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Tran BX, Dam VAT, Auquier P, Boyer L, Fond G, Nguyen HM, Nguyen HT, Le HT, Tran HNT, Vu GT, Nguyen MD, Nguyen DAT, Ly BV, Latkin CA, Zhang MW, Ho RC, Ho CS. Structural Equation Model for Social Support and Quality of Life Among Individuals With Mental Health Disorders During the COVID-19 Pandemic. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2023; 9:e47239. [PMID: 37819706 PMCID: PMC10600649 DOI: 10.2196/47239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In light of the COVID-19 pandemic, the distribution of social support for mental health problems has likely become unequal. Family- and community-based social support has been recognized as a promising approach for mental disorders; however, limited global frameworks have been applied to developing countries such as Vietnam. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of life and social support among patients with mental health disorders in Vietnam and to investigate the factors associated with quality of life among these patients. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted on 222 psychiatric patients in Hanoi from 2020 to 2022. A structured questionnaire was developed based on four standardized scales: Mental Well-Being-5 scale, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, EuroQoL-visual analog scale (EQ-VAS), and EuroQoL-5 dimensions-5 levels (EQ-5D-5L) scale. Tobit regression was used to identify factors associated with the EQ-5D-5L and EQ-VAS scores. Structural equation modeling was applied to verify the relationship between quality of life and social support. RESULTS The results showed that perceived support from family scored the highest compared to support from friends and significant others. Patients with depression reported the lowest quality of life and perceived social support. Structural equation modeling showed a root mean square error of approximation of 0.055 (90% CI 0.006-0.090), comparative fit index of 0.954, Tucker-Lewis index of 0.892, and standardized root mean squared error of 0.036 (P<.001). The hypothetical model indicated statistically significant correlations between EQ-VAS score and social support (P=.004), EQ-5D-5L and mental well-being (P<.001), and social support and mental well-being (P<.001). Critical deterioration of quality of life and inconsistency in social support for patients with mental illness were also recorded. CONCLUSIONS There is a need to enhance social support and service delivery in Vietnam, focusing on occupation and quality of life. The correlations between social support, quality of life, and mental health issues suggest the potential of a clinical-social integrated intervention model of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bach Xuan Tran
- Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
- CEReSS, Research Centre on Health Services and Quality of Life, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Vu Anh Trong Dam
- Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Pascal Auquier
- CEReSS, Research Centre on Health Services and Quality of Life, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Laurent Boyer
- CEReSS, Research Centre on Health Services and Quality of Life, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Guillaume Fond
- CEReSS, Research Centre on Health Services and Quality of Life, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | | | | | - Huong Thi Le
- Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - Giang Thu Vu
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Manh Duc Nguyen
- Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Duong Anh Thi Nguyen
- Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Bang Viet Ly
- Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Carl A Latkin
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Melvyn Wb Zhang
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Roger Cm Ho
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Institute for Health Innovation and Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Cyrus Sh Ho
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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Khader Y, Do AL, Boyer L, Auquier P, Le HT, Le Vu MN, Dang THT, Cao KM, Le LDT, Cu LTN, Ly BV, Nguyen DAT, Nguyen MD, Latkin CA, Ho RCM, Ho CSH, Zhang MWB. Preference and Willingness to Pay for the Regular COVID-19 Booster Shot in the Vietnamese Population: Theory-Driven Discrete Choice Experiment. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2023; 9:e43055. [PMID: 36599156 PMCID: PMC9891355 DOI: 10.2196/43055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 booster vaccination rate has declined despite the wide availability of vaccines. As COVID-19 is becoming endemic and charges for regular booster vaccination are being introduced, measuring public acceptance and the willingness to pay for regular COVID-19 boosters is ever more crucial. OBJECTIVE This study aims to (1) investigate public acceptance for regular COVID-19 boosters, (2) assess the willingness to pay for a COVID-19 booster shot, and (3) identify factors associated with vaccine hesitancy. Our results will provide crucial insights into and implications for policy response as well as the development of a feasible and effective vaccination campaign during Vietnam's waning vaccine immunity period. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among 871 Vietnamese online participants from April to August 2022. An online questionnaire based on the discrete choice experiment (DCE) design was developed, distributed using the snowball sampling method, and subsequently conjointly analyzed on the Qualtrics platform. A history of COVID-19 infection and vaccination, health status, willingness to vaccinate, willingness to pay, and other factors were examined. RESULTS Among the participants, 761 (87.4%) had received or were waiting for a COVID-19 booster shot. However, the willingness to pay was low at US $8.02, and most participants indicated an unwillingness to pay (n=225, 25.8%) or a willingness to pay for only half of the vaccine costs (n=222, 25.4%). Although information insufficiency and a wariness toward vaccines were factors most associated with the unwillingness to pay, long-term side effects, immunity duration, and mortality rate were the attributes the participants were most concerned with during the vaccine decision-making period. Participants who had children less than 18 years old in their homes infected with COVID-19 had a lower willingness to pay (odds ratio [OR] 0.54, 95% CI 0.39-0.74). Respondents who had children under 12 years old in their family who received at least 1 vaccine dose had a higher willingness to pay (OR 2.03, 95% CI 1.12-3.66). The burden of medical expenses (OR 0.33, 95% CI 0.25-0.45) and fear of the vaccine (OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.86-1.00) were negative factors associated with the level of willingness to pay. CONCLUSIONS A significant inconsistency between high acceptance and a low willingness to pay underscores the role of vaccine information and public trust. In addition to raising awareness about the most concerning characteristics of the COVID-19 booster, social media and social listening should be used in collaboration with health professionals to establish a 2-way information exchange. Work incentives and suitable mandates should continue to encourage workforce participation. Most importantly, all interventions should be conducted with informational transparency to strengthen trust between the public and authorities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anh Linh Do
- SC Johnson College of Business, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Laurent Boyer
- Research Centre on Health Services and Quality of Life, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Pascal Auquier
- Research Centre on Health Services and Quality of Life, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Huong Thi Le
- Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Minh Ngoc Le Vu
- Institute of Health Economics and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Trang Huyen Thi Dang
- Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Khuy Minh Cao
- Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Linh Dieu Thi Le
- Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Lam Tung Ngoc Cu
- Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Bang Viet Ly
- Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Duong Anh Thi Nguyen
- Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Manh Duc Nguyen
- Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Carl A Latkin
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Roger C M Ho
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Institute for Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Cyrus S H Ho
- Institute for Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Melvyn W B Zhang
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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Nguyen DAT, Lewis RHC, Boswell-Ruys CL, Hudson AL, Gandevia SC, Butler JE. Increased diaphragm motor unit discharge frequencies during quiet breathing in people with chronic tetraplegia. J Physiol 2020; 598:2243-2256. [PMID: 32083718 DOI: 10.1113/jp279220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Respiratory muscle strength is compromised in people with tetraplegia, which may be compensated for by an increase in neural drive to the diaphragm. We found that the discharge frequencies of diaphragm motor units are higher in people with chronic tetraplegia compared with able-bodied people during quiet breathing. Furthermore, we found that the area of single motor unit potentials was increased in people with tetraplegia. These results suggest an increased motoneurone output to the diaphragm and remodelling of diaphragm motor units to maintain ventilation in tetraplegia. ABSTRACT People with tetraplegia have reduced inspiratory muscle strength, ∼40% of able-bodied individuals. Paralysed or partially paralysed respiratory muscles as a result of tetraplegia compromise lung function, increase the incidence of respiratory infections and can cause dyspnoea. We hypothesised that reduced inspiratory muscle strength in tetraplegia may increase neural drive to the inspiratory muscles to maintain ventilation. We recorded the discharge properties of single motor units from the diaphragm in participants with chronic tetraplegia (8 males, 42-78 years, C3-C6 injury, AIS A-C) and able-bodied control participants (6 males matched for age and body mass index). In each group, 117 and 166 single motor units, respectively, were discriminated from recordings in the costal diaphragm using a monopolar electrode. A linear mixed-effects model analysis showed higher peak discharge frequencies of motor units during quiet breathing in tetraplegia (17.8 ± 4.9 Hz; mean ± SD) compared with controls (12.4 ± 2.2 Hz) (P < 0.001). There were no differences in tidal volume, inspiratory time or mean air flow between groups. Motor unit potentials in tetraplegia, compared with controls, were larger in amplitude (1.1 ± 0.7 mV and 0.5 ± 0.3 mV, respectively, P = 0.007) and area (1.83 ± 1.49 µV ms and 0.69 ± 0.52 µV ms, respectively, P = 0.003). The findings indicate that diaphragm motor unit remodelling is likely to have occurred in people with chronic tetraplegia and that there is an increase in diaphragm motor unit discharge rates during quiet breathing. These neural changes ensure that ventilation is maintained in people with chronic tetraplegia.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A T Nguyen
- Neuroscience Research Australia.,University of New South Wales
| | - R H C Lewis
- Neuroscience Research Australia.,University of New South Wales.,Prince of Wales Hospital, NSW, Australia
| | - C L Boswell-Ruys
- Neuroscience Research Australia.,University of New South Wales.,Prince of Wales Hospital, NSW, Australia
| | - A L Hudson
- Neuroscience Research Australia.,University of New South Wales
| | - S C Gandevia
- Neuroscience Research Australia.,University of New South Wales.,Prince of Wales Hospital, NSW, Australia
| | - Jane E Butler
- Neuroscience Research Australia.,University of New South Wales
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