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Hernández JE, González-Montiel A, Allos-Villalva JCC, Cantú D, Barquet S, Olivares-Mundo A, Herrera LA, Prada D. Prognostic molecular biomarkers in endometrial cancer: A review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 7:17-28. [PMID: 34322276 PMCID: PMC8315102 DOI: 10.14312/2052-4994.2019-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Background: Endometrial cancer (EC) is the fourth most common malignancy in women worldwide and the most common gynecological cancer in developed countries. The endometrioid subtype has an excellent prognosis with conventional treatment; however, recurrence reduces overall survival. Objective: Describe the most relevant evidence regarding selected potential molecular biomarkers that may predict overall survival (OS), relapse-free survival (RFS), and cancer-specific survival (CSS) in EC. Methods: An exhaustive search was performed in PUBMED with the search terms endometrial cancer, molecular biomarker, and survival. We selected original articles written in English about endometrial cancer, molecular biomarkers, and that included survival analysis published between January 2000 and December 2016. Results: Several molecular prognostic biomarkers have been studied in terms of survival and therapeutic response in women with endometrial cancer; hormone receptors, microRNAs, and other molecules have emerged as potentially useful biomarkers, including HER2, p21, HE4, PTEN, p27, ANCCA, and ANXA2. Conclusions: The use of biomarkers in the assessment of OS, RFS, and CSS requires large trials to expand our understanding of endometrial carcinogenesis. Several molecular markers are significantly associated with a high tumor grade and advanced clinical stage in EC and, therefore, could have additive effects when combined.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Edgardo Hernández
- Unit of Biomedical Research, National Cancer Institute- Biomedical Research Institute, National Autonomous University of Mexico. San Fernando 22, Colonia Sección XVI, Delegatión Tlalpan, Mexico City, Mexico, 14080
| | - Ailyn González-Montiel
- Unit of Biomedical Research, National Cancer Institute- Biomedical Research Institute, National Autonomous University of Mexico. San Fernando 22, Colonia Sección XVI, Delegatión Tlalpan, Mexico City, Mexico, 14080
| | - Jesús C Ceb Allos-Villalva
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, C.U., Av. Universidad 3000, Mexico City, Mexico, 04510
| | - David Cantú
- Unit of Biomedical Research, National Cancer Institute- Biomedical Research Institute, National Autonomous University of Mexico. San Fernando 22, Colonia Sección XVI, Delegatión Tlalpan, Mexico City, Mexico, 14080
| | - Salim Barquet
- Unit of Biomedical Research, National Cancer Institute- Biomedical Research Institute, National Autonomous University of Mexico. San Fernando 22, Colonia Sección XVI, Delegatión Tlalpan, Mexico City, Mexico, 14080
| | - Anny Olivares-Mundo
- Unit of Biomedical Research, National Cancer Institute- Biomedical Research Institute, National Autonomous University of Mexico. San Fernando 22, Colonia Sección XVI, Delegatión Tlalpan, Mexico City, Mexico, 14080
| | - Luis A Herrera
- Unit of Biomedical Research, National Cancer Institute- Biomedical Research Institute, National Autonomous University of Mexico. San Fernando 22, Colonia Sección XVI, Delegatión Tlalpan, Mexico City, Mexico, 14080
| | - Diddier Prada
- Unit of Biomedical Research, National Cancer Institute- Biomedical Research Institute, National Autonomous University of Mexico. San Fernando 22, Colonia Sección XVI, Delegatión Tlalpan, Mexico City, Mexico, 14080.,Department of Biomedical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, C.U., Av. Universidad 3000, Mexico City, Mexico, 04510
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Torres-Poveda K, Burguete-García AI, Bahena-Román M, Méndez-Martínez R, Zurita-Díaz MA, López-Estrada G, Delgado-Romero K, Peralta-Zaragoza O, Bermúdez-Morales VH, Cantú D, García-Carrancá A, Madrid-Marina V. Risk allelic load in Th2 and Th3 cytokines genes as biomarker of susceptibility to HPV-16 positive cervical cancer: a case control study. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:330. [PMID: 27220278 PMCID: PMC4879749 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2364-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Alterations in the host cellular immune response allow persistent infections with High-Risk Human Papillomavirus (HR-HPV) and development of premalignant cervical lesions and cervical cancer (CC). Variations of immunosuppressive cytokine levels in cervix are associated with the natural history of CC. To assess the potential role of genetic host immunity and cytokines serum levels in the risk of developing CC, we conducted a case–control study paired by age. Methods Peripheral blood samples from patients with CC (n = 200) and hospital controls (n = 200), were used to evaluate nine biallelic SNPs of six cytokine genes of the adaptive immune system by allelic discrimination and cytokines serum levels by ELISA. Results After analyzing the SNP association by multivariate logistic regression adjusted by age, CC history and smoking history, three Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10) and one Th3 (TGFB1) cytokine were significantly associated with CC. Individuals with at least one copy of the following risk alleles: T of SNP (−590C > T IL-4), C of SNP (−573G > C IL-6), A of SNP (−592C > A IL-10), T of SNP (−819C > T IL-10) and T of SNP (−509C > T TGFB1), had an adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 2.08 (95 % CI 1.475–2.934, p = 0.0001), an OR of 1.70 (95 % CI 1.208–2.404, p = 0.002), an OR of 1.87 (95 % CI 1.332–2.630, p = 0.0001), an OR of 1.67 (95 % CI 1.192–2.353, p = 0.003) and an OR of 1.91 (95 % CI 1.354–2.701, p = 0.0001), respectively, for CC. The burden of carrying two or more of these risk alleles was found to have an additive effect on the risk of CC (p trend = 0.0001). Finally, the serum levels of Th2 and Th3 cytokines were higher in CC cases than the controls; whereas IFNG levels, a Th1 cytokine, were higher in controls than CC cases. Conclusion The significant associations of five SNPs with CC indicate that these polymorphisms are potential candidates for predicting the risk of development of CC, representing a risk allelic load for CC and can be used as a biomarker of susceptibility to this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Torres-Poveda
- Dirección de Infecciones Crónicas y Cáncer. Centro de Investigación sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (INSP), (Chronic Infectious Diseases and Cancer Division. Center for Research on Infectious Diseases. National Institute of Public Health Mexico), Av. Universidad 655, Santa María Ahuacatitlán, Cuernavaca, C.P.62100, Morelos, Mexico.,CONACyT Research Fellow-Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (INSP), Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - A I Burguete-García
- Dirección de Infecciones Crónicas y Cáncer. Centro de Investigación sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (INSP), (Chronic Infectious Diseases and Cancer Division. Center for Research on Infectious Diseases. National Institute of Public Health Mexico), Av. Universidad 655, Santa María Ahuacatitlán, Cuernavaca, C.P.62100, Morelos, Mexico
| | - M Bahena-Román
- Dirección de Infecciones Crónicas y Cáncer. Centro de Investigación sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (INSP), (Chronic Infectious Diseases and Cancer Division. Center for Research on Infectious Diseases. National Institute of Public Health Mexico), Av. Universidad 655, Santa María Ahuacatitlán, Cuernavaca, C.P.62100, Morelos, Mexico
| | - R Méndez-Martínez
- Division of Basic Research, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), SS. Mexico City, Mexico
| | - M A Zurita-Díaz
- Dirección de Infecciones Crónicas y Cáncer. Centro de Investigación sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (INSP), (Chronic Infectious Diseases and Cancer Division. Center for Research on Infectious Diseases. National Institute of Public Health Mexico), Av. Universidad 655, Santa María Ahuacatitlán, Cuernavaca, C.P.62100, Morelos, Mexico
| | - G López-Estrada
- Private Health Center for Gynecology, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - K Delgado-Romero
- Centro de Atención para la Salud de la Mujer (CAPASAM), (Center for Women's Health). Health Services of the State of Morelos, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - O Peralta-Zaragoza
- Dirección de Infecciones Crónicas y Cáncer. Centro de Investigación sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (INSP), (Chronic Infectious Diseases and Cancer Division. Center for Research on Infectious Diseases. National Institute of Public Health Mexico), Av. Universidad 655, Santa María Ahuacatitlán, Cuernavaca, C.P.62100, Morelos, Mexico
| | - V H Bermúdez-Morales
- Dirección de Infecciones Crónicas y Cáncer. Centro de Investigación sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (INSP), (Chronic Infectious Diseases and Cancer Division. Center for Research on Infectious Diseases. National Institute of Public Health Mexico), Av. Universidad 655, Santa María Ahuacatitlán, Cuernavaca, C.P.62100, Morelos, Mexico
| | - D Cantú
- Division of Clinical Research, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), SS. Mexico City, Mexico
| | - A García-Carrancá
- Division of Basic Research, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), SS. Mexico City, Mexico.,Unit of Biomedical Research in Cancer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), SS and Biomedical Research Institute. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - V Madrid-Marina
- Dirección de Infecciones Crónicas y Cáncer. Centro de Investigación sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (INSP), (Chronic Infectious Diseases and Cancer Division. Center for Research on Infectious Diseases. National Institute of Public Health Mexico), Av. Universidad 655, Santa María Ahuacatitlán, Cuernavaca, C.P.62100, Morelos, Mexico.
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Audirac-Chalifour A, Torres-Poveda K, Bahena-Román M, Téllez-Sosa J, Martínez-Barnetche J, Cortina-Ceballos B, López-Estrada G, Delgado-Romero K, Burguete-García AI, Cantú D, García-Carrancá A, Madrid-Marina V. Cervical Microbiome and Cytokine Profile at Various Stages of Cervical Cancer: A Pilot Study. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0153274. [PMID: 27115350 PMCID: PMC4846060 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0153274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 226] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer (CC) is caused by high-risk human papillomavirus persistence due to the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment mediated by cytokines. Vaginal microbiota determines the presence of certain cytokines locally. We assessed the association between cervical microbiota diversity and the histopathological diagnosis of each stage of CC, and we evaluated mRNA cervical expression levels of IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TGF-β1, TNF-α and IFN-γ across the histopathological diagnosis and specific bacterial clusters. We determined the cervical microbiota by high throughput sequencing of 16S rDNA amplicons and classified it in community state types (CST). Mean difference analyses between alpha-diversity and histopathological diagnosis were carried out, as well as a β-diversity analysis within the histological diagnosis. Cervical cytokine mRNA expression was analyzed across the CSTs and the histopathological diagnoses. We found a significant difference in microbiota's diversity in NCL-HPV negative women vs those with squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL) and CC(p = 0.006, p = 0.036).When β-diversity was evaluated, the CC samples showed the highest variation within groups (p<0.0006) and the largest distance compared to NCL-HPV negative ones (p<0.00001). The predominant bacteria in women with normal cytology were L. crispatus and L. iners, whereas for SIL, it was Sneathia spp. and for CC, Fusobacterium spp. We found higher median cervical levels of IL-4 and TGF-β1 mRNA in the CST dominated by Fusobacterium spp. These results suggest that the cervical microbiota may be implicated in cervical cancer pathology. Further cohort studies are needed to validate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astride Audirac-Chalifour
- Dirección de Infecciones Crónicas y Cáncer, Centro de Investigación sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (INSP) (Chronic Infectious Diseases and Cancer Division, Center for Research on Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Public Health), Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Kirvis Torres-Poveda
- Dirección de Infecciones Crónicas y Cáncer, Centro de Investigación sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (INSP) (Chronic Infectious Diseases and Cancer Division, Center for Research on Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Public Health), Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Margarita Bahena-Román
- Dirección de Infecciones Crónicas y Cáncer, Centro de Investigación sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (INSP) (Chronic Infectious Diseases and Cancer Division, Center for Research on Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Public Health), Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Juan Téllez-Sosa
- Dirección de Infecciones Crónicas y Cáncer, Centro de Investigación sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (INSP) (Chronic Infectious Diseases and Cancer Division, Center for Research on Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Public Health), Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Jesús Martínez-Barnetche
- Dirección de Infecciones Crónicas y Cáncer, Centro de Investigación sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (INSP) (Chronic Infectious Diseases and Cancer Division, Center for Research on Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Public Health), Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Bernardo Cortina-Ceballos
- Dirección de Infecciones Crónicas y Cáncer, Centro de Investigación sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (INSP) (Chronic Infectious Diseases and Cancer Division, Center for Research on Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Public Health), Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | | | - Karina Delgado-Romero
- Centro de Atención para la Salud de la Mujer (CAPASAM) (Center for Women’s Health), Health Services of the State of Morelos, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Ana I. Burguete-García
- Dirección de Infecciones Crónicas y Cáncer, Centro de Investigación sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (INSP) (Chronic Infectious Diseases and Cancer Division, Center for Research on Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Public Health), Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - David Cantú
- Division of Clinical Research, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), SS, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Vicente Madrid-Marina
- Dirección de Infecciones Crónicas y Cáncer, Centro de Investigación sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (INSP) (Chronic Infectious Diseases and Cancer Division, Center for Research on Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Public Health), Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
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Vaca-Paniagua F, Alvarez-Gomez RM, Perez-Plasencia C, Maldonado-Martínez HA, Fragoso-Ontiveros V, Lasa-Gonsebatt F, Herrera LA, Cantú D, Bargallo-Rocha E, Mohar A, Durand G, Forey N, Voegele C, Vallee M, Le Calvez-Kelm F, McKay J, Ardin M, Villar S, Zavadil J, Olivier M. Abstract 4748: Revealing the molecular portrait of triple negative breast tumors from an understudied population through omics analysis of formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissues. Cancer Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2015-4748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), defined by the lack of expression of the estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal receptor 2 (HER2), is an aggressive form of breast cancer (BC) that is more prevalent in certain populations, in particular in low and middle-income regions. The detailed molecular features of TNBC in these regions remain unexplored as samples are mostly accessible as formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) archived tissues, a challenging material for advanced genomic and transcriptomic studies. We performed an integrative genomic analysis on FFPE samples from TNBC patients to identify molecular programs associated with this disease in an understudied population. We implemented whole exome sequencing of 12 tumor tissues and blood pairs, complemented with miRNA and mRNA profiling of the tumor tissues, using FFPE archived pathological samples from Mexican women. Sequencing analyses found TP53 and RB1 genes as the most frequently mutated. Transcriptional programs were characterized by the overexpression of growth-promoting signals (EGFR, PDGFR, VEGF, PIK3CA, FOXM1), the repression of cell cycle control pathways (TP53, RB1), the deregulation of DNA-repair pathways, and alterations in epigenetic modifiers through miRNA:mRNA network de-regulation. The molecular programs identified were typical of those described in basal-like tumors in other populations. This work demonstrates the utility of archival clinical samples for advanced integrated genomics analyses. It thus opens up opportunities for investigating molecular features of tumors from regions where only FFPE tissues are available, allowing the development of treatment strategies and of retrospective studies on the exploration of the geographic diversity of BC.
Citation Format: Felipe Vaca-Paniagua, Rosa María Alvarez-Gomez, Carlos Perez-Plasencia, Hector Aquiles Maldonado-Martínez, Veronica Fragoso-Ontiveros, Federico Lasa-Gonsebatt, Luis Alonso Herrera, David Cantú, Enrique Bargallo-Rocha, Alejandro Mohar, Geoffroy Durand, Nathalie Forey, Catherine Voegele, Maxime Vallee, Florence Le Calvez-Kelm, James McKay, Maude Ardin, Stephanie Villar, Jiri Zavadil, Magali Olivier. Revealing the molecular portrait of triple negative breast tumors from an understudied population through omics analysis of formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissues. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 4748. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-4748
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - David Cantú
- 2Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, México, Mexico
| | | | | | | | - Nathalie Forey
- 3International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | - Maxime Vallee
- 3International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | - James McKay
- 3International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Maude Ardin
- 3International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | - Jiri Zavadil
- 3International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Magali Olivier
- 3International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
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5
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Vaca-Paniagua F, Alvarez-Gomez RM, Maldonado-Martínez HA, Pérez-Plasencia C, Fragoso-Ontiveros V, Lasa-Gonsebatt F, Herrera LA, Cantú D, Bargallo-Rocha E, Mohar A, Durand G, Forey N, Voegele C, Vallée M, Le Calvez-Kelm F, McKay J, Ardin M, Villar S, Zavadil J, Olivier M. Revealing the Molecular Portrait of Triple Negative Breast Tumors in an Understudied Population through Omics Analysis of Formalin-Fixed and Paraffin-Embedded Tissues. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0126762. [PMID: 25961742 PMCID: PMC4427337 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0126762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), defined by the lack of expression of the estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and human epidermal receptor 2, is an aggressive form of breast cancer that is more prevalent in certain populations, in particular in low- and middle-income regions. The detailed molecular features of TNBC in these regions remain unexplored as samples are mostly accessible as formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) archived tissues, a challenging material for advanced genomic and transcriptomic studies. Using dedicated reagents and analysis pipelines, we performed whole exome sequencing and miRNA and mRNA profiling of 12 FFPE tumor tissues collected from pathological archives in Mexico. Sequencing analyses of the tumor tissues and their blood pairs identified TP53 and RB1 genes as the most frequently mutated genes, with a somatic mutation load of 1.7 mutations/exome Mb on average. Transcriptional analyses revealed an overexpression of growth-promoting signals (EGFR, PDGFR, VEGF, PIK3CA, FOXM1), a repression of cell cycle control pathways (TP53, RB1), a deregulation of DNA-repair pathways, and alterations in epigenetic modifiers through miRNA:mRNA network de-regulation. The molecular programs identified were typical of those described in basal-like tumors in other populations. This work demonstrates the feasibility of using archived clinical samples for advanced integrated genomics analyses. It thus opens up opportunities for investigating molecular features of tumors from regions where only FFPE tissues are available, allowing retrospective studies on the search for treatment strategies or on the exploration of the geographic diversity of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Vaca-Paniagua
- Group of Molecular Mechanisms and Biomarkers, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, México D.F., México
- Unidad de Biomedicina, FES-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México D.F., México
| | - Rosa María Alvarez-Gomez
- Unidad de Genómica y Secuenciación Masiva (UGESEM), Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, México D.F., México
| | | | - Carlos Pérez-Plasencia
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, México D.F., México
- Unidad de Biomedicina, FES-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México D.F., México
- Unidad de Genómica y Secuenciación Masiva (UGESEM), Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, México D.F., México
| | - Veronica Fragoso-Ontiveros
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, México D.F., México
- Unidad de Genómica y Secuenciación Masiva (UGESEM), Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, México D.F., México
| | | | - Luis Alonso Herrera
- Unidad de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México D.F., México
| | - David Cantú
- Unidad de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México D.F., México
| | - Enrique Bargallo-Rocha
- Departamento de Tumores Mamarios, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, México D.F., México
| | - Alejandro Mohar
- Departamento de Epidemiología, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, México D.F., México
| | - Geoffroy Durand
- Group of Genetic Cancer Susceptibility, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Nathalie Forey
- Group of Genetic Cancer Susceptibility, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Catherine Voegele
- Group of Genetic Cancer Susceptibility, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Maxime Vallée
- Group of Genetic Cancer Susceptibility, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Florence Le Calvez-Kelm
- Group of Genetic Cancer Susceptibility, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - James McKay
- Group of Genetic Cancer Susceptibility, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Maude Ardin
- Group of Molecular Mechanisms and Biomarkers, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Stéphanie Villar
- Group of Molecular Mechanisms and Biomarkers, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Jiri Zavadil
- Group of Molecular Mechanisms and Biomarkers, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Magali Olivier
- Group of Molecular Mechanisms and Biomarkers, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
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Cetina L, González-Enciso A, Cantú D, Coronel J, Pérez-Montiel D, Hinojosa J, Serrano A, Rivera L, Poitevin A, Mota A, Trejo E, Montalvo G, Muñoz D, Robles-Flores J, de la Garza J, Chanona J, Jiménez-Lima R, Wegman T, Dueñas-González A. Brachytherapy versus radical hysterectomy after external beam chemoradiation with gemcitabine plus cisplatin: a randomized, phase III study in IB2–IIB cervical cancer patients. Ann Oncol 2013; 24:2043-2047. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdt142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
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7
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Vaca-Paniagua F, Alvarez-Gomez RM, Fragoso-Ontiveros V, Vidal-Millan S, Herrera LA, Cantú D, Bargallo-Rocha E, Mohar A, López-Camarillo C, Pérez-Plasencia C. Full-exon pyrosequencing screening of BRCA germline mutations in Mexican women with inherited breast and ovarian cancer. PLoS One 2012; 7:e37432. [PMID: 22655046 PMCID: PMC3360054 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0037432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2012] [Accepted: 04/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Hereditary breast cancer comprises 10% of all breast cancers. The most prevalent genes causing this pathology are BRCA1 and BRCA2 (breast cancer early onset 1 and 2), which also predispose to other cancers. Despite the outstanding relevance of genetic screening of BRCA deleterious variants in patients with a history of familial cancer, this practice is not common in Latin American public institutions. In this work we assessed mutations in the entire exonic and splice-site regions of BRCA in 39 patients with breast and ovarian cancer and with familial history of breast cancer or with clinical features suggestive for BRCA mutations by massive parallel pyrosequencing. First we evaluated the method with controls and found 41–485 reads per sequence in BRCA pathogenic mutations. Negative controls did not show deleterious variants, confirming the suitability of the approach. In patients diagnosed with cancer we found 4 novel deleterious mutations (c.2805_2808delAGAT and c.3124_3133delAGCAATATTA in BRCA1; c.2639_2640delTG and c.5114_5117delTAAA in BRCA2). The prevalence of BRCA mutations in these patients was 10.2%. Moreover, we discovered 16 variants with unknown clinical significance (11 in exons and 5 in introns); 4 were predicted as possibly pathogenic by in silico analyses, and 3 have not been described previously. This study illustrates how massive pyrosequencing technology can be applied to screen for BRCA mutations in the whole exonic and splice regions in patients with suspected BRCA-related cancers. This is the first effort to analyse the mutational status of BRCA genes on a Mexican-mestizo population by means of pyrosequencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Vaca-Paniagua
- Laboratorio de Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Tlalpan, México
- Unidad de Genómica y Secuenciación Masiva (UGESEM), Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Tlalpan, México
| | - Rosa María Alvarez-Gomez
- Unidad de Genómica y Secuenciación Masiva (UGESEM), Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Tlalpan, México
| | - Verónica Fragoso-Ontiveros
- Laboratorio de Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Tlalpan, México
- Unidad de Genómica y Secuenciación Masiva (UGESEM), Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Tlalpan, México
| | | | - Luis Alonso Herrera
- Unidad de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Tlalpan, México
| | - David Cantú
- Departamento de Oncología Médica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Tlalpan, México
| | | | - Alejandro Mohar
- Unidad de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Tlalpan, México
| | | | - Carlos Pérez-Plasencia
- Laboratorio de Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Tlalpan, México
- Unidad de Genómica y Secuenciación Masiva (UGESEM), Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Tlalpan, México
- Unidad de Biomedicina, FES-IZTACALA, UNAM, Tlalnepantla, México
- * E-mail:
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Soto-Reyes E, González-Barrios R, Cisneros-Soberanis F, Herrera-Goepfert R, Pérez V, Cantú D, Prada D, Castro C, Recillas-Targa F, Herrera LA. Disruption of CTCF at the miR-125b1 locus in gynecological cancers. BMC Cancer 2012; 12:40. [PMID: 22277129 PMCID: PMC3297514 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-12-40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2011] [Accepted: 01/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In cancer cells, transcriptional gene silencing has been associated with genetic and epigenetic defects. The disruption of DNA methylation patterns and covalent histone marks has been associated with cancer development. Until recently, microRNA (miRNA) gene silencing was not well understood. In particular, miR-125b1 has been suggested to be an miRNA with tumor suppressor activity, and it has been shown to be deregulated in various human cancers. In the present study, we evaluated the DNA methylation at the CpG island proximal to the transcription start site of miR-125b1 in cancer cell lines as well as in normal tissues and gynecological tumor samples. In addition, we analyzed the association of CTCF and covalent histone modifications at the miR-125b1 locus. METHODS To assess the DNA methylation status of the miR-125b1, genomic DNA was transformed with sodium bisulfite, and then PCR-amplified with modified primers and sequenced. The miR-125b1 gene expression was analyzed by qRT-PCR using U6 as a control for constitutive gene expression. CTCF repressive histone marks abundance was evaluated by chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. RESULTS The disruption of CTCF in breast cancer cells correlated with the incorporation of repressive histone marks such H3K9me3 and H3K27me3 as well as with aberrant DNA methylation patterns. To determine the effect of DNA methylation at the CpG island of miR-125b1 on the expression of this gene, we performed a qRT-PCR assay. We observed a significant reduction on the expression of miR-125b1 in cancer cells in comparison with controls, suggesting that DNA methylation at the CpG island might reduce miR-125b1 expression. These effects were observed in other gynecological cancers, including ovarian and cervical tumors. CONCLUSIONS A reduction of miR-125b1 expression in cancers, correlated with methylation, repressive histone marks and loss of CTCF binding at the promoter region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernesto Soto-Reyes
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México, DF, México
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Candelaria M, Arias-Bonfill D, Chávez-Blanco A, Chanona J, Cantú D, Pérez C, Dueñas-González A. Lack in Efficacy for Imatinib Mesylate as Second-Line Treatment of Recurrent or Metastatic Cervical Cancer Expressing Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptor α. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2009; 19:1632-7. [DOI: 10.1111/igc.0b013e3181a80bb5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Imatinib mesylate inhibits platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR), and there are evidences that the PDGFR participates in development and progression of cervical cancer. This pilot study was set to evaluate the efficacy in response rate and progression-free survival of imatinib. A secondary end point was to evaluate its safety as second-line treatment of recurrent or metastatic cervical cancer expressing PDGFRα. Imatinib mesylate was administered in daily dosages of 600 mg. Response was evaluated by positron emission tomography/computed tomography every two 28-day courses, and toxicity was evaluated weekly and thereafter. Twelve patients were included in the study. The median age was 49.8 years; all but 1 tumor were squamous cell carcinomas. First-line palliative chemotherapy with carboplatin-paclitaxel was the most frequently used scheme (75.0%). Ten (83.3%) had pelvic and systemic disease, whereas only 2 had systemic disease alone. All patients expressed the PDGFRα in more than 10% of malignant cells, whereas only 4 coexpressed the PDGFRβ. No patient showed response. A single patient having metastatic disease in the lung showed stabilization for 6 months to then progressing in bone. No severe toxicities were seen except for the patient with worsening of bleeding from proctitis. Grades 1 and 2 gastrointestinal toxicities were common. Despite lack of activity of single-agent imatinib, further studies in cervical cancer are deserved to better define the status of imatinib targets in this tumor and to investigate its activity in combination with cytotoxic drugs.
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Morales-Vasquez F, Gallardo D, Tirado L, López-Basave HN, Cantú D, Mendez C. Retrospective analysis: Patients with ovarian cancer at National Cancer Institute of Mexico. J Clin Oncol 2009. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.e16573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
e16573 Background: Ephitelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the leading cause of death from gynecologic malignancies among women worldwide. Little is known about reproductive factors or lifestyle determinants and ovarian cancer prognosis. The purpose of this study was to analyze the pathologic, clinical and other characteristics. Methods: This study included all EOC seen at the Institute from 2000–2006. Epidemiological and clinical variables were collected from the patients’ medical records. Exposure data on prediagnostic factors were collected through questionnaires. The cases were followed-up until December 31, 2007. Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to estimate the prognostic effect of each factor in terms of hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), following adjustment for age at diagnosis, FIGO tumor stage and WHO grade of tumor differentiation. Results: 571 cases of ovarian cancers. Median age was 51 years, (range 18–95). 20.30%, 4.4%, and 63.5% of patients had stage I, II and III, respectively. The histological types: 52.2% serous, 17.2% endometrioid, 12.8% of mucinous origin; 62.5% underwent radical surgery, 24% with optimal cytorreduction. The mean follow-up was 60 ± 22 months. The overall three-year survival was 97.4% and 98% for mucinous and serous tumors, respectively. The survival rate was 100%, 90%, and 71.8% in stages I, II and III, respectively. After adjustment for the tumor characteristics, no clear associations were detected between reproductive history, anthropometric characteristics, factors before diagnosis (alcohol consumption, smoking and physical activity over lifetime), nor family history of breast cancer or ovarian cancer and survival Conclusions: Our findings indicate that the tumor characteristics significantly influenced the risk of death from ovarian cancer and no clear associations were detected between others factors and the survival. In this cohort the median age for ovarian cancer were 51 years old, one decade before than other reports. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Morales-Vasquez
- Instituto Nacional De Cancerologia, Tlalpan, Mexico; Universidad Nacional Autonoma de México, México, Mexico
| | - D. Gallardo
- Instituto Nacional De Cancerologia, Tlalpan, Mexico; Universidad Nacional Autonoma de México, México, Mexico
| | - L. Tirado
- Instituto Nacional De Cancerologia, Tlalpan, Mexico; Universidad Nacional Autonoma de México, México, Mexico
| | - H. N. López-Basave
- Instituto Nacional De Cancerologia, Tlalpan, Mexico; Universidad Nacional Autonoma de México, México, Mexico
| | - D. Cantú
- Instituto Nacional De Cancerologia, Tlalpan, Mexico; Universidad Nacional Autonoma de México, México, Mexico
| | - C. Mendez
- Instituto Nacional De Cancerologia, Tlalpan, Mexico; Universidad Nacional Autonoma de México, México, Mexico
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Cetina L, Garcia-Arias A, Candelaria M, Cantú D, Rivera L, Coronel J, Bazan-Perkins B, Flores V, Gonzalez A, Dueñas-González A. Brachytherapy versus radical hysterectomy after external beam chemoradiation: a non-randomized matched comparison in IB2-IIB cervical cancer patients. World J Surg Oncol 2009; 7:19. [PMID: 19220882 PMCID: PMC2649933 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7819-7-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2008] [Accepted: 02/16/2009] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A current paradigm in the treatment of cervical cancer with radiation therapy is that intracavitary brachytherapy is an essential component of radical treatment. This is a matched retrospective comparison of the results of treatment in patients treated with external beam chemoradiation (EBRT-CT) and radical hysterectomy versus those treated with identical chemoradiation followed by brachytherapy. Methods In this non-randomized comparison EBRT-CT protocol was the same in both groups of 40 patients. In the standard treated patients, EBRT-CT was followed by one or two intracavitary Cesium (low-dose rate) applications within 2 weeks of finishing external radiation to reach a point A dose of at least 85 Gy. In the surgically treated patients, radical hysterectomy with bilateral pelvic lymph node dissection and para-aortic lymph node sampling were performed within 7 weeks after EBRT-CT. Response, toxicity and survival were evaluated. Results A total of 80 patients were analyzed. The patients receiving EBRT-CT and surgery were matched with the standard treated cases. There were no differences in the clinicopathological characteristics between groups or in the delivery of EBRT-CT. The pattern of acute and late toxicity differed. Standard treated patients had more chronic proctitis while the surgically treated had acute complications of surgery and hydronephrosis. At a maximum follow-up of 60 months, median follow-up 26 (2–31) and 22 (3–27) months for the surgery and standard therapy respectively, eight patients per group have recurred and died. The progression free and overall survival are the same in both groups. Conclusion The results of this study suggest that radical hysterectomy can be used after EBRT-CT without compromising survival in FIGO stage IB2-IIB cervical cancer patients in settings were brachytherapy is not available. A randomized study is needed to uncover the value of surgery after EBRT-CT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucely Cetina
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México/INCan, Mexico City, México.
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Cantú D, Nerinckx W, Reilly PJ. Theory and computation show that Asp463 is the catalytic proton donor in human endoplasmic reticulum α-(1→2)-mannosidase I. Carbohydr Res 2008; 343:2235-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2008.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2008] [Revised: 05/07/2008] [Accepted: 05/13/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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de la Cruz-Hernández E, Pérez-Cárdenas E, Contreras-Paredes A, Cantú D, Mohar A, Lizano M, Dueñas-González A. The effects of DNA methylation and histone deacetylase inhibitors on human papillomavirus early gene expression in cervical cancer, an in vitro and clinical study. Virol J 2007; 4:18. [PMID: 17324262 PMCID: PMC1819371 DOI: 10.1186/1743-422x-4-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2007] [Accepted: 02/26/2007] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The methylation status at the human papilloma virus (HPV) genome found in pre-invasive and invasive cervical lesions suggests that neoplastic transformation can be suppressed by gene hypermethylation, whereas hypomethylation accompanies or causes cancer progression; hence, epigenetic therapy aimed at reactivating cellular suppressor-gene expression has the potential to act as a tumor promoter by enhancing HPV oncoprotein expression in HPV-related malignancies. The objective of this study was to determine the influence of hydralazine and valproate on HPV oncogene expression in cervical cancer cell lines and the primary tumors of patients undergoing treatment with hydralazine and valproate. Results Overall, hydralazine and valproate either alone or combined exerted a growth inhibitory effect on cervical cancer cell lines. A cell line-specific up-regulating effect was observed on E6/E7 gene expression, which in general correlated with DNA hypomethylation and histone acetylation at the long control region (LCR). Nonetheless, E6/E7 expression was unchanged or decreased in the majority of patients with cervical cancer treated with hydralazine, valproate, or both. In some cervical cancer cell lines, these drugs led to increased transcription of p53, and increased its stabilization due to acetylation at lysines 273 and 282, which allowed a higher bax-protein transactivating effect. Conclusion The results of this study demonstrate that hydralazine and valproate can be safely administered to HPV-related malignancies such as cervical cancer because they do not increase viral oncoprotein expression. Most importantly, the antitumor effect of hydralazine and valproate in cervical cancer may at least partially depend on an up-regulating effect on p53 gene and on the valproate-induced hyperacetylation of p53 protein, protecting it from degradation by E6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erick de la Cruz-Hernández
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, UNAM/Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (IIB, UNAM/INCan), Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Adriana Contreras-Paredes
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, UNAM/Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (IIB, UNAM/INCan), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - David Cantú
- Department of Gynecology, INCan, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Mohar
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, UNAM/Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (IIB, UNAM/INCan), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Marcela Lizano
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, UNAM/Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (IIB, UNAM/INCan), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alfonso Dueñas-González
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, UNAM/Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (IIB, UNAM/INCan), Mexico City, Mexico
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Mora-García MDL, Duenas-González A, Hernández-Montes J, Weiss-Steider B, Santiago-Osorio E, Ortíz-Navarrete VF, Rosales VH, Cantú D, Lizano-Soberón M, Monroy-García A. Up-regulation of HLA class I antigen expression and antigen-specific CTL response in cervical cancer cells by the demethylating hydralazine and the histone deacetylase inhibitor valproic acid. BMC Cancer 2007. [PMCID: PMC1796555 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-7-s1-a12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Candelaria M, Cetina L, Garcia A, Wegman-Ostrosky T, Robles E, González-Fierro A, López-Graniel C, González A, Cantú D, Ribera L, Taja-Chayeb L, Trejo-Becerril C, Pérez-Cárdenas E, Pérez-Plasencia C, Chavez-Blanco A, Dueñas-González A. Epigenetic therapy with hydralazine and valproate associated to cisplatin chemoradiation in FIGO stage IIIB. A phase II study. BMC Cancer 2007. [PMCID: PMC1796572 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-7-s1-a28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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de la Cruz-Hernandez E, Contreras-Paredes A, Mohar A, Cantú D, Lizano M, Duenas-Gonzalez A. The effects of DNA methylation and histone deacetylase inhibitors upon the human papillomavirus early genes expression in cervical cancer. An in vitro and clinical study. BMC Cancer 2007. [PMCID: PMC1796569 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-7-s1-a25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
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Mora-García MDL, Duenas-González A, Hernández-Montes J, De la Cruz-Hernández E, Pérez-Cárdenas E, Weiss-Steider B, Santiago-Osorio E, Ortíz-Navarrete VF, Rosales VH, Cantú D, Lizano-Soberón M, Rojo-Aguilar MP, Monroy-García A. Up-regulation of HLA class-I antigen expression and antigen-specific CTL response in cervical cancer cells by the demethylating agent hydralazine and the histone deacetylase inhibitor valproic acid. J Transl Med 2006; 4:55. [PMID: 17192185 PMCID: PMC1781077 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-4-55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2006] [Accepted: 12/27/2006] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background DNA hypermethylation and histone deacetylation are epigenetic events that contribute to the absence or downregulated expression of different components of the tumor recognition complex. These events affect the processing and presentation of antigenic peptides to CTLs by HLA class-I molecules. In this work evaluated the effect of the DNA hypomethylating agent hydralazine and the histone deacetylase inhibitor valproic acid, on the expression of HLA class-I molecules and on the antigen-specific immune recognition of cervical cancer cells. Methods Cell lines C33A (HPV-), CaSki (HPV-16+) and MS751 (HPV-18+) were treated with hydralazine and valproic acid to assess the expression of HLA class-I molecules by flow cytometry and RT-PCR. Promoter methylation of HLA class-I -A, -B and C, was also evaluated by Methylation-Specific PCR. Primary cervical tumors of four HLA-A*0201 allele patients were typed for HPV and their CTL's stimulated in vitro with the T2 cell line previously loaded with 50 μM of the HPV peptides. Cytotoxicity of stimulated CTL's was assayed against Caski and MS751 cells pre-treated with hydralazine and valproic acid. Results Valproic acid and hydralazine/valproic acid up-regulated the constitutive HLA class-I expression as evaluated by flow cytometry and RT-PCR despite constitutive promoter demethylation at these loci. Hydralazine and valproic acid in combination but no IFN-gamma hyperacetylated histone H4 as evaluated by ChiP assay. The antigenic immune recognition of CaSki and MS751 cells by CTLs specific to HPV-16/18 E6 and E7-derived epitopes, was increased by VA and H/VA and the combination of H/VA/IFN-gamma. Conclusion These results support the potential use of hydralazine and valproic acid as an adjuvant for immune intervention in cervical cancer patients whenever clinical protocols based on tumor antigen recognition is desirable, like in those cases where the application of E6 and E7 based therapeutic vaccines is used.
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Affiliation(s)
- María de Lourdes Mora-García
- Laboratorio de Inmunobiología, Unidad de Investigación en Diferenciación Celular y Cáncer. FES-Zaragoza, UNAM, México
| | - Alfonso Duenas-González
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, UNAM, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, México
| | - Jorge Hernández-Montes
- Laboratorio de Inmunobiología, Unidad de Investigación en Diferenciación Celular y Cáncer. FES-Zaragoza, UNAM, México
- Alumno del Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas UNAM, México
| | - Erick De la Cruz-Hernández
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, UNAM, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, México
| | - Enrique Pérez-Cárdenas
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, UNAM, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, México
| | - Benny Weiss-Steider
- Laboratorio de Inmunobiología, Unidad de Investigación en Diferenciación Celular y Cáncer. FES-Zaragoza, UNAM, México
| | - Edelmiro Santiago-Osorio
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular del Cáncer, Unidad de Investigación en Diferenciación Celular y Cáncer, FES-Zaragoza, UNAM, México
| | | | | | - David Cantú
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, UNAM, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, México
| | - Marcela Lizano-Soberón
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, UNAM, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, México
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Espinosa M, Cantú D, Herrera N, Lopez CM, De la Garza JG, Maldonado V, Melendez-Zajgla J. Inhibitors of apoptosis proteins in human cervical cancer. BMC Cancer 2006; 6:45. [PMID: 16504151 PMCID: PMC1403791 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-6-45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2005] [Accepted: 02/27/2006] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background It has been shown that IAPs, in particular XIAP, survivin and c-IAP1, are overexpressed in several malignancies. In the present study we investigate the expression of c-IAP1, c-IAP2, XIAP and survivin and its isoforms in cervical cancer. Methods We used semiquantitative RT-PCR assays to analyze 41 cancer and 6 normal tissues. The study included 8 stage I cases; 16 stage II; 17 stageIII; and a control group of 6 samples of normal cervical squamous epithelial tissue. Results c-IAP2 and XIAP mRNA levels were similar among the samples, cervical tumors had lower c-IAP1 mRNA levels. Unexpectedly, a clear positive association was found between low levels of XIAP and disease relapse. A log-rank test showed a significant inverse association (p = 0.02) between XIAP expression and tumor aggressiveness, as indicated by disease relapse rates. There were no statistically significant differences in the presence or expression levels of c-IAP1 and c-IAP2 among any of the clinical variables studied. Survivin and its isoforms were undetectable in normal cervical tissues, in contrast with the clear upregulation observed in cancer samples. We found no association between survivin expression and age, clinical stage, histology or menopausal state. Nevertheless, we found that adenocarcinoma tumors expressed higher levels of survivin 2B and DeltaEx3 (p = 0.001 and p = 0.04 respectively, by Kruskal-Wallis). A multivariate Cox's partial likelihood-based analysis showed that only FIGO stage was an independent predictor of outcome. Conclusion There are no differences in the expression of c-IAP2 and XIAP between normal vs. cancer samples, but XIAP expression correlate in cervical cancer with relapse of this disease in the patients. Otherwise, c-IAP1 was downregulated in the cervical cancer samples. The expression of survivin was upregulated in the patients with cervical cancer. We have found that adenocarcinoma presented higher levels of survivin isoforms 2B and DeltaEx3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magali Espinosa
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica. Instituto Nacional de Cancerología. Mexico City, Mexico
| | - David Cantú
- Departamento de Ginecologia. Instituto Nacional de Cancerología. Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Norma Herrera
- Escuela de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carlos M Lopez
- Departamento de Ginecologia. Instituto Nacional de Cancerología. Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jaime G De la Garza
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica. Instituto Nacional de Cancerología. Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Vilma Maldonado
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica. Instituto Nacional de Cancerología. Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jorge Melendez-Zajgla
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica. Instituto Nacional de Cancerología. Mexico City, Mexico
- Research Division. Hospital Juarez de Mexico. Mexico City, Mexico
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Cetina L, Rivera L, Hinojosa J, Poitevin A, Uribe J, López-Graniel C, Cantú D, Candelaria M, de la Garza J, Dueñas-González A. Routine management of locally advanced cervical cancer with concurrent radiation and cisplatin. Five-year results. BMC Womens Health 2006; 6:3. [PMID: 16464243 PMCID: PMC1420274 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6874-6-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2005] [Accepted: 02/07/2006] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globally, cervical cancer primarily affects socially disadvantaged women. Five randomized trials were the foundation for adopting cisplatin-based chemotherapy during radiation as the standard of care for high-risk patients after primary radical hysterectomy who require adjuvant radiation and for locally advanced patients treated with definitive radiation. These results were obtained in clinical trials performed in carefully prepared academic centers; hence, we sought to determine whether these results could be reproduced when patients were treated on an out-of-protocol basis. METHODS We reviewed the files of 294 patients with locally advanced cervical cancer who received radiation plus weekly cisplatin as routine management between 1999 to 2003, and analyzed treatment compliance, response rate, toxicity, and survival. RESULTS A total of 294 patients who received radiation and cisplatin were analyzed. Mean age was 43.8 years (range, 26-68 years). The majority of cases were squamous cell carcinoma (87.8%), and distribution according to International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage was as follows: IB2-IIA, 23%; IIB, 53.3%, and IIIB, 23%; there were only two IVA cases. Overall, 96% of patients completed external beam, and intracavitary therapy. The majority of patients (67%) received the planned six courses of weekly cisplatin. Complete responses were achieved in 243 (83%) patients, whereas 51 (17%) had either persistent (32 patients, 10.8%) or progressive (19 patients, 6.4%) disease. At median follow-up (28 months; range, 2-68 months), 36 patients (12.2%) have relapsed (locally 30.5, and systemically, 69.5%). The most common toxicities were hematologic and gastrointestinal, in the majority of cases considered mild-moderate. At median follow-up (28 months; range, 2-68 months), overall and progression-free survival are 76.5 and 67%, respectively. CONCLUSION Our results support use of chemoradiation with six weekly applications of cisplatin at 40 mg/m2 during external radiation for routine management of locally advanced cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucely Cetina
- Division of Clinical Research, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Lesbia Rivera
- Division of Radiation Oncology, INCan, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José Hinojosa
- Division of Radiation Oncology, INCan, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Adela Poitevin
- Division of Radiation Oncology, INCan, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jesús Uribe
- Division of Clinical Research, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - David Cantú
- Division of Surgical Oncology, INCan, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Myrna Candelaria
- Division of Clinical Research, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jaime de la Garza
- Division of Clinical Research, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alfonso Dueñas-González
- Unit of Biomedical Research on Cancer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (IIB), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM)/INCan, Mexico City, México
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Candelaria M, Chanona-Vilchis J, Cetina L, Flores-Estrada D, López-Graniel C, González-Enciso A, Cantú D, Poitevin A, Rivera L, Hinojosa J, de la Garza J, Dueñas-Gonzalez A. Prognostic significance of pathological response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy or chemoradiation for locally advanced cervical carcinoma. Int Semin Surg Oncol 2006; 3:3. [PMID: 16457727 PMCID: PMC1386679 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7800-3-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2005] [Accepted: 02/03/2006] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Background Cisplatin-based chemoradiation is the standard of care for locally advanced cervical cancer patients; however, neoadjuvant modalities are currently being tested. Neoadjuvant studies in several tumor types have underscored the prognostic significance of pathological response for survival; however there is a paucity of studies in cervical cancer investigating this issue. Methods Four cohorts of patients with locally advanced cervical carcinoma (stages IB2-IIIB); included prospectively in phase II protocols of either neoadjuvant chemotherapy with 1) cisplatin-gemcitabine, 2) oxaliplatin-gemcitabine, 3) carboplatin-paclitaxel or 4) chemoradiation with cisplatin or cisplatin-gemcitabine followed by radical hysterectomy were analyzed for pathological response and survival. Results One-hundred and fifty three (86%) of the 178 patients treated within these trials, underwent radical hysterectomy and were analyzed. Overall, the mean age was 44.7 and almost two-thirds were FIGO stage IIB. Pathological response rates were as follows: Complete (pCR) in 60 cases (39.2%), Near-complete (p-Near-CR) in 24 (15.6 %) and partial (pPR) in 69 cases (45.1%). A higher proportion rate of pCR was observed in patients treated with chemoradiotherapy (with cisplatin [19/40, 47.5%]; or with cisplatin-gemcitabine [24/41, 58.5%] compared with patients receiving only chemotherapy, 6/23 (26%), 3/8 (37.5%) and 8/41 (19.5%) for cisplatin-gemcitabine, oxaliplatin-gemcitabine and carboplatin-paclitaxel respectively [p = 0.0001]). A total of 29 relapses (18.9%) were documented. The pathological response was the only factor influencing on relapse, since only 4/60 (6.6%) patients with pCR relapsed, compared with 25/93 (26.8%) patients with viable tumor, either pNear-CR or pPR (p = 0.001). Overall survival was 98.3% in patients with pCR versus 83% for patients with either pNear-CR or pPR (p = 0.009). Conclusion Complete pathological response but no Near-complete and partial responses is associated with longer survival in cervical cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myrna Candelaria
- Division of Clinical Research, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City
| | | | - Lucely Cetina
- Division of Clinical Research, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City
| | | | | | | | - David Cantú
- Gynecology-Oncology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City
| | - Adela Poitevin
- Division of Radiotherapy, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico city
| | - Lesbia Rivera
- Division of Radiotherapy, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico city
| | - Jose Hinojosa
- Division of Radiotherapy, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico city
| | - Jaime de la Garza
- Division of Clinical Research, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City
| | - Alfonso Dueñas-Gonzalez
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City
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