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Barrett D, Lane E, Lozano JM, O'Keeffe K, Byrne AW. Bovine Herpes Virus Type 1 (BoHV-1) seroprevalence, risk factor and Bovine Viral Diarrhoea (BVD) co-infection analysis from Ireland. Sci Rep 2024; 14:867. [PMID: 38195809 PMCID: PMC10776861 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50433-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Surveillance of endemic pathogens is essential for disease control, providing an evidence base for policy and advice. Bovine Herpes Virus Type 1 (BoHV-1), the causative agent of Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR), has been found to have high seroprevalence within the Irish cattle population. The aim of the present study was to establish seroprevalence levels for culled cattle in Ireland aged < 30 months and to establish whether BVD exposure and other factors was associated with BoHV-1 exposure. We employed random effects logit models coupled with repeated bootstrap sampling to provide robust estimates. The final dataset contained results for 5273 animals tested over two study years, 2018 and 2020. The animal-level seroprevalence of BoHV-1 was 21.43% (1130/5273; 95%CI: 20.32-22.53%). Univariable analysis suggested that BoHV-1 seropositivity risk was associated with BVDV serodiagnosis status, age, sex, year sampled, herd type, herd-size, and metrics of movement into the herd. Final random-effects multivariable models suggested increased risk associated with increasing herd size of the last herd, movements made by animals during the previous year, and the year the animal was sampled. Despite BVDV status and sex being retained in the final model, repeated bootstrap sampling of the regression model to estimate biased-corrected 95%CI suggested that these associations were not robust. The overall apparent prevalence of BoHV-1 exposure for culled cattle in Ireland declined in 2020 relative to 2018 (from 23.32 to 17.61%). Herd-size and the movement of animals were found to be important factors associated with animal-level risk, but there was less statistical support for sex-based or BVDV status associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Barrett
- Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine, Dublin, Ireland
| | - E Lane
- Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine, Dublin, Ireland
| | - J M Lozano
- Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine, Dublin, Ireland
| | - K O'Keeffe
- Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine, Dublin, Ireland
| | - A W Byrne
- Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine, Dublin, Ireland.
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Turner R, Barrett D, Petersson F, Kåberg M. Legal Minors Who Inject: Differences in Socio-Demographics and Treatment Needs Compared to Adults in a Swedish National Sample of People with Injecting Drug Use. Subst Use Misuse 2023; 58:1473-1482. [PMID: 37358188 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2023.2223267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Injection drug use among legal minors is under-researched. Although the population may be small in absolute terms, treatment needs may be greater than for those who began injecting as adults. Such knowledge may help tailor services more effectively. Previous research tends to use selective samples or focuses solely on medical indicators. The present study uses a larger sample drawn from national register data in Sweden over a 9-year period (2013-2021) to analyze differences in medical and social treatment needs between people who began injecting as legal minors and their older counterparts. METHOD Data on first-time visitors to needle and syringe programmes (n = 8225, mean age 37.6, 26% women) were used. Historical socio-demographics and presenting treatment needs were compared between those with a debut injecting age under 18, and those who began injecting as adults. RESULTS The prevalence of injecting before 18 years was 29%. This group had more negative social circumstances, such as leaving school early, worse health, and greater service consumption, compared to those who began injecting as adults. In particular, they had been subjected to a greater level of control measures, such as arrest and compulsory care. CONCLUSIONS The present study shows that there are important health and social differences between those who inject prior to 18 and those who begin injecting as adults. This raises important questions for both child protection services and harm reduction approaches for legal minors who inject, who still qualify as 'children' in a legal and policy sense.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Turner
- Department of Social Work, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - D Barrett
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - F Petersson
- Department of Social Work, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - M Kåberg
- Stockholm Needle Exchange, Stockholm Centre for Dependency Disorders, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Crawford T, Darras B, Day J, Barrett D, Song G, O'Neil J, Kertesz N, Bilic S, Patel J, Nomikos G, Chyung Y. P.102 Apitegromab in SMA: An analysis of multiple efficacy endpoints in the TOPAZ extension study. Neuromuscul Disord 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2022.07.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Sood A, Barrett D, Cheeley J. LB875 Oil Paint Induced Necrotizing Granulomatous Hand Dermatitis. J Invest Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.05.890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Kinser P, Jallo N, Moyer S, Weinstock M, Barrett D, Mughal N, Stevens L, Rider A. “It's always hard being a mom, but the pandemic has made everything harder”: A qualitative exploration of the experiences of perinatal women during the COVID-19 pandemic. Midwifery 2022; 109:103313. [PMID: 35334379 PMCID: PMC8923714 DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2022.103313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Understanding the psychosocial impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic in vulnerable groups, such as pregnant and parenting women, is a critical research and clinical imperative. Although many survey-based perinatal health studies have contributed important information about mental health, few have given full voice about the experiences of pregnant and postpartum women during the prolonged worldwide pandemic using a qualitative approach. Objective The purpose of this study is to explore the lived experience of pregnant and postpartum women in the United States during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Design Qualitative phenomenological study. Setting This study was conducted in the community, by recruiting women throughout the U.S. Participants Fifty-four pregnant and postpartum women participated in qualitative interviews. Methods Data from one-on-one semi-structured interviews were analyzed using a team-based phenomenological qualitative approach. Results Two key themes were apparent: the pandemic has shined a light on the many typical struggles of motherhood; and, there is a lack of consistent, community-based or healthcare system resources available to address the complex needs of pregnant and postpartum women, both in general and during the pandemic. Conclusions Going forward, as the world continues to deal with the current pandemic and possible future global health crises, health care systems and providers are encouraged to consider the suggestions provided by these participants: talk early and often to women about mental health; help pregnant and postpartum women create and institute a personal plan for early support of their mental health needs and create an easily accessible mental health network; conceptualize practice methods that enhance coping and resilience; practice in community-based and interdisciplinary teams (e.g., midwives, doulas, perinatal social workers/ psychotherapists) to ensure continuity of care and to foster relationships between providers and pregnant/ postpartum women; and consider learning from other countries’ successful perinatal healthcare practices. Registration Number (& date of first recruitment): not applicable. Tweetable abstract Pregnant and postpartum women insist that mental health care must be overhauled, stating the pandemic has highlighted inherent cracks in the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Kinser
- Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Nursing, 1100 E. Leigh Street, Richmond VA 23298, United States.
| | - N Jallo
- Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Nursing, 1100 E. Leigh Street, Richmond VA 23298, United States.
| | - S Moyer
- Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Nursing, 1100 E. Leigh Street, Richmond VA 23298, United States.
| | - M Weinstock
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Department of Psychology, 806 West Franklin Street, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States.
| | - D Barrett
- Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Nursing, 1100 E. Leigh Street, Richmond VA 23298, United States.
| | - N Mughal
- Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Nursing, 1100 E. Leigh Street, Richmond VA 23298, United States.
| | - L Stevens
- Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Nursing, 1100 E. Leigh Street, Richmond VA 23298, United States.
| | - A Rider
- Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Nursing, 1100 E. Leigh Street, Richmond VA 23298, United States
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Schoenthaler A, De La Calle F, Soto A, Barrett D, Cruz J, Payano L, Rosado M, Adhikari S, Ogedegbe G, Rosal M. Correction to: Bridging the evidence-to-practice gap: a stepped-wedge cluster randomized controlled trial evaluating practice facilitation as a strategy to accelerate translation of a multi-level adherence intervention into safety net practices. Implement Sci Commun 2021; 2:122. [PMID: 34674755 PMCID: PMC8532349 DOI: 10.1186/s43058-021-00226-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Antoinette Schoenthaler
- Department of Population Health, Center for Healthful Behavior Change, NYU Langone Health, 180 Madison Avenue, 752, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
| | - Franzenith De La Calle
- Department of Population Health, Center for Healthful Behavior Change, NYU Langone Health, 180 Madison Avenue, 752, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Amanda Soto
- Department of Population Health, Center for Healthful Behavior Change, NYU Langone Health, 180 Madison Avenue, 752, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Derrel Barrett
- Department of Population Health, Center for Healthful Behavior Change, NYU Langone Health, 180 Madison Avenue, 752, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Jocelyn Cruz
- Department of Population Health, Center for Healthful Behavior Change, NYU Langone Health, 180 Madison Avenue, 752, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Leydi Payano
- Department of Population Health, Center for Healthful Behavior Change, NYU Langone Health, 180 Madison Avenue, 752, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Marina Rosado
- Department of Population Health, Center for Healthful Behavior Change, NYU Langone Health, 180 Madison Avenue, 752, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Samrachana Adhikari
- Department of Population Health, Center for Healthful Behavior Change, NYU Langone Health, 180 Madison Avenue, 752, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Gbenga Ogedegbe
- Department of Population Health, Center for Healthful Behavior Change, NYU Langone Health, 180 Madison Avenue, 752, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Milagros Rosal
- Preventive and Behavioral Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
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Place A, Barrett D, Cote S, Nomikos G, Song G, Bilic S, Kalra A, Sadanowicz M, O'Neil J, Iarrobino R, Kertesz N, Chyung Y. SMA - TREATMENT. Neuromuscul Disord 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2021.07.302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Schoenthaler A, De La Calle F, Soto A, Barrett D, Cruz J, Payano L, Rosado M, Adhikari S, Ogedegbe G, Rosal M. Bridging the evidence-to-practice gap: a stepped-wedge cluster randomized controlled trial evaluating practice facilitation as a strategy to accelerate translation of a multi-level adherence intervention into safety net practices. Implement Sci Commun 2021; 2:21. [PMID: 33597041 PMCID: PMC7888171 DOI: 10.1186/s43058-021-00111-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Poor adherence to antihypertensive medications is a significant contributor to the racial gap in rates of blood pressure (BP) control among Latino adults, as compared to Black and White adults. While multi-level interventions (e.g., those aiming to influence practice, providers, and patients) have been efficacious in improving medication adherence in underserved patients with uncontrolled hypertension, the translation of these interventions into routine practice within “real world” safety-net primary care settings has been inadequate and slow. This study will fill this evidence-to-practice gap by evaluating the effectiveness of practice facilitation (PF) as a practical and tailored strategy for implementing Advancing Medication Adherence for Latinos with Hypertension through a Team-based Care Approach (ALTA), a multi-level approach to improving medication adherence and BP control in 10 safety-net practices in New York that serve Latino patients. Methods and design We will conduct this study in two phases: (1) a pre-implementation phase where we will refine the PF strategy, informed by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research, to facilitate the implementation of ALTA into routine care at the practices; and (2) an implementation phase during which we will evaluate, in a stepped-wedge cluster randomized controlled trial, the effect of the PF strategy on ALTA implementation fidelity (primary outcome), as well as on clinical outcomes (secondary outcomes) at 12 months. Implementation fidelity will be assessed using a mixed methods approach based on the five core dimensions outlined by Proctor’s Implementation Outcomes Framework. Clinical outcome measures include BP control (defined as BP< 130/80 mmHg) and medication adherence (assessed using the proportion of days covered via pharmacy records). Discussion The study protocol applies rigorous research methods to identify how implementation strategies such as PF may work to expedite the translation process for implementing evidence-based approaches into routine care at safety-net practices to improve health outcomes in Latino patients with hypertension, who suffer disproportionately from poor BP control. By examining the barriers and facilitators that affect implementation, this study will contribute knowledge that will increase the generalizability of its findings to other safety-net practices and guide effective scale-up across primary care practices nationally. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03713515, date of registration: October 19, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoinette Schoenthaler
- Department of Population Health, Center for Healthful Behavior Change, NYU Langone Health, 180 Madison Avenue, 752, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
| | - Franzenith De La Calle
- Department of Population Health, Center for Healthful Behavior Change, NYU Langone Health, 180 Madison Avenue, 752, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Amanda Soto
- Department of Population Health, Center for Healthful Behavior Change, NYU Langone Health, 180 Madison Avenue, 752, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Derrel Barrett
- Department of Population Health, Center for Healthful Behavior Change, NYU Langone Health, 180 Madison Avenue, 752, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Jocelyn Cruz
- Department of Population Health, Center for Healthful Behavior Change, NYU Langone Health, 180 Madison Avenue, 752, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Leydi Payano
- Department of Population Health, Center for Healthful Behavior Change, NYU Langone Health, 180 Madison Avenue, 752, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Marina Rosado
- Department of Population Health, Center for Healthful Behavior Change, NYU Langone Health, 180 Madison Avenue, 752, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Samrachana Adhikari
- Department of Population Health, Center for Healthful Behavior Change, NYU Langone Health, 180 Madison Avenue, 752, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Gbenga Ogedegbe
- Department of Population Health, Center for Healthful Behavior Change, NYU Langone Health, 180 Madison Avenue, 752, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Milagros Rosal
- Preventive and Behavioral Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
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Kalson NS, Mathews JA, Alvand A, Morgan-Jones R, Jenkins N, Phillips JRA, Toms AD, Barrett D, Bloch B, Carrington R, Deehan D, Eyres K, Gambhir A, Hopgood P, Howells N, Jackson W, James P, Jeys L, Kerry R, Miles J, Mockford B, Murray J, Pavlou G, Porteous A, Price A, Sarungi M, Spencer-Jones R, Walmsley P, Waterson B, Whittaker J. Investigation and management of prosthetic joint infection in knee replacement: A BASK Surgical Practice Guideline. Knee 2020; 27:1857-1865. [PMID: 33202289 DOI: 10.1016/j.knee.2020.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The burden of knee replacement prosthetic joint infection (KR PJI) is increasing. KR PJI is difficult to treat, outcomes can be poor and it is financially expensive and limited evidence is available to guide treatment decisions. AIM To provide guidelines for surgeons and units treating KR PJI. METHODS Guideline formation by consensus process undertaken by BASK's Revision Knee Working Group, supported by outputs from UK-PJI meetings. RESULTS Improved outcomes should be achieved through provision of care by revision centres in a network model. Treatment of KR PJI should only be undertaken at specialist units with the required infrastructure and a regular infection MDT. This document outlines practice guidelines for units providing a KR PJI service and sets out: CONCLUSIONS: KR PJI patients treated within the NHS should be provided the best care possible. This report sets out guidance and support for surgeons and units to achieve this.
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Affiliation(s)
- N S Kalson
- British Association for Surgery of the Knee (BASK) Revision Knee Working Group, 35-43 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, WC2A 3PE, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - J A Mathews
- British Association for Surgery of the Knee (BASK) Revision Knee Working Group, 35-43 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, WC2A 3PE, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - A Alvand
- British Association for Surgery of the Knee (BASK) Revision Knee Working Group, 35-43 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, WC2A 3PE, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - R Morgan-Jones
- British Association for Surgery of the Knee (BASK) Revision Knee Working Group, 35-43 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, WC2A 3PE, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - N Jenkins
- British Association for Surgery of the Knee (BASK) Revision Knee Working Group, 35-43 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, WC2A 3PE, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - J R A Phillips
- British Association for Surgery of the Knee (BASK) Revision Knee Working Group, 35-43 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, WC2A 3PE, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - A D Toms
- British Association for Surgery of the Knee (BASK) Revision Knee Working Group, 35-43 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, WC2A 3PE, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
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- British Association for Surgery of the Knee (BASK) Revision Knee Working Group, 35-43 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, WC2A 3PE, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
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Place A, Barrett D, Cote S, Nomikos G, Iarrobino R, Yung C. SMA – THERAPY. Neuromuscul Disord 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2020.08.252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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11
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Maryamchik E, Kadauke S, Flower A, Barrett D, Ayello J, Harrison L, Morris E, Struhahn M, O'Donnell L, Lee D, Abu-Arja R, Johnson B, Talano J, Cairo M, Bunin N, Wang Y. Outcomes and Challenges of Manufacturing Virus-Specific Cytotoxic T-lymphocytes Using IFN-gamma Cytokine Capture System. Cytotherapy 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2020.03.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Rowlinson J, McCrorie P, Smith S, Barrett D, Kim D, Grundy R, Scurr D, Rahman R. P11.62 Brain distribution models to select polymer-delivered drugs for the intra-cavity treatment of malignant glioma. Neuro Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noz126.208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Conventional oral or intravenous chemotherapy distributes drugs to the whole body whereby systemic toxicity to healthy parts of the body (e.g. bone marrow failure) limits the maximum dose that can be achieved in the brain. This presents a particular concern for CNS tumours where the blood-brain-barrier (BBB) restricts drug influx from the circulation. The ability to deliver chemotherapy locally at the tumour site offers the opportunity to target residual cancer cells post-surgery whilst minimising systemic toxicity. We have developed a poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)/poly(ethylene glycol) (PLGA/PEG) polymer matrix that forms a porous paste at room temperature when mixed with chemotherapy-containing saline, solidifying only at body temperature, with close apposition to the irregular surgical cavity. It is important that we can observe whether the drugs released from PLGA/PEG can penetrate brain parenchyma beyond the surgical resection margin at therapeutic doses. Currently the only way to measure the distribution of drugs in the body is to inject radioactive drugs into an animal. We aim to establish drug distribution parameters using label-free mass spectrometry imaging methods, prior to selection of drug formulations for clinically-relevant in vivo models. Drugs that penetrate the brain the furthest will be identified as good candidates for localised brain cancer drug delivery using PLGA/PEG paste.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Diffusion rates were measured by examining the proportion of olaparib, dasatnib, carboplatin, etoposide, paclitaxel and gemcitabine at 2mg/ml concentration, which passes through 1mm slices of rat brain tissue within Franz cell chambers over a 6 hour period. The spatio-temporal distribution of label-free olaparib and dasatinib within mouse brain homogenate was quantitatively measured using innovative 3D OrbiSIMS, a hybrid time-of-flight / OrbitrapTM secondary ion mass spectrometer.
RESULTS
Within the Franz cell model, carboplatin and gemcitabine showed the highest diffusion rate diffusion at 16.4 and 6.53 µg/cm2/h respectively whereas olaparib, etoposide and paclitaxel were relatively poorly diffused at 1.87, 3.82 and 2.27 µg/cm2/h respectively. The minimum threshold of OrbiSIMS detection for label-free olaparib and dasatinib ions was 0.025 mg/ml and 0.2 mg/ml respectively throughout brain homogenate.
CONCLUSION
This study demonstrates different diffusion rates through brain tissue, between label-free chemotherapy drugs of distinct chemistries, with highest diffusion rates observed for carboplatin and gemcitabine. We also demonstrate label-free detection of olaparib and dasatinib using the innovative 3D OrbiSIMS method. These models will facilitate the rapid identification of agents most amenable for localised biomaterial-based chemotherapy delivery with high brain penetrance.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Rowlinson
- University of Nottingham, UK, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - P McCrorie
- University of Nottingham, UK, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - S Smith
- University of Nottingham, UK, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - D Barrett
- University of Nottingham, UK, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - D Kim
- University of Nottingham, UK, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - R Grundy
- University of Nottingham, UK, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - D Scurr
- University of Nottingham, UK, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - R Rahman
- University of Nottingham, UK, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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Alipanahi Z, Fatahnia F, Jafari H, Taasoli G, Mirzaei-Alamouti H, Barrett D, Pormalekshahi A. Effect of oak acorn with or without polyethylene glycol in diets containing extruded soybean on milk fatty acid profile, ruminal fermentation and plasma metabolites of lactating goats. Livest Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2019.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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14
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Barrett D, Thrupp N, Li V, Merrick S, Yamamoto A, Murugananthan A, Steed H. Preventing unnecessary out of hours hospital admissions for enteral tube related problems with an enteral 'toolbox’ and emergency department training. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2018.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Barrett D. Re: ‘Access to treatment with controlled medicines: rationale and recommendations for neutral, precise, and respectful language’. Public Health 2018; 160:156. [DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2018.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Koulaouzidis G, Barrett D, Mohee K, Clark AL. Telemonitoring in subjects with newly diagnosed heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: From clinical research to everyday practice. J Telemed Telecare 2018; 25:167-171. [PMID: 29419343 DOI: 10.1177/1357633x17751004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Heart failure is increasingly common, and characterised by frequent admissions to hospital. To try and reduce the risk of hospitalisation, techniques such as telemonitoring (TM) may have a role. We wanted to determine if TM in patients with newly diagnosed heart failure and ejection fraction <40% reduces the risk of readmission or death from any cause in a 'real-world' setting. METHODS This is a retrospective study of 124 patients (78.2% male; 68.6 ± 12.6 years) who underwent TM and 345 patients (68.5% male; 70.2 ± 10.7 years) who underwent the usual care (UC). The TM group were assessed daily by body weight, blood pressure and heart rate using electronic devices with automatic transfer of data to an online database. Follow-up was 12 months. RESULTS Death from any cause occurred in 8.1% of the TM group and 19% of the UC group ( p = 0.002). There was no difference between the two groups in all-cause hospitalisation, either in the number of subjects hospitalised ( p = 0.7) or in the number of admissions per patient ( p = 0.6). There was no difference in the number of heart-failure-related readmissions per person between the two groups ( p = 0.5), but the number of days in hospital per person was higher in the UC group ( p = 0.03). Also, there were a significantly greater number of days alive and out of hospital for the patients in the TM group compared with the UC group ( p = 0.0001). DISCUSSION TM is associated with lower any-cause mortality and also has the potential to reduce the number of days lost to hospitalisation and death.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Koulaouzidis
- 1 Academic Cardiology Unit, University of Hull, Castle Hill Hospital, UK
| | - D Barrett
- 2 Faculty of Health and Social Care, University of Hull, UK
| | - K Mohee
- 1 Academic Cardiology Unit, University of Hull, Castle Hill Hospital, UK
| | - A L Clark
- 1 Academic Cardiology Unit, University of Hull, Castle Hill Hospital, UK
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Collins Á, Grant J, Barrett D, Doherty M, Hallinan A, Mee J. Schmallenberg virus: Predicting within-herd seroprevalence using bulk-tank milk antibody titres and exploring individual animal antibody titres using empirical distribution functions (EDF). Prev Vet Med 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2017.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Parr MH, Barrett D, Diskin MG, McGee M, Kenny DA. 058 Impact of neosporosis seropositivity status on some key performance indicators in spring calving beef cow herds in Ireland. J Anim Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.2527/asasann.2017.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Barr H, Fogarty A, Halliday N, Knox A, Quon B, Forrester D, Williams P, Barrett D, Camara M. P92 Systemic alkyl quinolones as novel biomarkers for pulmonary exacerbations in cystic fibrosis: a validation study. Thorax 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2016-209333.235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Wood J, Kim D, Alqahtani S, Smith S, Barrett D, Grundy R, Rahman R. P01.04 Adult and paediatric GBM cells show differential phenotypic responses to external lipoprotein deprivation. Neuro Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/now188.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Wood J, Kim D, Smith S, Lourdusamy A, Ward J, Barrett D, Grundy R, Rahman R. P08.18 LC-MS-based genome-wide profiling of glioblastoma multiforme reveals distinct metabolism within the invasive region. Neuro Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/now188.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Levine B, Maude S, Zheng Z, Shaw P, Ambrose D, Aplenc R, Barker C, Barrett D, Brogdon J, Callahan C, Chen F, Chew A, Suhoski Davis M, Fesnak A, Finklestein J, Frey N, Lacey S, Lamontagne A, Lewitt L, Loew A, Marcucci K, Melenhorst J, Motley L, Mudambi M, Nazimuddin F, O'Rourke M, Porter D, Rheingold S, Scholler J, Tayor C, White C, Wood P, Young R, Teachey D, June C, Grupp S. Durable Remissions with Control of Cytokine Release Syndrome (CRS) Using T Cells Expressing CD19 Targeted Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) CTL019 to Treat Relapsed/Refractory (R/R) Acute Lymphoid Leukemia (ALL). Cytotherapy 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2016.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Barrett D, More SJ, O'Neill R, Bradshaw B, Casey M, Keane M, McGrath G, Sammin D. Prevalence and distribution of exposure to Schmallenberg virus in Irish cattle during October 2012 to November 2013. BMC Vet Res 2015; 11:267. [PMID: 26486852 PMCID: PMC4618175 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-015-0564-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Schmallenberg virus (SBV) was first identified in November 2011. It is a novel Orthobunyavirus (family Bunyaviridae) whose main ill effect is congenital malformation of the musculoskeletal and central nervous systems. It is borne by Culicoides spp., and has spread extensively in western Europe. The first case of SBV in Ireland was diagnosed in October 2012. It was anticipated that once the virus emerged in Ireland that there would be wide scale or nationwide spread over the course of the 2013 vector season. The objectives of this study were to determine the seroprevalence and distribution of exposure to Schmallenberg virus in Irish cattle from November 2012 to November 2013. Methods Samples of brain for the pathology based surveillance were collected from malformed bovine and ovine foetuses submitted for post mortem examination. These samples were tested for SBV using RT-qPCR. Three serological surveys were carried out on sera submitted for the national brucellosis eradicartion programme. A spatial analysis of both sets of data was carried out. Results Between October 2012 and 10th May 2013, SBV was confirmed by RT-qPCR in brain tissues from malformed foetuses obtained from 49 cattle herds and 30 sheep flocks in Ireland. In national serosurveys conducted between November 2012 until November 2013 the herd-level and animal-level SBV seroprevalences in cattle were 53 and 36 % respectively for the first survey, 51 and 35 % for the second survey and 53 and 33 % for the third survey. The herd level seroprevalence in counties ranged from 0 to 100 %, with the counties in the south and southeast having the highest seroprevalence (>50 %), the midlands a moderate herd level seroprevalence (10–50 %) while northern and north western counties had a low herd level seroprevalence (0–10 %). There was close spatial agreement between the results of the two different targeted surveillance strategies. Conclusions At the end of the 2012 vector season, there was widespread exposure to SBV among herds in southern and south eastern Ireland. During 2013, there was little or no evidence of further outward spread, unlike the situation in several other European countries. Given the lack of evidence for circulation of the virus since 2012, it is likely that the younger age cohort in herds previously exposed to SBV and substantial proportions of animals of all ages on the margins of affected areas are immunologically naïve to SBV, and would be susceptible to infection if the virus were to re-emerge.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Barrett
- Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine, Sligo Regional Veterinary Laboratory, Doonally, Sligo, Ireland.
| | - S J More
- Centre for Veterinary Epidemiology and Risk Analysis, UCD School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - R O'Neill
- Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine, Central Veterinary Laboratory, Backweston Laboratory Complex, Celbridge, Co. Kildare, Ireland.
| | - B Bradshaw
- Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine, Central Veterinary Laboratory, Backweston Laboratory Complex, Celbridge, Co. Kildare, Ireland.
| | - M Casey
- Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine, Central Veterinary Laboratory, Backweston Laboratory Complex, Celbridge, Co. Kildare, Ireland.
| | - M Keane
- Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine, Cork Blood Testing Laboratory, Model, Farm Road, Cork, Ireland.
| | - G McGrath
- Centre for Veterinary Epidemiology and Risk Analysis, UCD School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - D Sammin
- Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine, Central Veterinary Laboratory, Backweston Laboratory Complex, Celbridge, Co. Kildare, Ireland.
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O'Shaughnessy J, Earley B, Mee J, Doherty M, Crosson P, Barrett D, de Waal T. Controlling nematodes in dairy calves using targeted selective treatments. Vet Parasitol 2015; 209:221-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2015.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Revised: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Barrett D, Roy J, Weaver J, Youssef G. A case study on platypnoea-orthodeoxia following abdominal surgery and previous PFO closure. Heart Lung Circ 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2015.06.342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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O'Shaughnessy J, Earley B, Mee JF, Doherty ML, Crosson P, Barrett D, Prendiville R, Macrelli M, de Waal T. Detection of anthelmintic resistance on two Irish beef research farms. Vet Rec 2014; 175:120. [PMID: 24902778 DOI: 10.1136/vr.102556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J O'Shaughnessy
- Animal and Bioscience Research Department, Animal Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Teagasc, Grange, Dunsany, Co. Meath, Ireland School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - B Earley
- Animal and Bioscience Research Department, Animal Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Teagasc, Grange, Dunsany, Co. Meath, Ireland
| | - J F Mee
- Animal and Bioscience Research Department, Animal Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Teagasc, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - M L Doherty
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - P Crosson
- Livestock Systems Department, Animal Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Teagasc, Grange, Dunsany, Co. Meath, Ireland
| | - D Barrett
- DAFM, Sligo Regional Veterinary Laboratory, Doonally, Co. Sligo, Ireland
| | - R Prendiville
- Livestock Systems Department, Animal Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Teagasc, Grange, Dunsany, Co. Meath, Ireland
| | - M Macrelli
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Via Celoria 10, Milano 20133, Italy
| | - T de Waal
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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Ruella M, Shestova O, Kenderian S, Barrett D, Grupp S, Scholler J, Lacey S, Kalos M, June C, Gill S. Anti-CD123 chimeric antigen receptor redirected T cells for relapsed B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Cytotherapy 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2014.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Haoula Z, Ravipati S, Stekel D, Hodgman C, Daykin C, Barrett D, Raine-Fenning N, Atiomo W. O299 MASS SPECTROMETRY BASED PLASMA METABOLOMICS IDENTIFIES A UNIQUE PROFILE OF SMALL MOLECULE PLASMA BIOMARKERS IN POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME (PCOS). Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-7292(12)60729-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- P Atkin
- Castle Hill Hospital, Academic Cardiology, Hull.
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Bosanko NC, Barrett D, Emm C, Lycett W, O’Toole S, Evans K, Hearing SD. The routine use of a flumazenil infusion following percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy placement to reduce early post-procedure mortality. J R Coll Physicians Edinb 2010; 40:111-4. [DOI: 10.4997/jrcpe.2010.204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Hodgson RE, Milner A, Barrett D, Alberts A, Joubert I, Hold A. Airway Management Resources in Operating TheatresRecommendations for South African hospitals and clinics. Southern African Journal of Anaesthesia and Analgesia 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/22201173.2008.10872545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Hodgson RE, Milner A, Barrett D, Alberts A, Joubert I, Hold A. Airway Management Resources in Operating Theatres. Southern African Journal of Anaesthesia and Analgesia 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/22201173.2007.10872508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Tanswell I, Barrett D, Emm C, Lycett W, Charles C, Evans K, Hearing SD. Assessment by a multidisciplinary clinical nutrition team before percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy placement reduces early postprocedure mortality. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2007; 31:205-11. [PMID: 17463146 DOI: 10.1177/0148607107031003205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to determine whether preassessment by a multidisciplinary nutrition team before percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) placement can reduce postprocedure mortality. This was a prospective single-center audit. METHODS Patients who had been referred to the Gastroenterology Department for consideration of PEG placement between 1995 and 2004 were included. In the index year, 2003-2004, where a formal nutrition team assessment was commenced, 79 patients were enrolled into our study group on a consecutive basis. These patients were subdivided into 3 groups; group A, PEG placed (51 patients); group B, PEG not placed due to severe comorbidity (19 patients); and group C, PEG not placed as deemed unnecessary (9 patients). Comparison was made with previous years where no formal preassessment had occurred. At Staffordshire General Hospital, a comparison of mortality post-PEG placement was made between the index group and previous years. Secondary measures included complication rates and frequency of biochemical monitoring. RESULTS One week post-PEG mortality fell from 10%-20% in previous years to 0% in the index year (p < .02). This improved survival extended to 3 months postprocedure (p < .016). Three patients (6%) had biochemical evidence of refeeding syndrome postplacement. Biochemical monitoring was inadequate, with only 27/51 (53%) patients being completely monitored. No complications pertaining to the endoscopy were reported. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that early post-PEG mortality can be reduced by preassessment of patients by a multidisciplinary nutrition team and is evidence supporting the recommendations of the National Confidential Enquiry into Patient Outcome and Death report.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Tanswell
- Department of Gastroenterology, Staffordshire General Hospital, Stafford, United Kingdom.
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Chapman V, Jhaveri M, Richardson D, Kendall D, Barrett D. 34 CANNABINOID RECEPTOR MODULATION OF NOCICEPTIVE PROCESSING IN MODELS OF PERSISTENT PAIN. Eur J Pain 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1090-3801(06)60037-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Foster I, Taylor F, Evans R, Latham C, Thrusfield M, Nash A, Barrett D, Dobson H. EMS during the FMD outbreak. Vet Rec 2001; 149:498-9. [PMID: 11700935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
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Barrett D, Tanaka A, Watabe E, Maki K, Ikeda F. Novel amidine conjugates of the ornithine moiety of the macrocyclic antifungal lipopeptidolactone FR901469. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2001; 54:844-7. [PMID: 11776442 DOI: 10.7164/antibiotics.54.844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D Barrett
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratories, Fujisawa Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Osaka, Japan.
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Barrett D, Tanaka A, Harada K, Watabe E, Maki K, Ikeda F. Synthesis and biological activity of novel macrocyclic antifungals. modification of the tyrosine moiety of the lipopeptidolactone FR901469. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2001; 11:1843-9. [PMID: 11459644 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(01)00317-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A series of tyrosine-modified derivatives of the macrocyclic lipopeptidolactone FR901469 have been prepared and evaluated for in vitro and in vivo antifungal activity and for hemolytic activity towards red blood cells. Compound 14 displayed significantly reduced hemolytic potential at 1mg/mL and a comparable protective effect to FR901469 in a mouse candidiasis model.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Barrett
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratories, Fujisawa Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., 2-1-6 Kashima, Yodogawa-ku, 532-8514, Osaka, Japan.
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Young DW, McCarthy SM, Barrett D, Kenagy JW, Pinakiewicz DC. Beyond health care cost containment: creating collaborative arrangements among the stakeholders. Int J Health Plann Manage 2001; 16:207-28. [PMID: 11596558 DOI: 10.1002/hpm.631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The causes of escalating healthcare costs in the United States and many other industrial countries are well documented. Less evident are the structural factors that underlie the increases and their implications for the future. This paper discusses these structural factors, puts them in the context of the healthcare marketplace, and proposes a way to address them using a collaborative arrangement among all stakeholders in a healthcare system, called value-based partnering. To be successful, the effort must include not only final purchasers (such as employers or Medicare in the USA) but all stakeholders in a healthcare system. Each stakeholder must develop a value equation in terms that are meaningful to the others, and must identify opportunities for value-enhancing partnerships. The paper also identifies some of the impediments to value-based partnering and discusses ways to overcome them, including the need for senior management intervention within some stakeholder groups, and the importance of collaborative discussions among all stakeholders.
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Affiliation(s)
- D W Young
- Healthcare Management Program, Boston University, School of Management, 595 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Nair HP, Berndt JD, Barrett D, Gonzalez-Lima F. Maturation of extinction behavior in infant rats: large-scale regional interactions with medial prefrontal cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, and anterior cingulate cortex. J Neurosci 2001; 21:4400-7. [PMID: 11404426 PMCID: PMC6762735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability to express a behavior during the postnatal period may be related to developmental changes in the recruitment of particular neural systems. Here, we show that developmental changes in the functional interactions involving three cortical regions (the medial prefrontal cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, and anterior cingulate cortex) are associated with maturation of extinction behavior in infant rats. Postnatal day 17 (P17) and P12 pups were trained in a straight-alley runway on an alternating schedule of reward and nonreward [patterned single alternation (PSA)] or on a pseudorandom schedule of partial reinforcement (PRF); the pups were then injected with fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and shifted to continuous nonreward (extinction). Handled control groups exposed to the same training environment but not trained on a particular schedule were included. Among P17 pups, extinction proceeded faster in PSA pups relative to PRF pups. No differences were found between P12 groups. FDG uptake, an index of acute changes in functional activity, was quantified in the three cortical regions and 27 other brain regions of interest. A multivariate covariance analysis, seed partial least squares, revealed that functional relationships involving the three cortical regions and large-scale systems of regions throughout the rostrocaudal extent of the brain changed with training in P17 pups. The cortical regions were primarily uncoupled in the younger group. The data suggest that functional maturation of the frontal cortical regions and their interactions with other brain systems are related to the maturational shift in behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- H P Nair
- Institute for Neuroscience and Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
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Abstract
Fluorodeoxyglucose autoradiography, quantitative image analysis, and a multivariate tool (partial least squares) were used to assess distributed patterns of brain activation in postnatal day 17 and day 12 rat pups engaged in extinction of instrumental behavior. Pups were trained in a straight alley runway on an alternating reward schedule, or on a pseudorandom reward schedule, injected with fluorodeoxyglucose, and then shifted to continuous nonreward (extinction). Another group at each age served as handled controls. Day 17 pups trained on the alternating schedule demonstrated faster extinction rates compared to those trained on the pseudorandom schedule, a phenomenon known as the partial reinforcement extinction effect. No differences were found between day 12 groups. Partial least-squares analysis revealed age-related increases in fluorodeoxyglucose uptake across all three training conditions in the cingulate and frontal cortices, amygdala, midline thalamic nuclei, cerebellum, and in several brainstem regions. Training-related increases common to both age groups were found in the orbital frontal cortex, limbic thalamus, gigantocellular reticular nucleus, the somatosensory system, and cerebellum. Age-dependent training effects were found in the interpositus and medial cerebellar nuclei wherein fluorodeoxyglucose uptake increased in the day 12 alternation and pseudorandom groups relative to controls. Day 12 pups trained on the alternating schedule demonstrated increased uptake in the anterior dorsal thalamus relative to pseudorandom and control pups. Hence, a large-scale neural system comprised by somatosensory, cerebellar, and brainstem regions govern extinction behavior in preweanling rats. Recruitment of limbic structures may allow the older pups to modify extinction behavior based on prior learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- H P Nair
- Behavioral Neuroscience, Mezes Hall 330, Institute for Neuroscience and Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
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Barrett D, Tranter D. Monitor: molecules and profiles. Drug Discov Today 2001; 6:594-595. [PMID: 11377227 DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6446(01)01778-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Monitor provides an insight into the latest developments in drug discovery through brief synopses of recent presentations and publications together with expert commentaries on the latest technologies. There are two sections: Molecules summarizes the chemistry and the pharmacological significance and biological relevance of new molecules reported in the literature and on the conference scene; Profiles offers commentary on promising lines of research, emerging molecular targets, novel technology, advances in synthetic and separation techniques and legislative issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Barrett
- Fujisawa Pharmaceutical Company2-1-6 Kashima, 532-8514, Yodogawa-kuOsaka, Japan
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Coggon D, Reading I, Croft P, McLaren M, Barrett D, Cooper C. Knee osteoarthritis and obesity. Int J Obes (Lond) 2001; 25:622-7. [PMID: 11360143 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0801585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 284] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2000] [Revised: 08/29/2000] [Accepted: 11/14/2000] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the risk of knee osteoarthritis (OA) attributable to obesity, and the interactions between obesity and other established causes of the disorder. METHODS We performed a population-based case-control study in three health districts of England (Southampton, Portsmouth and North Staffordshire). A total of 525 men and women aged 45 y and over, consecutively listed for surgical treatment of primary knee OA, were compared with 525 controls matched by age, sex and family practitioner. RESULTS Relative to a body mass index (BMI) of 24.0-24.9 kg/m(2), the risk of knee OA increased progressively from 0.1 (95% CI 0.0-0.5) for a BMI<20 kg/m(2) to 13.6 (95% CI 5.1-36.2) for a BMI of 36 kg/m(2) or higher. If all overweight and obese people reduced their weight by 5 kg or until their BMI was within the recommended normal range, 24% of surgical cases of knee OA (95% CI 19-27%) might be avoided. As a risk factor for knee OA obesity interacted more than additively with each of Heberden's nodes, earlier knee injury and meniscectomy. In comparison with subjects of normal weight, without Heberden's nodes, and with no history of knee injury, people with a combination of obesity, definite Heberden's nodes and previous knee injury had a relative risk of 78 (95% CI 17-354). CONCLUSIONS Our findings give strong support to public health initiatives aimed at reducing the burden of knee OA by controlling obesity. People undergoing meniscectomy or with a history of knee injury might be a focus for targeted advice.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Coggon
- MRC Environmental Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
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Zam HA, Barrett D, Tanaka A, Sasaki H, Matsuda K, Sakurai M, Terasawa T, Shirai F, Chiba T, Matsumoto Y, Tawara S. Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel 4-pyrrolidinylthio carbapenems Part IV. 2-Alkyl substituents containing cationic heteroaromatics linked via a C–C bond. Bioorg Med Chem 2001; 9:961-82. [PMID: 11354680 DOI: 10.1016/s0968-0896(00)00314-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and biological activity of a novel series of 2-alkyl-4-pyrrolidinylthio-beta-methylcarbapenems containing a variety of cationic heteroaromatic substituents linked via a C-C bond is described. As a result of these studies, we selected FR21818 (In) as a candidate compound for development. FR21818 exhibited a well balanced spectrum of antibacterial activity, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), excellent urinary recovery, good stability against renal dehydropeptidase-I (DHP-I). no antigenicity and mutagenicity, weak toxicities, and good efficacy and therapeutic effect on mice systemic infections. Affinities to PBP's, permeability of outer membrane, and plasma levels in mice, dog, and cynomolgous monkey of FR21818 are also reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- H A Zam
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratories, Fujisawa Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Osaka, Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Barrett
- Fujisawa Pharmaceutical Company, 2-1-6 Kashima, Yodogawa-ku, 532-8514, Tel: +81 6 6390 12856; fax: +81 6 6304 5435, Osaka, Japan
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Young DW, Barrett D, Kenagy JW, Pinakiewicz DC, McCarthy SM. Value-based partnering in healthcare: a framework for analysis. J Healthc Manag 2001; 46:112-32; discussion 133. [PMID: 11277013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Value-based partnering is designed to move the healthcare system beyond cost-based competition. It recognizes that the healthcare "product" is not a commodity and that much of the value in the system comes from relationships between and among four stakeholders: consumers, providers, health plans, and employers. Given the difficulty of measuring such benefits as quality of care, improved health status, and increased employee productivity, stakeholders within the system traditionally have focused on easily measurable financial considerations such as premium rates. This focus has led to a system that defines relationships in purely financial terms. In contrast, the value-based partnering model presented in this article recognizes the range of factors that stakeholders consider in their relationships with each other. This approach has the potential to change the nature of competition and presents opportunities for those organizations that can effectively partner with other stakeholders and demonstrate value, rather than just lower cost. Moreover, by recognizing the interdependencies among stakeholder groups, the approach creates a strategic reason for employers, health plans, providers, and consumers to exchange information and create long-term alliances.
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Affiliation(s)
- D W Young
- Healthcare Management Program, Boston University School of Management, Massachusetts, USA
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Barrett D, Barlocco D, Tranter D. Monitor: molecules and profiles. Drug Discov Today 2001; 6:268-271. [PMID: 11182600 DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6446(00)01674-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Monitor provides an insight into the latest developments in drug discovery through brief synopses of recent presentations and publications together with expert commentaries on the latest technologies. There are two sections: Molecules summarizes the chemistry and the pharmacological significance and biological relevance of new molecules reported in the literature and on the conference scene; Profiles offers commentary on promising lines of research, emerging molecular targets, novel technology, advances in synthetic and separation techniques and legislative issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Barrett
- Fujisawa Pharmaceutical Company, 2-1-6 Kashima, Yodogawa-ku, 532-8514, tel.: +81-6-639012856; fax: +81-6-63045435., Osaka, Japan
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Barrett D, Tanaka A, Harada K, Ohki H, Watabe E, Maki K, Ikeda F. Synthesis and biological activity of novel macrocyclic antifungals: acylated conjugates of the ornithine moiety of the lipopeptidolactone FR901469. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2001; 11:479-82. [PMID: 11229752 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(00)00705-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A series of acylated analogues of the novel macrocyclic lipopeptidolactone FR901469 has been prepared and evaluated for antifungal and hemolytic activity. Several analogues displayed markedly reduced hemolytic potential and comparable protective effects to the natural product in a mouse model of candidiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Barrett
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratories, Fujisawa Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Osaka, Japan.
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50
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Barrett D. Monitor: molecules and profiles. Drug Discov Today 2001; 6:157-159. [PMID: 11165189 DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6446(00)01614-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Monitor provides an insight into the latest developments in drug discovery through brief synopses of recent presentations and publications together with expert commentaries on the latest technologies. There are two sections: Molecules summarizes the chemistry and the pharmacological significance and biological relevance of new molecules reported in the literature and on the conference scene; Profiles offers commentary on promising lines of research, emerging molecular targets, novel technology, advances in synthetic and separation techniques and legislative issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Barrett
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratories Fujisawa Pharmaceutical Company, 532-8514, Osaka, Japan
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