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Karaca MA, Kancagi DD, Ozbek U, Ovali E, Gok O. Preparation of Cell-Loaded Microbeads as Stable and Injectable Delivery Platforms for Tissue Engineering. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:biomimetics8020155. [PMID: 37092407 PMCID: PMC10123749 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8020155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell transplants in therapeutic studies do not preserve their long-term function inside the donor body. In mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplants, transplanted cells disperse through the body and are prone to degradation by immune cells after the transplant process. Various strategies, such as usage of the immunosuppressive drugs to eliminate allograft rejection, are designed to increase the efficiency of cell therapy. Another strategy is the construction of biomimetic encapsulates using polymeric materials, which isolate stem cells and protect them from environmental effects. In this study, fibroblasts (L929) and MSCs were investigated for their improved viability and functionality once encapsulated inside the alginate microbeads under in vitro conditions for up to 12 days of incubation. Thus, uniform and injectable (<200 µm) cell-loaded microbeads were constructed by the electrostatically assisted spraying technique. Results showed that both L929 and MSCs cells continue their metabolic activity inside the microbeads during the incubation periods. Glucose consumption and lactic acid production levels of both cell lines were consistently observed. The released cell number on day 12 was found to be increased compared to day 0. Protein expression levels of both groups increased every day with the expected doubling rate. Hence, this strategy with a simple yet clever design to encapsulate either MSCs or L929 cells might outstand as a potential cell delivery platform for cell therapy-based tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Ali Karaca
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Institute of Health Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul 34752, Turkey
| | | | - Ugur Ozbek
- Medical Genetics Department, School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul 34752, Turkey
| | - Ercument Ovali
- Acibadem Labcell Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Istanbul 34752, Turkey
| | - Ozgul Gok
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul 34752, Turkey
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Eren SA, Tastan C, Karadeniz KB, Turan RD, Cakirsoy D, Kancagi DD, Yilmaz SU, Oztatlici M, Oztatlici H, Ozer S, Tumentemur G, Baykal AT, Ovali E. Lentiviral micro-dystrophin gene treatment into late-stage mdx mice for Duchene Muscular Dystrophy disease. Curr Gene Ther 2023:CGT-EPUB-130762. [PMID: 37032509 DOI: 10.2174/1566523223666230407091317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
AIM Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) results in a deficiency of dystrophin expression in patient muscle fibers, leading to progressive muscle degeneration. Treatment of DMD has undertaken current transformation with the advancement of novel gene therapy and molecular biology techniques, which are secure, well-tolerated, and effective therapeutic approaches. INTRODUCTION DMD gene therapies have mainly focused on young DMD patients as in vivo animal model trials have been performed in 0-1-month DMD mice. However, it has not yet been answered how micro-dystrophin encoding lentiviral treatment affects Dystrophin expression and DMD symptoms in 10-month mdx mice. METHODS We planned to integrate the micro-Dystrophin gene sequence into the muscle cells by viral transfer, using micro-Dystrophin-encoding lentivirus to reduce the dystrophic pathology in late-stage dmd mice. The histopathological and physiological-functional regeneration activities of the lentiviral-micro-Dystrophin gene therapy methods were compared, along with changes in temporal Dystrophin expression and their functionality, toxicity, and gene expression level. RESULTS Here, we showed that the micro-dystrophin transgene transfers intramuscularly and intraperitoneally in late-stage dmd-mdx-4cv mice restored dystrophin expression in the skeletal and cardiac muscle (p <0.001). Furthermore, motor performance analysis, including hanging and tracking tests, improved statistically significantly after the treatment (p <0.05). CONCLUSION Consequently, this study suggests that patients in the late stages of muscular dystrophy can benefit from lentiviral micro-dystrophin gene therapies to present an improvement in dystrophic muscle pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selen Abanuz Eren
- Deparment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Acibadem Labcell Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cihan Tastan
- Acibadem Labcell Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Istanbul, Turkey
- Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, Uskudar University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Transgenic Cell Technologies and Epigenetic Application and Research Center (TRGENMER), Uskudar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Raife Dilek Turan
- Department of Genetic and Bioengineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Didem Cakirsoy
- Acibadem Labcell Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Sevdican Ustun Yilmaz
- Medical Biotechnology Department, Institute of Health Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Oztatlici
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep Islam Science and Technology University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Hulya Oztatlici
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Samed Ozer
- Animal Application and Research Center, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gamze Tumentemur
- Vocational School of Health Services, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Tarık Baykal
- Deparment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ercument Ovali
- Acibadem Labcell Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Istanbul, Turkey
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Arisan ED, Dart DA, Grant GH, Dalby A, Kancagi DD, Turan RD, Yurtsever B, Karakus GS, Ovali E, Lange S, Uysal-Onganer P. microRNA 1307 Is a Potential Target for SARS-CoV-2 Infection: An in Vitro Model. ACS Omega 2022; 7:38003-38014. [PMID: 36275122 PMCID: PMC9578367 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
microRNAs (miRs) are proposed as critical molecular targets in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Our recent in silico studies identified seven SARS-CoV-2 specific miR-like sequences, which are highly conserved with humans, including miR-1307-3p, with critical roles in COVID-19. In this current study, Vero cells were infected with SARS-CoV-2, and miR expression profiles were thereafter confirmed by qRT-PCR. miR-1307-3p was the most highly expressed miR in the infected cells; we, therefore, transiently inhibited its expression in both infected and uninfected cells. The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) cell proliferation assay assessed cell viability following SARS-CoV-2 infection, identifying that miR-1307 expression is inversely correlated with cell viability. Lastly, changes in miR-1307-dependent pathways were analyzed through a detailed miRNOME and associated in silico analysis. In addition to our previously identified miRs, including miR-1307-3p, the upregulation of miR-193a-5p, miR-5100, and miR-23a-5p and downregulation of miR-130b-5p, miR34a-5p, miR-505-3p, miR181a-2-3p, miR-1271-5p, miR-598-3p, miR-34c-3p, and miR-129-5p were also established in Vero cells related to general lung disease-related genes following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Targeted anti-miR-1307-3p treatment rescued cell viability in infection when compared to SARS CoV-2 mediated cell cytotoxicity only. We furthermore identified by in silico analysis that miR-1307-3p is conserved in all SARS-CoV-2 sequences/strains, except in the BA.2 variant, possibly contributing to the lower disease severity of this variant, which warrants further investigation. Small RNA seq analysis was next used to evaluate alterations in the miRNOME, following miR-1307-3p manipulation, identifying critical pathobiological pathways linked to SARS-CoV-2 infection-mediated upregulation of this miR. On the basis of our findings, miRNAs like miR-1307-3p play a critical role in SARS-CoV-2 infection, including via effects on disease progression and severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Damla Arisan
- Gebze
Technical University, Institute of Biotechnology, Gebze, Kocaeli 41400, Turkiye
| | - D. Alwyn Dart
- Institute
of Medical and Biomedical Education, St
George’s University of London, Cranmer Terrace, Tooting, London SW17
0RE, United Kingdom
| | - Guy H. Grant
- School
of Life Sciences, University of Bedfordshire, Park Square, Luton LU1
3JU, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Dalby
- School
of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London W1W 6UW, United Kingdom
| | | | - Raife Dilek Turan
- Acibadem
Labcell Cellular Therapy Laboratory, İstanbul 34457, Turkiye
- Yeditepe
University, Institute of Biotechnology, İstanbul 34755, Turkiye
| | - Bulut Yurtsever
- Acibadem
Labcell Cellular Therapy Laboratory, İstanbul 34457, Turkiye
| | - Gozde Sir Karakus
- Acibadem
Labcell Cellular Therapy Laboratory, İstanbul 34457, Turkiye
| | - Ercument Ovali
- Acibadem
Labcell Cellular Therapy Laboratory, İstanbul 34457, Turkiye
| | - Sigrun Lange
- Tissue
Architecture and Regeneration Research Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London W1W 6UW, United Kingdom
| | - Pinar Uysal-Onganer
- Cancer
Research Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London W1W 6UW, United Kingdom
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4
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Hatirnaz Ng O, Akyoney S, Sahin I, Soykam HO, Bayram Akcapinar G, Ozdemir O, Kancagi DD, Sir Karakus G, Yurtsever B, Kocagoz AS, Ovali E, Ozbek U. Mutational landscape of SARS-CoV-2 genome in Turkey and impact of mutations on spike protein structure. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0260438. [PMID: 34871297 PMCID: PMC8648120 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) was declared a pandemic in March 2020 by the World Health Organization (WHO). As of May 25th, 2021 there were 2.059.941 SARS-COV2 genome sequences that have been submitted to the GISAID database, with numerous variations. Here, we aim to analyze the SARS-CoV-2 genome data submitted to the GISAID database from Turkey and to determine the variant and clade distributions by the end of May 2021, in accordance with their appearance timeline. We compared these findings to USA, Europe, and Asia data as well. We have also evaluated the effects of spike protein variations, detected in a group of genome sequences of 13 patients who applied to our clinic, by using 3D modeling algorithms. For this purpose, we analyzed 4607 SARS-CoV-2 genome sequences submitted by different lab centers from Turkey to the GISAID database between March 2020 and May 2021. Described mutations were also introduced in silico to the spike protein structure to analyze their isolated impacts on the protein structure. The most abundant clade was GR followed by G, GH, and GRY and we did not detect any V clade. The most common variant was B.1, followed by B.1.1, and the UK variant, B.1.1.7. Our results clearly show a concordance between the variant distributions, the number of cases, and the timelines of different variant accumulations in Turkey. The 3D simulations indicate an increase in the surface hydrophilicity of the reference spike protein and the detected mutations. There was less surface hydrophilicity increase in the Asp614Gly mutation, which exhibits a more compact conformation around the ACE-2 receptor binding domain region, rendering the structure in a “down” conformation. Our genomic findings can help to model vaccination programs and protein modeling may lead to different approaches for COVID-19 treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozden Hatirnaz Ng
- Department of Medical Biology, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
- Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University Rare Diseases and Orphan Drugs Application and Research Center (ACURARE), Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sezer Akyoney
- Department of Medical Biology, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Health Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ilayda Sahin
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Institute of Health Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Medical Genetics, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Huseyin Okan Soykam
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Health Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gunseli Bayram Akcapinar
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Institute of Health Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozkan Ozdemir
- Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University Rare Diseases and Orphan Drugs Application and Research Center (ACURARE), Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Genome Studies, Institute of Health Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | | | - Bulut Yurtsever
- Acibadem Labcell Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayse Sesin Kocagoz
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ercument Ovali
- Acibadem Labcell Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ugur Ozbek
- Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University Rare Diseases and Orphan Drugs Application and Research Center (ACURARE), Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Medical Genetics, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
- * E-mail:
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5
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Yenmis G, Yaprak Sarac E, Besli N, Soydas T, Tastan C, Dilek Kancagi D, Yilanci M, Senol K, Karagulle OO, Ekmekci CG, Ovali E, Tuncdemir M, Ulutin T, Kanigur Sultuybek G. Anti-cancer effect of metformin on the metastasis and invasion of primary breast cancer cells through mediating NF-kB activity. Acta Histochem 2021; 123:151709. [PMID: 33711726 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2021.151709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Current evidence strongly suggests that aberrant activation of the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) signaling cascade is connected to carcinogenesis. The matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) which are also the key agents for tumor metastasis may be potent candidates for tumor diagnosis in clinics. In this in vitro study, we hypothesized that metformin with an effective dose can inhibit tumor cell proliferation and metastasis by modulating the expressions of MMP-2 and -9 and interfering with NF-kB signaling in primary breast cancer cells (PBCCs). 300 000 cells per ml were obtained from biopsies of breast tumors from five human donors. The cell viability and proliferation were tested. Immunocytochemistry was performed for MMP-2, MMP-9, and NF-kB, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for NF-kB activity, quantitative real-time PCR for RELA/p65, IkBα, MMP-2, and MMP-9. Three different doses of metformin (5, 10, and 25 mM) (Met) reduced the viability and proliferation of PBCCs in a dose-dependent manner, maximum inhibition was observed at 25 mM Met. The expression of RELA/p65 was not affected by 25 mM Met. Nuclear immunoreactivity and activity of NF-kB reduced while cytoplasmic NF-kB (p65) elevated by 25 mM Met compared to non-treatment (P < 0.05). The expression and immunoreactivity of MMP-9 but not MMP-2 were decreased by 25 mM Met treatment, compared with the non-treatment (P < 0.05). Metformin may have an essential antitumor role in the invasion and metastasis pathways of PBCCs by downregulating the MMP-9 expression blocking both the activity and nuclear translocation of NF-kB.
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6
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Sir Karakus G, Tastan C, Dilek Kancagi D, Yurtsever B, Tumentemur G, Demir S, Turan RD, Abanuz S, Cakirsoy D, Seyis U, Ozer S, Elibol O, Elek M, Ertop G, Arbak S, Acikel Elmas M, Hemsinlioglu C, Kocagoz AS, Hatirnaz Ng O, Akyoney S, Sahin I, Ozbek U, Telci D, Sahin F, Yalcin K, Ratip S, Ovali E. Preclinical efficacy and safety analysis of gamma-irradiated inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidates. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5804. [PMID: 33707532 PMCID: PMC7970959 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83930-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 outbreak caused by SARS-CoV-2 created an unprecedented health crisis since there is no vaccine for this novel virus. Therefore, SARS-CoV-2 vaccines have become crucial for reducing morbidity and mortality. In this study, in vitro and in vivo safety and efficacy analyzes of lyophilized vaccine candidates inactivated by gamma-irradiation were performed. The candidate vaccines in this study were OZG-3861 version 1 (V1), an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 virus vaccine, and SK-01 version 1 (V1), a GM-CSF adjuvant added vaccine. The candidate vaccines were applied intradermally to BALB/c mice to assess toxicity and immunogenicity. Preliminary results in vaccinated mice are reported in this study. Especially, the vaccine models containing GM-CSF caused significant antibody production with neutralization capacity in absence of the antibody-dependent enhancement feature, when considered in terms of T and B cell responses. Another important finding was that the presence of adjuvant was more important in T cell in comparison with B cell response. Vaccinated mice showed T cell response upon restimulation with whole inactivated SARS-CoV-2 or peptide pool. This study shows that the vaccines are effective and leads us to start the challenge test to investigate the gamma-irradiated inactivated vaccine candidates for infective SARS-CoV-2 virus in humanized ACE2 + mice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cihan Tastan
- Acibadem Labcell Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Istanbul, Turkey
- Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, Uskudar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Bulut Yurtsever
- Acibadem Labcell Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gamze Tumentemur
- Vocational School of Health Services, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sevda Demir
- Genetic and Bioengineering Department, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Raife Dilek Turan
- Acibadem Labcell Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Istanbul, Turkey
- Genetic and Bioengineering Department, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Selen Abanuz
- Acibadem Labcell Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Istanbul, Turkey
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Didem Cakirsoy
- Acibadem Labcell Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Istanbul, Turkey
- Medical Biotechnology Department, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Utku Seyis
- Acibadem Labcell Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Samed Ozer
- Animal Application and Research Center, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Omer Elibol
- Acibadem Altunizade Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Muhammer Elek
- Acibadem Labcell Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Istanbul, Turkey
- Genetic and Bioengineering Department, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gurcan Ertop
- Vocational School of Health Services, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serap Arbak
- Histology and Embryology Department, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Merve Acikel Elmas
- Histology and Embryology Department, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | | | - Ozden Hatirnaz Ng
- Medical Biology Department, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sezer Akyoney
- Medical Biology Department, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Department, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ilayda Sahin
- Medical Biotechnology Department, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Medical Genetics Department, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ugur Ozbek
- Medical Genetics Department, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dilek Telci
- Genetic and Bioengineering Department, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fikrettin Sahin
- Genetic and Bioengineering Department, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Koray Yalcin
- Acibadem Labcell Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Istanbul, Turkey
- Medical Park Goztepe Hospital, Pediatric Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Siret Ratip
- Hematology Department, School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ercument Ovali
- Acibadem Labcell Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Istanbul, Turkey.
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7
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Okur HK, Yalcin K, Tastan C, Demir S, Yurtsever B, Karakus GS, Kancagi DD, Abanuz S, Seyis U, Zengin R, Hemsinlioglu C, Kara M, Yildiz ME, Deliceo E, Birgen N, Pelit NB, Cuhadaroglu C, Kocagoz AS, Ovali E. Preliminary report of in vitro and in vivo effectiveness of dornase alfa on SARS-CoV-2 infection. New Microbes New Infect 2020; 37:100756. [PMID: 32922804 PMCID: PMC7476504 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2020.100756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dornase alfa, the recombinant form of the human DNase I enzyme, breaks down neutrophil extracellular traps (NET) that include a vast amount of DNA fragments, histones, microbicidal proteins and oxidant enzymes released from necrotic neutrophils in the highly viscous mucus of cystic fibrosis patients. Dornase alfa has been used for decades in patients with cystic fibrosis to reduce the viscoelasticity of respiratory tract secretions, to decrease the severity of respiratory tract infections, and to improve lung function. Previous studies have linked abnormal NET formations to lung diseases, especially to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). It is well known that novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia progresses to ARDS and even multiple organ failure. High blood neutrophil levels are an early indicator of COVID-19 and predict severe respiratory diseases. Also it is reported that mucus structure in COVID-19 is very similar to that in cystic fibrosis due to the accumulation of excessive NET in the lungs. In this study, we showed the recovery of three individuals with COVID-19 after including dornase alfa in their treatment. We followed clinical improvement in the radiological analysis (two of three cases), oxygen saturation (Spo2), respiratory rate, disappearance of dyspnoea, coughing and a decrease in NET formation and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) viral load after the treatment. Also here, we share our preliminary results suggesting that dornase alfa has an anti-viral effect against SARS-CoV-2 infection in a green monkey kidney cell line, Vero, and a bovine kidney cell line, MDBK, without determined cytotoxicity on healthy peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- H K Okur
- Acibadem Altunizade Hospital, Chest Disease Unit, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - K Yalcin
- Acibadem Labcell Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Istanbul, Turkey.,Medical Park Goztepe Hospital, Paediatric Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - C Tastan
- Acibadem Labcell Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - S Demir
- Genetic and Bioengineering Department, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - B Yurtsever
- Acibadem Labcell Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - G S Karakus
- Acibadem Labcell Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - D D Kancagi
- Acibadem Labcell Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - S Abanuz
- Acibadem Labcell Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - U Seyis
- Acibadem Labcell Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - R Zengin
- Acibadem Altunizade Hospital, Infectious Disease Unit, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - C Hemsinlioglu
- Acibadem Labcell Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - M Kara
- Acibadem Altunizade Hospital, Internal Medicine Unit Department of Endocrinology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - M E Yildiz
- Acibadem Altunizade Hospital, Radiology Unit, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - E Deliceo
- Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - N Birgen
- Acibadem Altunizade Hospital, Cellular Therapy Centre, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - N B Pelit
- Acibadem Labcell Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - C Cuhadaroglu
- Acibadem Altunizade Hospital, Chest Disease Unit, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - A S Kocagoz
- Acibadem Altunizade Hospital, Infectious Disease Unit, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - E Ovali
- Acibadem Labcell Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Istanbul, Turkey
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