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Sun C, Kang YF, Fang XY, Liu YN, Bu GL, Wang AJ, Li Y, Zhu QY, Zhang H, Xie C, Kong XW, Peng YJ, Lin WJ, Zhou L, Chen XC, Lu ZZ, Xu HQ, Hong DC, Zhang X, Zhong L, Feng GK, Zeng YX, Xu M, Zhong Q, Liu Z, Zeng MS. A gB nanoparticle vaccine elicits a protective neutralizing antibody response against EBV. Cell Host Microbe 2023; 31:1882-1897.e10. [PMID: 37848029 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2023.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a global public health concern, as it is known to cause multiple diseases while also being etiologically associated with a wide range of epithelial and lymphoid malignancies. Currently, there is no available prophylactic vaccine against EBV. gB is the EBV fusion protein that mediates viral membrane fusion and participates in host recognition, making it critical for EBV infection in both B cells and epithelial cells. Here, we present a gB nanoparticle, gB-I53-50 NP, that displays multiple copies of gB. Compared with the gB trimer, gB-I53-50 NP shows improved structural integrity and stability, as well as enhanced immunogenicity in mice and non-human primate (NHP) preclinical models. Immunization and passive transfer demonstrate a robust and durable protective antibody response that protects humanized mice against lethal EBV challenge. This vaccine candidate demonstrates significant potential in preventing EBV infection, providing a possible platform for developing prophylactic vaccines for EBV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China
| | - Yin-Feng Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China
| | - Xin-Yan Fang
- Cryo-Electron Microscopy Center, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Yi-Na Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China
| | - Guo-Long Bu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China
| | - Ao-Jie Wang
- Cryo-Electron Microscopy Center, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China
| | - Qian-Ying Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Centre for Infection and Immunity Studies (CIIS), School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Chu Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China
| | - Xiang-Wei Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China
| | - Yong-Jian Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China
| | - Wen-Jie Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China
| | - Ling Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China
| | - Xin-Chun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China
| | - Zheng-Zhou Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China
| | - Hui-Qin Xu
- Cryo-Electron Microscopy Center, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Dong-Chun Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China
| | - Ling Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China
| | - Guo-Kai Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China
| | - Yi-Xin Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China
| | - Miao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China
| | - Qian Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China.
| | - Zheng Liu
- Cryo-Electron Microscopy Center, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.
| | - Mu-Sheng Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, China.
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Hong DC, Yang J, Sun C, Liu YT, Shen LJ, Xu BS, Que Y, Xia X, Zhang X. Genomic profiling of radiation-induced sarcomas reveals the immunological characteristics and its response to immune checkpoint blockade. Clin Cancer Res 2023:726390. [PMID: 37184976 PMCID: PMC10390862 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-22-3567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Radiation-induced sarcomas (RISs) have poor prognosis and lack effective treatments. Its genome and tumor microenvironment are not well characterized and need further exploration. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Here, we perform whole exome (WES) and mRNA sequencing (mRNA-seq) on patient with RISs and primary sarcomas (WES samples 46 vs 48, mRNA-seq samples 16 vs 8, mainly in head and neck), investigate the anti-tumor effect of PD-1 blockade in RIS-PDX models, and analyze clinical data of RIS patients treated with chemotherapy alone or combined with an anti-PD-1 antibody. RESULTS Compared to primary sarcomas, RISs manifested different pattern of copy number variations, significantly higher number of predicted strong MHC-binding neoantigens, and significantly increased immune cell infiltration. Clinical data showed that the combinatorial use of chemotherapy and PD-1 blockade achieved a higher overall response rate (ORR) (36.67% vs 8.00%, p = 0.003), longer overall survival (31.9 months vs 14.8 months, p = 0.014) and longer progression free survival (4.7 months vs 9.5 months, p = 0.032) in RIS patients compared to single chemotherapy. CONCLUSION Elevated genomic instability and higher immune cell infiltrations was found in RISs than primary sarcomas. Moreover, higher efficacy of chemotherapy plus PD-1 blockade was observed in animal experiment and clinical practice. These evidence indicated the promising application of immune checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of RISs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jing Yang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Cong Sun
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuan-Tao Liu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lu-Jun Shen
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bu-Shu Xu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi Que
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojun Xia
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Que Y, Zhang XL, Liu ZX, Zhao JJ, Pan QZ, Wen XZ, Xiao W, Xu BS, Hong DC, Guo TH, Shen LJ, Fan WJ, Chen HY, Weng DS, Xu HR, Zhou PH, Zhang YZ, Niu XH, Zhang X. Frequent amplification of HDAC genes and efficacy of HDAC inhibitor chidamide and PD-1 blockade combination in soft tissue sarcoma. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:jitc-2020-001696. [PMID: 33637599 PMCID: PMC7919591 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-001696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The advent of immune checkpoint therapy has been a tremendous advance in cancer treatment. However, the responses are still insufficient in patients with soft tissue sarcoma (STS). We aimed to identify rational combinations to increase the response to immune checkpoint therapy and improve survival. Methods Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed in 11 patients with liposarcoma. Somatic copy number alterations (SCNAs) were analyzed at the gene level to identify obvious amplification patterns in drug-target genes. The expression and prognostic value of class I histone deacetylases (HDACs) was evaluated in 49 patients with sarcoma in our center and confirmed in 263 sarcoma samples from The Tumor Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Q-PCR, flow cytometry and RNA-seq were performed to determine the correlations between class I HDACs, chidamide and PD-L1 in vitro and in vivo. The efficacy of combining chidamide with PD-1 blockade was explored in an immunocompetent murine model and a small cohort of patients with advanced sarcoma. Western blot, ChIP assay and dual luciferase assessment were applied in the mechanistic study. Results The HDAC gene family was frequently amplified in STS. SCNAs in the HDAC gene family were extensively amplified in 8 of 11 (73%) patients with liposarcoma, based on a drug-target gene set, and we verified amplification in 76.65% (197/257) of cases by analyzing TCGA sarcoma cohort. Class I HDAC expression is associated with a poor prognosis for patients with STS, and its inhibition is responsible for promoting apoptosis and upregulating of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1). The HDAC class I inhibitor chidamide significantly increases PD-L1 expression, increased the infiltration of CD8+ T cells and reduced the number of MDSCs in the tumor microenvironment. The combination of chidamide with an anti-PD-1 antibody significantly promotes tumor regression and improves survival in a murine model. Moreover, chidamide combined with the anti-PD-1 antibody toripalimab is effective in patients with advanced and metastatic sarcoma, and the side effects are tolerable. Mechanistically, chidamide increases histone acetylation at the PD-L1 gene through the activation of the transcriptional factor STAT1. Conclusions The combination of chidamide and anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) therapy represents a potentially important strategy for STS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Que
- Department of Medical Melanoma and Sarcoma, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pediatric Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Long Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ze-Xian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing-Jing Zhao
- Department of Medical Melanoma and Sarcoma, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiu-Zhong Pan
- Department of Medical Melanoma and Sarcoma, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xi-Zhi Wen
- Department of Medical Melanoma and Sarcoma, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Xiao
- Department of Hematological Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bu-Shu Xu
- Department of Medical Melanoma and Sarcoma, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong-Chun Hong
- Department of Medical Melanoma and Sarcoma, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tian-Hui Guo
- Department of Medical Melanoma and Sarcoma, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lu-Jun Shen
- Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Jun Fan
- Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huo-Ying Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - De-Sheng Weng
- Department of Medical Melanoma and Sarcoma, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hai-Rong Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology Surgery, Beijing Ji Shui Tan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Peng-Hui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Zhuo Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Niu
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology Surgery, Beijing Ji Shui Tan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- Department of Medical Melanoma and Sarcoma, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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Liang Y, Guo TH, Xu BS, Hong DC, Qiu HB, Zhou ZW, Zhang X. The Impact of Unplanned Excision on the Outcomes of Patients With Soft Tissue Sarcoma of the Trunk and Extremity: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis. Front Oncol 2021; 10:617590. [PMID: 33552992 PMCID: PMC7862753 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.617590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Unplanned excision (UPE) of soft tissue sarcoma (STS) is often chosen in the early phase by general physicians without any radiological evaluation. Purpose The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of UPE on the clinical outcomes of patients with STS of the trunk and extremity. Materials and Methods Patients with STS of the trunk and extremity who underwent R0 resection between 1998 and 2016 were included and divided into the UPE and planned excision (PE) groups. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to control the selection bias. The endpoints were disease-specific survival (DSS), local recurrence-free survival (LRFS), and metastasis-free survival (MFS). Results In total, 458 patients (277 males, 181 females; median age: 43 years) were included: 329 (71.8%) in the PE group and 129 (28.2%) in the UPE group. The follow-up time ranged from 7.1 to 313.78 months, with a median of 112.18 months. UPE patients were more likely to have a smaller or superficial lesion and were more frequently administered adjuvant therapy. After PSM, compared with the PE group, the UPE group had a longer LRFS (P=0.015), but there was no difference between the two groups regarding DSS and MFS. Residual disease was observed in 77.5% of the re-resected specimens in the UPE group and was a risk factor for DSS (P = 0.046) and MFS (P = 0.029) but was not associated with local recurrence (LR) (P=0.475) or LRFS (P=0.334). Moreover, we found no difference in DSS, LRFS or MFS according to the interval from UPE to definitive resection. Conclusion STS treated with UPE had distinct characteristics. Patients who undergo UPE followed by an additional wide R0 resection have similar oncological survival compared to patients who undergo an initial PE, although the high incidence of residual tumor in the UPE group leads to an unfavorable clinical course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Gastric Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tian-Hui Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Melanoma and Sarcoma Medical Oncology Unit, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bu-Shu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Melanoma and Sarcoma Medical Oncology Unit, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong-Chun Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Melanoma and Sarcoma Medical Oncology Unit, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hai-Bo Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Gastric Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Wei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Gastric Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Melanoma and Sarcoma Medical Oncology Unit, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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Saffari B, Bernstein L, Hong DC, Sullivan-Halley J, Runnebaum IB, Grill HJ, Jones LA, El-Naggar A, Press MF. Association of p53 mutations and a codon 72 single nucleotide polymorphism with lower overall survival and responsiveness to adjuvant radiotherapy in endometrioid endometrial carcinomas. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2005; 15:952-63. [PMID: 16174251 DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-1438.2005.00159.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
p53 Genetic alterations are associated with advanced stage and aggressive tumors in a variety of human malignancies. The aim of this study was to examine p53 for genetic alterations and to evaluate the association of these alterations with clinical outcome and response to adjuvant radiotherapy in endometrioid endometrial carcinomas. p53 mutations in exons 2-11 were assessed in 59 endometrioid carcinomas by polymerase chain reaction-single-strand conformational polymorphism and sequence analysis. Twelve mutations (20.3%) and nine polymorphisms were identified. Seven of the nine polymorphisms were codon 72 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) with an Arg/Pro allelotype. Women harboring either a mutation or an Arg/Pro allelotype at codon 72 had a lower overall survival rate than women whose tumors lacked alterations in the p53 gene (P= 0.0029). Women were stratified based on p53 genetic alterations (p53 mutation or p53 codon 72 SNP) and whether or not they received adjuvant radiation therapy. Women with p53 genetic alterations who did not receive adjuvant radiotherapy had the lowest survival rate (P= 0.0005). Treated women with p53 genetic alterations and untreated women with no p53 alteration had similar rates of survival. Among women with p53 alterations, adjuvant radiotherapy substantially increased survival (P= 0.035). In multivariate analyses, the group of women with p53 genetic alterations who did not receive adjuvant radiation therapy had a 5.9-fold increased risk of death (95% confidence interval: 1.5-22.7) compared to women whose tumors lacked p53 alterations and did not receive adjuvant radiation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Saffari
- Department of Pathology, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA
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Both JA, Hong DC. Density-functional theory of hard-sphere condensation under gravity. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2001; 64:061105. [PMID: 11736169 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.64.061105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The onset of condensation of hard spheres in a gravitational field is studied using density-functional theory (DFT). We find that the local density approximation yields results identical to those obtained previously using the kinetic theory [Physica A 271, 192, (1999)], and a weighted density-functional theory gives qualitatively similar results, namely, that the temperature at which condensation begins at the bottom scales linearly with the weight, diameter, and number of layers of particles. We find also that the different DFT approaches give quantitatively different results for the density profiles at low temperatures. In particular, the weighted density-functional approach reveals the layering of hard spheres in the solid regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Both
- Department of Physics, Lewis Laboratory, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, USA
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Hong DC. Condensation of hard rods under gravity: exact results in one dimension. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2001; 63:051506. [PMID: 11414908 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.63.051506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We present exact results for the density profile of a one dimensional array of N hard rods of diameter D and mass m under gravity g. For a strictly one dimensional system, the liquid-solid transition occurs at zero temperature, because the close-packed density straight phi(c) is 1. However, if we relax this condition slightly such that straight phi(c)=1-delta, we find a series of critical temperatures Tc(i)=mgD(N+1-i)/mu0 with mu0=1/delta-1, at which the ith particle undergoes the liquid-solid transition. The functional form of the onset temperature, Tc(1)=mgDN/mu0, is consistent with the previous result [Physica A 271, 192 (1999)] obtained by the Enskog equation. We also show that the increase in the center of mass is linear in T before the transition, but it becomes quadratic in T after the transition because of the formation of solid near the bottom.
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Affiliation(s)
- D C Hong
- Department of Physics, Lewis Laboratory, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, USA
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Hong DC, Quinn PV, Luding S. Reverse Brazil nut problem: competition between percolation and condensation. Phys Rev Lett 2001; 86:3423-3426. [PMID: 11327986 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.86.3423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
In the Brazil nut problem (BNP), hard spheres with larger diameters rise to the top. There are various explanations (percolation, reorganization, convection), but a broad understanding or control of this effect is by no means achieved. A theory is presented for the crossover from BNP to the reverse Brazil nut problem based on a competition between the percolation effect and the condensation of hard spheres. The crossover condition is determined, and theoretical predictions are compared to molecular dynamics simulations in two and three dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- D C Hong
- Physics, Lewis Laboratory, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA
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Quinn PV, Hong DC. Liquid-solid transition of hard spheres under gravity. Phys Rev E Stat Phys Plasmas Fluids Relat Interdiscip Topics 2000; 62:8295-8. [PMID: 11138127 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.62.8295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2000] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the liquid-solid transition of two-dimensional hard spheres in the presence of gravity. We determine the transition temperature and the fraction of particles in the solid regime as a function of temperature via event-driven molecular-dynamics simulations and compare them with the theoretical predictions. We then examine the configurational statistics of a vibrating bed from the viewpoint of the liquid-solid transition by explicitly determining the transition temperature and the effective temperature T of the bed, and present a relation between T and the vibration strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- PV Quinn
- Physics, Lewis Laboratory, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, USA
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10
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Kurtze DA, Both JA, Hong DC. Surface instability in windblown sand. Phys Rev E Stat Phys Plasmas Fluids Relat Interdiscip Topics 2000; 61:6750-6758. [PMID: 11088369 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.61.6750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/1999] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the formation of ripples on the surface of windblown sand based on the one-dimensional model of Nishimori and Ouchi [Phys. Rev. Lett. 71, 197 (1993)], which contains the processes of saltation and grain relaxation. We carry out a nonlinear analysis to determine the propagation speed of the restabilized ripple patterns, and the amplitudes and phases of their first, second, and third harmonics. The agreement between the theory and our numerical simulations is excellent near the onset of the instability. We also determine the Eckhaus boundary, outside which the steady ripple patterns are unstable.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Kurtze
- Department of Physics, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58105-5566, USA
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Leyvraz F, Adler J, Aharony A, Bunde A, Coniglio A, Hong DC, Stanley HE, Stauffer D. The random normal superconductor mixture in one dimension. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1088/0305-4470/19/17/030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Herrmann HJ, Hong DC, Stanley HE. Backbone and elastic backbone of percolation clusters obtained by the new method of 'burning'. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1088/0305-4470/17/5/008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 272] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Bunde A, Coniglio A, Hong DC, Stanley HE. Transport in a two-component randomly composite material: scaling theory and computer simulations of termite diffusion near the superconducting limit. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1088/0305-4470/18/3/007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Kurtze DA, Hong DC. Traffic jams, granular flow, and soliton selection. Phys Rev E Stat Phys Plasmas Fluids Relat Interdiscip Topics 1995; 52:218-221. [PMID: 9963423 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.52.218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Guo H, Hong DC, Kurtze DA. Dynamics of viscous fingers and threshold instability. Phys Rev E Stat Phys Plasmas Fluids Relat Interdiscip Topics 1995; 51:4469-4478. [PMID: 9963160 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.51.4469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Hong DC, Yue S, Rudra JK, Choi MY, Kim YW. Granular relaxation under tapping and the traffic problem. Phys Rev E Stat Phys Plasmas Fluids Relat Interdiscip Topics 1994; 50:4123-4135. [PMID: 9962469 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.50.4123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Choi MY, Kim YW, Hong DC. Periodic synchronization in a driven system of coupled oscillators. Phys Rev E Stat Phys Plasmas Fluids Relat Interdiscip Topics 1994; 49:3825-3832. [PMID: 9961669 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.49.3825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Rudra JK, Hong DC. Dynamic equilibrium in granular flow obtained by a nonlinear dynamic equation. Phys Rev E Stat Phys Plasmas Fluids Relat Interdiscip Topics 1993; 47:R1459-R1462. [PMID: 9960251 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.47.r1459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Hong DC. Stress distribution of a hexagonally packed granular pile. Phys Rev E Stat Phys Plasmas Fluids Relat Interdiscip Topics 1993; 47:760-762. [PMID: 9960062 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.47.760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Choi MY, Hong DC, Kim YW. Langevin dynamics, scale invariance, and granular flows. Phys Rev E Stat Phys Plasmas Fluids Relat Interdiscip Topics 1993; 47:137-142. [PMID: 9959987 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.47.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Guo H, Hong DC, Kurtze DA. Dynamics in pattern-forming systems. Phys Rev A 1992; 46:1867-1874. [PMID: 9908323 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.46.1867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Hong DC. Lattice anisotropy and the solvability theory of pattern selection. Phys Rev A 1991; 43:5199-5206. [PMID: 9904830 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.43.5199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Guo H, Hong DC. Random-walk simulation of the solvability theory for the Saffman-Taylor problem. Phys Rev A 1990; 41:2995-2998. [PMID: 9903449 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.41.2995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Hong DC. Chain conformation of ionomers in a nonpolar solvent. Phys Rev A Gen Phys 1989; 40:7391-7393. [PMID: 9902162 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.40.7391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Hong DC. Wire perturbations in the Saffman-Taylor problem: Pattern selection of asymmetric fingers. Phys Rev A Gen Phys 1989; 39:2042-2049. [PMID: 9901457 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.39.2042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Barbieri A, Hong DC, Langer JS. Velocity selection in the symmetric model of dendritic crystal growth. Phys Rev A Gen Phys 1987; 35:1802-1808. [PMID: 9898344 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.35.1802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
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Langer JS, Hong DC. Solvability conditions for dendritic growth in the boundary-layer model with capillary anisotropy. Phys Rev A Gen Phys 1986; 34:1462-1471. [PMID: 9897405 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.34.1462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
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Hong DC, Stanley HE, Coniglio A, Bunde A. Random-walk approach to the two-component random-conductor mixture: Perturbing away from the perfect random resistor network and random superconducting-network limits. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1986; 33:4564-4573. [PMID: 9938919 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.33.4564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
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