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Janz S, Dedyulin S, Xu DX, Vachon M, Wang S, Cheriton R, Weber J. Measurement accuracy in silicon photonic ring resonator thermometers: identifying and mitigating intrinsic impairments. Opt Express 2024; 32:551-575. [PMID: 38175082 DOI: 10.1364/oe.499055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Silicon photonic ring resonator thermometers have been shown to provide temperature measurements with a 10 mK accuracy. In this work we identify and quantify the intrinsic on-chip impairments that may limit further improvement in temperature measurement accuracy. The impairments arise from optically induced changes in the waveguide effective index, and from back-reflections and scattering at defects and interfaces inside the ring cavity and along the path between light source and detector. These impairments are characterized for 220 × 500 nm Si waveguide rings by experimental measurement in a calibrated temperature bath and by phenomenological models of ring response. At different optical power levels both positive and negative light induced resonance shifts are observed. For a ring with L = 100 µm cavity length, the self-heating induced resonance red shift can alter the temperature reading by 200 mK at 1 mW incident power, while a small blue shift is observed below 100 µW. The effect of self-heating is shown to be effectively suppressed by choosing longer ring cavities. Scattering and back-reflections often produce split and distorted resonance line shapes. Although these distortions can vary with resonance order, they are almost completely invariant with temperature for a given resonance and do not lead to measurement errors in themselves. The effect of line shape distortions can largely be mitigated by tracking only selected resonance orders with negligible shape distortion, and by measuring the resonance minimum wavelength directly, rather than attempting to fit the entire resonance line shape. The results demonstrate the temperature error due to these impairments can be limited to below the 3 mK level through appropriate design choices and measurement procedures.
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Janz S, Xu DX, Grinberg Y, Wang S, Vachon M, Cheben P, Schmid JH, Melati D. Optical wavefront phase-tilt measurement using Si-photonic waveguide grating couplers. Opt Lett 2023; 48:6236-6239. [PMID: 38039235 DOI: 10.1364/ol.506013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Silicon photonic wavefront phase-tilt sensors for wavefront monitoring using surface coupling grating arrays are demonstrated. The first design employs the intrinsic angle dependence of the grating coupling efficiency to determine local wavefront tilt, with a measured sensitivity of 7 dB/°. The second design connects four gratings in an interferometric waveguide circuit to determine incident wavefront phase variation across the sensor area. In this device, one fringe spacing corresponds to 2° wavefront tilt change. These sensor elements sample a wavefront incident on the chip surface without the use of bulk optic elements, fiber arrays, or imaging arrays. Both sensor elements are less than 60 µm across and are potential unit cell sensor elements for large arrays that monitor wavefront shape across an image or pupil plane in adaptive optics systems for free-space optical communications, astronomy, and beam pointing applications.
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Yang LC, Zhang RT, Xu L, Wang YT, Xu DX, Zhu D, Tang YD. [Effect of "one-stop" outpatient management on the control rate of multiple metabolic disorders patients]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2022; 102:3698-3703. [PMID: 36509542 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20220531-01195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the effect of "one-stop" outpatient management on the therapeutic schedule and control rate of patients with metabolic disorders. Methods: A total of 332 patients who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled and treated regularly in the "one-stop" outpatient department of the Department of Cardiology of the Third Hospital of Peking University from November 1, 2020 to April 30, 2022. The general information, personal history, family history, drug treatment plan, blood pressure, height, weight, waist circumference, and hip circumference of patients were collected through the outpatient electronic medical record system, and patients were followed up through conducting "one-stop" comprehensive management. The baseline clinical characteristics were analyzed, and the changes of metabolic indexes, treatment conditions and control rate of patients with different metabolic disorders before and after the "one-stop" outpatient management were compared. Results: The time interval between the first visit and the last visit was 44 (26, 60) weeks in 332 patients, whose age was (57.2±13.2) years, including 219 males (66.0%). After the "one-stop" outpatient management, fasting blood glucose (FBG) [ 6.6 (5.6, 7.9) mmol/L vs 6.3 (5.6, 6.9) mmol/L], glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) [ (7.2±1.5) % vs (6.6±0.8) %], low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) [ 2.70 (1.97, 3.55) mmol/L vs 2.04 (1.66, 2.63) mmol/L] and blood uric acid (UA) [ (383.7±107.1) μmol/L vs (341.2±90.6) μmol/L] all decreased significantly (all P values<0.05). The control rates of hypertension (19.8% vs 28.2%), diabetes (45.2% vs 66.5%), hyperlipidemia (54.9% vs 87.6%) and hyperuricemia (16.7% vs 49.0%) were significantly improved after the "one-stop" outpatient management (all P values<0.05). Conclusion: The "one-stop" outpatient management of cardiovascular department can significantly improve the metabolic condition and the control rate of patients with multiple metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- L C Yang
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing 100191, China
| | - R T Zhang
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing 100191, China
| | - L Xu
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Y T Wang
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing 100191, China
| | - D X Xu
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing 100191, China
| | - D Zhu
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Y D Tang
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing 100191, China
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Abstract
Sepsis is a life-threatening multiple organ dysfunction syndrome caused by infection, and kidney is one of the most organs susceptible to injury in sepsis. Critical ill patients with sepsis often suffer from acute kidney injury (AKI) of varying degrees with a high mortality. There are more and more researches on the early identification, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of acute kidney injury in sepsis. In order to improve the understanding and reduce the mortality of acute kidney injury, this review briefly discussed the early identification, physio-pathologic mechanism, treatment, prognosis and follow up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y M Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Y Zhu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - J Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - D X Xu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Y Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - F Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Z Y Peng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
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Chen YH, Liu ZB, Ma L, Zhang ZC, Fu L, Yu Z, Chen W, Song YP, Wang P, Wang H, Xu DX. Gestational vitamin D deficiency causes placental insufficiency and fetal intrauterine growth restriction partially through inducing placental inflammation. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2020; 203:105733. [PMID: 32784046 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2020.105733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Several epidemiological studies suggest an association between vitamin D deficiency (VDD) and fetal intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). Here, we explored the mechanism through which VDD induced fetal IUGR. Pregnant mice were fed with VDD diet to establish VDD model. Cyp27b1+/- mice were generated to develop a model of active vitamin D3 deficiency. Cyp27b1+/- mice were injected with either 1α,25(OH)2D3 or vehicle once a day throughout pregnancy. As expected, fetal weight and crown-rump length were reduced in VDD diet-fed mice. Correspondingly, fetal weight and crown-rump length were lower in cyp27b1+/- mice. 1α,25(OH)2D3 elevated fetal weight and crown-rump length, and protected cyp27b1+/- mice from fetal IUGR. Further analysis found that placental proliferation was inhibited and placental weight was decreased in VDD diet-fed mice. Several growth factors and nutrient transfer pumps were downregulated in the placentas of VDD diet-fed mice. Mechanistically, several inflammatory cytokines were upregulated and placental NF-κB was activated not only in VDD diet-fed mice but also in VDD pregnant women. Interestingly, 1α,25(OH)2D3 inhibited the downregulated of placental nutrient transfer pumps and the upregulated of placental inflammatory cytokines in Cyp27b1+/- mice. These results provide experimental evidence that gestational VDD causes placental insufficiency and fetal IUGR may be through inducing placental inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Hua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Department of Histology and Embryology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Zhi Bing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Li Ma
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Zhi Cheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Lin Fu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Zhen Yu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Ya Ping Song
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - De Xiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
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Li L, Chen W, Ma L, Liu ZB, Lu X, Gao XX, Liu Y, Wang H, Zhao M, Li XL, Cong L, Xu DX, Chen YH. Continuous association of total bile acid levels with the risk of small for gestational age infants. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9257. [PMID: 32518361 PMCID: PMC7283485 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66138-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The association between maternal serum total bile acid (TBA) levels and small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants is unclear. We investigated the association between various degrees of serum TBA levels and the risk of SGA infants in a Chinese population. The current study performed a cohort study among 11811 mothers with singleton pregnancy. Subjects were divided into seven categories according to maternal serum TBA levels. Interestingly, birth sizes were reduced, whereas the rate of SGA infants was increased across increasing categories of serum TBA. Compared to category 1, adjusted ORs (95%CI) for SGA infants were 0.99 (0.82-1.21) in category 2, 1.22 (0.97-1.53) in category 3, 1.99 (1.53-2.58) in category 4, 2.91 (2.16-3.93) in category 5, 4.29 (3.33-5.54) in category 6, and 9.01 (5.99-13.53) in category 7, respectively. Furthermore, adjusted ORs (95%CI) for SGA infants for each 1-SD increase in serum TBA levels were 1.36 (1.29-1.43) among all subjects, 2.40 (1.82-3.45) among subjects without cholestasis, and 1.13 (1.06-1.22) among subjects with cholestasis, respectively. These results suggest that gestational cholestasis increases the risk of SGA infants. Additionally, our results indicate strong, continuous associations of serum TBA levels below those diagnostic of cholestasis with a decreased birth sizes and an increased risk of SGA infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, HeFei, 230022, China
| | - Wei Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Li Ma
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Zhi Bing Liu
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xue Lu
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xing Xing Gao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Yan Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Hua Wang
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Mei Zhao
- School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xiao Lan Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, HeFei, 230022, China
| | - Lin Cong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, HeFei, 230022, China
| | - De Xiang Xu
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Yuan Hua Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China. .,Implantation and Placental Development Laboratory, Centre for Reproductive Health, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia.
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Chen YH, Li L, Chen W, Liu ZB, Ma L, Gao XX, He JL, Wang H, Zhao M, Yang YY, Xu DX. Pre-pregnancy underweight and obesity are positively associated with small-for-gestational-age infants in a Chinese population. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15544. [PMID: 31664141 PMCID: PMC6820714 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52018-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The association between suboptimal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants is not well defined. We investigated the association between pre-pregnancy BMI and the risk of SGA infants in a Chinese population. We performed a cohort study among 12029 mothers with a pregnancy. This cohort consisted of pregnant women that were: normal-weight (62.02%), underweight (17.09%), overweight (17.77%) and obese (3.12%). Birth sizes were reduced in the underweight and obese groups compared with the normal-weight group. Linear regression analysis indicated that birth size was positively associated with BMI in both the underweight and normal-weight groups. Further analysis showed that 12.74% of neonates were SGA infants in the underweight group, higher than 7.43% of neonates reported in the normal-weight group (adjusted RR = 1.92; 95% CI: 1.61, 2.30). Unexpectedly, 17.60% of neonates were SGA infants in the obese group, much higher than the normal-weight group (adjusted RR = 2.17; 95% CI: 1.57, 3.00). Additionally, 18.40% of neonates were large-for-gestational-age (LGA) infants in the obese group, higher than 7.26% of neonates reported in the normal-weight group (adjusted RR = 3.00; 95% CI: 2.21, 4.06). These results suggest that pre-pregnancy underweight increases the risk of SGA infants, whereas obesity increases the risks of not only LGA infants, but also SGA infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Hua Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China. .,School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China. .,Implantation and Placental Development Laboratory, Centre for Reproductive Health, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia.
| | - Li Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Wei Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Zhi Bing Liu
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Li Ma
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xing Xing Gao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Jia Liu He
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Hua Wang
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Mei Zhao
- School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Yuan Yuan Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - De Xiang Xu
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
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Zhao M, Yuan MM, Yuan L, Huang LL, Liao JH, Yu XL, Su C, Chen YH, Yang YY, Yu H, Xu DX. Chronic folate deficiency induces glucose and lipid metabolism disorders and subsequent cognitive dysfunction in mice. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0202910. [PMID: 30153273 PMCID: PMC6112663 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that folate levels were decreased in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and further lowered in T2D patients with cognitive impairment. However, whether folate deficiency could cause T2D and subsequent cognitive dysfunction is still unknown. The present study aimed to explore the effects of chronic folate deficiency (CFD) on glucose and lipid metabolism and cognitive function in mice. Seven-week-old mice were fed with either a CFD or control diet for 25 weeks. Serum folate was significantly reduced, whereas serum total homocysteine was significantly increased in the CFD group. Moreover, CFD induced obesity after a 6-week diet treatment, glucose intolerance and insulin resistance after a 16-week-diet treatment. In addition, CFD reduced the hepatic p-Akt/Akt ratio in response to acute insulin administration. Moreover, CFD increased serum triglyceride levels, upregulated hepatic Acc1 and Fasn mRNA expression, and downregulated hepatic Cd36 and ApoB mRNA expression. After a 24-week diet treatment, CFD induced anxiety-related activities and impairment of spatial learning and memory performance. This study demonstrates that folate deficiency could induce obesity, glucose and lipid metabolism disorders and subsequent cognitive dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Zhao
- School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, China
| | - Man Man Yuan
- School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Li Yuan
- School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Li Li Huang
- School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jian Hong Liao
- School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiao Ling Yu
- School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Chang Su
- School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yuan Hua Chen
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, China
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yu Ying Yang
- School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Huan Yu
- School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - De Xiang Xu
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health & Aristogenics, Hefei, China
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Sun LN, Yang HS, Chen MY, Xu DX. Cloning and expression analysis of Wnt6 and Hox6 during intestinal regeneration in the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus. Genet Mol Res 2013; 12:5321-34. [PMID: 24301793 DOI: 10.4238/2013.november.7.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Many developmental genes play important roles in regeneration. Here, we cloned the two developmental genes, Wnt6 and Hox6, from Apostichopus japonicus by rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The Wnt6 full-length cDNA is 1140 bp long with a 1029-bp open reading frame encoding 342 amino acids. The deduced Wnt6 protein contained a 22-amino acid signal peptide and a 274-amino acid mature peptide. The Hox6 (AjHBOX6) full-length cDNA contained 1312 bp with a 966-bp open reading frame encoding 321 amino acids. Its deduced amino acid sequence included one homeodomain (60 amino acids) and three domains with low compositional complexity. Comparison and phylogenetic analysis revealed that Wnt6 and Hox6 in A. japonicus had the nearest relationship to those in sea urchins. Further expression analysis by real-time PCR showed that Wnt6 and Hox6 were apparently upregulated during intestine regeneration, which suggested that they were involved in the intestinal regeneration of sea cucumbers.
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Affiliation(s)
- L N Sun
- Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
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McKinnon WR, Xu DX, Storey C, Post E, Densmore A, Delâge A, Waldron P, Schmid JH, Janz S. Extracting coupling and loss coefficients from a ring resonator. Opt Express 2009; 17:18971-82. [PMID: 20372631 DOI: 10.1364/oe.17.018971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
A method is developed for extracting the coupling and loss coefficients of ring resonators from the peak widths, depths, and spacings of the resonances of a single resonator. Although the formulas used do not distinguish which coefficient is coupling and which is loss, it is shown how these coefficients can be disentangled based on how they vary with wavelength or device parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- W R McKinnon
- Institute for Microstructural Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, 1200 Montreal Road, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
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Schmid JH, Cheben P, Lapointe J, Janz S, Delâge A, Densmore A, Xu DX. High reflectivity gratings on silicon-on-insulator waveguide facets. Opt Express 2008; 16:16481-16488. [PMID: 18852755 DOI: 10.1364/oe.16.016481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2008] [Accepted: 09/23/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate by numerical simulations and experiments that highly reflective (HR) facets can be formed on silicon waveguides with high reflectivity diffraction gratings. We use an HR grating with a plane wave reflectivity exceeding 99.99%, as calculated by rigorous coupled wave analysis. Experimentally, we demonstrate the HR effect for silicon-on-insulator waveguide facets patterned lithographically with grating structures. Due to a strong mode size dependence, the maximum facet reflectivity for 1.5 microm thick waveguide is 77%, but finite difference time-domain simulations show that modal reflectivies larger than 90% can be achieved for silicon waveguides with thicknesses of 4 microm or more.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Schmid
- Institute for Microstructural Sciences, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
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12
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Xu DX, Densmore A, Delâge A, Waldron P, McKinnon R, Janz S, Lapointe J, Lopinski G, Mischki T, Post E, Cheben P, Schmid JH. Folded cavity SOI microring sensors for high sensitivity and real time measurement of biomolecular binding. Opt Express 2008; 16:15137-48. [PMID: 18795053 DOI: 10.1364/oe.16.015137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate folded waveguide ring resonators for biomolecular sensing. We show that extending the ring cavity length increases the resonator quality factor, and thereby enhances the sensor resolution and minimum level of detection, while at the same time relaxing the tolerance on the coupling conditions to provide stable and large resonance contrast. The folded spiral path geometry allows a 1.2 mm long ring waveguide to be enclosed in a 150 microm diameter sensor area. The spiral cavity resonator is used to monitor the streptavidin protein binding with a detection limit of approximately 3 pg/mm(2), or a total mass of approximately 5 fg. The real time measurements are used to analyze the kinetics of biotin-streptavidin binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- D X Xu
- Institute for Microstructural Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
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Rodrigo JA, Cheben P, Alieva T, Calvo ML, Florjanczyk M, Janz S, Scott A, Solheim B, Xu DX, Deláge A. Fresnel diffraction effects in Fourier-transform arrayed waveguide grating spectrometer. Opt Express 2007; 15:16431-16441. [PMID: 19550933 DOI: 10.1364/oe.15.016431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We present an analysis of Fourier-transform arrayed waveguide gratings in the Fresnel diffraction regime. We report a distinct spatial modulation of the interference pattern referred to as the Moiré-Talbot effect. The effect and its influence in a FT AWG device is explained by deriving an original analytical expression for the modulated field, and is also confirmed by numerical simulations using the angular spectrum method to solve the Fresnel diffraction integral. We illustrate the retrieval of spectral information in a waveguide Fourier-transform spectrometer in the presence of the Moiré-Talbot effect. The simulated device comprises two interleaved waveguide arrays each with 180 waveguides and the interference order of 40. It is designed with a Rayleigh spectral resolution of 0.1 nm and 8 nm bandwidth at wavelength lambda approximately 1.5 mum. We also demonstrate by numerical simulations that the spectrometer crosstalk is reduced from -20 dB to -40 dB by Gaussian apodization.
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Xu DX, Cheben P, Dalacu D, Delâge A, Janz S, Lamontagne B, Picard MJ, Ye WN. Eliminating the birefringence in silicon-on-insulator ridge waveguides by use of cladding stress. Opt Lett 2004; 29:2384-2386. [PMID: 15532275 DOI: 10.1364/ol.29.002384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We propose and demonstrate the use of the cladding stress-induced photoelastic effect to eliminate modal birefringence in silicon-on-insulator (SOI) ridge waveguides. Birefringence-free operation was achieved for waveguides with otherwise large birefringence by use of properly chosen thickness and stress of the upper cladding layer. With the stress levels typically found in cladding materials such as SiO2, the birefringence modification range can be as large as 10(-3). In arrayed waveguide grating demultiplexers that were fabricated in a SOI platform, we demonstrated the reduction of the birefringence from 1.2 x 10(-3) (without the upper cladding) to 4.5 x 10(-5) when a 0.8-microm oxide upper cladding with a stress of -320 MPa (compressive) was used. Because the index changes induced by the stress are orders of magnitude smaller than the waveguide core-cladding index contrast, the associated mode mismatch loss is negligible.
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Affiliation(s)
- D X Xu
- Institute for Microstructural Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
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Xu DX. [An experimental and comparative study of chemical method for etching metal frameworks in adhesive bridge]. Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 1992; 27:206-8, 255. [PMID: 1338951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Authors studied the best dispensing and the time of nickel base alloy etching gel by using orthogonal design and the scanning electron microscope (SEM) evaluation. Shear bond strengths were compared after treating with metal etching gel, electro-etching, painting KH-570 on the surface of Ni-Cr alloy after treating with the gel. The results showed that the gel was found to be an aqua regia solute gel. The optimum time was 90 mins. Shear stress tests revealed that the highest shear bond strength can be obtained by synthetic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- D X Xu
- Affiliated Hospital for Stomatology, Hubei Medical College, Wuhan
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Xu K, Li SD, Xu DX. [Studies on cell surface fibronectin of transformed Syrian hamster lung cells induced by butyric acid]. Shi Yan Sheng Wu Xue Bao 1989; 22:67-73. [PMID: 2763766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, Fn was analysed qualitatively and quantitatively in three Syrian hamster cell lines, ie, nontransformed baby hamster lung fibroblasts cell line (BHL), a transformed cell line (BHLB4) and a butyric acid-induced phenotypically reversed cell line (ButB4) respectively. Fn was visualized on cell surface by means of indirect immunofluorescence technique. Immunofluorescence of Fn on the surface of BHL was bright with a stripe-like distribution, while that on the surface of BHLB4 was very dim or dispersed. On ButB4 cell surface, the intensity and distribution of immunofluorescence was similar to that on BHLB4 cells. Fn was isolated by affinity chromatography from the cell surface of the three cell lines. Its molecular weight was 250 kDa on SDS-polyacrylamide electrophoresis. The quantity of Fn isolated from surface of ButB4 was a bit lower than that from BHL, but was much higher than that from BHLB4. The result offers us a useful criterion for transformation and reverse transformation.
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Wang J, Mi FH, Su XQ, Li YC, Deng JS, Li SD, Xu DX, Shen Y, Gu XZ. [Establishment of a human colonic carcinoma xenograft in nude mice and its chief biological characteristics]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 1987; 9:339-41, 18. [PMID: 2838235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A human colonic cancer specimen cut into 1-2 mm3 pieces under aseptic condition was heterotransplanted hypodermically by trocar to the inguinal region of BALB/cATcL nude mice bred in our laboratory. 53 days later, a 10 X 9 X 11 mm3 tumor was obtained. The take rate was 100% (48/48). The take rate of liquid nitrogen frozen and recovered tissue pieces was also 100% (13/13). Grossly, the tumor was rich in blood supply and well encapsulated. Within the tumor, the tissue was cream-colored. G-banded chromosome analysis revealed a human chromosome pattern with the mode 70-90. Pathologic diagnosis was signet-ring cell cancer, which was identical to the surgical specimen. No change was found after maintaining 13 passages in nude mice. It was named the human colonic carcinoma xenograft XHCn/w. It provides an ideal tumor model for in vivo or in vitro experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Wang
- Cancer Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing
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Xu DX. [Observation on the therapeutic effect of shock of 272 epidemic hemorrhagic fever patients treated with traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine]. Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi 1986; 6:93-5, 68. [PMID: 2425993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Xu DX. [Experience in treating epidemic hemorrhagic fever by combined traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine--clinical analysis of 1,233 cases]. Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi 1984; 4:43-5. [PMID: 6144400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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