Effects of a family judo program on sleep quality in youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a family-based judo program on sleep quality in youth diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD).

METHODS

Eighteen youth (13.17 years ± 3.76, 78% male) diagnosed with ASD participated in a 14-week family judo program. Sleep quality was assessed using the Actigraph GT9X accelerometer pre- and post-judo intervention. Non-parametric paired t-tests were conducted to examine changes in sleep quality variables.

RESULTS

There was a significant increase in sleep efficiency (p = .05), and a significant decrease in both sleep latency (p = .001) and wake after sleep onset (p = .02) following participation in the judo program. There were no changes in sleep duration observed in this sample (p = .83).

CONCLUSION

Participation in a family judo program may improve sleep quality in youth with ASD. More research is necessary to understand the mechanisms by which judo may improve sleep quality in youth with ASD.

A case study on severe damage at a tunnel in serpentinite rock mass

Abstract

Face squeezing, floor heave, and buckling of invert were found after a 10-day holiday in 2014 around the serpentinite face of a tunnel in Hokkaido, Japan. The damage continued for over 2 months, extending 400 m toward the entrance causing a massive roof fall. The tunnel was excavated again with a circular section and extra-thick shotcrete, and the face had crossed the damaged part 6 years after the damage occurred. Uniaxial and triaxial compression tests were carried out to obtain the mechanical properties of the serpentinite to clarify the severe damage mechanism at the tunnel. The main experimental findings are as follows. The uniaxial compressive strength of the serpentinite samples was very low, and the ratio of the strength to the estimated overburden pressure was extremely low. The parameter n indicated that the time-dependent deformation of the serpentinite was not large but the same as ordinary rocks. All specimens showed strain-hardening in the triaxial compression test, and the friction angle was very low by the brucite content. Only primary creep was observed in the multistage triaxial creep test. The pressure on the shotcrete from rock mass for the damaged tunnel was enough to cause creep deformation and failure of shotcrete. From the above findings, designing the concrete lining that can support the earth and water pressure is recommended for tunnel excavation in such a weak serpentinite rock mass, particularly with a very low friction angle by brucite.

Highlights

Transition of a Judo Program from In-Person to Remote Delivery During COVID-19 for Youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder

OBJECTIVES

To examine the feasibility of a remote judo program for high school students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) during the COVID-19 pandemic.

METHODS

Nine high school students with ASD had been participating in an in-person judo program that transitioned to a livestream format once the stay-at-home orders were mandated. The students completed surveys regarding their experience with the remote sessions. Their classroom teacher completed a semi-structured interview regarding the advantages and disadvantages of the remote format.

RESULTS

Eight out of the nine students attended 92% of the remote classes. All nine students reported feeling satisfied with the remote judo sessions. Reported benefits of the remote format included the structured routine during the pandemic and the opportunity for physical activity. Disadvantages included a lack of space and lack of one-on-one instruction.

CONCLUSIONS

The remote judo program appeared to be both feasible and acceptable for youth with ASD.

Brief report: The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on health behaviors in adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder

BACKGROUND

There is concern that the COVID-19 pandemic may negatively affect health behaviors in youth, especially youth diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD).

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this paper was to examine changes in physical activity, screen-time, and sleep in adolescents with ASD due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

METHODS

Nine adolescents with ASD completed surveys measuring physical activity, screen-time, and sleep duration prior to and during the pandemic.

RESULTS

A significant decrease in days of physical activity (4.17 vs 2.27; p = 0.0006), and a significant increase in hours of both weekday (3.69 vs 6.25; p = 0.007) and weekend screen-time (5.94 vs. 7.39; p = 0.004) was observed during the pandemic. No changes regarding sleep duration was observed.

CONCLUSIONS

Although preliminary, results suggest that physical activity and screen-time may be negatively affected by the COVID-19 outbreak in youth with ASD. The development of interventions to promote health behaviors in ASD populations during long periods of less-structured time (quarantine) should be considered.

Toll-like receptor 9 is a novel therapeutic target to prevent atrial fibrillation

Background

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common type of arrhythmia seen in clinical practice. Recent studies suggest that inflammation contributes to the pathogenesis of AF. On the other hand, several evidence suggests that toll-like receptor (TLR) 9 recognizes bacterial DNA, activating innate immunity, whereas it also provokes inflammation in response to fragmented DNA released from mammalian cells. Recently, we have reported that TLR 9 plays a pivotal role in the development of vascular inflammation and atherogenesis through proinflammatory activation of macrophages.

Purpose

This study aimed to assess whether TLR9 contributes to the AF arrhythmogenesis.

Methods

TLR9 deficient (TLR9−/−) and wild-type mice were infused with angiotensin II (Ang II) or vehicle via an osmotic minipump for 4 weeks. Blood pressure and body weight were measured serially. Then, we examined AF inducibility by intracardiac electrophysiological study and the inflammation-induced atrial remodeling by biochemical analysis after 4 weeks of Ang II infusion.

Results

There was no significant difference in blood pressure and pulse rate between TLR9−/− and wild-type mice both before and after Ang II infusion. Ang II-treated TLR9−/− mice showed lower incidence of AF compared with wild-type mice treated with Ang II. Genetic deletion of TLR9 significantly reduced the interstitial fibrosis in atrium of Ang II-treated mice. TLR9−/− mice also showed less mRNA expressions of inflammatory and fibrosis-related biomarkers (TNF-α, interleukin-6, TGF-β, collagen-1, collagen-3) in atrium compared with wild-type mice.

Conclusions

TLR9 might contribute to the AF arrhythmogenesis associated with atrial inflammation. TLR9 might serve as a potential therapeutic target for AF.

Funding Acknowledgement

Type of funding source: None

Search for Electron Antineutrino Appearance in a Long-Baseline Muon Antineutrino Beam

Electron antineutrino appearance is measured by the T2K experiment in an accelerator-produced antineutrino beam, using additional neutrino beam operation to constrain parameters of the Pontecorvo-Maki-Nakagawa-Sakata (PMNS) mixing matrix. T2K observes 15 candidate electron antineutrino events with a background expectation of 9.3 events. Including information from the kinematic distribution of observed events, the hypothesis of no electron antineutrino appearance is disfavored with a significance of 2.40σ and no discrepancy between data and PMNS predictions is found. A complementary analysis that introduces an additional free parameter which allows non-PMNS values of electron neutrino and antineutrino appearance also finds no discrepancy between data and PMNS predictions.

P2867Vildagliptin reduces inducibility of atrial fibrillation in hypertensive rats complicated with diabetes mellitus

Background

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia in clinical practice, increasing the incidence of ischemic stroke. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a predictor of stroke and thromboembolism, and it was reported to be an independent risk factor for AF. A recent study has shown that, in obese mice with diabetes, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor prevents myocardial fibrosis, active oxygen stress, weight loss and improves myocardial hypertrophy. However, the effects of DPP-4 inhibitors on atrial remodeling associated with diabetes and atrial fibrillation have not yet been clarified.

Purpose

This study was performed to assess whether a DPP-4 inhibitor (vildagliptin) ameliorates atrial remodeling in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) with streptozotocin-induced diabetes.

Methods

Rats were divided into 3 groups: SHR without DM, SHR with DM treated with vehicle and SHR-DM treated with vildagliptin (3mg/kg/day; intragastric gavage). For each group, blood pressure, blood glucose level and body weight were measured serially. Cardiac function was also evaluated by echocardiography. Then, we examined AF inducibility by intracardiac electrophysiological study and the inflammation-induced atrial remodeling by biochemical analysis after 4 weeks of treatment.

Results

There was no significant difference in blood pressure and blood gucose level between vehicle and vildagliptin groups. Administration of vildagliptin significantly reduced AF inducibility compared with rats with vehicle. In DM rats treated with vehicle, rapid atrial pacing promoted the gene expression of inflammatory and fibrosis-related biomarkers (TNF-α, MCP-1, collagen-1) in atrium. Vildagliptin reduced these gene expression levels. In addition, administration of vildagliptin significantly reduced the interstitial fibrosis in atrium.

Conclusions

DPP-4 inhibitor, vildagliptin. could prevent atrial inflammation and reduce the AF inducibility in SHR complicated with DM.

P3111Empagliflozin, a SGLT2 inhibitor, attenuates endothelial dysfunction and atherogenesis by inhibiting inflammatory responses in the vasculature and adipose tissue in diabetic apolipoprotein E-deficient

Background

Inflammation and oxidative stress associated with hyperglycemia are major causes of vascular dysfunction and cardiovascular complications in diabetes. Recent studies reported that cardioprotective effects of sodium glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, however underlying mechanisms are still obscure.

Purpose

The aim of this study was to investigate whether empagliflozin attenuates atherogenesis and endothelial dysfunction in diabetic apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE−/−) mice and investigated underlying mechanisms.

Methods

ApoE−/− mice were injected with streptozotocin (75 mg/kg) for 3 consecutive days. One week after last injection, a western type diet and administration of empagliflozin (20 mg/kg/day) or vehicle via oral gavage were started. Atherosclerotic plaque area was examined by en face Sudan IV staining. Lipid deposition and inflammatory features of atherosclerotic plaques was examined on lesions in the aortic root by immunohistochemical analysis. Vascular function was assessed by isometric tension recording. mRNA or protein expression level was examined by quantitative RT-PCR (qPCR) or western blot analysis, respectively. In in vitro experiments, murine macrophage cell line, RAW264.7, was used.

Results

Treatment with empagliflozin for 12 weeks significantly decreased atherosclerotic plaque size in the aortic arch compared with untreated group (p<0.01). Empagliflozin reduced blood glucose (p<0.001) and plasma lipid levels. Results of histological analyses revealed that empagliflozin decreased lipid deposition, macrophage accumulation, and the expression of inflammatory molecules in the aortic root. Empagliflozin treatment for 8 weeks significantly attenuated endothelial dysfunction as determined by vascular response to acetylcholine. qPCR results demonstrated that empagliflozin reduced the expression of inflammatory molecules such as MCP-1 (p<0.05), ICAM-1 (p<0.05) and Nox-2 (p<0.05), a major NADPH oxidase subunit, in the aorta compared with the untreated group. Furthermore, empagliflozin significantly mitigated the expression of these inflammatory molecules in fat tissues around the aortic arch as determined by qPCR. In in vitro studies, methylglyoxal (MGO), a precursor of AGEs, increased the expression of inflammatory molecules (e.g., MCP-1, IL-1b and TNF-a (p<0.05, respectively)) in RAW264.7 cells. MGO also significantly induced activation of JNK and p38 MAP kinase (p<0.001, respectively) in this cell-type.

Conclusions

Empagliflozin attenuated endothelial dysfunction and atherogenesis in diabetic ApoE−/− mice. Reduction of inflammation in the vasculature and peri-vascular adipose tissues may have a role as underlying mechanisms at least partially.

P722Glycemic control with canagliflozin, a SGLT-2 inhibitor, attenuates atherosclerosis and endothelial dysfunction in diabetic apolipoprotein e-deficient mice

Background

Canagliflozin is a SGLT-2 inhibitor, a novel type of drug for type 2 diabetes mellitus treatment. Recent studies have shown that SGLT-2 inhibitors reduce cardiovascular events, although the mechanism is still unknown.

Purpose

The aim of our study was to examine the effect of canagliflozin on vascular endothelial cell.

Method

Eight-week-old apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE−/−) mice were treated with streptozotocin (STZ, 75 mg/kg/day) in three consecutive days by intraperitoneal injection to induce diabetes. Diabetic ApoE−/− mice were treated with canagliflozin (30 mg/kg/day) by gavage for 12 weeks or 8 weeks to examine its effect on atherosclerosis or endothelial function, respectively.

Results

Canagliflozin significantly decreased blood glucose level (P<0.001), triglyceride level (P<0.05), and total cholesterol level (P<0.05). Sudan IV staining on the aortic arch showed that canagliflozin decreased atherosclerotic lesion progression (P<0.05). Histological analyses using atherosclerotic lesions in the aortic root showed that canagliflozin reduced lipid disposition (P<0.01), macrophage accumulation (P<0.001, and expression of adhesion molecules such as ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 (P<0.01, and P<0.05 respectively). Canagliflozin also attenuated the development of endothelial dysfunction as determined by acetylcholine-dependent vasodilation (P<0.05), and reduced the expression of inflammatory molecules, such as ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 (P<0.01), also MCP-1, F4/80, IL6, and iNOS (P<0.05) in the aorta. Canagliflozin reduced oxidative stress as determined by the reduction of the expression of NOX2, NOX4, p22phox, p47phox in the aorta and by the urinary excretion of 8-OHdG. In in vitro experiment using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), methylglyoxal (MGO), a precursor of advanced glycation end products, significantly increased the expression of inflammatory molecules such as ICAM-1, MCP-1, and p22phox in (P<0.05, respectively). MGO also decreased the phosphorylation of eNOSser1177 and Akt, and increased phosphorylation of P38 MAPK in HUVEC.

Conclusion

Glucose lowering effect by canagliflozin attenuates the development of endothelial dysfunction and atherogenesis in diabetic ApoE−/− mice. Anti-inflammatory effect due to the reduction of glucose toxicity on endothelial cells might be one of the mechanisms.

Effects of Rapid Weight Loss on Balance and Reaction Time in Elite Judo Athletes

Balance, reaction time, and strength are key factors affecting judo performance. Although ample research has been done examining potential strength changes caused by weight loss prior to competition, changes in balance and reaction time have been overlooked.

PURPOSE

To examine the effects of rapid and progressive weight loss (RWL and PWL) on balance, reaction time, and strength in a group of elite judo athletes.

METHODS

A total of 38 female and male judo athletes (age = 20.6 [2.6] y) completed balance, reaction-time, and strength assessments 1 wk prior to an official weigh-in (pretest) and immediately after the weigh-in (posttest). The athletes were divided into 3 groups, 1 control group who maintained regular training and eating habits, 1 experimental group who engaged in PWL (<3% reductions in body mass), and a second experimental group who used RWL techniques (>3% reductions in body mass).

RESULTS

The RWL group showed significant decreases (P < .05) in balance performance (ellipse area: 4.83 [0.87] vs 6.31 [1.39] mm2 with eyes closed; mean mediolateral velocity: 2.07 [0.2] vs 2.52 [0.45] mm·s-1 with eyes closed; and mean anteroposterior velocity: 2.25 [0.20] vs 2.51 [0.32] mm·s-1 with eyes open and 2.44 [0.26] vs 3.06 [0.56] mm·s-1 with eyes closed) and reaction time (0.38 [0.04] vs 0.42 [0.06] s) with no changes in strength from pretesting to posttesting. The athletes in the PWL and control groups maintained performance in all variables.

CONCLUSION

These findings demonstrate negative effects on perceptual motor-skill performance in judo athletes engaging in RWL strategies prior to competition.

Search for CP Violation in Neutrino and Antineutrino Oscillations by the T2K Experiment with 2.2×10^{21} Protons on Target

The T2K experiment measures muon neutrino disappearance and electron neutrino appearance in accelerator-produced neutrino and antineutrino beams. With an exposure of 14.7(7.6)×10^{20} protons on target in the neutrino (antineutrino) mode, 89 ν_{e} candidates and seven anti-ν_{e} candidates are observed, while 67.5 and 9.0 are expected for δ_{CP}=0 and normal mass ordering. The obtained 2σ confidence interval for the CP-violating phase, δ_{CP}, does not include the CP-conserving cases (δ_{CP}=0, π). The best-fit values of other parameters are sin^{2}θ_{23}=0.526_{-0.036}^{+0.032} and Δm_{32}^{2}=2.463_{-0.070}^{+0.071}×10^{-3}  eV^{2}/c^{4}.

Search for Boosted Dark Matter Interacting with Electrons in Super-Kamiokande

A search for boosted dark matter using 161.9 kt yr of Super-Kamiokande IV data is presented. We search for an excess of elastically scattered electrons above the atmospheric neutrino background, with a visible energy between 100 MeV and 1 TeV, pointing back to the Galactic center or the Sun. No such excess is observed. Limits on boosted dark matter event rates in multiple angular cones around the Galactic center and Sun are calculated. Limits are also calculated for a baseline model of boosted dark matter produced from cold dark matter annihilation or decay. This is the first experimental search for boosted dark matter from the Galactic center or the Sun interacting in a terrestrial detector.

Combined Analysis of Neutrino and Antineutrino Oscillations at T2K

T2K reports its first results in the search for CP violation in neutrino oscillations using appearance and disappearance channels for neutrino- and antineutrino-mode beams. The data include all runs from January 2010 to May 2016 and comprise 7.482×10^{20} protons on target in neutrino mode, which yielded in the far detector 32 e-like and 135  μ-like events, and 7.471×10^{20} protons on target in antineutrino mode, which yielded 4 e-like and 66  μ-like events. Reactor measurements of sin^{2}2θ_{13} have been used as an additional constraint. The one-dimensional confidence interval at 90% for the phase δ_{CP} spans the range (-3.13, -0.39) for normal mass ordering. The CP conservation hypothesis (δ_{CP}=0, π) is excluded at 90% C.L.

Measurement of Coherent π^{+} Production in Low Energy Neutrino-Carbon Scattering

We report the first measurement of the flux-averaged cross section for charged current coherent π^{+} production on carbon for neutrino energies less than 1.5 GeV, and with a restriction on the final state phase space volume in the T2K near detector, ND280. Comparisons are made with predictions from the Rein-Sehgal coherent production model and the model by Alvarez-Ruso et al., the latter representing the first implementation of an instance of the new class of microscopic coherent models in a neutrino interaction Monte Carlo event generator. We observe a clear event excess above background, disagreeing with the null results reported by K2K and SciBooNE in a similar neutrino energy region. The measured flux-averaged cross sections are below those predicted by both the Rein-Sehgal and Alvarez-Ruso et al.

Measurement of Muon Antineutrino Oscillations with an Accelerator-Produced Off-Axis Beam

T2K reports its first measurements of the parameters governing the disappearance of ν[over ¯]_{μ} in an off-axis beam due to flavor change induced by neutrino oscillations. The quasimonochromatic ν[over ¯]_{μ} beam, produced with a peak energy of 0.6 GeV at J-PARC, is observed at the far detector Super-Kamiokande, 295 km away, where the ν[over ¯]_{μ} survival probability is expected to be minimal. Using a data set corresponding to 4.01×10^{20} protons on target, 34 fully contained μ-like events were observed. The best-fit oscillation parameters are sin^{2}(θ[over ¯]_{23})=0.45 and |Δm[over ¯]_{32}^{2}|=2.51×10^{-3}  eV^{2} with 68% confidence intervals of 0.38-0.64 and 2.26-2.80×10^{-3}  eV^{2}, respectively. These results are in agreement with existing antineutrino parameter measurements and also with the ν_{μ} disappearance parameters measured by T2K.

Trilateral optical powermeter comparison between NIST, NMIJ/AIST, and METAS

We describe the results of a comparison of reference standards between three National Metrology Institutes: the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST, USA), the National Metrology Institute of Japan/National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (NMIJ/AIST, Japan), and the Federal Office of Metrology (METAS, Switzerland). Open-beam- (free field) and optical-fiber-based measurements at wavelengths of 1302 and 1546 nm are reported. Three laboratories' reference standards are compared by means of two temperature-controlled, optical trap detectors. Measurement results show the largest differences of less than 4.2 parts in 10(3), which is within the expanded (k=2) uncertainty for the laboratories' reference standards.

Relation between aortic stiffness and coronary flow reserve in patients with coronary artery disease

OBJECTIVES

To investigate the relation between aortic stiffness and coronary flow reserve (CFR) in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).

DESIGN

Observational study.

SETTING

Coronary care unit of a primary care hospital.

PATIENTS

192 consecutive patients who underwent coronary angiography.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE

Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (ba-PWV), CFR, and severity of CAD.

RESULTS

According to the angiographic findings, patients were divided into four subgroups: patients without significant stenosis (normal coronary artery (NCA) group, n = 28) and those with one vessel disease (1VD group, n = 92), two vessel disease (2VD group, n = 50), or three vessel disease (3VD group, n = 22). ba-PWV increased with the number of diseased vessels and was significantly correlated with the number of diseased vessels (NCA group v 1VD group v 2VD group v 3VD group: 1481 (252) v 1505 (278) v 1577 (266) v 1727 (347) cm/s, p < 0.001). CFR had a significant negative correlation with ba-PWV (r = -0.45, p < 0.0001). The diastolic to systolic velocity ratio obtained in 45 patients also was significantly correlated with ba-PWV (r = -0.35, p < 0.05). Multiple regression analysis showed that ba-PWV was an independent determinant of CFR (p < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONS

Coronary flow is altered with aortic stiffening in patients with CAD. These results suggest one possible mechanism for recent reports that aortic stiffness is a key cardiovascular risk factor.

Implications of plasma concentrations of adiponectin in patients with coronary artery disease

OBJECTIVE

To investigate whether concentrations of plasma adiponectin constitute a significant coronary risk factor, with particular focus on the relation between plasma concentrations of adiponectin and the development of acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

SUBJECTS AND METHODS

Plasma concentrations of adiponectin were measured in 123 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and in 17 control participants. Patients were divided into three groups according to condition type: acute myocardial infarction (AMI) group (n = 59), unstable angina pectoris (UAP) group (n = 28), and stable angina pectoris (SAP) group (n = 36).

RESULTS

Plasma concentrations of adiponectin correlated negatively with body mass index (r = -0.18, p < 0.05), serum triglyceride (r = -0.25, p < 0.01), and fasting glucose concentrations (r = -0.21, p < 0.05), but correlated positively with age (r = 0.26, p < 0.01), high density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations (r = 0.35, p < 0.01), and low density lipoprotein particle size (r = 0.37, p < 0.01). Plasma concentrations of adiponectin in patients with ACS, in both the AMI and UAP groups, were significantly lower than those in patients with SAP and in the control group (ACS, 6.5 (3.0) microg/ml; SAP, 11.3 (5.9) micro g/ml; control 12.8 (4.3) microg/ml; p < 0.01). Additionally, plasma concentrations of adiponectin in patients with CAD (7.9 (4.6) microg/ml, p < 0.01) were significantly lower than in the control group. There were, however, no significant differences between patients with SAP and the control group (p = 0.36). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that smoking, fasting glucose concentration, and low log adiponectin concentration correlated independently with the development of an ACS.

CONCLUSIONS

The findings suggest that measurement of plasma concentrations of adiponectin may be of use for assessing the risk of CAD and may be related to the development of ACS.

Assessment of myocardial viability using coronary zero flow pressure after successful angioplasty in patients with acute anterior myocardial infarction

OBJECTIVES

To investigate the relation between coronary flow reserve (CFR), coronary zero flow pressure (Pzf), and residual myocardial viability in patients with acute myocardial infarction.

DESIGNS

Prospective study.

SETTING

Primary care hospital.

PATIENTS

27 consecutive patients with acute anterior myocardial infarction.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES

F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) was used in 27 patients who underwent successful intervention within 12 hours of onset of a first acute anterior myocardial infarction. Within three days before discharge they had < 25% stenosis in the culprit lesion as determined by angiography 24 (3) days after acute myocardial infarction. Pzf and the slope index of the flow-pressure relation (SIFP) were calculated from the simultaneously recorded aortic pressure and coronary flow velocity signals at peak hyperaemia.%FDG was quantified by comparing FDG uptake in the infarct myocardium with FDG uptake in the normal myocardium.

RESULTS

There was a correlation between %FDG and CFR, where y = -1.477x + 62.517, r = -0.072 (NS). There was also a correlation between %FDG and SIFP, where y = -0.975x + 60.542, r = -0.045 (NS), and a significant correlation between %FDG and Pzf, where y = -0.98x + 85.108, r = -0.696 (p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

CFR does not correlate with FDG-PET at the time of postreperfusion evaluation of residual myocardial viability. The parameter that correlates best with residual myocardial viability is Pzf and this may be a useful index for predicting patient prognosis.