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Mayilsamy K, Markoutsa E, Das M, Chopade P, Puro D, Kumar A, Gulick D, Willing AE, Mohapatra SS, Mohapatra S. Treatment with shCCL20-CCR6 nanodendriplexes and human mesenchymal stem cell therapy improves pathology in mice with repeated traumatic brain injury. Nanomedicine 2020; 29:102247. [PMID: 32599163 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2020.102247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a devastating neurological disorder, although the underlying pathophysiology is poorly understood. TBI causes blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption, immune cell trafficking, neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. CCL20 is an important chemokine mediating neuroinflammation. Human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) therapy is a promising regenerative approach but the inflammatory microenvironment in the brain tends to decrease the efficacy of the hMSC transplantation. Reducing the inflammation prior to hMSC therapy improves the outcome. We developed a combined nano-cell therapy by using dendrimers complexed with plasmids (dendriplexes) targeting CCL20 and its sole receptor CCR6 to reduce inflammation followed by hMSC transplantation. Treatment of TBI mice with shRNA conjugated dendriplexes followed by hMSC administration downregulated the inflammatory markers and significantly increased brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression in the cerebral cortex indicating future possible neurogenesis and improved behavioral deficits. Taken together, this nano-cell therapy ameliorates neuroinflammation and promotes brain tissue repair after TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthick Mayilsamy
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA; James A Haley VA Hospital, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Eleni Markoutsa
- Center for Research and Education in Nanobio-engineering, Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA; College of Pharmacy Graduate Programs, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA; James A Haley VA Hospital, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Mahasweta Das
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA; James A Haley VA Hospital, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Pratik Chopade
- College of Pharmacy Graduate Programs, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Durga Puro
- College of Pharmacy Graduate Programs, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Akanksha Kumar
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Danielle Gulick
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Alison E Willing
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Shyam S Mohapatra
- Center for Research and Education in Nanobio-engineering, Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA; College of Pharmacy Graduate Programs, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA; James A Haley VA Hospital, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Subhra Mohapatra
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA; Center for Research and Education in Nanobio-engineering, Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA; James A Haley VA Hospital, Tampa, FL, USA.
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Freedman R, Hoffer BJ, Puro D, Woodward DJ. Noradrenaline modulation of the responses of the cerebellar Purkinje cell to afferent synaptic activity. Br J Pharmacol 1976; 57:603-5. [PMID: 963346 PMCID: PMC1667045 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1976.tb10391.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Noradrenaline, applied by microiontophoresis to rat cerebellar Purkinje neurones, selectively depressed spontaneous neuronal discharge. Simple spike and complex spike excitations, evoked by stimulation of the mossy and climbing fibres, were relatively preserved during the inhibition of spontaneous activity, and the number of full-sized action potentials in the complex spike increased. Inhibition mediated by the basket and stellate cells was augmented. Thus, relative to the change in spontaneous activity, noradrenaline increased the responsiveness of the Purkinje cell to afferent input.
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