (mean 53.3, SD 17.35). CONCLUSIONS A brief, online group dynamics-based intervention may be an effective method of improving group cohesion in virtual PA groups. However, it may be insufficient on its own to improve PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon Irwin
- Digital Physical Activity Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States.
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10
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Abstract
Der nucleophile Abbau von Se, S7, S8 und S12 mit Diphenyl- (o-tolyl) -phosphin zu Diphenyl-(o-tolyl) -phosphinsulfid wurde in CS2 untersucht. Die Reaktion ist annähernd 2. Ordnung. Für die Reaktivität der Schwefelspezies gilt folgende Reihenfolge: S6S12 ≅ S7S8.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Fehér
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Köln
| | - D. Kurz
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Köln
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Abstract
Aryl-, Benzyl- und Alkyl-Schwefelverbindungen wurden bei tiefer Temperatur photolysiert und die dabei erhaltenen Reaktionsprodukte mit Hilfe von UV-Absorptions- und ESR-Messungen sowie gaschromatographisch identifiziert. Die Existenz freier, zum Teil stabiler Thiylradikale konnte nachgewiesen werden.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Fehér
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Köln
| | - T. Gladden
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Köln
| | - D. Kurz
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Köln
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12
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Abstract
An Hand des nucleophilen Abbaues p-substituierter, symmetrischer Aryltrisulfane mit Triphenylphosphin zu den entsprechenden Disulfan-Derivaten und Triphenylphosphinsulfid konnte gezeigt werden, daß Elektronendonatoren als endständige Gruppen die Stabilität einer Schwefelkette gegenüber nucleophilen Agenzien erhöhen, während Elektronenacceptoren die Schwefelkette aktivieren.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Fehér
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Köln
| | - D. Kurz
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Köln
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McMahon D, Dinh A, Kurz D, Shah D, Han GS, Carman GM, Brasaemle DL. Comparative gene identification 58/α/β hydrolase domain 5 lacks lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase activity. J Lipid Res 2014; 55:1750-61. [PMID: 24879803 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m051151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the gene encoding comparative gene identification 58 (CGI-58)/α/β hydrolase domain 5 (ABHD5) cause Chanarin-Dorfman syndrome, characterized by excessive triacylglycerol storage in cells and tissues. CGI-58 has been identified as a coactivator of adipose TG lipase (ATGL) and a lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase (LPAAT). We developed a molecular model of CGI-58 structure and then mutated predicted active site residues and performed LPAAT activity assays of recombinant WT and mutated CGI-58. When mutations of predicted catalytic residues failed to reduce LPAAT activity, we determined that LPAAT activity was due to a bacterial contaminant of affinity purification procedures, plsC, the sole LPAAT in Escherichia coli Purification protocols were optimized to reduce plsC contamination, in turn reducing LPAAT activity. When CGI-58 was expressed in SM2-1(DE3) cells that lack plsC, lysates lacked LPAAT activity. Additionally, mouse CGI-58 expressed in bacteria as a glutathione-S-transferase fusion protein and human CGI-58 expressed in yeast lacked LPAAT activity. Previously reported lipid binding activity of CGI-58 was revisited using protein-lipid overlays. Recombinant CGI-58 failed to bind lysophosphatidic acid, but interestingly, bound phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate [PI(3)P] and phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate [PI(5)P]. Prebinding CGI-58 with PI(3)P or PI(5)P did not alter its coactivation of ATGL in vitro. In summary, purified recombinant CGI-58 that is functional as an ATGL coactivator lacks LPAAT activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek McMahon
- Rutgers Center for Lipid Research and Department of Nutritional Sciences and Rutgers Center for Lipid Research and Department of Food Science
| | - Anna Dinh
- Rutgers Center for Lipid Research and Department of Nutritional Sciences and Rutgers Center for Lipid Research and Department of Food Science
| | - Daniel Kurz
- Rutgers Center for Lipid Research and Department of Nutritional Sciences and Rutgers Center for Lipid Research and Department of Food Science
| | - Dharika Shah
- Rutgers Center for Lipid Research and Department of Nutritional Sciences and Rutgers Center for Lipid Research and Department of Food Science
| | - Gil-Soo Han
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901
| | - George M Carman
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901
| | - Dawn L Brasaemle
- Rutgers Center for Lipid Research and Department of Nutritional Sciences and Rutgers Center for Lipid Research and Department of Food Science
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Merzlikin SV, Mingers AM, Kurz D, Hassel AW. An electrochemical calibration unit for hydrogen analysers. Talanta 2014; 125:257-64. [PMID: 24840442 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2014.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2013] [Revised: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Determination of hydrogen in solids such as high strength steels or other metals in the ppb or ppm range requires hot-extraction or melt-extraction. Calibration of commercially available hydrogen analysers is performed either by certified reference materials CRMs, often having limited availability and reliability or by gas dosing for which the determined value significantly depends on atmospheric pressure and the construction of the gas dosing valve. The sharp and sudden appearance of very high gas concentrations from gas dosing is very different from real effusion transients and is therefore another source of errors. To overcome these limitations, an electrochemical calibration method for hydrogen analysers was developed and employed in this work. Exactly quantifiable, faradaic amounts of hydrogen can be produced in an electrochemical reaction and detected by the hydrogen analyser. The amount of hydrogen is exactly known from the transferred charge in the reaction following Faradays law; and the current time program determines the apparent hydrogen effusion transient. Random effusion transient shaping becomes possible to fully comply with real samples. Evolution time and current were varied for determining a quantitative relationship. The device was used to produce either diprotium (H2) or dideuterium (D2) from the corresponding electrolytes. The functional principle is electrochemical in nature and thus an automation is straightforward, can be easily implemented at an affordable price of 1-5% of the hydrogen analysers price.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergiy V Merzlikin
- Max Planck Institute for Iron Research, Max Planck Str. 1, 40625 Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute for Chemical Technology of Inorganic Materials, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Str. 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Andrea M Mingers
- Max Planck Institute for Iron Research, Max Planck Str. 1, 40625 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Daniel Kurz
- Max Planck Institute for Iron Research, Max Planck Str. 1, 40625 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Achim Walter Hassel
- Institute for Chemical Technology of Inorganic Materials, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Str. 69, 4040 Linz, Austria.
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Hassanien S, McMahon D, Kurz D, Shah D, Dinh A, Brasaemle D. Characterization of the novel H82R mutation in CGI‐58 that causes Neutral Lipid Storage Disorder in humans (LB153). FASEB J 2014. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.28.1_supplement.lb153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Hassanien
- Rutgers Center for Lipid Research and Department of Nutritional Sciences RutgersThe State University of New JerseyNew BrunswickNJUnited States
| | - Derek McMahon
- Rutgers Center for Lipid Research and Department of Nutritional Sciences RutgersThe State University of New JerseyNew BrunswickNJUnited States
| | - Daniel Kurz
- Rutgers Center for Lipid Research and Department of Nutritional Sciences RutgersThe State University of New JerseyNew BrunswickNJUnited States
| | - Dharika Shah
- Rutgers Center for Lipid Research and Department of Nutritional Sciences RutgersThe State University of New JerseyNew BrunswickNJUnited States
| | - Anna Dinh
- Rutgers Center for Lipid Research and Department of Nutritional Sciences RutgersThe State University of New JerseyNew BrunswickNJUnited States
| | - Dawn Brasaemle
- Rutgers Center for Lipid Research and Department of Nutritional Sciences RutgersThe State University of New JerseyNew BrunswickNJUnited States
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Bimber O, Klöck D, Amano T, Grundhöfer A, Kurz D. Closed-Loop Feedback Illumination for Optical Inverse Tone-Mapping in Light Microscopy. IEEE Trans Vis Comput Graph 2011; 17:857-870. [PMID: 20714022 DOI: 10.1109/tvcg.2010.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we show that optical inverse tone-mapping (OITM) in light microscopy can improve the visibility of specimens, both when observed directly through the oculars and when imaged with a camera. In contrast to previous microscopy techniques, we premodulate the illumination based on the local modulation properties of the specimen itself. We explain how the modulation of uniform white light by a specimen can be estimated in real time, even though the specimen is continuously but not uniformly illuminated. This information is processed and back-projected constantly, allowing the illumination to be adjusted on the fly if the specimen is moved or the focus or magnification of the microscope is changed. The contrast of the specimen's optical image can be enhanced, and high-intensity highlights can be suppressed. A formal pilot study with users indicates that this optimizes the visibility of spatial structures when observed through the oculars. We also demonstrate that the signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio in digital images of the specimen is higher if captured under an optimized rather than a uniform illumination. In contrast to advanced scanning techniques that maximize the S/N ratio using multiple measurements, our approach is fast because it requires only two images. This can improve image analysis in digital microscopy applications with real-time capturing requirements.
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Vogler S, Kurz D. [Bouts of chest pain]. Praxis (Bern 1994) 2008; 97:1187-1192. [PMID: 18979438 DOI: 10.1024/1661-8157.97.22.1187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We report on a 46-year-old man with vasospastic angina. The differential diagnosis, the eventful course of the patient and in particular the clinical image with diagnostic approach, therapy and prognosis of vasospastic angina are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Vogler
- Kardiologie, Departement Innere Medizin, Stadtspital Triemli Zürich.
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Navrátil T, Kurz D, Krám P, Hofmeister J, Hruška J. Acidification and recovery of soil at a heavily impacted forest catchment (Lysina, Czech Republic)—SAFE modeling and field results. Ecol Modell 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2007.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Akselsson C, Holmqvist J, Alveteg M, Kurz D, Sverdrup H. Scaling and Mapping Regional Calculations of Soil Chemical Weathering Rates in Sweden. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1023/b:wafo.0000028386.89557.fa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Faist M, Xie J, Kurz D, Berger W, Pollak P, Lücking CH. Beeinflussung des Gehens beim Morbus Parkinson durch Stimulation des Nucl. subthalamicus. KLIN NEUROPHYSIOL 2003. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2003-816437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Faist M, Xie J, Kurz D, Berger W, Maurer C, Pollak P, Lücking CH. Effect of bilateral subthalamic nucleus stimulation on gait in Parkinson's disease. Brain 2001; 124:1590-600. [PMID: 11459750 DOI: 10.1093/brain/124.8.1590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The fundamental disturbance of the parkinsonian gait is the reduction in walking velocity. This is mainly due to reduction in stride length, while cadence (steps/min) is slightly enhanced. Treatment with L-dopa increases stride length while cadence is unchanged. Chronic stimulation of the thalamus has no effect on Parkinsonian gait. The efficacy of electrical stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) on gait in advanced Parkinson's disease has been clearly demonstrated clinically. The aim of the present study was to quantify the changes in gait measures induced by STN stimulation and L-dopa and to assess possible differential or additive effects. Eight Parkinson's disease patients (mean +/- SD age 48.1 +/- 7.3 years) with chronic bilateral STN stimulation (mean duration of disease 13.3 +/- 2.4 years, mean stimulation time 15.4 +/- 10.6 months) and 12 age-matched controls were investigated. Subjects walked on a special treadmill with a closed-loop ultrasound control system that used the subject's position to adjust treadmill speed continuously for the actual walking velocity. In an appropriate crossover design, spatiotemporal gait measures and leg joint angle movements were assessed for at least 120 stride cycles in four treatment conditions: with and without stimulation and with and without a suprathreshold dose of L-dopa. With STN stimulation, there were increases of almost threefold in mean walking velocity (from 0.35 to 0.96 m/s) and stride length (from 0.34 to 0.99 m). Cadence remained constant. The range of motion of the major leg joints also increased. L-Dopa alone had a slightly weaker effect, with an increase in walking velocity to 0.94 m/s and in stride length to 0.92 m at a similar cadence. These increased values were in the range of those for healthy age-matched subjects performing the same task. The combination of both treatments further increased the mean walking velocity to 1.19 m/s and stride length to 1.20 m at an unchanged cadence. However, not all patients receiving STN stimulation improved further when they also received L-dopa. These results demonstrate that chronic bilateral STN stimulation, like treatment with L-dopa, improves walking velocity by increasing stride length without changing cadence. STN stimulation almost exclusively affects mechanisms involved in the control of spatial gait measures rather than rhythmicity. The gait measures obtained with STN stimulation alone are in the range of control subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Faist
- Department of Clinical Neurology and Neurophysiology, University of Freiburg, Germany.
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Abstract
A 46-year-old white female was admitted for decompensated cor pulmonale (CP). It had not interfered with her daily activities and she had not experienced shortness of breath, fatigue or muscle weakness prior to the onset of right heart failure. A thorough investigation revealed severe generalized muscle weakness with restrictive chest bellows disease and secondary CP (mean pressure in the pulmonary artery 60 mm Hg). After having refused respiratory support the patient died a few days after admission. The muscle biopsy was consistent with adult-onset acid-maltase deficiency. This is a rare case of metabolic myopathy presenting as decompensated CP without previous symptoms of muscle weakness. This condition can easily be treated with nocturnal ventilatory support, improving the quality and length of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Kurz
- Department of Internal Medicine and Division of Pulmonary Diseases, Triemli City Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
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Abstract
A large coronary aneurysm, originating from a side branch of the right coronary artery, caused recurrent ischemia resulting in myocardial infarction. Successful surgical excision, without concomitant coronary artery bypass grafting, is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- F von Rotz
- Clinic for Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
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Gonzalez-Fernandez F, Kurz D, Bao Y, Newman S, Conway BP, Young JE, Han DP, Khani SC. 11-cis retinol dehydrogenase mutations as a major cause of the congenital night-blindness disorder known as fundus albipunctatus. Mol Vis 1999; 5:41. [PMID: 10617778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Patients with fundus albipunctatus uniformly experience difficulty with vision at night. Their retinas are spotted with characteristic light yellow flecks of unknown composition that typically spare the macula. A defect in the transport or utilization of visual cycle retinoids is thought to underlie this recessive disorder with variable clinical expression. To elucidate the molecular defect we considered the genes for interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (RBP3) and 11-cis retinol dehydrogenase (RDH5) as candidates for this disease. METHODS We examined two unrelated families with fundus albipunctatus. The diagnosis was determined clinically and RBP3 and RDH5 were analyzed by molecular screening methods and direct genomic sequencing. RESULTS Each family had two affected members with typical fundus albipunctatus. The affected members were siblings born to unaffected parents who were seventh cousins in the first family and unrelated in the second family. The probands from both families were clinically similar except for the fundus dots that were more extensive in the second family to the point of involving the parafoveal region. In the initial phase of genetic screening RBP3 defects were ruled-out as the cause of the disease in both families. In contrast, RDH5 mutations were found in the affected siblings in both families. The proband in one had a homozygotic Gly238Trp missense mutation (GGG -> TGG) involving exon 4 and in the other carried compound heterozygotic changes Arg280His (CGC -> CAC) and Ala294Pro (GCC -> CCC) in exon 5. The disease phenotype was only manifested in family members with two abnormal RDH5 alleles consistent with autosomal recessive inheritance in both pedigrees. CONCLUSIONS These findings strongly implicate defects of RDH5 as the cause of fundus albipunctatus and point to a heterogeneity of RDH5 mutations in this form of congenital stationary night blindness with variable expressivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Gonzalez-Fernandez
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Pathology (Neuropathology), Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Virginia Health Sciences Center Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
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Zimmer R, Kurz D. Handbuch der Sinneswahrnehmung. Sportwiss 1996. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03176902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Abstract
There has been far too little attention to the violence that women experience at the hands of male partners during and after separation from a marriage. In this article, I provide evidence for the seriousness of the problem of violence during separation and its consequences. I argue that (a) violence is a significant factor causing women to leave marriages and thus contributes to the high rate of divorce; and (b) violence continues to play a role in the divorce process as couples negotiate for assets after separation. The data presented in this article are from a study based on a random sample of divorced women with children from diverse backgrounds. The data make clear that many women experienced violence both during and after the ending of their marital relationships and that the violence caused some women to leave their marriages and caused others difficulty in negotiating for their share of marital resources. These women's experiences have implications both for how we conceptualize divorce and for social policy issues.
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Pimentel D, Harvey C, Resosudarmo P, Sinclair K, Kurz D, McNair M, Crist S, Shpritz L, Fitton L, Saffouri R, Blair R. Response
: Soil Erosion Estimates and Costs. Science 1995; 269:464-5. [PMID: 17842348 DOI: 10.1126/science.269.5223.464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Pimentel D, Harvey C, Resosudarmo P, Sinclair K, Kurz D, McNair M, Crist S, Shpritz L, Fitton L, Saffouri R, Blair R. Environmental and Economic Costs of Soil Erosion and Conservation Benefits. Science 1995; 267:1117-23. [PMID: 17789193 DOI: 10.1126/science.267.5201.1117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 398] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Soil erosion is a major environmental threat to the sustainability and productive capacity of agriculture. During the last 40 years, nearly one-third of the world's arable land has been lost by erosion and continues to be lost at a rate of more than 10 million hectares per year. With the addition of a quarter of a million people each day, the world population's food demand is increasing at a time when per capita food productivity is beginning to decline.
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Krüger M, Kurz D, Kühl J, Prange K. Besprechungen. Sportwiss 1991. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03177884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Friebolin H, Baumann W, Hauck M, Kurz D, Wajda R, Weisshaar G, Keilich G, Ziegler D, Brossmer L, von Nicolai H. [H-NMR spectroscopy. Specificity of microbial sialidases against complex substrates]. Hoppe Seylers Z Physiol Chem 1984; 365:1309-1321. [PMID: 6096253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The specificities of one viral and five bacterial sialidases were investigated by 1H-NMR-spectroscopy with substrates or substrate mixtures containing two sialic acid residues of different linkage types. This technique allows - in contrast to the methods used before - the simultaneous determination of the rates of hydrolysis of both NeuAc linkages in a single experiment. The substrate specificities of the enzymes are discussed on the basis of the relation of the rate constants k/k'. The data obtained are more exact and more informative than those of separate experiments as reported previously. Among the enzymes investigated, i.e. sialidases of fowl plague virus (FPV = VKH), Clostridium perfringens (CP), Vibrio cholerae (VC), Bifidobacterium bifidum var. pennsylvanicum (BBif), Bifidobacterium lactentis (BLac), and Arthrobacter ureafaciens (AU), the activity of the viral sialidase VKH shows the highest, the activities of the Bifidobacterium sialidases the lowest dependence on the nature and on the linkage type of the different substrates. All sialidases preferentially cleave the NeuAc alpha 2-3-Gal linkage with the exception of the enzyme of Arthrobacter ureafaciens (AU) which shows a higher affinity to alpha 2-6 linkages. However, this does not apply to the side-arm-linked NeuAc alpha 2-6 structure in NeuAc alpha 2-3 Gal beta 1-3 (NeuAc alpha 2-6)-GlcNAc beta 1-3Gal beta 1-4Glc (Substrate B). This substrate in generally cleaved very slowly and is hardly affected by the viral enzyme. After the alpha 2-3 linkage, the alpha 2-8 bond in NeuAc alpha 2-8 NeuAc alpha 2-3 Gal beta 1-4Glc(Substrate A) is most susceptible for the sialidases VKH, CP and VC. An elongation of the carbohydrate chain (Substrate D) is accompanied by a reduction of the rate of cleavage for all enzymes. The experiments with alpha 1-acid glycoprotein, fetuin, and with the glycopeptides obtained by proteolytic degradation of the latter, revealed the same specificity towards the alpha 2-3 and the alpha 2-6 linkages as the oligosaccharides. Influenced by the chemical nature and the size of the substrate, NeuAc is released from the native alpha 1-acid glycoprotein more quickly than from the corresponding glycopeptide. All sialidases investigated so far are strictly exo-enzymes as could be demonstrated by the cleavage of NeuAc alpha 2-8 NeuAc alpha 2-3 Gal beta 1-4Glc (Substrate A).
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Kurz D, Berndt I, Schock K. Spiel — Spiel — Spielen 5. Sportwissenschaftlicher Hochschultag in Tübingen. Sportwiss 1983. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03177571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Kurz D, Sack HG, Belitz-Demiriz H, Rittner V. Besprechungen. Sportwiss 1982. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03177524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Brodtmann D, Hecker G, Kurz D. Sportunterricht und Schulsport. Sportwiss 1980. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03177128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Kurz D, Eyring EJ. Effects of vitamin C on osteogenesis imperfecta. Pediatrics 1974; 54:56-61. [PMID: 4834301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
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Kurz D. Internationale wissenschaftlich-methodische Konferenz zum Thema „Körpererziehung der Kinder vor der Pubertätsperiode“ vom 27.–31. 5. 1974 in Sopot (Polen). Sportwiss 1974. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03178838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Kurz D, Wolf N. In eigener Sache. Sportwiss 1974. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03176748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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