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Ni L, Viner J, Phuong C, Liu SJ, Yee E, Petrofsky M, Kwon DH, Daras M, Brondfield S, Boreta L. Provider Perceptions of a Novel Inpatient Co-Rounding Model Integrating Medical Oncology, Neuro-Oncology, and Radiation Oncology for the Care of Patients with Advanced Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:S61. [PMID: 37784538 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Patients (pts) with advanced cancer require interdisciplinary care. Although tumor boards are well-established in the outpatient setting, few studies have evaluated interventions for improving consultative care coordination for hospitalized pts with cancer. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a novel inpatient co-rounding model of care in which medical-, neuro-, and radiation-oncology consult teams rounded jointly, with the hypothesis that primary referring team perception of the alignment of the recommendations from these consult services would improve post-implementation. MATERIALS/METHODS An inpatient co-rounding model was implemented in September 2021 for hospitalized pts with solid malignancies at a tertiary medical center. Attending physicians, nurse practitioners, fellows, and residents from oncologic consulting services met virtually twice weekly to discuss pt care. Providers from the two most common primary services for pts with cancer at this hospital (hospital medicine and neurosurgery) were surveyed via institutional email listservs. The survey included Likert-type questions about the quality of inpatient consultation and the alignment of recommendations across three consulting oncological specialty services. The pre-intervention survey was distributed prior to model implementation, and the post-intervention survey was distributed 9 months later. Wilcoxon rank-sum tests were used to compare responses from the pre-and post-intervention surveys. RESULTS At each session, a median of 6 providers attended (range, 4-8 providers), and a median of 6 pts were discussed (range, 4-8 pts). Among 331 providers surveyed, 119 completed the pre-intervention survey (36% response rate), and 34 completed the post-intervention survey (10% response rate). Respondents were 81 (53%) internal medicine attending physicians/hospitalists, 55 (36%) internal medicine resident physicians, 6 (4%) neurosurgery advanced practice providers, 6 (4%) neurosurgery attending physicians, and 5 (3%) neurosurgery resident physicians. When asked to rate agreement with the statement that consultant recommendations from medical-, neuro-, and radiation-oncology were aligned, respondents were significantly more likely to perceive alignment 9 months post-implementation (67% strongly agree) compared to pre-implementation (23% strongly agree, p = 0.0001). There was high satisfaction with the quality of medical-, neuro-, and radiation-oncology consultations at both time points, with no statistical difference pre- vs. post-implementation of the co-rounding model. CONCLUSION A novel inpatient co-rounding model of care was successfully launched between medical-, neuro-, and radiation-oncology. Primary teams perceived greater alignment in recommendations between these consulting services after project implementation. Future directions include evaluating the impact of this co-rounding model on patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Ni
- University of California San Francisco, Department of Radiation Oncology, San Francisco, CA
| | - J Viner
- University of California San Francisco, Department of Neurology, Division of Neurologic Oncology, San Francisco, CA
| | - C Phuong
- University of California San Francisco, Department of Radiation Oncology, San Francisco, CA
| | - S J Liu
- University of California San Francisco, Department of Radiation Oncology, San Francisco, CA
| | - E Yee
- University of California San Francisco, Department of Radiation Oncology, San Francisco, CA
| | - M Petrofsky
- University of California San Francisco, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, San Francisco, CA
| | - D H Kwon
- University of California San Francisco, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, San Francisco, CA
| | - M Daras
- University of California San Francisco, Department of Neurology, Division of Neurologic Oncology, San Francisco, CA
| | - S Brondfield
- University of California San Francisco, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, San Francisco, CA
| | - L Boreta
- University of California San Francisco, Department of Radiation Oncology, San Francisco, CA
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Suk G, Kwon DH, Roers A, Abraham SN, Choi HW. Stabilization of activated mast cells by ORAI1 inhibitor suppresses peanut-induced anaphylaxis and acute diarrhea. Pharmacol Res 2023; 196:106887. [PMID: 37574155 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Mast cell (MC) activation triggered by immunoglobulin E (IgE)-antigen crosslinking involves intracellular Ca2+ influx through the ORAI1 channel, which precedes granule exteriorization and de novo synthesis of mediators. Pharmacologically suppressing MCs via the inhibition of the ORAI1 Ca2+ channel may represent a potential strategy for preventing anaphylaxis. This study demonstrated that peanut-induced anaphylaxis in sensitized mice resulted in significant hypothermia and acute diarrhea. Utilizing the Mcpt5cre-DTA mouse model, we demonstrated that this anaphylactic response was mediated by IgE-antigen-induced MC activation. Prophylactic administration of MC suppressors was an effective means of preventing peanut-induced anaphylaxis. In addition, we observed the potent efficacy of an ORAI1 inhibitor in suppressing the FcεRI-mediated response of murine or human MCs, even when administered concurrently or post-allergen exposure. Mechanistically, the ORAI1 inhibitor was found to prevent the association of Synaptotagmin-2 with the SNARE complex. In an in vivo mouse model of peanut-induced anaphylaxis, the administration of the ORAI1 inhibitor after allergen challenge effectively suppressed allergic acute diarrhea and ameliorated anaphylaxis. Therefore, pharmacological intervention of ORAI1 channel inhibition in MCs represents a promising therapeutic avenue for the treatment of peanut-induced anaphylaxis and acute diarrhea in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyeongseo Suk
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Do Hoon Kwon
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Axel Roers
- Institute for Immunology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01069, Germany
| | - Soman N Abraham
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Hae Woong Choi
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea.
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Kwon DH, Zhang F, McCray BA, Feng S, Kumar M, Sullivan JM, Im W, Sumner CJ, Lee SY. TRPV4-Rho GTPase complex structures reveal mechanisms of gating and disease. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3732. [PMID: 37353484 PMCID: PMC10290081 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39345-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Crosstalk between ion channels and small GTPases is critical during homeostasis and disease, but little is known about the structural underpinnings of these interactions. TRPV4 is a polymodal, calcium-permeable cation channel that has emerged as a potential therapeutic target in multiple conditions. Gain-of-function mutations also cause hereditary neuromuscular disease. Here, we present cryo-EM structures of human TRPV4 in complex with RhoA in the ligand-free, antagonist-bound closed, and agonist-bound open states. These structures reveal the mechanism of ligand-dependent TRPV4 gating. Channel activation is associated with rigid-body rotation of the intracellular ankyrin repeat domain, but state-dependent interaction with membrane-anchored RhoA constrains this movement. Notably, many residues at the TRPV4-RhoA interface are mutated in disease and perturbing this interface by introducing mutations into either TRPV4 or RhoA increases TRPV4 channel activity. Together, these results suggest that RhoA serves as an auxiliary subunit for TRPV4, regulating TRPV4-mediated calcium homeostasis and disruption of TRPV4-RhoA interactions can lead to TRPV4-related neuromuscular disease. These insights will help facilitate TRPV4 therapeutics development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do Hoon Kwon
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Brett A McCray
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Shasha Feng
- Departments of Biological Sciences, Chemistry, and Bioengineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, 18015, USA
| | - Meha Kumar
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Jeremy M Sullivan
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Wonpil Im
- Departments of Biological Sciences, Chemistry, and Bioengineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, 18015, USA
| | - Charlotte J Sumner
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Seok-Yong Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
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4
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Kwon DH, Zhang F, McCray BA, Kumar M, Sullivan JM, Sumner CJ, Lee SY. Structural insights into TRPV4-Rho GTPase signaling complex function and disease. bioRxiv 2023:2023.03.15.532784. [PMID: 36993766 PMCID: PMC10055143 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.15.532784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Crosstalk between ion channels and small GTPases is critical during homeostasis and disease 1 , but little is known about the structural underpinnings of these interactions. TRPV4 is a polymodal, calcium-permeable cation channel that has emerged as a potential therapeutic target in multiple conditions 2-5 . Gain-of-function mutations also cause hereditary neuromuscular disease 6-11 . Here, we present cryo-EM structures of human TRPV4 in complex with RhoA in the apo, antagonist-bound closed, and agonist-bound open states. These structures reveal the mechanism of ligand-dependent TRPV4 gating. Channel activation is associated with rigid-body rotation of the intracellular ankyrin repeat domain, but state-dependent interaction with membrane-anchored RhoA constrains this movement. Notably, many residues at the TRPV4-RhoA interface are mutated in disease and perturbing this interface by introducing mutations into either TRPV4 or RhoA increases TRPV4 channel activity. Together, these results suggest that the interaction strength between TRPV4 and RhoA tunes TRPV4-mediated calcium homeostasis and actin remodeling, and that disruption of TRPV4-RhoA interactions leads to TRPV4-related neuromuscular disease, findings that will guide TRPV4 therapeutics development.
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Lee HK, Kwon DH, Aylor DL, Marchuk DA. A cross-species approach using an in vivo evaluation platform in mice demonstrates that sequence variation in human RABEP2 modulates ischemic stroke outcomes. Am J Hum Genet 2022; 109:1814-1827. [PMID: 36167069 PMCID: PMC9606478 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2022.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke, caused by vessel blockage, results in cerebral infarction, the death of brain tissue. Previously, quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping of cerebral infarct volume and collateral vessel number identified a single, strong genetic locus regulating both phenotypes. Additional studies identified RAB GTPase-binding effector protein 2 (Rabep2) as the casual gene. However, there is yet no evidence that variation in the human ortholog of this gene plays any role in ischemic stroke outcomes. We established an in vivo evaluation platform in mice by using adeno-associated virus (AAV) gene replacement and verified that both mouse and human RABEP2 rescue the mouse Rabep2 knockout ischemic stroke volume and collateral vessel phenotypes. Importantly, this cross-species complementation enabled us to experimentally investigate the functional effects of coding sequence variation in human RABEP2. We chose four coding variants from the human population that are predicted by multiple in silico algorithms to be damaging to RABEP2 function. In vitro and in vivo analyses verify that all four led to decreased collateral vessel connections and increased infarct volume. Thus, there are naturally occurring loss-of-function alleles. This cross-species approach will expand the number of targets for therapeutics development for ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Kyu Lee
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
| | - Do Hoon Kwon
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - David L Aylor
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Douglas A Marchuk
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
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Abstract
Single particle cryo-EM often yields multiple protein conformations within a single dataset, but experimentally deducing the temporal relationship of these conformers within a conformational trajectory is not trivial. Here, we use thermal titration methods and cryo-EM in an attempt to obtain temporal resolution of the conformational trajectory of the vanilloid receptor TRPV1 with resiniferatoxin (RTx) bound. Based on our cryo-EM ensemble analysis, RTx binding to TRPV1 appears to induce intracellular gate opening first, followed by selectivity filter dilation, then pore loop rearrangement to reach the final open state. This apparent conformational wave likely arises from the concerted, stepwise, additive structural changes of TRPV1 over many subdomains. Greater understanding of the RTx-mediated long-range allostery of TRPV1 could help further the therapeutic potential of RTx, which is a promising drug candidate for pain relief associated with advanced cancer or knee arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do Hoon Kwon
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Justin G Fedor
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Yang Suo
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Seok-Yong Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
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7
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Kim L, Lee BG, Kim M, Kim MK, Kwon DH, Kim H, Brötz-Oesterhelt H, Roh SH, Song HK. Structural insights into ClpP protease side exit pore-opening by a pH drop coupled with substrate hydrolysis. EMBO J 2022; 41:e109755. [PMID: 35593068 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2021109755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The ClpP serine peptidase is a tetradecameric degradation molecular machine involved in many physiological processes. It becomes a competent ATP-dependent protease when coupled with Clp-ATPases. Small chemical compounds, acyldepsipeptides (ADEPs), are known to cause the dysregulation and activation of ClpP without ATPases and have potential as novel antibiotics. Previously, structural studies of ClpP from various species revealed its structural details, conformational changes, and activation mechanism. Although product release through side exit pores has been proposed, the detailed driving force for product release remains elusive. Herein, we report crystal structures of ClpP from Bacillus subtilis (BsClpP) in unforeseen ADEP-bound states. Cryo-electron microscopy structures of BsClpP revealed various conformational states under different pH conditions. To understand the conformational change required for product release, we investigated the relationship between substrate hydrolysis and the pH-lowering process. The production of hydrolyzed peptides from acidic and basic substrates by proteinase K and BsClpP lowered the pH values. Our data, together with those of previous findings, provide insight into the molecular mechanism of product release by the ClpP self-compartmentalizing protease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leehyeon Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Byung-Gil Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Minki Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Min Kyung Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Do Hoon Kwon
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyunmin Kim
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Heike Brötz-Oesterhelt
- Department of Microbial Bioactive Compounds, Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence Controlling Microbes to Fight Infection, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Soung-Hun Roh
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun Kyu Song
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
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8
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Grivas P, Khaki AR, Wise-Draper TM, French B, Hennessy C, Hsu CY, Shyr Y, Li X, Choueiri TK, Painter CA, Peters S, Rini BI, Thompson MA, Mishra S, Rivera DR, Acoba JD, Abidi MZ, Bakouny Z, Bashir B, Bekaii-Saab T, Berg S, Bernicker EH, Bilen MA, Bindal P, Bishnoi R, Bouganim N, Bowles DW, Cabal A, Caimi PF, Chism DD, Crowell J, Curran C, Desai A, Dixon B, Doroshow DB, Durbin EB, Elkrief A, Farmakiotis D, Fazio A, Fecher LA, Flora DB, Friese CR, Fu J, Gadgeel SM, Galsky MD, Gill DM, Glover MJ, Goyal S, Grover P, Gulati S, Gupta S, Halabi S, Halfdanarson TR, Halmos B, Hausrath DJ, Hawley JE, Hsu E, Huynh-Le M, Hwang C, Jani C, Jayaraj A, Johnson DB, Kasi A, Khan H, Koshkin VS, Kuderer NM, Kwon DH, Lammers PE, Li A, Loaiza-Bonilla A, Low CA, Lustberg MB, Lyman GH, McKay RR, McNair C, Menon H, Mesa RA, Mico V, Mundt D, Nagaraj G, Nakasone ES, Nakayama J, Nizam A, Nock NL, Park C, Patel JM, Patel KG, Peddi P, Pennell NA, Piper-Vallillo AJ, Puc M, Ravindranathan D, Reeves ME, Reuben DY, Rosenstein L, Rosovsky RP, Rubinstein SM, Salazar M, Schmidt AL, Schwartz GK, Shah MR, Shah SA, Shah C, Shaya JA, Singh SRK, Smits M, Stockerl-Goldstein KE, Stover DG, Streckfuss M, Subbiah S, Tachiki L, Tadesse E, Thakkar A, Tucker MD, Verma AK, Vinh DC, Weiss M, Wu JT, Wulff-Burchfield E, Xie Z, Yu PP, Zhang T, Zhou AY, Zhu H, Zubiri L, Shah DP, Warner JL, Lopes G. Association of clinical factors and recent anticancer therapy with COVID-19 severity among patients with cancer: a report from the COVID-19 and Cancer Consortium. Ann Oncol 2021; 32:787-800. [PMID: 33746047 PMCID: PMC7972830 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 67.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with cancer may be at high risk of adverse outcomes from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. We analyzed a cohort of patients with cancer and coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) reported to the COVID-19 and Cancer Consortium (CCC19) to identify prognostic clinical factors, including laboratory measurements and anticancer therapies. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with active or historical cancer and a laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis recorded between 17 March and 18 November 2020 were included. The primary outcome was COVID-19 severity measured on an ordinal scale (uncomplicated, hospitalized, admitted to intensive care unit, mechanically ventilated, died within 30 days). Multivariable regression models included demographics, cancer status, anticancer therapy and timing, COVID-19-directed therapies, and laboratory measurements (among hospitalized patients). RESULTS A total of 4966 patients were included (median age 66 years, 51% female, 50% non-Hispanic white); 2872 (58%) were hospitalized and 695 (14%) died; 61% had cancer that was present, diagnosed, or treated within the year prior to COVID-19 diagnosis. Older age, male sex, obesity, cardiovascular and pulmonary comorbidities, renal disease, diabetes mellitus, non-Hispanic black race, Hispanic ethnicity, worse Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status, recent cytotoxic chemotherapy, and hematologic malignancy were associated with higher COVID-19 severity. Among hospitalized patients, low or high absolute lymphocyte count; high absolute neutrophil count; low platelet count; abnormal creatinine; troponin; lactate dehydrogenase; and C-reactive protein were associated with higher COVID-19 severity. Patients diagnosed early in the COVID-19 pandemic (January-April 2020) had worse outcomes than those diagnosed later. Specific anticancer therapies (e.g. R-CHOP, platinum combined with etoposide, and DNA methyltransferase inhibitors) were associated with high 30-day all-cause mortality. CONCLUSIONS Clinical factors (e.g. older age, hematological malignancy, recent chemotherapy) and laboratory measurements were associated with poor outcomes among patients with cancer and COVID-19. Although further studies are needed, caution may be required in utilizing particular anticancer therapies. CLINICAL TRIAL IDENTIFIER NCT04354701.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Grivas
- University of Washington/Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, Seattle, USA.
| | - A R Khaki
- University of Washington/Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, Seattle, USA; Stanford University, Stanford, USA
| | | | - B French
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA
| | - C Hennessy
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA
| | - C-Y Hsu
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA
| | - Y Shyr
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA
| | - X Li
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, USA
| | | | - C A Painter
- Broad Institute, Cancer Program, Cambridge, USA
| | - S Peters
- Lausanne University, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - B I Rini
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA
| | | | - S Mishra
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA
| | - D R Rivera
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, USA
| | - J D Acoba
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, USA
| | - M Z Abidi
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, USA
| | - Z Bakouny
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA
| | - B Bashir
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | | | - S Berg
- Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, USA
| | | | - M A Bilen
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, USA
| | - P Bindal
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, USA
| | - R Bishnoi
- University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - N Bouganim
- McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Canada
| | - D W Bowles
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, USA
| | - A Cabal
- University of California San Diego, Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, USA
| | - P F Caimi
- University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, Cleveland, USA; Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA
| | - D D Chism
- Thompson Cancer Survival Center, Knoxville, USA
| | - J Crowell
- St. Elizabeth Healthcare, Edgewood, USA
| | - C Curran
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA
| | - A Desai
- Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Rochester, USA
| | - B Dixon
- St. Elizabeth Healthcare, Edgewood, USA
| | - D B Doroshow
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - E B Durbin
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA
| | - A Elkrief
- McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Canada
| | - D Farmakiotis
- The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, USA
| | - A Fazio
- Tufts Medical Center Cancer Center, Boston and Stoneham, USA
| | - L A Fecher
- University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - D B Flora
- St. Elizabeth Healthcare, Edgewood, USA
| | - C R Friese
- University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - J Fu
- Tufts Medical Center Cancer Center, Boston and Stoneham, USA
| | - S M Gadgeel
- Henry Ford Cancer Institute/Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, USA
| | - M D Galsky
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - D M Gill
- Intermountain Healthcare, Salt Lake City, USA
| | | | - S Goyal
- George Washington University, Washington DC, USA
| | - P Grover
- University of Cincinnati Cancer Center, Cincinnati, USA
| | - S Gulati
- University of Cincinnati Cancer Center, Cincinnati, USA
| | - S Gupta
- Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, USA
| | | | | | - B Halmos
- Albert Einstein Cancer Center/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, USA
| | - D J Hausrath
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, USA
| | - J E Hawley
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - E Hsu
- Hartford HealthCare, Hartford, USA; University of Connecticut, Farmington, USA
| | - M Huynh-Le
- George Washington University, Washington DC, USA
| | - C Hwang
- Henry Ford Cancer Institute/Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, USA
| | - C Jani
- Mount Auburn Hospital, Cambridge, USA
| | | | - D B Johnson
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA
| | - A Kasi
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, USA
| | - H Khan
- The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, USA
| | - V S Koshkin
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
| | - N M Kuderer
- Advanced Cancer Research Group, LLC, Kirkland, USA
| | - D H Kwon
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
| | | | - A Li
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA
| | | | - C A Low
- Intermountain Healthcare, Salt Lake City, USA
| | | | - G H Lyman
- University of Washington/Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, Seattle, USA
| | - R R McKay
- University of California San Diego, Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, USA
| | - C McNair
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - H Menon
- Penn State Health/Penn State Cancer Institute/St. Joseph Cancer Center, Hershey, USA
| | - R A Mesa
- Mays Cancer Center at UT Health San Antonio MD Anderson, San Antonio, USA
| | - V Mico
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - D Mundt
- Advocate Aurora Health, Milwaukee, USA
| | - G Nagaraj
- Loma Linda University Cancer Center, Loma Linda, USA
| | - E S Nakasone
- University of Washington/Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, Seattle, USA
| | - J Nakayama
- Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA; University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, USA
| | - A Nizam
- Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, USA
| | - N L Nock
- University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, Cleveland, USA; Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA
| | - C Park
- University of Cincinnati Cancer Center, Cincinnati, USA
| | - J M Patel
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, USA
| | - K G Patel
- University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento, USA
| | - P Peddi
- Willis-Knighton Cancer Center, Shreveport, USA
| | - N A Pennell
- Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, USA
| | | | - M Puc
- Virtua Health, Marlton, USA
| | | | - M E Reeves
- Loma Linda University Cancer Center, Loma Linda, USA
| | - D Y Reuben
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, USA
| | | | - R P Rosovsky
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | | | - M Salazar
- Mays Cancer Center at UT Health San Antonio MD Anderson, San Antonio, USA
| | | | - G K Schwartz
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - M R Shah
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, USA
| | - S A Shah
- Stanford University, Stanford, USA
| | - C Shah
- University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - J A Shaya
- University of California San Diego, Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, USA
| | - S R K Singh
- Henry Ford Cancer Institute/Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, USA
| | - M Smits
- ThedaCare Regional Cancer Center, Appleton, USA
| | | | - D G Stover
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | | | - S Subbiah
- Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, USA
| | - L Tachiki
- University of Washington/Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, Seattle, USA
| | - E Tadesse
- Advocate Aurora Health, Milwaukee, USA
| | - A Thakkar
- Albert Einstein Cancer Center/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, USA
| | - M D Tucker
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA
| | - A K Verma
- Albert Einstein Cancer Center/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, USA
| | - D C Vinh
- McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Canada
| | - M Weiss
- ThedaCare Regional Cancer Center, Appleton, USA
| | - J T Wu
- Stanford University, Stanford, USA
| | | | - Z Xie
- Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Rochester, USA
| | - P P Yu
- Hartford HealthCare, Hartford, USA
| | - T Zhang
- Duke University, Durham, USA
| | - A Y Zhou
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, USA
| | - H Zhu
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - L Zubiri
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - D P Shah
- Mays Cancer Center at UT Health San Antonio MD Anderson, San Antonio, USA
| | - J L Warner
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA
| | - GdL Lopes
- University of Miami/Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, USA
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9
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Kwon DH, Vashisht R, Borno HT, Aggarwal RR, Small EJ, Butte AJ, Huang FW. Androgen-deprivation therapy and SARS-CoV-2 in men with prostate cancer: findings from the University of California Health System registry. Ann Oncol 2021; 32:678-679. [PMID: 33571636 PMCID: PMC7870099 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.01.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- D H Kwon
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
| | - R Vashisht
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, USA; Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
| | - H T Borno
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, USA; Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, USA
| | - R R Aggarwal
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, USA; Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, USA
| | - E J Small
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, USA; Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, USA
| | - A J Butte
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, USA; Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
| | - F W Huang
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, USA; Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, USA; Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, USA; San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, USA.
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10
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Kim L, Heo J, Kwon DH, Shin JS, Jang SH, Park ZY, Song HK. Structural basis for the N-degron specificity of ClpS1 from Arabidopsis thaliana. Protein Sci 2020; 30:700-708. [PMID: 33368743 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The N-degron pathway determines the half-life of proteins in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes by precisely recognizing the N-terminal residue (N-degron) of substrates. ClpS proteins from bacteria bind to substrates containing hydrophobic N-degrons (Leu, Phe, Tyr, and Trp) and deliver them to the caseinolytic protease system ClpAP. This mechanism is preserved in organelles such as mitochondria and chloroplasts. Bacterial ClpS adaptors bind preferentially to Leu and Phe N-degrons; however, ClpS1 from Arabidopsis thaliana (AtClpS1) shows a difference in that it binds strongly to Phe and Trp N-degrons and only weakly to Leu. This difference in behavior cannot be explained without structural information due to the high sequence homology between bacterial and plant ClpS proteins. Here, we report the structure of AtClpS1 at 2.0 Å resolution in the presence of a bound N-degron. The key determinants for α-amino group recognition are conserved among all ClpS proteins, but the α3-helix of eukaryotic AtClpS1 is significantly shortened, and consequently, a loop forming a pocket for the N-degron is moved slightly outward to enlarge the pocket. In addition, amino acid replacement from Val to Ala causes a reduction in hydrophobic interactions with Leu N-degron. A combination of the fine-tuned hydrophobic residues in the pocket and the basic gatekeeper at the entrance of the pocket controls the N-degron selectivity of the plant ClpS protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leehyeon Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jiwon Heo
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Do Hoon Kwon
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin Seok Shin
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Se Hwan Jang
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Zee-Yong Park
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Hyun Kyu Song
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
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11
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Lee KE, Yeo JH, Kim YJ, Kim JG, Yoon YH, Kwon DH, Cho YH, Lee JY. Short-term Effect of Gamma Knife Radiosurgery for a Choroidal Tumor. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2020. [DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2020.61.10.1156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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12
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Lee Y, Heo J, Jeong H, Hong KT, Kwon DH, Shin MH, Oh M, Sable GA, Ahn GO, Lee JS, Song HK, Lim HS. Targeted Degradation of Transcription Coactivator SRC-1 through the N-Degron Pathway. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:17548-17555. [PMID: 33026161 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202005004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Aberrantly elevated steroid receptor coactivator-1 (SRC-1) expression and activity are strongly correlated with cancer progression and metastasis. Here we report, for the first time, the development of a proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) that is composed of a selective SRC-1 binder linked to a specific ligand for UBR box, a unique class of E3 ligases recognizing N-degrons. We showed that the bifunctional molecule efficiently and selectively induced the degradation of SRC-1 in cells through the N-degron pathway. Importantly, given the ubiquitous expression of the UBR protein in most cells, PROTACs targeting the UBR box could degrade a protein of interest regardless of cell types. We also showed that the SRC-1 degrader significantly suppressed cancer cell invasion and migration in vitro and in vivo. Together, these results demonstrate that the SRC-1 degrader can be an invaluable chemical tool in the studies of SRC-1 functions. Moreover, our findings suggest PROTACs based on the N-degron pathway as a widely useful strategy to degrade disease-relevant proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeongju Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Division of Advanced Materials Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, 37673, South Korea
| | - Jiwon Heo
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Hoibin Jeong
- Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Kyung Tae Hong
- Molecular Recognition Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 5. Hwarang-ro, 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02792, South Korea
| | - Do Hoon Kwon
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Min Hyeon Shin
- Department of Chemistry and Division of Advanced Materials Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, 37673, South Korea
| | - Misook Oh
- Department of Chemistry and Division of Advanced Materials Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, 37673, South Korea
| | - Ganesh A Sable
- Department of Chemistry and Division of Advanced Materials Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, 37673, South Korea
| | - G-One Ahn
- Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Jun-Seok Lee
- Molecular Recognition Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 5. Hwarang-ro, 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02792, South Korea
| | - Hyun Kyu Song
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Suk Lim
- Department of Chemistry and Division of Advanced Materials Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, 37673, South Korea
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Lee Y, Heo J, Jeong H, Hong KT, Kwon DH, Shin MH, Oh M, Sable GA, Ahn G, Lee J, Song HK, Lim H. Targeted Degradation of Transcription Coactivator SRC‐1 through the N‐Degron Pathway. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202005004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yeongju Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Division of Advanced Materials Science Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu Pohang 37673 South Korea
| | - Jiwon Heo
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology Korea University 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu Seoul 02841 South Korea
| | - Hoibin Jeong
- Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro Gwanak-gu Seoul 08826 South Korea
| | - Kyung Tae Hong
- Molecular Recognition Research Center Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) 5. Hwarang-ro, 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu Seoul 02792 South Korea
| | - Do Hoon Kwon
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology Korea University 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu Seoul 02841 South Korea
| | - Min Hyeon Shin
- Department of Chemistry and Division of Advanced Materials Science Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu Pohang 37673 South Korea
| | - Misook Oh
- Department of Chemistry and Division of Advanced Materials Science Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu Pohang 37673 South Korea
| | - Ganesh A. Sable
- Department of Chemistry and Division of Advanced Materials Science Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu Pohang 37673 South Korea
| | - G‐One Ahn
- Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro Gwanak-gu Seoul 08826 South Korea
| | - Jun‐Seok Lee
- Molecular Recognition Research Center Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) 5. Hwarang-ro, 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu Seoul 02792 South Korea
| | - Hyun Kyu Song
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology Korea University 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu Seoul 02841 South Korea
| | - Hyun‐Suk Lim
- Department of Chemistry and Division of Advanced Materials Science Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu Pohang 37673 South Korea
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Byun J, Kwon DH, Lee DH, Park W, Park JC, Ahn JS. Radiosurgery for Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformation (AVM) : Current Treatment Strategy and Radiosurgical Technique for Large Cerebral AVM. J Korean Neurosurg Soc 2020; 63:415-426. [PMID: 32423182 PMCID: PMC7365281 DOI: 10.3340/jkns.2020.0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are congenital anomalies of the cerebrovascular system. AVM harbors 2.2% annual hemorrhage risk in unruptured cases and 4.5% annual hemorrhage risk of previously ruptured cases. Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) have been shown excellent treatment outcomes for patients with small- to moderated sized AVM which can be achieved in 80–90% complete obliteration rate with a 2–3 years latency period. The most important factors are associated with obliteration after SRS is the radiation dose to the AVM. In our institutional clinical practice, now 22 Gy (50% isodose line) dose of radiation has been used for treatment of cerebral AVM in single-session radiosurgery. However, dose-volume relationship can be unfavorable for large AVMs when treated in a single-session radiosurgery, resulting high complication rates for effective dose. Thus, various strategies should be considered to treat large AVM. The role of pre-SRS embolization is permanent volume reduction of the nidus and treat high-risk lesion such as AVM-related aneurysm and high-flow arteriovenous shunt. Various staging technique of radiosurgery including volume-staged radiosurgery, hypofractionated radiotherapy and dose-staged radiosurgery are possible option for large AVM. The incidence of post-radiosurgery complication is varied, the incidence rate of radiological post-radiosurgical complication has been reported 30–40% and symptomatic complication rate was reported from 8.1% to 11.8%. In the future, novel therapy which incorporate endovascular treatment using liquid embolic material and new radiosurgical technique such as gene or cytokine-targeted radio-sensitization should be needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joonho Byun
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Do Hoon Kwon
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Do Heui Lee
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Wonhyoung Park
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Cheol Park
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Sung Ahn
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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15
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Kim M, Park W, Chung Y, Lee SU, Park JC, Kwon DH, Ahn JS, Lee S. Development and validation of a risk scoring model for postoperative adult moyamoya disease. J Neurosurg 2020; 134:1505-1514. [PMID: 32384266 DOI: 10.3171/2020.2.jns193221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The current grading system for moyamoya disease (MMD) is focused on angiographic studies with limited clinical application. The authors aimed to determine relevant factors that may impact postoperative outcome and establish a scoring system to predict the functional outcome. METHODS Adult patients with MMD who underwent treatment between 1998 and 2016 were included. Factors such as age, sex, comorbidity, smoking, MMD family history, initial presentation, multimodal imaging modalities, and types of surgical revascularization were thoroughly reviewed. These factors were analyzed to determine possible risk factors related to unfavorable 6-month postoperative outcomes using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) (unfavorable: mRS score ≥ 3). A scoring system was developed using these independent risk factors to predict the outcome and validated using prospectively collected data from multiple centers between 2017 and 2018. RESULTS Of 302 patients for whom applications were submitted, 260 patients (321 hemispheres) met the diagnostic criteria. In multivariate analysis, hyperlipidemia, smoking, cerebral infarction on preoperative CT or MRI, and moderately to severely reduced regional cerebrovascular reserve results from Diamox SPECT were significantly related to unfavorable outcome. The authors developed a scoring system and stratified patients into risk groups according to their scores: low-risk (score 0-3), intermediate-risk (score 4-6), and high-risk (score 7-9) groups. This model demonstrated both good discrimination and calibration using C-statistics and the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test showing 0.812 (95% CI 0.743-0.881) (p = 0.568) for the development and 0.954 (95% CI 0.896-1) (p = 0.097) for the temporal and external validation cohort. CONCLUSIONS The authors' scoring system is readily adoptable to predict the postoperative outcome for MMD. Their data revealed the importance of smoking and hyperlipidemia, which were the only modifiable factors included in the scoring system. The authors validated their scoring system both internally and externally and maintained good performance, highlighting the system's generalizability and reliability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moinay Kim
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - Wonhyoung Park
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - Yeongu Chung
- 2Department of Neurosurgery, Kangbuk Samsung Medical Center Hospital, Seoul; and
| | - Si Un Lee
- 3Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Cheol Park
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - Do Hoon Kwon
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - Jae Sung Ahn
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - Seungjoo Lee
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
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16
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Tetsuno K, Ajimura S, Akutagawa K, Batpurev T, Chan WM, Fushimi K, Hazama R, Iida T, Ikeyama Y, Khai BT, Kishimoto T, Lee KK, Li X, Matsuoka K, Matsuoka K, Mizukoshi K, Mori Y, Nakajima K, Noithong P, Nomachi M, Ogawa I, Ohsumi H, Ozawa K, Shimizu K, Shokati M, Soberi F, Suzuki K, Takemoto Y, Takihira Y, Tamagawa Y, Tozawa M, Trang VTT, Umehara S, Yamamoto K, Yoshida S, Kim I, Kwon DH, Kim HL, Lee HJ, Lee MK, Kim YH. Status of 48Ca double beta decay search and its future prospect in CANDLES. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/1468/1/012132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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17
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Kim M, Cho YH, Kim JH, Kim CJ, Roh SW, Kwon DH. Role of gamma knife radiosurgery for recurrent or residual World Health Organization grade II and III intracranial meningiomas. Br J Neurosurg 2020; 34:239-245. [PMID: 32054320 DOI: 10.1080/02688697.2020.1726285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Background: To analysis the role of gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS) in treatment of the recurrent or residual World Health Organization (WHO) grade II and III meningiomas.Methods: Between 1995 and 2015, a total of 1163 meningioma patients were treated with GKRS at our single institute; 26 atypical and 6 anaplastic meningiomas were enrolled. The group consisted of 16 men and 16 women with a median age of 59.5 years (range 30-78 years). The median follow-up was 106.5 months (range 40-216 months). All were cases of tumour recurrence except 7 cases of residual lesions. Six patients were given fractionated radiotherapy before the initial course of GKRS (median dose, 56 Gy).Results: The median tumour volume was 3035 mm3 (range 247-11400 mm3). The median prescribed dose to high grade meningioma margin was 14 Gy (range 12-20 Gy,). The median prescribed dose to WHO II and III meningioma were 14 Gy (range 12-18 Gy) and 15 Gy (range 14-20 Gy), respectively. After radiosurgery, local tumour control rate was 50%. Tumour progression was observed in 28 patients; 16 recurrences were local (12 atypical and 4 anaplastic), 8 were marginal (7 atypical and 1 anaplastic), and 4 were distal (3 atypical and 1 anaplastic). Seven patients (21.88%) developed adverse radiation effects after GKRS. WHO grade was strongly associated with survival, with grade II showing a much longer survival (p = 0.01), and a prior history of radiation was associated with decreased survival (p = 0.003). Multivariate analysis showed that WHO grade (hazard ratio, HR: 5.051, p = 0.01) and prior radiation (HR: 5.763, p = 0.004) were independently associated with survival.Conclusions: WHO grade and a prior history of radiation therapy are reliable long-term predictors of overall outcome when treated with GKRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moinay Kim
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hyun Cho
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hoon Kim
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Jin Kim
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Woo Roh
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Hoon Kwon
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kim L, Kwon DH, Heo J, Park MR, Song HK. Use of the LC3B-fusion technique for biochemical and structural studies of proteins involved in the N-degron pathway. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:2590-2600. [PMID: 31919097 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.010912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The N-degron pathway, formerly the N-end rule pathway, is a protein degradation process that determines the half-life of proteins based on their N-terminal residues. In contrast to the well-established in vivo studies over decades, in vitro studies of this pathway, including biochemical characterization and high-resolution structures, are relatively limited. In this study, we have developed a unique fusion technique using microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B light chain 3B, a key marker protein of autophagy, to tag the N terminus of the proteins involved in the N-degron pathway, which enables high yield of homogeneous target proteins with variable N-terminal residues for diverse biochemical studies including enzymatic and binding assays and substrate identification. Intriguingly, crystallization showed a markedly enhanced probability, even for the N-degron complexes. To validate our results, we determined the structures of select proteins in the N-degron pathway and compared them with the Protein Data Bank-deposited proteins. Furthermore, several biochemical applications of this technique were introduced. Therefore, this technique can be used as a general tool for the in vitro study of the N-degron pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leehyeon Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Do Hoon Kwon
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Jiwon Heo
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Mi Rae Park
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Hyun Kyu Song
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, South Korea.
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Kwon BS, Cho YH, Yoon SK, Lee DH, Kim SW, Kwon DH, Lee JC, Choi CM. Impact of clinicopathologic features on leptomeningeal metastasis from lung adenocarcinoma and treatment efficacy with epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Thorac Cancer 2020; 11:436-442. [PMID: 31910497 PMCID: PMC6996974 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.13296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We investigated the risk factors for leptomeningeal carcinomatosis (LMC) and compared clinical efficacies of various treatment modalities including intrathecal (IT) chemotherapy in patients with lung adenocarcinoma harboring epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations. Methods Using clinical research data from the Asan Medical Center, we retrospectively analyzed data of patients diagnosed with LMC, confirmed via cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis from January 2008 to December 2017. Results We identified 1189 patients with lung adenocarcinoma harboring EGFR mutations. Among these, 9.8% had a median duration of 13.5 (interquartile range [IQR] 6.8–23.6) months from the initial lung cancer diagnosis to LMC occurrence. Younger age (hazard ratio [HR] 1.043, P < 0.001), initial metastatic disease (HR 3.768, P < 0.001), and metastasis to the brain (HR 8.682, P < 0.001) or lung (HR 2.317, P = 0.004) were risk factors associated with LMC. Median survival duration from LMC diagnosis was 3.8 (IQR 1.5–8.6) months. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status score ≤ 2 (HR 0.505, P = 0.007) and insertion of Ommaya reservoir (HR 0.445, P = 0.005) were associated with longer survival. EGFR‐tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) conferred survival benefits compared to cytotoxic chemotherapy or best supportive care (HR 2.222, P = 0.018; HR 5.638, P < 0.001, respectively). Although IT chemotherapy showed no survival benefit, it was associated with improved neurologic symptoms and signs and CSF negative conversion. Conclusions Younger age, initial diagnosis of metastatic disease, and metastasis to the brain or different lobes were associated with LMC in patients with EGFR‐mutant lung adenocarcinoma. Therapeutic interventions including EGFR‐TKIs, cytotoxic chemotherapy, or Ommaya reservoir, and good performance status were related to favorable survival outcomes. Key points Age and disease status were associated with LMC in patients with EGFR‐mutant adenocarcinoma, and EGFR‐TKI, Ommaya reservoir, and good performance status were related to survival benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byoung Soo Kwon
- Department of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young Hyun Cho
- Department of Neurosurgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Shin-Kyo Yoon
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dae Ho Lee
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang-We Kim
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Do Hoon Kwon
- Department of Neurosurgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae Cheol Lee
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chang-Min Choi
- Department of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Kim SH, Lim SH, Lee AR, Kwon DH, Song HK, Lee JH, Cho M, Johner A, Lee NK, Hong SC. Unveiling the pathway to Z-DNA in the protein-induced B-Z transition. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 46:4129-4137. [PMID: 29584891 PMCID: PMC5934635 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gky200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Left-handed Z-DNA is an extraordinary conformation of DNA, which can form by special sequences under specific biological, chemical or physical conditions. Human ADAR1, prototypic Z-DNA binding protein (ZBP), binds to Z-DNA with high affinity. Utilizing single-molecule FRET assays for Z-DNA forming sequences embedded in a long inactive DNA, we measure thermodynamic populations of ADAR1-bound DNA conformations in both GC and TG repeat sequences. Based on a statistical physics model, we determined quantitatively the affinities of ADAR1 to both Z-form and B-form of these sequences. We also reported what pathways it takes to induce the B–Z transition in those sequences. Due to the high junction energy, an intermediate B* state has to accumulate prior to the B–Z transition. Our study showing the stable B* state supports the active picture for the protein-induced B–Z transition that occurs under a physiological setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sook Ho Kim
- Center for Molecular Spectroscopy and Dynamics, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul 02841, South Korea.,Department of Physics, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - So-Hee Lim
- Center for Molecular Spectroscopy and Dynamics, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul 02841, South Korea.,Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Ae-Ree Lee
- Department of Chemistry and RINS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, South Korea
| | - Do Hoon Kwon
- Center for Molecular Spectroscopy and Dynamics, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul 02841, South Korea.,Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Hyun Kyu Song
- Center for Molecular Spectroscopy and Dynamics, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul 02841, South Korea.,Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Joon-Hwa Lee
- Department of Chemistry and RINS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, South Korea
| | - Minhaeng Cho
- Center for Molecular Spectroscopy and Dynamics, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul 02841, South Korea.,Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Albert Johner
- Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS 23 rue du Loess 67034, Strasbourg cedex 2, France.,Department of Physics, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, South Korea
| | - Nam-Kyung Lee
- Institute Charles Sadron, CNRS 23 rue du Loess 67034, Strasbourg cedex 2, France.,Department of Physics, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, South Korea
| | - Seok-Cheol Hong
- Center for Molecular Spectroscopy and Dynamics, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul 02841, South Korea.,Department of Physics, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea
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Kim L, Kwon DH, Song HK. Structural studies of a novel ubiquitin-modifying enzyme, SdeA, using various tools. Acta Crystallogr A Found Adv 2019. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767319099215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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22
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Park OH, Ha H, Lee Y, Boo SH, Kwon DH, Song HK, Kim YK. Endoribonucleolytic Cleavage of m6A-Containing RNAs by RNase P/MRP Complex. Mol Cell 2019; 74:494-507.e8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2019.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Kim M, Lee HS, Lee S, Park JC, Ahn JS, Kwon DH, Kwun BD, Park W. Pediatric Intracranial Aneurysms: Favorable Outcomes Despite Rareness and Complexity. World Neurosurg 2019; 125:e1203-e1216. [PMID: 30794975 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2019.01.280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pediatric intracranial aneurysms (IAs) are rare and differ from their adult counterparts in terms of their aneurysmal characteristics, presentation, treatment, and outcomes. Their treatment is often more difficult and complex compared with that of adults. However, studies outlining the clinical effect of pediatric IAs remain sparse. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the data from patients aged ≤18 years admitted to our hospital from 2000 to 2017 with a diagnosis of IAs. RESULTS From the sample of 8207 patients with an IA diagnosis, 26 patients with 33 IAs were involved. Our cohort included 17 males and 9 females, with a mean age of 12.5 years. The mean follow-up duration was 4 years and 3 months. Seven patients (26.92%) were assumed to have a traumatic origin for their IAs. Ruptured aneurysms were more common than unruptured ones (61.53% vs. 38.46%). Complex features were observed in 14 aneurysms (42.42%). Initially, microsurgical and endovascular treatment were both performed in 10 patients (38.46%). A good recovery was obtained in 16 patients (61.54%) as determined by the Glasgow outcome scale scores at the 6-month follow-up visits. The complete obliteration of aneurysms was observed in 17 patients (65.38%). Endovascular treatment was the initial treatment in 3 patients with incomplete obliteration. CONCLUSIONS The treatment of pediatric IAs is challenging and technically demanding owing to their discrete nature compared with adult IAs and the need for greater surgical skills. We found a male predominance, with internal carotid artery bifurcation as the most frequent location of the aneurysms. Despite the greater incidence of ruptured and complex aneurysm cases, many patients had experienced a good recovery at the 6-month follow-up examinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moinay Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Heui Seung Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungjoo Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Cheol Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Sung Ahn
- Department of Neurosurgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Hoon Kwon
- Department of Neurosurgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Duk Kwun
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonhyoung Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Yoon KJ, Cho B, Kwak JW, Lee D, Kwon DH, Ahn SD, Lee SW, Kim CJ, Roh SW, Cho YH. Cyberknife Dosimetric Planning Using a Dose-Limiting Shell Method for Brain Metastases. J Korean Neurosurg Soc 2018; 61:753-760. [PMID: 30396248 PMCID: PMC6280060 DOI: 10.3340/jkns.2018.0075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective We investigated the effect of optimization in dose-limiting shell method on the dosimetric quality of CyberKnife (CK) plans in treating brain metastases (BMs).
Methods We selected 19 BMs previously treated using CK between 2014 and 2015. The original CK plans (CKoriginal) had been produced using 1 to 3 dose-limiting shells : one at the prescription isodose level (PIDL) for dose conformity and the others at lowisodose levels (10–30% of prescription dose) for dose spillage. In each case, a modified CK plan (CKmodified) was generated using 5 dose-limiting shells : one at the PIDL, another at intermediate isodose level (50% of prescription dose) for steeper dose fall-off, and the others at low-isodose levels, with an optimized shell-dilation size based on our experience. A Gamma Knife (GK) plan was also produced using the original contour set. Thus, three data sets of dosimetric parameters were generated and compared.
Results There were no differences in the conformity indices among the CKoriginal, CKmodified, and GK plans (mean 1.22, 1.18, and 1.24, respectively; p=0.079) and tumor coverage (mean 99.5%, 99.5%, and 99.4%, respectively; p=0.177), whereas the CKmodified plans produced significantly smaller normal tissue volumes receiving 50% of prescription dose than those produced by the CKoriginal plans (p<0.001), with no statistical differences in those volumes compared with GK plans (p=0.345).
Conclusion These results indicate that significantly steeper dose fall-off is able to be achieved in the CK system by optimizing the shell function while maintaining high conformity of dose to tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung Jun Yoon
- Radiosurgery Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byungchul Cho
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Won Kwak
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Doheui Lee
- Radiosurgery Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Do Hoon Kwon
- Department of Neurosurgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Do Ahn
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang-Wook Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Jin Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Woo Roh
- Department of Neurosurgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Hyun Cho
- Department of Neurosurgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Abstract
During macroautophagy/autophagy, SQSTM1/p62 plays dual roles as a key mediator of cargo selection and as an autophagic substrate. SQSTM1 links N-degrons and/or ubiquitinated cargoes to the autophagosome by forming homo- or hetero-oligomers, although its N-degron recognition and oligomerization mechanisms are not well characterized. We recently found that SQSTM1 is a novel type of N-recognin whose ZZ domain provides a negatively-charged binding pocket for Arg-charged N-degron (Nt-Arg), a prototype type-1 substrate. Although differences in binding affinity exist for each N-degron, SQSTM1 also interacts with type-2 N-degrons, such as Nt-Tyr and Nt-Trp. Intriguingly, interactions between SQSTM1's ZZ domain and various N-degrons are greatly influenced by pH-dependent SQSTM1 oligomerization via its PB1 domain. Because cellular pH conditions vary from neutral to acidic depending on the stage of autophagy, the pH-dependent regulation of SQSTM1's oligomerization must be tightly coupled with the autophagic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do Hoon Kwon
- a Department of Life Sciences , Korea University , Seoul , Korea
| | - Leehyeon Kim
- a Department of Life Sciences , Korea University , Seoul , Korea
| | - Hyun Kyu Song
- a Department of Life Sciences , Korea University , Seoul , Korea
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Park ES, Lee EJ, Yun JH, Cho YH, Kim JH, Kwon DH. Gamma Knife Radiosurgery for Metastatic Brain Tumors with Exophytic Hemorrhage. J Korean Neurosurg Soc 2018; 61:592-599. [PMID: 30196656 PMCID: PMC6129753 DOI: 10.3340/jkns.2017.0303.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Metastatic brain tumors (MBTs) often present with intracerebral hemorrhage. Although Gamma Knife surgery (GKS) is a valid treatment option for hemorrhagic MBTs, its efficacy is unclear. To achieve oncologic control and reduce radiation toxicity, we used a radiosurgical targeting technique that confines the tumor core within the hematoma when performing GKS in patients with such tumors. We reviewed our experience in this endeavor, focusing on local tumor control and treatment-associated morbidities.
Methods From 2007 to 2014, 13 patients with hemorrhagic MBTs were treated via GKS using our targeting technique. The median marginal dose prescribed was 23 Gy (range, 20–25). GKS was performed approximately 2 weeks after tumor bleeding to allow the patient’s condition to stabilize.
Results The primary sites of the MBTs included the liver (n=7), lung (n=2), kidney (n=1), and stomach (n=1); in two cases, the primary tumor was a melanoma. The mean tumor volume was 4.00 cm3 (range, 0.74–11.0). The mean overall survival duration after GKS was 12.5 months (range, 3–29), and three patients are still alive at the time of the review. The local tumor control rate was 92% (tumor disappearance 23%, tumor regression 46%, and stable disease 23%). There was one (8%) instance of local recurrence, which occurred 11 months after GKS in the solid portion of the tumor. No GKS-related complications were observed.
Conclusion Our experience shows that GKS performed in conjunction with our targeting technique safely and effectively treats hemorrhagic MBTs. The success of this technique may reflect the presence of scattered metastatic tumor cells in the hematoma that do not proliferate owing to the inadequate microenvironment of the hematoma. We suggest that GKS can be a useful treatment option for patients with hemorrhagic MBTs that are not amenable to surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Suk Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Eun Jung Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Hwaseong, Korea
| | - Jung-Ho Yun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Young Hyun Cho
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong Hoon Kim
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Do Hoon Kwon
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Kwon DH, Kim L, Song HK. Structural insight into degradation mechanism of N-end rule substrates by p62/SQSTM1 selective autophagy adaptor. Acta Crystallogr A Found Adv 2018. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767318096873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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28
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Kim L, Kwon DH, Kim BH, Kim J, Park MR, Park ZY, Song HK. Structural and Biochemical Study of the Mono-ADP-Ribosyltransferase Domain of SdeA, a Ubiquitylating/Deubiquitylating Enzyme from Legionella pneumophila. J Mol Biol 2018; 430:2843-2856. [PMID: 29870726 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2018.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Conventional ubiquitylation occurs through an ATP-dependent three-enzyme cascade (E1, E2, and E3) that mediates the covalent conjugation of the C-terminus of ubiquitin to a lysine on the substrate. SdeA, which belongs to the SidE effector family of Legionella pneumophila, can transfer ubiquitin to endoplasmic reticulum-associated Rab-family GTPases in a manner independent of E1 and E2 enzymes. The novel ubiquitin-modifying enzyme SdeA utilizes NAD+ as a cofactor to attach ubiquitin to a serine residue of the substrate. Here, to elucidate the coupled enzymatic reaction of NAD+ hydrolysis and ADP-ribosylation of ubiquitin in SdeA, we characterized the mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase domain of SdeA and show that it consists of two sub-domains termed mART-N and mART-C. The crystal structure of the mART-C domain of SdeA was also determined in free form and in complex with NAD+ at high resolution. Furthermore, the spatial orientations of the N-terminal deubiquitylase, phosphodiesterase, mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase, and C-terminal coiled-coil domains within the 180-kDa full-length SdeA were determined. These results provide insight into the unusual ubiquitylation mechanism of SdeA and expand our knowledge on the structure-function of mono-ADP-ribosyltransferases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leehyeon Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Do Hoon Kwon
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Bong Heon Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Jiyeon Kim
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - Mi Rae Park
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Zee-Yong Park
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - Hyun Kyu Song
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea.
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Kwon DH, Kwon HK, Kim DH, Yang CY. Larval species composition and genetic structures of Carposina sasakii, Grapholita dimorpha, and Grapholita molesta from Korea. Bull Entomol Res 2018; 108:241-252. [PMID: 28758607 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485317000694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Rapid determination of the larval species composition and understanding of their genetic structure is important to establish the appropriate management system for multiple species infesting in fruits. We established accurate and rapid diagnostic methods based on multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) diagnostic techniques to discriminate the three major lepidopteran species in orchard, Carposina sasakii, Grapholita dimorpha, and Grapholita molesta. Each species was identified by amplifying species-specific PCR products (375 bp for C. sasakii, 125 and 234 bp for G. dimorpha, and 125 bp for G. molesta). Based on species composition analysis from six types of infested fruits, G. dimorpha constituted the highest proportion (47.8%), followed by 35.2 and 13.5% for G. molesta and C. sasakii, respectively. Interestingly, high prevalence was found in G. dimorpha and G. molesta for plum and peach, respectively. Based on genetic diversity analysis, the three insect species exhibited moderate or high haplotype diversity and low nucleotide diversity, ranging from 0.319 to 0.699 and 0.0006 to 0.0045, respectively. Demographic expansion was not detected according to either a neutrality test or mismatch distribution analysis. Moreover, no significant genetic structure corresponding to province, host plant, fruit type, or collection period was observed. These results suggest that the population of each species would have high dispersal ability following fruit-generating periods via intrinsic host adaptation ability regardless of the spatial and temporal conditions. Determination of larval composition on fruit is valuable for establishing appropriate management systems that take the species into consideration; additionally, population genetic approaches can be utilized to understand the effects of environmental factors (province, host fruit, fruit type, etc.) on population structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- D H Kwon
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University,Seoul 08826,Republic of Korea
| | - H K Kwon
- Horticultural and Herbal Crop Environment Division,National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration,Jeollabuk-do 55365,Republic of Korea
| | - D H Kim
- Horticultural and Herbal Crop Environment Division,National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration,Jeollabuk-do 55365,Republic of Korea
| | - C Y Yang
- Horticultural and Herbal Crop Environment Division,National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration,Jeollabuk-do 55365,Republic of Korea
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Abstract
The cytoplasm in mammalian cells is a battlefield between the host and invading microbes. Both the living organisms have evolved unique strategies for their survival. The host utilizes a specialized autophagy system, xenophagy, for the clearance of invading pathogens, whereas bacteria secrete proteins to defend and escape from the host xenophagy. Several molecules have been identified and their structural investigation has enabled the comprehension of these mechanisms at the molecular level. In this review, we focus on one example of host autophagy and the other of bacterial defense: the autophagy receptor, NDP52, in conjunction with the sugar receptor, galectin-8, plays a critical role in targeting the autophagy machinery against Salmonella; and the cysteine protease, RavZ secreted by Legionella pneumophila cleaves the LC3-PE on the phagophore membrane. The structure-function relationships of these two examples and the directions of future research will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do Hoon Kwon
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841,
Korea
| | - Hyun Kyu Song
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841,
Korea
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Kwon DH, Kim L, Kim BW, Kim JH, Roh KH, Choi EJ, Song HK. A novel conformation of the LC3-interacting region motif revealed by the structure of a complex between LC3B and RavZ. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 490:1093-1099. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.06.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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32
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Kim BW, Jung YO, Kim MK, Kwon DH, Park SH, Kim JH, Kuk YB, Oh SJ, Kim L, Kim BH, Yang WS, Song HK. ACCORD: an assessment tool to determine the orientation of homodimeric coiled-coils. Sci Rep 2017; 7:43318. [PMID: 28266564 PMCID: PMC5339707 DOI: 10.1038/srep43318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The coiled-coil (CC) domain is a very important structural unit of proteins that plays critical roles in various biological functions. The major oligomeric state of CCs is a dimer, which can be either parallel or antiparallel. The orientation of each α-helix in a CC domain is critical for the molecular function of CC-containing proteins, but cannot be determined easily by sequence-based prediction. We developed a biochemical method for assessing differences between parallel and antiparallel CC homodimers and named it ACCORD (Assessment tool for homodimeric Coiled-Coil ORientation Decision). To validate this technique, we applied it to 15 different CC proteins with known structures, and the ACCORD results identified these proteins well, especially with long CCs. Furthermore, ACCORD was able to accurately determine the orientation of a CC domain of unknown directionality that was subsequently confirmed by X-ray crystallography and small angle X-ray scattering. Thus, ACCORD can be used as a tool to determine CC directionality to supplement the results of in silico prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byeong-Won Kim
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Yang Ouk Jung
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Min Kyung Kim
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Do Hoon Kwon
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Si Hoon Park
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Jun Hoe Kim
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Yong-Boo Kuk
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Sun-Joo Oh
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Leehyeon Kim
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Bong Heon Kim
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Woo Seok Yang
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Hyun Kyu Song
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea
- Center for Molecular Dynamics and Spectroscopy, Institute of Basic Science, Seoul 02841, Korea
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Yang K, Koo HW, Park W, Kim JS, Choi CG, Park JC, Ahn JS, Kwon DH, Kwun BD, Lee DH. Fusion 3-Dimensional Angiography of Both Internal Carotid Arteries in the Evaluation of Anterior Communicating Artery Aneurysms. World Neurosurg 2017; 98:484-491. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2016.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Kim M, Cho YH, Kim JH, Kim CJ, Kwon DH. Analysis the causes of radiosurgical failure in intracranial meningiomas treated with radiosurgery. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2017; 154:51-58. [PMID: 28129632 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2017.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Revised: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Surgical resection is a primary indication for intracranial meningioma. Radiosurgery is also an excellent treatment modality for postoperative residual tumors, or tumors in high-risk locations, such as the skull base. Despite multimodality treatments, there are some cases in which radiosurgery fails and surgical resection or re-radiosurgery is required. However, there has not been a comprehensive study focusing on the causes of secondary treatment for local recurrence or a new mass that develops outside the target area after radiosurgery. Hence, we analyzed the causes of radiosurgical failure in patients with meningioma. METHODS From 2000 to 2015, we retrospectively reviewed 1086 patients who underwent gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS) for intracranial meningioma at the Asan Medical Center. Multiple meningiomas or tumors with a volume greater than 7000mm3 were excluded. All patients had a minimum follow-up of 12 months. Finally, 771 patients were enrolled in this study. Clinical symptoms and brain MRI findings were assessed by neurosurgeons. When the tumor size increased and was accompanied by newly developed neurological symptoms, further management was considered (e.g. microsurgical resection and stereotactic radiosurgery). Histological analyses of the resected tumors were performed by neuropathologists. RESULTS Among the 771 patients, tumor growth was observed in 60 patients (7.78%). Seven patients showed transient tumor growth after GKRS. These patients have been under close observation without any further treatment. Thirty patients (3.89%) underwent re-radiosurgery for tumor control. Another 23 patients underwent procedures other than re-radiosurgery; 8 underwent microsurgical resection, 3 underwent cyber knife radiosurgery (CKRS), 1 underwent radiation therapy, and 8 were closely followed-up. Three patients visited other clinics or were lost to follow-up. Of the remaining 30 patients, 22 (group 1) underwent microsurgical resection prior to their initial course of GKRS and the other 8 (group 2) were treated only with re-radiosurgery. In group 1, recurrence rates after radiosurgery were 2.47% (n=19) and 0.39% (n=3) for local and distant recurrence, respectively. In group 2, recurrence rates after radiosurgery were 0.52% (n=4) and 0.52% (n=4) for local and distant recurrence, respectively. An analysis was performed to determine the factors that may result in differences between the two groups. Of the many variables, local recurrence (p=0.0331, Fisher's exact test) was the only significant factor. CONCLUSION We analyzed the causes of radiosurgical failure in meningioma patients and observed that microsurgery before radiosurgery was significantly associated with a high local recurrence rate compared with primary radiosurgery. Furthermore, the percentage of local recurrence cases that required secondary radiosurgery was as low as 2.98%. This result is comparable with that of microsurgical resection, which is the mainstay of treatment for meningioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moinay Kim
- Graduate School of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hyun Cho
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hoon Kim
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Jin Kim
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Hoon Kwon
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.
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Chon H, Yoon K, Kwon DH, Kim CJ, Kim MS, Cho YH. Hypofractionated stereotactic radiosurgery for pituitary metastases. J Neurooncol 2017; 132:127-133. [PMID: 28070828 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-016-2346-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Pituitary metastases (PMs) are uncommon, representing only 1% of pituitary lesions. The diagnosis of PMs can be challenging and an optimal management remains to be determined. Here, we present a pilot clinical study on the efficacy and safety of hypofractionated stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) with an optimized dosimetric plan in treating PMs. Between June 2013 and December 2014, seven consecutive patients (4 men and 3 women; median age 62 years) had been diagnosed with PMs based on their characteristic clinical and radiological features and subsequently treated using hypofractionated SRS. Primary cancers originated from the lung (n = 5) or the breast (n = 2). All patients presented with diabetes insipidus (DI). Anterior pituitary and visual dysfunction were combined in 4 and 3 patients, respectively. On magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), PMs involved the pituitary stalk and/or the posterior lobe in all patients. SRS of a cumulative marginal dose 31 Gy with dose-volume constraints for the optic apparatus was delivered in 5 daily fractions. As results, tumor was locally controlled in all patients with substantial responses on MRI (including complete remission in 4 patients). The median survival time was 14 months (range, 6-24 months) after SRS. DI and visual dysfunction improved in all patients, although anterior pituitary dysfunction did not recover. No patients experienced any deterioration in visual, pituitary, or other cranial nerve functions. These results suggest a promising role of hypofractionated SRS in treating PMs in terms of both tumor control and functional outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haemin Chon
- Department of Neurosurgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - KyoungJun Yoon
- Radiosurgery Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Hoon Kwon
- Department of Neurosurgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.,Radiosurgery Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Jin Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.,Radiosurgery Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Seon Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hyun Cho
- Department of Neurosurgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea. .,Radiosurgery Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.
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Kim M, Lee DH, Kim Rn HJ, Cho YH, Kim JH, Kwon DH. Analysis of the results of recurrent intracranial meningiomas treated with re-radiosurgery. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2016; 153:93-101. [PMID: 28081463 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2016.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTS Meningioma is the most common intracranial neoplasm, comprising approximately 30% of all primary intracranial tumors (Claus et al., 2005) [1]. Treatment options include observation, microsurgical resection, stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), and whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT). Gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS) is a very effective treatment for intracranial meningiomas; previous studies showed the tumor control rate at 5-10 years of follow-up as 84.3%-100% in all cases (Feigl et al., 2005; Linskey et al., 2005; Malik et al., 2005; Aichholzer et al., 2000; Hakim et al., 1998; Chang and Adler 1997; Lunsford, 1994; Ganz et al., 1993) [2-9]. Many studies have discussed issues like optimal dose, conformal configurations, and adverse effects to improve the treatment result with GKRS (Malik et al., 2005; Kenai et al., 2005; Rowe et al., 2004; Shrieve et al., 2004) [4,10-12]. There are some cases in which the radiosurgery result is unfavorable and perhaps further treatment is needed. In these cases, re-radiosurgery can be an option. However, there have not been comprehensive studies discussing the issues of re-radiosurgery. Therefore, we analyzed the result of re-radiosurgery for recurrent meningiomas and their impact on clinical outcomes. METHODS From 1995 to 2015, we retrospectively reviewed 1163 patients who underwent GKRS for intracranial meningioma at the Asan Medical Center. Patients with multiple meningiomas or a follow-up with a period of less than a year were excluded from this study. Finally, 865 patients were enrolled in this study. Clinical symptoms and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were assessed by neurosurgeons. When tumor size increased together with newly developed neurologic symptoms, further management, such as microsurgical resection or SRS, was considered. Histologic analysis of the resected tumors was performed by neuropathologists. Clinical data, including patient's sex, age, and tumor locations were recorded. Treatment data included tumor volume, tumor grade, radiation dose, and presence of edema. Final outcome data including follow-up period, time to progression, interval between first and second radiosurgery courses and interval between microsurgery and radiosurgery were obtained. RESULTS Among 865 patients, tumor recurrence was found in 63 patients (7.28%). Seven patients showed transient tumor growth after GKRS. These patients have been under close observation without any further treatments. Fifty-six patients (6.47%) showed permanent tumor growth on follow-up MRI. Thirty-three patients from this group underwent repeated radiosurgery owing to tumor growth, resulting in a re-irradiation rate of 3.82% at our radiosurgery center. The other 23 patients were treated using methods other than re-radiosurgery. Among the 33 patients, 25 underwent microsurgical resection prior to their initial course of GKRS, and the other 8 were treated with re-radiosurgery only. An analysis was performed to determine factors that may have a role in treatment results. Of the many variables, tumor grade (p=0.004, Fisher's exact test) was the only significant factor for progression-free survival (PFS). Thirteen patients with unbiopsied or benign meningioma showed stable tumor size, while there was tumor growth in 8 patients. Among high-grade meningioma patients, 3 and 9 showed stable disease and tumor growth, respectively. As a result of re-radiosurgery, 11 out of 17 patients showed tumor growth and needed further treatments; this involved a third GKRS for 4 patients, microsurgical resection for 6 patients, and cyber knife radiosurgery (CKRS) for 1 patient. Four patients from this group were also treated with WBRT. CONCLUSION We analyzed the results of re-radiosurgery for recurrent meningiomas and observed that World Health Organization (WHO) grade II and III was significantly associated with a lower PFS rate compared with low-grade meningiomas (p=0.004). Conversely, patients with benign meningioma or unbiopsied tumors had much better results. Hence, re-radiosurgery is recommended for patients with unknown or benign meningiomas if their first GKRS result is unsatisfactory. However, re-radiosurgery should be considered carefully for recurrent high-grade tumors. Owing to the small number of recurrent meningioma patients treated with re-radiosurgery, further studies are required to delineate the role of this treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moinay Kim
- Graduate School of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Hee Lee
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Kim Rn
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hyun Cho
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hoon Kim
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Hoon Kwon
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea.
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Abstract
Autophagy is a process tightly regulated by various autophagy-related proteins. It is generally classified into non-selective and selective autophagy. Whereas non-selective autophagy is triggered when the cell is under starvation, selective autophagy is involved in eliminating dysfunctional organelles, misfolded and/or ubiquitylated proteins, and intracellular pathogens. These components are recognized by autophagy receptors and delivered to phagophores. Several selective autophagy receptors have been identified and characterized. They usually have some common domains, such as LC3-interacting- region (LIR) motif, a specific cargo interacting (ubiquitin-dependent or ubiquitin-independent) domain. Recently, structural data of these autophagy receptors has been described, which provides an insight of their function in the selective autophagic process. In this review, we summarize the most up-to-date findings about the structure-function of autophagy receptors that regulates selective autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byeong-Won Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Do Hoon Kwon
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Hyun Kyu Song
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
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Kwon DH, Kim S, Jung YO, Roh KH, Kim L, Kim BW, Hong SB, Lee IY, Song JH, Lee WC, Choi EJ, Hwang KY, Song HK. The 1:2 complex between RavZ and LC3 reveals a mechanism for deconjugation of LC3 on the phagophore membrane. Autophagy 2016; 13:70-81. [PMID: 27791457 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2016.1243199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Hosts utilize macroautophagy/autophagy to clear invading bacteria; however, bacteria have also developed a specific mechanism to survive by manipulating the host cell autophagy mechanism. One pathogen, Legionella pneumophila, can hinder host cell autophagy by using the specific effector protein RavZ that cleaves phosphatidylethanolamine-conjugated LC3 on the phagophore membrane. However, the detailed molecular mechanisms associated with the function of RavZ have hitherto remained unclear. Here, we report on the biochemical characteristics of the RavZ-LC3 interaction, the solution structure of the 1:2 complex between RavZ and LC3, and crystal structures of RavZ showing different conformations of the active site loop without LC3. Based on our biochemical, structural, and cell-based analyses of RavZ and LC3, both distant flexible N- and C-terminal regions containing LC3-interacting region (LIR) motifs are important for substrate recognition. These results suggest a novel mechanism of RavZ action on the phagophore membrane and lay the groundwork for understanding how bacterial pathogens can survive autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do Hoon Kwon
- a Department of Life Sciences , Korea University , Seongbuk-gu, Seoul , Korea
| | - Sulhee Kim
- b Division of Biotechnology, Korea University , Seongbuk-gu, Seoul , Korea
| | - Yang Ouk Jung
- a Department of Life Sciences , Korea University , Seongbuk-gu, Seoul , Korea
| | - Kyung-Hye Roh
- a Department of Life Sciences , Korea University , Seongbuk-gu, Seoul , Korea
| | - Leehyeon Kim
- a Department of Life Sciences , Korea University , Seongbuk-gu, Seoul , Korea
| | - Byeong-Won Kim
- a Department of Life Sciences , Korea University , Seongbuk-gu, Seoul , Korea
| | - Seung Beom Hong
- a Department of Life Sciences , Korea University , Seongbuk-gu, Seoul , Korea
| | - In Young Lee
- a Department of Life Sciences , Korea University , Seongbuk-gu, Seoul , Korea
| | - Ju Han Song
- a Department of Life Sciences , Korea University , Seongbuk-gu, Seoul , Korea
| | - Woo Cheol Lee
- b Division of Biotechnology, Korea University , Seongbuk-gu, Seoul , Korea
| | - Eui-Ju Choi
- a Department of Life Sciences , Korea University , Seongbuk-gu, Seoul , Korea
| | - Kwang Yeon Hwang
- b Division of Biotechnology, Korea University , Seongbuk-gu, Seoul , Korea
| | - Hyun Kyu Song
- a Department of Life Sciences , Korea University , Seongbuk-gu, Seoul , Korea
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Han AR, Kang HR, Son J, Kwon DH, Kim S, Lee WC, Song HK, Song MJ, Hwang KY. The structure of the pleiotropic transcription regulator CodY provides insight into its GTP-sensing mechanism. Nucleic Acids Res 2016; 44:9483-9493. [PMID: 27596595 PMCID: PMC5100569 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
GTP and branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) are metabolic sensors that are indispensable for the determination of the metabolic status of cells. However, their molecular sensing mechanism remains unclear. CodY is a unique global transcription regulator that recognizes GTP and BCAAs as specific signals and affects expression of more than 100 genes associated with metabolism. Herein, we report the first crystal structures of the full-length CodY complex with sensing molecules and describe their functional states. We observed two different oligomeric states of CodY: a dimeric complex of CodY from Staphylococcus aureus with the two metabolites GTP and isoleucine, and a tetrameric form (apo) of CodY from Bacillus cereus. Notably, the tetrameric state shows in an auto-inhibitory manner by blocking the GTP-binding site, whereas the binding sites of GTP and isoleucine are clearly visible in the dimeric state. The GTP is located at a hinge site between the long helical region and the metabolite-binding site. Together, data from structural and electrophoretic mobility shift assay analyses improve understanding of how CodY senses GTP and operates as a DNA-binding protein and a pleiotropic transcription regulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ah-Reum Han
- Department of Biosystems & Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-dong, Seoungbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713, South Korea
| | - Hye-Ri Kang
- Department of Biosystems & Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-dong, Seoungbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713, South Korea
| | - Jonghyeon Son
- Department of Biosystems & Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-dong, Seoungbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713, South Korea
| | - Do Hoon Kwon
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-dong, Seoungbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713, South Korea
| | - Sulhee Kim
- Department of Biosystems & Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-dong, Seoungbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713, South Korea
| | - Woo Cheol Lee
- Department of Biosystems & Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-dong, Seoungbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713, South Korea
| | - Hyun Kyu Song
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-dong, Seoungbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713, South Korea
| | - Moon Jung Song
- Department of Biosystems & Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-dong, Seoungbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713, South Korea
| | - Kwang Yeon Hwang
- Department of Biosystems & Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-dong, Seoungbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713, South Korea
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Shin HK, Kim JH, Lee DH, Cho YH, Kwon DH, Roh SW. Clinical Outcomes of Gamma Knife Radiosurgery for Metastatic Brain Tumors from Gynecologic Cancer : Prognostic Factors in Local Treatment Failure and Survival. J Korean Neurosurg Soc 2016; 59:392-9. [PMID: 27446522 PMCID: PMC4954889 DOI: 10.3340/jkns.2016.59.4.392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 02/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Brain metastases in gynecologic cancer (ovarian, endometrial, and cervical cancer) patients are rare, and the efficacy of Gamma Knife Radiosurgery (GKRS) to treat these had not been evaluated. We assessed the efficacy of GKRS and prognostic factors for tumor control and survival in brain metastasis from gynecologic cancers. Methods This retrospective study was approved by the institutional review board. From May 1995 to October 2012, 26 women (mean age 51.3 years, range 27–70 years) with metastatic brain tumors from gynecologic cancer were treated with GKRS. We reviewed their outcomes, radiological responses, and clinical status. Results In total 24 patients (59 lesions) were available for follow-up imaging. The median follow-up time was 9 months. The mean treated tumor volume at the time of GKRS was 8185 mm3 (range 10–19500 mm3), and the median dose delivered to the tumor margin was 25 Gy (range, 10–30 Gy). A local tumor control rate was 89.8% (53 of 59 tumors). The median overall survival was 9.5 months after GKRS (range, 1–102 months). Age-associated multivariate analysis indicated that the Karnofsky performance status (KPS), the recursive partitioning analysis (RPA) classification, and the number of treated lesions were significant prognostic factors for overall survival (HR=0.162, p=0.008, HR=0.107, p=0.038, and HR=2.897, p=0.045, respectively). Conclusion GKRS is safe and effective for the management of brain metastasis from gynecologic cancers. The clinical status of the patient is important in determining the overall survival time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Kyung Shin
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong Hoon Kim
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Do Heui Lee
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Hyun Cho
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Do Hoon Kwon
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Woo Roh
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Lee S, Kwon DH, Kim CJ, Kim JH. Long-term outcomes following Gamma Knife radiosurgery for small, newly diagnosed meningiomas. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2016; 142:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2016.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Revised: 11/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Yang K, Ahn JS, Park JC, Kwon DH, Kwun BD. Clinical and Angiographical Delayed Cerebral Vasospasms After Uncomplicated Surgical Clipping of Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms: Illustrated Review and Two Case Reports. Turk Neurosurg 2016; 25:662-5. [PMID: 26242348 DOI: 10.5137/1019-5149.jtn.9912-13.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
From January 2007 to April 2012, we performed 2427 surgical clippings for unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs). Among these patients, two cases showed symptomatic and angiographic cerebral vasospasm in the delayed post-operative period without a complicated event. Additionally, we reviewed four cases of delayed cerebral vasospasms following uncomplicated operations that were consistent with our inclusion criteria in the previous literature. The pathogenesis and characteristics of these rare occurrences are reviewed from our two cases and previous literature. For clipping of UIAs, it should be kept mind that neurological symptoms are caused by delayed cerebral vasospasm, and careful observation with proper conservative treatment are necessary to ensure favorable outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuhyun Yang
- Asan Medical Center, Neurological Surgery, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Park SC, Kwon DH, Lee DH, Lee JK. Repeat Gamma-Knife Radiosurgery for Refractory or Recurrent Trigeminal Neuralgia with Consideration About the Optimal Second Dose. World Neurosurg 2016; 86:371-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2015.08.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2015] [Revised: 08/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Park JH, Kim JH, Kwon DH, Kim CJ, Khang SK, Cho YH. Upfront Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Pineal Parenchymal Tumors in Adults. J Korean Neurosurg Soc 2015; 58:334-40. [PMID: 26587186 PMCID: PMC4651993 DOI: 10.3340/jkns.2015.58.4.334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Revised: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pineal parenchymal tumors (PPTs) in adults are rare, and knowledge regarding their optimal management and treatment outcome is limited. Herein, we present the clinical results of our series of PPTs other than pineoblastomas managed by stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) at upfront setting. METHODS Between 1997 and 2014, nine consecutive adult patients with the diagnosis of PPTs, either pineocytoma or pineal parenchymal tumor of intermediate differentiation, were treated with SRS. There were 6 men and 3 women. The median age was 39 years (range, 31-53 years). All of the patients presented with symptoms of hydrocephalus. Endoscopic third ventriculostomy and biopsy was done for initial management. After histologic diagnosis, patients were treated with Gamma Knife with the mean dose of 13.3 Gy (n=3) or fractionated Cyberknife with 32 Gy (n=6). RESULTS After a mean follow-up of 78.6 months (range, 14-223 months), all patients were alive and all of their tumors were locally controlled except for one instance of cerebrospinal fluid seeding metastasis. On magnetic resonance images, tumor size decreased in all patients, resulting in complete response in 3 patients and partial response in 6. One patient had experienced temporary memory impairment after SRS, which improved spontaneously. CONCLUSION SRS is effective and safe for PPTs in adults and can be considered as a useful alternative to surgical resection at upfront setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Hoon Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong Hoon Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Do Hoon Kwon
- Department of Neurosurgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Jin Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Shin Kwang Khang
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Hyun Cho
- Department of Neurosurgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Hoe Y, Choi YJ, Kim JH, Kwon DH, Kim CJ, Cho YH. Peritumoral Brain Edema after Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Asymptomatic Intracranial Meningiomas: Risks and Pattern of Evolution. J Korean Neurosurg Soc 2015; 58:379-84. [PMID: 26587194 PMCID: PMC4652001 DOI: 10.3340/jkns.2015.58.4.379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the risks and pattern of evolution of peritumoral brain edema (PTE) after stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for asymptomatic intracranial meningiomas. Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 320 patients (median age 56 years, range 24-87 years) who underwent primary Gamma Knife radiosurgery for asymptomatic meningiomas between 1998 and 2012. The median tumor volume was 2.7 cc (range 0.2-10.5 cc) and the median follow-up was 48 months (range 24-168 months). Volumetric data sets for tumors and PTE on serial MRIs were analyzed. The edema index (EI) was defined as the ratio of the volume of PTE including tumor to the tumor volume, and the relative edema indices (rEIs) were calculated from serial EIs normalized against the baseline EI. Risk factors for PTE were analyzed using logistic regression. Results Newly developed or increased PTE was noted in 49 patients (15.3%), among whom it was symptomatic in 28 patients (8.8%). Tumor volume larger than 4.2 cc (p<0.001), hemispheric tumor location (p=0.005), and pre-treatment PTE (p<0.001) were associated with an increased risk of PTE. rEI reached its maximum value at 11 months after SRS and decreased thereafter, and symptoms resolved within 24 months in most patients (85.7%). Conclusion Caution should be exercised in decision-making on SRS for asymptomatic meningiomas of large volume (>4.2 cc), of hemispheric location, or with pre-treatment PTE. PTE usually develops within months, reaches its maximum degree until a year, and resolves within 2 years after SRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon Hoe
- Department of Neurosurgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Jae Choi
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong Hoon Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Do Hoon Kwon
- Department of Neurosurgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Jin Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Hyun Cho
- Department of Neurosurgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Kim HJ, Kim WS, Kwon DH, Cho YH, Choi CM. Effects of an Epithelial Growth Factor Receptor-Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Add-on in Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Brain Metastases Originating from Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. J Korean Neurosurg Soc 2015; 58:205-10. [PMID: 26539262 PMCID: PMC4630350 DOI: 10.3340/jkns.2015.58.3.205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Revised: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was aimed at optimizing the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients who are candidates for stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for brain metastases and harbor activating epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the medical records from 2005 to 2010 of NSCLC patients with brain metastases harboring an activating EGFR mutation. Patients who received a combination therapy of SRS and EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) for brain metastases and those who received SRS without EGFR-TKI were compared. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS) of the brain metastases. RESULTS Thirty-one patients were eligible for enrolment in this study (SRS with TKI, 18; SRS without TKI, 13). Twenty-two patients (71.0%) were women and the median overall age was 56.0 years. PFS of brain lesions was not significantly prolonged in SRS with TKI treatment group than in SRS without TKI group (17.0 months vs. 9.0 months, p=0.45). Local tumor control rate was 83.3% in the combination therapy group, and 61.5% in the SRS monotherapy group (p=0.23). There were no severe adverse events related with treatment in both groups. CONCLUSIONS Therapeutic outcome of concurrent SRS and TKI treatment was not superior to SRS monotherapy, however, there was no additive adverse events related with combined treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jung Kim
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woo Sung Kim
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Do Hoon Kwon
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Hyun Cho
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang-Min Choi
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Park JC, Ahn JS, Kwon DH, Kwun BD. Growing Organized Hematomas Following Gamma Knife Radiosurgery for Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformation : Five Cases of Surgical Excision. J Korean Neurosurg Soc 2015; 58:83-8. [PMID: 26279820 PMCID: PMC4534746 DOI: 10.3340/jkns.2015.58.1.83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2014] [Revised: 06/27/2014] [Accepted: 06/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Organized hematoma is a rare complication that can develop following gamma knife radiosurgery (GKS) for cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM). Here, we describe 5 patients with growing organized hematomas that developed from completely obliterated AVMs several years after GKS. The patients were 15, 16, 30, 36, and 38 years old at the time of GKS, respectively, and 3 patients were female. Four AVMs were located in the lobe of the brain, and the remaining AVM were in the thalamus. Between 2-12 years after GKS, patients developed progressive symptoms such intractable headache or hemiparesis and enhancing mass lesions were identified. Follow-up visits revealed the slow expansion of the hematomas and surrounding edema. Steroids were ineffective, and thus surgery was performed. Histology revealed organized hematomas with a capsule, but there was no evidence of residual AVMs or vascular malformation. After surgery, the neurological symptoms of all patients improved and the surrounding edema resolved. However, the hematoma continued to expand and intraventricular hemorrhage developed in 1 patient whose hematoma was only partially removed. GKS for cerebral AVM can be complicated by growing, organized hematomas that develop after complete obliteration. Growing hematomas should be surgically evacuated if they are symptomatic. Radical resection of the hematoma capsule is also strongly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Cheol Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Sung Ahn
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Do Hoon Kwon
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung Duk Kwun
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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Kim M, Cheok S, Chung LK, Ung N, Thill K, Voth B, Kwon DH, Kim JH, Kim CJ, Tenn S, Lee P, Yang I. Characteristics and treatments of large cystic brain metastasis: radiosurgery and stereotactic aspiration. Brain Tumor Res Treat 2015; 3:1-7. [PMID: 25977901 PMCID: PMC4426272 DOI: 10.14791/btrt.2015.3.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Revised: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain metastasis represents one of the most common causes of intracranial tumors in adults, and the incidence of brain metastasis continues to rise due to the increasing survival of cancer patients. Yet, the development of cystic brain metastasis remains a relatively rare occurrence. In this review, we describe the characteristics of cystic brain metastasis and evaluate the combined use of stereotactic aspiration and radiosurgery in treating large cystic brain metastasis. The results of several studies show that stereotactic radiosurgery produces comparable local tumor control and survival rates as other surgery protocols. When the size of the tumor interferes with radiosurgery, stereotactic aspiration of the metastasis should be considered to reduce the target volume as well as decreasing the chance of radiation induced necrosis and providing symptomatic relief from mass effect. The combined use of stereotactic aspiration and radiosurgery has strong implications in improving patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moinay Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Stephanie Cheok
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lawrance K Chung
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nolan Ung
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kimberly Thill
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Brittany Voth
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Do Hoon Kwon
- Department of Neurosurgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong Hoon Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Jin Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Stephen Tenn
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA. ; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Percy Lee
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA. ; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Isaac Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA. ; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Yang K, Ahn JS, Park JC, Kwon DH, Kwun BD, Kim CJ. The Efficacy of Bypass Surgery Using a Short Interposition Graft for the Treatment of Intracranial Complex Aneurysm. World Neurosurg 2015; 83:197-202. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2014.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2013] [Revised: 10/14/2013] [Accepted: 06/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Park ES, Kwon DH, Park JB, Lee DH, Cho YH, Kim JH, Kim CJ. Gamma Knife surgery for treating brain metastases arising from hepatocellular carcinomas. J Neurosurg 2015; 121 Suppl:102-9. [PMID: 25434943 DOI: 10.3171/2014.7.gks141507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECT Brain metastases from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are rare, and the evidence of the effectiveness of Gamma Knife surgery (GKS) in this disease is lacking. The authors report their institutional experience with GKS in patients with brain metastases from HCCs. METHODS The authors retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 73 consecutive patients who had a combined total of 141 brain metastases arising from HCCs and were treated with GKS. Sixty-four (87.7%) patients were male, and the mean age of the patients was 52.5 years (range 30-79 years). The mean tumor volume was 7.35 cm(3) (range 0.19-33.7 cm(3)). The median margin dose prescribed was 23 Gy (range 15-32 Gy). Univariate and multivariate survival analyses were performed to identify possible prognostic factors of outcomes. RESULTS The estimated rate of local tumor control was 79.6% at 3 months after GKS. The median overall survival time after GKS was 16 weeks. The actuarial survival rates were 76.7%, 58.9%, and 26.0% at 4, 12, and 24 weeks after GKS, respectively. In the univariate analysis, an age of ≤ 65 years, Child-Pugh Class A (pertaining to liver function), high Karnofsky Performance Scale score (≥ 70), and low Radiation Therapy Oncology Group recursive partitioning analysis class (I or II) were positively associated with the survival times of patients. No statistically significant variable was identified in the multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS Although survival was extremely poor in patients with brain metastases from HCCs, GKS showed acceptable local tumor control at 3 months after the treatment. The authors suggest that GKS represents a noninvasive approach that may provide a valuable option for treating patients with brain metastases from HCCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Suk Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan; and
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